Knights Place & Rowan House Energy & Comfort Monitoring
The main objectives : To monitor the environmental, energy & comfort performance over a 2 year period To compare their performance in use against the design intent 3 flats at Knights Place & 2 flats Rowan House
Measured Heating Consumption (kWh/sq.m/yr) 32 Passive Houses in Hannover Red = PHI design mean, Green – 1st year mean, Blue = 2nd year mean, black = 3rd year mean
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Comparison of Calculated & Monitored Energy Knights Place & Rowan House (kWh/sq.m/yr) June 12 – May 13 14000
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Predicted Energy demand Knights Place (PHPP)
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12000
Predicted Energy demand Rowan House (PHPP) Flat 18 (Knights Place)
10000
Flat 15 (Knights Place) 8000
Flat 14 (Knights Place) Flat 1 (Rowan House)
6000 Flat 3 (Rowan House) UK 'Medium consumption' according to OFGEM Data
4000
2000
0 Total Energy Consumption kWh/yr
Comparison of Calculated & Monitored Energy Knights Place (kWh/sq.m/yr) June 12 – May 13
8000
Predicted Energy demand Knights Place (PHPP)
! !
Flat 18 (Knights Place)
7000
Flat 15 (Knights Place) 6000
Flat 14 (Knights Place) UK 'Medium consumption' according to OFGEM Data
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0 Heating Ventilation
Hot Water
Household Electricity
Last winter = extreme coldest & longest for 50 years
Comparison of Calculated & Monitored Energy Rowan House (kWh/sq.m/yr) June 12 – May 13 ! !
8000
Predicted Energy demand Rowan House (PHPP)
7000
Flat 1 (Rowan House) 6000 Flat 3 (Rowan House) 5000 UK 'Medium consumption' according to OFGEM Data 4000
3000
2000
1000
0 Heating Ventilation
Hot Water
Household Electricity
Last winter = extreme coldest & longest for 50 years
Knights Place kWh sub meter results (winter) 2nd Jan +2 to +10 deg C 30.00
20th Jan – 2 to +4 deg C 35.00
30.00
25.00
25.00
Flat 18 = very high socket & kitchen appliances load. Windows are open very little in summer plug in fans are used.
20.00 20.00
Flat 15 = higher heating load as windows are open in winter
15.00 15.00 10.00 10.00 5.00
Flat 14 – no heating load, but high cooker load as the tenant is a chef
5.00
0.00
0.00
Flat 15
Flat 18
Flat 14
Flat 15
Flat 18
Flat 14
Knights Place kWh sub meter results (summer day & full year) 2nd June +7 to +20 deg C
Year 1 June 12 to May 13
16.00
7000.00
14.00
6000.00
12.00
Flat 18 = very high socket & kitchen appliances load. Windows are open very little in summer plug in fans are used.
5000.00
10.00 4000.00 8.00
Flat 14 – no heating load, but high cooker load as the tenant is a chef
3000.00 6.00 2000.00
4.00 2.00
1000.00
0.00
0.00
Flat 15
Flat 18
Flat 14
Flat 18
Flat 14
Flat 1 Rowan House Air Temperature & Heating Energy Cold Day 20th Jan -2 to + 4 deg C. Not a day of discomfort since moving in Happy with comfort and energy consumption Temperature does not drop below 20 degrees C
Flat 3 Rowan House Air Temperature & Heating Energy Cold Day 20th Jan -2 to + 4 deg C.
Does not use Supply Air Heater Battery Pink line is mainly fan
power only
Relies on intermittent plug in heaters Largest flat cheapest energy bills Tenant is happy with low energy bills Bedroom sensor is in a bedroom that is now not used
Flat 14 Knights Place Air Temperature & Heating Energy Cold Day 20th Jan -2 to + 4 deg C.
Does not use supply air heater, pink line is fan power only Not a day of discomfort since moving in Happy with comfort and energy consumption Mean temperature 20 degrees C
Flat 15 Knights Place Air Temperature & Heating Energy !
!
Cold Day 20th Jan -2 to + 4 deg C.
Supply Air Heater Battery on
Keeps windows open throughout winter This was witnessed on several occasions, once during IR survey at 07:00 am and -2 degrees C.
Flat 18 Knights Place Air Temperature & Heating Energy !
!
Cold Day 20th Jan -2 to + 4 deg C.
Heater battery switches off when living room is up to temperature which affects bedroom Move stat to corridor
C02 Levels Flat 14 Knights Place commissioned to Part F
PHI uses ISO standard up to 1500 ppm = good
C02 Levels Flat 15 Knights Place commissioned to Part F
PHI uses ISO standard up to 1500 ppm = good
C02 Levels Flat 18 Knights Place commissioned to Part F
PHI uses ISO standard up to 1500 ppm = good
Heating Fine Tuning
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1. Flat 13 air balance check was found to be low !
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2. Increase the Air Volume by 25% 3. Change air balance between bedroom & living room
4. Move temperature stat to corridor
Zero Carbon Hub Study 2010 Heat Loss Measured vs Predicted High number of buildings more than double the design figures
Low energy buildings with the larger performance gap
High energy buildings with the lower performance gap
Zero Carbon Hub Study 2010 Heat Loss Measured vs Predicted
10 dwellings over 50 – 120 % higher 5 dwellings 10-18% higher, these ones are the high energy dwellings so the gap is less Low energy buildings with the larger performance gap Compare to 1st graph where higher energy loads are expected due to coldest winter only flat 18 is out of the design range due to high sockets load.
Lessons Learnt
The flats use about 4-5 x less heating energy & 2-3 times less hot water energy compared to standard new build
This overall translates to 1/3 of the total energy TSB monitoring programme has been finding that the Passivhaus projects outperform the non Passivhaus projects for low energy use, thermal comfort and high air quality
We have managed to reduce heating and hot water loads via design the next step in closing the gap is tenant behaviour and appliance use.
Energy loads due to tenant behaviour and appliance use requires particular attention. G&S propose to develop low energy strategies for such tenants Stable comfort conditions during hot summer periods were found last year, further analysis of this summer year will complete this picture
Monitoring Achievements Funding achieved for Exeter City Council from the Technology Strategy Board (TSB) = ÂŁ120,000
We have learn that in general the flats use about 1/3 of the energy compared to standard new build Tenants have been involved and been part of the leaning experience We have applied lessons learnt to the next Council Own Build Housing projects There are 12 more months of this monitoring project
The Council can have confidence in the Passivhaus approach moving forward with their Council Own build projects