Design Thinking To Propose a Service Model Health Center For Women
~ THANK YOU ~ To all of the women and IU Health staff who participated, we give our heartfelt appreciation for your time —and your voices. You provided us with valuable information for our research. It is our desire that we have truthfully represented your views and perspectives in a clear and cohesive format. This project would not have been possible without you —we hope to turn your ideas into reality.
This research was conducted as part of the course, Collaborative Action Research in Design at MFA Degree in Visual Communication Design. The Design Team: Adrienne Brown, Galo Carrion, Robert Wessel, Michelle Kwolek Professor: Youngbok Hong Project Partners: Dr. Valerie Omicioli / Julia Whiteker, RN PARTICIPANTS IU Health Staff: Dr. Louis Star, Dr. Douglas Hale, Mary Jane MacCartie, RN, Ann Bredensteiner, Jill Dodson And many generous women from the city of Indianapolis This document is under a Creative Commons license. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they credit this work and license the new creations under the identical terms.
Herron School of Art & Design, IU, Indianapolis May / 2015
Index Experience Menopause....................................... 5 A People-centered Approach to Addressing Menopause....................................................... 9 Design Thinking....................................................... 9 Project Objectives.................................................. 10 Methods Used........................................................ 11 Design Outcomes............................................. 15 Understanding the problem................................... 15 Proposing solutions................................................ 18 3.1. Solution Framework......................................... 18 3.2. Service Model Proposal................................... 20 3.3. Storyboards..................................................... 25 Next Steps....................................................... 31 Appendix........................................................ 33 Who is the Design Team?............................................. 40
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IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
Experience Menopause Imagine waking up, your pajamas drenched in sweat but the temperature in the house is 62 degrees and it’s wintertime. You’re not sure what’s going on, but for the past couple of weeks you have been experiencing these symptoms and want to know if you’re coming down with an illness. If you are this woman, you may be experiencing menopause. Menopause, like puberty, is another phase in a woman’s life brought on by hormone changes.
Menopause is a natural part of life that every woman will encounter as she reaches a certain time in her life. The National Institutes of Health describes menopause as a normal part of life, just like puberty. During that time a woman will have her last period and may experience a variety of symptoms, including hot flashes and problems sleeping, or no symptoms at all1. The Cleveland Clinic defines menopause as “a stage in life when a woman stops having her monthly period. It is a normal part of aging and marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years.” Menopause typically occurs in a woman’s late 40s to early 50s, the average age of onset in the United States is 512 —about 40 million women by 2000. However, women
51 30
55
Menopause can happen as early as late 30s, but the average age is 51 in the United States. Source: MayoClinic.com
1 www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/menopause consulted on April, 12 2015 2 www.healthline.com/health/menopause/facts-statistics-infographic#1 Consulted on April, 12 2015 Experience Menopause
5
who have their ovaries surgically removed or women who had received cancer treatment could undergo “sudden” menopause3. In 2000, there was an estimated 45.6 million postmenopausal women in the United States. Globally, the number is projected to rise to 1.1 billion by the year 2025, which makes menopause a very important concern to healthcare systems all around the world. This presents a unique challenge for a new center dedicated to women dealing with menopause and its effects—not only for the related medical symptoms, but also with the overall quality of life at home, at work, and in the community. A Growing Population
1,100 M 477 M
Year
2000
2025
In 1998, there were more than 477 million postmenopausal women in the world (...). By 2025, the number of postmenopausal women is expected to rise to 1.1 billion. Life expectancy for women worldwide was 65 years in 1998 (79 y in more developed countries). This is expected to rise to 72 years worldwide by 2025 (82 y in developed countries).4
3 my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic-what-is-perimenopause-menopausepostmenopause consulted on April, 12 2015 4 Melissa A. Clanton. “Menopause: understanding and Managing the transition using essential oils vs.Traditional allopathic medicine” 6
IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
Menopause Symptoms
The symptoms associated with menopause vary for each woman. She may only experience a few symptoms, while others will experience several.
A People-centered Approach to Addressing Menopause
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A People-centered Approach to Addressing Menopause Design Thinking Design Thinking focuses on people-centered approaches for collaborative, creative problem solving. This type of research can occur within diverse contexts that advance the role of design thinking in business innovation, organizational leadership, public service, and social advocacy. Left: Women share their menopause experiences and capture thoughts on sticky notes.
The Herron Visual Communication Design graduate program in Design Thinking and Design Leadership allows students to engage with real-world, unframed problems that require skills for identifying and framing challenges and generating and optimizing solutions. Collaborative, cross窶電isciplinary research activities are directed to leverage knowledge, resources and perspectives across stakeholders in the problem solving process. In the Spring 2015 Collaborative Action Research in Design course, the team used design thinking as a way to define the parameters of a menopause-related service model, through creative reasoning and visual sensemaking. The project focused on proposing a patientcentered service model for women that integrates different resources
A People-centered Approach to Addressing Menopause
9
Top: The card sorting activity included cards with providers and services, as well as blank cards for additional ideas.
that women could have at their disposal to improve their quality of life. By working collaboratively to collect different points of view and to understand contexts toward developing an appropriate solution, we engaged with multiple perspectives from patients and staff and sought to involve them in the process as much as possible.
Project Objectives Menopause has shifted from a taboo issue to a topic of open conversation. Today, women are more open to options that alleviate the symptoms that affect not only their health but their quality of life. Currently menopause has inadequate treatment within the healthcare system; according to Dr. Valerie Omicioli “more than 65% of [patients] were found to have insufficient knowledge about the pathophysiology of vasomotor symptoms, hormonal and nonhormonal therapies, bone health, cardiovascular health and metabolic syndrome.5” Considering this actual scenario, the goal of the project was to create a service model for a center focusing mainly on menopause. Many women go to their primary care physician (PCP) or gynecologist to address their menopause-related symptoms; the proposed center would integrate with existing women’s healthcare, giving women a 5 Valerie Omicioli, M.D., MS, NCMP, Mature Woman’s Center / Speciality Gynecology Draft. 10
IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
Top: IU Health staff work together to match services and providers during the card-sorting activity.
choice in responding to their own unique menopause challenges. The initial meeting between Dr. Omicioli, Professor Hong and the Herron students was an opportunity for the design team to learn about both menopause and Dr. Omicioli’s vision for the center. This meeting set the stage for the design team to understand their role and how they could address the goal of the project - the creation of a new service model.
Methods used Using a mixture of methods, the design team was able to hear the voices of both patients and IU Health providers and staff. We selected qualitative methods to develop an understanding of the patient and staff perspectives from their unique contexts. Qualitative methods are valuable in providing rich descriptions of complex phenomena; tracking unique or unexpected events; “(...) giving voice to those whose views are rarely heard; conducting initial explorations to develop theories and to generate and even test hypotheses; and moving toward explanations”6. The methods we chose to use for this project include multiple focus groups, individual and group interviews, an ideation session and also card sorting.
6 Sofaer, S. “Qualitative methods: what are they and why use them?”. Health Services Research, 1999 Dec;34(5 Pt 2):1101-18. A People-centered Approach to Addressing Menopause
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Top: The design team works on analyzing data from the focus groups and interviews.
The design team engaged with three different types of participants: potential patients, providers, and additional healthcare staff to gain their perspectives of the potential service model. The purpose of the focus groups was to gain different perspectives from women who have experienced or who are currently experiencing menopause, and to solicit their ideas for potential services. The women’s ages ranged from the late 30s to the late 70s. They were from various backgrounds, including professionals, guild volunteers, and church members. This diverse group of women offered a wealth of personal experiences with menopause. All of the sessions were held at either IU Health North or Robin Run Retirement Village. The purpose of the ideation session was to gain women’s perspectives on how the center’s services could be implemented. The session was conducted with several volunteers from the focus groups, who have experienced or are currently experiencing menopause, and who also have knowledge and experience in healthcare services.
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Top: The design team formed categories from all of the data collected from focus groups and interviews.
The purpose of the interviews was to gain providers’ perspectives on what the center model could look like. The interviews were conducted with Dr. Hale, Dr. Omicioli, and Dr. Star - all provider representatives of the IU Health system. Based on the data received from the focus groups and interviews, the design team decided that an additional method could be used to further understand what the center model could look like, so they decided on a card sorting activity. The purpose of the card sorting activity was to match providers with services of the potential center. The card sorting group, composed of healthcare staff, visited the design team’s studio and reviewed all of the data collected from both focus groups and interviews. During the activity, the participants also wrote on blank cards any additional staff or services that could be part of the center. Responding to the defined needs collected from the focus groups and interviews, the IU Health staff were able to make connections and help the design team visualize potential ways for the center to operate. All participants were gracious enough to give their time and lend their voice to this project. By doing so, we were able to capture a wellrounded understanding of the potential of the center.
A People-centered Approach to Addressing Menopause
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Design Outcomes Understanding the Problem Left: During one of the focus groups, participants talk about potential services at the center.
The focus groups proved to be extremely valuable in capturing the individual voices of the women who experience menopause. There were women who had not yet begun menopause, some in perimenopause and menopause, and some in postmenopause. Each woman shared her experiences and provided great insight on how she is affected by menopause. Each team member created an experience map to share their interpretation of the data from the focus groups as a way of sensemaking (see appendix for additional visual maps interpreting women’s menopause experiences). The experience map also allows for stakeholders in the project to see the data collected from the focus groups. By providing this information visually, the team shows how women experience menopause from their point of view, including symptoms and emotions, as well as the services they want to have available. Although menopause is different for every woman, we learned that there are some common threads between each woman’s experience: physiological, psychological, and interpersonal effects.
Design Outcomes
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“I don’t want to gain weight like mother and grandmother did”
Antidepressant side effect= weight gain
Gained 50 lbs
Identity and Emotion: Women might feel like a different person because of changes in her appearance, actions, and emotions. Dealing with physiological symptoms and hormonal fluctuations could lead them to have uncommon levels of stress, per example. Long-term Health: Women have long-term health problems and life issues to consider.
It’s hard to deal with stress & easy to feel overwhelmed
Physical appearance is changing
Physiological Symptoms: Women may experience physiological symptoms that can affect their overall quality of life, including hot flashes, night sweats, and weight gain.
Takes Prozac anti-depressan
Can’t handle raising college-age daughter at same time
Identity &
Likely busy taking care of kids & parents
Dealing with family is a challenge
She might feel like a d changes in her appeara
Doesn’t want to talk about it with partners or family
Husband has to deal with the brunt of it
Education and Care: In general, women don’t feel knowledgeable about menopause, have many questions, and want to feel cared for. Besides, the lack of knowledge in spouses, family, and other group circles about causes and effects of menopause affect their mood. Takes melatonin
Insomnia
Physiologic Sensemaking Map
Lower sex drive & discomfort during sex
Data from focus group is visually represented in this sensemaking map.
She may experience physio can interfere w
Night sweats & hot flashes Wakes her up at night
In
Uses fan & special PJs to keep cool
Embarassment about hot flashes
N m
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Feels alone Cried at anything & didn’t know if emotions were caused by menopause
c/ nts
It’s more difficult to cope with emotions
Became a “raging bitch”
Diet & exercise can improve physical and mental health
Risk of cardiovascular disease
Risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures Suspects hormones caused cancer
& Emotion
Long-term Health
different person because of ance, actions, and emotions.
She has long-term health problems and life issues to consider.
Wants to be carefully considered, not just thrown medications
Patient
ological symptoms that with her life.
Not discussed; may be the most sensitive topic
Help with wills, funeral plans, & advance directives
End-of-life planning
cal Symptoms
ncontinence
Screening for cancer
Education & Care She doesn’t feel educated, has questions, and wants to feel cared for.
Wants to learn about details & alternatives
Wants to know short & long-term side effects of treatment
Might not want treatment after learning risks. Doctor prescribes trial medications and doesn’t talk alternatives
Skeptical of providers’ knowledge
Wants compassionate discussion with provider
Wants care that’s more personal
Doesn’t always feel comfortable asking questions
Wants someone to teach and coach her
OBGYN said she was too young for menopause Learns as much from peers as as she does from doctors
Wants doctor who will ask how she’s doing emotionally
Design Outcomes
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Proposing Solutions
PR OV ID PR ER OV ID S ER S
Using the information collected during the focus groups and ideation session, we developed an integrated model of services that may benefit women who are in the various stages of menopause. The concept communicates potential touch points at the center and visualizes service scenarios.
ful ALTERN ATIVE THE RAP IES S SSE CLA
Work Environment Classes Counseling Support Alternative Therapies
ENVIRONMENT WORK COUNSELING SUPPORT
IU Health Home Environment Risk Assessment Diet/Exercise Medical Mental Activities Classes Family Resources Information/Education Information/Education Counseling Community Activities Other
ith nausea)
Solution Framework Categories:
elp
1. Highlights dimensions of the menopause experience 2. Illustrates a network of services (home, work, community, healthcare system), and 3. Allows patients and providers to see, in one place, the range of potential services.
be h
The proposed solution framework for the service model places patients in the center and considers home, work, provider, and healthcare system contexts. Based on our research, the main area to address menopause challenges is the healthcare system. During the project timeframe we did not fully explore the other contexts, but they should be considered in the future. Depending on a woman’s specific needs, however, she may request or be offered other services that best fit her situation. The solution framework:
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3.1. Solution Framework
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Solution Framework The solution framework highlights an integrated system of services, all with a patient-centered perspective 18
IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
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3.2. Service Model Proposal
PATIENT TOOLS The Service Model The solution framework shows the types of services that women need and want, but how might they connect with those solutions? After analyzing and synthesizing the needs and desires of the women, as well as the suggestions from providers, we propose this service model for the center. The model is focused on the patient’s journey in order to further emphasize the importance of the woman’s perspective. The woman’s journey through the center’s services is crafted with one main concept in mind: it exemplifies that she has a choice in her care. The goal is to facilitate the patient’s decision-making process about the type of care she wants to receive. She can determine, with systematic help and guidance, what she wants out of her healthcare experiences.
CENTER TOOLS
PATIENT ACTIONS
In order to visualize the proposed model, a service blueprint was created to show the journey and the different elements that would be involved. A The Health Assessment Form A beginning step in her journey with the Center is the health assessment, a form that the patient fills out about her past and current health and lifestyle information. The form could also measure some psychological characteristics to inform the health coaches about how to best motivate the patient. The assessment might even ask questions as if it were a motivational interview, so as to encourage personal reflection as the patient answers questions. It is in this form that she should feel safe and comfortable to confide all of her experiences. She should ultimately feel like her health is important, that she owns her problems, and has a better idea of what she might need. This form can also be 20
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ACTIONS IN CENTER: DAY OF APPOINTMENT
ACTIONS IN CENTER: BEFORE APPOINTMENT
KEY CONSIDERATIONS
Go to doctor’s office
Center website
Center website
Paper form
Phone
Cerner
Cerner
Phone
Promotional materials
Computer
Get referred and/or see marketing materials
A Learn from marketing or word of mouth
Fill out health assessment
B Make appointment
Go to center
Meet with he
Go to center
Meet pa
Debrief of process/what
Create health assessment form
Create marketing plan
Schedule appointment Review patient’s health assessment Assign coach to patient
Create brand system
Create a network of providers & resources
1
2
Define criteria of health assessment
Design Outcomes
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B
ealth coach
patient
Binder
Binder
Educational materials
Phone
Binder
Binder
Binder Educational materials
Computer Paper form
Binder
Phone
Binder
Follow up with navigator
C
FIRST VISIT
Review health assessment
Work with coach to create healthcare plan
Receive healthcare plan and binder
Meet with nurse practitioner or doctor
Meet with coach and update plan and binder
Follow up with specialists
Fill patient binder with materials
Meet with patient to discuss follow-up items
Leave center
Follow up with primary care physician
FOLLOW UP
Update binder with coach
Talk about patient health assessment
of center at to expect
Create healthcare plan materials
Create a network of providers & resources
Create educational materials
2
3
used to pair patients with health coaches who may have more knowledge or personal experience in a certain area that she needs. It will be necessary to define the criteria for the form and figure out what information is needed in order to define her needs and pair her with a health coach. B The Health Coach In order to create a more personalized patient experience and increase the woman’s feeling of ownership in the healthcare decision-making process, our model suggests that the center has health coaches who co-create a healthcare plan with the patient. The coach doesn’t necessarily have to be a doctor or nurse, but will have experienced menopause herself and have a lot of knowledge about women’s health, treatment options, and how the healthcare system works. The coach needs to provide the patient with helpful, relatable information while sensitively engaging in conversation. Coaches must be excited and motivated to help people, naturally empathetic, and have strong social and communication skills. They are like friends who are knowledgeable, reliable, caring, and great listeners. As a result of their interactions, patients should feel motivated, empowered, and encouraged to take ownership of their health by taking the actions laid out in a patient plan that they create. C The Healthcare Plan and Binder Another important tool to support the model is the healthcare plan and binder. The healthcare plan is an important step in getting the patient to tackle her challenges. By creating the plan with her coach, the patient can confidently seek treatment because she is able to make decisions herself, while still having some guidance by someone who is knowledgeable. Upon the patient’s first visit, the health coach gives her a binder which will house her care plan, educational content, and suggested resources. In follow-up appointments, she meets with her coach and updates her binder based on what she has done since they met last. The patient plan and binder are living documents that can be changed as needed. The binder is an easy place where all of her information resides and is something that she can edit herself and easily take
Design Outcomes
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ownership of. The binder facilitates a conversation with providers, encourages further reflection, and provides a space for the patient to record questions and make sure she gets all of the answers she needs. Key Considerations In order for the proposed service model to be implemented, there are several steps that need to be taken. 1 Developing the Brand First, the Center’s brand needs to be developed so it represents the service offerings, the concepts of choice and empowerment, and attracts the women who would benefit from the services. Within this brand, the Center name and visual identity will be established. A marketing strategy and concept is also needed to advertise the services and unique approach. It is important to consider how to best reach the audience while still maintaining the concepts embedded in the service. 2 Creating the provider and community network Another consideration is that a network of providers should be established so the health coaches and other providers in the center have a resource that they can reliably consult with while helping the patient create her healthcare plan. It is important that relationships between these providers are maintained so there is consistent communication regarding the patients. In addition, the community relationships and assets that can be referred to should be defined, such as fitness centers or massage therapists. 3 Creating the educational material A key factor in our service model is that the woman and the people around her will gain education about her health. Different educational materials can be created for the woman herself, for her spouse, her children, and her coworkers, for example. It is suggested that the educational materials are made with the consideration of different learning styles. Videos and printed materials may be the most dominant.
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3.3. Storyboard In order to help visualize a scenario that could be part of this new service model, the team developed storyboards. A storyboard is a sequence of drawings, typically with some directions and dialogue, that provide a concrete example of how people might experience a particular service. The design team selected two specific examples of service experiences-helping women in their home environment and helping them in their work environment- and illustrated how the health coach could be used as an agent for identifying and providing options to facilitate choices in these environments. Our storyboards help to show providers and patients how potential IU Health North services could be carried outside of the clinic to women’s home and work environments.
Design Outcomes
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IU Health North Women’s Center
“HELPING AT HOME” Hi Lisa. What’s been going on with you since our last meeting?
IU Health North Women’s Center
I hear you. Sometimes it’s hard for men to understand all of the symptoms of menopause.
HOME SWEET HOME
Hi honey. I have something for you to read. My health coach gave it to me. It’s a booklet that will help you know what it’s like for me as I go through menopause.
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IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
IU Health North Women’s Center
Let’s see. Would your husband talk to some other men about it? Or would he rather read about it?
HOME SWEET HOME
Thanks honey. I know I haven’t been very supportive of you lately. I will read this and then we can talk about it. How does that sound?
IU Health North Women’s Center
IU Health North Women’s Center
Well, I’ve been having some trouble getting my husband to understand my night sweats.
I’m beginning to feel like he’s fed up with me.
IU Health North Women’s Center
IU Health North Women’s Center
He’s not very good with groups, but I think he would read some information if I had something.
Great! Here’s a booklet we created for the spouses of women going through menopause. It can help spark a conversation.
“
(How about) a mini-book for spouses? Menopause for men. My husband is more likely to read literature or brochures to get a better understanding.
”
—Focus Group Participants
Design Outcomes
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The BOSS
“HELPING AT WORK”
I’m feeling really stressed right now, but I can’t leave the office.
The BOSS
Exercise Tips Stress Management Alternative Treatments
Hmm...I see some resources here: exercise tips, stress management at work, alternative treatments...stress management is definitely what I need right now...click!
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IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
Read read read...
!
The BOSS WOMEN’S CENTER
Oh wait! I remember my health coach talking about resources on the center’s website. I think there’s a link for it in my patient plan.
The BOSS
Meditate meditate meditate...
Here it is...IU Health North Women’s Center...
The BOSS
Wow! I feel a lot better. Now I feel like I can make it through the rest of the day. Hey - I should tell Jane about this site she’s going through menopause right now too.
Ideas from our focus group participants included stress management tips and yoga and meditation classes. Design Outcomes
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Next Steps Over the course of this project, we have identified different phases to be addressed. The first phase, which is identified in this report, dealt more with the creation of the service model. The subsequent phases will focus more on concrete deliverables necessary to implement the physical creation of the center, including documents, space design, and other items. IU Health needs to identify stakeholders in next phases necessary to take action in solution areas outlined in solution framework. Concretize services/conceptualize service experience: develop next steps for business plan while considering service concept / decide on services to serve as content for business plan Define community partners and assets: determine which healthcare providers and community organizations (counselors, health and wellness centers, churches, etc.) could be part of the integrated service concept Brand development: communicate with marketing department and address target audience Design of clinic space: address the importance of patient flow, including patient perspective and needs Design of health assessment form: create a form that encourages patient self-assessment and facilitates center understanding of patient needs* Design of materials binder, including patient plan: design the binder and healthcare plan to enable the patient to tackle her specific challenges* Creation of educational materials: create these materials to help women and their families understand menopause* * As designers, our role can be extended to assist as the project progresses. Herron students can offer their services for these individual elements in the proposed service model.
Design Outcomes
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Appendix Additional visual sensemaking maps created by the design team for this project.
“ “(...) moisture issue in intercourse (...)” “Minor hot flashes: physical side wasn’t as bad as emotional”
“(...) lack of regularity, uterus decides when to bleed”
“(...) had night sweats for 3-4 years”
“Menopause issues are an emergent concern for Health Care System” “Patients needs to feel comfortable to talk about sexual issues”
“The center should be a resource, not a competition(...)”
“There also other things that can be better addressed like the psychological side, urological issues and breast health”
“A woman’s biggest resource is her personal friend network(...)”
“Guide patientes through network of other physicians” “Biggest plus is that doctors have a place to refer women to”
“Husband m literatu get better
“Menopause has practically ruined my life”
“Has weird headaches that hurt in several places; feels somewhat like “I used to know a migraine” my body” “Upset that gained 50 pounds”
“There is not suport from her husband and kids”
“Feel like my body is fighting itself” “Emotional roller coaster” “Feeling Overwhelmed” “Sudden losses are harder on people because is more common”
“Our culture does not want to engage with the topic of death —don’t want to face mortality” “Concerned about return of cancer”
“Create a building where there are several resources” “Osteopathic doctors have a more holistic view of treatment” “Pelvic physical therapy is a service that is needed (...)” “Would like to work with a nutritionist”
“Would be comfortable with medical expert who was not a physician”
“Would like alternatives to medications (...)”
“Pamphlet to share with daughters, family”
more likely to read ure/brochres to r understanding”
“Preventive strategies to anticipate and deal with menopause (...)”
“Would like more well-rounded treatment and a specialist”
“Most valuable services to women are alternative therapies (acupuncture, bioidentical, hormone therapy)”
Who is the Design Team? [Youngbok Hong] Youngbok is an associate professor of Visual Communication Design at Herron School of Art and Design, Indiana University. She teaches and researches in the areas of creative problem solving process, design research methodology, and peoplecentered service experience design. Youngbok sees the design discipline as a methodological approach for diverse social and cultural problem solving. [Adrienne Brown] Adrienne Brown is a native Hoosier who previously attended university at Florida A&M University in Tallahassee, FL and University of Central Florida in Orlando, FL, both for Industrial Engineering. Adrienne is interested in design as a creative problem-solving process across subject areas, with strong interests in healthcare, education, and social innovation. She began the Visual Communication Design graduate program in Fall 2014. Her matriculation in this program has allowed Adrienne to fully embody her hybrid/mutant/balanced self, appealing to her logical and creative sides. [Galo Carrion] Galo Carrion was born in Cuenca, Ecuador, where his father is a photographer and his mother teaches impaired children. Maybe because of them is the reason he always has been interested in Visual Communication and teaching. Galo is a professor at
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IMPROVING HER JOURNEY
the University of Cuenca where he teaches Advertising and Graphic Design Theory. Two years ago, in the Faculty of Arts, he created, along with other professors, a laboratory to explore and promote the use of the technology in arts and design. He is interested in programming, microcontrollers and data visualization. [Michelle Kwolek] When Michelle discovered that design and the social sciences intersect, she knew she found her place in people-centered design and research. Always integrating her visual communication design skills, she has conducted research and designed solutions in healthcare, social, and cultural problem spaces. She wants to use her design skills for good. [Rob Wessel] Rob’s been all over the map—both literally and figuratively, professionally and personally. He’s spent a lot of time in the American West, including Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. He’s seen a bit of the Middle East, a smattering of Europe, and even has some Newfoundlander blood in him. He has a bachelor’s degree in fine art, a master’s degree in Arabic and Middle Eastern Studies, knows what the inside of a nuclear missile silo looks like, and can spot a lot of interesting things on a satellite photograph. Over the next few years Rob plans on taking his talent for wandering to the next level, combining his years of accumulated experiences with some new ones and turning it all into a design thinking career.
Experience Menopause
www.aboutdesignthinking.com