1. The role of learning outcomes and their assessment in ECVET 1.1. ECVET – objectives, principles, application The European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET) is an instrument supporting lifelong learning (LLL), learner mobility and flexibility of learning pathways. ECVET was developed by the European Union Member States in cooperation with the European Commission (EC) and subsequently adopted in the form of the Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 20094 (thereafter: ECVET Recommendation).
Credit accumulation
How did this instrument come about? In recent decades, a growing need for diversified lifelong learning was observed not only in formal education, such as at school or university. The fast-evolving economic and social conditions have resulted in changing the way of thinking about education, learning, obtaining qualifications and verifying skills and knowledge. The change also took place in thinking about the recognition of credits, including these acquired as part of non-formal education (training, courses, etc.) and informal learning (hobbies, self-learning, etc.). Continuous learning – including updating one’s knowledge, developing new skills or developing completely different competences – has become a necessity.
4 Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on the establishment of a European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET), D https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/ HTML/?uri=CELEX:32009H0708(02)&from=EN [access: 28.04.2020].
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1. The role of learning outcomes and their assessment in ECVET
Credit accumulation is the accumulation of learning outcomes (defined for a unit of learning outcomes or a qualification) the achievement of which by a given person was verified in the process of validation (Bartosiak et al. 2014).
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