COLOR ! D B EO SO IK G N
CHELSEA GUIMARAES
TABLE OF CONTENTS ME + COLOR Culture + COLOR Theory + COLOR Perception + COLOR Designers + COLOR Rhythm + COLOR Film + COLOR Balance + COLOR Emphasis + COLOR Environment + COLOR Hospitality + COLOR Workplace + COLOR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
M.1.
C O L O R + M E
Masters of Architecture 4th year
I believe that being a designer is almost like being a doctor. We connect to people, analyze problems, and we solve them. We are humanitarians, social developers, and we have the power and the ability to rehabilitate and to create. This is why I chose design.
D6
D6
Design 8 IMAGE of design work
D5
BAC K G R O U N D
I’m from Portugal, but born in Angola! I’m Portuguese. I’m a student-athlete. I speak Portuguese, English, Spanish, some French! I have lived in Almada, Aveiro, Miratejo, Lisboa, Atlanta, and now Miami. My Love for travelling and different cultures has taken me to so many different countries. Basketball has given me the opportunity to learn design and pursue my dreams.
I’m
6’3”...
I love to wear I love
creepers …
denim
One day I will be
dresses
…
100% hippy
…
Mohawk
…
and
My favorite hairstyle is a The best sunglasses are My favorite color is And I’m
purple
yellow...
vegan!
…
HOBBIES ? My favorite hobby is
WRITING! My second favorite hobby is
SINGING! Basketball
is
my
main activity, on a daily basis. At times I would love to explore
and
experiment
different activities, but I have no time. Is moon hobby ??
gazing
a
Personal color preferences
How does it play out in your life? Some days are darker than others, and
I love color! I think colors reflect our
on those
days,
I chose
to wear
feelings and emotions, our moods. I
the
love fashion because of color. Yellow,
Whenever
purple and blue are my favorite. I love
hard practice ahead of me, I use a
taking pictures of flowers because they
color of shades that inspires positivity
remind me of how alive we are.
and happiness.
brightest colors in my closet. I have conditioning, or a
THIS IS ME!
C O L O R + C U L T U R E
M.2.
T H E C U L T U R E
PORTUGAL
REVOLUÇÃO DOS CRAVOS
BARCO DO TEJO
PONTE 25 DE ABRIL
FADO
BAIXA DO CHIADO
RIBEIRA DO DOURO
TOURADAS
ELETRICOS
COMBOIOS DE PORTUGAL
COLHEITA DA UVA
COLOR PALLETE
PORTUGAL
Conquer, strength and virility, but
My CULTURE and country is PORTUGAL.
it also represents the blood of all of
The most powerful memory of color that I
those who died before monarchy and dictatorship ended.
have are the color of the roofs in contrast with the Tejo river and the sky, it´s as if you are constantly looking at a painting. In
Portugal is an extremely catholic country and the green represents hope , faith, optimism and belief.
my family, I think one of the main things we keep with is
public transportation. I
grew up using the boat to go to school, the
The yellow represents the maritime
train or the electric, and then a bus. Every
discovery period that is associated
morning I would cross the river, looking at
with innovation, progress, and new beginnings. That is why public transportations are yellow for the most part.
the bridge and the horizon. Those were the colors that stuck with me: the red from the bridge, the red from the roofs, the white and
Blue represents the ocean and
orange from the boats, the green and white
fisherman. In most villages houses
from the train, and the white and red from
are painted white, with 2 horizontal
the bus, the yellow from the electric. My
blue stripes. It also means peace,
house is on the other side of the river, across
serenity and harmony.
from Lisbon, under Christ King, so I had the
White represents purity, sincerity,
opportunity to see the bridge from my
truth. It is related to religion and
house, the water from my window, as well as
internal balance, provided by the belief in Christ.
the boats. Those are the colors that I will forever see, when I think of home.
ANGOLA
COLOR PALLETE
ANGOLA I have chosen ANGOLA to learn about the culture and how it uses color.
Black, in Angola, represents
I have chosen Angola because I am also from
the African continent.
there, I have double citizenship. I was born in Angola, and left with my mom and sister when I was one year old, and I haven´t
Red
represents
the
blood
spilled
by Angolans during
colonial
oppression. It also
represents the
fight for
returned, Portuguese
yet. I was raised within the culture, and never learned
much about the country where I was born. In a way Angola will always be my culture
freedom and the strength to
as well. The food and
defend the country.
things that were kept alive growing up, but
Yellow represents richness. It is a symbol of hope and joy.
the dances were
I don’t know my country. It’s history and traditions, are a part of me, even though it’s a part of me that needs to be awaken. The main difference between Angola and Portugal, is that in Angola there is extreme
with
richness, or extreme poverty. Angola is also
spirituality and positivity, as
one of the largest producers of diamonds
well as purity.
and petroleum oil, and at the same time is
White
is
associated
extremely beautiful and fragile.
•
http://www.peartreeart.com/special-commissions/
•
http://rr.sapo.pt/noticia
•
https://www.eurodicas.com.br/tradicoes-do-natal-em-p
•
https://www.noticiasaominuto.com/
•
https://www.verangola.net/va/pt/092017/MateriasPrima macao/9593/
•
https://vivimetaliun.wordpress.com/2015/09/17/tribo-hi
•
https://tvlivreangola.org/diversificacao-economica-com oportunidades-no-mar/pescaem-angola-2/
•
http://www.embajadadeangola.com/noticias/noticia-01 4.html
R E F E R E N C E S
C O L O R + T H E O R Y
M.3.
PROPERTIES OF LIGHT
WHAT IS COLOR THEORY?
The properties of light are
Color theory is the study
usually experienced in the design of
and practice of a set of principles
the physical environment: reflection,
that can be used to understand
refraction, and diffraction.
the relationships and connections
•
Reflection occurs when light
amongst colors. Understanding
strikes an object, and in the case
the role color plays in art, design
of
light
and other allied professions is
reflected back from an object
important, in order for one to
results in the color we see.
understand how to use color
Diffraction occurs when light is
properly. The scientific aspects of
partially
color are also important, when we
•
seeing
color,
the
obstructed
by
an
object. •
Refraction results when one or more light rays moves through a light medium to another.
are designing.
C O L O R + P E R C E P T I O N
M.4.
THE INFLUENCE OF COLOR •
Color has a direct relationship to the physical temperature we perceive and experience in a room.
•
Ancient
civilizations
used
natural materials ground into powders to produce pigments. From cave paintings in black and reds in France and Spain to the Italian frescos – directly on the surface of plaster walls. •
In
spaces
that
are
predominately monochromatic , applying small amounts of the hue’s
can
decrease
the
monotony and visual boredom.
C O L O R + D E S I G N E R S
M.5.
M V R D V
T H E W H Y F A C T O R Y
Color precedents
MVRDV The MVRDV approach is to pursue a radical, investigative spatial research based on the urban landscape, the public realm, and the influence of architecture on the everyday lives of
its
inhabitants and users. MVRDV uses
diagrams,
visualizations,
physical models and numerous other mediums to interrogate the design, the site, the brief, and the client’s wishes. Clarity is the keystone
of
MVRDV’s
work.
Exemplary design solutions allow the public to understand the contribution and message of a project, so that design becomes a democratic and social product.
MVRDV leads The Why Factory, an independent postgraduate research institute and for the future of the city, founded by Winy Maas in 2008. The Why Factory studies the future of urban development in a wide range of in-depth research and studio programs, by questioning
The
current architectural and urban issues and investigating potential alternatives, including
Why
everything from collective housing models to new high-rise typologies and the opportunities
Factory
presented by urban farming.
The Why Factory Several weeks after The Why Factory had moved into their new residence on the top floor of the Faculty Building of the Technical University,
the
building
was
destroyed by fire, on May 12, 2008.
The
East
conservatory
became the new residence of The Why Factory. It’s surrounded by the glass and steel structure and the
original
facades
of
the
monumental historic building, the institute
clearly
distinguishes
itself from its surroundings by its bright orange color. This strong color was chosen to emphasize the independent status of The Why Factory within the TU Delft.
The workplaces for students are
To offer an alternative to the
specifically
the
1970s interior, of the old building,
building by Richard Hutten Studio.
the goal of the furnishing was to
Eight tables for making models are
be versatile and flexible. The space
distributed in the open space. The
needed to be able to adapt to a
tables
for
wide variety of uses: studying,
exhibition displays. The project
working, meeting, model building
clearly gives The Why Factory a
and
distinct identity within the larger
exhibitions and of course parties
faculty complex and puts the
and events.
are
designed
also
for
designed
students first: they literally study on top of their mentors.
storage,
film
projections,
The ground floor of the Tribune provides a conference room and lecture room. On the first floor are the offices of various collaborators, and on the top floor is another meeting room. The interior is kept work-friendly white, for the same reason the furniture outside of the Tribune is kept black. In addition to lectures and films, the tribune can also be used as an informal workspace. This is facilitated by a strong Wi-Fi network and sockets at the seats. The pyramid form of the Tribune allows for additional workspaces on the balconies, which is practical in times of deadlines and crowds.
• https://www.mvrdv.nl/en/projects/tribune • https://www.archilovers.com/projects/62387/the-why-factory-tribune.html • https://www.archdaily.com.br/br/01-69544/bienal-de-veneza-2012-freeland-eporous-city-mvrdv-mais-the-why-factory?ad_medium=gallery • https://www.archdaily.com/882300/mvrdv-designs-multicolored-tetris-hotel-fordutch-design-week-2017 • https://www.e-architect.co.uk/amsterdam/wozoco-mvrdv
R E F E R E N C E S
M.6. C O L O R + R H Y T H M
TYPES OF RHYTHM There are five types of associated
with
color:
rhythm
repetition,
alternation, progression, continuation, and
radiation.
Designers
use
inspirations from many places, and this is one of them. The rhythm of music, or of an orchestra can give a lot to a design.
M.7. C O L O R + F I L M
T H E L I F E O F P I
SUMMARY An aspiring Canadian author interviews the Indian storyteller Pi Patel to hear about his adventures. Pi recounts his upbringing in French-occupied India, where his father owned a zoo. When Pi's family business fails, they embark on a sea voyage to Canada to begin a new life. One night aboard their Japanese cargo ship, a violent and deadly storm hits and sinks nearly all that Pi holds dear. He survives in a lifeboat with several of their zoo animals, including a Bengal tiger. Pi and the tiger forge an unexpected connection that gives him daily motivation to live. Life of Pi is a tale of faith, hope, and the fight to survive.
Life of Pi is a movie about experiences and it uses colors as a way to create the different intimate and connective scenes throughout the movie. The colors are symbols that follow suit to the sounds and visual images we see in the movie.
ORANGE
Orange represents rewarding ambition - it is mostly associated with Hinduism and Buddhism, as it is considered as a sacred color and because of its higher visibility; it is mostly associated with safety purposes. In color psychology, ―it combines the energy of red and happiness of yellow, and it is mixed with enthusiasm, happiness, creativity and determination. The author has used orange color as the symbol of hope and spirituality - Pi, the protagonist is a spiritual person who follows Hinduism, Christianity and Islam, as we can see in the movie.
GREEN
Green is the color of beauty, joy, health and hope; it is the loyalty in love as it portrays growth, fertility and harmony. It is considered as the peaceful color for the human eyes. It is closely associated with the Islam and it has great strength and gives hope more than any other colors. In this scene green is the symbol of hope - the author symbolizes green to give a new life and a new hope.
BLUE
Blue is a cool and calming color that shows creativity and intelligence; it symbolizes loyalty, strength, wisdom and trust. Blue color meaning is also known to have a calming effect on the psyche. Blue seeks peace and tranquility and promotes physical and mental relaxation. The color blue reduces stress and creates a sense of calmness, relaxation and order. In the movie we constantly see the ocean, and as much as Pi struggles and fights for his life there is always this sense of security and trust from the sea and the sky that we obtain throughout the movie.
References
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294699280_Colours_as_Symbols_in_Life_o f_Pi • https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/18/movies/creating-a-tiger-for-life-of-pi.html • https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/reviewsrecommendations/film-week-life-pi • https://letterboxd.com/film/life-of-pi/ • https://sojo.net/articles/life-pi-story-make-you-believe-god • http://cerisbutterworth.blogspot.com/2013/02/a-life-without-colouris-very-dull.html
R E F E R E N C E S
M.8. C O L O R + B A L A N C E
COLOR AND PROPORTION •
It is important to know how to express the way proportions should be considered in the context of the scale of the space and
amount
of
lighting
available. •
As designers the use of the grid is extremely important -
and
understanding how to connect both the grid and proportion of the space to the scale of the room and objects, is extremely important. •
These factors enhance and alter the scale and proportion of our environment.
C O L O R + E M P H A S I S
M.9.
A D I D A S
HUE VALUE TEXTURE FOCAL POINT DESIGN FEATURES
HUE The best example of the contrast of hue is in the area where there is a bright lighted basketball court on the ceiling, with a bright white and almost neon blue. Then the two big screens in a lighter red but intense in light still calling for attention; both of these two features contrast with the black furniture and the black clothes on the mannequins. This room is with no doubt, the most eye-catching of the store. The hue and brightness play a big role in this interior, making it very strong and appealing.
VALUE
Value is shown in subtle ways throughout the interior of the store. The products reveal and enhance a contrast of
value along with the
materials and colors used. The
walls
are
made
of
unpolished concrete, of
a
dark tone of grey, giving the opportunity
for
a
nice
contrast with reds, whites, blacks. This allows for the shoes to stand out from the wall and not to blend with its surroundings.
TEXTURE The interior design of the store is rough and rustic, intentionally. It reveals materials like polished and board-formed concrete, steel and chain-link, and exposed ducts and conduits that give the space its toughness. This use of the materials reflects how a stadium would look – not
fancy or
polished, made out of concrete, cinder
blocks.
Stadiums
are
extremely utilitarian, and this is one of the messages that the brand is trying to impose: that is all about the sport and the athlete – the creator.
FOCAL POINT The focal point of the store is the entrance. It takes the user through a journey of texture and materiality into the world of
sports. The
client walks straight into stadium style seating that is moving upwards. These can be used for the exhibition of new products or for launch parties, as well as seating areas that will allow for people to watch. They define the concept of the design by translating Adidas’s brand identity space.
into
the
interior
DESIGN FEATURE My favorite design feature of this project is “The Turf � which is an area designed like an actual soccer field with the seating areas and the turf. In this area people get to explore and try on new products while actually experimenting them on the turf field. The interesting thing about this area is how rough it is and how
intentionally
the
materials and textures are exposed for the client to live in the environment of sports, and create its own, at the same time.
•
https://www.nycgo.com/shopping/the-adidas-store
R E F E R E N C E S
C O L O R + E N V I R O N M E N T
M.10.
C O L O R I N N A T U R E
COLOR PALLETES
Lavender is a shade of purple, and it
A
is known to be a spiritual color, soft
complements well with lighter
and atmospheric.
shades
darker of
Creating
shade pink
a
of and
good
pink purple.
feeling
of
harmony.
The color purple represents bravery,
Pink is a very feminine color that
mystery,
influences positivity. It is also an
royalty
and
something
sacred.
indicator
of
sweetness,
of
something delicate and passion.
Yellow – gold represents physical,
A pale tone of yellow represents
active, honor, loyalty and wealth.
something cheerful and happy. It also speaks to vitality, hope, optimism and self-esteem.
RENDERING
In this render we can observe how the bright colors create for a cheerful and colorful environment. This room could be used for a thematic occasion, because of how bright and unique it is.
• Reed Ron, Color+Design Transforming interior space, Bloomsbury
R E F E R E N C E S
C O L O R + H O S P I T A L I T Y
M.11.
T H E M A N D A R I N O R I E N T A L
LA MAR RESTAURANT COLOR AND PATTERN + TEXTURE
The pattern used in this area of the restaurant is systematic and horizontal. The wood used on the floor follows the pattern of the wood used on the wall, even though they appear to have different textures. The shape of the marble table is perpendicular to the wall creating a focus point towards the seating area; this contrast between the different
materials
and
their
colors creates harmony. And the texture of the green wall gives the space a natural visual quality.
LA MAR RESTAURANT COLOR AND PATTERN + TEXTURE The
pattern,
colors
and
textures used in this area of the restaurant
create
great
harmony and unifies the space. The rough surface on the ceiling contrasts
with
the
smooth
surface of the floor. The materiality and texture of the chairs harmonize with the texturized the surface of the balcony where they prepare drinks.
The
change
in
materiality on the balcony (blue material to wood) identify a change in the space – entrance to seating area.
HOTEL LOBBY VARIETY AND INTEREST
THE GRID
The hotel lobby shows variety; it
There is a clear usage of a grid
has
of
in the layout of the interior
with
space of the lobby, but also
shape, form, pattern and texture to
between the rectangular shapes
create diversity and contrast in the
of
interior.
horizontally and the circular
There is a balance between visual
shape of the chairs, or even the
variety
rugs
several
different
color
and
combinations elements
visual
dullness,
represented in this area. The different colors and types of wood the materiality of the seats and rugs, contrasts with the walls, and there is a diversity in the tones used.
the
–
rectangles.
wood
that
that
are
follow
larger
HOTEL LOBBY
CONTRAST This area of the lobby uses more contrast in order to hold the attention of the viewer and create a
visually
stimulating
environment in the bar area.
At the same time, the contrast is not overpowering the patterns and tones of the color pallet that unify the space, and make it inviting. It could have more high-contrast colors to attract attention to the bar, which is the main feature for the lobby, during the evening or night.
• https://www.idesignarch.com/macquarie-group-revolutionary-workplacedesign/ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Oriental,_Miami • Reed Ron, Color+Design Transforming interior space, Bloomsbury
R E F E R E N C E S
C O L O R + W O R K P L A C E
M.12.
M A C Q U A R I E G R O U P
PATTERN Pattern is created when shape and color is repeated in an arranged manner. The repetitive pattern that shape of the wood creates, relates to the pattern of the wall paper. In this case the material textures and the color harmony all work simultaneously.
TEXTURE Texture adds harmony through sense of touch. The texture of the carpet
contrasts
with
the
smoothness of the texture of the doors. On the wall one can observe the presence of wood, and how its rough texture gives depth to the room and contrasts with the color pallet used.
LINES Lines connect points within a space. This space uses horizontal lines of the floor, that connect with the vertical lines that split and create the grid for each of the individual rooms. Horizontal lines emphasize the width from the offices, and the vertical lines call attention to the unique design and shape of each individual office.
SHAPE Shapes or figures originate from two or more lines coming together to form a two dimensional image. The square is a combination of vertical and horizontal lines, and it is stable and secure with its predictable equal sides. The strong and vibrant colors used inside of each of these squares, shorten the perceived length of the space. It adds rhythm and a unique experience for visitors.
THE EXPERIENCE In this project we can find a full balanced
harmony
between
several elements: texture, shape, color, lines. The space is visually more attractive and interesting because each room or office has a vibrant color. This creates a pattern in itself, where each interior room has an established color palette – contrasting with each other. And the exterior areas of the offices (walkways, walls, structure), have a more neutral
color palette, which
creates
a
premeditated
distinctive division within the workspace.
• https://www.idesignarch.com/macquarie-group-revolutionaryworkplace-design/
R E F E R E N C E S
Throughout this book I have been able to explore and learn about color and its relationship with its surroundings. Color is such a vital part of being human, our health, our well-being, our moods. It gives us harmony and balance, and it has the ability to influence a space, and completely change the environment and feeling of a room. Many times, we have learned to use color to express our feelings and emotions – red can be used to express love; pink can be used to express feminism; white can be used to express purity and calmness; blue can be seen as the color for harmony; and many see green as the color of hope and belief, as well as money. It is hard to think, who would we be without color in our lives?
C O N C L U S I O N