Portfolio
farrah dang MLA, University of Virginia
The Delray Carbon Forest
1-6
University of Virginia, Manifesto Studio ▪ 2019 Julie Bargmann
The Sisseton-Wahpeton Cultural Center
7-10
University of Virginia Research Studio, Indigenous Ecologies ▪ 2018-2019 Phoebe Crisman
The Box
11-13
University of Virginia, Healing Spaces ▪ 2017 Reuben Rainey
Fire Follows the Water University of Virginia, Indigenous Landscapes ▪ 2018 Emma Mendel
14-15
Blue Ribbon Park
16-17
Summer internship, Germany, Emschergenossenschaft ▪ 2017 Martina Oldengott
Detail to Design / Design to Detail
18-20
University of Virginia, Ecotech II ▪ 2017 Zaneta Hong
Experience Fields / Animating Information University of Virginia Zaneta Hong, Digital Practice II / Michael Lee, History of Landscape Architecture II ▪ 2017
21-22
The Delray Carbon Forest University of Virginia, Manifesto Studio ▪ 2019 Julie Bargmann The Manifesto studio asked that we apply our individual, personal convictions as designers to a city challenged with blight. The Delray neighborhood, rich in history and resources that kick-started Detroit’s industrialization, currently suffers intense land-use clashes. Plans for a new U.S. Customs plaza and bridge to Canada have displaced many people. Remaining residents lament their declining health but desperately want to remain close to their community. The Delray Carbon Forest is my response to the sustained environmental injustice wrought from decades of imbalanced planning. It’s a strategy whereby current occupants can choose to become part of reforestation efforts. At the new forest’s core is a series of hedgerow prototypes, including woodland bosques. This urban form can flex into tight urban corridors, and it holds great promise as an industrialstrength air filter. My hope is that these prototypes can give new life to Delray and serve as a template for similar metropolitan areas experiencing post-industrial change.
CALIFORNIA WINE GRAPES CO. AND MOTZ’S BURGERS
PEOPLES COMMUNITY SERVICES AND DELRAY REC CENTER
ALL SAINTS SOUP KITCHEN AND FOOD PANTRY
WEST FORT BAR
KAINOS INTERNATIONAL CHURCH
COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES CENTER (CHASS)
DETROIT 75 KITCHEN
CLARK PARK MAYBURY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EARHART ELEMENTARY-MIDDLE SCHOOL WESTERN INTERNATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WES
T FO
RT C
ORRID
OR
PHASE 3 Gordie Howe Bridge opens
$
THE FOREST AT WORK, CARBON CAPTURING
Remaining Delray and pilot program residents enjoy access to community assets HOLY CROSS HUNGARIAN CHURCH
Established wetlands and woodlands filter pollution and provide recreation; woodland harvests generate saw timber and wood products
...YIELDS LUMBER PRODUCTS OF THE NEW “CARBON FOREST”
IRON COFFINS DETROIT
HOUSING GRANTED... PORTION OF BRIDGE INCOME TO SUBSIDISE PILOT HOUSING
$ ...IN EXCHANGE FOR EMPLOYMENT TO MAINTAIN NEW “CARBON FOREST”
PHASE 2 Gordie Howe Bridge construction, DTE River Rouge Power Plant Retires Housing-Employment Pilot Program launches, adopted from Vienna model; developers selected by city must reserve half the homes for employees who will maintain green infrastructure
YEARS 0-5
YEARS 5-10
YEARS 10+
25-YEAR HARVEST CYCLE PER EX-RESIDENTIAL LOT...
TRANSPLANT OUT WITH CARE AND CONSENT...
...SO THAT OTHERS MAY BREATHE: ESTABLISH TREE PLANTING INTO CITY-OWNED LOTS
PHYTOREMEDIATING GROUND FOR PILOT RESIDENTIAL CLUSTER
PHASE 1 Thick filtration hedgerows connect major corridors and re-establish walkable, bikeable neighborhood
1
“
"Well, one reason I want to take [the city’s offer to relocate] is for my health. My health is getting worse. My breathing is getting worse" – Gloria McPhail, 73
1.44
1.64
1.71
2.0
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
.774
1.0
raw material piles
NORTH DELRAY
solvent + petrol seepage
SOUTH DELRAY
ROUGE RIVER
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Average daily micrograms (μg/m3) detected in a cubic meter of air
Photo by Ryan Garza. Quote from Detroit Free Press.
3.95
Carbonyls
refineries + coal burning
ANNUAL IRSL
automobiles + roadways
railway
NO MEASUREMENT TAKEN
Initial Risk Screening Level (IRSL) is the level at which a carcinogen present in the atmosphere could create an excess of a one-in-a million-risk of cancer incidence in a given population exposed to a chemical continuously for 24 hours a day, over 70 years (an assumed lifetime). Data is from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality’s 2017 Air Quality Annual Report.
MAJOR CORRIDORS
orn
St
Clark Ave
Livernois Ave
arb
Dragoon St
De
I-75
W Fort St
MAJOR CORRIDORS
Ambassador Bridge
EXISTING CANOPY
future U.S. Customs Plaza
Fort Wayne roit
r
Rive
Materials pile
e
ug
Ro
Det r
ve
Ri
Canopy
ada
MAJOR CORRIDORS
Commercial
Jeff
Gord
er
W
VACANT LOTS + PARK SPACESResidential
EXISTING CANOPY
Zug Island
e
Av son
Can
Industrial d e Bri
ow ie H
Major air pollution point source + prevailing wind
ge
Detroit
Residential + heavy industrial clash
EXISTING CANOPY
MAJOR CORRIDORS
VACANT LOTS + PARK SPACES
0
2000 ft
RESIDENTIAL + HEAVY INDUSTRIAL USE CLASHES
d g win
ailin
prev
VACANT LOTS + PARK SPACES
EXISTING CANOPY
RESIDENTIAL + HEAVY INDUSTRIAL USE CLASHES
MAJOR AIR POLLUTION DRIFTS
POLLUTION EXUDENCE: SOUND AND PARTICULATE MATTER sound exudence
RESIDENTIAL + HEAVY INDUSTRIAL USE CLASHES
VACANT LOTS + PARK SPACES
d pollution exudence g win
ailin
prev
MAJOR AIR POLLUTION DRIFTS
tissues strong connective
d g win
ailin
prev INTERSTATE 75
mixed commercial, WEST some residential FORT ST
MAJOR AIR POLLUTION DRIFTS
mixed commercial, light industrial
ACTIVE RAILWAY
residential, with some neighborhood businesses
RESIDENTIAL + HEAVY INDUSTRIAL USE CLASHES
d g win
ailin
prev
WEST JEFFERSON AVE
heavy industrial, extractive
DETROIT RIVER
2
200’ H’
“ “
10-60%
WINDBREAK DYNAMICS
H’ Med. density hedgerow (50%)
H’
0 n, mold) m
High density hedgerow (50-100%)
5H
10H
WINDBREAK DYNAMICS
60-80% of wind
particles.” (p.Huixia 73) & Shi, Hui & Li, Yangyang. “Leaf dust capturing capacity Wang,
greening plant species in relation to leaf micromorphology.” ISWREP 2
SCALAR
“Breathing Easier in Southwest Detroit: Mitigating Fugitive Dust with Proceedings of 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Vegetation.” University of Michigan: Urban and Regional Planning. April Environmental Protection. 2011. 2008. STRATEGIES FOR PARTICLE MITIGATION
ld al
ll
Sh
Trichome (epidermal hairs) 10-20 µm
Ta
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ec id
human hair 50-70 µm
PM2.5 (combustion particles, organic compounds, metals) 2.5 µm Stoma
Sm
Trichome (epidermal hairs) 10-20 µm
de cid
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10-60% of wind
5H Huixia & Shi, Hui & Li, Yangyang.10H Wang, “Leaf dust capturing capacity of urban plant species in relation to leaf of micromorphology.” ISWREP 2011 10-60%greening of wind 60-80% wind Proceedings of 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection. 2011.
uo us
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200’
“...surface structures of their foliage were benefit for capturing particles...The leaf micromorphology properties of these plant species such as epidermal cell, wax and sunken stomas, are benefit for capturing particles and resistance of air pollution. Plants with these leaf micromorphological properties can be recommended for introducingMed.as urban density hedgerow (50%) High density hedgerow (50-100%) greening plant species.” (p. 5)
“...surface structures of their foliage were benefit for capturing particles...The leaf micromorphology properties of these plan “Vegetation may be used to supplement species such assolutions epidermal shorter-term mechanical that cell, wax and primarilysunken block orPM2.5 suppressare particulate stomas, benefit PM10 for capturing human hair (combustion particles, (dust, pollen, mold) matter theorganic formcompounds, of fugitive dust. particles and resistance of air pollution. P 50-70 µm in 10 µm metals) 2.5 µmreduces fugitive dust Specifically, withvegetation these leaf micromorphological prope by absorbing and filtering airborne can be recommended for introducing as particulates, reducing local temperature greening plantwind species.” (p. 5) variability, and blocking and airborne
er g
maximum protection range
80'-120' windbreak
maximum protection range
Ev
“
80'-120' windbreak
PM10 (dust, pollen, mold) 10 µm Stoma
UNDERSIDE OF LEAF
HEDGEROW FORMATION
FRINGE-FORM PLANT
UNDERSIDE OF LEAF
SCALAR STRATEGIES FOR PARTICLE MITIGATION
FRINGE-FORM PLANT
Gleditsia triacanthos Honey locust Populus deltoides Eastern cottonwood Acer saccharinum Silver oak Juniperus virginiana Eastern red cedar Tilia cordata Small-leaf linden Picea pungens Blue spruce Salix nigra Black willow Chionanthus virginicus Fringe tree Physocarpus opulifolius 'Diabolo' Ninebark Amorpha fruticosa False indigo Populus nigra Black poplar
Aronia melanocarpa Chokecher
Larix laricinata Larch
Typha latifolia Cattails
S. tabernaemon
Leersia or
Thuja occidentalis Arborvitae (as bioindicator)
Crataegus crus-galli Hawthorne
= evergreen
= woolly seeds
Cotoneaster horizontalis Cotoneaster
Syringa meyeri Lilac
““
““
“...surface “...surfacestructures structuresof oftheir theirfoliage foliagewere were benefit benefitforforcapturing capturingparticles...The particles...Theleaf leaf micromorphology micromorphologyproperties propertiesof ofthese theseplant plant species speciessuch suchasasepidermal epidermalcell, cell,wax waxand and sunken sunkenstomas, stomas,arearebenefit benefitforforcapturing capturing particles particlesand andresistance resistanceof ofairairpollution. pollution.Plants Plants with withthese theseleaf leafmicromorphological micromorphologicalproperties properties can canbeberecommended recommendedforforintroducing introducingasasurban urban greening greeningplant plantspecies.” species.”(p.(p.5) 5)
“Vegetation “Vegetationmay maybebeused usedtotosupplement supplement shorter-term shorter-termmechanical mechanicalsolutions solutionsthat that primarily primarilyblock blockororsuppress suppressparticulate particulate matter matterin inthetheform formof offugitive fugitivedust. dust. Specifically, Specifically,vegetation vegetationreduces reducesfugitive fugitivedust dust bybyabsorbing absorbingand andfiltering filteringairborne airborne particulates, particulates,reducing reducinglocal localtemperature temperature variability, variability,and andblocking blockingwind windand andairborne airborne particles.” particles.”(p.(p.73)73)
Wang, Wang, Huixia Huixia & Shi, & Shi, Hui Hui & Li,& Yangyang. Li, Yangyang. “Leaf “Leaf dustdust capturing capturing capacity capacity of urban of urban greening greening plant plant species species in relation in relation to leaf to leaf micromorphology.” micromorphology.” ISWREP ISWREP 20112011 - Proceedings Proceedings of 2011 of 2011 International International Symposium Symposium on Water on Water Resource Resource andand Environmental Environmental Protection. Protection. 2011. 2011.
Sh r Sh ub Smru ab Sm ll d al ec l id Ta dec uou id s ll Ta de uou ll cid s de u Ev cid ous u e Ev rgre ous er en gr ee n
“Breathing “Breathing Easier Easier in Southwest in Southwest Detroit: Detroit: Mitigating Mitigating Fugitive Fugitive DustDust withwith Vegetation.” Vegetation.” University University of Michigan: of Michigan: Urban Urban andand Regional Regional Planning. Planning. AprilApril 2008. 2008.
PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5 - 10)
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2)
VOCs (TOLUENE, ETHYL BENZENE, AND XYLENE)
INORGANIC METAL (ARSENIC)
OILS, GASOLINE
HEDGEROW HEDGEROW FORMATION FORMATION
FRINGE-FORM FRINGE-FORM PLANT PLANT
rry
s
ntani Great bulrush
ryzoides Rice cutgrass Eichhornia crassipes Water hyacinth
Stachys byzantina Lambs’ ears
E. spectabilis Purple lovegrass Agrostis capillaris Common bentgrass Achillea millefolium Yarrow
Lygodium palmatum Creeping fern (threatened)
Agrostis capillaris Common bentgrass
Campsis radicans 'Flava' Trumpet vine Prunella vulgaris Self heal Lysimachia nummularia Creeping jenny Sorghastrum nutans Indian grass
Trifolium spp. Clover
Lamium purpureum Purple dead nettle Trifolium spp. Clover
Dryopteris filix-mas Male fern
Lotus corniculatus Bird’s foot trefoil Daucus carota Queen Anne’s lace
3
Industrial Hedgerow + WoodlanD
Rail Trail Hedgerow
industrial Hedgerow +
4 West Fort St to Boynton
1
3 2
5
WOODLAND BOSQUE
FAT WET HEDGEROW
DOUBLEWIDE
+ WoodlanD Underpass
Fat Wet Trail Hedgerow
Doublewide Hedgerow
10
8
and ntown to Dow Greenway uis Joe Lo
9 U.S. Customs Plaza
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 6
E HEDGEROW
Carbon Hill Observation Point Transitional Woodlands + Delray House Junction Underpass West Fort Commercial Corridor Gordie Howe Underpass Detroit River Ramble + Fort Mounds Historic Fort Wayne Convergence Park Pilot Residential Zones + Wetlands Trail Clark Park + surrounding schools Strong community assets Seasonal wetlands Residential pilot program
N
RAIL TRAIL HEDGEROW
0
.5 mi
INDUSTRIAL HEDGEROW
4
GUIDING OPERATIONS 1. REFINE MAJOR CORRIDORS increase public setbacks
pull back
2. REVIVE RAILWAYS carve wetland filters, create water corridors Cut... ...and pile
3. INFILL VACANCIES as residents move out, trees move in Plant
4. UNITE LOTS close discontinued roads, create bosques Expand
5. EBB AND FLOW flexible development along corridors as needed Contract Expand
WOODLAND BOSQUE INFILL
INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH HEDGEROW
Acer rubrum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer saccharinum, Populus deltoides, and other fast-growing species
Thuja occidentalis, Pinus sylvestris, Populus nigra, Crataegus crus-galli, Cotinus coggygria, Cotoneaster horizontalis gentle wind
intense wind
to existing residential
15-20’
15-20’ new woodland in vacated residential lot
15-20’
20’
20’
4’
8’
10’
10’
100’ typ. residential lot converted to new filtration hedgerow and sheltered path
38
Dearbor
rn Street
ldE
EWIDE
8’
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s
pu lu
Po
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te
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as
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to
Co Co
r
te
as
to us Pne Co opauste tin lusr us Po Pinu pu s lu s Pin us
Co
tin
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to
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RAIL TRAIL
Irregular and quirky
RAIL TRAIL Irregular and quirky Irregular and quirky
RAIL TRAIL
Irregular and quirky
RAIL TRAIL
5’ x 5’ 5’ x 5’
50’
Th uja
uja
Th
La r
ix
Varied, lush
Varied, lush
WOODLAND BOSQUE
WOODLAND BOSQUE WOODLAND BOSQUE
Varied, lush
WOODLAND BOSQUE
Ar on Ju ia, nip Ce et nip Ce hr er ph er ph us ala a Ar us ala on nt nt hu Ju ia, Sa hu s, nip SCae lix s, Cle er lixph Cle th us ala th ra nt ra hu Sa s, lix Cle th ra La r
Sa ronia lixJu ,
A
nia Dynamic, pre-settlement Detroit Jularch swamp n ,C
o
Dynamic, pre-settlement Detroit larch swamp FATDynamic, WET TRAIL pre-settlement Detroit larch swamp
FAT WET TRAIL FAT WET TRAIL
Ph ys oc Ch arp io na us, nt Sy oc hu rin a ga s Ch r io pGus na le, nt dSity hu sriain s , gTa il Gle ia ,P dit op sia P ulu , Tic s iliaea ,P op ulu Pic s ea
ys
Ph
FAT WET TRAIL
Dynamic, pre-settlement Detroit larch swamp
lix
us
er
nip
Ju
er
Ac
Sa
ia
on
Ar
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er
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Ju
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us
S Aralix on ia
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Sa li nip Acex er r
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ia
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Pin us
on Cr eas at te ae r gu Po s pu lu s
Co t
Upright, strong and columnar
INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH Upright, strong andUpright, columnar strong and columnar
Upright, strong and columnar
INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH
INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH
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Co to n Cr eas at te ae r gu s Co Po to pu n l Cr eas us
“I didn’t want to leave, but my health was getting so bad. At least the city’s paying for my new home with these tree farms!
ft 00 ft 0 ft x 1 100 x 10 100100 x 100
5’ x 5’ 5’ x 5’
5’ x 5’
50’ 50’
50’
100
Typical residentialTypical lot (30’ x 100’) residential lot (30’ x 100’)
Typical residential lot (30’ x 100’)
Typical residential 5’ x 5’ lot (30’ x 100’) 5’ x 5’
50’
50’
5’ x 5’
00 x1 ft
5’ x 5’
5’ x 5’
100
50’ 5’ x 5’
50’ 5’ x 5’
1 100 00 ft100 ft ft
100 ft
50’
primaryprimary road road
primary road
primary road
ft 50 x1 100 150 ft x
50’
100
primary primary roadroad
50’
50’
Transplant out
5’ x50’5’
5’ x 5’
50’
5’ x 5’
100’ typ. residential lot, newly vacated
Character: Rich, lush As demolitions have cleared blocks of blight, Clepe said his block has become peaceful, almost like a park.
Woodland
− “Goodbye Delray...” March 18, 2018, Detroit Journalism Cooperative
5’ x 5’
50’ 50’
50’
active active railwayrailway
active railway
active railway
ft 50 ft x1 50 x1 100
vacant vacant residential lots residential lots
new public new public setback primary road vacant setback primary road vacantresidential residential lots lots
new public new public setback setback
Industrial Hedgerow
Character: Upright, strong and columnar Adapting the disused into quirky, vibrant meeting spaces
5’ x 5’
5’ x 5’
ramble trail abandoned rail track
abandoned rail track abandoned raised rail track rambleraised trail
raisedabandoned rail track ramble trail
raised ramble trail
to existing residential
5
active railway
10 0
Co to ne Co aste tin r us Po pu lu s Pin us
x
15 0
ft
Typical residential lot (30’ x 100’)
50’
10 0
Upright, strong and columnar
5’ x 5’
primary road 5’ x 5’
vacant residential lots
50’
ip
er Ac
new public setback
Th uja
rix
lix
La
Sa
DENSE EVERGREEN BAND Larix laricina, Thuja occidentalis
Cr
Pin
us
Co to ne a at ste ae r gu Po s pu lu s
50’
active railway Sightseeing, leisurely ramble
5’ x 5’
10 0
ft
50’
x
abandoned rail track raised ramble trail
10’
15-20’
us Pin
5’ x 5’
6’
3’
18-20
elevated trail (repurposed riprap)
flooded remnant rail
8’
10
0 15 10
0
x
ulu op ,P ilia ,T sia
ea
dit
primary road
Pic
Ch
Gle
io
ys
oc
ar p na us, nt Sy hu rin ga s
s
Typical residential lot (30’ x 100’)
5’ x 5’
vacant residential lots
nip
er Ac
Ju
Ar
Sa
on
lix
ia
er
us
Varied, lush
50’
primary road
new public setback
La
Th
rix
uja
primary road
5’ x 5’ 50’
active railway 5’ x 5’ 50’
r
ft 0 15 0 10
s ulu ilia
,P
op
a
x
lu
us
s Pin
us
tin
pu Po
,T
RESIDENTIAL HEDGEROW
sia
Physocarpus opulifolius, Syringa meyeri, Chionanthus virginicus, Gleditsia triacanthos, Picea pungens, and other species with dense foliage and fragrance
Pic ea
dit Gle
ys oc Ch arp io na us, nt Sy hu rin g s
Ph
RAIL TRAIL HEDGEROW
raised ramble trail
Typical residential lot (30’ x 100’)
5’ x 5’
vacant residential lots
50’
Varied, lush
WOODLAND BOSQUE
abandoned rail track
te as ne to
Co
Co
RAIL TRAIL FAT WET TRAIL
Dynamic, pre-settlement Irregular Detroit and larchquirky swamp
Sa
lix
Ar on Ju ia, nip Ce er ph us ala n
th
us
,C
le
th
ra
50’
Thick, bold
DOUBLEWIDE
5’ x 5’
primary road
Transplant In
new public setback
Th uja
La
Sa lix
rix
Ar on Ju ia, nip Ce er ph us ala n
th
us ,
Cle
th
ra
50’
primary road
26’ McKinstry Street
DOUBLEWIDE HEDGEROW
5’ x 5’ 50’
abandoned rail track
ulu s op ,P ilia ,T Pic
ea
sia
Gle dit
io
Ch
ys o
ca
rp na us, nt Sy hu rin ga s
raised ramble trail
Ph
FAT WET TRAIL
DOUBLEWIDE
5’ x 5’
Dynamic, pre-settlement Detroit larch swamp Thick, bold
15-20
10-12
closed road
ft
FAT WET TRAIL HEDGEROW
50’
Ph
to existing residential
s lu
us
tin
pu Po
to Co
Co
ne
as
te
r
10 0
ft
Upright, strong and columnar Dynamic, pre-settlement Irregular Detroit andlarch quirky swamp
FAT-WET HEDGEROW Aronia melanocarpa, Juniperus virginiana, Salix nigra
5’ x 5’
0 10
WOODLAND BOSQUEINDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH FAT WET TRAIL RAIL TRAIL
Ar on Ju ia, nip Ce er ph us ala
nt hu s
,C
le
th ra
Ar
Sa
primary road
Ju n
lix
on ia
er
us
Varied, lush
WOODLAND BOSQUE INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH
ft
x
0 10
10 0
ft
Pin
us
Co to n Cr eas at te ae r gu Po s pu lu s
Irregular and q
RAIL TRAIL
50’
5’
10’
10’
8’
5’
20’
100’ typ. new residential lot
INTERMITTENT WETLAND MEADOW + RUNOFF CATCHMENT
WOODLAND BOSQUE INFILL
Larix-dominant, mixed hardwoods
Gleditsia triacanthos
filtration
30' road to be closed 10’
20’
Rail Trail Hedgerow Character: Irregular and quirky Wild and vibrant for people, animals, and trains
gentle wind
RAIL TRAIL HEDGEROW Aronia melanocarpa, Salix nigra, Acer saccharinum, Juniperus virginiana
intense wind
filtration
to commercial zone
4-8’ var.
4’
5’
3’
15’
8’
8’
5’
to U.S. Customs Plaza
20’
rail trail 10’
20’
Doublewide Hedgerow Character: Thick, Bold Strong pollution buffers + inward-facing dwellings for forest caretakers
SAVANNAH PRAIRIE
RESIDENTIAL HEDGEROW
Populus deltoides, Tilia cordata
gentle wind
Transplant In
intense wind
50’
100’ typ. new residential lot
20’
5’
8’
10’
10’
5’
38’ Clark Avenue 10’
20’
Fat Wet Hedgerow Character: Dynamic, pre-settlement Detroit larch swamp Abandoned railways into filtration waterways, new habitats for species
6
The Sisseton-Wahpeton Cultural Center University of Virginia, Indigenous Ecologies studio â–Ş 2018 Phoebe Crisman, David Edmunds The Cultural Center, commissioned by the Dakotah Sisseton-Wahpeton tribe, is the celebration of Dakotah heritage. The Center houses and embodies harmonious ecologies, resilience and independence, and indigenous craft and knowledge. It will serve as a destination for students, tribal members, and invited visitors to the reservation seeking meaningful cross-cultural exchanges. An integrated mix of interior and exterior spaces will encourage learning and community interaction, while the planting scheme reinforces connection with indigenous landscapes. Actual construction will occur in the Lake Traverse reservation in the Dakota states. The studio tightly collaborated across disciplines for all production. Drawings published by me are indicated by . I helped develop the convergence concept, worked extensively on the master plan and construction documentation, crossreferenced plant palettes, and researched berm development, rammed earth, and paving.
*
Tribe Participants: Dustina Gill, Erin Griffin, Jeremy Red Eagle, Charlotte Keoke, Sandra Pratt, LaVerne Whitebear, Russell Eberhardt Architecture: Kevin Lane, Samantha Kokenge, Cristina Bertone, Brady Scott, Elena Wrobel, Anne Souza, Carley Leckie, Ross Fillman, Mark Meikleohn, Nicholas Grimes Landscape: Farrah Dang, Zhaoyan Pan, Xiaonian Shen, E. Heather Courtenay Design Thinking: Bridget Murphy
Classroom Workcourt Play field Classroom Harvest fields
Tiotipi Sky Room
Harvest fields
Classroom
Fire Room Workcourt
TIOTIPI: Gathering space for presentations, theatre, classes, and small-scale wacipi CLASSROOMS: learning spaces for cultural arts like beading, sculpture, cooking, and language immersion WORKCOURTS: Outdoor workspaces for activities like bison hide prep, painting, and cooking. FIRE ROOM: Communal outdoor room with firepit for storytelling, plays, and gathering. PLAYFIELD: Turfed area for outdoor games SKY ROOM: Contemplative plaza with seating and grand, framed view to prairie and rising sun 24time HARVEST FIELDS: Informal wildflower and herb meadow for harvest and forage; spreads with wind over
7
aging eng
cosmology
, complete, wh
ole
NORTH winter sharing wisdom death
SOUTH summer
confluence
WEST
EAST
autumn harvest stillness maturity
core
spring beginnings growth sunrise
SOUTH activity band
concept model
The Center
*
summer emotion birth spiritual
*
Left: The circular shape, central to the Dakotah and other indigenous cultures, represents perfect wholeness, unity, and communal spirit.
*
Right: Numerous concept sketches were developed by the studio. The design addresses extreme climates, negativity toward “carpentered,� rectangular forms embodied by government-built housing , and the legacies of cultural displacement (poverty, substance abuse, and youth suicides). The final design response sensitively integrates cultural revival, inclusivity, physical comfort, aesthetic, and technical considerations. 8
Oculus
Exhibition Hall
Stage
Exhibition Hall
Classroom
Basement and Pantry
The Tiotipi anchors the entire site and is a place of gathering for the tribe. The rammed earth structure is partially inset in the ground and hon clerestory and woven interior paneling bring light and airiness to the space.
The classrooms reflect the inclusive learning styles of Dakotah culture, which favor round discussions over western linear instruction. They accom hide tanning, quillwork, and cooking/food preservation. A mullion system with glass and plywood paneling allows natural light to permeate the to the sliding doors in the north classrooms create additional instructional and activity spaces.
Tiotipi + Classrooms
Airlock
nors traditional Sioux earthlodges. A
mmodate hands-on activities such as e rooms. Paved workcourts adjacent
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452
451
450
12’-0” 10’-0”
(6) Popul (2) Prunu (2) Prunu
N
0
20’
*
40’
The built environment emerges from a wholly native prairie plant palette. Tall grasses, wrapped around the rammed earth walls, feather the hard e identity throughout the site. Shorter grasses adorn the Tiotipi roof and roll gently down onto the raised berm which serves as a recliner for starg elemental experiences which supplement classroom learning. Finally, thick windbreaks encircle the Tiotipi and classrooms, offering wildlife nou for materials, edibles, and medicine.
Site + Landscape
(3) Juniperus virginiana (14) Juniperus scopulorum (5) Picea glauca (1) Quercus stellata 10’-0�
lus deltoides us americana us virginiana (1) Prunus americana (3) Prunus virginiana
*
At the entrances to the tiotipi, stone is used to buffer the threshold between pavers and building
At the builders discretion, feather narrow pavers away from main egress paths by placing full and cut-in-half pavers along the edges
edges and create a strong landscape gazing. The Fire and Sky Rooms offer urishment and foraging opportunity
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The Box University of Virginia, Healing Spaces ▪ 2018 Reuben Rainey I wondered, “How can I fit a soothing forest into a box?” This garden was a challenging exercise in fitting a sense of openness, freedom, and comfort into a narrow, underused void in the center of a Virginia hospital. Using principles of environmental psychology, healing, and biophilia, the design creates a forest-like environment tucked within a very industrial, linear space. The goal is to encourage faster healing for patients as well as provide refuge for them, their families and friends, and hospital staff who also feel the daily impacts of stress and crisis management. Installation artist Yayoi Kusama provided inspiration, for her mastery of using simple forms and gestures to create expansive wonderlands. As well, another inspiration was Reuben Rainey, who reminded me that intuition, joy, and empathy are powerful tools we must craft into our inhabited spaces.
Yayoi Kusama Fireflies on the Water, 2002
CANOPY glade clearing
TREES
greenhouse
art wall
HABITATION ZONE
HILLS soil and growing media
GROUND gutter to fountains pavers filter mesh drainage pedestals insulation moisture membrane
▪ Detweiler, M., Sharma, T., Detweiler, G., Murphy, P., Lane, S., Carman, J., Chudhary, S., Halling, M., and Kim, K. (2012). What Is the Evidence to Support the Use of Therapeutic Gardens for the Elderly? Psychiatry investigation. 9. pp. 100-10. ▪ Heft, Harry. (2010). Affordances and the perception of landscape: An inquiry into environmental perception and aesthetics. Innovative approaches to researching landscape and health. pp. 9-32. ▪ Kaplan, S. (1992). The Restorative Environment: Nature and Human Experience. Role of Horticulture in Human Well-being and Social Development: a National Symposium. ▪ Stigsdotter, U. and Grahn, P. (2002). What Makes a Garden a Healing Garden? Journal of Therapeutic Horticulture. 13. pp. 60-69.
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BUILDING M
66' ~11,100 sq ft
142' UVA West Complex (UVA Health System)
100 ft
VIEWS
GARDEN VISITORS AND SPECIAL AC
staff needs stress management, team bonding
friends, family, Ch pleasant place to wait, vis
MASS STUDY
ACCESS, WATER GUTTER-POOLING, AND WINDOW STUDY
SUN-SHADE STUDY
spring
summer
fall
winter
CCOMMODATIONS FLOOR 5 - Infectious Diseases, Travelers - Clinic - Kidney Center FLOOR 4 - Transplant Center - UVA Surgical Care - Behavioural Medicine Center - Plastic Surgery Clinic - Neurocognitive Assessment Lab mobility access wheel-friendly paving to minimize bumps
hildren sit, relax, play
low-visibility access paving cues, emphasis on texture, different levels of light filtration
FLOOR 3 - Psychiatric Medicine - Oral Surgery Clinic - Neurosurgery Clinic FLOOR 2 - Urology Clinic - Rehabilitative Services - Radiology and Medical Imaging - Prostate Center - Eye Clinic
emotional needs spaces for active participation, passive participation, and solitude
FLOOR 1 - Welcome Center and Cafe - Breast Care Center
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SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT SPECTRUM a space for everyone, for all moods and mental engagement
high social engagement
gathering zone
low social engagement
private
11 10
1 STAFF GARDEN for de-stress, privacy needs 2 INSET GREENHOUSE lush garden year-round
1
3 GATHERING SPACE exercise, small concerts, parties 4 SEATED LAWN AND PLAY AREA naps, contemplation, gentle play 5 NARRATIVE ART WALL patient-made art tiles, narrative mural
5
6 HORTICULTURAL THERAPY PLANTERS wheelchair accessible, raised planter beds
6
7 R&R ROOMS private niches, “cry spaces”
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8 GLASS WALL allows quick relaxing peeks for those walking by indoors
2
3
9 RFELECTIVE POND calming water view 10 TOE POND shallow pool to dip toes in
4
11 SEDUM WALL ART bright, textural wall for contemplation
9 10'
8
40’
30’
20’
10’
humor heals
greenhouse year round, for a quick refresher or those confined to the indoors
shaded and safe for the sunlight-sensitive
rooftop water transforms into babbling fountain
room to gather, yoga or perhaps a workshop or interesting chat?
raised planting table, sense of accomplishment and teamwork
a private discussion
patient creations, art tiles and poetry
“tree” and fern-soft, muted plantings
grief, reflecting on the social from a safe distance
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Fire Follows the Water University of Virginia, Indigenous Landscapes â–Ş 2018 Emma Mendel This project investigates subjective, non-linear, and non-western ways of understanding landscapes and human relations with(in) them. Research knowledge is shared as drawings and, later, models. My particular focus is the fire management regime of the plains tribes in North America. Through careful, controlled burns, indigenous peoples increased habitat zones and species diversity, thus increasing food reserves and preventing the out-of-control, large scale fires we commonly see today. Curiously, mapping the logistics of fire management reveals the close relationship between fire and water. Waters of the Mississippi basin provided not only sustenance, but also served as very convenient fire breaks.
https://youtu.be/gWB5V8rjKoA
ECOTONE MATRIX Scrubland
Woodland
Floodplains
Riparian Corridor Lake
Grassland
woodland-grassland riparian Vernal pond
woodland-vernal pond scrubland-floodplain
FLAMMABLE BIOMASS AND POST-FIRE SUCCESSION year 1
years 5-10
years 2-5
years 10+
hardwood herbaceous
post-fire
early savannah
late savannah
late scrubland to early oak woodland
early scrubland
SMALL-SCALE FIREBREAKS stream
cleared break headfire
trail backfire
cleared break headfire
Bison bison American bison
win
d
win
d
Picoides arcticus Black-backed Woodpecker Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem
wind
wind
Tympanuchus cupido Prairie chicken Dendroica kirtlandii Kirtland’s warbler
BURN AND FORM VARIANCES leaves
pine
moss
1
14
Rocky Mountains
SPECULATED RANGE OF INDIGENOUS PLAINS TRIBES
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN
LARGE-SCALE FIREBREAKS 10000 ft
Rocky Mountains
5000 ft
0 ft
10000 ft
CONCENTRATION OF BURN PRACTICE
5000 ft
0 ft
10000 ft Mississippi River
Appalachian Mountains
5000 ft
0 ft * height exaggerated for illustrative purposes
Native peoples commonly set fires to enhance forage production and to attract prey; to herd wildlife during hunts; to rid the forests of underbrush and to facilitate travel; to enhance plant production such as berry producing shrubs, mast species, and root crops; to destroy poisonous snakes and other vermin; to clear the land prior to farming; to kill trees for firewood; to rid the land of places an enemy could hide; and as an instrument of war, among many others - Charles E. Kay, Native Burning in Western North America: Implications for Hardwood Forest Management
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Blue Ribbon Park Summer internship, Germany, Emschergenossenschaft ▪ 2017 Martina Oldengott This park is one of several options for an empty parcel of land acquired by the public German waterboard, Emschergenossenschaft. The park creates a “waterrich” experience that educates surrounding communities about the importance of water protection, provides recreation, and serves as part of a larger planned network of greenspaces along the Emscher River in Nord-Rhein Westphalia. The Blue Ribbon, a tiered system of stream channels, recalls the site’s history of polder drainage while also filtering excess stormwater runoff from the northern Suderwicher stream, which runs between the municipalities Castrop-Rauxel and Recklinghausen. Martina Oldengott provided creative guidance. This plan incorporates curated design options from landscape architecture students at Rutgers University and input from the results of children’s design workshops in local neighborhoods along the Emscher.
oberflächengewässer Aufbereitung Storm Water Runoff Treatment
Leicht Light Waterflow - Dry Season
Durchschnitt Average Waterflow
Niederschlag Heavy Water Flow - Wet Season, Storm Surge
Recklinghausen Wasserabfluss Teil 1: Intensiv aufbereitung Intensive purification
Suderwicherbach Suderwicher stream
Teil 2: Mittel aufbereitung Medium purification
Wasseraufbereitung Teich Water purification pond
Teil 3: Leicht aufbereitung Light purification
Emscher
Feuchtgebiet Wetland
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15
1 2
3
16 5
6 4
8
7 1.
Krystall Hain Botanischer Garten / Crystal Grove Botanical Garden
2.
Suderwicher Feuchtwiese / “Polder” Flood Meadows
3.
Gesenktwiese Weg / Sunken Meadow Path
4.
Wiese / Open Field
5.
Regenbecker Plaza / Stormwater Basin plaza
6.
Wald Himmel Brücke / Forest Skybridge
7.
Wasseraufbereitung Wasserlilie Teich / Water Treatment Lily Pond
8.
Weizenfeld / Wheatfield
9.
Imkerhaus, Obstbäume Kreis / Beehouse, Fruit-tree Circle
10
Kinderwasserpark / Children’s Waterpark
11.
Blumenwiese / Wildflower Meadow
12.
Feuchtgebiet / Wetland
13.
Linum Weg / Flax Flower Path
14.
Aussichtsturm / Lookout Tower
15.
Wasserkreuz Brücke / Watercrossing Bridge
16.
Multikulturelle Farm / Multicultural Farmland
17.
Terrasse Farm / Terraced Farmland
17 9
10
11
12
14 0
100
200
400 meters
N
13
ORT RÄUMLICHE ELEMENTE / ON-SITE SPATIAL ELEMENTS Ort räumliche Elemente On-Site Spatial Elements
HISTORISCHE räumliche RÄUMLICHEElemente ELEMENTE Historische / HISTORICAL SPATIAL ELEMENTS Historical Spatial Elements
Halden / Slag Heaps
Landwirtschaft / Agricultural Land
Regenbecken Schacht / Rain Tank
Polder Landschaft / Polders
Promenade
Wasserkreuz / Water Crossing
Fluß / River
KONZEPTDIAGRAMME / CONCEPT LAYERS Ökologie Ökologie Ecologies
Zirkulation Circulation
Ecologies
Bereicherung Enrichment
Zirkulation Circulation
Bereicherung Enrichment horticultural
Fußwege Pedestrian
Landwirtschaft Agriculture
Bildung Education
stormwater management
flood management
agricultural
wetland
Flußufer Riparian
Radwege Bike
Entspannung Recreation
Wiese Meadows
Boot Boat
Wirtschaftlich Economic
Wald Woodland
Auto Car
Bio-Aufbereitungsbereiche Bio-treatment zones
flax, linseed underground parking
Weizenfeld Wheatfield
Wasserpflanzen Aquatic Plants
NordWiese North Meadow
Laubwald Deciduous Forest
ImmerGrünerwald Evergreen Forest
meadow and wheat honey agricultural crops
Linum Weg Flax Path
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Detail to Design / Design to Detail University of Virginia, Ecotech II ▪ 2017 Zaneta Hong As part of an overall exploration into materials, forms, fabrication, and clarity of technical drawings, I researched the Rostock Pavilion in Germany and created a new permutation of that precedent. The permutation’s logic was formed by my understanding of the Rostock Pavilion’s significant themes: Modularity, hybridity between soft organic and hard manmade structure, and permeability of temperature, wind, light, smell, and sound. To enhance these properties, I integrated separate research on metal fabrics into the design.
18
14”
10”
10”
6”
2.5”
3”
.25”
Rostock Pavilion
Cascade Bright Basic Steel
GKD Helix 24
2” 10”
.25” 3”
interchangeable interchangeable metal fabric metal fabric
soil
soil
1/4” threaded 1/4” threaded metal rod metal rod
Left: Metal fabric properties removable removable containers containers
hypertufa hypertufa base base
Right: Concept ▪▪ Interchangeable metal fabric ▪▪ Varying support height changes fabric form ▪▪ Spatial qualities dependent upon fabric form and texture ▪▪ Blend soft plant form and hard architecture ▪▪ Aesthetic can change via weathering (hypertufa base and metal structure) 19
1. Hypertufa mixture
5. Wire mesh plant containers
2. Recipe: 1 part concrete mix, .5 part vermiculite, .5 part pine needles
6. Containers with 1/4� threaded metal rod attached by 1/4� hex nuts
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3. Cast
7. Water bath for curing hypertufa and leaching lime out
4. Cast detail
8. Model assembly, ivy and moss installed
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Experience Fields / Animating Information University of Virginia Zaneta Hong, Digital Practice II ▪ 2017 Michael Lee, History of Landscape Architecture II ▪ 2017 Mary Miss’s Greenwood Pond Park served as a case study in which to understand sensory experience and the integration of art, science, and landscape. This analytical model distills the key moments in Greenwood Pond Park. Miss’s intent was to have the viewer understand the wetland environmental systems by experiencing it personally and intimately. Thus, the five threaded panels chart those different moments of experience. The red thread represents the planar field of view and reach of the sensory experience, as intended by Miss. The white mesh represents the “skin” of the landscape and water surfaces; its use is also a nod to the artist’s fondness for airy materials. The panels show the movement of the park visitor as he or she travels from dry land to a watery, immersed condition. The accompanying video animation is an exploration of methods that convey the sensory experience and ambulatory coreography while providing information about the park.
dry condition
water approach
wet condition
sunken condition
prospect
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openness
anticipation
stimulation, splash!
constrained, claustrophobic
prospect, command
https://youtu.be/F0vR5KoADKw 22
nasty
tastes ok
https://youtu.be/mX9GjHueE7I