Quick Guide to China An insightful introduction to Chinese language, culture, living, working, socializing and travelling in China
速成中国通 外国人汉语学习+文化旅游小手册 By SN Mandarin Chinese School
Š 2014, SN Mandarin Shanghai Edited and published by SN Mandarin, an imprint of Shanghai Xinfu Culture Co. Ltd. Most images with SN Mandarin Logo in this ebook are from SN Mandarin and other stock images have been legitimately from image providers. This ebook is protected under the Creative Commons license. No commercial use, no changes. Feel free to share it, post it, print it, or copy it. This ebook is also available for free to download from: www.snmandarin.com. We know there are still much more good things to add and enrich this Guide. Please email us any of your ideas, suggestions to us to better this guide together. And of course, it’s just a guide, if you are serious in learning Chinese and want to learn faster and better, please feel free to contact SN Mandarin.
Contents I
About Chinese Language
II TOP 10 Tips of Learning Chinese III Learning Chinese in TOP 10 Survival TOPICS IV Chinese Learning Resources V Tips for living in Shanghai, China ----Shanghai introduction ----Top 10 Shanghai attractions ----Top 9 Ancient Water Town Near Shanghai
VI Top Shanghai Restaurant VII Best Cycling Routes around Shanghai VIII Chinese Behavior Philosophy-Know how to get along with Chinese IX VIII Hot Shanghai Tours X How to Play Chinese Mahjong (Introduction)
I About Chinese Language Brief Introduction --- Hanyu, Chinese Language Mandarin Chinese, which is called “putonghua”in mainland China and “guoyu” in Taiwan, is the official language of Mainland China and Taiwan, and is one of the official languages of Singapore and the United Nations. It is the most widely-spoken language in the world. It is estimated that there are about 1.6 billion people who can speak Mandarin and almost 100 million people learning Mandarin. In the past, many foreigners learn Mandarin just because they are interested in Mandarin which seems mysterious to them. Nowadays, with the development of China’s economy, more and more foreigners come to work or find a job in China. Therefore, one reason of the foreigners learning Mandarin is for their future career. The most specific differences between Mandarin and other languages are the tones and Chinese characters. Different tones have different meanings and different Chinese characters share the same pronunciation.
System of pronunciation Since 1978, pinyin has been used to describe name of Chinese people and place. Pronunciation of Mandarin has two aspects: syllables and tones. A syllable usually consists of an initial which is a consonant that begins the syllable, and a final, which constitutes the rest of the syllable. For example, in the syllable “ping”, “p” is the initial and “ing” is the final. Mandarin has 21 initials and 38 finals in total. Mandarin is a tonal language that uses tonal inflections to determine meanings of words. There are 4 tones in the Mandarin language, and their mastery is essential for anyone learning Mandarin. There is also a neutral tone that goes without any tone mark above, pronounced shortly and light.
The Four Tones of Mandarin Pinyin
Chinese Character
Meaning
Mā
妈
Mother
Má
麻
Hemp
Mǎ
马
Horse
Mà
骂
Scold
Ma
吗
final interrogative particle
Grammar
Mandarin grammar can be challenging for anyone learning the language. Generally speaking, the structure of sentence in Chinese is SVO (subject + verb+ object). But, in some ways it is simpler than the grammar of European languages because there are no subject / verb agreements to worry about. For example, English speakers use tenses to indicate actions in time. There are tenses for the past, present and future, with corresponding rules for verb conjugation and sentence structure. Mandarin Chinese does not have these types of tenses. Chinese verbs do not conjugate. The English verb “go,” for example, conjugates as “going, gone, went,” whereas the Chinese qù (go) is always the same no matter what the time frame is. Instead of tense, Mandarin speakers can specify time frames with aspect, which determines the state or progress of an action.
II TOP 10 Tips in Learning Chinese Language
1、Set goals Students will get a sense of achievement if they set goals like learn 300 characters in six months. And then they won’t realize it, but they will soon get to the point where they become the Chinese expert among their friends!
2、Don’t be afraid of characters Beginners, and even people who have lived in Shanghai for four or five years, are often reluctant to learn characters. Characters are extremely important and they’re not that difficult if you learn them in the right way. They shouldn’t be an obstacle to your learning and are an important instrument that will help you to master Chinese faster.
3、Use it or lose it I teach my students to use the language and not to just understand the language. At SN Mandarin we use real life teaching materials so students can communicate with local people very easily and have a sense of achievement. once they have got that confidence, they will naturally want to learn more.
4、Get in the lab In our school we have a language lab where you can read a sentence and the computer tells you if it’s correct or not. it then plays it back to you along with the correct way of pronouncing. it’s very important because students can memorize characters themselves, but they can’t learn pronunciation by themselves.
5、Be in China
A lot of the foreigners are in shanghai, but aren’t really in Shanghai, in China. There’s not a lot of difference between their life in London or Paris or New York and their life here. The restaurants they go to, the apartment they live in, the office they work in are all international so it’s really hard to be motivated to learn Chinese. Even if they think they want to learn. They need to use the language in a real Chinese environment and realize that speaking and understanding Chinese will enrich their life in Shanghai.
6、Be patient It took you at least three years to learn your mother tongue so don’t expect to become proficient in Chinese in a few months of lessons. It takes about 40 hours to learn basic street level Chinese and it takes one year to master it if you study two hours a day.
7、Drop in on Chinese corner At our school we have a Chinese language corner every day, Monday to Friday, for an hour and a half. We choose a topic to discuss and a teacher is always there and there are usually 10 to 20 students in attendance. It’s good practice to listen to students from other countries speak Chinese.
8、Read the classics Even for beginners I would recommend reading. There is a series called Han Yu Feng that is only 15RMB /book with a CD from bookshops on Fuzhou Road. as soon as students know 300 words they can read the red covers and when they know 500 words then can read the green covers. for intermediates there’s a good series called Book Worms that is actually for Chinese students to learn English. They are more than 40 classic novels rewritten in simple English with the Chinese translation there on the next page.
9、Go internet shopping Using Chinese characters to search online is a great way to learn. I encourage my students to buy things on Taobao because they have to communicate with the shop boss in Chinese and they can buy stuff at a very good price!
10、Make friends with your Chinese teacher Chinese teachers are very happy to be friends with their students. And the vest teachers get to know their students’ personalities so that they know the way they learn. You have to know Chinese people to know Chinese life and language.
III Learning Chinese in TOP 10 TOPICS 1、Greeting 问候 (1) N ǐ hǎo ma？– How are you? Nǐ hǎo，Amanda，nǐ hǎo mɑ？ (2) Duì bù qǐ – Apologize A: 你 好， Amanda，你 好 吗？ Duì bù qǐ A:Hello. Amanda, How are you? A:对 不 起 Hěn hǎo， nǐ ne？ A: I’m sorry. B: 很 好， 你 呢？ Méi guān xi B:Great. And you? B:没 关 系 Wǒ yě hěn hǎo。 B: It’s alright. A:我 也 很 好。 (3) Xièxiè – To say thank you A:I 'm fine, too Xièxiè！ A: 谢 谢 ！ A: Thank you! Bú kè qi B: 不 客 气 B: You’re welcome
2、Self introduction and making friends 自我介绍和交友 (1) wǒ jiào … – My name is… Nǐhǎo，wǒ jiào Bella。Nǐ shì……? A: 你 好， 我 叫 Bella。你 是……？ A: Hello, my name is Bella. And you are……? Nǐhǎo，wǒ jiào Amanda。 B:你好， 我 叫 Amanda。 B: Hello, my name is Amanda.
(2)Nǐ shìnǎ guó rén？ – Where are you come from? Nǐ shì nǎ ɡuó rén？ A:你 是 哪 国 人？ A: Where are you come from? Wǒ shì měiɡuórén。 B:我 是 美国人。 B: I'm an American.
(jiā ná dà rén \ yīnɡ ɡuó rén \ rìběn rén \ hán ɡuó rén \ é luo sī rén\ xī bān yá rén) ( 加拿大人 \ 英国人 \ 日本人 \ 韩国人 \ 俄罗斯人 \ 西班牙人 ) ( Canadian \ British \ Japanese \ Korean \ Russian\ Spanish )
(3) Gōngzuò – Job Nǐ shì zuò shénme ɡōnɡzuò de？ A:你 是 做 什么 A: What do you do ?
工作
的？
Wǒ shì lǎoshī。 B:我 是 老师。 B: I am a teacher.
(4) Hěn gāoxìng rènshi nǐ！–Nice to meet you! Hěn ɡāoxìnɡ rènshi nǐ！ A:很 高兴 认识 你！ A: Nice to meet you! Wǒ yě shì B:我 也 是! B: Me too!
( zhíyuán \ jǐnɡchá \ yīshenɡ \ hùshi） （ 职员 \ 警察 \ 医生 \ 护士） ( clerk \ police \ doctor \ nurse )
3、Ask the way 问路 （1） 。 。 。zěnme zǒu？– ask the way
Qǐnɡ wèn rénmínɡuánɡchǎnɡ zěnme zǒu？ A:请 问 人民广场 怎么 走？ A: Can you tell me the way to people's Square? Yì zhí wǎnɡ qián zǒu ， dào lù kǒu yòu ɡuǎi / zuǒ ɡuǎi 。 B: 一直 往 前 走， 到 路 口 右 拐/ 左 拐。 B:Go straight, and turn right/left at the first crossing. (2) Qǐngwèn nǎlǐ yǒu..？–Where’s the Toilet? shànghǎi huǒchēzhàn / hóngkǒu zúqiúchǎnɡ ( 上海火车站 / 虹口足球场 / (Shanghai train station / Hongkou football stadium / hóngqiáo jīchǎng / pǔdōnɡ jīchǎnɡ/ xújiāhuì 虹桥机场 / 浦东 机场 / 徐家汇 ) / Hongqiao Airport / Pudong Airport / Xujiahui )
Qǐnɡ wèn nǎlǐ yǒu cèsuǒ ？ A: 请 问 哪里 有 厕所 ？ A: Excuse me, where can I find a Toilet? Dìtiězhàn lǐ yǒu cèsuǒ. B: 地铁站 里 有 厕所. B: There is a toilet in the Metro station.
4、Asking about the time 时间 (1) Jīntiān jǐ hào？– ask the date
(2) Xiànzài jǐ diǎn le？– ask the time
Jīntiān jǐ hào？ A:今天 几 号? A: What’s the date today? Sì yuè yī hào B: 四 月 一 号 B: April 1st
Xiànzài jǐ diǎn le？ A: 现在 几 点 了？ A: What time is it now? 12diǎn 05 fēn （wǎnshɑnɡ） 。 B:12 点 05 分 （晚上） 。 B: Twelve five (night)
yī yuè yī hào / bā yuè shí wǔ hào / wǔ yuè yī hào / shí yuè yī hào （一 月 一号 / 八 月 十 五 号 / 五 月 一 号 / 十 月 一 号 ） （January 1st
/
August 15th
/
May 1st
/
October 1st ）
shí èr diǎn / bā diǎn yí kè ( bā diǎn shí wǔ ) / jiǔ diǎn bàn（jiǔ diǎn sān shí） 十 二 点 / 八 点 12：00
一刻 ( 八 点 8:15
十 五) /
九 点
半（九 点 9:30
三 十）
shí èr diǎn sān kè（shí èr diǎn sì shí wǔ） chà wǔ fēn shísān diǎn（shí èr diǎn wǔ shí wǔ） 十 二 点
三 刻（ 十 二 点 四 十 五）
差
五 分 十 三
12:45
点（
十 二 点 五 十 五）
12:55
5、In the restaurant 在饭店 (1) Diǎn cān - order the food Fúwùyuán，càidān！ A:服务员， 菜单！ A: Waiter, Menu please! Nín xiǎnɡ chī diǎn shénme？ B:您 想 吃 点 什么？ B: What do you want to eat? Wǒ yào chī miàn hé mǐfàn。 A:我 要 吃 面 和 米饭。 A: I want to eat noodles and rice. Hǎo de。 B:好 的。 B: OK.
After a while… (2) mǎi dān - Check and pay Fúwùyuán, mǎi dān，duōshǎo qián？ A: 服务员， 买 单， 多 少 钱？ A: Waiter, check bill please, how much is it? 40 yuán。 B:40 元。 B: 40 yuán. Gěi nǐ。 A: 给 你。 A: Here you are
6、In the market -Shopping 买东西 wèn jià gé -- Ask the Price and Bargaining Qǐnɡ wèn，zhè ɡe duōshǎo qián A:请 问， 这 个 多少 钱 ？ A: Excuse me, how much is this? 5 yuán。 B:5 元 。 B:5 yuan. Tài ɡuì le，piányi yì diǎn bɑ！ A:太 贵 了，便宜 一 点 吧！ A:It is too expensive, Can you give this for cheaper? 3 yuán。 B: 3 元 。 B: 3 yuan.
7、Make a phone call 打电话 dǎ diàn huà --- make a call Wèi nǐ hǎo， qǐnɡ wèn nǎ wèi？ A:喂， 你 好， 请 问 哪 位？ A: Hello, who is speaking? Nǐhǎo, wǒ shì Bella，Amanda? B:你好， 我 是 Bella，Amanda？ B: Hello, This is Bella, is Amanda speaking? Shì wǒ。nǐ hǎo，Bella。shén me shì？ A:是 我。 你好， Bella。 什 么 事？ A: Yes, it’s me. What’s up?
Hǎo de，wǒ yào liǎnɡ ge。 A: 好 的，我 要 两 个。 A: OK, I ‘ll take two. 6 yuán B: 6 元 B: 6yuan Wǒ méi línɡqián ，ɡěi nǐ 10 yuán A:我 没 零钱， 给 你 10 元 A: I have no change, give you 10yuan Zhǎo nǐ 4 yuán B:找 你 4 元 B: Here is your change, 4 yuan
Wǎnshɑnɡ yìqǐ chīfàn bɑ 。 B: 晚上 一起 吃饭 吧。 B: Let’s have a dinner together tonight. Jǐdiǎn jiànmiàn？ A:几点 见面？ A: What time should we meet? Wǎnshɑnɡ 8 diǎn，jiǔdiàn ménkǒu。 A: 晚上 8 点， 酒店 门口。 B: 8 in the evening, in front of the hotel. Hǎode，zài jiàn。 A:好的， 再 见 A: Good, see you. Zài jiàn B:再 见。 B: See you.
8、In the bank 在银行 huàn rén mín bì– exchange to RMB Nǐhǎo，wǒ xiang huàn rénmínbì。 A:你好， 我 想 换 人民币。 A: Hello, I would like to exchange my money to RMB. Huàn duōshao？ B: 换 多少？ B: How much do you want to change? 500 měi yuán 。 A: 500 美 元 。 A: 500 Dollar Gěi nín qián，3000 yuán B: 给 您 钱， 3000 元。 B: Here is your money, 3000 yuan. Duìle， xièxiè。 A: 对 了， 谢谢。 A: Okay, thank you.
ōu yuán / ào yuán 欧 元/ 澳 元 Euro/the Australian dollars
9、Buy tickets 买票
(1) mǎi huǒ chē piào --- buy train tickets Nín hǎo ！ Yì zhānɡ xià wǔ sān diǎn dào hánɡ zhōu de huǒ chē piào 。 A: 您 好！ 一 张 下 午 三 点 到 杭 州 的 火 车 票。 A: Hi, （I want） A train ticket at 3pm to hangzhou. Qǐnɡ shāo děnɡ 。 èr shí wǔ kuài 。 Qǐnɡ chū shì nín de hù zhào 。 B:请 稍 等。 二 十 五 块。 请 出 示 您 的 护 照。 B:Please wait a moment. twenty-five yuan. Please show me your passport. (Show the passport……) Xièxiè！Gěi nǐ piào 。 B:谢谢！ 给 你 票。 B:Thank you! Here you are. Gěi nǐ qián ，Zài jiàn ！ A: 给 你 钱。 再 见！ A: Here is the money. Bye! Zài jiàn ！ B:再 见！ B:Bye！
10、Booking a Hotel 订酒店 dìng jiǔ diàn – book a hotel Nǐ hǎo，háiyǒu fángjiān ma？ A:你 好，还 有 房 间 吗？ A: Hello, is there a room available? Yǒu。 B:有。 B: Yes. Wǒ yào yìjiān dānrénfánɡ。 A:我 要 一 间 单人房。 A: I want a single room.
Nǐ yào zhù jǐ wǎn？ B: 你 要 住 几 晚？ B: How many days are you going to stay? Sān wǎn。 A: 三 晚。 A: Three nights. Hǎo，360 yuán，hái yǒu 100 yuán yā jīn 。 B: 好， 360 元， 还 有 100 元 押 金。 B: Well, 360 yuan, and 100 yuan deposit Hǎode，gěi nǐ qián A: 好的， 给 你 钱。 A: OK, Here is the money.
Qǐng chū shì nín de hù zhào 。 B:请出示您的护照。 B:Please show me your passport. Hǎo de A: 好的。 A: Ok. Fángjiān 201，zhèshìyàoshi B:房间 201， 这是 钥匙。 B: Room 201, here is the key Hǎo de，zài jiàn。 A: 好 的，再见！ A: Ok,Bye. Zài jiàn！ B:再见！ B: bye.
IV Chinese Learning Resources 汉语学习资源 Click on the title to see the target website Chinese Language Mandarin Tools: Contains dictionary, flashcards, and character input methods. Chinese Tools: Helpful tools for pronunciation, translation, and converting from traditional to simplified characters. MDBG: Includes dictionary, translation tools, as well as character flashcard quizzes. Language Learning Library: Good reference with lists of nouns, verbs, etc. by categories Free Chinese Learning Video online: Beginner to Elementary Video Lessons
Dictionaries, Annotation, and Translation AltaVista - Babel Fish Chinese-English Translation: Paste English or Chinese text at this site for translation. Google Chinese-English Translator: Paste English or Chinese text at this site for translation. Adsotrans - Mouseover Chinese-English Annotation: Paste Chinese text into annotator, mouse-over for pinyin/English translation. Dict.cn: Includes up-to-date entries with helpful sample sentences. MDBG Chinese-English Dictionary: Tells you every word a given character belongs to. Hanzibar Firefox Extension, Chinese-English: Great for reading Chinese Web pages. Look at the how-to flash demo on this page. Chinese-english/English-chinese Practical Dictionary
Typing Chinese Characters Chinese Input Tool For Windows: More user-friendly than the program included with Windows. Google Input Method Editor: One of the best IMEs available for free download.
Finding a Chinese Name Find your Chinese Name: Type your name, and see your Chinese name with pinyin pronunciation. Chinese Names: Chinese Names: Free Chinese name translation from English to Chinese symbols and characters. Names in Chinese: See how your name looks in Chinese characters.
Chinese Culture China On Site: Information on Chinese art, cooking, and famous ancient legends, etc. About.com : Covers all topics related to Chinese culture and modern society. Chinese Culture Net: Promotes Chinese music, literature, and art. Everything Chinese: Online discussion of Chinese culture. China the Beautiful: Wealth of information on Chinese history, festivals, poetry, etc
Recommended Shanghai Chinese School SN Mandarin Shanghai: A highly recommended Chinese school under university supervision.
V Tips for living in Shanghai, China 生活在上海 -------- Shanghai Introduction
上海简介
Shanghai 上海;（Shànghǎi) is the largest city of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It is one of the four province-level municipalities of the PRC, with a total population of over 23.8 million as of 2013. It is a global city, with influence in commerce, culture, finance, media, fashion, technology, and transport. It is a major financial center and the busiest container port in the world. Shanghai is a popular tourist destination renowned for its historical landmarks such as The Bund, City God Temple and Yuyuan Garden, as well as the extensive and growing Pudong skyline. It has been described as the "showpiece" of the booming economy of mainland China.
Shanghai is administratively equal to a province and is divided into 17county-level divisions: 16 districts and one county. Even though every district has its own urban core, the real city center is between Bund to the east, Nanjing Rd to the north, Old City Temple and Huai hai Road to the south. Prominent central business areas include Lujiazui on the east bank of the Huang pu River, and The Bund and Hong qiao areas in the west bank of the Huangpu River. The city hall and major administration units are located in Huangpu District, which also serve as a commercial area, including the famous Nanjing Road. Other major commercial areas include Xintiandi and the classy Huaihai Road (previously Avenue Joffre) in Luwan district and Xujiahui (formerly rendered in English as Zikawei, reflecting the Shanghainese pronunciation) in Xuhui District. Many universities in Shanghai are located in residential areas of Yangpu District and Putuo District. Shanghai District Downtown District 中心城区
Huangpu Xuhu Changning Jing'an Putuo Zhabei Hongko Yangpu 黄浦 徐汇 长宁 静安 普陀 闸北 虹口 杨浦
Suburban District 郊区
Pudong Baoshan Minhang Jiading Jinshan Songjiang Qingpu Fengxian 浦东 宝山 闵行 嘉定 金山 松江 青浦 奉贤
Suburban Country 郊县
Chongming 崇明
V Tips for living in Shanghai, China 生活在上海 --------
A：Top 10 Shanghai Attractions 上海十大景点
dōng fāng míng zhū
1. The orient Pearl TV Tower 东
方
明
珠
General Introduction:简介 The orient Pearl TV Tower is 468 meters high,the tallest in Asia and third tallest in the world. It faces the Bund across the Huangpu River. When viewed from the Bund, the tower and the Nanpu and Yangpu bridges create a vivid imagery known as "two dragons playing with a pearl." The sphere at the top has a diameter of 45 meters and is 263 meters above ground. The observation deck in the sphere offers a sweeping view of the city. The revolving restaurant is set at 267 meters above Pudong New Area. The dance ball, piano bar and 20 karaoke rooms, at 271 meters, are also opened to the public. The penthouse, which sits at 350 meters, has an observation deck, meeting room, and coffee shop. The tower integrates broadcasting technologies with sightseeing, catering, shopping, amusement, and accommodations. It has become the symbol of the city and a major tourist attraction in Shanghai. Transportation:交通 Bus: 81; 313; 583; 961; 985; Or you can take Metro line 2 to Lujiazui Station.
2. Nanjing Road
nánjīnglù 南
京 路
General Introduction:简介 Even if you are not a shopaholic, please spare an hour to visit Shanghai’s premier shopping street – Nanjing Road. There are upscale department stores within 1920s-style buildings, along with world-famous brands and restaurants. This place is ideal to shop for authentic Shanghainese snacks and souvenirs. If you don’t want to walk, a trackless sightseeing train only costs three yuan. After dark, flashing neon signs ilroadminate the magnificent buildings and make Nanjing Road shine.
Transportation:交通 Bus: 20;37;921;18;17;22;55;21;23. Or you can take Metro line 1,2 or 8 to People’s Square Station.
3. ChenghuangMiaoTemple
chénghuángmiào 城
隍
庙
General Introduction:简介 This is one of the most remarkable landmarks in Shanghai. You must go there to taste the authentic, world-famous Shanghai Nanxiang Juicy Bun. There are also plenty of traditional Chinese restaurants and souvenir shops, alongside Starbucks. Transportation:交通 Bus: 11;22;126;64;55;65;66;316;320.
4. The Bund
wàitān 外 滩
General Introduction:简介 Located along the Huangpu River, the Bund shows off Shanghai’s outstanding foreign buildings, most of which were erected before 1937. There are lots of sightseeing cruises that let you view the beautiful Bund every night. Make sure to go on one of these cruises. Transportation:交通 Bus::33;37;42;55;65;123;135;145;868;921;928.
5. Shanghai Xintiandi
xīntiāndì 新
天 地
General Introduction:简介 Shanghai Xintiandi in Shanghai is an historical and cultural character of the city tourist attractions. Xintiandi is located downtown nestled between the towering skyscrapers; it is one of the busiest urban tourist attractions and imbued with the city's historical and cultural legacies.
Shanghai Xintiandi's Shikumen building was created by converting residential blocks into a multifunctional dining, retail and entertainment center flowing with restaurants, boutiques, cafes and bars of an international standard Transportation:交通 Bus: 146;781;911;926;42; Or you can take Metro line 1 to South Huangpi Road Station,Metro line 10 to Xintiandi Station.
6. The People’s Square
rénmínguǎngchǎng 人 民
广
场
General Introduction:简介 People's square is a spectacular space in the heart of the city. it is a garden-type open space surrounded by buildings and facilities for administration, cultural activities, transportation and commerce. The People's Park, People's Mansion and Shanghai Museum are sitting on the central axis. The central square lies between People's Mansion and Shanghai Museum with two smaller squares on each side. The total area covers up to 1,806,600 square meters. the central square is arranged with a 320-square-meter water fountain, a Shanghai map and the ground is laid with granite stone. There are 36 lights with stereo around the central square and 6 pieces of relief which reflect history and culture of Shanghai. Transportation:交通 Bus: 18;108;167;518;537;584; 802. Or you can take Metro line 1,2or8 to People’s Square Station.
7. Former French Concession fǎ zū jiè 法 租 界 General Introduction:简介 The French Concession is the area of Shanghai once designated for the French colonialists and consists of today's Luwan and Xuhui Districts. It is said that the charm of Shanghai lies in the old street and neighborhoods that make up the former French Concession. It is a great area to explore, from the old European buildings in shady avenues to the cafes and restaurants and upmarket shopping area in Huaihu Road. You will find fashionable boutiques selling everything from designer handbags to pricey skills.
8. Zhujiajiao Town
zhū jiā jiǎo 朱 家 角 General Introduction:简介 Zhujiajiao is the best-preserved ancient water town among the four ancient towns in Shanghai with a history of 1700 years. In the period of the Three Kingdoms there were already country fairs in Zhujiajiao and the business prospered in the Ming Dynasty. Now Zhujiajiao is a graceful and quiet town. walking on the zigzag stone pathway and the winding long lanes, you would feel like walking in an elegant and fresh painting. small rivers shaded by willow trees, bridges over the river, houses dated back to the ming and Qing
Dynasties, unsophisticated local people, all of these are the charm of the small town.
Location: Zhujiajiao town, Qingpu district, Shanghai Comments: known as "the venice of Shanghai", Zhujiajiao is a well-preserved ancient water town in Shanghai.
9. Shanghai World Financial Center --- huán qiú jīn rónɡ zhōnɡ xīn 环球金融中心 General Introduction:简介 Shanghai World Financial Center is the highest building in Shanghai, it creates Shanghai new landmark with Oriental Pearl TV Tower and Jinmao Tower. It takes about 1 minute from first floor to 95th by the elevator with a speed of 10 meters per second. In the 100th viewing pavilion, visitors can see the peak of Oriental Pearl TV Tower and Jinmao Tower. In the 55 meters long viewing gallery, visitors can see the moving cars and passerby clearly through 3 transparent glass floors. The observation bridge atop the building will be the highest outdoor observation deck in the world.
10. Tian Zi Fang
tiánzǐfāng 田 子 坊
General Introduction:简介 Have you ever been to shanghai? If you are going to travel to shanghai, you must have a walk at TianZiFang, which locates at Taikang Street in shanghai. Comparing with the brand new modern buildings, you can find the special architecture of old shanghai city. Peoples, who lived in shanghai in their life, still live here. It’s such a
peaceful and quiet place to live. On the other hand, it’s also a good shopping area. There are a lot of beautiful, special and unique goods. The stores are little, but very characteristic with full of art beauty. The whole shopping area is not so large, but you will enjoy walking here and find out a lot of fun. When you’re tired, you can go to one of the little cafe or bar to have a drink or cake. What a beautiful day!
-------------------B Top 9 Ancient Water Towns Near Shanghai 1. Qibao Ancient Town 七宝老街 Qibao Ancient Town is the nearest water town to central Shanghai. It is is accessible by subway. This town is a depiction of old Shanghai; quite small, it can be dated back to the Northern Song Dynasty (960–1127). It contains the two most important elements of an ancient water town: ancient-style architecture and waterway scenery. You can see a large number of traditional houses, gardens, temples, shops, and restaurants there, and you do not need a ticket to walk around. There are a variety of tasty local snacks sold on Qibao Old Street, which are colorful and appetizing. When walking on the street many cannot resist the temptation to try them.
2. Zhujiajiao Ancient Town 朱家角古镇 Zhujiajiao Ancient Town is a quaint little town near Shanghai, only 48 kilometers from downtown, covering an area of 1.3 square kilometers (0.5 square miles). There are many old historical buildings along the banks of the old waterways, such as rice shops, banks, spice stores, and even a Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) post office. Zhujiajiao Ancient Town is a nice destination to escape the busy and noisy city life. You can wander around the town, appreciate the riverside scenery, take a cup of coffee in a coffee bar, taste local snacks in a restaurant, and enjoy the leisurely pace of the town. There are many attractions in Zhujiajiao Ancient Town. The most famous ones are Cimen Temple (慈门寺) and Zhuxi Garden (珠溪园).
3. Qiandeng Ancient Town 千灯古镇, Qiandeng Ancient Town is located in Kunshan Prefecture, Jiangsu Province, about 50 km (30 miles) east of downtown Shanghai. It is one of China's National Historical and Cultural Towns. The Ming-and-Qing-style residences along the canal banks create a rich ancient atmosphere. It is famous for its typical Chinese riverside scenery, featuring small bridges, murmuring streams, and elegant dwellings. It is a less-crowded and less-commercialized ancient water town, so it is an excellent destination for relaxing and spending a holiday.
4. Fengjing Ancient Town 枫泾古镇 Fengjing Ancient Town, about an hour's drive from central Shanghai, is the best preserved and largest ancient water town in Shanghai. This town is less crowded, and is a good destination for a weekend trip from Shanghai. It is worth a visit to explore the old culture and customs of China. The less commercial atmosphere makes the town more peaceful than others.
5. Zhouzhuang Water Town 周庄 Zhouzhuang Water Town, lying between Shanghai and Suzhou, is honored as the number one water town in China. Although it is the most commercialized, it is still the most beautiful and elegant ancient water town, with a profound cultural background, and well-preserved ancient architecture built in the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing dynasties. Canals crisscross Zhouzhuang Water Town, and buildings and streets are built along the waterways. When the night falls, a myriad of stars may twinkle, joining the soft building lights reflected in the waterways. Walking along the waterside lanes and on the stone bridges, you can enjoy the fairyland atmosphere of evening.
6. Luzhi Ancient Town 甪直古镇 Luzhi Ancient Town, about 25 kilometers (16 miles) east of central Suzhou, and 58 kilometers from Shanghai, is an elegant town surrounded by five lakes. It is also called “Bridge Town”, as it is home to 41 ancient stone bridges built in the Song (960–1279), Yuan (1271–1368), Ming, and Qing dynasties. You can appreciate the beautiful scenery by boating. Some boatwomen, in their attractive traditional dress, will sing for you during your trip.
7. Xitang Ancient Town 西塘古镇 Xitang Ancient Town is in Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province, about a 1½-hour drive from Shanghai. It is a picturesque ancient water town, famous for its numerous stone
bridges, lanes, and its unique architecture — Lamhpeng (waterside streets with shelters along the river banks). It also contains numerous antique residences and temples. The town is crisscrossed by nine canals and is good for boating. It has a tranquil ambience and scenic beauty, making it a very popular tourist attraction. However, it is usually bustling on weekends.
8. Tongli Water Town 同里水乡 Tongli Water Town is a lively ancient water town. It takes about 1½ hours’ drive from Shanghai and 30 minutes’ drive from Suzhou. The small ancient town is also called the “Mini Oriental Venice”, and shows calan-side China as it used to be. It is famous for its many stone bridges and ancient architecture. It is crisscrossed by 15 small canal-side lanes, between which span 49 stone bridges in a variety of styles.
9. Wuzhen Water Town 乌镇水乡古镇 Wuzhen Water Town lies in the center of the Yangtze Delta triangle formed by Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Suzhou, about an hour’s drive from Hangzhou and two hours’ drive from Shanghai. It is one of China’s top ten historical and cultural towns. Wuzhen Water Town has been preserved and restored well. Traditional buildings remain intact and functioning today. Wandering in the town, you will enjoy the atmosphere of the traditional culture and ancient features of the town. The ancient Beijing–Hangzhou Grand Canal flows through Wuzhen Water Town. The town looks like a traditional Chinese painting, attracting numerous visitors from China and abroad.
VI Tips for living in Shanghai, China 生活在上海 ------Recommended Chinese Foods 值得推荐的餐厅和中国菜 dī shuǐ dònɡ xiāng cài 1、滴 水 洞 （ 湘 菜 Hunan style dishes，spicy） Address: Maoming nan Road, No.56, near Changle Road 茂名南路 56 号 2 楼(近长乐路) Transportation: Metro Line 1 Tel: 021-62532689
Time:11am-11pm Price: ￥70~80 / person Specialty:
duò jiāo yú tóu 剁 椒鱼 头 ingredients： Fish head、Hot pepper、chicken and pork soup、 Three kinds of pepper、Green peppers, and so on.
zī rán pái ɡǔ 孜然 排骨 ingredients： Pork ribs、pepper、onion、 ginger、cooking wine、 salt、chili oil, and so on.
2、xīn xiāng huì 辛 香 汇
chuan cai （ 川 菜 Sichuan style dishes，spicy）
Address: 金 陵 东 路 500 号 亚 龙 国 际 广 场 4 楼 East Jinlin Road, No.500, Yalong International Plaza, 2nd Floor, Transportation: Metro Line 8 (Dashijie Station) Exit 2. Bus： 451、23、26、455、775、782、108、518、 983、 864、18、581、23、775、789、911、220、135 Tel: 4001001717 021-64702777 Time: 11am-10pm Price: ￥60 / person Specialty:
piāo xiānɡ féi niú 飘 香 肥 牛 ingredients： Beef、hot chili peppers、green pepper、 pepper、green bean sprouts、Flammulina, and so on.
shuǐ zhǔ yú 水 煮 鱼 ingredients： Freshwater fish、bean sprouts、coriander、 pepper、cooking wine、Pixian bean sauce、 chili powder、egg white, and so on.
xiǎo shào xīnɡ 3、小 绍
兴
jiānɡ zhè cài （ 江 浙 菜 Jiangsu and Zhejiang style dishes, Light）
Address:云南南路 69-75 号 South Yunnan Road, No.69-75 Transportation: Metro Line 8 Bus18，23，17，42，783 ，451 ，911 Tel: 021-63260845 63203562 Time: 10am-10pm Price: ￥36 / person Specialty:
bái zhǎn jī 白 斩鸡 ingredients： chicken、coriander、cooking wine、soy sauce、sugar、sesame oil, and so on.
jī zhōu 鸡粥 ingredients： Rice、chicken soup, and so on.
Yuán bǎo xiā 元宝虾 ingredients： Bamboo shrimp, lily, mushrooms, celery, and so on.
4、 吴江路小吃街 (Wujian Road –Street of Local Snacks) Address: Between West Nanjing Road & Shi men yi Road Qinghai Road 位于南京西路石门一路青海路之间 Transportation: Metro Line 2（West Nanjing road station） Exit 4. Bus 921、20、37 Price: ￥36 ~ 50 / person Specialty:
xiǎo yánɡ shēnɡ jiān 小 杨 生 煎 ingredients： Flour、yeast、pork、cooking wine、pepper、 black sesame, and so on.
xī běi lánɡ shāo kǎo 西北 郎 烧 烤 ingredients： meats or vegetables（BBQ）
méi huā ɡāo 梅 花 糕 ingredients： Flour、bean paste、pork、rapeseed、sesame paste、baking powder, and so on.
VII Best Cycling Routes around Shanghai Shanghai is a vigorous and energetic international metropolis, and has a rich heritage of ancient Chinese culture. There are many historical attractions and quiet streets worth a visit. A good way to see more of Shanghai is by biking. To help you explore the city, here are some of the most recommended historic and scenic bike routes in the central city area and around Shanghai for you to enjoy.
Old Shanghai Jingan District Route Weihai Road (威海路) – Yongquan Fang (涌泉坊) – Hengchang Li (亨昌里) – Chunguang Fang (春光坊) – Urumqi Lane (乌鲁木齐弄) – Shanzhong Li (善钟里)
Distance: 11 km or 6.8 miles Highlights: traditional architecture
Shanghai Creative Industry Park Area Route Jing'an Creative Space 静安创意空间 (South Wuning Road / Kangding Road intersection 武宁南路、康定路口) – Wanhangdu Road (万航渡路) – Husizhan Creative Park (湖丝栈 1384 Wanhang Road, off Huayang Road) – Kaixuan Road (凯旋路) – Fahuazhen Road (法华镇路) – Fanyu Road (番愚路) – Z58 Green Forest (Z58 绿光森林 58 Fanyu Road) – Kaixuan Road – Nandan Road (南丹路) – Tianyaoqiao Road (天钥桥路) – Longhua Road (龙华路) – 2577 Creative Garden (2577 创意大院 2577 Longhua Road) – Dong'an Road (东安路) – Xietu Road (斜土路) – X2 Creative Space (X2 创意空间)
Binjiang Road Route Yingkou Road (营口路) – Longchang Road (隆昌路) – Yangshupu Road (杨树浦路) – Gongping Road Dock (公平路码头) – cross Binjiang River – Riverside Promenade – Binjiang Park – Fucheng Road (福城路) – the Dock – Shiliupu Pier (十六铺) – Shanghai Old Street
Cycling Tips Choose and rent good quality bicycles that suit you. Check your bike before departure, especially making sure the brakes work well. Beware of different road use and behaviors to your own country. Wear light clothes and sensible shoes, wear sunscreen in the summer and a hat. Take a rain cape in case it rains. Take a map with you (a map with Chinese on it will help when asking locals.) When you ask the way, you can point to where you want to get to and ask “Zenme qu?” /dznn-muh chyoo/ (‘How to go?').
VIII Hot Shanghai Tours － Provider :SN Mandarin Partner-China Highlights Company
Morning Shanghai History and Culture Tour (Group Tour) Tour Code: SHSIC-13 Price from: USD54 Duration: 4 hrs
Attractions: French Concession, Shanghai Xintiandi, The Bund http://www.chinahighlights.com/daytrip/shsic-13.htm
5-Day Essence of Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Wuzhen Tour (Private Tour) Tour Code: SH-11 Walking on the Bund, the classic landmark of Shanghai before seeing a bird's eye view from the TV Tower The traditional Chinese garden and architectural features of Yu Yuan Shanghai’s best museum — Shanghai Museum, where there are more than 120,000 precious historical relics Walk and boat on Hangzhou’s West Lake Discover one of the most charming ancient water town — Wuzhen Water Town. http://www.chinahighlights.com/tour/hangzhoutour/sh-11/
9-Day Shanghai, Guilin, Yangshuo and Beijing Tour Tour Code: CHT-114 Visit the amazing, super modern Shanghai Enjoy a Li River Cruise in Guilin and Yangshuo countryside Be a “hao han” 好汉 on the Great Wall. http://www.chinahighlights.com/tour/cht-114/ More China tour packages contact China Highlights: Email: info@chinahighlights.com Tel.: +86-773- 2831999 Website: http://www.chinahighlights.com
IX Chinese Behavior Philosophy-Know how to get along with Chinese
Chinese interpersonal relations 中国的人际关系
中国人特征，你和一个人的关系越好，你对他的影响力越大，所以和中国人搞好关系是合作 成功的前提。中国人说的关系是很复杂的，它是多面的、动态的、变化着的。要创造一个良 好的人际关系，一定要注意自己的调整，而不是片面的寄希望于他人。 Chinese believe people he knows well, so the more you are closed to him the more chance he will cooperate with you. The Chinese relationship is very complex, it is multi-layered, dynamic, changing. To create a good interpersonal relationship, you must pay attention to your adjustment instead of others. 秘籍——和谐人际关系 Tips on Chinese interpersonal relations
1、称呼对方叔叔、阿姨既礼貌又亲近。 It’s polite and intimate way to call the other uncle or aunt. 在中国，直呼其名是不礼貌的。为了避免这种情 况，即使他们之间是没有血缘关系的，也会叫别 人“李叔叔” 、 “张爷爷” ，这是亲近又礼貌的表现。 你也可以热情的叫你认识的中国人叔叔，如果你 知道他和你叔叔年龄差不多的话。 In China, it is not polite to call them by their names. To avoid this, even if they are not related by blood, people also call others " Uncle Li"," Grandpa" to show their politeness and intimate. You can also call Chinese people uncle warmly, if you know that his is at your uncle 's age. 2、委婉的表达是为了和谐的人际关系 Euphemistic expression for harmonious interpersonal relationship 中国人说话并不很直接，主要体现在两方面，一是他永远不会直接指出你的错误，二是中国 人很少会说“我肯定可以” 、 “我一定没问题”之类的话；也很少说“我最棒”、 “我很好之类 的话；即使是真的很好的时候，还会谦虚地说“我还不行” 。所以想要有良好的中国式人际 关系要学习并运用这两点。 Chinese do not speak in a very direct way. They never point out your mistakes directly. Chinese seldom say something in a very sure way,like “I’m sure I can do it.”I can make it without any problems”,”I’m the best” etc, even if they are very sure.In stead, they often say “so so”, “it’s ok” ”not that good” etc. even if they feel very good. So if you want to have a good Chinese interpersonal relationships you should understand and apply the two point in suitable time . 3、 “三杯酒量” “四圈麻将” Take some drink and play some mahjong 不要太排斥这种人与人交往的媒介，要培养一定的社交活动，但不要变成嗜好，这样即可以 娱乐自己又可以增广人脉。中国人喜欢在在饭桌上谈生意，请吃饭是为了谈成生意，而不能 等谈成了生意再吃饭。 Chinese people like to talk business while having dinner with clients. Invite clients for dinner to talk about business is a common practices. It’s not good to not invite for dinner until after making the business success. So develop certain social activities, but don't addict to it so that can be entertainment and expand your contacts. 4、 “有空一起吃饭哈”=“再见” "Let’s have dinner together sometime" =" goodbye"" 有时候“有空请你吃饭”在中国人眼里只是“再见”的意思，如果你真的等他请你吃饭就只 能是空等一场。同样的寒暄话还有“有空到我家玩”之类的。 Sometimes, to Chinese people, " we can have dinner together if you are free " means nothing but “goodbye”. If you really wait for him to invite you to dinner you will only get standing up. The same greeting is " You are welcome to my house maybe sometime” .
5、 请客 Invite friends for dinner and pay In China, it is not weird to see many people rushing to pay the same bill in a restaurant. If you don’t rush to pay, maybe you will be regarded as a stingy person. Chinese people like to treat people while Western people like to go Dutch. Because Chinese people believe that today I treat you and one day you will surely treat me. Chinese people always think that if it is my turn to treat people but I don’t, I will lose face and feel very ashamed. Chinese people like to order dishes for all people so that they can share all the dishes, while Westerner only orders what he wants to eat and only eats what he orders. Chinese people who treat others usually order many dishes to show their generosity.
X Mahjong Introduction------麻将简介
The game was called 麻雀 (má què), meaning sparrow in Chinese, which is still the name most commonly used in some southern Chinese languages such as Cantonese and Min Nan, as well as in Japanese. However, most Mandarin-speaking Chinese now call the game má jiàng (麻将). In Northern Wu Chinese, it is pronounced as 麻将 májiàng, but actuality, 麻将 is the diminutive form of 麻雀.
Basic rules----基本玩法 Chinese mahjong is commonly played with a set of 136 tiles. Sometimes 8 bonus tiles are used making a tile set of 144.The tiles are shuffled and placed to form a square wall of tiles. Each one of the four players are dealt 13 tiles from the wall. Players take turn each drawing one tile from the wall and after drawing, discarding the drawn tile or one of their other tiles, until someone have composed a complete mahjong hand. The general goal of the game is to be the first to form a hand consisting of 4 sets and one pair worth as many points as possible. Since a full game of chinese mahjong span across several rounds and the points awarded for different hands vary very much. The value of a mahjong is very important.
chinese mahjong tiles----麻将牌 Simples There are three different suits numbered 1 to 9, which are called simple tiles. They are bamboo (bams), characters (or myriads or craks), and circles (or dots).
Suit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Bamboos
tiáo
Characters
wàn
Circles
bǐng
In some variations Bamboo is the only suit used. There are four matching tiles for each value.
Honors There are two different honor suits: the winds and the dragons. The winds are east, south, west and north, and the dragons are Red, Green and White. They have no numerical sequence and there are four tiles of each honor (e.g. four Red Dragon tiles).
Winds Sign
dōng fēng
nán fēng
xī fēng
hóng zhōng
fā cái
bái bǎn
Name
Dragons Name
Sign
Bonus tiles There are eight bonus tiles: four flowers and four seasons:
Flowers
běi fēng
Name
méi
lán
zhú
jú
chūn
xià
qiū
dōng
Sign
Seasons Name
Sign
Melds
碰 pèng (English: Pong/ Pung) is a set of three identical tiles. For example:
You can form a pong with any tile (except flowers as they are bonus tiles set to the side when drawn from the wall). The tiles must be identical (you cannot mix suits).
杠 gàng (English: Kong) is a set of four identical tiles. For example:
Consider a Kong the same as a Pong/ Pung with an additional tile to make a set of four. There are three ways to form a Kong. At any point during a player's turn, if they have all four matching tiles in their hand, they may declare the Kong. They do so by revealing the meld. In any case, whenever a Kong is formed, the player must draw an extra tile from the end of the wall and then discard a tile. Kongs count extra for scoring purposes.
吃 chī is a meld of three suited tiles in sequence. For example:
The meld must be in absolute numerical sequence. There is no skipping of numbers, nor does 9 loop around to 1. The sequence must be in the same suit. Honours, flowers and seasons cannot be used to make chows.
对 duì Pair ，also known as eyes, are two identical tiles which are a component to the standard hand. For example:
A sample of successful/winning Hand
Good luck to your life in Shanghai and we are happy to offer any assistance in learning Chinese through our professional knowledge. SN Mandarin Your Dynamic Chinese Language Partner www.snmandarin.com 021-65078056 info@snmandarin.com
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