to
of Up
Mrs. S.T. Blackwood
A MANUAl>-Or MARKS
POTTERY AND PORCELAIN A DICTIONARY OF EASY REFERENCE
BY
W. H.
HOOPER AND W.
C.
PHILLIPS
Uontion
MACMILLAN AND AND NEW YORK 1894 All Rights Reserved
CO.
First Edition, 1876; Second Edition, 1877; Reprinted with corrections and additions, 1894.
iZ-]^,
1886;
P
K E F A C E.
THIS edition has been carefully revised and enlarged of many new marks.
by the addition
When
first
issued none of the marks of Japan had At that time information was difficult
been published.
to obtain, and much of it has since been found to be unFranks reliable ; by the kind permission of Sir A.
W.
a large number of marks are now inserted, which will be found to include all the factories of importance.
Being only intended for a pocket-volume, unimportant and unknown marks are left out. For more detailed information, the works of Brongniart, Chaffers, Demmin, Jacquemart (admirably translated by Mrs. Bury Palliser), Marryat, Robinson and others may be
factories
consulted.
The work is divided into four parts in the first, the Marks are classed under descriptive heads, as Anchor, ;
etc. ; in the second Majolica the factories of Italy are arranged alphabetically; in the third, other factories of Europe on the same plan ; and in the fourth, the Oriental Marks are arranged by the number of characters inscribed.
Animal,
PREFACE.
IV
The Marks on Pottery and Porcelain are of three The first factory, workman, and pattern mark.
kinds
usually placed in a prominent position, sometimes accompanied by the mark of the maker or decorator. Sevres Porcelain, for instance, often having four or five The workmen's marks, besides that of the factory. pattern mark is usually a number ; this is seldom given, being useless without a description of the pattern is
itself.
The Marks, when pencilled or incised, vary very considerably ; a different hand, a full brush, or a flaw in the material, all tend to make them unrecognizable ; even when printed they are often blurred by the action of the fire or running of the enamel, and when impressed, a shrinking of the wet clay will change or obliterate them.
Z2STZDE1Z. MARKS. Anchor Animal Arrow Axe .. Beacon Bell
. .
Bird
..
Bow
..
Butterfly
Cadnceiis Circle
. .
Claw
..
Crescent Cross ..
Crown
Dome
.
Dot
..
.
Ermine Fish
.
Bassano Caffagiolo Castel Duranto .
Castelli
Diruta
Faenza Florence Forli
..
Genoa..
.
INDEX.
FACTORIES. r
INDEX. PAGE
Vll
CONTRACTIONS.
The quality of the Ware and the mode maj.
of
marking
is
described in the
first
column,
in the second, as follows
...
.
.
The third column contains the
. .
.
.
:
Incised.
Impressed.
...
Pencilled.
...
Printed.
...
Stencilled.
dates.
Pottery and Porcelain Marks.
ANCHOR CHELSEA
p
imp
P gold or red
iT POPPLES DORF
pot
SCEAUX PEXTIIIEVRE
s
B
p
imp
176-
p blue
175-
Pottery and Porcelain
L
SCEAU.X PKNTHIEVRK
pot
p blue
ITS-
VENICE
h p
p red
1765
Tliis
mark varies much
maj.
p color
17
pot
p blue
1
p red
173
very
44-
COLOGNE
Bow The form and position the swora vary.
a
p
7
of
COALRROOK DALE
h p
p blue
18
DERBY CHELSEA
p
p goK or red
1770
Marks.
CM '
j
VENICE
...
...
s
p
Giovanni Marconi
WORCESTER
Rf
p gold
17-
or color
p color
175-
imp
1793
pr blue
1805
Richard Holdthip, decorator
He
also ivcrked for
Derby
LoNGPORT
pot
ISTONE CHIN
Thus read from imperfect impression of name
CALDAS
CALDAS
pot
imp
pot
imp
pot
pr bluo
Imitation of Palissy Ware
ORTUGAJ.
MlDDLESBOROUGH 20,
20
Pattern mark
imp
18
Pottery and Porcelain.
ANIMAL. SWINTON
h p
p TO*
1824
MEISSEN Near Dresden.
pot
imp
17
HESSE CASSEL
hp
p blue
AMSTERDAM
hp
p blue
1772
FRANKENTHAL
h p
p blue
1754
CHINA
h p
p blue
The Rockingham
<n
!
Ow
old
Crest.
Nankin Ware.
It
M
.
17C3
Marks.
ARROW.
Bow
(?)
PLYMOUTH
...
Also with
PARIS
173-
b p
p blue
17 -
pot
imp
177-
p blue
1773
p
hP
CAUGHLEY
LEEDS
p blue
B
name Hartleij, Green
fy Co.
li
...
p
I)e la Courtille (sometimes called
Torches)
AXE. BADEN BADEN Tftctow Sperl.
h p
p gold or color
1753
Pottery and Porcelain
tffc
BADEN BADEN Widow Sperl
h p
p gold
1753
or color
DELFT De Byl (The Axe)
pot
p blue
I.7C4
Justus Brouwei
BEACON. GENOA
BELL. DELFT De drei
pot Kloklcen.
(The
3 bells)
W. Van dcr Docs
r
This mark varies so is called
much
that
it
Leaf and Arrowhead
p bine
1764
Marks,
BIRD.
AMSTERDAM Hartog and Brandeis.
ANSPACH Sometimes used without the
pet
p color
1780
h p
p blup
1718
letter
>
,
h p
SKVRES 1st
sten
Empire.
Emperor
LlVEUPOOL Liver, the
&
imp
Napoleor. III.
A
1810
p red
Arms
Case, Mort
of the fy Co.
Town.
h p
pr color
1852
pot
p color
1833
Pottery and Porcelain
HAGUE (The) The Arms of.
h p
y blua
177-
p
p blue
173-
BOW. Bow
s
BUTTERFLY. On
CHINESE
old
Nankin
h p
p blue
hp
pblue
1712
p
p blue
1753
maj.
p blue
15
CADUCEUS.
I
DRESDEN This mark WORCESTER
varies very much. s
In imitation of Dresden
CIRCULAR MARKS. FAENZA
And
...
other varieties, without the circle
and
also
Marks. HOCHST Tlie
arms
hp
p gold 1720 or color
pot
p color
of the Archbishop of
Maycnce.
Dahl
1794
&hp
T\
I
DAMM
Aschaferiberg
DELFT TFortuyn Fortune P. Van der Breil
Martinus Gouda
)
FLORENCE The arms
w (B)
Francis
II.
h p
p bine
17
pot
p oiuo
1G91
pot
1675
p
p color 15
niaj.
p color 15
s
of the Medici.
A very
rare mark.
Orazio Fontana Urbino fecit.
Pottery and Porcelain
10
DERBY
COLOGNE
h p
pot
1815
1G-
pot
...
MONTPELLIER Lc Vouland.
1
pr color
imp
18
SHELTON
pot
pr color
1820
BERLIN
hp
pr
1850
h p
pr color
1830
Royal Factory
SEVRES
...
The marie
ivas used
...
with the year
date from 1830.
Louis Philippi
1834
Marks.
i
.CHATEAU,
SEVRES
51 1
h p
Republic
BURSLEM Wedgwood
hp
pot 8c Bentlcy
pr color
&
1834
p red
1848
imp
1768
pbhu,
1764
hp
CLAW. DELFT De Klaauw (The Claw) Lambertus Sanderus.
pot
12
Pottiry and Porcelain
CRESCENT. CAUGHLEY
SALOPIAN.
h
p.
p blue
1750
p
p blue or gold
1751
And without name.
WORCESTER
URBINO
s
...
maj.
p blue
1591
Also with the initials E. F. B.
NAPLES
WORCESTER
mnj.
h p
p blue
17
p blue
1783
Mark* C<
V
MARIEBERG, Sweden
pot
& p
1750
color
sp
CC
1759
Ehrenreich,
CROSS. BRISTOL
h p
p
1773
iu
color
t
FULDA
...
VARAGES
h p
pot
p blue
p
bl:
C
i763
c
1730
or red
DRESDEN
h p
COPENHAGEN
*
CASEMENE
h p
...
pot
p blue
1720
p color
1772
imp
IS~
Pottery and Porcelain
BOURG-LA-REINE
h p
p
17
h p
p color
1773
h p
imp
1770
maj.
p color
1540
ma}.
p color
16
p blue
1801
Le Chappelet.
BRISTOL
TURIN
Vineuf
Dr. Gioanetti.
CROWN. BASSANO Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi $ B Terchj
CASTELLI
ST.
PETERSBURG
Alexander
b p
or color
I.
h p
Alexander
II.
p blue or color
1805
Marks.
PARIS
h p
p red
177P
Porcelaine de la Reine( Antoinette)
VENICE
maj
DERBY
s
p
BRUSSELS
h p
WORCESTER
hp
17-
p gold
p'
177-
color 18
imp
1807
Barr, Flight 8f Barr.
NAPLES Crown
maj.
p
16
of various shapes,
sometimes B.C.
SEVRES
'&
Charles X.
b p
1829
Pottery and Porcelain
SEVRES *0
Charles X.
h p
p bine
1829
hp
p blue
1758
p
p color
176-
b p
p blue
1758
h p
p blue
1788
30
LUDWIG-SBURG Also attributed
to
BUEN RETIRO Madrid.
Carlos III.
LUDWKJSBURG Initial of
Custine, director
URBINO (?)
pot
Duke Charles
NlEDERVILLER De
s
&
&
pot
16-
maj.
Luca Cambiasi
HOCHST
b p
p gold
&
color
17*JO
Marks. PARIS
...
Charles
Philippe,
hp
p blue
1769
Up
p blue
17G1
h p
p red or
1780
Comte
d'Artois, patron
FEANKENTUAL Carl Theodore
DERBY
...
violet
Dueslury
with
monogram
D K
Duesbury and Kean
also ivitnout croivn
Stevenson
HlLDEKSHEIM
$ Hancock
.,.
1798
...
...
,
...
,,
..
hp
18C-
p
bill?
1760
Pottery and Porcelain
i8
FULDA
..,
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples
h p
p blue
1763
s
p color
1780
hp
prod
1780
h
p blue
1756
p color
1825
imp or
1845
p
Ferdinandus. Rex
PARIS
...
DM and Guerhard HESSE DARMSTADT
p'
I'D ST.
PETERSBURG
Nicholas
...
h p
I.
h p
SEVRES
pr color
Louis- Philippe
M
CLIGNANCOURT
...
hp
stred
17SO
Marks.
BUEN RETIRO, Madrid
...
MARIEBERO, Sweden
sp
pot
&
p color
176-
p color
1750
p red or
1759
sp
VU U/
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples
s
p
blue
& imp SEVRES.
III.
Napoleon In this year the manufacture of soft paste was resumed
SAVONA.
(?)
Guidolono
...
...
s&
p color
1854
h p
10-
maj.
JV.Q.
o
ORLEANS
pot
p color
1753
Pottery and Porcelain
Paul
...
h p
p color
1796
...
h p
p blue
1750
LUDWIGSBURG
h p
p blue
1806
OPORTO
h p
p gold
1790
ST.
n
PETERSBURG.
DRESDEN
...
Saclisiche Porzellen
SPM
I.
Manufacture
.
t
WORCESTER WTT
or color
Vista Allegra
Flight
h p
p color
1793
and Barr
LIVERPOOL
pot
imp
&
1796
pr color
DOME. FLORENCE A rare mark
s
p
p color
1580
Marks. DOT.
o
o **
2i
.
oOo
I
LlMBACH
hp
p
1761
URBINO & FAENZA
maj.
p
16
h p
p color
ERMINE. STOKE-ON-TRENT
...
&
Minion
IS5-
gold
FISH.
GENOA
...
maj.
NYOV,
...
h p
p blue
1790
LILLE
...
hp
sten
&
1781
The Dauphin.
CHINA
Patron
This
mark
p red
li
...
Old Nankin ware varies
10
p
p
p blue
969 to HOfi
much
22
Pottery
and Porcelain
CHINA
h p
969
p blue
to 1106
FLEUR-DE-LYS.
*
Bow
s
p
p blue
173-
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples Removed to
s
p
p blue
1736
176-
BUEN RETIRO, Madrid MARSEILLES
EOUEN
...
pot
pr color
1777
p color
1542
Marks.
ST.
CLOUD
imp
1702
hp
p blue
1830
h p
p color
s
SEVRES
p
Sevres
30
FLOWER. CHINA.
(?)
Sesamum
1403 to 1424
p red
142G
&gold to 1435
(?)
Emblems
of longevity
//iese inarlis are
from old
Nankin ware; date un-
,,
p bluo
Pottery
CHINA
JAPAN.
and Porcelain
hp
...
On
old
and modern
ware in imitation
Nankin patterns
of
old ...
hp
j
i
blue
Marks. GEASS. This mark is knoivr. as the " Grass Mark" but it
CHINA. is
meant for a water plant
...
h p
p blue
960
to9G3
HAYFORK.
y
RUDOLSTADT
h D
p color
p blue
i
1758
.,
17A1SO WORCESTF.P
Pottery and Porcelain
HATCHET
(see
AXE).
HEAD. DELFT
...
...
...
pot
p color
pot
p color
17
imp
182-
HEART. MOTJSTIERS.
Olery
NAPLES
ST.
maj
SAMSON
pot
HORN. CHANTILLY
sp
pblue
1725
cr imp
LUDWIGSBUR
I
hp
p red or blue
1758
Marks. LABEL. ORLEANS
...
...
Gerault Daraubert
h
&
s
p
p color
1753
hp
p color
1770
h p
p blue
LEAF. BERLIN This mark
is frequently painted in green or gold over the Berlin
sceptre
on damaged pieces
GROSBREITENBACII
...
Sometimes a mere flourish
CHINA
A
...
...
...
great variety oj leaves are found on old Nankin ware, the mark was imitated by DELFT and other factories
Pottery and Porcelain CHINA.
(?)
Bamboo
leaves,
mark
of
Factory in King-te-chin
JAPAN.
a
h p
p blue
On ware painted with
1573 1619
...
h p
p blue
Chinese patterns
LETTERS.
A
PARIS.
Le basuf
A is also found
...
on
This mark varies much and sometimes
ANSPACH. very
p red
177-
blu*1
1718
Bow ware
looks like crossed swords
h p
p
Marks DELFT ... ... De G-dclcse A (The Alpha)
iTD
J. T.
A
A
D7M.
pot
p blue
pot
p blue
17G1
...
White Star)
Kiell
h p
Nowotny Director
U BEING
AP AVJJ
...
Stcr (The
ALTENROLHAU
A.N.
...
Dickstraat or Dextra
DELFT ... De Wittc
A.K.
29
& imp
1829
pot
maj
p
1GO-
p blue
1782
p
I'/-
Alphonso Patanazzi
ARRAS
...
s
DEF.FT
...
pot
p
\
I
and Porcelain
Pottery
h p
me
1793
pot
p color
1769
pot
p blue
175-
pot
inc
1538
BRISTOL
h p
p color
1773
GUBBIO
maj
p color
15-
pot
p color
180G
p bin?
1773
WORCESTER
B
...
B is
Bart-.
also on
MARSEILLES Bonnefoy
DELFT J.
...
Brouwer
SAINTES
...
Attributed
B
...
Bow ware
to
...
Bernard Pallissy
Maestro Giorgio
LUXEMBOURG
B. L.
&hp
BOCK.
BlaR
L.A
KiElNE
s
& DELFT
...
p pot
pot
p blue
Marks. BAYREUTH
pot
p blue
DELFT
r>ot
p biue
pot
p blue
(?)
...
Berghem
DELFT ... (?) Vender Does
Cc
CB
ST.
PETERSBURG
...
h
p
,,176-
Catherine
BAYREUTH
h p
p color
DELFT De Paauw (The Peacock)
pot
p blue
COALBROOK DALE
h p
p blue
1787
LIMOGES
h p
p red
1773
PARIS ... Chanou
n p
(?)
GO
15
1744
.
17
Cornells Boumeester
1781
Pottery
*C*
and Porcelain
Marks.
g
ST.
PETERSBURG
33 p blue
1762
p color
1759
pot
p
1764.
hp
p color
1773
maj
M
li
...
p
P. Kornilo/e
MARIEBERG
pot
&sp
Ehrenreich, director
14* DELFT
E BS
T' jongue Moriaans Hofft
(The young Moors head.)
5
BRISTOL
F
FLORENCE (A late mark on Fine
(Imitation Oriental.)
FAENZA
...
...
(Many
17
Pottery.)
14
maj
varieties of the letter
are found.)
FURSTENBERG
F is DELFT
also
...
found on
...
Bow
hp
pblue
pot
p blui
ware
...
1750
Pottery and Porcelain
34
F^ Xanto
URBINO.
MOUSTIERS.
F.DV
NAPLES
...
Feraud
...
Fab. del Vecchio, Napoli
FI
FP FR
FLORENCE.
UREINO.
F
maj.
pot
p color
maj.
imp
&hp
178-
17-
maj.
p
17-
Patanazxi
ma.
p
1G08
.
NEVERS
pot
PERKENHAMMER.
p
color
3730
Fischer
Reichembach
1802
GUBBIO
Bow ware
15
For Firenze
c
CAFJTAGIOLO.
p color
maj.
G
is
found on
1536
Marks. NAPLES.
6iK
35
Giustiniani
GERA
...
GOTH A
..
maj.
h p
imp & p color
17
p blue
1780
"
DELFT
pot
:
175-
p red
p
17-
p blue
1764
1179 , ,
OVJ
1
T'oude Moriaans Hojft.
(The old Moor's head) Geertruy
M
STBASBOUKG.
H
PARIS.
HB
NEVEKS.
pot
Verstelle.
Hannong
Hannong Henri Borne
...
1752
hp
& pot
...
...
pot
p color
1773
p color
168-
p color
176S
DELFT. Jacobus Haider Adriens
Pottery and Porcelain
H.F
NAPLES
17
maj.
p
pot
p ted
pot
p blue
15
pot
p blue
1764
pot
p blue
pot
imp
13
pot
p blu6
1764
pot
p bine
7CS-7 DELFT
...
NUREMBERG Haws Kraut
DELFT
Villingen
..,
Hendrick Van Hoorn
HVMD
DELFP ... THart (The Hart) Hendrick van Middeldijk
LISBON
DELFT (?)
DELFT //a 2-
,
...
Jacobus de Milde
...
Marks. DELFT
37
...
1680
pot
p blue
maj
p
pot
p blue
1761
hp
p blue
1790
pot
p red
18
pot
st color
1831
Jan Kuylich
I.P ITD 7
JJ?
(?)
PESARO.
(?)
In Pesaro
.
DELFT ... De Griekse A (The Alpha) JT.
T. Dikstraat or Dextra.
DELFT
...
DELFT
...
PARIS
...
Jacob Petit
LIMOGES J.
Pouyat
VOISONLIEU
& imp
Jean Zeigler
DELFT (?)
...
Jan Kuylich
pot
p blue
Pottery and Porcelain
DELFT
pot
...
pbluo
1GSO
pgold
177-
Jan Kuylich
II
m
H.HCVJ/
XV KVK
KIEL
...
or color
Buchwald, director A. Leihamer, decorator
DRESDEN
hp
p blue
J>
DELYT
...
..
17
T
17-
pot
LIMBACH
h p
p red
MONTELUPO
maj.
p
h p
p color
1791
pot
p blue
17G4
1761
Given by Jacquemart, Wolfs
Brush
LC
BRUSSELS L. GretU
DELFT ... De Lampetkan (The Widow G. Brouwer
Pitcher)
Marks.
B
MAP
39
BORDEAUX
p
DELFT ... (?) Van Dammelar
pot
p blue
CAFFAGIOLO
maj
p
15
SlNCENT Moulin
pot
p color
18G1
PARIS
h p
p blue
1773
color
...
Morel d Paris
GUBBIO
If
IS-
hp
Lahens and Bateau
15
rcaj
Maestro Giorgio
15* z a.
LOOSDEECHT
...
...
Manufactur oude Loosdrcch\ Moll
director,
h p
p blue
&
^ ni
P
177%
4o
Pottery and Porcelain OPORTO
pot
Rocha Soare
M.P
DELFT...
MP
...
...
De Metaale Pot (The Metal Lamlertus
A\VC
DELFT
\1~
pot
p blue
1639
Pot)
Cleffius
pot
...
NEVERS
IV
p gold or color
GUBBIO
...
...
pot
p
maj
p
color
15
153-
Vincentio or Cencio son of
KL
Maestro Giorgio
GUBBIO
N op
BOURG-LA-REINE
LILLE I
Petit
.,,
h p
p bme
1773
pot
p color
1778
Marks. LIVERPOOL Pennington
letters
p gold or color
1760
& imp
PINXTON These
pot
&hp s
p
p color
1791
are ascribed to
Pinxton, but t7ie wave was seldom marked
GUBBIO ?
15-
maj
Maestro Perestino
DELFT
pot
p
CAFFA.GIOLO
maj
p
15-
KOTTEN...
pot
p color
15
imp
183
pot
p color
15
pot
p bluo
1761
...
NlMES Plantier, Boncourant
ROUEN DELFT
P
...
v Doornp
...
$
Co.
Pottery and Porcelain DELFT
P
PVM
DELFT
P
...
pblue
1G91
pot
pblue
1764
p brown
...
MARSEILLES
p black
1777
hp
p blue
17
...
b p
p blue
17
p blue
1760
p blue
1.6
pot
&hp
Robert
RKGENSBERG OR RATISBON
R-n
pot
Meemm
van
DELFT
K
...
van der Breil
RAUENSTEIN
...
...
hp
DELFT
...
...
pot
v
pot
...
COLOGNE.
r
..
.
.
Marks.
S
S
43
CAUGHLEY
hp
pblue
1750
h p
p color
180V.
pot
p
color
1733
hp
pr green
1833
& sp
p blue
173-
1750
Salopian
SCHLAKENWALD
...
SlNCENT
SEVRES on white ware The Scratch denotes the piece
left
...
tJiat
the factory
undecorated. ST.
CLOUD
Trow Director
18G
pot
SX
SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE
up
inc
Ven?
VENICR
maj
p
color
BERLIN Wegeley, founder
h p
15
17-
&hp p blue
1751
Pottery and Porcelain
44
PLYMOUTH
p
p blue
176-
p
p blue
1751
Probably the usual marie, the sign
Jupiter,
carelessly
pencilled
WORCESTER
And
others in imitation of
oriental
WVB
s
,,
,
marks
DELFT ... ... ... De Twee Wildemans (The two Savages) Willem Van Beelc
pot
p blue
1764
DELFT ... Widow van
pot
p blue
1764
maj
p
URBINO
der Briel
Fco Xanto
maj
X p blue
N red lustre
Al
maj
p
Marks.
GUBBIO
maj
p
15
ZURICH
h p
p blue
1759
pot
p
1765
ALT HALDENSTEBEN
hp
imp
17
COPENHAGEN
hp
p blue
1772
hp
p blue
17
h p
p blue
17
DELFT
Z-DEJC
45
...
Dextra zoon
LINES.
The Sound, the great and little
ST.
Belts
PETERSBURG
MITRE.
WURZBURG
Pottery and Porcelain
Marks.
DELFT
47
pot
...
p blue
1761
A Kielle
SI
Moscow
l
h p
p
color
1830
pot
p black
1750
pot
p blue
1764
hp
p color
1830
pot
p blue
1680
A Popoff APREY
...
DELFT
...
De twee Ships)
Moscow A Popoff DELFT
...
Keyser
<f-
...
Scheepjes (The
two
Ant Pennis ...
...
Pynalcer
...
Pottery and Porcelain DELFT
...
Keyser
Sf
pot
p
col
1680
hp
p blue
1709
p blue
13
Pyndker
DRESDEN
DRESDEN
& imp
A modern mark PARIS
pot
...
p bluo
16
Reverend
DELFT
ANSPACH J.
..
...
or Frankenthal
,.
16-
17-
..
hp
..
hp
,.
pot
p color
A Hannonjr
TOURS
...
184-
Victor Avisseau
NEVERS
$6
Jacques Bourdu,
1602
Marks.
49
LUXEMBOURG
pot
&
B.L
p color
180G
p blue
1760
h p
E hp
NlEDERVILLEB
& pot
Beyerle founder
MARANS
...
...
pot
p color
1740
...
hp
p blue
18
h p
p blue
1787
maj
p
15-
Hp
pr color
185-
p bine
1824
Jean Pierre Roussencq
NTON
...
...
Pierre
Hulhausen decorator
COALBROOK DALB
URBINO
A
air.iilar
...
mark
STOKE-ON-TRENT
SEVRES Charles
is
...
dated 1549.
p
Pottery and Porcelain
maj
p
15-
COALBROOK DALE
hp
p blue
1787
DlRTJTA
maj
p
16-
PARIS
h p
p red
1784
maj
p
15
root
p blue
1651
VENICE
...
...
Probably Gian Andrea and Pietro Bertolini
...
Chanou
URBINO Nicolo
D/W
d'
Urbino
DELFT ... De Paauw (The Peacock) Jacobus de Milde 1764
Marks.
I*
DlRUTA
roaj
FLORENCE
maj
p
NEVERS
pot
p color
1636
pot
p blue
1680
16
p
14
FAOrEBAT
Denis Lefebvre
DELFT
...
Johannes Mesch
URBINO
TOOLOUSE Fouque" Arnoux LlLLiE F.
16
maj
$
pot
p
color
1820
pot
p
color
1729
pot
p color
1610
Co.
...
Boussemart
KREUSSEU Caspar V^t
1G90
Hans Christophe PARIS Dihl
...
4-
...
Vest ...
Guerhard, Due d"4n-
gouldine patron
h p
p red
1780
Pottery and Porcelain
NUREMBERG
pot
p blue
16G7
pot
p blue
1761
NUREMBERG
pot
imp
NAPLES
maj
p
17
pot
p blue
1680
pot
p blue
15
pot
p blue
17
George Liebolt
DELFT ... De drei
...
...
porceleyno FlescJijes
(The 3 porcelain bottles)
Hugo Brouwer
UK
DELFT
...
Jan Jan zoon Kuylich
//f NUREMBERG Hans Kraut
STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL Paul Hannong
&
h p
&
inc
Marks.
GUBBIO
...
53
...
maj
p
16
pot
p bluo
17
Hipollito Rombariotti
STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL
&hp
Hannong
FRANKENTHAL & STRASBOURG J. 4* P.
,,
Hannong
NEVERS
...
...
pot
p color
17
pot
sten
1802
p color
176-
Jacques Seignc
NIEDERVILLER
...
&hp
Lanfray
LIMBACH
(?)
...
...
h p
Pffold
.
PARIS
...
|
Gros Caillou
...
...
h p
p color
1773
Pottery ana Porcelain
54
SEVRES The
...
letter indicates Hie
...
p
p blue
1753
hp
p blue
1814
pot
p color
17
h
p blue
17
fl
date
See Sevres
Louis XVIII.
MOTJSTIERS Olcry
k
REGEKSBERG
or Eatisbon
...
T>
COLOGNE
pot
p blue
1589
HEREND
hp
pblue
1839
pot
p blue
1639
53!?
Maurice Fischer
... ... DELFT ... De Metaale Pot (The Metal
Pot)
Marks.
55
FAENZA
maj
p
154
maj
p
15
pot
pblue
1680
maj
p
15-
h p
st rod
1775
pot
p
10-
me*
ML URBINO Nicolo
DELFT
d'
Urbino
...
Q Kleynoven 15*44;
URH1NO Orazio Fontana
CLIGNANCOURT
Monogram
...
...
of the patron Louis
Stanislas Xavier Comte
de
Provence
ftw
DELIT (?)
...
Philip Wouvermans
Pottery and Porcelain
DELFT
pot
p blue
16SO
DELFT ... De Romeyn (The Roman) Petrus van Meerum
pot
p blue
1764
DELFT
pot
...
...
...
J. PynaJcer, C.
Keyser
A.
4-
Pynalcer
M
v
P
.f.
...
1G91
van der Briel
DELFT De porceleyne
pot
p blue
1764
h
p color
1792
Fles (The por-
celain bottle)
Pieter
van
Doorne
SEVEES
&sp
R^pullique Franqaise
GUBBIO (?)
maj
COALBROOK DALE
...
j
CaugJiley Swansea 4
1
j
p
Salimbene
Nantganv
h p
P blue
1861
Marks. DELFT
57 pot
p blue
DIRUTA
maj
p
16
CAFFAGGIOLO
maj
p
15
pot
p
175-
hp
p blue
179-
...
165
Samuel Pict Roerdet
ST.
AMAND
Fauquez
STOKE-ON-TIIENT
Minion
CASTELLI
or red
maj
p
pot
p
17
Sowerio Grue
DELFT... Suter van der Even
blue
1580
Pottery and Porcelain SCHAFFHAUSEN
.
.
.
pot
p color
1560
maj
p
15
pot
p blue
1650
pot
p color
1850
pot
p blue
1764
pot
pblue
1580
maj
p
15
pot
p black
1760
Tobias Stimmer
FAENZA
DELFT
...
...
...
Antoni Ter Humpelin
NEVERS
H
Tite Ristori
DELFT
...
...
Jan van der Kloot Jan Zoon
V
DELFT (?) Van
der
Even
FESARO (?)
Giovanni Vejaso
MARSEILLES I
Veuve Perrin
Marks.
VI
59
URBINO
maj
p blue
16
pot
p blue
176-4
h p
p blue
TUNSTALL
pot
imp
1780
SHELTON
pot
imp
17
pot
imp
1750
LANE END
pot
imp
18-
FAENZA
maj
p
15-
WOECK3TE14
hp
pr
1807
DELFT (?)
...
Wvander
Does
I
MUSICAL INSTEUMENTS. CHINA
...
...
...
Nankin ware
NAMES. W- Adams. Astbury. R. 4- J. Baddeley,
Bailey <$ Baikin.
r*
*fr Qodty
6o
Pottery and Porcelain
Enoch Booth. Brameld.
TUNSTALL
pot
imp
1750
SWINTON
b p
pr red
1807
pot
p color
1680
h p
pr color
1827
SWANSEA
hp
p
color
178-
LIVERPOOL
pot
p
color
1751
WORCESTER
h p
p
color
178-
& int.
DELFT
pot
Verboom painter
BPATbEFb KopHHAOBLDO
Chamberlain.
ST.
PETERSBURG
...
Korneloffslci Brothers
& imp Child.
Christian.
Govlfwt.
TUNSTALL
pot
imp
1763
LIVERPOOL
pot
imp
1765
COALBROOK DALE
h p
p blue
1787
Marks.
Copeland.
61
Pottery and Porcelain
62
WORCESTER
Flight.
Flight
# n
Ban-
Sf
Flight,
p color
1783
1793
...
Barr
1807
Barr.
DELFT <fl
hp
...
T.
pot
p blue
...
h p
imp
color 18
hp
imp
17
Fortwyn (Fortune)
P
van d&r Breil
Moscow
(DP
TYAMHA
...
Fabrica Gospodina The Factory of our Lady)
Galena.
Moscow FAPkHEPT} Ginori.
1C91
...
^tl
&
pot
Gardner
DOCCIA
s
p
imp
1735
NAPLES
maj
imp
17
WORCESTER
hp
pred
1800
TURIN
maj
p
J7
b p
st
Giusiiniani Brothers
Grainger, Lee Co.
Guerhard Dihl.
et
PARIS
(so attributed)
..
red
1780
Marks. Haclcwood.
o4 E. Mayer.
Pottery and Porcelain
Marks.
Phillips
$
Co.
B. Plant.
nonoBbi
Pouyat
$
Russinger.
Reid
4-
Co.
RocJcingham.
SUNDEELAND
pot
pr color
"V780
LANE END
pot
imp
177-
Moscow
li
p color
1830
h p
p red
1773
h p
imp
175-
pot
imp
1757
pr color
175G
A
p
Popoff
PARTS
De
...
la Couriille
LIVERPOOL
SWINTON
&hp Sadler fGreen.
LIVERPOOL
pot
&hp William Sans.
MN
1'
BUKSLEM
pot
imp
167-
SEVRES
s
p
st red
1S03
h p
st red
1806
National Factory
Imperial Factory
Pottery and Porcelain.
Marks.
m*
68
Pottery and Porcelain
MALTA
pot
imp
18
pot
p color
15
hp
p blue
176-
pot
p
pot
p
BERLIN
hp
pblue
1830
SAVONA
maj
p
16
..,
NEVERS
PLYMOUTH
...
...
This marie, the sign of Jupiter, is often considered as 2,
4
joined
ST.
B*
J.
CLOUD
color
1700
B. Chicanneau
DELFT
...
ORB.
Marks.
GtiBBio
69
...
...
cnaj
p
ORIENTAL. CHINA
...
...
Old Nankin ware.
,,
...
Sacred axe
Precious things. Instruments of writing
Kwei, or emblems of u
Mandarin
h p
p blue
15
Pottery and Porcelain CHINA.
...
...
h p
p blue
pot
p bluo
IB-
put
imp
18
maj
p
18
pot
anp
18
maj
p
15
Instrument used as a tuning fork
DELFT
...
...
...
In imitation of the
'
six
mark
'
OVAL. ANDENNES B. Lammens Sf Co. UZES
...
Francois Pichon
(?)
VENICE On modern ware
MONTET Laurjorois
PEtiARO
AND FAENZA
...
Marks.
PESAUO AND FAENZA
ninj
p
VAL sous MENDON
pot
imp
179-
pot
p blue
1C
hp
p gold
18
pot
p color
1770
pot
p color
17O-
j
Mittenhoff
,
I
!
COLOGNE
PALETIE. PARIS
...
Schloss),iacher
PICKAXE. LEEDS
X
...
PIPE.
ARNSTADT
'
VlNCENNEP
.
h
178~
Pottery and Porcelain
72. t
ROSE.
CAUGHLEY J.
Roge
DELFT
3)
S-
...
...
De Roos
...
b p
...
pot
p color
1799
p blue
17G4
hp
pblae
170-
hp
pblne
Co.
(the Rose),
.
Dirk van
dor Does
SCEPTRE. BERLIN
1
*
SHELL OR HELMET. CHINA
Marks
CHINA
...
hp
p blue
SHIELD. ANSPACH
...
...
h p
p blue
1718
NYMPHENBERG
...
...
h p
imp
1758
SAVONA
...
...
maj
p
1C-
Sometimes with initials
G.
Gian Anto. Guido-
A.G.,
(?)
fcono,
G. 8.
4*
B. C.
Girolamo Salomons
...
Pottery and Porcelain
SAVONA
maj
p
DELFT
pot
p
hp
p color
17C2
mnj
p
r lo-
...
VOLKSTADT
TURIN And Shield alone with Arms of Savoy
1C
rec*
1.7
t
...
Cross.
VIENNA
p
imp or p olue
1774
pot
p blue
18
h p
p blue
li
SIIIP.
COBRIDGE
SQUARE MARKS. CHINA
...
For other Square Maries, Oriental,
used
also
see
by
WORCESTER and DRESDEN
Marks.
H
75
DRESDEN
h p
f blue
17
maj
p
15
s
p color
1735
Imitation Oriental
On
Bottger ware
...
UKBINO
",,
Orazio Fontana
In Greek Characters
STAR. DOCCIA
NOVE
.
p
hp
p
pot
p red
gold or
1750
Pottery and Porcelain SUN. ST.
CLOUD
...
...
pet .*
p blue
1702
sp
SAVONA
SWORD.
X
X
OAUGHLEY
...
...
h p
p
blue
1750
DRESDEN
...
...
h p
p blue
1726
1730
Marks.
77
DRESDEN
X x
.,
h p
Marcolini Manager
p blue
1770
1796
...
on White Porcelain for !
Sale
...
17-
...
scratched
through
on imperfect pieces
...
Pottery and Porcelain
DRESDEN
h p
3
blue
1750
Bruhl Manager
17
ELBOGEN
XX-
h p
MONTREUIL
mp
1810
p blue
18
p gold
175-
Tinei
TOURNAY
s
p
or blue
(?)
CAUGHLEY
hp
pblue
177-
sp
p bine
17
Attributed to Worcester
WORCESTER
Marks.
WORCESTER
s
p
j)
blue
\7
TABLE. CHINA
...
imitated by
...
...
DERBY
...
h p
TOWETl.
TOURNAT
.,
...
s
p
p tl"e
175
Pottery and Porcelain
8o
I
A
VlNCENNES
8
p
s
p
p
color
17
TRIANGLE. Bow, CHELSEA & DERBY
BRISTOL
&
& & imp & inc
17-
hp
color
h p
imp
18-
p gold
1735
p gold
&bis
DOCOIA
s
p
& imp KORZEC
NYMPIIENBERO
Hulaudier*
p
p blue
1803
hp
{.blue
1753
pot
imp
1809
.
...
Marks. TRIDENT.
Bow
JA,e
triangle
p blue
170-
17
imp
CAUGHLKY
h p
p blue
CAPFAGIOLO
maj
,.
lo
Also attributed to Faenza
Gubbio
SWANSEA And one
h y
imp
18
trident
VASES. BRISTOL The Cross imp
h p
JAPAN
h
...
f.
pr blue
18
imp
18
color
82
Pottery and Porcelain
Gunno
inaj
p blue
15
WINDMILL. CLJGNA.NCOUKT Paries greatly
...
&hp
i
color
1775
83
Majolica.
MAJOLICA. THE manufacture
of Italian Pottery
as Majolica or RafFaelle
the patronage of the
ware
was
Urbino
family,
generally
many
foi
known
years under
and was principally
carried on at Urbino, Gubbio, Pesaro, Castel Dnrante, Faenza
and
Dim
c.i.
The ware
is
coarse
and
bar],
but
it
is
valued for the
decorations, which are from designs by RafFaelle, Michael Angelo, Guilio Romano, and other great masters; and some are thought to be painted with their own hands.
Marryat says
:
" It
was the usual custom
for the Artists
to write the title of the subject, in blue characters
back of the
dish,
but rarely to
affix their
on the
names and place
of
The examples given will, it is hoped, be sufficient the identification of such marks as may be met with in
abode." for
duplicate,
those that arc given in type are too large for
ensravinor in a small handbook.
Pottery and Porcelain.
MAJOLICA. ... ... ... BASSANO, Venetia Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi and
B
Terchj
CAFFAGIOLO, Tuscany
...
The
trident is used both with
above. The
This mark
is
name
(?)
for Gafagiolo
S. P. in e
given.
and without
also signed In Gafagolo
also attributed to
Gubbio
&
is
...
...
The ordinary mark is thus marie, it is monogram, sometimes the P is alone
,,
1540
Faenza and
1507
85
Majolica. CASTEL DURANTE, Urbino ... The earliest known date is Sebastiano
d'
...
founded 1361
...
12 Sep., 1503
Marforio signs and dates a piece
in
Francesco Durantino
FattoinBotega
,,
di Piccolpasso
>
1841
1533
The Chevalier Piccolpasso was
...
On Modern Ware
<
Saverio Grue.
,,
,
Or.
1550
in imitation of the old
!
CASTELLI, Naples So attributed by Pusscri
L. G. P.
director of a
factory about
"
1519
Luigi Grue Fro.
-
Also
14 1C
...
initials
and name
...
...
17
'>
Ani- Grue
Rocca di
...
1722
...
J-'2
Castelli, 1732.
Gentili P.
.
DIRUTA, Papal States Other varieties of
this signature are
found
17-
Pottery and Porcelain.
86
-inty J
DIRUTA, Papal States
*
1G-
HT Given by Darcel as a mark of this factory
P
AEN7A
On
one of the earliest pieces of Majolica known
(?)
Supposed to be Maestro Giorgio
Gubbio.
Many
FatainFaenza In Coxa Pirota
...
varieties of the letter
Cosa Piroto Facnza
...
F
The name of .,,
are found
1475
14
...
a factory of .,,
...
15-
Majolica. FAENZA And
Avithout the circle
...
,,.
15
Also attributed to Pesaro
Many
Yvioiuarcx
other varieties of this
ft
Also
,,
And B
initials
B. M.
ML
Avithout the
Baldasara
are found
,
]
(?)
mark
T
...
154-
Pottoy ana Porcelain. AENZA Attributed to Baldasara
15
ero.
In a square, and
F.R.
initials
FLORENCE, Tuscany Luca della Robbia and famous ware here
TAOEBA.T
A
late
mark on
(?)
FORLI
m
Also
.F
1542.
I
la,
Mo
Jero
da
,
...
..
...
M
14
his family mailc their
until about
fino
...
pottery
...
15GO
...
without
.,
17-
for Firenze
date,
...
and with
Lcucadius Solombrinus, 1555
Bo teg a d Forli.
...
...
This mark and another, LR FA, 1451, is attributed to Luca, but both are very doubtful
,,
Pate
only
signature
...
of
15-
Majolica.
GENOA The beacon
,,
...
is
Given by
...
well known,
it
...
varies very
.
15
...
14
much
Demmin
GUBBIO, Urbino
...
...
...
Giorgio Andreoli, afterwards known as Maestro Giorgio, first used the beautiful metallic luttre
.
which caused the Gubbio ware to be so valued Also ascribed to him
...
.*.
.
...
1519
.,.
1525
9o
Pottery and Porcelain. GUBBIO
B
Maestro Giorgio A, Merchants' mark...
...
1528
1532
,,
With merchants' mark
15
Attributed to 3faes/ro
,.
Vincentio or Cencio, son of
M-
Giorgio
...
w
Majolica.
GUBBIO AlsoN. G.
,,
O
17.
A.
15
,
(?)
Maestro Fercstino.
(?)
Salimbcne
Also signature in
(?)
Ilipollilo TtombarioUi
(?)
Rovigo
full
,.
...
16-
...
1C-
...
I. Jlf.
LODT, Lcmbarcly ... And with the initials only
Pottery and Porcelain
*L
MILAN. Lombardy
5to,
And name
r tf.B.
31.
1627.
M
te
L*
1639.
n.o
On modern
pottery
MONTELUPO, Tuscany
...
...
,
18-
...
...
,..,
1G-
Vaviously written
With
signature Raffaello Girolamc
Given by Jacque mart (?) Wolf's brush
...
...
/f
Crown
of
various
times B. C.
shapes,
p black
modern
NAPLES 15-2
17-
,
only
some-
93
Majolica.
EDV
N
H.F
NAPLES.
And Ferdinando del
Vecchio Napoli
imp in
full
So attributed
.
Giustiniani Brothers
...
...
Padva.
A. Padoa.
And
in outline
PADUA, Venetia
With
...
date, 1548
1563
...
17
17
imp
& p
C
17
color
p blue
17
15-
Pottery and Porcelain.
94_ In Fesaro.
PESARO With
FattoinPesaro
IP
Doubtful
Giovanni Vejaso
1535.
...
1512
,
10-
EAVENNA Between two
In Arimin
15-
.
(?)
Ravena.
li
,
dates, 1542 to 1765
flourishes
RIMINI Stiffly
,
15-
written
In Rimino 1535.
Fato in Ariminensis
*
1C35
...
16-
1635.
Fatto in
Roma
da Gio Pavlo Savino M.D.C.
In Roma.
EOME
...
Pencilled in oval
Pencilled and impressed
.
1COO
Majolica.
Alma Roma
95
EOME.
1623.
SAVONA, Genoa (?)
16-
...
Guidobono
Girolamo Salomons
16-
9 .,
61
With
initials G.
and G.
S.
A. G. (Gian Ant
(tSalomone)
&
B. C.
..
..
Guidobono)
Pottery and Porcelain.
SAVONA, Genoa
~.
16
10-
L L Fata
t
Siena.
Bar Terese Roma. F. G.
15
SIENA, Tuscany
With
signatures of
M
Benedetto
,,
Bartolomeo Terenzio Romaw-o
,,
Also in monogram Ferdinando Ma.no,
Campani
1727
1733
...
15
TREVISO, Lomardy Treviso.
N.
In
circle
So attributed
TURIN, Piedmont
And
...
Shield alone with Cross.
...
Arms
...
of Savoy
15
97
Majolica. FattainTorino TURIN, Piedmont
..
Fabrics Reale di Torino
1577
...
17
...
14
p colour
15
1737.
So attributed
UEBINO Xanto Avelli da Rovigo
.f.XA-K -Til / ^ / t/rAino.
X
in blue,
N in red
mark
H
lustre,
probably Viceniio's
98
Pottery
^V
^
and Porcelain.
15-
URBINO
A
Francesco Xanto Avelli
,,
15-
Orazio Fontana
Urlino Fecit
In Greek character!
A similar
mail;
ATico7o
UrUno.
dated 1519
JE d'
About
also signed Niculo di V.
99
Majolica. UBBINO Nicolo d' Urbino
Geronimo
Vrliino,
...
...
15
with dato
...
1583
...
1587
T. R. F. 1587.
Also with
initials
EF
B, dated
,
1594
F. G. C.
Alf. P. F. Vrbini, 1606.
,,
A.P RE
Alfonzo Patanazzi.
Also name in
Francesco Patanazzi.
Also
full
...
1006
in full
...
1608
...
1619
...
...
16
...
...
name
Vicenzio Patanazzi, aged 12 years
B. F. V. F.
VI
Genoa
,,
(?)
Luca Cambiasi,
,,
(?)
Battista Franco Urbini Fecit
of
Pottery and Porcelain
UB.BINO
,
16-
Also attributed to Faenza
VENICE
...
Venczia
ic also
written in
1545
full
Probably Gian Andrea and Pietro Berlolini, too confused to be made clearer
.,
A
well-known mark, with many variations
...
Doubtful
<.)n
modern waro
17
17
..
is
101
Factories.
FACTOEIES.
ALTENROLHAU
near Carlsbad,
Germany
...
...
pot
imp
1829
&hp
A. Nowotny, Director
AMSTEL,Oude nearAr sterdam, 3
Holland
AMSTEL, Nicwer
...
...
hp
p blue
1782
...
...
hp
p blue
15
...
h p
ji
AMSTERDAM, Holland
A. Daeuber, Director
...
,t
blue
1772
178-
Pottery and Porcelain
AMSTERDAM, Holland Hartog
$
pot
p color
1780
pot
imp
18
hp
p blue
1718
Brandeis
ANDENNES, France B. Lammens $
Co.
A. Der Vander Wcert
ANsrACH, Bavaria
And
...
other varieties of the
A^sometimes like crossed s words
The Eagles and Shields vary very much, and sometimes
on A
without the
letter
used
t,
n
n
Factories.
ANSPACH
103
p blue
1718
pot
p black
17CO
II
J5
"
Ii
p
And FRANKENTHAL J".
J..
Hawnong
APREY, France
...
/P
X
ARNSTADT, Germany
pot
color
17G-
p blue
1782
p gold
1753
p
<vAa
ARRAS, France
s
BADEN-BADEN, Germany
h p
Widow
Sperl
p
or color
io 4
Pottery
\
and Porcelain
hp
BADEN-BADEN, Germany Widwu Sperl
BAYRETJTII, Bavaria
n
p gold
1753
or color
...
pot
)k p black
15 15-
rot
D blue
15
kip
p
1744
BERLIN, PRUSSIA. G. Wegeley, in 1751, and purchased Pott, a chemist at by Frederick the Great, in 1763. this factory, claims the invention of transfer printing on
Established by
W.
porcelain.
BERLIN, Prussia. Wegeley
h p
p blue
1751
Factories.
105
BERLIN, Prussia Royal
Many
Factory.
forms of sceptre
...
h p
p blue
176-
1
Konigliche PorzelleR.
KPK
1830
Manufactur
r
This Ea,gle
is also
1850
used by
Schuman, of Hoabit, with namet
Frequently
painted
tn
green or gold over the sceptre
damaged
mark, pieces
on 18
Pottery and Porcelain
io6
B BlaR
BORDEAUX, France Lahens
4"
h p
p color
18
s
p blue
1773
Rateau
BOURG-LA-EEINE, France
.-.
4
p pot
op *
Le Chappelet
I:
,
t BOW. This factory ivas established about 1735, become celebrated until many years later.
Bow
e
p
"but
p blue
did not
173
Factories.
107
Bow
it
B
The form and position of the sword vary
The triangle has long been considered a Bow mark but
recent
it
p blue
&gold imp t
doubt-
inc
hard
Bow
now proved to have been used at CHELSEA and
DERBY
Triangle,
p Dine
imp
A. B. F. G.
& K.
are also
found, probably workmen's marks
To
Also
BRISTOL
'
p gold & color
to or Triangle, the latter is
ful, it is often say if it is a
173-
p red
researches
have rendered
p
Pottery and Porcelain
io8
ELERS
BRA i> WELL
*
BRISTOL Founded
ly
llicliard
pot
imp
1600
h p
p color
1772
Champion ,,
And
other imitations of
Oriental marks
...
,,
B B
The
hp
cross impressed
pr blno
IS
imp
&
biscuit
For Tebo, the modeller.
Many
other ivorlcmeris
marks are found
ino
17-
Factories.
BEUSSELS, Belgium
109
h p
p
color
1791
L. Crette
LC
P
.>
JB BURSLEM,
Staffordshire
And Ralph
Toft
pot
.1
J{.
S/iau-e.
WEDGWOOD.
in relief
1G70
im P
167 ~
,
173-
175-
Wedgwood.
Wedgwood
<
1768
Bentley.
Aaron Wood.
175-
Enoch Wood.
1783
Wood&
1790
Caldwell. Steel.
18
Pottery and Porcelain
10
BUEN RETIRO
(Madrid), Spain
Attributed
to
Royal
p color
176-
hp
p red
1793
pot
imp
18
s
p blue
1736
p red
1759
s
p
&
pot
Factory, Charles III., but probably LUDWIQS-
BUKQ ,,
,,
caen
The Capo di Monte mark is found on early pieces
And
M only
...
CAEN, France Also in capitals
CALDAS, Portugal
CALDAS
Mafra^ maker. Imitations of Palissy ware
PORTUCAI
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples
And
p
various other forms
of Fleur de lys
Ferdinand IV, patron
...
or blue
& imp.
ii
Factories.
i
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples This factory has successfully imitated old ma-
Os
s
jolica
p
Ferdinandus Rex
D. D.
&
Co.
CASTLEFOED POTTERY.
J79
p color
1780
CASEMKNE, France Lafl4cliere and Pzillaird
pot
imp
18
CASTLEFOED. near Leeds
pot
imp
1790
h p
p blue
D. Dunderdale
CAUGHLEY, Shropshire Established .
SALOPIAN.
p color
in
by Brown, taken in 1772 by
1750,
Thomas Turner
.
marked thus
is
often mistaken for
J)
Crescent
arid
attributed
Duesbury of DERBY.
to
p blue
1750
Pottery and Porcelain
112
s
X
CAUUHLEY, Shropshire
...
TURNER.
h p
p blue
1750
h p
imp
1772
p blue
17
p blue
J77-
&
pot
hp
And
,,
(?)
other numerals thus
treated,
to
oriental
marks
rescmUe
Turner, attributed
lo
WORCESTER
Rose
Sf
Co.
color
...
CHAM-TILLY, France Also u'ithname
s
p
p blue and imp
1799
Factories*
CHELSEA.
This factory, established in {he 17th century, acquired until about 1750, when the modelling and
little celebrity
beauty of the paste rendered
its
productions equal to
those of any foreign factory.
CHELSEA
'Si/*
A 4 Ti
The
p
best quality in gold
imp
174-
p gold
174-
or rod
Pottery and Porcelain
CHELSEA
...
And with name
...
s
p
p gold
1745
or red
in full
& imp CLIGNANCOURT, near Paris This varies very
r /v* /r
/
^*
M
f
|& ^->
"
...
of the Patron, Louis Stanislas Xavier, Comte de Provence
Monogram
Porcelaine de Monsieur
CoALrORT, or COALBROOK DALE, Shropshire
^wd
C. J>aZe
...
h&spp
color
IV "5
much
...
h p
st red
tt
f
h p
p blue
..
1780
1787
.,
18
Factories.
%>
COALBROOK COALFORT, or DALE, Shropshire
MX
...
...
hp
p blue
Caughley, Swansea, Nantgarw, united 1821
Voyez.
I RV/c.
COBRIDGE,
Staffordshire
COLOGNE, Germany
...
18
1861
pot
pot
imp
1773
p blue
18-
]
blut,
1589
16-
i6
o
Pottery and Porcelain
Factories.
CEIEL.
Cm EL,
Franco
pot
imp
J7S-
h P
p blue
17
Also with
monogram of Stone-Coquerel and Lc Gros of Paris
D
DAMH, Germany
...
DELFT, HOLLAND a very early date; said that fine ware was produced in 1480, nothing
Potteries were established here at it is
certain is Icnoivn lefore 1614, to Cla.es
when a patent
ivas granted
Janssen Wytman's,for making porcelain, probably
fine pottery.
DELFT, Holland
The A * PHA De J. T.
ITD 7
Griekse. A.
Mark
registered
Dextra or Dilcstraat
pot
p blue
17G1
n8
Pottery and Porcelain
DEX
DELFT, Holland
Zoon Dexlra
,,
On
7
tyare
pot
...
p blue
17C5
...
ttrMTi
1764
same pat-
terns as that with first
mark
The works were carried on
Haider Ja r obus by Adriens Zoon in 1765...
(?) I.
H. D. ,,
Jacobus Haider
Cornells
van Os had
,,
p bluo
the
works in 1767
,,
ThoA.XE.
DeByl
Justus Brouwer
rcg 17G4
Factories.
DELFT, Holland
pot
...
p blue
1764
Justus Brouwer.
This
is also attribuied to
A.Kielle, of the Wliite Star.
De Klaauw
The CLAW.
reg 17G4
Lambertus Sanderus.
,,
This
mark
is
so
varied
that it is usually
known." called
The
"
un-
It has leen Griffin
!
'80
The DOUBLE PITCHER. DC Dubbelde Schenkkan Thomas Spaandonclc...
17G4
I
20
Pottery and Porcelain DELFT, Holland
tjTUTLl.\
,,
.,
,T.
Int.
FORTUNE. Pieter
(A.
TFccluice
T' Fortuyn...
i'.
reg
1'J'J!
H. F. Fortuyn.
D. A.
/H
vergulde Boot Johannes der Appel
tier
,,
De
p blue
d. Uriel
The GOLDEN BOAT. I.
pot
van der Briel
TLc GOLDEN FLOWERPOT De vergulde blompot ... P. Verberg
1704
Factories.
j
HVMD
MP
DELFT, Holland The HART.
,,
T'
Hart
12.1
...
pot
p blue
rcg 17G4
Hendrik van Middeldijk
The METAL POT De Metaale Pot Lartibertus
Clejjfius
1639
...
1704
Pietcr Paree
The old MOOB'S HEAD ... In V oude Moriaans Hojft Geertruy Verstelle
Tbe young MOOR'S HEAD E. B. S.
Tjongue Moriaans Hofft
Widow v. d.
of Picler
Jan
Hagen
Probably a mark of one or other of these factories
The PEACOCK. De Paaaw Jacobus de Milde
p
color
pblae
..
1G51
>,
17C1
Pottery and Porcelain.
122
DELFT, Holland Jacobus de Milde
7='
pot
[i
blue
17C1
twn (?)
The PORCELAIN BOTTLE De Porceleyne Fles Pieter van Doorne ...
,,
.,
,
PVM
Cornells Boumeester
t
The PORCELAIN PLATTER De Porceleyne Sclwotel Johannes van Duyn ... Tlte
EOMAN
De Romeyn Petrus van Merum
reg 17G4
Factories.
123
DELFT, Holland JanvanderKlootJanzcon ,, /oo7;
pot
p blue
1764
thejactory
The EOSB ... De Roos Dirfe van der Does
ieg!7G4
The THREE BELLS De drie klokken W. van der Does This varies so that
it
is
" unknown "
Doubtful
much often
Pottery and Porcelain
I2 4
DELFT, Holland The THREE PORCELAIN ,, BOTTLES De drle Par-
rel7(M
cel eyrie fleschjes
FB
,,
Hufjo Brouwer
pot
...
p blue
,,
The THREE PORCELAIN BARRELS De drie Por-
Hooren.
celeyn aslonnen
Hendrick van Hoorn
The
Two
SHIPS
...
,,
...
De twee Sheepjes
7?
WVB
,,
Ant. Pennis
,,
The Two WILD MEN ... DC twee wildemans Widow of Willem van
...
...
WATER
CA:T
De Lampetkan
...
W (dow of Gerardus Brouwer P Kan
,,
,
; ..
,.
Beek
The
L
,,
-.
Factories.
125
DELFT, Holland The WHITE STAB
De
reg 17G4
ivitie stcr
AK-
pot
p brie
/t/C
As
J
fi^t^r
(?)FancZrJ,osc/
,.
Beryliem
variations
J774
Pottery and Porcelain DELFT, Holland ,,
LVj
Isaalc
Lrouwer
(?)
Van
(?)
Van Dammelar
1750
plMue
der Does
1580
Suter van der Even
V so attributed
-eg 1G75
Ifartmus
^Infoni Ter
Hwnpelin
color
1650
Factories.
\
DELFT, Holland Q.
IfK
12
Kleynoven
Jan Kuylicli
the
p blue
re^f
1680
younger
UK J-ff
r Bf
Johannes Mesch
Cornells Keyser
Jacobus Pynalcer and Adrien Pynaker
*i
-
.
Pottery and Porcelain
128
DELFT, Holland Keyset*
,,
Jan Steen
,,
Samuel Piet Roerdcr
"
4*
p blue
Pynal:er
,,
1650
Willem van der Velde
I
..,
(?)
*r
iseer
Philip
...
Wouvermans
color
1660
1680
Abraham Verboom
Piet
xG80
..
1769
..
15-
Factories-
AVIf T>7M.
129
DELFT, Holland
UNKNOWN MARKS
p co1 or
2l> 1173 pblufe
6-JVC
p rea
G")& '779
71
(?)
HX2-
In 7
p bl**
1773
Pottery and Porcelain
xw
DELFT, Holland
UNKNOWN MARKS
.,
(?)
p blue
Jan Kuylich
KVK
f
MVC
blue
1731
p oolor
4
p bine
On ware painted style
in the
of Majolica.
An
imitation of a Savona
mark-
p red
17
Factories..
4#
Pottery and Porcelain
PEHBY.
Founded in 1751, ly W. Duesbury, who, in 1770, purchased the Chelsea Works, and, in 1781, removed the moulds and models to Derby; also Bow, 1770.
DERBY
...
..
s
p
p red
1756
...
...
s
p
p gold
1770
Duesbury.
DERBY CHELSEA
or red
Later in
lilac,
CROWN DERBY Also
then in red
...
...
type
p red
1780
D K
Duesbury and Kean
Also with
177-
or violet
without the dots
with monogram
-
h p
p gold
...
,,
.,
1798
in old English
^
1780
Factories.
133
DEJIBY ,,
In imitation of the Sevres
h p
mari
, ,
A
,,
a
workman* t
M
& imp
in oval
Stevenson
Joshua Heath.
p blue
mark
And
1798
violet
In imitation of the Chinese
Probably
p red or
$ Hancock
Cockpit Hall
DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy
...
h p
pr color
lip
p color
186-
pot
imp
1760
9
p color
1735
p
Various star marks
imp & p gold
[
183g
Pottery and Porcelain
'34 GINORI.
DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy... The founder's name
n
I>
1735
imp
The Capo di Monti mould* were transferred here about
1821
DRESDEN, SAXONY. The first European Porcelain manufactory, established by Augustus II. in 1709, under the management of fiottjer.
<3>
C/PO
DRESDEN, Saxony ,,
Augustus Rex, founder
The Caduceus
(sale
...
mark)
hp
p blue
1709
1712 to 1720
Bottger ware
And
other square
about 1718
marks
in imitation oj oriental
factories.
,
'35 hp
{Saxony...
p blue
1720
Herold, manager
1720
1730
,,
'Brulil,
manager
17Alcissen
faclur. the
porzeilen
manu*
A'so without
words.
Pottery and Porcelain DEES DEN,
p
Saxony...
p blio
17
Early mark
Sachsiche porzellen mami-
1750
factur
17-
Konigliche porzellen manu-
factur
x
1770
,,
Harcolini, manager
On
X
XX
...
white porcelain (per-
fect),
for sale.
I79G
9,
l>
blue
scratched
through
,,
On
imperfect pieces
Factories,
DRESDEN,
Un
137 p blao
b p
Saxony...
17
scratched
'imperfect pieces
through
,,
On faulty
A
table goods
modern imitation early
...
h p
imp
Wedgwood
Wedgwood$Co FERRYBRIDGE, near
18
& imp
ELBOGEN, Bohemia
see
p blue
of
mark
TJurslcm
,,
&
pot
1810
Pottery and Porcelain
FLORENCE,
Italy
..,
This varies very
,,
*
p color
p
1580
much
The arms of the Medici family. Rare marie.
... FEANKENTHAL, Bavaria The arms of. Hannong
15
hp
p bltto
&
fc
1754
of Strasbourg, removed here, 1753.
... Paul Hannong Also J. A. H. in monogram t
Carl Theodore, patron
FULDA, Germanv
...
Furstlick Fuidaisch
...
pot
hp
in/
p blue
p blue
1761
17G3 to 17SO
Factories.
t
h p
p blue
17G3
h p
p blue
170
GERA
h p
p blue
1780
GOT u *
b p
p blue
175-
h p
p
FULDA, Germany On figure?..
...
FURSTENBEEG, Germany
,,
R.
139
,,
The
F varies very
much...
Rotheribcrg, the founder
GROSBREITENBACH
Sometimes a mere flourish
r-olor
1770
1
4o
Pottery ana Porcelain
HAGUE
(THE), Holland
J Stork Town
the
Arms
...
hp
p blue
177-
hp
imp
17
pot
imp
177-
oj ihe
HALDENSTEBEN, ALT, Germany
HANLEY E. Mayer.
Lakin
fy
Poole.
Shorthose.
1776
NEALE & J.
U79
Co.
MEIGH & SONS.
NEELD.
Also Heigh
.
In imitation of Wedgwood
173-
178
Factories.
J. Keeling.
Eastwood. Shorthose
141
HANLEY
pot
imp
179-
W. Baddeley 18
Sf
Heath. T.
SNEYD, HANLEY. Mason's Ironstone
Lane Delph, near
...
,,
pr color
1813
p blue
1800
China.
HERCULANEUM HEREND.
see
LIVEKPOOL.
HEREND, Hungary Also Shield $ Crown Shield
Austria,
fy
Crown
Hungary.
of
Maurice Fischer
HESSE CASSEL, Germany
hp of
%
1839
...
h p
p blue
1763
HESSE DARMSTADT, Germany
h p
p blue
1756
HILDERSHEIM, Germany
hp
p blue
1760
...
H)
and Porcelain
Pottery
HOCHST, near Mayence, Germany h p The arms of the Archbish'm of
pot
D n ^ 3T fitd
T
&
color
Maymce
Dahl
KiEETb \S
1720
p gold
p color
1791
color
178-
&hp KIEF. Russia
pot
KIEL, Denmark
pot
...
Bu.chwald, Director Abr. Leihamer fecit
Also K. T.
G
p
177-
p gold or color
...
... KORZEC, Poland ... The mark varies very much, ,, and is sometimes usea
h p
p blue
pot
p color
1803
with the name
KREUZEN, Germany Caspar Vest
Hans
Christoplie Vest
1610 to 1GOO
Factories.
LANE END
J. Lockett.
or
LONGTON,
1
pot
43
17
imp
Staffordshire
TURNER.
1762
B. Plant.
177-
T. Harley,
pot
Lane Lnd.
& imp
1809
hp
Maf 4
1
Newld
Mayer
Sf
imp &
Ncwbold
18
pr color Bailey
$
Batlcin.
LEEDS POTTERY.
LEEDS TT'irTia '
pot
imp
pot
imp
-
18
177(?
p color
Also with name, Hartley, Green $ Co.
UlU
LILLE, France
pot
Dorez
D
is also
imp
found on
p oobr
1711
j,
174-
soft paste.
17
1
44
Pottery and Porcelain LILLE, France F. Boussemart.
pot
p color
1778
Petit
Patron, The Dauphin Leperre Duroo.
I
1729
LIMBACH, Saxe meiningen
...
h p
stcn
&
1784
p red
...
hp
p red
17G1
p gold
p coicr
LIMOGES, France
...
h p
p red
1773
Factories.
J.p
H5
Pottery and Porcelain
146 Davenport.
LONGPORT
LONGPORT.
J.
A "
pot
blurred impression of is read Liver-
^ war& in
1793
pr red
Davenport
pool
imp
mistake
imp
for
Davenport..
]
r
blue
1S05
17GO
Phillips.
LOOSDRECHT, near Amsterdam,
bp
p bine
1772
Holland
Manufactur drecht.
oude
Loos-
Moll, director
... ... LOWESTOFT No mark used by factory
I/UDWIGSBURG, Wiirtemberg yi.rf
X
Tnitial of
Duke
Charles,
sometimes used without the crown
s*hp
h p
,,
p blue
175-
1758
Factories I
!
h p
LUDWIGSBURG, Wiirtembcrg This form to
An
p blue
Madrid
antler
from
ihe
arms
,.
or red
of Wilrtemberg
Also
W. R.
p blue
...
TR
B.1
1758
is also attributed
1C06 to 1818
.
E
LUXEMBOURG, Belgium
p
pot
color.
180G
&lip
Boch, Director
MADRID -see BUEN EETIRO.
MALTA
...
MARANS, France
...
...
pot
imp
18
pot
p color
1740
colo*
1750
Jean Pierre Roussencq
MARIEBERG, Sweden u/
vi/
...
p
pot
&
s
p
Pottery and Porcelain
148
MARIEBEEG, Sweden Ehrenreich.
.
p color
pot
&
s
17*
p
c.
V c c >
MARSEILLES, France Also with C.
B
pot
p color
1777
S.
Savy
pr
Veuve Pernn
p black
17CO
color
1769
lionnefoy
.,
hp &pot
p
.,
p black
1777
Factories.
MEISSEN, near Dresden, Saxony
149 pet
imp
17
p color
1735
Boltger
DV
MENECY VILLEROT,
France...
op
&
Dulce of Villeroy
inc
p blue
18
MIDDLESBOROUGH, Yorkshire 20, the pattern mark
pot
MONTET, Franco
pot
imp
18
pot
imp
18
h p
p blue
18
hp
p color
17
Laurjorois,
...
imp
manager
MONTPELLIER, France Le Vouland
MONTREUIL, sous
bois,
Franco
Tinet
TAPKHEPt
Moscow, Russia A. Gardner
...
5
o
nonoBbi
Pottery and Porcelain Moscow, Russia -4.
...
li
7*
)
,,
F. G.
Fabrica Gospodina of our
(The factory
I^AHHA
e
p
color
1830
h p
&
pot
91
18
imp color
Lady) Galena
MOUSTIEKS, Franco
1686
p color
172-
pot
p color
173-
,,
stcn in
Olery
,,
Feraud
Guichard Also the
NANTGARW.
p
Popo/.
NANTQARW,
G
dots
only
AVales
h p
imp
&
color
1813
Factories.
NAPLES.
See
CAPO DI MONTI.
NEVERS, France
...
color
15
3)
It
1602
1636
pot
p
,,
Jacques Bourdv
,,
Denis Lefebvre
II
>t
,,
Henri Borne
>5
S>
Jacques Scigne
,,
,
Francois Rodrigue
1730
Tile mstori
1850
...
I
Pottery and Porcelain
C2
NEWCASTLE.
NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE NIEDEBVILLER,. near bourg France
...
pot
imp
18
Stras-
hp
p blue
1760
&
1
,
Baron
de
Beyerle",
pot
the
founder
X
General de Custine
,,
And
1786
...
other varieties oj the
,,
coronet
,,
Lanfray, director
fiten
...
1802
xmp
PBC Nove
NOVE
*
... NIMES, France PLantier Boncourant #
NOVE,
Italy
...
183-
pot
Co.
h p
p gold
1750
Factories.
NOVE.
h p
Italy
p gold
175
or color
NUREMBURG, Germany
Ham
,,
Kraut
...
...
pot
...
imp
155(
p blue
1578
1667
George Liebolt
b p
NYMPHENBERG, Bavaria
imp
1753
The arms of Bavaria
,,
NYON, Switzerland
...
Pierre Mulhausen, painter
p blue
,,
,,
1790
>}
18-
'54
VA
Pottery and Porcelain
Factories.
I
PARIS, France
...
'55 ...
h p
p color
1773
Gros
^yV_
,,
H
P. A.
A
Advenir Lamarre
1773
Hannong
Porcelaine de la Reine
Lelxeuf.
...
Marie Antoinette,
f
:
red
1778
n
patroness
Housel took the factory
1799
...
Guerhard
p rod
1780
&t red
1783
Due d'Angouleme, patron
Manuf"- de
MM"-
,,
Also the names in full
Guerliard et liihl
a
Paris-.
together
Nast
and
separate.
h p
Pottery and Porcelain PARIS, France Dagoty
Dagoty. Feuillet
Feuillet
...
&
J. Petit
...
Clianou
...
...
...
Schlossmacher
PERKENHAMMER,
F&R
h p
M
near Carlsbad,
hp
ji ret.
179-
blue
1790
red
1784
v gold
187-
{.
j>
color
1802
Austria Fischer
PlNXTON
P
hp
*
80
& Reichembach ...
...
attributed,
factory
but
1794
Sp
the
had no acknow-
ledged marks.
I
Pi/! MOUTH
The sign of Jupiter
h p
p blue
176-
Factories.
PLYMOUTH
...
157 ...
h p
p blue
176-
Probably Jupiter carelessly pencilled
...
...
h p
p blue
Doubtful
1770
17
POPPLESDORF, Germany
pot
QUIMPER.
imp
176-
imp
1809
Hubaudiere.
EA'IWNSTEIN, Germany
REUENSBERU or RATISBON Germany
...
hp
p blue
1760
...
hp
p bluo
17
Pottery and Porcelain
k
REGENSBERG, Germany
cr RATISBON,
EOCKINGHAM
f
See
ROUEN, France
bp
p
pot
p color
hp
jicoior
bit
.
17-
SWINTON
...
I ?A
,,
A
great
many
given as
initials are
by
Rouen marks
pr
fD EUDOLSTADT, Germany
X
Hay fork, Arms of
part
...
of the
ftchwa'ftzberg
1758
Factories, I
I
UUDOLSTADT, Germany
...
h p
p color
1758
SAINTES, FRANCE. Bernard PaU?sy unceasing
efforts
settled here
about 1538 and after
succeeded in producing the well-Known
pottery called by his
name
SAINTES, France
pot
inc
...
puC,
p
1750
...
s
imp
1702
...
pot
p bluo
1700
So attributed
ST.
AMAND, France Fauquez, director.
ST.
CLOUD,
J. B.
,,
When
b''ranc*>
Chicanneau
patronised by the king
p
,,
&sp
1702 to 1715
6o
Pottery
ST.
and Porcelain
CLOUD, France
pot
<fc
J715
p
sp
1730
Trou, director
ST.
PETERSBURG,
iiussis
h p
p bluo
Cc
6 8
174 1
17G-
17C2
Catherine 11
ft
Made
for the Palace bv
Paul
Korniloffe
rtrt
^n
p
color
1736
Factories.
ST.
hp
PETERSBURG, Russia Alexander
161
p color
1801
I.
-4 Nicholas!.
...
BPATKEBT* Brothers Korneloffski
1827
Alexander
1855
KopHMAOBblXTi
,,
ST.
sx
SAMSON, France
SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE, Franco ^ZsoSP.
Due
^L^
II,
de Penthievre.
pot
imp
s
inc
p
1750 to 1760
Lord
High Admiral, patron
pot
sp
Sceaux.
183-
p bluo
1751
1753
J.792
162
Pottery
and Porcelain
SCHAFFHAUSEN, Germany
pot
p coior
1560
Tobias Slimmer.
SCHLAKENWALD,
hp
Austria
1800
SEVEES, FBANCE. This Factory was removed from Vincennes in 1756. and, under the patronage of Madame de Pompadour
became the most celebrated in Europe. vases, etc., are
and
The
soft past*
now invaluable, owing to their form,
colour,
artistic decoration.
SEVRES, France. ,,
Royal period. Sometimes with crown. The letter
s
p
p blue
1753
indicates the year. See
TabU.
Hard paste first made
J7C8
h
Republic
And name
only
National Manufactory Marlz 1804.
Sevres
colov
1792
...
h p
st red
1803
See Table.
Imperial Manufactory tfe
&sp
...
...
1806
Factories.
SEVRES, France
163
h p
...
Imperial Manufactory.
p red
1810
stcn
& imp Louis
XVIIL
Dated with
p blue ttie
1814
year of
the century.
Charles X.
1824
...
25"
,,
On plain ware
,,
On
1829
decorated ware
JO
Sevres
From Louis Philippe. August to Decemler.
1830
30 1830, to November, 1831
p color
Pottery and Porcelain
164
I
SEVRES, France
h p
...
p blue
1334
imp or
1833
Louis Philippe
With the ahom
pr color
pr green
p red
Republic to 1851 On decorated ware.
Napoleon
III. ,
Emperor
The
1848
hp
raarat-
h
facture of soft paste was
s
pr color
&
1852
1854
p
revived 1854.
The scratch marks the piece as undecorated.
m
pr green
1861
Factories.
SEVBES.-TABLE OF DATES.
66
AA
Pottery and Porcelain
Factories.
|
/*'*
SEVRES.
Initials
Chapui?, aine
...
and Monograms
.67 of Decorators, $c.
Flowers, Birds, etc.
i68
Pottery
^^ *~F*
SEVRES. Fontaine
and Porcelain
Initials ...
and Monograms Flowers.
of Decorators,
<$c.
Factories.
XA
169
Pottery and Porcelain
/#
Factories.
p ?
1
171
Pottery and Porcelain
172
SEVRES.
Initials
and Monograms
of Decorators, $c.
Schadre
...
...
Birds and Landscapes.
Sinsson
...
...
Flowers.
...
Landscapes,
Swebach
etc.
Bineb
...
...
Flowers.
Vande
...
...
Gilding and Flowers.
Mde. Gerard Hilken
...
Vavasseur
.
Flowers and Borders.
.
...
Pastoral Subjects.
.
Arabesques
.
.
Grison
...
...
Gilding.
Micaud
...
..
Flowers, Vases
...
Landscapes and Flowers
...
Detached Flowers.
Bouillat
Joyau
...
UNKNOWN. Figure subjects, finely painted. Do.
On
fine
do.
ware, with other marks.
Factories.
SEVRES. Buteux, pere
?
...
Maries of Decorators,
Flowers and trophies.
'73
Pottery and Porcelain
'74
#
Factories.
5 6 9-
Pottery and Porcelain SEVRES. Noel
...
Choisy
...
. . .
Aubert
...
...
Martinet
.
.
Marks
of Decorators,
Flowers trophies
Flowers.
lest Painters, fyc., are
SHELTON New Hall Works and name Hackwood. 8.
,
I.
&
G.
n
pot
pr color
1820 1842
1685
,,
,,
Italics.
Miles
ASTBTJBT. E. & J. BADDELEY
.
,
.
The
M
i^c.
Flowers, medallions.
imp
17
1750
Baddeley
177-
Bell Works
RlDGWAY.
lo 1816
& W.
to 1854
J.
E.
Sincheny.
SINCENY, France
pot
p color
1733
Factories.
'77
SINCENT, France Joseph
,,
SPODE.
pot
Moulin
177-
1864
STOKE-UPON-TllENT
,,
p color
le Cerf.
pot h p
Minton
,,
On
h p
best
imp
1770
p red
p color
179-
p gold
185
or color
Porcelar
,,
Gopeland.
Copeland
Garrett, 1833.
$
pr blue
18
pr color
185-
p blue
17
Cope-
land, late Spode, 1847.
STBASBOUBG, Germany Hannong removed Frankenthal, 1754.
...
to
pot
&
h p
Pottery and Porcelain
.78
STRASBOURG, Germany
M.
...
.
pot
p blue
17
& hp ,,
Hannong.
J.
Paid
,,
Hannong. PHILLIPS &Co SUNDERLAND
pot
pr color
1780
Sunderland Pottery.
DIXON & Co.
MOORE &
1805
Co.
SOUTH WARE.
,,
Wear Pottery
1*>-
SWANSEA
n p
p color
178-
imp
18
sten rod
181-
pr red
17
SWANSEA.
X
SWANSEA
SWANSEA.
And
And with name, Dyllwyn 4-
<M
trident only
Co.
SWINTON, Eockingham The Eockingham
...
Crest.
First used about 1824.
Brameld, maker.
h p
Factories.
BF.AJHELD,
79 h p
SWINTON, Buckingham
pr red
1807
pot
p color
1820
sp
p blue
175-
&pot TOULOUSE, France Fouque, Arnoux
et Cie.
TOUKNAY, Franco
...
Tour aux oiseaux.
a potter's
Also
kiln.
V gold or blue
TOURS, France
h p
p blue
184-
pot
imp
1750
Victor Avisseau.
BOOTH.
TUNSTALL And name in
full
Enoch
Booth.
CHILD.
17(53
A. $E. Keeling.
1770
VV.
ADAT\IK.
1780
Pottery and Porcelain
i8o
TURIN,
...
Italy
...
h p
imp
1770
Vineuf, Dr. Gioanetti.
UZES, France
18-
pot
Francois Pichon.
VAL sous MEUDON, France. Mittenhof $ Mourot.
t*
179-
&
VABAQES
pot
p black
1730
or red
h p
VENICE, Italy
Ven?
CM
pr
p red
17
or blue
,,
Giovanni
Mar cone
s
p
p gold
17
or color
hp
VIENNA, Austria
...
...
The shape of the shield varies.
p rod
1765
p blue
1774
or
imp
181
Factories.
s
VINCENNES, France The Tower
9>
s
p
li
p
p ?olor
Hannong
178-
15-
fJSTS'\/l\f VILLENGEN, Nuremberg
n-/L.l/yVj
cSv
17
varies.
Hans Kraut. VOLKSTADT, Germany
hp
VOISONLIEU, France Jean Ziegler.
pot
WEDGWOOD. WEDGWOOD, Burslem and Etruria.
17G2
s-t
1839
& imp
pot
A
imp
hp
175-
1770
Wedgwood.
imp
17G8 to 1780
Pottery and Porcelain
132
WORCESTER This Factory was established, in 1751, by Dr. Wall and The invention of transfer printing on porcelain is
others.
attributed to Dr. Wall, but is also claimed for Sadler, of Liverpool,
and Dr.
Pott, of Berlin.
WORCESTER
s
p
p blue
1751
or gold
Dr. Wall
Imitation of Chinese marks
p blue or red
Many marks
are found in
this style, in imitation
of Oriental.
p
p blue or red
17-
Factories.
X
183
WORCESTER
p
Imitation Dresden marks
c
Flight
p blue
17
or red
ft
p
\)
blue
178.
and name on<v
tfipfit
Flight
,,
$ Barr
Barr ... Barr, Flight $ Ban Also FEB. and names
in full.
1793
h p
inc
1793
imp
1807
1
84
Pottery and Porcelain Factories.
WORCESTER ... And Chamberlains ,, .,
Grainger, Lee
,,
Richard
Co.
Holdship. Duorator's mafic.
RI
h
pr
t>
18
1781800
...
A
.
p color
175-
p blui
17
,)blue
1759
He
also ivorkedfor Derby.
WURZBUKG,
ibsolom Yam.
$
...
only.
Bavaria
YARMOUTH ^
.Z?,..
...
...
orator,
,,
pot
also wit''
name inj.^. ZURICH, Switzerland
hp
W.C.P.
Oriental.
1
8
ORIENTAL MARKS. CHINA. CHINESE
porcelain
Christian era
;
is
said to date from about a century before the
their pottery is of the greatest antiquity, and, like the
porcelain, is of every quality. is
there are
many
The
oldest example that can
now be
the marks could be relied on, pieces of the 10th century still to be found, but marks
of the
obtained
Ming
if
period, though,
are so easily imitated, and Chinese potters are so fond of reproducing
marks complete, that very little reliance can be placed upon them. The best periods of the manufacture of porcelain during the Ming dynasty, were old patterns with
Yun ^ 10
"
1403 to 1424
Seuen-tih
...
1426
1435
Ching-hwa
14C5
1487
Kea-tsing
1522
15G6
1573
1G19
Wan-leih
...
Egg Shell" ware was first made in the Yung-lo period. The euen-th was famous for all sorts of coloured ware.
1
Pottery and Porcelain.
86
The Ching-hwa produced the best ware and the finest This mark commands larger prices in Europe than any other. The dark rich blue of the Kea-tching and
decoration.
-f- H 7
the white granulated surface of the Wan-leili, are very " choice. Old blue China," or Nankin ware, is from the Im-
a town of potters named after King-'e, patronized the manufactory in 1004-1007. The
perial factories at King-te-chin
the Emperor,
who
first
ware bore the "six mark" dates until 1667, when they were forbidden by an edict from the governor of the province, lest any piece being broken, the Emperor's name might be profaned by being carelessly thrown on the dust heap. This blue ware was made by direction of the
Emperor, who ordered
it
to be of the colour of the sky after the winter
rains.
The marks on Chinese work are seldom either Factory or Painter's M. Stanislas Julien gives the mark of a potter of the Wan-leih period, named Hao-chi-lihieoii, who excelled in writing verses and in painting he appears to have taken religious vows and lived in retire, ^, -^ ment; his mark is Ou-in-tao-jin. Ou, the hermit. M. marks.
;
" six " sold by Pei-tcliing, iPf H?. Jacquemart mentions a mark," made by Kien-ki." Some of those given are no doubt In3\ makers' names as San-yuh, Mountain of Gems but the marks most commonly found are in four or six characters, and denote
AH5?
;
the date of the manufacture.
The "six mark" may be made out from the
much
table of dates without
trouble, except from badly formed characters, handwriting being
as varied in China as elsewhere.
Chinese writing
is
reading downwards.
arranged in columns commencing at tne right, If in a horizontal line it reads from right to left.
Oriental,
The
first
and second characters of the "
woo- TA EN-
MING
the dynasty, thus
E
C
/t
|
"ifc
six
mark " show
TA
(
' :
the third and fourth, the peri od
n en haou), name of the years; the fifth signifies and the sixth made thus, Ta-Ming, Hung!qpl year, 'e
/
:
J|| Great Ming (illustrious) dynasty, Hungwoo, years; made. 13G8 to 1398. Or arranged thus, Ta. Ming, Seuen-tth, neen, che. Made in the Seuen-tih period
woo, neen che. KEEN SEUEN-TA
of the
CHE-TiH-MING
Ming dynasty. 1426 to The next example is
Ta
Ts'hing, Yung-ching, neen, die, Great Ts'hing (pure)
dynasty Yung-ching period.
mark "
is
dynasty
it
dates
1435.
;
it
neen, che,
The
1723 to 1735.
more troublesome, as
does not
it
*'
give
four
the
necessitates a search through the whole list of is
read in the
made
same order, thus
:
King-till
in the King-tih period, about 1004 to
1007.
The square marks called the Imperial Seal, which have been in use from the beginning of the last century, are read in the same way; they are written in an archaic character that is only understood by antiquaries, and are usually very badly done.
In the
list
best examples that could be obtained,
given, from the
it will
be seen that
second, fifth and sixth, which should be alike in all, vary considerably; "four mark" seals are also given which show similar
the
first,
variations.
i88
Pottery and Porcelain
Dates are also written thus \
:
Wan-leih pah r>&n che.
Wan-leih eighth year, made 1580.
4 All these
* *E
Ween year
;
may be known and
che, to
as dates by the last characters, make, form or fashion.
used, Neen tsaou,
made
in the time of the Great
Ming
Sometimes another character
is
or make.
Ta Ming-she-heen, made
government. An example was found that probably read thus but it was too confused to be read with certainty :
;
the piece waa modern ware.
Ta Ming neen This
is
also to
che,
made
in the years of the Great Ming.
be found, but
Another mode of dating
is
is
probably a modern mark.
by the cycle of
but as only the year of the cycle
is
given
sixty years, it
does not
identify the period.
24th year
...
...
p blue
Oriental.
One example was written thus-
Woo The
shin necn chc, 5th year
column
first
is
p blue
called the ten celestial stems,
the second the twelve terrestrial branches.
and
The twelve
"branches" are the Chinese Zodiac: The Rat, Bull, Tiger, Eabbit, Dragon, Serpent, Horse, Sheep,
Cock,
Dog and
characters
Boar.
The ten " stems "
Monkey,
are double
they are allied to the five Chinese elements Water, Fire, Wood, Metal and Earth. This system is also used in Japan and Siam. The 76th cycle commenced :
;
in 1864.
if " If ft
53
OPT
57
190
Pottery The most
and Porcelain.
interesting of these dates Yew sin-choiv ne'^n che.
5 m
is
that used in
Made
in the Sin chow year again (recurring). The Emperor Kang-he came to the throne in the 38th year of the 68th cycle, and died in 1722. He therefore had reigned for a whole cycle on the recurrence of the 38th year in 1721, an
the year 1721,
event unexampled in Chinese history.
In a later example the date
is
given both by the year
of the Emperor, and the year of the cycle. T'hung-cJie sJuh
urh necn.
Kwci
yew, 12th year of The llth
10th year of cycle = 1874.
T'hung-che.
year also commences in 1874.
DATES. TA MING Dynasty
Seuen-te
ISA
*
Hung- woo
1368
Keen-wan
1399
Yung-lo
1403
..
Ching-t'hung
King-tae
...
* T'heen-shun
1426
1436
1150
1457
'
Ching-hwa ... 14G5 Hung-he * Some authorities reverse these two periods they both who was taken belong to the Emperor Yung Ching, held captive for seven yearf. prisoner by the Tartars, and
Oriental.
$&
191
Pottery and Porcelain.
T'huvg-che
m
IMIIII
Kang-he
...
...
1861
1662
$IDJ
Four Characters. Ching-hwa... 14;^ Probably a forgery
.
11
Keen-lung
Kea-king
i
1723
Yung-ching
...
...
Shun-che
...
1641
Zeen-Zttnflr
...
1736
1736
1796
j/
Taou-ku-ang
1822
Han-fung
1851
...
loP!
Taou-kwang
1822
1*5.1
Thung-che...
fl luuii!
Han-fung
...
1851
1861
Two CharactersName only. r/mnsr-c/tc...
186!
Oriental.
193
BAT. Fuh, used as a synonym
for happiness.
DRAGON, With
an Imperial emblem, with and with three, of the nobility.
five claws, is
four, of
the blood royal, Lungfung, a dragon and a phoenix (divine bird of felicitous omen), was a mark of the Scuen-to period, 1426 to H35.
FISH. The two fish, an emblem of domestic felicity, is a mark usually found on old blue or Nankin ware it is one of the earliest known, from 969 to 1106. Cups with ;
handles in the form
of-
a red fish are of the Scucn-tc
period.
FLOWER. Many
varieties of this
A
in colours.
a vase, &c.,
The Che
is
plant, a
of longevity.
mark
are found in blue
and
also
sesamuin flower painted under the foot of a mark of Tou-chcou, 969 to 1106.
kind of fungus, used as an emblem
Pottery ana Porcelain.
Emblem
of longevity.
(?)
Bat and peach.
(?)
The
lotus.
Hoa, a small flower p vnted
inside a cup, is a
Yung-lo period, 14-3 to 1424.
a vicious sense.
FLY, Or
Butterfly, ia found
mark
of the
It signifies pleasure in
on old " Nankin."
Oriental.
'95
GRASS. Tho " grass mark" is probably a water plant. About some such mark was used to denote ware of the
A.D. 960
best quality.
INSCRIPTIONS.
A great
variety are to be
met with on old porcelain, mark is found.
often in the place where the European
Some are compliments and good wishes; others are in praise of the articles inscribed many are quotations from ;
the poets and classical authors of not exemplified.
all ages.
These
last are
Small white cups thus marked were used by the Emperor Kea-tsing, 1522 to 15G6.
Tsew, wine.
Keen, rectitude. Mark of an early period, said to be on articles sent to disgraced Mandarins.
Show, long "
life.
May you
This live
is
a
for
common ever,"
Oriental compliment,
and
occurs
oftcner
than any other character. It has many variations sometimes a piece of pottery or porcelain is marked " the with a hundred or more j these are called ;
hundred sliow."
196
Pottery
and Porcelain.
Varieties of Show.
Longevity.
/*y _>_^%
ffl
\/
jj
flm
\7
03
I
OS) \Jy
\/
i
M \y
/)If\
\/ jii
CT3
AIA
/03\
if?
*
in
m
m
*
va/
/s\
/ffiil
m iiFr^
^ .fj (il
t \/
*
Oriental. Show,
In
is also
^/tow; this
m
drawn
form
197
in circular, oval
is
known
and elongated forms.
as the spider mark.
Happiness, divine protection,
Also written in
II ii
many
mm m
felicity.
different ways.
198
Pottery
and Porcelain.
Luh (
Prosperity, wealth, great possessions
m
A,
and
found together. Prosperous.
Kc'ih
Felicity, |
31
^
often indistinct,
I
Wan
/
Literature.
I
Hing
DP
(?)
Ke
good luck.
Jade, a gem, beautiful, precious, valuable, &c. , known as the F mark, being
On
and
articles
like that letter.
made
for use of
literarymen,therulingclass of Cliina. Exalted, highly esteemed.
A
vessel, vase, ability, capacity.
Paou
Precious, valuable.
Ting
Perfect.
Shun
Elegant.
Oriental.
199
Koo
Antique.
Shing
Holy.
Tsuen
Complete, perfect, a name.
King
Good, excellent, congratulations.
Ch'ha
Name. The
which are long
life,
riches, health, the love of virtue,
and
five blessings
:
a natural death.
Precious or valuable jade.
Yuh
Jade of great value pearl of great
chin
;
/ This I
Wan
yuh
is
price.
an example of the way marks
are usually written.
Kare jade.
2OO
Pottery Chin ivan
(
A A
and
Porcelain.
precious rarity. valuable curiosity.
Veritable jade. Chin
An
Yew wan
elegant rarity.
Great prosperity,felicity or good fortune. Western jade. The best jade comes to China from the West. A pivot, and the most
m
)
>
/% yuh
)
expression for the house of another. Palace of the centre of the universe mark used 1260-1367. polite
Choo foo
Keang Cang
Ginger preserved in syrup. Inexpressibly precious. Paoushing
A Tsaou,
fang
fruit (colled dates,
by
Europeans) in syrup Choiv Chow. Both marks of the Keatsing period, 1 522-66.
The
Tung gan
Name Red The
arrival of friends.
imp on old olive
cinnamon.
Tcwei
taphor for honours.
Yung ching
Name
is
Yew
lae
Tan
Jcwei
ware.
a meliterary
"1
I
f
p blue on old ware.
201
Oriental.
Trr
,
.
,
.
Wei foo china
Made
f \
I
of)
to multiply (or increase the stock L J v veined jasper.
"HALL" MARKS. There has been some uncertainty as to the exact meaning of the word tang, but Mr. Franks has ascerit means the name of the establishment at which the specimens so marked were made.
tained that
Jin ho kwan
Hall of brotherhood and peace.
Lull
Waving bamboo
e
tang
/
tang ) I
hall.
Hall for the honourable reception of those who have gone before. Hall of ancestors.
Kheytih
Made
at the Hall of rare jade.
Made
at the Hall of brilliant colours.
tang die
Tsae jun tang che
2O2
Pottery CVmw/
and Porcelain.
tih \
Made
at the Hall of virtuous research.
|"
tang die
}
Made
at
Hall of
the
* f
advantage. ll
\e
Ulade f
at
the Hall
Made
at the
abundant
t*
Tze
tze
tang die
\ J
01
the jewelled girdle.
Madc
ftt
Hall
off
jade.
(^
the Hall of the
at the
Hall
Ta
King
tang die
J
(
sni P ant^ veneration.
at the encourageinentof harmony Hall.
Full
Yue
Tang
Yan9 ho j \
tang die
\
Tlie
illustrious
Fo's (or
dience or prayer.
9
tang die
Made at the Hall of wor-
Made
Ming
sh
ofj
the great tree. }
tang die
violet embroidery.
Made
v-ei
1'***"*
Buddha)
hall of
au-
Oriental.
Beautiful vase (or excellent vessel) of the jade hall the Academy.
kca ke
Shin
203
till
Made
at the Hall of the cultiva-
tion of virtue.
tang che
Antique made at sJiin ^ the Shin lih \ J
Hall.
Tseushunmei
flfe
che
King tSen tang fang koo che
FfiU
Fuh kwci .^.
^
chang chun
& boo che
Made at the Hall of beautiful jade.
C Imitation of antiques (
^^
Hall,
named
made
at the
King
after a distinguished
Wealth, honours, and a long spring time, or lasting youth.
F*h ku ci '
Wealth, honours,
and long
life, j
Mng ming
cj
Teen kican
May heaven tsze fall
R
)
Men
&,
tang
)
f
yuh tang
till
confer happiness.
204
Pottery
wan
and
Porcelain.
Wonderful precious
A gem Ching yew
ya
tsc'ih
Pokoo
J/L*
chin
wan
Wan yuh paou ting
Wan
shang
Shan tow
Mei yuh ya
stone, resembling
a jewel.
jou
che
Nan
rare as jade.
The elegant
of the
collections
For the learned in antiquities, a valuable curiosity.
Elegant, perfect and precious ting, or metal vase used for burning joss stick or incense.
Scholarship lofty as the Hills and the Great Bear.' Compliment comparing the recipient to the mountain Tae Shan
and the north pole or
Made
star,
Pih tow.
for the connoisseur of beautiful
jade.
chuen
kin yuh
Holy
Friends.
The elegant jade of Nan
chuen.
Oriental.
>/l\ t/ffl
205
2O6
Pottery Yung
and
Porcelain.
cliing
Made yu
Leen
cliing
Yung
ching.
\ (?)
khe how
&J6
for the service of
}
die
Name.
)
Jo shin
Deep
This mark
is
like a treasury
ems
of
chintsangf
"
of frequent occurrence, but
is
usually
very indistinct.
Keih tscang
As JOU
C
Khe
fortunate as you can desire.
}
she
paou
\ \
tiny che chin
}
A gem among ,
stone
'
precious vessels of rare
Oriental.
1
ting die chin
Chung
J
?
/&
A gem among
iia
-he
I
precious vessels of rare
J acle '
yeumei^ For
w
207
thfl
possessor of a true and faitllful
near t this elegant
Showpc nan shan, Long
life
gem was made.
as south mountain.
Fou jou tung
hai, Happiness similar east sea.
Nan-shan
a mountain in Fong-lfiesang-foii. The inmay be read, May you live to be as old as
is
scription
the is
hills,
and your happiness be
as great as the sea
wide.
LEAF. The
mark
common on
pieces of every period probably a leaf of the artemisia, an emblem of good leaf
augury.
is
very
;
208
Pottery
I
and
Porcelain.
Oriental.
209
RABBIT, moon, found on old Nankin ware, an emblem of longevity.
or Hare, sacred to the
SACRED AXE, probably the symbol Fuh embroidered on the Emperor's sacrificial robes ; perhaps an equivalent for Full, Happiness.
so called,
it is
SHELL, a Buddhist emblem,
A shell
was lent by the Government
to the ambassadors to Loochoo, to ensure
prosperous voyage.
SQUARE. Faon.
Precious, valuable.
them
a
Pottery
and Porcelain.
Kwo, National or Governmental.
Te shan, name.
Shan
On
yiih or
Shan wang, name.
old ware, dragon pattern. I
Found on
old
Nankin ware
;
imitated by factories of
Europe.
Maker
or decorator's
Chinese.
Le Chih, name.
mark.
Called House marks by the
211
Oriental.
The Chung-kuh
Chung-kith she
Fou kwci
\
kea
'>
Ice
wong
or
Jce
j
family.
Beautiful vase for the wealthy and or wealth, honours, and a noble ;
vast intellect or rapacity.
Ling Chang
Made by Ling tsee
Chang-tsee.
tsaou
Chin chow Valuable (vase) to explain the future. she ts-uen
Jo shin
Deep
like a treasury of gems.
chin tsang
Made by Heae chuh choo jin
tsam
(or for) the lord of the
bamboos.
Heae
is
the
name
Heac
of the
place where Ling Lun, minister of the fabulous Emperor Hwang Ti, cut
bamboos to form musical instruments.
Tsun Chin
Name.
212
Pottery
and
Porcelain.
Examples of marks on Canton ware, possibly to represent the Imperial
12345
' '
Seal.
of recent date "
SYMBOLICAL ORNAMENTS.
Pa-paou.
The eight precious
6
things.
Pearl or "tide jewel." 2. Probably a coin as an emblem of riches 4. Variant of last 01 Probably one of the dual symbol (?) the female. male of dual symbol. 5. King, emblem of happiness or luck. 6. Pro 8. Leaf of artemisia, emblem ol bably books. 7. Rhinoceros horns. 1.
3.
good augury.
213
Oriental.
Pa
die siang.
The
eight lucky
emblems
of the Buddhists.
chank shell. 3. San, State umbrella. Chung, a bell. 2. Lo, a the lotus, this is always without fillets. Kae, a canopy. 5. Hwa, 7. Yu, two fishes uuited by fillets, may a vase with cover. 6. These 8. Chang, an emblem of longevity. signify domestic felicity. decoration. are found as marks, and are also used in 1.
14
,
emblems
all Wan-tsc, Ten thousand things, everything, The "swastika" or fylfot cross of Buddha.
creation.
;
fortune. King, an emblem of good
This
is
also intended to give forth a
it is
used as a tuning fork
;
it
sound when struck
;
has been mistaken for
a Masonic emblem. inscribed Full, happiGourd, an emblem of longevity, ness, in
"Grass"
character.
Joo-c, or sceptre of longevity,
and musical instruments.
Pottery
and
Porcelain.
bat, the peach is an emblem of longevity and the bat of happiness, here they symbolise the phrase Fuh slwiv shwany chucn, a two-fold perpetuation of
Peach and
happiness and longevity.
Pi, a pencil, ting, a cake of ink, joo-e, a sceptre of
longevity symbolizing the phrase, things be fixed as you desire.
Pi
ting joo
c.
May
Paou.
Pencil and roll of paper.
Precious things.
TABLE.
Many ware.
varieties of this
It
and other
mark
was imitated by
are found
on old Nankin
Delft, Dresden, Worcester,
factories of Europe. Mr. Franks is of opinion a four-legged vase with a high ear on each side. Probably a wedding cup.
that
it is
Oriental.
1
1
5
These figures occur so often on old ware, especially that sacrificial use, that a few words may be given
intended for
to explain their purport.
The unbroken
line Yang, represents the masculine or the divided line Yin, the feminine or imperThe group of four is called the Eze-seang or
perfection fection.
;
four similitudes
;
the eight are the Pa-qua or eight sym-
circle was added by Choiv, a member Sung dynasty, who analysed and explained them. The circle represents the original principle, the waved line dividing it makes the dual power or the active and
bols of Foh-he.
The
of the
passive principles of creation, this
when
it is
called the Tae-Tceih,
produced a male power, when at rest From these were generated four visible
in action,
a female power.
forms which represent in the innumerable combinations of the eight symbols, the changes and transmutations that take place in nature and in the affairs of the world.
2
1
6
Pottery
and
Porcelain.
JAPAN. THE manufacture of pottery is said to date from B.C. 660. A factory The first good glazed was established by Corean potters A.D. 200. pottery was made at Seto about 1230, by Toshiro, who had learnt the Porcelain is said to have been first made by Gorodaytt art in China. Shonsui, who also studied in China, and on his return in 1513 settled in Hizen.
The great centre of the Japanese manufacture is in the province of where twenty-five villages are congregated on a mountain which
Ilizcn,
affords a plentiful supply of material for their work. have, however, their peculiar wares, some of which are
Other
districts
undoubtedly of
great antiquity.
The marks used
in
Japan are usually the name of the factory sometimes all are given.
the maker or decorator
or of
;
DATES are
marked
period
is
same fashion as the Chinese, sometimas the year of the
in the
written
:
1580
-u
-ju.
Y
'_
As a rule it may be assumed that when an article Nipon it is a modern production. Chinese periods are work made after Chinese patterns.
is
1653
marked Dai
to be
found on
Oriental.
217
218
Pottery
Kwam-bun
lH IE
1*1 '13
w
and Porcelain.
Oriental.
219
Asahi, Uji, established 1644-47.
Asa-hi,
Morning
light,
colour of the ware
so
named ...
from
imp
...
Min-pci. Avvaji, established
about 1840 by Ka-sliiu Min-pci.
Nipon (Made by) Kashiu Sanpei in Ka-shiu
Awaji, Japan.
San-pci
AWATA. Awata, see Kioto.
Banko ra,
Kichibei, established by, 1652-60 at
near Tokio,
known
as
Yedo Banko, now
Koume-mu-
closed,
imp
Ise Banko.
^.
tB
Nipon Bartlo. Shiba-ta
\ Made by Shibata Banko,
tsukuru
J
Japan
...
imp
DanTco.
Articles
known
as
Banko ware
arc
Kmvana, Yokka-ichi, and neighbourhood.
now made
at
220
Pottery
and Porcelain.
Nipon
imp Yiu
sctsu
Shi-gen,
F* fe
name
m
t?o
\Noteasy
...
Difficult.
Nai yasui
J
Banko, The eminent of flowers
Go-so,
name
...
...
...
inc
...
imp
Bizen, supposed date, B.C. 97-30.
At Imbe-mura a llo-kci sci,
Fujina, i
kiln has been worked since 1390.
Made by commonly
Fujina, Matsuye. Un-yei, name.
Rokei, modern mark. called
Idsumo
ware.
221
Oriental. Hirato, Mikawaji, Hizen, established 1655-57.
The ware was made
for the use of a prince of the
Matsu-ura family, not for Ilirato,
sale.
Mikawaji,
Hirato Shi-aye tsukuru, Shiaye maker.
Mikawaji.
Mori Cliikara tsUkuru. Hirato.
tome yaJcu, The honourable close of burning.
The prince
closed the factory
may have been
A
Hizen.
this province,
Ilezen
the last
large
;
the article so marked
fired.
number of
kilns have been
Nisid Hczcn Arita yama, West Hezen.
Nan-di
in
Arita is an important town where noted kilns are situated. Kami, name.
Arita Ka-mi.
many
worked
but only those so marked are named here.
sci,
Made by Nandi.
222
Pottery
and
Porcelain.
Shin-po tsuknrn, Made by Shinpo.
Reki-san tsukuru,
f *
v^
%
Made by
Rekisan.
Hizen.
Sara yama.
Fuka-gawa (sci omitted), Made by gawa at Arita.
(
Yeizayemon} Fuka-
;n
Fukami (Suminosukt}. Fukami, Arita
;
Japan.
also
C_j_ ^~
Fuka with Hczen and
Eishu Arita. Ten-tai tsukuru,
Made by
Tentai.
Great
Oriental.
Z6-shun
**
Sam-po
223
tci.
sci,
Made by Sampo
at the
Zoshun
(inclosure of Spring) Hall.
JEW Z6-shun
^
tci.
Made by
Sai-chi tsukuru,
Arita ware
also
is
Saichi.
known
as Imari.
Nichi Hizen.
/MflE FuJca-gcvwa
Made by Fukagawa
sci,
Nichi Hizen.
Imado, Tokio.
On Okawaji
Origin
of
ware.
unknown
mp
Go'Saburo, name.
Kaga
or
Kutani ware, established about 17th century.
Kutani, The nine valleys
Kutani
...
...
..
p red
p gold
224
Pottery Kutani tsukuTU
and Porcelain.
t
M.atle at
Kutani
red
Kaga
Kaija
Kutani
Kaga Kutani
tsukuTU
, ,
..*
H
'&
,
.
.
p red
p black
Dai Nipon, Great Japan. Kutani
~F
...
sei,
Made
at
Mack
Kutani
Kutani Bokuzan, name
...
p blue
a/ Kutani,
in
centre
the
name To
decorator
Dai Nipon. To zan no
in, Seal of
a ...
ti/
Tozan
...
p red
Oriental.
To-zan
225 pred
Kiyo-zan,
name
Pon-zan
imp
,,
Diwo-zo
To-wo
Kutani
p red
sei,
Made
at Kutani.
Kaga, Na-Tcen. Kaga Long house
Dai Nipon Kutani, omitted. UcTii-umi kichi-zo,
name
p black
Pottery
Fw-zcwi,
,
and Porcelain.
name, Yuzan Hall, KutanL
happiness
Are often found on Kaga ware.
Roku, riches
/
life
Ju, long
A
erected potter entitled Nin-sei, 1644-51, kilns in various places ; amongst them were those still working at Awata, Kinkozan, and Kiomidzu. Kioto.
Nin-sei,
Mark
Awata Nipon
of
Nonomura Ninsei about 1650
imp
ware.
Kioto, Japan, Kioto.
Kin
ko zan tsukuru,
Kin
ko zan
.
Made by Sobei Kinkozan
. . .
p gold
imp
Oriental.
227
Ichi-gaya.
Tan-zan,
Mark
Tanzan
...
Iiva-kura-zan,
Ho
zan,
name
of Seikai Tanzan
Mark
of
I.
Kichibeye
imp
...
p black
...
imp
228
Pottery
and Porcelain.
Ken-zan t Mark of Ogata Shinsho, about 1730...
...
...
...
p brown
Kiomidzu ware. Sei lean ji,
Name
of village
whence came
the maker.
Ddhctchi,
m A
name
imp
(Takahashi D.)
...
...
inc
Kan-zan, name, K. Denshichi...
04 Sei-fu,
name
With "Great Japan," "maker,"
Ki-tei,
name,
...
...
Wake
Kitei.
etc.
p
Oriental.
229
Wakayama, an old-established kiln
Kishiu ware.
;
wares greatly improved in 1827.
Kai-raku
}
yen-sai
,,
,
,.. Made
f
at
,
the garden of
mingled enjoyment
}
...
imp
Shu-ka Do, Early flower Hall. Yeiraku ware, made at an old establishment by the Riyozen (the 10th generation) was the
Zengoro family. first
to
make
with the
porcelain.
title
Yeiraku, seals used as marks. ^
The Prince of Kii honoured him and presented him with the
The branch
factory of the river.
Seal
used by Yeiraku Riyozen about 1810.
Yci-raku, Perpetual enjoyment.
Dai Nipon. Yca-raJcu tsukivru.
Makuzu, near Kioto. Fu-ji yo,
Made
at the Fuji kiln of
Ma-kuzu tsukuru.
Makuzu.
and
Pottery
Makuzuyo
Porcelain.
...
p blue
...
...
Ko-zan tsukuru, Made by Kozan at the Makuzu
kiln.
Of great antiquity, believed that Giyeji, the inventor of the potter's wheel, was the first to work here. Minato ware, near Saki, Idsumi.
it is
Minato yaki, Minato ware
Mino ware. Worked made in 1810. Nipon Mi
i\
...
in 17th century.
imp
...
Porcelain
Made by
first
the pro .
vince of
Kaito
Raku
ware, used in the tea ceremonies.
Introduced
He settled at by a Corean named Ameya, 1658-69. Taiko Kioto, and worked with clay found at Juraku. Hideyoshi honoured the son of Ameya, Chojiro, with a seal engraved RaTcu, enjoyment, since which it is called Raku
yaki,
Sen-raku
and marked with a
"\
>
yen
sei
)
Made
seal so inscribed.
Seal at the Senraku garden. used by Chojiro Kichizayemon of the llth generation.
Oriental.
6hi
Raku, Ohi-machi, Kaga.
231 Founded 1680 by
Chozayemon.
OM,
seal
used by the fourth C.
Osaka Raku, made by Kikko, 187-. Kitzu-ko or Kikko.
Tokio Raku, made by Kozawa Benshi, who
is still
working. Ni-pon, To-kio\
MoRaku-ho Sado ware.
J
JaP an
Made
of a material found in the mines
;
and in Japan is valued both as a Small curiosity and as having some medicinal quality. portions are broken off, crushed in the mouth and the ware
is scarce,
swallowed for no special disorder, but simply as a good thing to take.
Sado kin gin zan wo moltci mu-mci di kore wo tzukuru. Made of an unnamed material found in the gold and silver mines of Sado.
Pottery
and
Porcelain.
Sho ju
May you
live 1000 years.
sen nen
Jo-zan, name.
All written on the soft clay with a point.
The Prince brought
Satsuma, established 1467-86.
when
potters from Corea about 1592,
ware was
first
made.
No mark
the well-known
found on old ware.
is
Satsu-ma.
Naka-jima
(sei),
Made by N.
...
...
Seto, Owari, of great antiquity
;
p gold 187-
date unknown.
Dai Ni-pon. Se-to sei,
Nipon,
Kawa
Made
Seto.
at Seto, Great Japan.
Japan, Seto.
moto, Masu-kichi tsuTcuru,
Made by M. Kawamoto.
2 33
Oriental.
Dai Hi-pon, Great Japan Han-mTci
Nipon,
sei,
...
...
p blue
Made by Hansuke Kawamoto.
Seto.
(?)
Sei-getsa,
name
of a celebrated painter of porcelain.
Ai-wo, name.
LU.
Sin-nan fude, name of decorator.
234
Pottery
and Porcelain.
U4 Yama-moto Sho-tan, Name of a celebrated painter of porcelain.
Seto-Suke, Yokkaichi, established 1764-80.
I
Se-to-sukt,
Name
of factory.
Shiba.
i* i
Resident of
SMba
in ToJcei.
Sei-un-tei, Factory.
Hikomaro, name
...
...
...
p black
Soma ware, Naga-mura. It is a popular belief in Japan that this is the oldest ware made there, and the possessors of specimens prize them highly. The running horse with which they are decorated probably dates from 1670. So ma, name
imp
Oriental.
riga,
name
235
imp
Kanc-shige
name Tokio.
Dai Ni-pon. Dio-to
sei,
Maker's name
..
p blue
..
p
Tokio.
Matsu-moto
Name yashi-nobo
red
)
Both marks on one
piece.
Dio-to, Maker.
Toyo-ura ware, Nagato, established 1716-35.
Toyo-ura yama,
Name
of factory
Tozan ware, Himeji. Hime-ji
sei,
Made
at Himeji.
...
imp
236
Pottery
and Porcelain. FLOWER.
Many old
varieties of this
and of recent
mark occur on
porcelain both
date.
LEAF.
And
other varieties are often found on porcelain.
INSCRIPTIONS Of a similar character
to the Chinese are found
on
all
kinds of ware.
Dzou, long So-wo,
life.
name
...
Kami sci, Kami, maker
...
RaTcu-masa tsukuru
...
name
imp
pblue
pred
maker.
,,
Huji-nori,
hp
...
,,
pblue
Oriental.
AP
237
238
Pottery
To giyoku yen Gosuki
and
Porcelain.
Made by Gosuki
at the jade
pottery house,
sei
The Chinese dates Seuen-tih and Ching-hica are often found on Hezen ware decorated with old Nankin patterns.
Made
n*.
h p p blue / *
rr
~*
WR
in the Gen-ki years 1570-73.
Kame yama The work
of
Kameyama.
Zo no
Fuku-sJiun ken
_
Made by Giyokusei Spring House.
GiyoTcu-sd
sei
at
Returning
Oriental.
239
Ki-to Teen
Made by Hokuhan Hoku-han
at
the Curious
Pottery House. sei
SQUARE. Called House Marks.
Haict,
name
)
of a factory
...
...
mountain middle, name
,,
Yeh-san or one mountain, name Itsi-yama
Ka,
j
felicity.
Goa, strong,
name
hp
..
p red
p blue
240
Pottery
and Porcelain.
All on blue decorated ware called Hezen ; marks such as these are found in great variety, they often differ in a set of cups and saucers that are evidently from the
same hand. Eoku, wealth. Aoi, blue.
This appears to be "happiness."
M
IIP
So-wo, name.
Fuku, happiness.
VASE. This curious mark
is
impressed and coloured
;
it
re-
and is inpresents a sacred vessel used in sacrificing scribed with the characters Fuku, happiness, and ju, longevity.
^3259
4
o
-
i
.
BINDING SECT. JUN NK 215 H6
j
5
Hooper, William Harcourt A manual of marks on pottery and porcelain
PLEASE
CARDS OR
DO NOT REMOVE
SLIPS
UNIVERSITY
FROM
THIS
OF TORONTO
LIBRARY