literatura plasticos biodegradaveis

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LITERATURA RELACIONADA A MATERIAIS PLÁSTICOS BIODEGRADÁVEIS E SEU IMPACTO AMBIENTAL Yamada-Onodera K, Mukumoto H, Katsuyaya Y, Saiganji A, Tani Y. Degradation of polyethylene by a fungus, Penicillium simplicissimum YK. Polym Degrad Stab 2001; 72:323-327. Jakubowicz I, Yarahmadi N, Petersen H. Evaluation of the rate of abiotic degradation of biodegradable polyethylene in various environments. Polym Degrad Stab 2006;91(7):1556-1562. Weiland M, Daro A, David C. Biodegradation of thermally oxidized polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 1995;48:275-289. Guadagno L, Naddeo C, Vittoria V, Camino G, Cagnani C. Chemical and morphological modifications of irradiated linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). Polym Degrad Stab 2001;72:175-186. Pandey JK, Singh RP. UV-irradiated biodegradability of ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE, and iPP in composting and culture environments. Biomacromolecules 2001;2:880-885. Naddeo C, Guadagno L, De Luca S, Vittoria V, Camino G. Mechanical and transport properties of irradiated linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). Polym Degrad Stab 2001;72:239-247. Naddeo C, Guadagno L, Vittoria V. Photooxidation of spherilene linear low-density polyethylene films subjected to environmental weathering. 1. Changes in mechanical properties. Polym Degrad Stab 2004;85:1009-1013. Jo JE, Shin PK, Bae HK. Effects of temperature and compost conditions on the biodegradation of degradable polymers. J Microbiol Biotechnol 1999; 9(4): 464-468. Ojeda T, 2008. Biodegradabilidade de materiais poliméricos. Dr. Thesis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Ojeda et al. Abiotic and biotic degradation of oxo-biodegradable polyethylenes. Polym Degrad Stab 2009;94:965-970. Ojeda et al. Abiotic and biotic degradation of oxo-biodegradable foamed polystyrene. Polym Degrad Stab 2009;94:2128-2133. Ojeda et al. Degradability of linear polyolefins under natural weathering. Polym Degrad Stab 2011;96:703-707. Albertsson A-C. Biodegradation of synthetic polymers. II. A limited microbial conversion of 14C in polyethylene to 14CO2 by some soil fungi. J Appl Polym Sci 1978;22:3419-3433.

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Kaczmarek H, Oldak D. The effect of UV-irradiation on composting of polyethylene modified by cellulose. Polym Degrad Stab 2006;91(10):2282-2291. Fontanella S, Bonhomme S, Koutny M, Husarova L, Brusson J-M, Courdavault J-P, Pitteri S, Samuel G, Pichon G, Lemaire J, Delort A-M. Comparison of the biodegradability of various polyethylene films contaning pro-oxidant additives. Polym Degrad Stab 2010;95:1011-1021. Tabone MD, Cregg JJ, Beckman EJ, Landis AE. Sustainability metrics: life cycle assessment and green design in polymers. Environ Sci Technol 2010;44:8264-8269. Sudhakar M, Doble M, Murthy PS, Venkatesan R. Marine microbe-mediated biodegradation of lowand high-density polyethylenes. Int Biodeter Biodegr 2008;61:203-213. Scott, G. Polymers and the environment. Cambridge: RSC Paperbacks, 1999. p.80. Scott G. "Green" polymers. Polym Degrad Stab 2000;68:1-7. Gross RA, Kalra B. Biodegradable polymers for the environment. Science 2002;297:803-807. Botelho G, Queir贸s A, Machado A, Frangiosa P, Ferreira J. Enhancement of the thermooxidative degradability of polystyrene by chemical modification. Polym Degrad Stab 2004;86:493-497. Chiellini E, Corti A, D'Antone S. Oxo-biodegradable full carbon backbone polymers - biodegradation behaviour of thermally oxidized polyethylene in an aqueous medium. Polym Degrad Stab 2007;92:1378-1383. Bonhomme S, Cuer A, Delort A-M, Lemaire J, Sancelme M, Scott G. Environmental biodegradation of polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2003;81:441-452. Chiellini E, Corti A, D'Antone S, Baciu, R. Oxo-biodegradable carbon backbone polymers - oxidative degradation of polyethylene under accelerated test conditions. Polym Degrad Stab 2006;91:27392747. Jakubowicz I. Evaluation of degradability of biodegradable polyethylene (PE). Polym Degrad Stab 2003;80:39-43. Billingham NC, Wiles DM, Cermak BE, Gho JG, Hare CWJ, Tung JF. Controlled-lifetime environmentally degradable plastics based on conventional polymers. Proceedings Addcon world 2000, Basel, 2000; RAPRA Publishing, paper 6. Koutny M, Lemaire J, Delort A-M. Biodegradation of polyethylene films with prooxidant additives. Chemosphere 2006;64:1243-1252. Stevens ES. What makes green plastics green? Biocycle 2003; March, p.24-27. Chiellini E, Corti A, Swift G. Biodegradation of thermally-oxidized, fragmented low-density polyethylenes. Polym Degrad Stab 2003;81:341-351.

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Sipinen AJ, Rutherford DR. A study of the oxidative degradation of polyolefins. J Environ Polym Degrad 1993;1(3):193-202. Arnaud R, Dabin P, Lemaire J, Al-Malaika S, Chohan S, Coker M, Scott G, Fauve A, Maaroufi A. Photooxidation and biodegradation of commercial photodegradable polyethylenes. Polym Degrad Stab 1994;46:211-224. Satoto R, Subowo WS, Yusiasih R, Takane Y, Watanabe Y, Hatakeyama T. Weathering of high-density polyethylene in different latitudes. Polym Degrad Stab 1997;56:275-279. Koutny M, Sancelme M, Dabin C, Pichon N, Delort A-M, Lemaire J. Acquired biodegradability of polyethylenes containing pro-oxidant additives. Polym Degrad Stab 2006;91:1495-1503. Sheikh N, Akhavan A, Naimian F, Khoylou F, Hassanpour S, Sohrabpour M. Formulation of a photosensitized polyethylene film; its structure and property variation under the weathering conditions of Tehran. J Polym Environ 2006;14(1):103-109. Scott G (1999) Polymer and the environment. Cambridge: RSC Paperbacks. 132p. Stevens ES (2003) What makes green plastics green? BioCycle 24: 24-27 Al-Salem SM, Lettieri P, Baeyens J (2009) Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): a review. Waste management 29: 2625-2643. Atlas RM, Bartha R (1998) Microbial ecology: fundamentals and applications, 4th. Menlo Park: Benjamin/Cummings. 694p. Edwards C, Fry JM (2011) Life Cycle Assessment of Supermarket Carrier Bags. Environmental Agency, Bristol, UK. Available: http://www.biodeg.org/files/uploaded/Carrier_Bags_Report_EA.pdf. Accessed 2012 May 25. James K, Grant T. LCA of degradable plastic bags. Centre for design at RMIT university. Available: www.europeanplasticfilms.eu/docs/Jamesandgrant1.pdf. Acessed 2012 May 25. Tabone MD et al. (2010) Sustainability metrics: life cycle assessment and green design in polymers. Environ Sci Technol. 44:8264-8269. Scott G. (2002) Why biodegradable polymers? In: Scott G, editor. Degradable polymers. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 1-15. Thornton J (2002) Environmental impacts of polyvinyl chloride building materials. Healthy building network. Available: http://www.healthybuilding.net/pvc/Thornton_Enviro_Impacts_of_PVC.pdf. Acessed 2012 May 25. Titow WV (1984) PVC technology, 4th. ed., Elsevier. pp. 263-286.

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Okada H et al. (2008) Direct evidence revealing structural elements essential for the high binding ability of bisphenol A to human estrogen-related receptor-gamma. Environ. Health Perspect. 116(1):32-38. Vom Saal S, Myers JP (2008) Bisphenol A and risk of metabolic disorders. JAMA. 300(11):1353-1355. Vogel S (2009) The politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol A' safety. American journal of publich health 99(S3):559-566. Ogiue-Ikeda M et al. (2008) Rapid modulation of synaptic plasticity by estrogens as well as endocrine disrupter in hippocampal neurons. Brain research reviews 57(2):363-375. Soto AM, Sonnenschein C (2010) Environmental causes of cancer: endocrine disruptors as carcinogens. Nature Reviews Endocrinology 6 (7): 363–370. Yanagiba Y et al. (2008) Styrene trimer may increase thryroid hormone levels via down-regulation of the aryl hydrocarabon receptor (AhR) target gene UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Environmental health perspectives 116(6):740-745. Schumann H-D, Thiele UK (1996) Polyester producing plants - principles and technology. Landsberg/Lech: Moderne Industrie. 72 p. Mark JE (1999) Polymer data handbook, Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1012 p. Alexander M (1973) Nonbiodegradable and other recalcitrant molecules. Biotechnology and bioengineering. 15: 611-647. Shimao M (2001) Biodegradation of plastics. Current opinion in biotechnology. 12: 242-247. Gugumus F (1992) Stabilization of plastics against thermal oxidation. In: Gächter H, Müller F, editors. Plastics additives handbook, 3rd ed. Munich: Hanser Publishers. Nakajima-Kambe T et al. (1999) Microbial degradation of polyurethane, polyester polyurethanes and polyether polyurethanes. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 51(2): 134-140. Scott G, Wiles DM (2001) Programmed-life plastics from polyolefins: a new look at sustainability. Biomacromolecules. 2(3): 615-622. Scott G (1997) Abiotic control of polymer biodegradation. Trip. 5(11): 361-368. Khabbaz F, Albertsson A-C, Karlsson S (1999) Chemical and morphological changes of environmentally degradable polyethylene films exposed to thermo-oxidation. Polymer degradation and stability. 63:127-138. Albertsson A-C et al. (1995) Degradation product pattern and morphology changes as means to differentiate abiotically and biotically aged degradable polyethylene. Polymer. 36(16): 3075-3083.

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Fontanella S et al. (2010) Comparison of the biodegradability of various polyethylene films containing pro-oxidant additives. Polymer degradation and stability. 95: 1011-1021. Ojeda TFM et al. (2009) Abiotic and biotic degradation of oxo-biodegradable polyethylenes. Polymer degradation and stability. 94: 965-970. Azapagic A, Emsley A, Hamerton I. (2003) Polymers: the environment and sustainable development. Wiley. pp. 22-23. Valle MLM et al. (2004) Degradação de poliolefinas utilizando catalisadores zeolíticos. Polímeros: ciência e tecnologia. 14: 17-21. Jacques RJS et al. (2005) Anthracene biodegradation by Pseudomonas sp. isolated from a petrochemical sludge landfarming site. International biodeterioration & biodegradation 56: 143-150. Bastioli C (2004) Starch-polymer composites. In: Scott G, editor. Degradable polymers. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer academic publishers. pp. 133-161. Lu DR, Xiao CM, Xu SJ (2009) Starch-based completely biodegradable polymer materials. Express polymer letter. 3(6): 366-375. Bastioli C (2005) Starch-based technology. In: Bastioli C, editor. Handbook of biodegradable polymers. Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire: Rapra Technology. pp.257-286. Australian government - department of the environment, water, heritage and the arts. Degradable plastics. Available: http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/publications/waste/degradables/biodegradable execsummary.htm). Accessed: 2012 May 25. Nakamura EM et al. (2005) Study and development of LDPE/starch partially biodegradable compounds. Journal of materials processing technology. (162-163): 236-241. Erlandsson B, Karlsson S, Albertsson A.-C (1997) The mode of action of corn starch and pro-oxidant system in LDPE: influence of thermo-oxidation and UV-irradiation on the molecular weight changes. Polymer degradation and stability. 55: 237-245. Chiellini E, Chiellini F, Cinelli P (2002) Polymers from renewable resources. In: Scott, G, editor. Degradable polymers. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer. pp. 165-178. Lynd RL et al. Microbial cellulose utilization: fundamentals and biotechnology. Microbiology and molecular biology reviews. 66(3): 506-577. Gross RA, Kalra B (2002) Biodegradable polymers for the environment. Science. 297: 803-807. Piskin E (2002) Biodegradable polymers in medicine. In: Scott G, editor. Degradable polymers, Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic. pp. 347-349.

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Chandra R, Rustgi R (1998) Biodegradable polymers. Prog. Polym. Sci. 23: 1273-1335. Martone PT et al. (2009) Discovery of lignin in seaweed reveals convergent evolution of cell-wall architecture. Current biology. 19(2): 169–75. Sjöström E (1993) Wood chemistry: fundamentals and applications. Academic Press. (ISBN 0-12647480-X) Boerjan W, Ralph J, Baucher M (2003) Lignin bios. Ann. rev. plant biol. 54(1):519–549. Tuomela et al. (2000) Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review. Bioresource technology. 72(2): 169-183. Tecnaro - Arboform. Available: http://www.tecnaro.de/english/arboform.htm. Accessed: 2012 May 25. Slater S et al. (2004) Evaluating the environmental impact of biopolymers. In: Steinbüchel A, editor. Biopolymers, v. 10. Wiley Interscience. pp. 473-480. Vinyl alcohol polymers. Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology, John Wiley & Sons, v.8, p.399-436. Rudnik E (2008) Compostable polymer materials. Elsevier. 211p. Swift G (2002) Environmentally biodegradable water-soluble polymers. In: Scott, G. Degradable polymers – principles and applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 379-412. Yubin LV et al. (2011) Research development of biodegradable modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) film. Advanced materials research. 380: 234-237. Reddy CSK, Ghai R, Rashami, Kalia VC (2003) Polyhydroxyalkanoates: an overview. Bioresource technology. 87: 137-146. Jendrossek D (2001) Microbial degradation of polyesters, Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology. 71: 293-325. Braunegg G (2002) Sustainable poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) production. In: Scott G, editor. Degradable polymers – principles and applications. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 235-293. Suyama T et al. (1998) Phylogenetic affiliation of soil bacteria that degrade aliphatic polyesters available commercially as biodegradable plastics. Applied and environmental microbiology. 64(12): 5008-5011. Sudesh K, Doi Y (2005) Polyhydroxyalkanoates. In: Bastioli C, editor. Handbook of biodegradable polymers. Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire: Rapra Technology. pp. 219-256.

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Biomer biopolyesters. Available: http://www.biomer.de. Accessed: 2012 May 25. Sang BI, Hori K, Unno H (2002) Fungal contribution to in situ biodegradation of poly(3hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) film in soil. Appl. microbiol. biotechnol. 58: 241-247. Chodak I (2002) Polyhydroxyalkanoates: properties and modification for high volume applications. In: Scott G, editor. Degradable polymers – principles and applications. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 295-319. Li S, Vert M (2002) Biodegradation of aliphatic polyesters. In: Scott, G. Degradable polymers – principles and applications. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 71-131. Tucker N, Johnson M, editors (2004) Low environmental impact polymers, UK: Rapra. 360p. Garlotta DA (2001) Literature review of poly(lactic acid). Journal of polymers and the environment. 9(2): 2001. Reeve MS et al. (1994) Polylactide stereochemistry: effect on enzymatic degradability. Macromolecules. 27: 825-831. Briassoulis D (2004) An overview on the mechanical behaviour of biodegradable agricultural films. Journal of polymers and the environment. 12(2): 65-81. Hakkarainen M (2002) Aliphatic polyesters: abiotic and biotic degradation and degradation products. Advances in polymer science. 157: 113-138. Tokiwa Y et al. (2009) Biodegradability of plastics. International journal of molecular sciences. 10: 3722-3742. Auras R, Lim L-T (2010) Poly(lactic acid): synthesis, structures, properties, processing and applications. Wiley, 2010. Müller R-J (2005) Aliphatic-aromatic polyester. In: Bastioli C, editor. Handbook of biodegradable polymers. UK: Rapra Technology. pp. 303-337. Marten E, Müller R-J, Deckwer W-D (2005) Studies on the enzymatic hydrolysis of polyesters. II. Aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters. Polymer degradation and stability. 88(3): 371-381. Witt U et al. (2001) Biodegradation of aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters: evaluation of the final biodegradability and ecotoxicological impact of degradation intermediates. Chemosphere 44: 289299. Ki HC, Park OO (2001) Synthesis, characterization and biodegradability of the biodegradabale aliphatic-aromatic random copolyesters. Polymer 42: 1849-1861. Ojeda T et al. (2011) Degradability of linear polyolefins under natural weathering. Polymer degradation and stabilility. 96: 703-707.

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Scott G (2002) Degradation and stabilization of carbon-chain polymers. In: Scott G, editor. Degradable polymers – principles and applications. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 27-50. Schwarzenbach K et al. (2009) Antioxidants. In: Zweifel H, Maier RD, Schiller M, editors. Plastics Additives Handbook. Cincinnati: Hanser. pp.1-137. Ojeda T et al. (2009) Abiotic and biotic degradation of oxo-biodegradable foamed polystyrene. Polymer degradation and stability. 94: 2128-2133. Chiellini E, Corti A, Swift G (2003) Biodegradation of thermally-oxidized, fragmented low-density polyethylenes. Polymer degradation and stability 81: 341-351.

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