BIM Who Benefits? Integration between Engineers and Architects CIBSE Conference 2nd December 2010
What is BIM? • BIM (Building Information Modelling) − A process of generating and managing building data during its life cycle. It uses three-dimensional, real-time, dynamic building modelling software to increase productivity in building design, construction and maintenance period.
− “ A model-based technology linked with a database of project information” according to American Institute of Architects
What is BIM? • Multiple models into a “composite model” Structural Model
Architectural Model • Graphical information -3D objects visual in the model
Electrical Model
Mechanical Model Composite Model
Plumbing Model
BIM (linked with phasing, sequencing, construction schedule)
• Non-graphical information - Performance data
Energy Model Other Model Compliance Model
Cost Model
• Linked information - Schedule & cost information
BIM process- a collaborative process
Building Owner f
Contractor
Architecture
Civil Engineering
BIM f
Facilities Manager
Mechanical Engineer Integrated Design Process
Electrical Engineer
Construction Manager
Conventional design process Building design process
Master Planning
Concept Design
Schematic Design
Detailed Design
Completion
In use
Planning staff, clients community member Architect & clients Mainly architect , structural engineer & clients
Mechanical, electrical, & civil engineers
Contractors, construction manager, commissioning authority, cost estimator A linear design process
Performance analysis tool
Users
Conventional design process Project start
Concept Design
Schematic Design
Tender documentation
Effort
Detailed Design
Consultation & Engagement
Construction
Schematic Design
Detailed Design
Construction Documents
Time completion
Construction
Integrated design process Key elements of integrated design process Building design process
• Discussion of the various important performance issues and the establishment of a consensus on this matter between client and designers
Effort
• Inter-disciplinary collaboration between architects, engineers, cost consultants and facility managers from the beginning of the design process
Traditional
• Budget restrictions applied at the whole building level, with no strict separation of budgets for individual building systems. • Involvement of specialists (e.g. energy engineering, energy simulation, daylighting, comfort) • Data sharing • Clear articulation of performance targets and strategies, to be updated throughout the process by the design team • Documentation and transparency of design decisions
Schematic Detailed Design Design
Construction Documents
Time
Construction
Integrated design process Predictive/incentive modelling
Compliance modelling
Completion
A multi-disciplinary design team
design
process
A multidisciplinary design team
Building
Building
Concept design Conceptual modelling
•Landscape architect •Ecologist •Architect •Energy specialist •Structural engineering •Civil engineering •Mechanical engineer •Electrical engineer •Plumbing engineer •Other specialists(fire, acoustics, daylighting, controls, etc.) •Facility manager •Contractor •Construction manager •Cost estimator
Building design process Building design process
Master Planning
Concept Design
Schematic Design
Detailed Design
Completion
In use
Climate
Brief consequences
Baseline solution
Brief refinement
Certification
Locality
Building type
Baseline outcomes
Detail definitions
Energy in use
Site features
Climate & bldg type
Footprint
Systems
Re-certification
Nat resources
Building form
Scheme directions
HVAC
Controls
Urban form
Footprint headlines
Building solar
Air flows
Re-furbish & improve
Urban solar
Headline design directions
Building light
Building detail feature design
Urban light Visualise
Headline sustainability directions Visualise
Renewable directions Sustainability directions
Loads – steady state Energy – dynamic
Basic loads
Plant size
Compliance directions
Optimisation
Visualise
Energy compliance Sustainability compliance Certification CFD etc studies
Visualise
Integrated approach to project delivery Project location: Glasgow Master planning
What if climate change? 2050?
<Virtual Environment> model of the Scottish Parliament Building
Integrated approach to project delivery
Concept design
Sketch model
VE model
VE models with different glazing percentage <Virtual Environment> model of the Scottish Parliament Building
Integrated approach to project delivery
Schematic design
VE model with 20% glazing
Suncast
Radiance
Apache System
EPC
Thermal result
MacroFlo
Integrated approach to project delivery
Detailed design
Suncast
CFD Simulex
HVAC
EPC
Radiance
Cost Plan
Model Merge â&#x20AC;˘ Changes to Imported Geometry are Updated in <VE> Model Without Overwriting Input Data
Original Model Room Data
New Model Room Data
What software does IES work with? Graphisoft ArchiCAD gbXML • Autodesk
Revit Architecture 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
• Autodesk Revit MEP 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 • ArchiCAD via gbXML •Microstation, Allplan via gbMXL
Other gbXML
•Google Sketchup 6 & 7
• Google Sketchup Pro 6 & 7
The benefits…. …don‟t have to rebuild geometry to run analysis …the potential to change the dialog between architects and engineers
1.
Draw Geometry in Autodesk Revit
2.
From the Revit Toolbar: •
Set Building Location
•
Define Building Parameters: • Building Type • Construction Materials • Building System Types • Room Types
3.
Launch IES VE-Toolkits/VE-Pro
4.
Choose Analysis Type
<VE>
How it works:
gbXML
IES VE: Autodesk Revit Plug-in Updates
gbXML Hierarchy
Adjacencies
Adjacencies We spoke about the importance of „rooms‟. Within Revit, you can define a wall to be an exterior wall, but this will mean nothing when it comes to the gbXML translation. The only way a wall is recognized as an exterior vs an interior wall is by their adjacencies. So for an element to be defined as ground floor slab, it is a horizontal surface adjacent to a room (otherwise it is a shading device) that is not in contact with any room below. For a floor, it‟s a horizontal surface that is in contact with a room above and below. For a roof, it‟s a horizontal surface that is not in contact with any room above. Exterior walls are vertical surface that is not in contact with an adjacent room on one side
Adjacencies
Keep It Simple Keep your geometry as simple as possible! • Is this geometry absolutely necessary for the type of analysis I am running? • Can I eliminate anything from my model? (Purge unused, etc) • There are often thousands of shading surfaces in a Revit file. If you are doing a daylight analysis, are the 4 cm mullions going to affect the outcome? They will affect the runtime significantly.
Basic Modelling - Columns
Basic Modelling â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Problem Wall Conditions
Basic Modelling â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Problem Wall Conditions
Basic Modelling â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Shading Elements
Basic Modelling â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Openings
IES VE: gbXML “Healing Tools”
<Virtual Environment> Software Suite Integrated sustainable building design analysis tools Dr Sarah Graham (sarah.graham@iesve.com)
Integrated sustainable design approach â&#x20AC;˘
Design team interoperability throughout the entire design process
â&#x2C6;&#x2019; Each tier provides tailored access to specific types of analysis at each building design stage
Building design process
Master Planning
Concept Design
VE Ware VE Toolkits
VE Ware
VE Gaia
VEVE Pro Toolkits
Schematic Design
Detailed Design
Completion
In use
Integrated sustainable building design tool Design team interoperability throughout the entire design process Architects design for sustainability using same underlying calculations as Engineer Architects use early design stage tools; Engineers use detail design stage tools Impacts shared and understood by entire design team
Climate & change Bio-climate Urban analysis Site analysis Built form Building analysis Compliance LEED, BREEAM etc Operation
Bioclimate The Gaia Bioclimate
Tool takes it further ... Urban design Macro issues
Built form And further still ... Layout Construction Shading Ventilation Measures
Climate Change
VE-Gaia: Concise Reporting Automated reportage & guidance tool Get to data fast; macros speed retrieval of the most important results Interactive reporting allows â&#x20AC;&#x153;problem-issuesâ&#x20AC;? to be highlighted Guidance within the reportage avoids abortive work
how valuable is the available solar, wind and rain resource it is about initially getting a feel for the numbers involved how big an impact natural resources can realistically make
VE-Gaia: Concise Reporting Automated reportage & guidance tool Get to data fast; macros speed retrieval of the most important results Interactive reporting allows â&#x20AC;&#x153;problem-issuesâ&#x20AC;? to be highlighted Guidance within the reportage avoids abortive work
Skin or internal gain dominated? Appropriate for passive strategies? Number of spaces close to an open-able window? Key metrics â&#x20AC;&#x201C; glazed area, dominant glazed orientation
VE-Gaia: Concise Reporting Automated reportage & guidance tool Get to data fast; macros speed retrieval of the most important results Interactive reporting allows â&#x20AC;&#x153;problem-issuesâ&#x20AC;? to be highlighted Guidance within the reportage avoids abortive work
Water usage calculation % Impact of water usage reduction: black / grey / rain water low flush etc
VE-Gaia: Concise Reporting Automated reportage & guidance tool Get to data fast; macros speed retrieval of the most important results Interactive reporting allows â&#x20AC;&#x153;problem-issuesâ&#x20AC;? to be highlighted Guidance within the reportage avoids abortive work
early stage renewables feasibility which renewable works best rank appropriateness
VE-Pro capability Energy Modeling Passive design / natural ventilation / mixed mode Detailed HVAC control / LZCT / Energy Performance Certification
SunCast: Solar penetration
ApacheSim: Natural ventilation visualisation
Overheating analysis: CIBSE Guide A; HTM 03-01; BB 101 Energy/Carbon usage: simple COP / detailed HVAC Natural ventilation design & feasibility Renewables (LZCT) assessment
ApacheSim: Colour-coded results
VE-Pro example output
VE-Pro capability Energy Modeling Passive design / natural ventilation / mixed mode Detailed HVAC control / LZCT / Energy Performance Certification
VE-Ware / VE-Pro: EPC
ApacheHVAC: Detailed HVAC simulation
VE-Pro example output