Glossary Carbon Accounting
Carbon accounting means the systematic collection, assessment and monitoring of the direct and indirect emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. The established differentiation of the included sources of emissions pursuant to the three scopes of the “Greenhouse Gas Protocol” is as follows: Scope 1 emissions arise from emission sources within the observed system limits, for example, companies’ own power plants or vehicle fleets, Scope 2 emissions arise in connection with the production of energy obtained from external sources, above all electricity and heating from energy utilities and Scope 3 emissions encompass all other emissions which are caused by corporate activity but cannot be controlled by the given companies, for example, emissions at suppliers, providers or employees.
Materiality
Simple materiality: Analysis of how a transformation affects an actor in the form of risk, irrespective of that actor’s own behaviour (e.g. physical risks such as floods due to climate change). Basic materiality: The behaviour of an actor has ramifications for the environment (e.g. pollution by the actor of a body of water) and/or society. This does not necessarily constitute an inevitable and direct material risk for the actor in all cases, but an indirect effect is possible. It can lead to a material risk for the actor especially on account of a subsequent reputation risk. Double materiality means the simultaneous consideration of both simple and basic materiality.
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