Olympic Games 2016 Together for the Protection of Children and Adolescents
Olympic Games 2016 Together for the Protection of Children and Adolescents
2nd edition SĂŁo Paulo Abrinq Foundation for the Rights of Children and Adolescents 2016
Administrative Board President Carlos Antonio Tilkian Vice President Synésio Batista da Costa Secretary Bento José Gonçalves Alcoforado Executive Secretary Executive Administrator Heloisa Helena Silva de Oliveira Executive Manager for the Development of Programs and Projects Denise Maria Cesario Institutional Development Manager Victor Alcântara da Graça Child-Friendly Company Program Ana Carolina Paci, Ana Carolina Patané, Alessandro Marques Palma, Daniella C. Diez de Jesus Lilyan Regina S. Reis Amorim, Nathalia Tamires Oliveira Torres, Roseane Martins de Assis
Technical Data ISBN: 978-85-88060-85-2 Text Maria Pia Parente Proofreading Denise Maria Cesario Edition Marcela Cioni Pinto Soraia Liliane de Oliveira Cooperation Andreia Lavelli, Gislaine Cristina de Carvalho Pita, Júnia Milani Ferrentini, Leticia Souto Maior, Lilyan Regina Somazz Reis Amorim, Marcela Renata Garcia Silva, Raquel Farias Meira, Tatiana Cristina Molini, Thais de Morais Escudeiro e Victor Alcântara da Graça Proofreading ABA Textos Graphic Project and Layout Priscila Hlodan Illustration Regisclei Gonzalez Rey
Table of Contents
6
Introduction
8
Everyone can contribute so that the festive atmosphere may take place either inside or outside indoor sports courts.
10
The whole society is responsible for protecting children and adolescents.
13
Commercial Sexual Exploitation of girls and boys is a crime against humanity.
16
Companies, municipalities, social organizations and society have a lot to do in fighting child labor.
18
Where to report
The mega events may provide an opportunity for development of cities and social inclusion. They may generate new jobs, improve housing and broaden people’s rights. They may encourage children and adolescents to seek the path of sports and someday, make their dream of becoming great athletes come true. Sports may be an important agent in the human development, in the exercise of citizenship and of social inclusion.
juggling at One boy less ... traff ic lights
6
Therefore, we must not allow our children and adolescents to work on the streets selling candy bars and juggling pins at traffic lights. We must not allow our boys and girls to carry heavy objects at construction sites, shine shoes at airports and sell food at bus stations. We must not allow our girls to sew uniforms, deliver ready-to-eat meals and be harassed through sexual tourism. The choice is ours, the governments, the companies’ , the social organizations’ , the citizens’ and society’s as a whole.
We are all responsible for eliminating child labor in Brazil.
...is one more
boy in school.
7
Everyone can contribute so that the festive atmosphere may take place both inside and outside of sports courts. In these times leading up to the Olympic Games, we have been witnessing all the investment being made in infrastructure in order to host the events, to welcome tourists and to prepare the athletes. During the 2016 Olympic Games, it is expected that at least 350,000 foreigners will be in attendance. Campaigns are already being broadcast all over the world, inviting travelers to engage in low-impact tourism.
8
One girl less
ork
doing housew
It is necessary to be aware of children’s and adolescents’ human rights violations, among them, child labor and dozens of other parallel activities related to construction work and infrastructure projects. In addition to work on the streets and , above all, commercial sexual exploitation. Scelles Foundation is a French organization that carried out a study in 2012*, which proves that the big competitions cause an increase in the commercial sexual exploitation of children, adolescents and women.
Protecting children and adolescents from violence and abuse is a goal to be achieved by all of us, especially in the course of all the mega events.
ght to l having the ri ir g re o m e n O o sports. play and to d Source: BBC Brasil
9
The whole society is responsible for protecting children and adolescents In Brazil, any kind of work done by children and adolescents under 16 years old, except for apprentices, is forbidden by law. Above 14 years old are allowed to work solely under special conditions (apprenticeship), which make sure that the job does not interfere with their studies and their development. In spite of such legal protection, there are currently 3.3 million boys and girls aged 5 to 17 years old in our country who perform a host of activities, even the most dangerous ones, and on many occasions, without being paid for them. (The Brazilian Census Bureau/PNAD, 2014)
doing One boy less
10
construction
work ...
Child Labor is a phenomenon with many causes and many responsibilities. The lack of vacancies in daycare centers, the bad quality of education, as well as the difficulty to stop the school dropout rate among adolescents, contribute to the increase in the number of girls and boys doing housework, in the countryside as well as on the streets, running the risk of becoming involved in drugs and sexual exploitation. It is also necessary to fight against the myths that it is better for a child to work, rather than be on the streets, as well as against the reality of poor families that, on many occasions, are not able to secure their survival without putting their children to work. We have to move forward with public policies and provide greater access to quality education. One thing is for sure. Child labor only exists because there is the demand for it. There are people and companies who employ children. The government, companies, as well society as a whole, have a lot to do.
ied for being qualif y o b re o m e ...on ture. a job in the fu
11
Keeping an eye on the venues that facilitate child labor during the Olympic Games Construction (in sites prior to the mega event) – extraction and transport of sand, construction worker’s helper, recycling of building material, laundromats, family businesses that prepare and deliver ready-to-eat meals, commercial sexual exploitation inside construction sites. Transportation (before and during the mega event) – at airports, working as shoe shiners and handing out fliers; at bus stations, as panhandlers, selling foods and drinks, as well as handing out touristic information fliers. Tourism Network (before and during the mega event) – child tour guides, drug trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation, the sale of sporting goods, foods and drinks. Street trade – jugglers, parking attendants, car washers and fliers distributors. Textile Industry – manufacturing of materials and sports shoes, manufacturing of clothing for constructions workers. Recycling Network (especially during the mega event) – gathering paper, plastic and cans.
12
Commercial sexual exploitation of girls and boys is a crime against humanity In order to grow up healthily, children need the protection from their families, from the school and from the community. It is in this very same safe environment, that they are able to find out more about themselves and the world around them. When thrown into the labor market too soon, such protection is torn apart and children find themselves forced to face an incomprehensible, adverse and unsafe reality. Among the worst forms of child labor, are the commercial sexual exploitation practices: pornography, sex tourism and trafficking of children and adolescents for sexual purposes. All of them were defined as crimes against the humanity and are present and visible, on occasions such as that of the mega event.
exploited being sexually ss le l ir g e n O if ied arning a dign e l ir g re o m is one future. income in the
13
What is commercial sexual exploitation It means involving children and adolescents in paid sexual activities, such as exploitation within the sex trade, child pornography and displaying them in both public and private sexual performances. It includes any form of sexual relation or erotic activity, which includes physical-sexual closeness between the victim and the exploiter. According to the definition produced during the First World Congress in the Fight against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, held in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1996, in this type of child-adolescent human rights violation, the girl or boy being exploited starts being treated as a sexual commodity. They are subjected to different types of coercion and violence, which may imply in forced labor and other current forms of slavery. In 2014, Brazil approved Law No. 12.978: It is regarded as a hideous crime and punishable by law, even when the sexual act itself does not take place, however any other form of sexual relation or erotic activity which implies in the physical and sexual closeness between the victim and the exploiter, is classified as one of the worst forms of child labor.
14
Keeping an eye on the venues that facilitate commercial sexual exploitation Entertainment Network – shopping centers, night clubs, bars, restaurants, motels, beach stands, snack bars, dance clubs, sex performance venues, brothels and massage parlors. Fashion Market – modeling agencies and personal portfolio producers. Employment Agencies – housemaids, baby-sitters, dancers, singers and travel companions. Media sex Network – advertisement on newspapers, the Internet and on TV. Tourism Industry – travel agency, hotels, spas, resorts, taxi drivers, transportation companies for tourists and airports.
15
Companies, municipalities, social organizations and the civil society have a lot to do to fight child labor
What companies can do: Prevent Monitor all links within the production chain, so that none of them employs children; Insert information about child labor into the human resources development programs; Develop job training, learning, internships and first-job programs; Invest in mobilization campaigns for social mobilization, especially during the mega event; Encourage employees to participate in actions to fight child labor in communities.
Protect Build partnerships with the municipality for setting up and strengthening Child Protective Services, by supporting its infrastructure, especially regarding communications and Information Technology;
e too early on th One child less zil is eans that Bra job market m untry to being the co r e os cl g in ov m ress. the most prog that has made
16
Build partnerships with the reporting network, in order to improve services in the receipt of reports, with the aim of fighting impunity; Support service, job training, learning, internships for adolescents in a situation of social vulnerability, by establishing a link with the other government social programs, such as the one with the first-job program.
What municipalities can do:
What organizations can do:
Prevent
Prevent
Map out the most vulnerable areas; Build partnerships with companies and social organizations, in order to define integrated actions to be taken towards prevention and fight; Invest in mobilization and dissemination of information campaigns; Implement actions and public policies.
Identify areas of vulnerability in their surroundings; Participate in rounds of debates about the topic; Run mobilization campaigns within the community; Encourage employees to participate in actions to fight child labor in their communities; Implement programs.
Protect
Protect
Broaden and strengthen Child Protective Services actions;
Integrate the municipality protection network;
Broaden report mechanisms against cases of violence;
Build partnerships with the representatives of the System for the Guarantee of Rights, such as the Child Protective Services, Departments of Health and Departments of Education, so as to take joint actions;
Create and improve monitoring and supervision mechanisms, in order to identify and enforce laws against child labor; Strengthen social programs for preventing and fighting child labor.
Introduce actions for tackling child labor in their programs and projects; Hold campaigns to sensitize families, especially during the mega events.
17
Where to report: The Child Protective Services in your town
Department of Labor – MPT
The Child Protective Services is a permanent and independent bureau, not under any jurisdiction, appointed by the society to assure that children’s and adolescents’ rights are guaranteed. In each municipality, it is possible to find a Child Protective Services office.
Free of charge and available nationwide, the Department of Labor receives reports regarding child labor, at 0800-111616 and its website www.mpt.gov.br.
National Hotline (Dial 100) Free of charge and available nationwide, the Dial 100 service receives reports and refers all cases to the competent authorities. In addition to sexual assault, it gathers reports on human trafficking, negligence and mistreatment. It is managed by the Special Department of Human Rights.
App Protect Brazil
18
Developed for Smartphones, the app, which can be downloaded free of charge, facilitates reporting against this type of crime. Starting at the location where the user is, the Protect Brazil app shows telephones, addresses and the way to reach police stations which specialize in children and adolescents, as well as child protective services, child courts and organizations that help protect children and adolescents and to combat violence against them , which is common practice in the main Brazilian cities. The tool also classifies human rights violations into eight categories: child labor, physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence, discrimination, torture, human trafficking, negligence and abandonment.
Address: Av. Santo Amaro, 1.386 | 1o, 2o e 4o floor Vila Nova Conceição | 04506-001 | São Paulo/SP Telephone: 55 11 3848-8799 Website: www.fundabrinq.org.br /fundabrinq
@FundacaoAbrinq
ISBN 978-85-88060-85-2