Manhattan Sale 3 by Tory Freeman

MANHATTAN SALE 3

•

JANUARY 3, 2012

Freeman & Sear â&#x20AC;˘ Los Angeles

manhattan sale 3 T ue s da y , J a nua ry 3, 2012 at 7 P.M. Waldorf Astoria Hotel New York, New York. Norse Suite, 18th Floor

In Conjunction with the 40th Annual New York International Numismatic Convention Freeman & Sear PO Box 641352 Los Angeles, CA 90064-6352 Phone: (310) 450-9755 Fax (310) 450-8865 info@freemanandsear.com www.freemanandsear.com

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Freeman & Sear • Los Angeles

Lot Vi e wing Sc h e d u le

C on ten ts of S al e

Santa Monica December 13–29, 2011 by appointment Monday–Friday, 10 AM–6 PM Please call (310) 450-9755 to arrange a viewing time.

A Special of Celtic Coins from Cabinet Q...... Lot 1-52

San Francisco December 9-10, 2011 San Francisco Historical Bourse Holiday Inn Golden Gateway Hotel New York Waldorf Astoria Hotel 301 Park Avenue, 18th Floor Sunday, January 1, 2012 - Lexington Suite, 1 PM–7 PM Monday, January 2 - Lexington Suite, 9 AM–6 PM Tuesday, January 3 - Lexington Suite, 10 AM–5 PM

Lot P ick up Wednesday, January 4 - Lexington Suite 11 AM–4 PM

Auc t ione e r Herbert J. Kreindler, License No. 820339

Wire Tra nsfe r De t a ils Please contact Freeman & Sear by phone: (310) 450-9755 fax: (310) 450-8865 or email: info@freemanandsear.com

Plac e Your B id s On lin e a t www.free man a n d s e a r .c o m

Greek Coins............................................... Lot 53-157 Roman Coins............................................ Lot 158-227 Byzantine Coins....................................... Lot 228-235 Islamic Coins...................................................Lot 236

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America's Most America’s Most $10.00 forPrestigious a Prestigious three-day pass Sunday – 16 andShow under free with an adult ✽ Ancient & Foreign Coin ✽ valid Friday Ancient & through Foreign Coin Show th www.nyinc.info ThePrestigious 39 Annual America's Most The 40th Annual (Check our website to print a discount admission coupon – www.nyinc.info)

Ancient & Foreign Coin Show NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL The 39 Annual NUMISMATIC CONVENTION NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC CONVENTION th

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JANUARY 5-8, 2012

NUMISMATIC CONVENTION Professional Preview: Thursday, Jan. 5th, 2 pm-7 pm ($100 fee) JANUARY 7-9, 2011 Public Show Hours:

JANUARY 7-9, 2011 Professional Preview: Jan. 6th, 2PM–7PM ($100 fee) Friday, January 6th: Thursday, 10AM-7PM • Saturday, January 7th: 10AM-7PM Professional Preview: Thursday, Jan. 6thHours: ,8th: 2PM–7PM ($100 fee) Sunday, January 10AM-3PM Public Show

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Friday, January 7th: 10AM–7PM Friday, January 7th: 10AM–7PM thHotel • New York City The Waldorf : 10AM–7PM Saturday, January 10AM–7PM Saturday,Astoria January 8th: 8 th th Sunday, January 9 : 10AM–3PM 10AM–3PM Sunday, January 9 :& 301 Park Avenue between 49th 50th Streets • (212) 355-3000 Call the Waldorf Astoria Hotel reservations at (212) The Waldorf Astoria Hotel department • New York City 355-3000 and ask for the specialWaldorf NYINC rate of $290 or $312 depending on accommodations The Astoria Hotel • New York Cityselected. 301 Park Avenue between East 49th & 50th Streets • (212) 355-3000 Specify rate code “NYQ” for our special rates. Call the Waldorf Astoria Hotel reservations department and ask for the th at 212-355-3000 th

301 Park Avenue between East 49 & 50 Streets • (212) 355-3000 special NYINC rate of $279 or $299 depending on accomodations selected. AUCTION LOT VIEWING:

ratereservations code “NYZ” for our special rates. Call the Waldorf AstoriaSpecify Hotel department 212-355-3000 andSaturday, ask for the AuctionatLot Viewing begins AUCTIONS BY: special NYINC rate of $279 or $299 depending on accomodations selected. December 31, 2011 Club Meetings Heritage World for Coinour Auctions: Sunday & Monday, Jan. 2-3 Specify rate ••code “NYZ” special rates. Educational Forums Giulio Bernardi S.R.L./Numismatik Lanz: Monday, Jan. 3 Seminars Exhibits Meetings Book Signings

Club Educational Forums Seminars Exhibits Book Signings

AUCTION SESSIONS: • Freeman & Sear: Tuesday, Jan. 4 Multiple World, Ancient andJan. Numismatic • Classical Numismatic Group: Tuesday & Wednesday, 4-5 •• Baldwin's/M&M Numismatics/Dmitry Markov: The New Literature SalesSunday held daily Heritage World Coin Auctions: &York Monday, Jan. 2-3 Sale on Wednesday & Thursday, Jan. 5-6 Monday, January 2 through Sunday, January Jan. 8 • Giulio Bernardi S.R.L./Numismatik Lanz: Monday, 3 • Ponterio & Associates–A Division of Bowers & Merena: Friday • &Freeman & 7-8 Sear: Tuesday, Jan. 4 Saturday, Jan. •• Gemini Numismatic Auctions VI:Group: Sunday, Jan. 9 Classical Numismatic Tuesday & Wednesday, Jan. 4-5

AUCTIONS BY:

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Bourse Information: Kevin Foley - Convention Chairman Baldwin's/M&M Numismatics/Dmitry Markov: The New York P.O. BoxJan. 370650 Bourse& Information: Sale on Kevin Wednesday Thursday, 5-6 Foley – Convention Chairman Milwaukee, WI 53237& Merena: Friday Ponterio & Associates–A Division of Bowers P.O. Box 370650 Milwaukee, WI 53237 (414) 807-0116 • Fax (414) 423-0343 & Saturday, Jan. 7-8 (414) 421-3484 • Fax (414) 423-0343 Gemini Numismatic Auctions VI: Sunday, Jan. 9 E-mail: kfoley2@wi.rr.com E-mail: kfoley2@wi.rr.com Visit our website, www.nyinc.info, for a complete

Schedule of Events, including auctionfor lot viewing, auctionSchedule of Events, including Visit our website, www.nyinc.info, a complete sessions, educational programs, and more! Bourse Information: auction lot viewing, auction sessions, educational programs, and more! Kevin Foley – Convention Chairman P.O. Box 370650 Milwaukee, WI 53237 F r e e(414) man & Sear Manhattan Sale 3 (414) 421-3484 • Fax 423-0343 E-mail: kfoley2@wi.rr.com

Freeman & Sear • Los Angeles

T ERMS OF S A LE This is a public, mail bid and internet auction conducted by Freeman & Sear. Bidding in the auction constitutes full acceptance of the following terms. 1) The property contained in this auction catalog is offered for sale by Freeman & Sear for itself and on behalf of its consignors. Freeman & Sear may, at its sole discretion, set opening bidding levels, determine bidding increments, reject any bid, reopen a lot in the event of a dispute and withdraw any lot. Freeman & Sear further reserves the right to bid on its own behalf, bid on behalf of the consignor or allow the consignor to bid on his own property. 2) An 18% buyer’s premium will be added to the hammer price of each lot sold. The buyer’s premium will be reduced to 15% if settlement is made by wire transfer, bank draft or personal check within thirty days of the auction date. The reduced buyer’s premium is not applicable for purchases made via live internet bidding. The same buyer’s fee format is applicable to all purchases of unsold lots after the sale. 3) All property offered herein is guaranteed genuine. Grades, descriptions of condition, assessment of rarity and attribution are the opinion of the cataloguer and in no way imply or express warranty. This auction is not an approval sale. Lots may not be returned for any reason except lack of authenticity or misdescription. Group lots, containing more than one coin, are sold “as is” and may not be returned for any reason. Bidders attending the sale, including those acting as agents for others, are excluded from returning any lot for any reason except for lack of authenticity. Any claim of misdescription, excluding a claim of lack of authenticity, must be made within five days of delivery of the property. Any claim of lack of authenticity must be made in writing by the original purchaser immediately on determining the item is not authentic. The original purchaser then must return the item to Freeman & Sear in the same condition as when purchased. 4) Settlement is due immediately upon receipt of the invoice. Interest charges and late fees of 2% per month, or the highest rate allowable by law, whichever is less, will be applied to invoices not settled within thirty days of the auction date and will accrue from the auction date. Bidders personally guarantee payment for lots purchased in the auction, including those executing commission bids for other parties. Payment by check, cash, money order, bank wire transfer, Visa, MasterCard and Discover are accepted. Checks must be made in US dollars and drawn on a US bank. All successful bidders who choose to pay by bank wire transfer will be charged an additional $35 for bank fees. 5) Title does not pass until payment is made in full. Freeman & Sear reserves the right to maintain possession of all lots and to require full payment before delivery is made. 6) Bidders unknown to Freeman & Sear must establish satisfactory credit prior to bidding or must pay a deposit determined by Freeman & Sear. Bids from those under 18 years of age must be accompanied by the written consent of a parent or legal guardian guaranteeing payment. 7) Estimates printed in this catalog are in US dollars. They are intended only as a guide to bidders and not as statements of value. Selling reserves will apply to all property sold in this auction and are normally placed at, but never less than, 60% of the printed estimates. Therefore, a bid of less than 60% of estimate will not be accepted. 8) Bids must be in even dollar amounts. Freeman & Sear will represent mail bidders and will execute mail bids at approximately 10% above the next highest bid. In the event identical mail bids are received, Freeman & Sear will execute the earliest bid. A mail bid has priority over an identical floor bid. Freeman & Sear accepts no responsibility for errors made in bidding and urges that bid sheets be checked carefully before submission. 9) In the event a successful bidder fails to make payment when due, Freeman & Sear reserves the right to resell the property, or to have an affiliated company do so, and the bidder agrees to pay for the reasonable cost of such a sale and also to pay the difference between the resale price and the previously successful bid. Freeman & Sear also reserves any and all rights that it is entitled to under the California Uniform Commercial Code, including the right to offset any sums due from a successful bidder against any future consignment or purchase or monies or goods in possession of Freeman & Sear or its assigns. 10) Sales tax, postage, handling and insurance are the responsibility of the buyer and these charges will be added to all invoices where applicable. Foreign purchasers are advised to comply with all customs regulations. Freeman & Sear declines any responsibility for consequences arising from contravention of such regulations. 11) Bidders hereby waive any claim for incidental, consequential or exemplary damages arising from this auction. The sole remedy that any bidder shall have for any claim or controversy arising out of the auction shall be a refund of all or part of the purchase price. 12) The rights conferred under these Terms of Sale are personal and may not be transferred to any other person or entity. No third party may rely on any benefit or right granted under these Terms. 13) Any dispute regarding this auction shall be governed by the laws of California and shall be adjudicated by the appropriate courts of law in Los Angeles County, California. All bidders submit themselves to the jurisdiction of these courts for this purpose. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

A SELECTION OF FINE CELTIC COINS FROM CABINET Q

1. BRITISH CELTS. The Cantii. Mid-first century BC. Silver unit (1.17 gm). Uninscribed, pre-dynastic type. Male head right, wearing torc, pellets-in-ring around / Pegasos right, pellets-in-ring below and on either side of wing, rings above head and before. Celtic Coin Index 89.0212 (these dies). Van Arsdell —. Hobbs —. Extremely rare. Missing from the major printed works of reference and only a handful recorded in the Celtic Coin Index, all inferior to the present specimen. Beautifully toned. Extremely fine $2,000

2. The Atrebates. Verica. Early first century AD. Silver unit (1.36 gm). VERICA REX, bull butting right / COM — MI F, helmeted figure standing left, holding palm(?) branch in right hand, head on lance to right. Hobbs 1450-1484. Van Arsdell 506-1. Spink 137. Struck on an irregularly shaped flan. Of unusually good metal. Lightly toned. Extremely fine $1,000

3. Catuvellauni/Trinovantes. Tasciovanus. Late first century BC to early first century AD. Silver unit (1.06 gm). Head left with wild hair and beard comprised of pellets, four pellets before, pelleted border / TAS — CI — [O], warrior riding horse right, brandishing spear, torso comprised of pellets, pellet-rings above rider and below horse’s tail. Hobbs 1667-1668. Van Arsdell 1745-1. Spink 230. Very rare. With an unusually well-detailed obverse. Toned good very fine $750

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4. Cunobelin. Camulodunum, early to mid-first century AD. Gold stater (5.47 gm). Biga type. CAMVL (partially ligatured) in indented rectangle over vertical wreath, pellets-in-rings at ends and ornaments in angles / Two horses left, a chariot represented by a wheel with pellets between the spokes below, leaf above (off flan), CVNOBELIN in curved exergue. SCBI 20, 143. Hobbs 1771. Van Arsdell 1910-2. Seaby 280. Among the finest known example of this scarce and desirable type. Struck in good gold. Good extremely fine $8,000 Ex Triton VII, 14 January 2004, lot 1235.

5. CELTS IN SOUTHERN GAUL. Region of Massalia. Fourth to third century BC. Silver obol (0.62 gm). Helmeted head right, wheel on helmet / Linear four-spoked wheel. Deroc 290. LT 520. Rare. Toned. Extremely fine $400

6. CELTS IN CISALPINE GAUL. Upper Po Valley. Late third to early second century BC. Silver drachm (3.69 gm). Imitating Massalia. Head of nymph right, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl choker / ΣΑΣΣΑ, lion walking right, double exergual line. CCCBM II S1-S4. Pautasso 1988, 221-222. SNG Delepierre 91 (these dies). Rare. Edge split at 5:00 (obverse). Nicely toned. Extremely fine $2,000 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica Auction L, 18 May 2001, lot 1001.

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7. CELTS IN NORTHERN ITALY. Po Valley. Circa late second century BC. Silver light drachm (2.98 gm). Imitating Massalia. Head of nymph right, wearing triple pendant earring / ΜΑΣΣΑΛ, lion with gaping mouth standing right atop double exergual line. CCCBM II 3-17, S5-34. LT 2126. Petite head of exceptional style. Extremely fine $400

8. CELTS IN SOUTHERN GAUL. Rhone Valley. The Allobroges. Ialikovesi. Circa second century BC. Silver drachm (2.54 gm). Laureate head right, beaded neck truncation / Italiote legend IALIKOVESI, horse head right. DT 3045. CCCBM II S186. Deroc 12-24. van der Wielan, Allobroges, Plate II, 2 = BN 2537. Rare. Toned. Good very fine $1,500 The horse head was likely inspired by that depicted on the Siculo-Punic coinage of the previous century.

9. CELTS IN SOUTHWESTERN GAUL. The Elusates. Second century BC. Silver drachm (2.80 gm). Imitating Emporion. Abstract head left / Stylized horse left, square design below, triangular design above (probably representing wing). Depeyrot, NC II, 298. CCCBM II 111-126. LT 3587. An attractive specimen. Nicely toned. Nearly extremely fine $750

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10. CELTS IN CENTRAL GAUL. The Aedui. Litavicos. Mid-first century BC. Silver quinarius (1.60 gm). Aeduan Warrior series. Draped bust right, quiver behind, scepter before / LIT [A], horseman galloping right, holding boar standard. DT 5072. CCCBM II 487, S387 = SNG Lewis 22. Scheers, Danicourt, 119. A few minor deposits. Nearly extremely fine $600 Although historically allies of the Romans, the Aedui were not uniformly supportive of Caesar in his effort to quell the Vercingetorixled Gallic insurgency. One young Aeduan nobleman, Litavicos, so espoused the cause of Gallic freedom that he resorted to deception to turn the loyalty of 10,000 troops under his command away from Caesar and toward Vercingetorix. Litavicos broadcast false stories of a Roman massacre of an Aeduan cavalry force as well as the execution of Aeduan leaders and, so, triggered an anti-Roman rebellion throughout Aeduan territory. Rumors of Roman atrocities persisted even after the appearance of the nobles said to have been killed, and large contingents of Aeduan forces went over to Vercingetorix. The prototype of the obverse of this coin is either the denarius of M. Plaetorius M.f. Cestianus or the drachm of Massalia featuring the bust of Artemis.

11. Viipotal. Mid-first century BC. Silver quinarius (2.01 gm). Aeduan Warrior series. Laureate head left / [VIIPOTAL], warrior standing facing, holding boar standard and trophy(?) in extended left hand, resting right on shield. CCCBM II 489-496, S391-S395. LT 4484. Dessewffy 592. Possessing a magnificent depiction of a Gaulish warrior. Beautifully toned. Nearly extremely fine $1,000

12. CELTS IN NORTH-CENTRAL GAUL. The Carnutes. Santonos. Early to mid-first century BC. Silver quinarius (1.93 gm). SANTONO, helmeted head left / Horse advancing right, scroll above, pentagram below. Depeyrot, NC V, 18.7 (this coin). DT 3267 (same obverse die). CCCBM II 440. Beautifully toned. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 82, 16 September 2009, lot 64; Dr. William F. Blank Collection; Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 57; MĂźnzen und Medaillen 47 (30 November 1972), lot 227; Changarnier Collection. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

13. The Parisii. Late second to early first century BC. Gold stater (7.24 gm). Sills Mint A, Class 4a. Head right, hair flowing behind in large locks, volute over club-like object (perhaps a beard) before, vertical lines below neck truncation / Horse left, curvilinear design (perhaps a wing) above, rosette below. Sills 470. DT 79. Colbert de Beaulieu Class II. Rare. Nearly extremely fine $15,000

14. Late second to early first century BC. Gold stater (7.29 gm). Sills Mint B, Class 1a. Head right, face surrounded by beaded filaments, star amidst swirling hair behind, cross on cheek / Horse left, curvilinear design (perhaps a wing) above, cross before, rosette below. Sills 497 (same obverse die). DT 76. Colbert de Beaulieu Class I. Very rare and perhaps the finest known specimen $50,000 John Sills has reclassified the gold coinage of the Parisii and has assigned it to three distinct mints. The present specimen is now considered the product of a subsidiary mint termed “B” and is placed chronologically at the end of the first of two issues struck there. In metrology and metallurgy, it is nearly identical to Class 4a of the primary mint “A” and, so, this and the previous lot were likely struck contemporaneously.

15. CELTS IN NORTHERN GAUL. The Ambiani(?). Circa early second century BC. Gold quarter stater (1.99 gm). Male head right, curling hair in crescents and curvilinear patterns, ornament below neck truncation / Long-haired charioteer driving horse right, brandishing hammer in raised right arm, bee-like object in right field, voided cross pattern below, maeander pattern in exergue. Sills 194. DT 20. Scheers GB series 3, class 1, figure 28 = BN 10232. Extremely rare: perhaps only the second example known, the other in the Bibliothèque nationale. Extremely fine $7,500 Found Ringwould, Kent 2009. A later descendant of the Macedonian gold staters of Philip II, this quarter stater displays much of the original’s main design elements. A notable exception is that the chariot driver on the reverse has had his kentron replaced by a war hammer. He is perhaps intended to represent the Celtic hammer-god Sucellos. 12

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16. CELTS IN NORTHWESTERN GAUL. The Aulerci Diablintes. Circa second to first century BC. Silver stater (6.38 gm). Stylized laureate head right, hair in crescent curls, two extending to cheek and ending with three pellets / Androcephalic horse running right, driver right above, holding wreath behind horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s neck and vexillum before, prone figure right below. DT 2170. LT 6493. A magnificent example of this rare issue, struck in good silver. Nearly extremely fine $5,000

17. The Redones. Circa first century BC. Billon stater (5.80 gm). Laureate, bearded head right / Androcephalic horse running right, driver above holding goad, eight-spoked wheel below. DT 2318-19. LT 6813. Extremely rare. Areas of striking weakness. Lightly rough surfaces. Nearly extremely fine $4,000 Ex Cuvreau-Parsy, 15 April 2008, lot 229.

18. Armorica. The Abrincatui. Circa mid-first century BC. Billon quarter stater (1.55 gm). Head right, moon-shaped face, mane-like hair in crescents, beaded neck truncation, crescent before mouth / Horse running right, three pellets below head, whorl above, lyre below, between pellets-in-ring. Scheers, Danicourt 248. LT J10. Extremely rare and exceptional. Struck in good silver. A few minor deposits. Extremely fine $2,000

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19. The Coriosolites. First century BC. Billon stater (6.38 gm). Head right, hair flowing back in large waves terminating in spirals against temple and cheek, epsilon-shaped nose / Horse running right, whorl above, boar below, remnant of rider to left, vexillum before. DT 2339. LT 6614. Allen 220 = BN 6614. A particularly attractive example with good surfaces. Extremely fine $600 Ex Milton V. Anastos Collection; Tkalec, 23 October 1992, lot 12.

20. CENTRAL EUROPEAN CELTS. West Noricum. Second to first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (11.78 gm). Kugelreiter type. Laureate, diademed male head left / Crested rider on horseback left, three pellets above head. R. Göbl, Der norische Tetradrachmenfund 1972 aus Haimburg in Karnten (Vienna, 1989) 54-77 (IIb/5). Göbl, Noricum pl. 1, no. 3 (1b/2). Kostial 107 (these dies). Struck on a full flan. Lightly toned. Extremely fine $2,250

21. First century BC. Silver tetradrachm (9.74 gm). “Nemet” type. Laureate male head left / Rider on horseback right, brandishing spear, star and NEMET (partially ligatured) below. Göbl, Noricum pl. 12-13, nos. 57-61 (10b/56). Kostial 137 (these dies). CCCBM I S175-S177. With an unusually full reverse. Lightly toned. Good very fine $2,000 Ex Gorny & Mosch Auction 147, 7 March 2006, lot 1018. The inscriptions on this and the next two lots are presumably names of Celtic chieftains. 14

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22. First century BC. Silver tetradrachm (9.98 gm). “Atta” type. Laureate male head right / Helmeted rider on horseback right, brandishing spear, trident and ATTA below. Göbl, Noricum pl. 41, nos. 31-37 (7/2-61). Kostial 143 (these dies). Dembski 809. Rare. Dark toning. Good very fine $2,000

23. First century BC. Silver tetradrachm (9.81 gm). “Svicca” type. Ram standing right, superimposed on laurel wreath, from each side of which emanate fronds / Rider on horseback right, wearing crested helmet and brandishing spear, AR (ligatured) in upper left field, SVICCA within rectangular borders below. Göbl, Noricum pl. 16, nos. 25-28 (17/69). Kostial 145. CCCBM I 175. Very rare. Some minor deposits. Dark tone. Nearly very fine $1,250 The enigmatic obverse type almost certainly derives from an alteration of a die that previously displayed a laureate head. A mirror image of the hair was engraved, the resulting depiction approximating a tree with the laurel wreath now serving as its trunk. A ram was placed over this background. An extremely rare Svicca type does, in fact, display a laureate head on its obverse and its die may serve as the antecedent to that of the present specimen.

24. East Noricum. Second to first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.06 gm). Warasdin A type. Laureate, diademed male head left, beaded border around neck / Horse prancing left, FES in Venetic characters above. R. Göbl, Der norische Tetradrachmenfund 1972 aus Haimburg in Karnten (Vienna, 1989) 208-232 (VIa/19a). Göbl, Noricum pl. 19, no. 6 (21/77). Kostial 154. A particularly attractive specimen with lovely, dark iridescent tone. Extremely fine $3,000 Ex Künker 94, 27 September 2004, lot 17. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

25. Second to first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (12.95 gm). Warasdin A type. Laureate, diademed male head left, beaded border around neck / Horse prancing left. Gรถbl, Noricum pl. 19, nos. 1-2 (20/74). Dembski 855 (these dies). Kostial 155. Rare. A few areas of flatness, otherwise extremely fine $1,000

26. First century BC. Silver tetradrachm (9.92 gm). Gjurgjevac type. Laureate, diademed male head left, his nose, mouth and chin rendered as a star, crescent and pellet, respectively, beaded border around neck / Horse prancing left, three pellets at shoulder. Gรถbl, Noricum pl. 26, nos. 35-40 (60/128). Dembski 879 (these dies). Kostial 180 (these dies). A far better specimen than normally encountered. Toned. Good very fine $750

27. First century BC. Silver tetradrachm (7.82 gm). Wuschelkopf group. Diademed male head right, beaded border around neck / Horse prancing left. Gรถbl, Noricum pl. 38, nos. 1-8 (85/173). Dembski 915 (these dies). Toned. Goood very fine $900

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28. First century BC. Silver tetradrachm (8.99 gm). Wuschelkopf group. Diademed male head right, beaded border around neck, ΛΛ below / Horse prancing left, wheel above, TI below. Göbl, Noricum pl. 38, nos. 9-23 (85b/175). Dembski 916 (these dies). Rare. An unusually nice example. The reverse struck a bit off-center. Toned. Extremely fine $3,000 Ex Triton IX, 10 January 2006, lot 640; Peus 329, 31 October 1990, lot 16; Professor T.R. Gurr Collection.

29. Bratislava Region. The Boii. Biatec. Mid to late first century BC. Silver hexadrachm (17.13 gm). Jugate male heads right, the left wearing laurel wreath, the right helmeted, ivy leaf to right, scalloped border / BIATEC, rider galloping hippogriff right, holding branch in right hand, scalloped border. Göbl, Die Hexadrachmenprägung der Gross-Boier, II/1(3). Paulsen 718-742. CCCBM I 242. Ondrouch 25-118. A fine example of this intriguing coin. Toned. Good very fine $4,000 These largest denominations of the “Biatec” series are often referred to as hexadrachms owing to the contrast in weight with the comparatively light tetradrachms struck contemporaneously in the Celtic world. They alternatively may be described as Attic weight tetradrachms. However lableed, their size and purity are testament to the prosperity of the Boii on the eve of Roman domination of the region. The present type, that associated with the beginning of the series, displays an obverse copied from the denarii of Q. Fufius Kalenus and Servius (Crawford 403/1).

30. Nonnos. Mid to late first century BC. Silver hexadrachm (17.35 gm). Biatec type. Diademed head right, wearing pearl choker, scalloped border / NONNOS, horseman galloping right, head reverted, holding sword in right hand, palm branch in left, scalloped border. Göbl, Die Hexadrachmenprägung der Gross-Boier, XIV/1a. Paulsen 764-766. CCCBM I 245-247. Ondrouch 136. Rare. Beautifully toned. Good very fine $6,500 Ex John W. Garrett Collection Part II, 16-18 October 1984, lot 65. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

31. Pannonia (Slovakia). First century BC. Silver tetradrachm. (11.87 gm). Leierblume type. Beardless male head left / Horse prancing left on dotted ground line, lyre-like flower above and below. Gรถbl, OTA pl. 32, 396-2. Dembski 734 (these dies). CCCBM I 148. Rare. Lightly toned. A few light scratches. Very fine $1,250 Ex Lanz 26, 5 December 1983, lot 18.

32. Pannonia (Burgenland). Second to first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (12.48 gm). Kroisbach type. Diademed male head left with prominent protrusion on bridge of nose / Torso and head of diademed, crested rider on horseback, pacing left atop exergual line in form of torque. Gรถbl, OTA pl. 38, 469-4 (this obverse die). Dembski 1392 (these dies). CCCBM I 154. A beautiful example. Nicely toned. Good extremely fine $3,250

33. Second to first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (12.30 gm). Kroisbach type. Diademed male head left with prominent protrusion on bridge of nose / Torso and head of diademed, crested rider on horseback, pacing left atop exergual line in form of torque. Gรถbl, OTA pl. 38, 469-5 (these dies). Dembski 1391. CCCBM I 151. Well-struck and beautifully toned. Good extremely fine $2,000

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34. CELTS IN EASTERN EUROPE. Third to second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (14.36 gm). Zangenlorbeer type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Crested horseman, pacing left, holding two birds overhead, wavy exergual line. Gรถbl, OTA 163/1 (these dies). Dembski 1102 (these dies). Cf. Kostial 446 (one bird). Rare. Toned. Extremely fine $2,500 Ex Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 128; Peus 329, 31 October 1990, lot 17. The tetradrachms of northern Serbia assimilate various subtypes utilized in the eastern Danubian region, often combining previously unassociated obverse and reverse varieties. The dies tend to be neatly engraved and the coins struck on thick flans.

35. Pannonia (Serbia). Third to second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.88 gm). Helmschweifreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Horse prancing left, highly stylized crested rider, only upper body shown, pellet-in-ring above to left, eye-shaped device above to right. Gรถbl, OTA 165. Dembski 1104. CCCBM I S110. Extremely rare. The thick, curvaceous and earless horse unpublished in the major works of reference. Extremely fine/good extremely fine $2,500

36. Third to second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (12.44 gm). Helmschweifreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right/ Horse prancing left on exergual line, highly stylized crested rider, only upper body shown, pellet-in-ring above to left, eyeshaped device above to right. Gรถbl, OTA 165. Dembski 1104. CCCBM I S110. Rare. Deeply struck. Good extremely fine $2,000

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37. Second to first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.44 gm). Kranzreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right, with large lock of hair falling from forehead to ear in front of laurel wreath / Horseman with long crest pacing right, holding wreath in raised left hand. Göbl, OTA 168-3 (these dies). Dembski 1109 (these dies). Dessewffy 564. Minor flan flaw on reverse. Extremely fine $1,750

38. Pannonia/Dacia (northern Hungary). Second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.40 gm). Audoleon type (Triskeles variety). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Horseman with raised left hand pacing right, pseudo-legend around, Π below foreleg, triskeles below. Göbl, OTA pl. 35, 434-1. Kostial 724. CCCBM I 121-123. A magnificent specimen. Good extremely fine $1,500 Ex Triton V, 15 January 2002, lot 1007.

39. Second century BC. Silver tetradrachm. (13.57 gm). Audoleon type (“Y auf Postament” variety). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Horseman pacing right, pseudo-legend around, “Y” above columnar device below (transformed Audoleon monogram). Göbl, OTA pl. 34, 422-1 (these dies). CCCBM I 128 (these dies). Kostial 721 (these dies). A rare variety. Nicely toned. Narrow vertical cut on reverse. Good very fine $750 Ex Garrett Collection, Part II (Bank Leu/Numismatic Fine Arts), 16-18 October 1984, lot 77. 20

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40. Second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.43 gm). Audoleon type (“π” variety). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Crested horseman pacing right atop exergual line, π above crest. Göbl, OTA 408-1 (this obverse die). Kostial 716-718. A rare variety. Nicely toned. Extremely fine $1,500

41. Pannonia/Dacia (Banat). Third to second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.03 gm). Zweigreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Horseman pacing right, only upper body shown, wreath behind, branch below. CCCBM I S24. Castelin 1246. Dessewffy 416. A superb example. Extremely fine $1,500

42. Dacian Plain. Circa late third century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.57 gm). Wangenschnecke type. Laureate head right, spiral on cheek / Horseman pacing right, left arm raised. CCCBM I 17 (these dies). Göbl, OTA 59/1 (these dies). Kostial 384 (this obverse die). Cf. Dembski 1040 (rosette before horse). Extremely rare. A few areas of flatness. One of the most highly prized of the Danubian Celtic tetradrachms. Good very fine $7,500 Ex Hauck & Aufhäuser A21, 26 March 2009, lot 30 (cover coin). The spiral was a mainstay of Celtic art. Its appearance on the cheek may represent a tattoo.

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43. Dacian Plain (Oltenia). Third to second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (11.85 gm). Bearded head right with two heavy locks behind the ear, the largest resembling horn of Ammon / Horseman with plumed helmet left, right arm raised, wheel to left, pellet-in-ring before horse’s head, pellet below raised foreleg. Göbl, OTA 291/2 (these dies). CCCBM I 26 (this obverse die). Kostial 585-586. $800 Ex Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 146; Tolna hoard.

44. Circa second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.17 gm). Janiform head of Zeus / Crested horseman pacing right, rosette before horse. CCCBM I S116. Göbl, OTA 233. Kostial 542. DT 9899. A splendid example of this desirable type, unusually well struck and perfectly centered. Toned. Nearly extremely fine $5,000 Ex Triton IV, 5 December 2000, lot 6.

45. Third century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.98 gm). Siegesreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right, with “counterstamp” at ear of severed beardless head right / Horseman pacing left, holding branch(?), dog below. CCCBM I S15. Göbl, OTA 82. Pink S. 48, Plate 4, 82. Castelin 1253 (these dies). Very rare. Struck a little flatly on reverse. Toned. Very fine $1,000 Ex Hess-Divo 283, 10 May 2000, lot 8. The pseudo-countermark was engraved into the die in imitation of the countermarked tetradrachms that were frequently encountered in the region. 22

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46. Dacian Plain. Late second to early first century BC. Silver tetradrachm (10.41 gm). Kinnlos type. Diademed head of Zeus right, with no chin / Bearded horseman pacing right, leaning back, line with central pellet, possibly a hobble, below. Cf. Göbl, OTA 244; CCCBM I 47-54; Kostial 554-563 (all with smaller flan, heavier weight). Extremely rare. Toned. Obverse struck from a worn die, otherwise extremely fine $1,250 The large diameter flan, concave fabric and light weight of the present specimen segregates it from the main class of “chinless” tetradrachms. In terms of fabric and weight it bears greater similarity to the Herakles/horseman scyphate coins of the Transylvanian plain.

47. Danube. Circa second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (9.84 gm). Pegasos type (sic). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Griffin walking left. Göbl, OTA 191/3 (these dies). Kostial 461. Extremely rare. Dark tone. Good very fine $1,250 Ex Gorny & Mosch 117, 14 October 2002, lot 18.

48. Dacian Plain. Third century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.98 gm). Baumreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right/ Horseman riding left, wearing crested helmet, holding palm branch, animal device to left, leaf ornaments below. Göbl, OTA 129. CCCBM I 67. Dessewffy 775. Some light granularity. Struck in high relief. Extremely fine $2,500 The geographical range of this coinage is rather broad and includes both the Dacian plain and southern Serbia. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

49. Danube. Third century BC. Silver tetradrachm (13.63 gm). Baumreiter type. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right, large lock of hair on forehead / Horseman riding left, wearing crested helmet, holding palm branch, animal device to left, leaf ornaments below. Göbl, OTA 129. CCCBM I 66, S77-S78. Dessewffy 775. A few light marks and old scrapes. Attractively toned. Good very fine $1,500 Ex Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 130.

50. Dacian plain. Second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (12.75 gm). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right, surrounded by a row of hair tufts which reach from the forehead to below the chin / Horseman left, wearing plumed helmet, holding a wheel in left hand, extending right hand, figure-of-eight below horse, groundline formed by a volute figure, crescent in left field. Classical Numismatic Review XXVII, June 2002, lot 1 (a coin of identical dies). The reverse apparently unpublished in the major works of reference, but cf. Göbl, OTA 122/2, Kostial 412-413, and Dembski 1079 for same obverse die. Perhaps only the second known specimen. A few surface flaws and flatness on obverse. Toned very fine $1,500 Ex Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 131.

51. Lower Danube. Early third century BC. Silver tetradrachm (12.57 gm). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / Blundered legend ΦΙΛΠΙ - Ο, horseman prancing right, holding palm branch, branch below horse. Göbl, OTA 447/3 (this coin). Cf. Kostial 362 and CCCBM I 5. An early imitation of an Amphipolos mint tetradrachm of Philip II. Test cut on horse’s forepart. Dark toning. Very fine $500 Ex Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 121; Collections of John W. Garrett (Bank Leu-Numismatic Fine Arts, 16 October 1984, lot 81) and Max Verworn (Cahn 49, 18 December 1922, lot 63). 24

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52. GETO-DACIANS. Danube basin. After 78 BC. Silver serrate denarius (3.54 gm). Imitating obverse type of L. Volumnius Strabo and reverse type of M. Volteius. Laureate head of Jupiter right, but crown without berries between paired leaves as on original, strands of hair on far side of forehead broken rather than curving, control letter C behind now turned on face, hair pattern simpliﬁed and crude, dotted border superimposed on linear border as originally, somewhat greater irregularity in the serrations / Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus with three sets of closed double doors, tympanum decorated with star-like thunderbolt for shorter and tighter thunderbolt of original, quadriga at apex as little distinguishable from ornaments on raking cornices as on some original dies, taller pediment resembling equilateral rather than isosceles triangle, lock on right half of central double doors missing, traces of legend visible below. Cf. RRC 377/1 and 385/1. RCV 298 and 312. An attractive imitation. Very fine $500

GREEK COINS

53. APULIA. Luceria. Circa 211-200 BC. Bronze uncia (3.52 gm). Laureate head of Apollo right, bow and quiver at shoulder, pellet behind / LOVC - ERI, frog seen from above. SNG ANS 709. HN Italy 682. Very rare. Green and red-brown patina. Very fine $1,000

54. BRUTTIUM. Kroton. Circa 530-500 BC. Silver stater (7.85 gm). QPO, tripod-lebes with lion’s feet, two snakes rising from lebes / Same type in incuse, except for snakes and rings at top of tripod rendered by raised lines. SNG ANS 230. SNG Fitzwilliam 743. HN Italy 2075. Nicely toned. Nearly extremely fine $6,500 Ex Freeman & Sear Fixed Price List 13, Winter 2008, no. 7; Hess-Divo Auction 307, 8 June 2007, lot 1031; Münzen und Medaillen 79, 28 February-1 March 1994, lot 71. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

55. BRUTTIUM. The Brettii. Circa 216-203 BC. Silver drachm (4.62 gm). Veiled head of Hera Lakinia right, wearing polos, lotos-tipped scepter over shoulder, kantharos behind, small Γ below neck truncation / BPETTIΩN, Zeus standing left, resting right forearm on thigh and right foot on capital of Ionic column, and grasping scepter in left hand, eagle with spread wings standing left on thunderbolt before, tiny Γ above ground line behind left foot. Scheu, “Silver and Gold Coins of the Bruttians,” NC 1962, 78. HN 1970. SNG Fitzwilliam 703 (same dies). Lightly toned. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex Classical Numismatic Group Sale 61, 25 September 2002, lot 351; Münzen und Medaillen 85, 11 April 1997, lot 19; Münzen und Medaillen List 299 (1969), 6.

56. SICILY. Akragas. Time of Hannibalic occupation. 213-210 BC. Silver drachm (3.36 gm). Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right, dotted border / ΑΚΡΑΓΑΝ - ΤΙΝΩΝ, eagle standing right on thunderbolt, wings raised, Ε in left field, linear border. Burnett, SNR 62 (1983) 10 (same dies). BMC 82. McClean 2051. Tiny flan crack at 11:30 (obverse). Extremely fine and lustrous $500

57. Gela. Circa 480-470 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.18 gm). Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, holding kentron, Nike above, flying right to crown horses, double exergual line, dotted border / CΕΛΑΣ, forepart of bearded, man-faced bull running right. Jenkins 179 (O48/R103). SNG ANS 36-38 (same obverse die). Struck from somewhat worn obverse die. Very fine $1,000

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58. Himera. Circa 480-470 BC. Silver didrachm (8.71 gm). ΗΙΜΕRΑ, cock standing left / Crab within incuse circle. Westermark, Himera 76 (O12/R63). SNG ANS 161 (same obverse die). Struck a bit flatly at the high points. Edge marks. Otherwise, good very fine $500

59. Katane. Circa 450 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.35 gm). Charioteer walking slow quadriga right / KATANAI - ON, laureate head of Apollo right, with hair tucked up behind under laurel wreath. Rizzo pl. x, 5 (same dies). Pozzi 410 = SNG Lockett 727 = Boston Supplement 22 (same dies). Very rare. Insignificant flan flaw on obverse. Certainly among the finest known specimens. Nearly extremely fine $40,000 Like the nymph Arethusa at Syracuse, the god inspired the Katanian die engravers to create a whole gallery of heads that reflect the development of artistic style and technique, changing styles in hair dressing, and evolving concepts of masculine beauty. Apollo is depicted here with an archaizing hairstyle in which his long, wavy hair is looped loosely at the back of his neck and held in place by his laurel wreath, forming a large roll beneath the wreath and a smaller one above it, with the ends of the hair falling below. Two stylistic features of note are the ogival eye and the rendering of the hair as individual parallel strands.

60. Zankle-Messana. Circa 500-493 BC. Silver litra (0.66 gm). ΔΑΝΚΛΕ (Λ inverted), dolphin swimming left within crescent harbor, dotted border within plain double border / Nine-part incuse square with cockle shell at center. Gielow 72-78. SNG Lloyd 1078. SNG Ashmolean 1819. Very rare. Of unusually good metal. A few light scratches and specks of die rust. Nearly extremely fine $2,000

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61. Messana. 480-478 BC. Silver drachm (4.05 gm). Bearded charioteer walking mule-drawn biga right, holding kentron in left hand, reins in right, dotted border / ΜΕSSΕ - [ΝΙ] - ΟΝ, hare springing right, dotted border. Caltabiano 42.2 (D20/R23, this coin) = SNG Lloyd 1110. SNG Fitzwilliam 1071 (same reverse die). Scattered porosity. Toned. Good very fine $750 Ex Triton I, 2-3 December 1997, lot 271; Glendinings, 18-20 April 1955, lot 184.

62. Circa 412-396 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.23 gm). Nymph Messana driving mule biga left, Nike above, flying right to crown driver with laurel wreath / Hare springing right, barley stalk with four ears and two leaves behind, [ΜΕ]ΣΣΑΝΙΟΝ within double exergual box. Caltabiano 601 (D215/R233). SNG ANS 379. Very rare die variety. Areas of striking flatness, otherwise extremely fine $6,000

63. Naxos. Circa 430 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.81 gm). Bearded head of Dionysos right, wearing stephanos ornamented with ivy tendril, hair hanging in loose, curly locks / [Ν]ΑΧΙΟΝ, Satyr Silenos squatting on ground, looking left at kantharos held in right hand, left hand holding thyrsos, ivy vine springing up from ground to left. Cahn 100 (V66 / R82). Gulbenkian 232 (same dies). Extremely rare and one of the most highly sought-after of all Greek coins. Minor porosity in isolated areas, otherwise nearly extremely fine $50,000 The earliest Greek settlement in Sicily, Naxos was founded about 735 BC from Chalkis in central Greece. Its principal economic activity was viticulture and this explains its coin types devoted to the worship of Dionysos. The depiction of his head on the obverse is a work of high classical style, combining physical beauty with an element of remoteness and even danger; this was a god known for cruel vengeance against non-believers, even as he lavished spiritual gifts on his worshippers. The reverse type illustrates that giving: the Silenos is unkempt and awkward, yet his ugly face is transformed by a look of reverie as he achieves union with his god through wine. Ivy, the sacred plant of Dionysos, is present in the scene, as is the thyrsos, a scepter tipped with a pine cone and particular to the god. 28

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64. Syracuse. 510-485 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.14 gm). Struck circa 500-485 BC. ΣΥΡΑ, charioteer walking slow quadriga right, wearing long chiton and holding reins in each hand, leaf-like device in exergue, dotted border / Head of Arethusa left in incuse circle at center of incuse quadripartite square. SNG ANS 4. Boehringer 26 (V18/R14). Babelon 2248, plate 74, 2 (same obverse die). SNG Lloyd 1277 (same reverse die). Rare. Lightly toned. Typical striking flatness, otherwise very fine $4,500

65. Circa 490-485 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.14 gm). Dies by the “Master of the Large Arethusa Heads.” [ΣΥ]RA in exergue, charioteer walking slow quadriga left, Nike above, flying right to crown charioteer / ΣΥRAQOΣΙΟΝ (retrograde), head of Arethusa right, wearing taenia and necklace, hair finely dotted about face, cross-hatched on back of head and behind neck, with two fine wavy locks falling down neck behind ear, neck truncation defined by double line (upper solid, lower dotted), four dolphins around. Boehringer 34 (V25/R18). Rizzo pl. xxxiv, 7 (same dies). Kraay-Hirmer 74 (same dies). H. Scharmer, “Die Meister der spatarchaischen Arethusakopfe,” AK 10 (1967), pp. 94-95, pl. 28, 1 (same reverse die). Very rare. Deeply struck on a broad flan and attractive. Lightly toned. Good very fine $25,000 Ex Leu 25, 23 April 1980, lot 67.

66. Circa 490-485 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.01 gm). Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses / ΣVRA-ΚΟΣ-I-O-Σ, head of Arethusa right, wearing beaded diadem and pearl necklace, long hair tucked up under diadem, four dolphins around. SNG ANS 14 (same obverse die). Boehringer 60 (V31/R39). Toned and attractive. Nearly extremely fine $6,000 Ex Parsy Auction, 15 April 2008, lot 038. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

67. Deinomenid Tyranny (485-466 BC). Silver tetradrachm (17.05 gm, 23mm). Struck under Hieron I, circa 466 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses, ketos right in exergue / ΣVRAKOΣ - IO - N, diademed head of Arethusa right, four dolphins around. Boehringer 439 (V233/R314). SNG ANS 135 (same obverse die). BMC 69 (same dies). Boston MFA 361 = Warren 317 (same dies). Ward 252 (same dies). Toned. Extremely fine $6,000 Ex Tkalec, 8 September 2008, lot 18.

68. Circa 474-470 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.18 gm, 25 mm). Bearded charioteer walking slow quadriga right, leaning slightly forward, wearing chiton, holding kentron and reins, Nike above, flying right to crown horses / ΣV - RΑΚ - ΟΣΙ - ΟΝ (R inverted, N retrograde), head of Arethusa right, wearing hairband of large pearls, earring, and necklace of small pearls, four dolphins swimming clockwise around. Boehringer 305 (V146/R212). SNG ANS —. Inconsequential planchet flaw below exergual line on obverse. Extremely fine $3,500

69. Second Democracy (466-406 BC). Silver tetradrachm (17.18 gm). Struck circa 460-440 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, holding reins in each hand, Nike above, flying right, holding wreath, ketos in exergue / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙ - Ο - Ν, head of Arethusa right, hair twisted and bound into a chignon at nape, wearing beaded headband, earring, and pearl necklace, four dolphins around. Boehringer 530 (V273/R368). SNG ANS 169 (same obverse die). SNG ANS 166 (same reverse die). Very fine $1,000 30

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70. Silver tetradrachm (17.43 gm). Struck circa 460-440 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, wearing long chiton, holding reins in both hands and kentron in right, Nike above, flying left, holding wreath, ketos in exergue, dotted border / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙ - Ο - Ν, diademed head of Arethusa right, hair-ends tucked into pearl-drop diadem, wearing earring and pearl necklace, four dolphins around. Boehringer 491 (V259/R347). SNG ANS 157 (same dies). Good very fine $2,500

71. Silver tetradrachm (17.27 gm). Struck circa 455-450 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, holding reins in both hands, Nike above, flying right, ketos in exergue / ΣΥΡΑΚΟ - ΣΙ - Ο - Ν, diademed head of Arethusa right, four dolphins around. Boehringer 533 (V273/R374). SNG ANS 171 (same dies). Minor obverse planchet flaw. Very fine $1,500

72. Silver tetradrachm (17.28 gm). Struck circa 450-440 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, holding reins in each hand and kentron in right, Nike above, flying right, ketos in exergue / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙ - ΟΝ, head of Arethusa right, wearing headband, pendant earring, and pearl necklace with pendant, four dolphins around. SNG ANS 180 (same obverse die). Boehringer 554 (V282/R385). Rizzo plate 37, 13 (same obverse die). Toned. Good very fine $1,500

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73. Silver tetradrachm (17.35 gm). Struck circa 450-440 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, holding reins in left hand, kentron in right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses, ketos in exergue / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙ - ΟΝ, head of Arethusa right, hair bound in triple-stranded fillet, wearing whorl earring with two beads descending and pearl necklace with pendant, four dolphins around (uppermost dolphin off flan). Boehringer 571 (V287/R391) = SNG ANS 184. Struck on a slightly short flan. Extremely fine $3,500 Ex Harlan J. Berk Sale 99, 25 September 1997, lot 80.

74. Silver tetradrachm (17.01 gm). Struck circa 450-440 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, holding reins with both hands, Nike above, flying right to crown horses, ketos in exergue / ΣΥRΑΚΟΣΙ - Ο - Ν, head of Arethusa right, hair bound with ribbon, wearing whorl earring with pendant and necklace with pendant, four dolphins around. Boehringer 582 (V289/ R395) = SNG ANS 188. SNG Lloyd 1331 (same dies). Good very fine $1,500

75. Silver tetradrachm (17.19 gm). Struck circa 440-430 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΟΝ, head of Arethusa right, wearing tainia, whorl earring, and necklace, four dolphins around. Boehringer 628 (V319/R432) = SNG ANS 200. SNG Lloyd 1346 (same dies). Minor obverse planchet flaw. Nearly very fine $800 Ex Italo Vecchi Sale 13, 4 September 1998, lot 217.

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76. Silver tetradrachm (17.21 gm). Struck circa 440-430 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΟΝ, head of Arethusa right, wearing tainia, whorl earring, and necklace, four dolphins around. Boehringer 628 (V319/R432) = SNG ANS 200. SNG Lloyd 1346 (same dies). Obverse planchet fault. Very fine $1,500

77. Silver tetradrachm (17.45 gm). Struck circa 440-430 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right, double exergual line / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΟΝ, head of Arethusa right, wearing maeander- and zigzag-patterned ampyx, whorl earring, and necklace, four dolphins around. Boehringer 642 (V326/R442). SNG ANS 207. Struck on a short flan, typical of this issue. Toned. Good very fine $900

78. Silver tetradrachm (16.84 gm). Struck circa 430-420 BC. Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses / ΣΥΡΑΚ - [ΟΣ] - ΙΟ - [Ν], head of Arethusa right, hair bound with ribbon, wearing whorl earring and necklace, four dolphins around. Boehringer 672 (V338/R459). SNG ANS 222 (same dies). Struck from worn obverse die. Very fine $900

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79. End of Second Democracy (415-406 BC) and Dionysius I (406-367 BC) Silver tetradrachm (17.22 gm). An unsigned work of Euainetos, struck circa 415-405 BC. Fast quadriga left, charioteer’s left arm extended to horse’s head, holding kentron, Nike above, flying right to crown charioteer, two dolphins in exergue / Head of Arethusa left, hair bound with ribbon, wearing whorl earring, four dolphins around. Tudeer 41 (O13/R24). SNG ANS 269. Rare. Very fine $1,500

80. Circa 405-400 BC. Gold 100 litrae (5.76 gm). Signed on the obverse by the master engraver Euainetos. ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΩΝ, head of Arethusa left, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, hair confined by ampyx and sphendone ornamented with stars, wavy locks swept back over ampyx and above ear, die engraver’s signature EYAI behind neck / Young Herakles kneeling right on rocky ground, resting on right knee, left leg thrown forward, wrestling Nemean lion. Berend 10 (D7/R6), 6 (this coin). Di Ciccio 25 (same dies). SNG ANS 323 (same dies). Extremely fine $20,000 Ex ANS (inventory no. 1997.9.79.) from the Estate of John D. Leggett, Jr., 1997 (Gemini V, 6 January 2009, lot 368); Numismatic Fine Arts XXVI, 14 August 1991, lot 27.

81. Timoleon and the Third Democracy (344-317 BC). Silver stater (8.64 gm). Struck 344 to circa 335 BC. Pegasos flying left / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΩΝ, helmeted head of Athena right. Pegasi 2. SNG ANS 496-507. Lightly toned. Good very fine $750

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82.

83.

82. Agathokles (317-289 BC). Silver tetradrachm (17.05 gm). Struck circa 310-305 BC. Head of Arethusa left, wearing wreath of grain leaves, triple pendant earring, and pearl necklace, three dolphins around, monogram ΝI below, dotted border / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΩΝ, charioteer driving fast quadriga left, wearing long chiton, holding reins in left hand, long kentron in right, triskeles above, double exergual line, monogram ΑΙ below legend in exergue. Ierardi 13 (O2/R9). SNG ANS 633 (same reverse die). SNG Munich 1209. Very fine $1,250 Ex NFA Winter Mail Bid Sale, 14 December 1989, lot 380. 83. Silver tetradrachm (17.12 gm). Struck circa 310-305 BC. Head of Arethusa left, wearing wreath of grain leaves, triple pendant earring, and pearl necklace, three dolphins around, monogram ΝΚ below, dotted border / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΩΝ, charioteer driving fast quadriga left, wearing long chiton, holding reins in left hand, long kentron in right, triskeles above, double exergual line, monogram ΑΙ below legend in exergue. Ierardi 9 (O2/R5). SNG ANS 637 (same dies). BMC 346. Toned. Very fine $1,500

84. Pyrrhos (278-276 BC). Silver oktobol (9.19 gm). Head of Persephone right, wearing wreath of grain leaves, pendant earring, and pearl necklace, hair loose at back, dolphin in left field, dotted border / ΠΥΡΡΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, Athena standing left, brandishing spear in right hand and holding shield aloft in left, thunderbolt in left field, cornucopia in right field. BMC 10 (Epirus). Cf. SNG ANS 832 (illegible symbol in obverse left field, no cornucopia on reverse). Good very fine $1,000

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85. Time of Hieron II. Circa 275-212 BC. Silver eight-litrae (6.76 gm, 20 mm). Diademed head of Gelon left, grain ear(?) behind / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΟΙ ΓΕΛΩΝΟΣ, Nike driving fast biga right, BA above, K in right field, grain ear below. SNG Lockett 1019. Cf. SNG Lloyd 1548 (no grain ear on reverse). A few minor flan flaws. Light iridescent tone. Extremely fine $2,000 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica Auction 9, 16 April 1996, lot 264.

86. Hieron II (274-216 BC). Silver two-litrae (1.83 gm). Laureate head of Apollo left, dotted border / ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙ [ΩΝ(?)], female standing left, with inflated veil, holding scroll in left hand, palm frond in right, illegible symbol in right field, linear border. SNG ANS 905. SNG Lloyd 1571. Cf. ANS Lockett 1024 (Ε in right field). Rare. Some light porosity and a few marks. Nearly extremely fine $500 Ex Ira & Larry Goldberg Sale 7, 2-3 October 2000, lot 18.

87. Punic(?) imitation of Syracuse. Circa 413-399 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.85 gm). Charioteer driving slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses / Blundered legend ΚΟΣΙΩΝΜ (retrograde), head of Arethusa right, imitative artist’s signature EYMENOY (retrograde) under neck, four dolphins around. Cf. Tudeer 107 (38/74) (same obverse die, but reverse far cruder). Extremely rare, the reverse die apparently unpublished. The obverse struck weakly. A few old scratches. Very fine/good very fine $3,000 Ex Freeman & Sear Mail Bid Sale 11, 23 November 2004, lot 41; Freeman & Sear Fixed Price List 8, Fall 2003, no. 87.

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88. Silver tetradrachm (17.06 gm). Charioteer walking slow quadriga right, Nike above, flying right to crown horses / Blundered legend ΚΟΣΙΩΝΜ (retrograde), head of Arethusa right, hair rolled, wearing whorl earring and choker, imitative artist’s signature EVMENOV (retrograde) under neck, four dolphins around. Tudeer 107 (38/74). Extremely rare. Three isolated flan defects, perhaps resulting from overstriking. Obverse a bit softly struck and reverse mildly doublestruck. Lightly toned. Extremely fine $4,000 Ex Gemini 1, 11 January 2005, lot 55; Freeman & Sear Fixed Price List 8, Fall 2003, no. 86.

89. PUNIC SICILY. Carthage or Lilybaion. Circa 410-392 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.43 gm). Forepart of horse right, with body-harness, Punic legend qrthdst (“Carthage”) below / Palm tree with level branches, date clusters protruding, and emphasized trunk, Punic legend mhnt (“the Camp”) divided by tree trunk. Jenkins, SNR 53 (1974), 2 (O1/R2). Niggeler 537 (same dies). Very rare. Extremely fine $6,500 From the initial phase of the Carthage series, probably struck during the Carthaginian military action in support of Segesta against Selinos.

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90. Circa 410-392 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.89 gm). Forepart of bridled horse right, grain ear before, Nike above, flying right, holding wreath and caduceus, Punic legend qrthdst (“Carthage”) below / Palm tree with thick trunk, drooping fronds, and date clusters hanging close to trunk, Punic legend mhnt (“the Camp”) divided by tree trunk (partially off flan). Jenkins, SNR 53 (1974), 12 (O3’/R12) = SNG Copenhagen, Part 42, 72. Rare. A few flan imperfections. Nike struck a bit flatly. Areas of light encrustation. Good very fine $2,750 Ex Frank Sternberg Auction 23, 29 October 2000, lot 327.

91. Circa 410-392 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.61 gm). Forepart of bridled horse right, grain ear before, Nike above, flying right, holding wreath and caduceus, Punic legend qrthdst (“Carthage”) below, dotted border / Palm tree with thick trunk, drooping fronds, and date clusters hanging close to trunk, Punic legend mhnt (“the Camp”) divided by tree trunk. Jenkins, SNR 53 (1974) 13Y (O3’/R13) (this coin). SNG Copenhagen, Part 42, 72 (same obverse die). Rare. Graffiti on reverse. Toned. Good very fine $3,500 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 70, 21 September 2005, lot 67; John F. Sullivan Collection.

92. Circa 410-392 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.14 gm). Forepart of unbridled horse right, lion head right behind, grain before, Nike above, flying right, holding wreath and caduceus, Punic legend qrthdst (“Carthage”) below / Palm tree with rather short, drooping fronds, small date clusters, and tapering trunk. Jenkins, SNR 53 (1974) 16 (O4/R16). Ratto Auction (4 April 1927) 445 (same obverse die). Rare. Trunk of palm struck flatly. Nearly extremely fine $6,500 38

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93. Circa 410-392 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.28 gm). Forepart of unbridled horse right, grain ear before, Nike above, flying right, holding wreath and caduceus, Punic legend qrthdst (“Carthage”) below (partially off flan), dotted border / Palm tree with drooping fronds, small date clusters, and tapering trunk. Jenkins, SNR 53 (1974) 17Y (O4/R17) (this coin). Ratto Auction (4 April 1927) 445 (same dies). Obverse slightly off-center. Head and torso of Nike struck a bit flatly. Toned. Nearly extremely fine $3,500 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 33, 5 April 2006, lot 108.

94. Circa 410-392 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.99 gm). Forepart of unbridled horse left, grain ear before, Nike above, flying left to crown horse / Palm tree with thick trunk, drooping fronds, and large date clusters close to trunk, Punic legend qrthdst (“Carthage”) divided by trunk. Jenkins, SNR 53 (1974) 30 (O8/R29) = SNG Lloyd 1607. Very rare, only two specimens from this reverse die documented by Jenkins. Toned. Very fine / nearly very fine $2,750 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 64, 24 September 2003, lot 69.

95. Panormos. Circa 405-380 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.37 gm). Charioteer driving fast quadriga right, holding short kentron, Nike above, flying left, double exergual line, hippocamp and Punic legend sys (“shining”) in exergue, dotted border / Head of Arethusa left, hair bound with ampyx, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, three dolphins around. Jenkins, SNR 50 (1971) 31 (O7/R27). SNG ANS 538 (same obverse die). Struck on a tight flan. Die breaks on obverse. Beautifully toned. Good very fine $1,750 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 67, 22 September 2004, lot 316. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

96. Circa 360-340 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.06 gm). Charioteer walking slow quadriga left, Nike above, flying left to crown horses, Punic legend sys (â&#x20AC;&#x153;shiningâ&#x20AC;?) in exergue / Head of Arethusa right, wearing ampyx, triple pendant earring, and pearl necklace, five dolphins around. Jenkins, SNR 50, 48 (O12/R39) = SNG Lloyd 1908. SNG ANS 539 (same dies). Obverse die break. Good very fine $2,000

97. Rash Melqart. Circa 350-305 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.93 gm). Charioteer driving fast quadriga left, leaning forward, holding kentron, horses fairly level, Nike above, flying right to crown driver, Punic legend rsmlqrt in exergue / Head of Arethusa right, hair bound with ampyx, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, two dolphins in right field, grain in left field, dotted border. Jenkins, SNR 50 (1971) 17 (O8/R14) = SNG Lloyd 1597. Dark toning. Good very fine $2,000

98. Circa 350-305 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.03 gm). Charioteer driving fast quadriga right, leaning forward, holding long kentron, horses rearing, Nike above, flying left to crown driver, Punic legend rsmlqrt in exergue / Head of Arethusa right, hair in corkscrew curls and wreathed with grain leaves, wearing large triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, four dolphins around (one off flan), dotted border. Jenkins, SNR 50 (1971), 43 (O16/R33). Cambridge McC 3051 (same obverse die). Dark toning. Good very fine $1,750

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99. Circa 350-305 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.18 gm). Charioteer driving fast quadriga right, horses with very high hindquarters and elongated trunks, Nike above, flying left to crown driver, double exergue line, Punic legend rsmlqrt (retrograde) in exergue / Head of Arethusa left, hair wreathed with grain leaves, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, four dolphins around. Jenkins, SNR 50 (1971), 64 (O21/R49) = SNG Lloyd 1606. Toned. Good very fine $1,750

100. Circa 350-305 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.21 gm). Charioteer driving fast quadriga right, leaning very far forward, holding long kentron, horses rearing, Nike above, flying left to crown driver, holding wreath, Punic legend rsmlqrt in exergue / Head of Arethusa right, hair in corkscrew curls and wreathed with grain leaves, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, four dolphins around, dotted border. Jenkins, SNR 50 (1971) 68 (O23/R51) = BMC Sicily page 252, 8. Nearly extremely fine $3,500

101. Military mint. Circa 330 to circa 320 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.68 gm). Head of Arethusa left, of good Greek style, hair wreathed with grain leaves, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace / Horse leaping right, palm tree behind with date bunches, heavy base line. Jenkins, SNR 56 (1977), 123 (O42/R111). Niggeler 541 (same dies). Die break at rear hooves of horse. Reverse struck from slightly worn die. Light iridescent tone. Good very fine $4,000

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102. After 320 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.13 gm). Head of Arethusa left, hair wreathed in grain leaves, wearing triple pendant earring and pearl necklace, four dolphins around, dotted border / Head of horse left, palm tree to right with short fronds, small date clusters, and long trunk, Punic legend ‘mmhnt (“people of the camp”) below, in large letters. Jenkins, SNR 56 (1977) 168 (O50/R149). SNG Lloyd 1635 (same dies). Exceptionally clear Punic inscription. Extremely fine $3,000

103. Uncertain mint. Circa 300-289 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.73 gm). Head of Melqart-Herakles right, wearing lion-skin headdress / Head of horse left, pellet below horse’s chin, palm tree in right field, Punic legend mhsbm (“quaesters”) below. Jenkins, SNR 57 (1978) 343 (O110/R281, this coin). Very rare, the only example of this die combination documented by Jenkins. Some striking flatness at edges. Toned. Extremely fine $2,500 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica Auction L, 18 May 2001, lot 1276.

104. Circa 300-289 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.81 gm). Head of Melqart-Herakles right, wearing lion-skin headdress / Head of horse left, palm tree in right field, Punic legend mhsbm (“quaesters”) below. Jenkins, SNR 57 (1978) 392 (O120/R320). SNG Lewis 430. Nearly extremely fine $1,500

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105. THRACO-MACEDONIAN TRIBES. Bisaltai. Circa 475-460 BC. Silver oktadrachm (28.47 gm). B - ΙΣΑΛ - T -I - [K] - O - [N], bridled horse prancing right, on his far side nude warrior standing right, shoulders facing, wearing kausia and holding two spears horizontally / Shallow quadripartite incuse. Cf. AMNG III/2, p. 48, 1, pl. xii, 3. Cf. Svoronos p. 106, 1, pl. xi, 1-3. Rare. Excellent strike from fresh dies. Iridescent toning. Extremely fine $15,000 Ex Gemini V, 6 January 2009, lot 57; Jacob Stein Collection and Cincinnati Art Museum exhibit, no. 19.

106. Mygdones or Krestones. Circa 485-480 BC. Silver stater (8.87 gm). Goat kneeling right, head reverted, dotted rosette above, pelleted border / Quadripartite incuse square. Lorber, Goats, Issue 4. AMNG III 4 (Aigai). Asyut 150 (Aigai). Nicely toned. Extremely fine $7,500 Ex Triton VIII, 10 January 2005, lot 225.

107. MACEDON. Akanthos. Circa 525-470 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.28 gm). Bull crouching right, head raised, attacked by lion leaping left onto its back, sinking teeth and claws into bull’s hindquarters, flower below exergual line / Quadripartite incuse square, partially filled. Boston 516. Gulbenkian 391. Mitchiner Early Coinage, 991. Desneux cf. pl. VI, 14. Struck in high relief. Light encrustations on portion of reverse. Beautifully toned. Nearly extremely fine $15,000 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 33, 5 April 2006, lot 113; Numismatica Ars Classica 23, 19 March 2002, lot 1168. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

108. MACEDONIAN KINGDOM. Archelaos I (413-399 BC). Silver stater (10.74 gm). Head of Apollo right, hair bound with tainia / APXE - ΛΑ - [O], horse walking right, trailing rein before, linear frame within incuse square. Westermark, Essays CarsonJenkins, group II, series 2 (O77/R93). SNG ANS 65-69. With a fine portrait in high relief. Attractive iridescent tone. Nearly extremely fine / very fine $3,000

109. Philip II (359-336 BC). Silver tetradrachm (14.36 gm). Amphipolis, circa 323-315 BC. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / ΦΙΛΙΠ - ΠοΥ, youth cantering horse right, holding palm frond in right hand, reins in left, ΤΕ in monogram below, Λ below raised foreleg, dotted border. Le Rider plate 45, 15. Nearly extremely fine $1,250

110. Silver tetradrachm (14.22 gm). Amphipolis, circa 323-315 BC. Laureate and bearded head of Zeus right / ΦΙΛΙΠ - ΠοΥ, youth cantering horse right, holding palm frond in right hand, reins in left, wreath below, Λ below raised foreleg, linear border. Le Rider plate 45, 22. Extremely fine $1,500

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111. Alexander III the Great (336-323 BC). Gold stater (8.55 gm). Miletos, circa 323 to circa 319 BC. Helmeted head of Athena right, snake on helmet / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡοΥ in right field, Nike standing left, holding wreath in outstretched right hand, stylis in left, monogram in left field, double-axe in right field below wing. Price 2114. Good very fine $2,000

112. Gold stater (8.47 gm). Miletos, circa 323 to circa 319 BC. Helmeted head of Athena right, snake on helmet / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡοΥ in right field, Nike standing left, holding wreath in outstretched right hand, stylis in left, monogram in left field, double-axe in right field below wing. Price 2114. Nearly extremely fine $2,500

113. Gold stater (8.58 gm). Susa, circa 320 to circa 316 BC. Helmeted head of Athena right, snake on helmet / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡοΥ / ΒΑΣΙ - ΛΕΩΣ, Nike standing left, holding wreath in outstretched right hand, stylis in left, ΛΑ in left field below wing, monogram in right field below wing. Price 3845. Some minor striking flatness. Otherwise nearly extremely fine $2,250

114. Gold stater (8.52 gm). Memphis(?), circa 332-323 BC. Helmeted head of Athena right, snake on helmet / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡοΥ in right field, Nike standing left, holding wreath in outstretched right hand, stylis in left, uncertain device in left field, Ε above rose below left wing, Υ in right field below wing. Cf. Price 3965 (griffin on helmet, rose in left field). Very rare. Obverse struck sharply and in high relief. Tiny die break on cheek of Athena. Extremely fine $3,500 Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

115. Silver tetradrachm (17.16 gm). Side(?), circa 325-320 BC. Head of young Herakles left, wearing lion-skin headdress with paws knotted at neck / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, Zeus seated left on high-backed throne, holding scepter in left hand, and eagle perched on outstretched right, wreath in left field, ΔΙ under throne. Price 2949. Nearly extremely fine $750

116. Silver tetradrachm (17.22 gm). “Amphipolis,” circa 320-317 BC. Head of young Herakles left, wearing lion-skin headdress with paws knotted at neck / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡοΥ, Zeus seated left on high-backed throne, holding scepter in left hand, and eagle perched on outstretched right, wreath in left field, monogram under throne. Price 132. Nearly mint state $1,500

117. Silver tetradrachm (17.27 gm). “Pella,” circa 315-310 BC. Head of young Herakles left, wearing lion-skin headdress with paws knotted at neck / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, Zeus seated left on high-backed throne, holding scepter in left hand, and eagle perched on outstretched right, Boeotian shield in left field, coiled snake left under throne. Price 249. SNG Copenhagen 728. Lightly toned. Nearly mint state $1,750

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118. Silver tetradrachm (17.15 gm, 29 mm). Pella, circa 280-275 BC. Head of young Herakles left, wearing lion-skin headdress with paws knotted at neck / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, Zeus seated left on high-backed throne, feet on footstool, holding scepter in left hand, and eagle perched on outstretched right, grapes and monogram in left field, kantharos under throne. Price 598. Extremely fine $1,500

119. Philip III (323-317 BC). Gold stater (8.55 gm). Abydos(?). Helmeted head of Athena right, snake right on helmet / ΦΙΛΙΠΠοΥ in right field, Nike standing left, holding wreath in outstretched right hand, stylis in left, monogram above snake right in left field. Price P31. Extremely fine $3,000

120.

121.

120. THRACIAN KINGDOM. Lysimachos (323-281 BC). Gold stater (8.24 gm). Tomis, time of Mithridates VI, circa 88-86 BC. Diademed head of deified Alexander III right, resembling Mithridates, with horn of Ammon / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ, Athena seated left, holding Nike in right hand, resting left arm on shield, transverse spear behind, ΘΕΜ in inner left field, ΤΟ under throne, trident with dolphins in exergue. SNG Copenhagen 1091. AGMN 2480. Müller 273. Extremely fine $1,250 121. Gold stater (8.22 gm). Tomis, time of Mithridates VI, circa 88-86 BC. Diademed head of deified Alexander III right, resembling Mithridates, with horn of Ammon / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ, Athena seated left, holding Nike in right hand, resting left arm on shield, transverse spear behind, ΘΕΜ in inner left field, ΤΟ under throne, trident with dolphins in exergue. SNG Copenhagen 1091. AGMN 2480. Müller 273. Attractive iridescent tone. Nearly extremely fine $1,250

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122. Gold stater (8.24 gm). Istros, time of Mithridates VI, circa 88-86 BC. Diademed head of deified Alexander III right, resembling Mithridates, with horn of Ammon / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ, Athena seated left, holding Nike in right hand, resting left arm on shield, transverse spear behind, ΔΙ in inner left field, ΙΣ under throne, trident with dolphins in exergue. SNG Copenhagen 1094. AGMN 482. Müller 285. Good extremely fine $1,500

123. Silver tetradrachm (17.12 gm). Lampsakos, circa 297/6-282/1 BC. Head of deified Alexander III right, with horn of Ammon over diadem / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ, Athena seated left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet, holding Nike in right hand, and resting left arm on grounded shield decorated with gorgoneion, inverted spear leaning against seat, ΔΕΞ (or ΔΕΞI) in monogram before, crescent moon facing left in exergue. Thompson, Mints 49. Müller 399 (Sigeum). An especially attractive specimen, well struck with beautiful iridescent tone. Vertical scratch behind portrait, otherwise extremely fine $6,000

124. Silver tetradrachm (17.10 gm). Pergamon(?). Head of deified Alexander III right, with horn of Ammon over diadem / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ, Athena seated left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet, holding Nike in right hand, and resting left arm on grounded shield decorated with gorgoneion, inverted spear leaning against seat, AP in tiny letters in exergue. Perhaps unpublished. Lightly toned. Extremely fine $3,000 Ex Gemini V, 6 January 2009, lot 552; Robert O. Ebert Collection. 48

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125. LATER THRACIAN KINGDOMS. Kotys II(?) (circa 57-48 BC). Silver tetradrachm (16.81 gm). Wreathed head of Dionysos right/ XAPAKTHP KOTYOC, nude Herakles standing left, leaning on club with right hand and holding lion-skin over left elbow, row of pellets below ground line. Youroukova 145, Lukanc 1924-1926. Extremely rare. Lightly toned. Good very fine $2,500 Ex Leu 79, 31 October 2000, lot 106. Several Thracian rulers were named Kotys, so the specific king who struck this coin is uncertain. Cicero (in Pisonem) mentions that a king Kotys bribed the Roman governor Calpurnius Piso to assassinate a prominent noble in the Besse tribe. The interesting reverse legend translates to the “die of Kotys.”

126. ISLANDS OFF THRACE. Thasos. 500-480 BC. Silver stater (9.22 gm). Satyr running right, carrying off protesting nymph / Quadripartite incuse square. Le Rider, Thasiennes 2. SNG Copenhagen 1008-1009. SNG Lloyd 1806. Lightly toned. Good very fine $2,250

127. ATTICA. Athens. Circa 454-415 BC. Silver tetradrachm (17.12 gm). Head of Athena right with frontal eye, wearing crested Attic helmet decorated with three olive leaves above visor and spiral palmette on bowl, round earring with central boss, and wire necklace / AΘE, owl standing right, facing head cocked slightly to left, olive sprig and crescent moon behind, outlines of square die visible. SNG Copenhagen 31. An exceptional example. A few minor die flaws on obverse. Lustrous. Extremely fine $2,500 Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

128.

129.

129. 128. Timarchos, Nikagoras, and Lysias, magistrates. 134/3 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.81 gm). New style stephanephoros. Head of Athena right, wearing triple-crested Attic helmet and pendant earring, dotted border / Α - ΘΕ, owl right, head facing, standing on amphora, ΤΙΜ - ΑΡΧΟΥ / ΝΙΚΑΓΟ / ΛΥΣΙΑ across field, anchor facing downward with star to right in left field, Ι on amphora, ΜΕ below, all enclosed within wreath. Thompson 365a (same dies). Svoronos, Monnaies pl. 50, 6 (same dies). Extremely fine $1,750

129. Polycharmos, Nikogenes, and Themistokles, magistrates. 133/2 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.84 gm). New style stephanephoros. Head of Athena right, wearing triple-crested Attic helmet, dotted border / Α - ΘΕ, owl right, head facing, standing on amphora, ΠΟΛΥ - ΧΑΡΜ / ΝΙΚΟ[Γ] / ΤΗΕΜΙ[Σ] / ΤΟΚΛ[Η] across field, winged caduceus in left field, Ι on amphora, ΣΦ below, all enclosed within wreath. Thompson 379b (same dies). Extremely fine $1,750

130. ARGOLIS. Argos. Circa 330-270 BC. Silver obol (0.86 gm). Head of wolf left, teeth bared, Σ (retrograde) above / large A, Π Ρ across upper field, club left below, all within incuse square. BCD Peloponnesos 1090-1091. Toned. Nearly extremely fine $300 Ex Dr. Charles L. Ruby Collection (Superior, Part 2, 17-22 June 1974, lot 218).

131. Epidauros. Circa 300-275 BC. Silver hemidrachm (2.54 gm). Laureate head of Asklepios left / ΕΠ in monogram (retrograde) in laurel wreath. Requier, SNR 72 (1993) 85 (D3/R3) (same dies). SNG Copenhagen 114 (same dies). Scattered light porosity in obverse field. Toned. Good very fine $450

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132. MYSIA. Kyzikos. Circa 500-450 BC. Electrum stater (15.99 gm). Winged dog seated left, head reverted, tunny fish left below / Quadripartitite incuse. Von Fritze 104. Boston MFA 1433. Extremely rare and the best of a handful of known examples. Good very fine $17,500 Ex Leu 54, 28 April 1992, lot 116.

133. Circa 500-450 BC. Electrum hekte (2.72 gm). Head of ephebe left on diskos, tunny left below / Mill sail incuse. Von Fritze 105. Boston 1476. Very rare and surely the finest known example. Good extremely fine $15,000

134. Circa 500-460 BC. Electrum hekte (2.69 gm). Silenos with equine tail kneeling left, holding tunny / Quadripartite incuse square. Von Fritze 122. Cf. BMFA 1461 (stater). Very rare. Good very fine $2,500

135. Parion. Fourth century BC. Silver hemidrachm (2.41 gm). Gorgoneion facing, six serpents around / ΠΑ / ΡΙ, cow standing left, head reverted, star below. SNG France 1372. SNG Copenhagen 263-264. Extremely fine $300

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136. AIOLIS. Kyme. Euktemon, magistrate. Circa 165-140 BC. Silver tetradrachm (16.26 gm). Head of Amazon Kyme right, wearing tainia / ΚΥΜΑΙΩΝ, bridled horse prancing right, one-handled Kymaean cup below, ΕΥΚΤΗΜΩΝ in exergue, all within wreath. Oakley, ANSMN 27 (1982) obverse die 55. Norman Davis Collection, ANS (1969) 206 (same obverse die). SNG Copenhagen —. Dark tone. Extremely fine $1,500

137. LESBOS. Mytilene. Circa 412-378 BC. Electrum hekte (2.52 gm). Head of Kybele right, wearing turreted crown decorated with palmettes and cruciform earring / Head of youthful Hermes right, wearing petasos secured with ties at chin, linear frame, all within incuse square. Bodenstedt 75 (a/—). SNG Copenhagen 327. Good very fine $1,750

138. Circa 377-326 BC. Electrum hekte (2.54 gm). Head of young Dionysos right, wearing wreath with three upper and four lower lateral ivy leaves and frontal blossom / Head of youth right, with band in hair holding horn above crown of head, linear square. Bodenstedt 81 (—/—). SNG Copenhagen 322. Slight die wear. Extremely fine $1,750

139. Circa 377-326 BC. Electrum hekte (2.56 gm). Laureate head of Zeus Meilichios right, forepart of snake before mouth / Bust of Nike facing, head right, two stars, all within linear square. Bodenstedt 101 (d/—). SNG von Aulock 1712. Rare. Reverse a little off-center. Extremely fine $5,000

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140. Circa 377-326 BC. Electrum hekte (2.54 gm). Head of youth right, with ram’s horn / Eagle standing right, head reverted, all within linear square. Bodenstedt 104 (—/—). SNG von Aulock 1727. Extremely fine $2,000

WITHDRAWN

141. IONIA. Klazomenai. Circa 387-360 BC. Silver hemidrachm (2.23 gm). Laureate head of Apollo facing slightly left / Swan standing left, wings lifted, [Α]ΠΟΛΛΑΣ (magistrate) above. SNG Copenhagen 18-21. Cf. SNG Lockett 2793 (ΚΛΑ below, ram’s head in left field). Rare. Tiny edge knock. Beautifully toned. Nearly extremely fine $1,000

142. Miletos. Circa 600-550 BC. Electrum twenty-fourth stater (0.61 gm). Lion scalp facing / Irregular incuse punch. Klein 416. SNG Kayhan 454. Attractive. Nearly extremely fine $700 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 52, 7 October 2009, lot 172; Münzen & Medaillen List 505, Basel 1987, lot 88.

143. Smyrna. Moschos, magistrate. Circa second century BC. Silver tetradrachm (15.64 gm). Turreted head of Tyche right / ΖΜΥΡΝΑΙΩΝ, lion right, with raised left forepaw, ΜΟΣΧΟΣ in exergue, all within laurel wreath. SNG von Aulock 2164. Rare. Lightly porous and with a few minor surface marks. Flan crack at 6:30 (obverse). Very fine $1,500 Ex Numismatic Fine Arts Winter Mail Bid Sale, 14 December 1989, lot 586.

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144. ISLANDS OFF CARIA. Rhodes. Rhodos. Ainetor, magistrate. Circa 205-190 BC. Silver drachm (2.72 gm). Head of Helios facing slightly right / Rose with bud to right, ΑΙΝΗΤΩΡ above, butterfly in left field, Ρ — Ο divided by stem. Ashton 282. SNG Keckman 586-587. SNG Copenhagen 774-775. Attractively toned. Extremely fine $400

145. SELEUCID KINGDOM. Seleukos I Nikator (312-281 BC). Silver tetradrachm (17.01 gm). Susa, circa 305-295 BC. Helmeted bust of hero right, assimilating Dionysos, Alexander, and Seleukos, wearing helmet covered with panther skin and adorned with bull’s horns and ear, panther skin tied around neck / [ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ] ΣΕΛΕΥΚΟΥ, Nike standing right, crowning trophy of arms, M to lower left, AX between Nike and trophy. SC 174.14. ESM (Persepolis) 420. A few minor marks. Dark toning. Nearly extremely fine $7,000

146. Antiochos I (281-261 BC). Silver tetradrachm (16.58 gm). Aï Khanoum, circa 280-268 BC. Diademed head of Antiochus I right / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ, bridled head of horned horse right, with flame-like forelock, control OΔ in composition before. SC 428. ESM 677. Extremely rare. Very fine / nearly very fine $6,500

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147. Alexander I Balas (152-145 BC). Silver “marriage” tetradrachm (17.01 gm). Ptolemaïs (Ake), circa 150 BC. Jugate busts right of Cleopatra Thea as Tyche, diademed, veiled, and wearing kalathos, with cornucopiae over far shoulder, and Alexander I, diademed, monogram in left field, fillet border / BAΣΙΛΕ — ΩΣ / ΑΛΕΞΑΝ — ΔΡΟΥ on right, ΘΕ — ΟΠΑΤΟΡΟΣ / ΕΥΕΡΓ[Ε] — ΤΟΥ on left, Zeus enthroned left on high-backed chair, holding in extended right hand a facing Nike bearing thunderbolt, and in left hand a scepter. Houghton/Lorber, SC 1841 = Houghton, CSE 407 (this coin). Le Rider “L’enfant-roi Antiochos et la reine Laodice,” Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 110 (1986), p. 415, note 41, this coin mentioned. Cf. SNG Copenhagen 267 (same obverse die) and NC 1904, p. 307, 30 (same reverse die). Very rare. A couple of light scratches. Very fine plus $40,000 Ex Leu 52, 15 May 1991, lot 119; Numismatic Fine Arts XVIII (Part I), 31 March 1987, lot 534; Arthur Houghton Collection. Alexander I Balas cemented his alliance with Ptolemy VI by marriage to Ptolemy’s daughter Cleopatra Thea circa 150 BC. Five years later Ptolemy broke the alliance, backing a new claimant to the Seleucid throne, Demetrius II. Scarcely twenty “marriage” tetradrachms are known to exist. They are struck from only three obverse dies, all exhibiting a freshness that would point to a very brief issue.

148. Silver tetradrachm (16.74 gm). “Antioch on the Persian Gulf,” 150-145 BC. Diademed head of Alexander I right, fillet border / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ / ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡο [Υ], nude Apollo seated left on omphalos, holding arrow in right hand, resting left on bow, monogram in outer left field, monogram in outer right field. Mørkholm, Seleucid (A4/P4). Houghton/Lorber SC 1866.4. CSE 1101. Very rare. Reverse struck from a worn die. Toned. Good very fine $2,000

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149. JUDAEA. First Jewish War (AD 66-70). Silver shekel (13.93 gm). Year 3 = 68/9. Temple vessel with nine pearls on rim, date above, Palaeo-Hebrew legend (“Shekel of Israel”) around / Three fruits on branch of pomegranate tree, Palaeo-Hebrew legend (“Jerusalem the Holy”) around. Hendin 1361. TJC 202. AJC 18. Of good metal. Obverse struck a little off-center. A few light marks. Extremely fine $3,000

150. PERSIA. Achaemenid Empire. Time of Darios I to Xerxes I. Circa 505-480 BC. Silver siglos (5.29 gm). Hero-king kneeling right, wearing radiate tiara, drawing bow / Incuse oblong punch. Carradice Type II (pl. XI, 12). BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 23. Rare. Toned. Good very fine $1,250 Ex Nomos Auction 2, 18 May 2010, lot 137; Belleria Collection (Triton VII, 13 January 2004, lot 365).

151. PARTHIAN KINGDOM. Artabanos IV (216-224 AD). Silver drachm (3.73 gm). Diademed bust of Artabanos IV left with forked beard, wearing tiara with earflap decorated with star surrounded by pellets / Enthroned archer right, holding bow, monogram below bow, blundered legend with Aramaic (“King Artabanos”) replacing top line. Shore 467. Sellwood 90.1. Rare. Toned. Nearly extremely fine $2,000

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152. GRAECO-BACTRIAN. Heliokles I (circa 145-130 BC). Silver tetradrachm (16.81 gm). Diademed, draped bust of Heliokles I right / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΗΛΙοΚΛΕοΥΣ ΔΙΚΑΙοΥ, Zeus standing half-left, wearing himation, holding winged thunderbolt, and grasping lotus-tipped scepter, ΚΔΡ in monogram in left field. Bopearachchi 1U. SNG ANS 642-48. Possessing an unusually good portrait. Very slightly double-struck. Small test cut at 2:30 (obverse) on edge. Nearly extremely fine / good very fine $2,000

153. KINGS OF KHW AREZM. Artav (Artabanos). First century AD. Silver tetradrachm (13.54 gm). Diademed and bearded bust of Artav right, wearing helmet with neckguard and decorative cuirass, crown-bearing Nike hovering behind, arc before, fillet border / IVIVEΩIEMEΛVVI around, EIΛVIΛV across (blundered Greek legend), diademed king wearing helmet with neckguard, armed with spear, holding rein of saddled horse stepping right, tamgha behind. M. Federov, “Money Circulation of Khwarezm in the Ancient Period,” ONS Newsletter 182 (Winter 2005), p. 18. Vainberg, pl. xxii, Group A III. R. B. Whitehead, “Notes on the Indo-Greeks, Part II,” NC 1947, p. 38, fig. 3. Extremely rare, only a handful of specimens recorded. Good very fine $12,000 The coinage of Khwarezm melds a variety of types that circulated in the central Asian region, most prominently those of Bactria and Parthia. The extremely rare tetradrachm of Artav displays on its obverse a bust crowned by Nike, reminiscent of the images on Parthian drachms of the first century BC, and on its reverse shows a king on horseback in the manner of the later Bactrian and Indo-Scythian issues.

154. PTOLEMAIC KINGDOM. Ptolemy III (246-222 BC). Gold mnaieion (27.77 gm). Alexandria, by Ptolemy IV (221-205). Bust of deified Ptolemy III right, wearing radiate diadem and aegis, trident with lotus finial behind, dotted border / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ — ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙOΥ, radiate and filleted cornucopiae, ΔI between base and tie to right, dotted border. Svoronos 1117. SNG Cop. 196. BMFA 2283. Extremely fine / nearly extremely fine with some scattered die rust (formerly in NGC holder: Ch XF, Strike 5/5, Surface 3/5, fine style) $12,500 Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

155. Berenike II, wife of Ptolemy III (246-222 BC). Gold 2 ½ drachms (10.70 gm). Alexandria, after 241. Diademed, draped and veiled bust of Berenike II right, dotted border / ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ — ΒΕΡΕΝΙΚΗΣ, filleted cornucopiae with both ties depending to right, six-pointed star to either side. Svoronos 979 and pl. xxix, 7 (same dies). BMC 3 (same dies). BMFA 2279. Very rare. A few stains, otherwise nearly extremely fine $15,000

156.

157.

156. Ptolemy VI Philometor (180-145 BC). Silver tetradrachm (14.22 gm). Arados(?). CY 91 = 169/8 BC. Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, wearing aegis around neck, dotted border / ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ, eagle standing left on thunderbolt, monogram (date) in left field. Svoronos 1207. SNG Copenhagen 548 (same obverse die). Mørkholm, Ptolemaic 167 variant (A45/P— [unlisted reverse die]). Extremely fine $1,100 157. Ptolemy X Alexander (101-88 BC). Silver tetradrachm (13.65 gm). Alexandria, 96/5 BC. Diademed head of Ptolemy I right / ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛ[ΕΩΣ], eagle standing left on thunderbolt, date L IΘ (year 19) before, ΠΑ behind. Svoronos 1679. SNG Copenhagen 368. Nicely toned. A patch of encrustation near reverse edge at 4:00. Good very fine $500

ROMAN COINS

158. ROMAN REPUBLIC. Quadrigatus. Sicily, circa 214 BC. Silver didrachm (6.42 gm). Laureate head of Janus with curving indentation at neck and wispy sideburns, two micro-annulets at top of head, dotted border / Jupiter standing in quadriga driven by Victory right, wielding thunderbolt, and holding scepter, ear of grain below, ROMA in relief in quadrilateral frame thereunder, linear border. RRC 42/1. Sydenham 66. RSC 24a. An extremely rare variety. Lightly toned. Some flatness on reverse. Good very fine / very fine $1,250 58

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159. L. Sempronius Pitio. Circa 145 BC. Silver denarius (3.92 gm). Helmeted head of Roma right, PITIO behind, X under chin / Dioscuri on horseback right, holding couched spears, L. SEMP (partially in monogram) below horses, ROMA on outlined tablet below. RRC 216/1. RSC Sempronia 2. RCV 91. Sydenham 402. Lovely iridescent tone. Extremely fine $750

160. Q. Minucius Thermus M.f. Circa 100 BC. Silver denarius (4.03 gm). Helmeted head of Mars left / Q• THERM M F (M F in ligature), two warriors fighting, warrior on left protecting fallen comrade, warrior on right wearing horned helmet. RSC Minucia 19. Crawford 319/1. Sydenham 592. Nearly extremely fine $500 Ex Empire Coins Auction 6, 14 November 1986, lot 266.

161. C. Considius Nonianus. Circa 57 BC. Silver denarius (3.98 gm). Laureate, diademed, and draped bust of Venus Erycina right, wearing cruciform earring and bead necklace, strand of hair falling across neck, C• CONSIDI• NONIANI behind, S•C before / Tetrastyle temple of Venus Erycina on rocky prominence, city wall in foreground, two towers at sides and open archway in center surmounted by three turrets, ERVC thereabove. RRC 424/1. RCV 381. Scarce. Toned. Nearly extremely fine $1,250

162. Mn. Acilius Glabrio. Circa 49 BC. Silver denarius (3.87 gm). Laureate head of Salus right, wearing cruciform earring and bead necklace, SALVTIS upward behind / MN• ACILIVS III• VIR• VALETV (TV ligatured), Valetudo standing half-left before low column, holding snake. RRC 442/1a. RCV 412. Beautiful iridescent tone. Extremely fine $750 Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

163. ROMAN IMPERATORIAL. Julius Caesar (†44 BC). Silver denarius (3.80 gm). Gallia Transalpina, spring-summer 49. Elephant with segmented ear of moderate size, long tusk, and wrinkled legs and tail walking right on ground line, raising trunk into loop above, serpentine creature rising from ground before, CAESAR in exergue / Pontifical emblems: simpulum, sprinkler, securis terminating in lupine head, and apex. RRC 443/1. CRI 9. Extremely fine with a light iridescent tone $1,250

164. Silver denarius (3.74 gm). Gallia Transalpina, spring-summer 49. Elephant with ear of moderate size and long tusk standing right on ground line, raising trunk into loop above, serpentine creature rising from ground before, CAESAR in exergue / Pontifical emblems: simpulum, sprinkler, securis terminating in lupine head, and apex. RRC 443/1. CRI 9. Beautifully toned. Nearly extremely fine $1,000 Ex Alex G. Malloy Mail Bid Sale, 28 February 1972, lot 182.

165. Mark Antony (†30 BC). Silver denarius (3.76 gm, 11h). Ephesus, by M. Barbatius Pollio, spring-early summer 41. Bare head of Antony right, M• ANT• IMP• AVG• III• VIR• R• P• C• M• RARBAT• Q• P• (MP and AV ligatured) around / Bare head of Octavian right, with long sideburn, CAESAR• IMP• PONT• III• VIR• R• P• C• around. Crawford 517/2. CRI 243. Good extremely fine $5,000

166. Octavian (†AD 14). Silver denarius (3.82 gm). Italy (Rome?), circa 32-29 BC. Winged bust of Victoria right / CAESAR DIVI F, Octavian as Neptune standing left, nude but for cloak fastened at neck, resting right foot on globe with two latitudinal and two longitudinal lines, parazonium at left side depending from strap over right shoulder, holding aplustre and grounded scepter. RIC 256 (S). BN 12-17. Minor granularity on reverse. Lightly toned. Extremely fine $2,500 60

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167. Octavian and Divus Julius Caesar. Bronze dupondius (18.76 gm). Vienna in Gaul, circa 36 BC. IMP CAESAR DIVI F DIVI IVLI, back to back bare heads of Caesar left and Octavian right / C• I• V, prow of quinquireme right. RPC I 517. SNG Copenhagen 703-704. Olive green and brown patina. Good very fine $3,000

168. ROMAN EMPIRE. Divus Augustus (†AD 14). Bronze as (10.83 gm). Rome, circa AD 22-30. DIVVS• AVGVSTVS• PATER, radiate head of Augustus left / S C PROVIDENT, altar enclosure with double doors and uncertain roof-ornaments. RIC (Tiberius) 81. Cohen 228. Green patina with red-brown at high points. Good very fine $600

169. Gaius (Caligula) (AD 37-41) and Agrippina Senior. Silver denarius (3.71 gm). Lugdunum, AD 37-38. C• CAESAR• AVG• GERM• P• M• TR• POT•, laureate head of Gaius right / AGRIPPINA• MAT• C• CAES• AVG• GERM•, draped bust of Agrippina right. RSC 2. RCV 1825. RIC 14. Good very fine $7,500

170. Galba (AD 68-69). Silver denarius (3.44 gm). Carthage. October, AD 68 or shortly thereafter. SER SVLPICIVS• GALBA• IMP• AVG, bare head of Galba right / HIS — PANIA SC, veiled head of Hispania right. RIC—. BN —. BMCRE—. Apparently unpublished and of the greatest rarity: the veiled portrait of Hispania represents a completely new depiction of her on denarii of Galba. Struck from crudely engraved dies, typical of this provincial mint in the earliest days of Galba’s rule. Nearly extremely fine $7,500 Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

170A. Silver denarius (3.52 gm). Rome, circa July 68-Jan 69. IMP SER GALBA CAESAR AVG, laureate head of Galba right / DIVA AVGVSTA, Livia standing left, holding patera in right hand, scepter in left. RSC 55. RIC 186. $3,000 Ex Triton V, 15-16 January 2002, lot 1899.

171. Orichalcum sestertius (26.45 gm). Rome, circa June-August AD 68. SER. GALBA. IMP. CAES. AVG TR P, laureate head of Galba right / S — C, Victory alighting left, holding palladium in right hand and palm branch in left. RIC 270. ACG 241. Lovely light green patina. Extremely fine $20,000 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica, 12 May 2004, lot 341.

172. Clodius Macer (AD 68). Silver denarius (3.63 gm). Carthage. April-October, AD 68. L• CLODI — MACRI SC, Libertas standing facing, head left, holding pileus in right hand and patera in left / LIB — LEG I— MAC — RIAN, aquila between two standards. Hewitt 34 (Group D/2, O17/R21; this reverse die [obverse not listed]). Cf. RIC 21 (reverse legend ends RIANA). Extremely rare and struck from an apparently unpublished obverse die. Nearly extremely fine $20,000

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173. Silver denarius (3.80 gm). Carthage, April-October AD 68. L. CLODIVS MACER around, C — S in fields, bare head right / PROPRA — E AFRICAE, galley underway to right. CNG 46 (1998), lot 1186 (same obverse die). Cf. Hewitt 48 (same reverse die). Cf. RIC 42 (S — C instead of C — S). Extremely rare, apparently from an unpublished die pairing and one of only a handful of Clodius Macer portrait denarii known to exist. Toned. Nearly extremely fine $60,000 Of all the coinages from the civil war of AD 68, those of Clodius Macer are the most intriguing. It is remarkable that he uses the formulaic abbreviation S C (Senatus Consulto) on his denarii, in this case mistakenly inverted, for this abbreviation otherwise had not appeared on Roman silver coins since about 40 BC. We may take this, along with his decision to depict himself without a laurel crown or diadem, as evidence that he wished to portray his revolt as being against Nero, not the Senate. Most coins of his contemporaries cling to the predictable themes of loyalty, unity, recovery and victory, but his are restorative, recalling an event of nearly a century before: the battle of Actium in 31 BC. The reverse of this denarius is copied from the obverse of Antony’s famous legionary coinage, of which the denarii were still to be commonly seen in circulation. Another of Macer’s coins replicates the reverse of Antony’s legionary coinage, depicting a legionary eagle between two standards. He was careful in his reproductions, for he even followed the arrangement of the inscriptions on Antony’s originals: the obverse, with the war galley, had borne Antony’s personal inscriptions, and the reverse, with the standards, had borne the names of various legions and specialized units. With Macer’s versions, the galley design bears his personal inscription (identifying himself as the Legatus Augusti Propraetore of Africa), and the eagle-and-standards type bears the names of two legions under his control, the Legion I Macriana and the Legion III Augusta.

174. Vespasian (AD 69-79). Silver denarius (3.38 gm). Lugdunum (Lyon), AD 70-71. IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG TR P, laureate head of Vespasian right / IVDAEA [DE]VICTA, captive Judaea standing left, draped, head bowed, hands bound in front of her, palm tree behind. RSC 243. RCV 2262. RIC 289. Very rare. Struck flatly in places. Toned. Good very fine $1,750 Ex Stack’s Auction, 5 December 2000, lot 210.

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175. Diva Marciana, sister of Trajan (†AD 112). Orichalcum sestertius (25.66 gm). Rome, AD 112. DIVA AVGVSTA MARCIANA, draped bust of Diva Marciana right, wearing stephane / CONSECRATIO, eagle standing to left, head slightly right, wings open, S C in exergue. RCV 3332. RIC (Trajan) 748. Very rare. Struck on a broad, medallic flan and possessing a sensitive portrait. Natural deep green patina. Nearly extremely fine $17,500

176. Hadrian (AD 117-138). Gold aureus (7.34 gm). Rome, circa 128-132. HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS PP, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Hadrian right / COS III in exergue, emperor on horseback right, right arm raised. RIC 348. BMCRE 504. Cohen 411. Nearly extremely fine $7,500 Ex Stack’s Public Auction Sale, 14-15 June 1971, lot 16.

177. Silver denarius (3.61 gm). Rome, circa 119-122. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG, laureate bust of Hadrian right, far shoulder draped / P M TR P C — OS III, veiled Pietas standing right, raising arms. RSC 1116. RIC 97. Good extremely fine and with a lovely portrait $1,000

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178. Silver denarius (3.48 gm). Rome, circa AD 125-128. HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS, laureate bust of Hadrian right, slight drapery on left shoulder / COS III, eagle standing left, head right, on thunderbolt. RSC 428. RIC 190. Beautiful iridescent toning. Extremely fine $800 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 72, 14 June 2006, lot 1469.

179. Silver denarius (3.13 gm). Circa 132-134. [HA]DRIANVS AVGVSTVS, bare head of Hadrian left / LIBERALITAS AVG COS III P P, Liberalitas standing half-right, emptying cornucopiae. RSC 919a. RIC 216 var. (bust type). Very rare. Extremely fine $750 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 61, 25 September 2002, lot 1791.

180. Silver denarius (3.30 gm). Rome, circa 134-138. HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P, bare head of Hadrian right / RES — T — ITVTORI HISPANIAE, togate emperor standing half-left, extending right hand to Hispania kneeling right with shouldered branch beside rabbit to right, and holding scroll in left. RSC 1270a. RIC 327 (S). Good extremely fine and exceptional $2,500

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181. Orichalcum sestertius (24.65 gm). Rome, 119-121. IMP CAESAR TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVG P M TR P COS III, laureate bust of Hadrian right, far shoulder draped / PROVID — ENTIA DEORVM, Hadrian standing left, about to receive scepter from eagle, holding scroll in left hand, S — C in fields. RCV 3625. RIC 589b (S). Attractive green-gray patina. Nearly extremely fine $6,000

182. Orichalcum sestertius (29.30 gm). Rome, AD 134-138. HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P, bare-headed and draped bust of Hadrian right / FORTVNAE REDVCI, Fortuna standing left, holding rudder, clasping hands with Hadrian standing right, holding scroll, SC in exergue. RCV 3601. RIC 761. Attractive natural olive green patina. A few light marks. Nearly extremely fine $4,000 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 27, 12 May 2004, lot 397.

183. Aelius as Caesar (AD 136-138). Silver denarius (3.14 gm). Rome, AD 137. L AELIVS CAESAR, bare head of Aelius right/ TR POT COS II, Concordia seated left, feet on ground (no footstool), holding patera in outstretched right hand and resting left elbow on cornucopia, CONCORD in exergue. BMCRE 982. Cohen 1 var. Cf. RIC (Hadrian) 436. Attractively toned. Extremely fine $1,500 Ex Hirsch 208, 17-19 February 2000, lot 2135.

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184. Antoninus Pius (AD 138-161). Bronze as (10.43 gm). Rome, 145-161. ANTONINVS AVG PI - VS P P TR P COS IIII, laureate head of Antoninus Pius right / SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI S• C in four lines within oak crown. RCV 4314. RIC 827a. Rare. Dark green patina. Extremely fine $2,000

185. Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-180). Silver denarius (3.32 gm). Rome, AD 161. IMP M AVREL ANTONINVS AVG, bare head of Marcus Aurelius right / CONCORD AVG TR P XV COS III, Concordia seated left, holding patera in right hand. RSC 30. RIC 2. Extremely fine $250

186. Clodius Albinus as Caesar (AD 193-195). Orichalcum sestertius (27.71 gm). Rome, AD 194/5. P. CLOD SEPT ALBIN CAES, bare head of Clodius Albinus right / MINERVA PACIF COS II S — C, Minerva Pacifero standing left, holding olive branch. RIC 54. BMCRE 535. Detailed strike, nearly perfect black patina. Certainly one of the finest sestertii of Albinus. Good extremely fine $35,000 Ex Helios Numismatik 2, 25 November 2008, lot 324.

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187. Julia Domna, mother of Caracalla (AD 211-217). Brass dupondius (12.63 gm). Rome, AD 214. IVLIA PIA FELIX AVG, diademed, draped bust of Julia Domna right / VESTA SC, Vestals sacrificing before temple of Vesta. RCV 7137. RIC (Caracalla) 607. BMCRE (Caracalla) 232. Cohen 234. Hill 1438. Rare. Dark green-brown patina. Extremely fine $3,500 Ex Freeman & Sear Mail Bid Sale 9, 16 July 2003, lot 633; Münzauktion Tkalec, 25 October 1996, lot 188.

188. Caracalla (AD 198-217). Orichalcum sestertius (26.68 gm). Rome, AD 211. M AVREL ANTONI - NVS PIVS AVG, laureate bust of Caracalla right with slight drapery on far shoulder / VICT BRIT TR P XIIII CS III S C, Victory standing right, foot on helmet, erecting trophy, to right, Britannia standing facing and British captive seated left on ground. RCV 6954. RIC p. 291, 483d. BMCRE p. 415, 266. Rare. Beautiful deep green patina. Extremely fine $25,000 Ex Freeman & Sear Fixed Price List 13, Winter 2008, no. 70. In AD 208, the emperor Septimius Severus led an expedition of some 20,000 legionaries and auxiliaries with the object of securing Caledonia for Rome. He took his quarreling sons Caracalla and Geta with him, hoping the hard life on campaign might curb their filial enmity. Leaving Geta in an administrative role in York, Severus and Caracalla pushed north of Hadrian’s Wall and into the Scottish Highlands, where the Caledonian tribes refused open battle and fought an effective guerilla war. The Romans, however, responded with brutal counterinsurgency tactics and by early AD 210 most of the enemy tribes were suing for peace. Severus and Caracalla imposed terms and pulled most of the army back to York, leaving Roman garrisons at several key forts. This “British Victory” provided the occasion for the striking of coins. The declaration proved premature, however, as rebellions flared as soon as the main Roman force had withdrawn. Caracalla returned late in AD 210 leading a punitive expedition, but his father’s deteriorating health prompted his recall to York. Upon the death of Severus on February 4, AD 211, his squabbling heirs Caracalla and Geta simply abandoned the campaign and returned to Rome. 68

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188. Enlargement

189. Geta (AD 209-211). Orichalcum sestertius (27.01 gm). Rome, AD 210. IMP CAES P SEPT GETA PIVS AVG, laureate head of Geta right / PONTIF TR P II COS II, Caracalla and Geta standing facing one another, each togate and veiled, between them a tripod, recumbent sacrificial bull, and piper playing double-flute, S C in exergue. RCV 7264. RIC 156a. BMCRE 214 (this coin). Beautiful olive brown patina. Extremely fine $15,000 Ex Numismatic Fine Arts XXXII, 10 June 1993, lot 327; Numismatic Fine Arts XIV, 29 November 1984, lot 497; British Museum Collection, 214; Rollin & Feuardent (1872), lot 2403.

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190. Julia Mamaea, mother of Severus Alexander (AD 222-235). Orichalcum sestertius (22.00 gm). Rome, AD 224. IVLIA MAMA — EA AVGVSTA, diademed, draped bust of Julia Mamaea right / VENVS FELIX, Venus enthroned left, holding small figure (Cupid?) in right hand and grasping scepter, S C in exergue. RCV 8233. RIC (Alexander) 701. Dark green patina. Extremely fine and an exceptional specimen $3,000 Ex Millon & Associés, 8 June 2007, lot 132.

191. Gordian I Africanus (AD 238). Orichalcum sestertius (19.41 gm). March-April, AD 238. IMP CAES M ANT GORDIANVS AFR AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Gordian I right / VICTORIA AVGG S — C, Victory advancing left, holding wreath in right hand and palm branch cradled in left arm. RIC 12. BMCRE 16. Very rare. Attractive natural pale green patina. Extremely fine $25,000

192. Philip I (AD 244-249). Orichalcum dupondius (9.89 gm). Rome, circa AD 248. IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I right / SAECVLARES AVGG around, S C across fields, cippus inscribed COS / III in two lines. RCV 9034. RIC 162c (S). Dark green patina with earthen highlights. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex Frank L. Kovacs Collection (Helios Numismatik 1, 17-18 April 2008, lot 354); Hirsch Auktion 197, 26-28 November 1997, lot 674. 70

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193. Bronze as (10.12 gm). Rome, circa AD 248. IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I right / SAECVLARIS AVGG around, S C across fields, cippus inscribed COS / III in two lines. RCV 9061. RIC 162b (S). Attractive green patina. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex Frank L. Kovacs Collection (Helios Numismatik 1, 17-18 April 2008, lot 356); F. S. Knobloch Collection (Stack’s, 1-3 May 1980, lot 1175).

194.

195.

194. Billon antoninianus (3.81 gm). Rome, AD 248. IMP PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I right, seen obliquely from behind / P M TR — P V COS III P P, Mars standing half-left in crested helmet, raising branch and resting arm against grounded spear and hand on grounded shield, officina letter A in left field. RCV 8949. RIC 7. Beautiful iridescent tone. Extremely fine $125 195. Otacilia Severa, wife of Philip I (AD 244-249). Silver antoninianus (3.51 gm). Rome, AD 244-245. MARCIA OTACIL SEVERA AVG, diademed, draped bust of Otacilia Severa right, on crescent / PVDICITIA AVG, Pudicitia enthroned left, drawing veil from face with right hand, and holding transverse scepter with left. RSC 53. RCV 9159. RIC 123c. With an exceptional portrait. The reverse struck from a worn die, otherwise good extremely fine $150

196. Philip II as Caesar (AD 244-247). Silver denarius (2.89 gm). M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES, bare-headed, draped bust of Philip II right / PRINCIPI IVVENT, Philip II in military dress standing half-right, with transverse spear and globe. RSC 53. RIC 216b (R3). Extremely rare. Toned. Slightly porous surfaces. Good very fine $5,000

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197. Trajan Decius (AD 249-251). Silver antoninianus (4.54 gm). Rome, circa AD 250. IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Trajan Decius right, dotted border / DACIA, Dacia standing facing, head left, holding draco standard in right hand, dotted border. RSC 16. RIC 12b. Good extremely fine $150

198. Orichalcum double sestertius (35.26 gm). Rome, AD 249-251. IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Trajan Decius right / FELICITAS SAECVLI, Felicitas standing facing, head left, holding long caduceus in right hand and cornucopiae in left arm, S â&#x20AC;&#x201D; C in fields. RCV 9395. RIC 115c. An exceptional specimen, struck on a broad flan. Beautiful green patina. Extremely fine $7,000 Ex Leu 54, 28 April 1992, lot 304; Leu 30, 28 April 1982, lot 437.

199. Probus (AD 276-282). Billon antoninianus (4.11 gm). Rome, AD 276-282. VIRTVS PR - OBI AVG, radiate, helmeted and cuirassed bust of Probus left, holding transverse spear in right hand and shield / ADVENTVS PROBI AVG, emperor in military attire riding horse left, right arm raised, holding scepter in left, captive sitting left below horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s raised foreleg, R in exergue. RIC 166. Struck in unusually high relief. Underlying silvering. Extremely fine $200

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A SELECTION OF FINE ARGENTEI FROM THE JT COLLECTION

200. Diocletian (AD 284-305). Silver argenteus (3.54 gm). Rome, circa AD 294. DIOCLET — IANVS AVG, laureate head of Diocletian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, tetrarchs sacrificing over altar before six-turreted enclosure. RSC 516†e. RCV 12617. RIC 27a. Light iridescent tone. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex JT Collection.

201. Silver argenteus (3.51 gm). Ticinum, circa AD 295. DIOCLETI — ANVS AVG, laureate head of Diocletian right / VICTORIA SARMAT, tetrarchs sacrificing over altar before six-turreted enclosure, pellet at top of archway . RSC 488d. RCV 12612. RIC 16a. Iridescent tone. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex JT Collection.

202. Silver argenteus (2.76 gm). Ticinum, circa AD 295. DIOCLETI - ANVS AVG, laureate head of Diocletian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, tetrarchs sacrificing over altar before six-turreted enclosure, pellet at top of archway. RSC 516†d. RCV 12617. RIC 18a. Well-struck and lustrous. Good extremely fine $1,500 Ex JT Collection.

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203. Silver argenteus (3.31 gm). Antioch, circa AD 297. DIOCLETI —- ANVS AVG, laureate head of Diocletian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, ANT• H below. RSC 520h. RCV 12168. RIC 39a. Scarce. Nearly extremely fine $1,000 Ex JT Collection.

204. Silver argenteus (3.23 gm). Serdica, AD 303/4-305. DIOCLETI - ANVS AVG, laureate head of Diocletian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, • SM• SDA• below. RSC 520b. RCV 12618. RIC 1a. Rare. Nearly mint state $1,750 Ex JT Collection.

205. Maximian, first reign (AD 286-305). Silver argenteus (2.73 gm). Rome, circa AD 294-305. MAXIMIA — NVS PF AVG, laureate head of Maximian right / VICTORI — A SARMAT, tetrarchs sacrificing over tripod before six-turreted enclosure. RSC 550a. RIC 20. Beautiful cobalt blue tone. Good extremely fine $2,000 Ex JT Collection.

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206. Silver argenteus (3.34 gm). Nicomedia, circa AD 295-296. MAXIMIA — NVS AVG, laureate head of Maximian right / VICTORIAE SARMATICAE, four-turreted camp gate with open doors thrown back and star above arch, SMNΓ in exergue. RSC 553c. RCV 13097. RIC 25b. A lovely example. Good extremely fine $1,500 Ex JT Collection.

207. Silver argenteus (3.39 gm). Antioch, circa AD 296. MAXIMIA — NVS AVG, laureate head of Maximian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, H in right field, ANT in exergue. RSC 627h. RCV 13099. RIC 35b. Extremely fine $1,250 Ex JT Collection.

208. Silver argenteus (3.41 gm). Ticenum, circa AD 300. MAXIMIA — NVS AVG, laureate head of Maximian right / XCVI, mint mark T below, all enclosed within wreath. RSC 298. RCV 13100. RIC 20b. Struck in unusually high relief. Lightly toned. Good extremely fine $2,500 Ex JT Collection.

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209. Silver argenteus (3.23 gm). Serdica, circa AD 303-305. MAXIMIA — NVS AVG, laureate head of Maximian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, •SM• SDE in exergue. RSC 627a. RCV 13099. RIC 1b. Rare. Nearly mint state $1,750 Ex JT Collection.

210. Silver argenteus (3.41 gm). Serdica, circa AD 303-305. MAXIMIA - NVS NOB C, laureate head of Maximian right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, •SM• SDΓ• in exergue. RSC —. RCV —. RIC 2B. Struck in high relief. Lightly toned. Good extremely fine $2,000 Ex JT Collection.

211. Silver argenteus (3.43 gm). Serdica, AD 305-306. Abdication issue. DN MAXIMI — ANO BS AVG, laureate bust of Maximian right, wearing imperial mantle, holding olive branch and mappa / PROVID• DEORVM QVIES AVGG, Providentia standing right, extending hand to Quies standing left, holding branch in right hand, and scepter in left, S — • — F across field, value mark B above exergual line, between figures, • SM• SD• in exergue. Seemingly unpublished. RSC —. Cf. RCV 13389 and RIC 10b (gold aureus with value mark Σ). Extremely rare. A few patches of light encrustation. Scratch between reverse figures. Good extremely fine $7,000 Ex JT Collection; Gorny & Mosch 180, 12 October 2009, lot 431; Numismatica Ars Classica 46, 2 April 2008, lot 691.

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212. Constantius I as Caesar (AD 293-305). Silver argenteus (3.27 gm). Antioch, AD 294-295. CONSTANTI — VS CAESAR, laureate head of Constantius I right / VICTORIAE SARMATICAE, tetrarchs sacrificing over altar before four-turreted enclosure, star in left field, officina mark S in right, ANT in exergue. Cf. RSC 291B and RCV 13954 (officina mark B). RIC 33a, note 3. Extremely fine $1,000 Ex JT Collection.

213. Silver argenteus (3.38 gm). Siscia, circa AD 295. CONSTAN — TIVS NOB C, laureate head of Constantius I right / VICTOR — IA AVGG, tetrarchs sacrificing over altar before seven-turreted enclosure, *SIS in exergue. RSC 283†. RCV 13945. RIC 57a. Good extremely fine $1,500 Ex JT Collection.

214. Silver argenteus (2.74 gm). Rome, circa AD 295-297. CONSTAN — TIVS CAES, laureate head of Constantius I right / VICTORI — A SARMAT, tetrarchs sacrificing over tripod before six-turreted enclosure, mint mark Z in exergue. Cf. RSC 286†d (mint mark A). RCV 13950. RIC 38a. A few light marks. Nice iridescent tone. Good extremely fine $1,250 Ex JT Collection.

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215. Billon antoninianus (3.61 gm). Siscia(?), 293-4. FL VAL CONSTANTIVS NOB C, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Constantius I right / PRAESID — IA REIPVBLIC, Caesar in military attire right, holding transverse spear and shield, with kneeling captive before, XXI in exergue. Cf. RIC 671 and RCV 13992 (two Caesars, Victory on globe, XXIA on reverse). Extremely rare, this inscription/type combination unpublished in the major references. Green-brown patina with traces of underlying silvering. Nearly extremely fine $2,500

216. Constantius I (AD 305-306). Silver argenteus (3.26 gm). Serdica, AD 305-306. CONSTAN — TIVS AVG, laureate head of Constantius I right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, •SM• SDΔ• in exergue. RSC 304A (misdescribed reverse legend). RCV 14169. RIC 11a. Rare. Lustrous. Mint state $1,750 Ex JT Collection.

217. Silver argenteus (3.06 gm). Serdica, AD 305-306. CONSTAN - TIVS AVG, laureate head of Constantius I right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate, open arch, no door, •SM• SDΓ• in exergue. RSC 304A (misdescribed reverse legend). RCV 14169. RIC 11a. Rare. Lustrous. Nearly mint state $1,500 Ex JT Collection.

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218. Galerius as Caesar (AD 293-305). Silver argenteus (2.98 gm). MAXIMIA — NVS CAES, laureate head of Galerius right / VIRTVS MILITVM, tetrarchs sacrificing over altar before six-turreted enclosure. RSC 219a. RCV 14264. Cf. RIC 29b (MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES on obverse). Lightly toned. Good extremely fine $1,500 Ex JT Collection.

219. Galerius (AD 305-311). Silver argenteus (3.20 gm). Alexandria, after AD 305. MAXIMIA — NVS AVG, laureate head of Galerius right / CONC — O — RDIA AVGG, crowned female figure standing left, holding bust of Serapis right in extended right hand, scepter in left, Δ in right field, ALE in exergue. Nomos Auction 3, 10 May 2011, lot 229 (same dies). Apparently unpublished in the major works of reference. Extremely rare. Lightly toned. Good extremely fine $7,500 Ex JT Collection; Numismatica Ars Classica 51, 5 March 2009, lot 416.

220. Maximinus II as Caesar (AD 305-308). Silver argenteus (3.22 gm). Serdica, AD 306-307. MAXIMIN — VS NOB C, laureate head of Maximinus II right / VIRTVS MILITVM, three-turreted camp gate with narrow, open arch, no door, mint mark • SM• SDΔ• below. RCV 14711. RSC 206. RIC 22. Extremely rare. A few minor striking flaws on obverse, otherwise extremely fine $2,000 Ex JT Collection.

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221. Maxentius (AD 307-312). Silver argenteus (3.07 gm). Rome, circa AD 307-309. MAXENTI — VS P F AVG, laureate head of Maxentius right / CONSERVATO — R VRBIS SVAE, Roma seated facing, head left, in hexastyle temple, holding globe in right hand and scepter in left, shield at side, mint mark R followed by officina mark Q below. RSC 49. RCV 14965. RIC 187. Extremely rare. Light toning. Extremely fine $20,000 Ex JT Collection; UBS Auction 78, 9 September 2008, lot 1942; Auction Münzhandlung Basel, 18 March 1936, lot 2019; Evans Collection (Auction Naville Ars Classica XVII, 3 October 1934, lot 1870).

222. Constans (AD 337-350). Silver heavy miliarense (5.43 gm). Siscia, circa AD 340-350. FL IVL CONS — TANS P F AVG, diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Constans right / GAVDIVM POPVLI ROMANI around, SIC / X / SIC / XX between palm branches enclosed within wreath, SIS and tiny wreath below. RSC 40†b. RIC 151 (R2). Tiny flan crack (11:30 obverse). Extremely fine $12,500 Ex Leu 48, 10 May 1989, lot 429; Niggeler (Leu & MM, 1967, lot 1523); Sydenham (Glendining, 1948, lot 579); Levis (Naville, 1925, lot 1004); Vautier-Collignon (Naville, 1922, lot 1759); Horsky (Hess, 1917, lot 4457).

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223. Constantius II (AD 337-361). Silver light miliarense (4.63 gm). Trier, circa AD 337-340. FL IVL CONSTANTIVS AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Constantius II right / CONSTANTIVS AVG, four signa with vexilla fixed in ground, SMTR in exergue. RSC 5†a. RIC 23 (R2). $3,500 Ex Monnaies et Médailles 66, 22-23 October 1984, lot 864.

224. Silver heavy miliarense (5.17 gm) Thessalonica, circa AD 350-355. D N CONSTAN — TIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed head of Constantius II right / VIRTVS EXERCITVS, three military standards topped by vexilla, TES in exergue. RSC 328A. RIC 158 (R4). Extremely rare. Beautifully toned and possessing an attractive portrait. Extremely fine $7,500 Ex Monnaies et Médailles 61, 7-8 October 1982, lot 511.

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Detail 225. Constantius II (337-361 AD). Silver ingot of one Roman pound. 13.8 cm high, 4.7-8.3 cm wide (319 gm). Shaped like a double ax-head with flaring blades, somewhat thicker in the middle and thinner at the two edges. With an official stamp of Constantius II, like the obverse die of a coin: D N CONS[TANTIVS] P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from front, border of dots. Large silver plug below the stamp, adding metal to raise the weight. IVLI inscribed above with six strokes from the same chisel, apparently the mint official’s, workman’s, or recipient’s name Julius in the genitive case. Extremely rare. The image of Constantius II softly struck at the top of his head. One corner chipped. Good very fine $30,000 From the reign of Constantine I onward, silver bars seem to have been distributed by emperors as one form of gift to the troops on festive occasions such as their accessions or anniversary celebrations; so, for example, Julian I upon his accession in 360 promised the army five solidi and a pound of silver per man (Amm. Marc. 20, 4, 18). This ingot seems to be only the sixth silver bar known that was produced at an official mint and bears the emperor’s portrait and titles as on a coin. The other five are all of Magnentius, two found at Emona and three found at Kaiseraugst, all now in museum collections: see H.A. Cahn, Der spätrömische Silberschatz von Kaiseraugst, 1984, pp. 324-329. 82

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226. Julian II (AD 360-363). Billon maiorina (8.77 gm). Sirmium, first officina, AD 361-363. D N FL CL IVLI — ANVS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Julian right / SECVRITAS REI PVB, bull standing right on exergual line, two stars above, ASIRM between star and palm in exergue. RIC 107. LRBC 1622. Brown patina. Good extremely fine $500

227. Valens (AD 364-378). Silver light miliarense (4.32 gm). Trier, circa AD 367-375. DN VALEN — S PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Valens right / VIRTVS EXERCITVS, Valens standing facing, head left, holding standard in right hand, resting left on shield, TRPS• in exergue. RSC 71†c. RIC 26b (2). Extremely fine $3,750 Ex Monnaies et Médailles 66, 22-23 October 1984, lot 876.

BYZANTINE COINS

228. BYZANTINE EMPIRE. Michael II and Theophilus (AD 821-829). Silver miliaresion (2.11 gm). Constantinople. IhSUSXRIS TUShICA, cross potent on base of three steps, triple dotted border / +MIXA / HLSQEOFI / LEECQEU / bASILISRO / MAIOh in five lines, triple dotted border. BCV 1641. DO 6. A few surface marks. Extremely fine $500

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229. Theophilus (AD 829-842). Bronze follis (6.91 gm). Constantinople, AD 830/1-842. QEOFI bASI, half-length figure of Theophilus facing, wearing loros and tufa decorated with four pellets, holding labarum with cross in right hand and globus cruciger in left, linear border / +QEO / FILEAVG / OVSTESV / hICAS in four lines, dotted border. BCV 1667. DO 15d.3. Dark brown patina. Extremely fine $300

230. Michael III & Theodora (842-856). Gold solidus (4.35 gm). Constantinople, AD 843(?)-856. IhSUS X-RISTOS*, bearded bust of Christ facing, raising right hand in benediction and holding book of Gospels in left, cross behind head / +MIXAHL S ΘE-O-dORA, facing busts of beardless emperor in chlamys and mother in loros, slightly taller, wearing crowns with frontal cross, the latter also with two pinnacles and pendilia, respectively, cross in upper field, dot between heads. BCV 1687. DO 2. Very rare. Extremely fine $10,000 Ex Christov Family Collection (Ira & Larry Goldberg Auction 53, 26 May 2009, lot 2246); Leu 77, 11-12 May 2000, lot 870. The depiction of Christ’s image on the coinage of this reign signaled the end of the iconoclast controversy.

231. Basil II & Constantine VIII (976-1025). Gold histamenon nomisma (4.34 gm). Constantinople. +IhS XIS REX REGNANTInm, bearded bust of Christ facing, emitting nimbus cruciger with two pellets in each limb of cross, raising right hand in benediction and holding book of Gospels in left / +bASIL’ C Con[ST]AnTI’ b’ R’, facing busts of Basil, with short beard, and Constantine, beardless, each wearing crown with frontal cross, former in loros of lozenge pattern, latter in chlamys, each grasping with right hand long patriarchal cross. BCV 1796. DO 2b. Some minor die flaws and a few minor marks. Extremely fine (in NGC holder: Ch AU, Strike 4/5, Surface 4/5, scuff) $1,000

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232. Constantine X Ducas (1059-1067). Gold histamenon nomisma (4.41 gm). Constantinople. +IhS XIS REX - REGNANTInm (h and S retrograde), bearded Christ seated facing on throne with quadrilateral back, emitting nimbus cruciger, raising right hand in benediction and holding book of Gospels by upper edge on knee with left, double dotted border / +KωN RACΛ - O ΔOUKAC, bearded emperor standing facing on cushion, wearing crown with frontal cross and pendilia, garbed in loros, grasping labarum marked with quincunx and globule on shaft with right hand and supporting globus cruciger in left, double dotted border. BCV 1847. DO 1b. Attractive. Extremely fine (in NGC holder: Ch AU, Strike 5/5, Surface 5/5) $1,000

233. Romanus IV (1068-1071). Gold histamenon nomisma (4.38 gm). Constantinople. ΚωN - MX - ANΔ, Constantius, Michael and Andronicus standing facing on rounded cushions, all beardless, wearing crowns ornamented with trefoil and pendilia, and garbed in loros, eldest son in center grasping labarum exhibiting globule with right hand and holding akakia downward in left, brothers on either side holding globus cruciger in outer hand and akakia downward in inner hand, double dotted border / +PωMAN’ — EVΔKOIU [sic] around, IC and XC under marks of contraction in upper fields, Christ standing facing on quadrilateral cushion, emitting nimbus cruciger, crowning Romanus and Eudocia, both standing facing in loros and holding globus cruciger in inner hand, emperor in crown ornamented with quatrefoil and pendilia, empress in crown ornamented with pinnacles and pendilia, double dotted border. BCV 1859 corr. DO 1. An unusually well-struck example with minor weakness only on face of Eudocia. A few minor scratches outside border on reverse. Clipped flan. Good extremely fine / extremely fine (in NGC holder: AU, Strike 5/5, Surface 3/5, clipped) $1,000

234. Andronicus I (1183-1185). Gold hyperpyron (4.28 gm). Nimbate Virgin Mary seated facing on throne with trefoil ornament at corners of chair back, wearing maphorium marked with quatrefoil, holding with both hands facing nimbate head of infant Christ, MHP (ligate) and ΘV under marks of contraction in upper fields, double dotted border / A-NΔPONIKOC ΔECΠOTHC, nimbate bearded Christ standing facing, holding book of Gospels in left hand and with right placing crown with pendilia on head of emperor standing facing, exhibiting forked beard, wearing divitision and loros, grasping labarum marked with globule and holding globus cruciger. BCV 1983. Scarce. Graffito outside border at 10:00 on reverse. Good extremely fine (in NGC holder: Ch AU, Strike 5/5, Surface 2/5, graffito) $1,500

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235. Constantine XI Paeleologus (AD 1448-1453). Silver stavraton (6.62 gm). Constantinople. IC — XC, nimbate bust of Christ facing, holding book of Gospels, double dotted border / Nimbate, crowned bust of Constantine XI facing, inscription ΚωΝCΤΑΤΙΝΟC ΔΕCΠOΤΗ CΟ ΠΑΛΕΟΛΟΓ / ΘΥΧΑΡΙΤΗ ΒΑCΙΛΕΥC POMEON within two lines around. DO 1787. Bendall. “The Coinage of Constantine XI” (RN 6, 33 [1991], pp. 134-142), 91. Extremely rare. Some light encrustation. Areas of striking weakness as is typical with this emergency coinage, otherwise good very fine $20,000 Ex Christov Family Collection (Ira & Larry Goldberg Auction 53, 26 May 2009, lot 2420). The last Byzantine emperor, Constantine XI Palaeologus was nominated for the throne by his brother John VIII, who died childless in 1448. Constantine previously had served as Despot of Morea (the Medieval name for the Peloponnese), winning a reputation for vigorous, resourceful leadership. With limited money and manpower, he still managed to build a six-mile defensive wall across the Isthmus of Corinth. In 1444, he briefly expanded his territory by conquering Athens and Thebes, then ruled by Latin vassals of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later, the Ottomans sent an army into central Greece that drove Constantine back to Morea and demolished much of his wall with siege cannon. The death of John VIII in October 1448 caused a momentary crisis: Although John had openly declared Constantine to be his intended heir, the succession was challenged by their brother Demetrius. The brothers appealed to the Ottoman Sultan Murad II to arbitrate the dispute, and despite Constantine’s previous run-in with the Ottomans, Murad ruled in his favor. Constantine was crowned emperor in Mistra, capital of Morea, on January 6, 1449, and proceeded to Constantinople. Because so much of the intervening territory was under hostile rule, he was forced to book passage on a Catalan ship. Only a few months after Constantine’s arrival in the capital, Sultan Murad died and was replaced by his ambitious and aggressive son, Mehmed, who immediately began planning for the conquest of Constantinople. Constantine engaged in frantic diplomatic and military preparation for the attack. To obtain support from the Latin West, he affirmed the unpopular union of eastern and western churches that his brother had championed in the previous reign. Still, fewer than 1,000 Western mercenaries answered his call for assistance, and he was only able to muster about 7,000 men to defend Constantinople against an Ottoman army numbering 60,000, which arrived before the city in early April, 1453. The defenders managed to hold out for more than a month before the Sultan’s siege cannon forced a breach in the city walls, through which the Ottoman army surged on May 29. Constantine was last seen leading a band of defenders in a futile and presumably fatal charge. His body was never positively identified among the Byzantine dead, and legends soon arose that he had somehow escaped and would return to evict the Ottomans and restore the Empire to its full glory, a dream that remains unfulfilled. No coins of Constantine XI were known to exist until a single specimen was identified by Simon Bendall in the mid 1980s. In 1991, the discovery of a small hoard brought a handful of further pieces to light. These were examples of the silver stavraton, the standard coinage of the late Byzantine realm, and its fractions, attributed to the last Emperor by the legend KWNCT ΠΑΛ. Hastily struck and of crude design, the pieces are tangible evidence of how far the Byzantine Empire had fallen since the heyday of Justinian nine centuries earlier.

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ISLAMIC COINS

236. ISLAMIC. Umayyad Caliphate. Uncertain period (pre-reform) AH 41-77/CE 661-697. Bronze fals (3.94 gm). Dimashq (Damascus). Arab-Byzantine emperor holding long cruciform sceptre in right hand and globus cruciger in left, palm branch above T in left field, Λ / Ε / Φ in right field / Capital M, monogram above and “officina” mark below middle strokes, Arabic legends to left, right, and below. Walker 20 variant (second letter in obverse legend, monogram on reverse). SICA —. Olivegreen patina with earthen highlights. Nearly extremely fine $600

END OF SALE

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ABBREVIATIONS AMNG I/2 AMNG III/2 Atlan Bauslaugh Bopearachchi BMC BMCRE Calciati Caltabiano Castelin CBN CRI Dembski DT ESM GCHT GIC Göbl, OTA Göbl, MK Head Holloway HN Italy Ierardi, AJN 7–8 Jenkins Hendin Jenkins-Lewis King Komnick 88

B. Pick and K. Regling, Die antiken Münzen Nordgriechenlands, vol. I, pt. 2: Die antiken Münzen von Dacien und Moesien. Berlin, 1910. H. Gaebler, Die antiken Münzen Nordgriechenlands, vol. III: Die antiken Münzen von Makedonia und Paeonia, part 2. Berlin, 1935. S. Atlan, Untersuchungen über die sidetischen Münzen des V. and IV. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Ankara, 1967. R.A. Bauslaugh, Silver Coinage with the Types of Aesillas the Quaestor, Numismatic Studies 22. New York, 2000. O. Bopearachchi, Monnaies gréco-bactriennes et indo-grecques: Catalogue raisonné. Paris, 1991. A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum. London, 1873-1927. 29 vols. H. Mattingly et al., Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum. London, 19231962. 6 vols. in 8 parts. Reprinted, with revised 2nd ed. of vol. V, London, 1965-1975. R. Calciati, Corpus Nummorum Siculorum: La monetazione di bronzo/The Bronze Coinage. Milano / Mortara, 1983–1987. 3 vols. R. Calciati, Pegasi. Mortara, 1990. 2 vols. M. Caccamo Caltabiano, La monetazione di Messana, con le emissioni di Rhegion dell’età della tirannide, Antike Münzen und Geschnittene Steine XIII. Berlin, 1993. K. Castelin, Keltische Münzen: Katalog der Sammlung im Schweizerischen Landesmuseum Zürich. Bern, 1985. J.-B. Giard, Bibliothèque Nationale: Catalogue des monnaies de l’empire romain, vol. 1: Auguste, Paris, 1976; vol. 1I: De Tibère à Néron, Paris, 1988; vol. III: Du Soulèvement de 68 après J.-C. à Nerva, Paris, 1998. S. Estiot, vols. XII.1.1-2: D’Aurélien à Florien, Paris 2004. D. R. Sear, The History and Coinage of the Roman Imperators 49–27 BC. London, 1998. G. Dembski, Sammlungskataloge des Kunsthistorischen Museums Wien, Vol. I: Münzen der Kelten. Wien, 1998. L.-P. Delestrée and M. Tache, Nouvel atlas des monnaies gauloises. I: De la Seine au Rhin. II: De la Seine à la Loire moyenne. Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 1992. E.T. Newell, The Coinage of the Eastern Seleucid Mints from Seleucus I to Antiochus III, Numismatic Studies 1. New York, 1978, reprint of original 1938 edition with summary of recent scholarship by O. Mørkholm. M. Arslan and C. Lightfoot, Greek Coin Hoards in Turkey: The Antalya Archaeological Museum and the C.S. Okray Collection with Additional Material from the Burdur, Fethiye and Sinop Museums. Ankara, 1999. D. R. Sear, Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values: The Local Coinages of the Roman Empire. London, 1982. R. Göbl, Ostkeltischer Typen-Atlas. Braunschweig, 1973. R. Göbl, Münzprägung des Kusanreiches. Wien, 1984. B.V. Head, On the Chronological Sequence of the Coins of Boeotia. London, 1881. R.R. Holloway, The Thirteen Months Coinage of Hieronymos of Syracuse, AMuGS III. Berlin, 1969. N.K. Rutter, ed. Historia Numorum. Italy. London, 2001. M. Ierardi, “The tetradrachms of Agathocles of Syracuse: A preliminary study,” American Journal of Numismatics 7–8 (1959–96), pp. 1–73. G.K. Jenkins, The Coinage of Gela, Antike Münzen und Geschnittene Steine II. Berlin, 1970. D. Hendin, Guide to Biblical Coins, Fourth Edition. New York, 2001. G.K. Jenkins and R.B. Lewis, Carthaginian Gold and Electrum Coins, RNS Special Publication 2. London, 1963. C. E. King, Roman Quinarii from the Republic to Diocletian and the Tetrarchy, Oxford, 2007. H. Komnick, Die Restitutionsmünzen der frühen Kaiserzeit. Berlin, 2001. Freeman & Sear Manhattan Sale 3

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Kostial Lederer Le Rider LT Lorber-Michaels Macdonald Mazard Mektepini Metcalf Metcalf Meydancikkale Mildenberg Milne Mitchiner Mouchmov Müller Price Prieur RIC RCV Robinson Robinson-Clement RPC I RPC Suppl. I RPC II RRC RSC Schönert-Geiß Sellwood Simonetta SC SMA SNG ANS

M. Kostial, Kelten im Osten. Gold und Silber der Kelten in Mittel und Osteuropa: Sammlung Lanz. München, 1997. P. Lederer, Die Staterprägung der Stadt Nagidos. Berlin, 1932. G. Le Rider, Le monnayage d’argent et d’or de Philippe II frappé en Macédoine de 359 à 294. Paris, 1977. H. de la Tour, Atlas de monnaies gauloises. London reprint, 1968. “Silver Coinage of Aegeae in the reign of Hadrian.” Numismatica e Antichità Classiche 36, 2007, 205-43. D. MacDonald, An Introduction to the History and Coinage of the Kingdom of the Bosporus, Classical Numismatic Studies 5. Lancaster, 2005. J. Mazard, Corpus Nummorum Numidiae Mauretaniaeque. Paris, 1955. N. Olçay and H. Seyrig, Le Trésor de Mektepini en Phrygie, Trésors monétaires Séleucides I. Paris, 1965. W. E. Metcalf, The Cistophori of Hadrian, Numismatic Studies 15. New York, 1980. W. E. Metcalf, The Silver Coinage of Cappadocia, Vespasian-Commodus. New York, 1996. A. Davesne and G. Le Rider, Gülnar II: Le Trésor de Meydancikkale (Cilicie Trachée, 1980). Paris, 1981. 2 vols. L. Mildenberg, The Coinage of the Bar Kokhba War, Typos VI. Aarau, 1984. J.G. Milne, Catalogue of Alexandrian Coins in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Oxford, 1933, reprinted with supplement, 1971. M. Mitchiner, Indo-Greek and Indo-Scythian Coinage. London, 1975–1976. 9 vols. N. A. Mouchmov, Les monnaies et les ateliers monétaires de Serdica. Sophia, 1926 [in Bulgarian]. L. Müller, Die Münzen des Thracischen Königs Lysimachus. Copenhagen, 1858. M. Price, The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. Zürich / London, 1991. 2 vols. M. and K. Prieur, A Type Corpus of the Syro-Phoenician Tetradrachms and Their Fractions from 57 BC to AD 253. Lancaster / London, 2000. The Roman Imperial Coinage, eds. H. A. Mattingly, E.A. Sydenham, R. A. G. Carson, and J. P. C. Kent. London, 1923-1994. 10 vols. in 13 parts. Vol. I2 by C. H. V. Sutherland, London, 1984. Vol. II.12 by I. A. Carradice and T. V. Buttrey, London 2007. D. Sear, Roman Coins and their Values. 3 vols. London, 2000–. E.S.G. Robinson, “Carthaginian and other South Italian coinages of the Second Punic War,” Numismatic Chronicle 1964, pp. 37–64. D.M. Robinson and P.A. Clement, Excavations at Olynthus, vol. IX: The Chalcidic Mint and the Excavation Coins Found in 1928–1934. Baltimore, 1938. A. Burnett, M. Amandry, and P. P. Ripollès, Roman Provincial Coinage, vol. I: From the Death of Caesar to the Death of Vitellius (44 BC–AD 69). London / Paris, 1992. A. Burnett, M. Amandry, and P. P. Ripollès, Roman Provincial Coinage, Supplement I. London / Paris, 1998. A. Burnett, M. Amandry, I. Carradice, Roman Provincial Coinage, vol. II: From Vespasian to Domitian (AD 69–96). London / Paris, 1999. M. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage. London, 1974. 2 vols. D. Sear et al., Roman Silver Coins. 5 vols. London, 1978–1987. E. Schönert-Geiß, Die Münzprägung von Maroneia, Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur der Antike 26. Berlin, 1987. 2 fascicules. D. Sellwood, An Introduction to the Coinage of Parthia. 2nd ed., London, 1980. B. Simonetta, The Coins of the Cappadocian Kings, Typos II. Fribourg, 1977. A. Houghton and C. Lorber, Seleucid Coins: A Comprehensive Catalogue, Part I: Seleucus I through Antiochus III. New York/Lancaster/London, 2002. Part II: Seleucus IV through Antiochus XIII, with O. Hoover, 2008. E.T. Newell, “The Seleucid Mint of Antioch,” American Journal of Numismatics LI (191718), pp. 1-151. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum: The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. New York, 1969+. 9 fasciscules.

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SNG Ashmolean SNG BM Black Sea SNG Copenhagen SNG Cop. Suppl. SNG Fitzwilliam SNG Kayhan SNG Keckman SNG Lockett SNG München SNG Paris SNG Levante SNG von Aulock Starr Svoronos Sydenham Thompson Troxell Van Arsdell Villaronga, CNHAA Vlasto

Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Vol. V: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Evans Collection. London, 1951–1976. 3 fascicules. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Vol. IX. British Museum, Part I: The Black Sea. London, 1993. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum. København, 1942+. 42 fasciscules. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Supplement: S. Schultz and J. Zahle, eds., Acquisitions 1942–1996. København, 2002. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Vol. IV: Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. London, 1940–1971. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Turkey, Vol. I: K. Konuk, The Muharrem Kayhan Collection. Istanbul, 2002. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Finland. The Erkki Keckman Collection in the Skopbank, Helsinki, Part I. U. Westermark and R. Ashton, Karia. Helsinki, 1994. Part II. R. Ashton, Asia Minor except Karia. Helsinki, 1999. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Vol. VIII: The Lockett Collection. London, 1957. 5 fascicules. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland: Staatliche Münzsammlung München. Berlin, 1969+. 7 fascicules. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, France 2: Cabinet des Médailles. E. Levante, Cilicia. Paris, 1993. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Switzerland, Vol. I: E. Levante, Levante—Cilicia. Bern, 1986. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland: Sammlung von Aulock. Berlin, 1957+. 18 fasciscules. C.G. Starr, Athenian Coinage 480–449 B.C. Oxford, 1970. J.N. Svoronos, Ta nomismata tou kratous ton Ptolemaion. Athens, 1904–1908. 4 vols. E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic. London, 1952. M. Thompson, The New Style Silver Coinage of Athens, Numismatic Studies 10. New York, 1961. 2 vols. H.A. Troxell, Studies in the Macedonian Coinage of Alexander the Great, Numismatic Studies 21. New York, 1997. R. D. van Arsdell, Celtic Coinage of Britain. London, 1989. L. Villaronga, Corpus Nummum Hispaniae ante Augusti Aetatem. Madrid, 1994. O.E. Ravel, The Collection of Tarentine Coins Formed by M.P. Vlasto. London, 1947.

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Freeman & Sear P.O. Box 641352 Los Angeles, CA 90064-6352 TEL: 310.450.9755 FAX: 310.450.8865 EMAIL: info@freemanandsear.com WEB: www.freemanandsear.com