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;g Meh vad gS

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ifjys[k ifjys[k& uoEcj] 2012

gkFkksa esa vaxkjksa dks fy;s lksp jgk Fkk] dksbZ eq>s vaxkjksa dh rklhj crk,A &nq';Ur dqekj fganh dk Hkfo"; vrho mTToy gS eSa rks fgUnh dks fo'oHkk"kk ds mPp LFkku ij ns[krk gw¡ % vkpk;Z lUnhi dqekj R;kxh

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

1

fgUnh izpkj&izlkj dk l'kDr ek/;e ;g Meh vad gS

Ikfjys[k Lkaj{kd xaqats'ojh izlkn egsUnz v”d HkksykukFk R;kxh lEiknd veu dqekj R;kxh milEiknd MkW- lq'khy dqekj R;kxh MkW- papy dqekj jf'e vHk; lykgdkj vkpk;Z lanhi dqekj R;kxh vjfoUn dqekj flag MkW- Jhifr dqekj ;kno vukeh”kj.k ccy fMtkbfuax HkwisUnz flag Vkbfiax dq”k o ekS- bejku izwQ eatq R;kxh bZ&if=dk ifjys[k dks rS;kj djus esa gekjk lg;ksx djsaA ys[k@dfork vkfn Hkstsa ifjys[k izdk'ku okfy;k ekdsZV] dksrokyh ekxZ] fudV lkgw tSu dkWyst] uthckckn&246763 ¼Hkkjr½

lEikndh;

fgUnh lkfgR; dh lsok djus ds fy;s oSc&if=dk ds :i esa vc ^^ifjys[k** dk uke tqM+k gh lef>;sA ifjys[k dh dYiuk ,d,d ugha gks x;h gSA blds fy;s dkQh le; ls iz;kl fd;s tk jgs FksA ijUrq lalk/kuksa dk furkUr vHkko iSjksa esa fdlh pDdh ds ikV lk ca/kk FkkA fdlh izdkj tw>rs gq, iz;kl vc lkdkj gksrk utj vk jgk gSA iw.kZ:i ls dke;kch rHkh dgh tk;sxh tc ;g if=dk fujUrj oSc&ikBdksa dks feyus yxsA ;g iz;kl Hkh vo'; gh iw.kZ gksxkA cgqr lkjh nqvk,a esjs lkFk gSaA izLrqr vad esa izdkf'kr lkexzh ds fy;s eSa leLr lEcaf/kr ys[kdksa vkSj vius lg;ksfx;ksa dk vkHkkjh gw¡A

eks-& 9897742814] 9837120022

veu dqekj R;kxh fdlh Hkh ys[k ls lEiknd dk lger gksukl vko';d ugha gSA if=dk esa izdkf'kr ys[ kksa dh ftEesnkjh ys[kd dh gSA fdlh Hkh fookn dh fLFkfr esa U;k;ky; {ks= uthckckn gksxkA

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ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

2

;g Meh vad

dfork

e-patrika

ifjys[k

vuqØef.kdk

ifjys[k& uoEcj] 2012

gkFkksa esa vaxkjksa dks fy;s lksp jgk Fkk] dksbZ eq>s vaxkjksa dh rklhj crk,A &nq";Ur fganh dk Hkfo"; vrho mTToy gS eSa rks fgUnh dks fo'oHkk"kk ds mPp LFkku ij ns[krk gw¡ % vkpk;Z lUnhi dqekj R;kxh

MkW- ohjsUnz iq"id HkksykukFk R;kxh MkW- Jhifr ;kno vpZuk jkt jf'e vHk; iquhrk ckok vuhrk BDdj MkW- lq'khy dqekj R;kxh veu dqekj R;kxh

'kks/k ys[k

% ek[kuyky prqosZnh%dfBu thou dk l`tu&èkeZ

&MkW- jtuh “kekZ

% lar dof;=h lqcpu nklh

&MkW-Jhifr dqekj ;kno

19

dgkuh

% vke vkneh % xqykcksa dk ckn”kkg

&ds-,l-rwQ+ku &veu dqekj R;kxh

9 10

Le`fr

% x+t+y dk uk;d nq";ar dqekj izLrqfr

&veu

12

lk{kRdkj

% fganh dk Hkfo"; vrho mTToy gS eSa rks fgUnh dks fo'oHkk"kk ds mPp LFkku ij ns[krk gw¡

ukjh foe'kZ % ukjh tkx`fr % orZeku ifjn`'; lekt % lekt esa lkaLd`frd lM+ku dk ftEesnkj dkSu\ iqLrd leh{kk % /kwi ml ikj dh leh{kd

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

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&MkW- lq/kk vkse <haxjk

22

&ds0,l0 rwQku &xqats'ojh izlkn & xqats'ojh izlkn

24 28 29

3

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ek[kuyky prqosZnh%dfBu thou dk l`tu&èkeZ MkW- jtuh “kekZ uthckckn

^,d Hkkjrh; vkRek* ek[kuyky prqosZnh dk tUe lu~ 1889 esa gqvk FkkA ckcbZ esa tUes ek[kuyky th dk tUe dk uke eksguyky FkkA muds firk Jh uUnyky th O;olk; ls v/;kid vkS j LoHkko ls vk/kqfud laLdkjksa rFkk lsokHkkoh pfj= ds Lokeh FksA ek[kuyky prqosZnh dks oS’.ko&laLdkj vius firk ls gh izkIr gq, FksA ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds thou ij mudh ekrk th dk cgqr izHkko iM+k FkkA mUgksaus viuh ek¡ ds fo’k; esa Lo;a fy[kk gS &^^esjs thou dh dkseyrj ?kfM+;ksa dk vk/kkj esjh ek¡ gSA esjs NksVs ls Å¡ps mBus esa Hkh] Qwyk u lekus okyk rFkk esjh osnuk esa O;kdqy gks mBus okyk] ml tSlk dksbZ ughaA^^1 ek[kuyky prqosZnh dh ek¡ eerk] okRlY;] lkgl] R;kx vkSj ekuo lqyHk vkn”kZ xq.kksa dh izfrewfrZ FkhA ek[kuyky th dks vius firk ds lkFk gh viuh ek¡ ls ladYi&”kfDr] vU;k; dk fojks/k djus dh Hkkouk] la?k’kZ ls izse vkSj foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vnE; lkgl tSls xq.k izkIr gq, FksA ek[kuyky th vius izkjfEHkd thou esa cgqr gh uV[kV izo`fRr ds FksA ckylqyHk uV[kV LoHkko ds dkj.k muds iM+kslh Hkh ijs”kku jgrs FksA bl dkj.k ls mUgsa izk;% gh ?kj vkSj fon~;ky;] nksuksa LFkkuksa ij izrkfM+r fd;k tkrk Fkk] ijUrq muds uV[kV LoHkko esa dHkh Hkh deh ugha vkrh FkhA dHkh iM+kSfl;ksa dks ijs”kku djrs rks dHkh lkfFk;ksa dks vkSj dHkh&dHkh rks fon~;ky; ds pijklh rd dks u NksM+rs FksA ckcbZ esa tUes prqosZnh th vius ckY; dky esa gh fNnxk¡o pys x;s FksA ^^ckcbZ ds ckn ek[kuyky vius firk ds lkFk fNnxk¡o pyk x;kA gjnk LVs”ku ls 10 ehy nwj gks”kaxkckn dh fn”kk esa ;g ,d xk¡o gS vkSj bl uke ls jsyos LVs”ku Hkh gSA**2 fNnxk¡o dh fueXurk us ek[kuyky dks vR;f/kd izHkkfor fd;k vkSj ;gha ij muds ckY; dky dk vf/ kdka”k le; O;rhr gqvk] ^^ek[kuyky prqosZnh dk lEiw.kZ ckY; dky vkSj vf/kdka”k thou gks”kaxkckn ftys dh jgL;e;h fueXurk esa Mwck jgk gSA^^3

vkPNkfnr lqUnj HkwHkkx gSA ueZnk unh dh ty /kkjk us rks mls vkSj Hkh /kU; dj fn;k gSA Lo;a prqosZnh gh ugha oju~ mudk lEiw.kZ ifjokj Hkh vius xk¡o ckcbZ esa] tgk¡ vius fon~;kfn xq.kksa ds fy, izfl) Fkk] ogha nwljh vksj vius n`<+ ladYiksa ds fy, Hkh tkuk tkrk FkkA ;s lHkh xq.k prqosZnh th dks Hkh fojklr esa feys Fks blfy, rks mudh Lej.k&“kfDr vrqyuh; FkhA mUgksaus Lo;a fy[kk gS &**fgUnh dh igyh Dykl dh ikB~;&iqLrd ds ikB eq>s 69 o’kZ dh mez esa Hkh ;kn gSaA**4 Ekk[kuyky prqosZnh th dh izkjfEHkd f”k{kk muds xk¡o ckcbZ esa gh gqbZA i<+us esa rhoz cqnf/k~ fo|kFkhZ gksus ds lkFk&lkFk os ,d lQy vfHku;drkZ Hkh FksA izkjfEHkd f”k{kk iw.kZ gks tkus ds i”pkr mUgsa ia0 ckyHkV~V th ds ikl laL—r dk v/;;u djus ds fy, Hkstk x;kA dBksj LoHkko ds xq# gksus ds dkj.k os muls i<+us ds fy, rS;kj u FksA LoHkko ls fouez ,oa dq”ky f”k{kd muds firk uUnyky th us vius iq= dks v/;;u ds fy, uknusj HkstkA uknusj dh f”k{kk&in~/ kfr xq#dqy iz.kkyh dh FkhA ogk¡ dh iz.kkyh esa fo|kFkhZ vusd izdkj ds lsok dk;Z Hkh djrs Fks] tks ek[kuyky th dks ilUn u FksA os blls vlUrq’V jgrs Fks vkSj ;gha ij muds fonzksg ds Loj Hkh QwV iM+rs FksA fgUnh dh iqLrdsa i<+us dh izcy vkdka{kk j[kus okys prqosZnh th us uknusj esa fgUnh dk iz;ksx euk gksus ij Hkh yYywyky n~okjk fojfpr izselkxj dk v/;;u dj gh Mkyk] ifj.kkeLo:i fiVkbZ Hkh feyhA viuh “kadkvksa dk lek/kku <w¡<us vkSj u,&u, rF;ksa dh [kkstksa esa rks os lnk vkxs jgrs FksA muesas fdruh gh [kwfc;k¡ rks firk dh nsu FkhaA os Lo;a fy[krs gSa & ^^pqVdqys] miek] NksVh dgkfu;k¡] eqgkojs vkSj mfDr;k¡ esjs ikl vf/kdka”k esa vius firk th dh nh gqbZ gSaA os tc xk¡o esa vius fdlh ifjfpr ls ckr djrs] rc bu phtksa dk mi;ksx fd;k djrs vkSj dkSrwgyo”k yxkrkj lquus ds dkj.k os eq>s ;kn jg tkrhaA^^5 ek[kuyky th pkSng o’kZ dh vk;q esa gh vius lqUnj xkSj o.kZ] lqUnj us=ksa] ek[kuyky th dks vius izkjfEHkd eqLdjkgV Hkjs v/kjksa] vkHkk;qDr “kjhj vkSj thou esa iz—fr dk Hkh je.kh; :i ns[kus dk laHkk’k.k ls fdlh dks Hkh vkdf’kZr dj ysrs Hkjiwj volj izkIr gqvk] D;ksafd gks”kaxkckn FksA mudh bUgha fo”ks’krkvksa ls vk—’V ckcbZ ioZr Ük`a[kykvksa ls vko`Ùk] ufn;ksa dh dy&dy ds gh ,d lTtu us viuh ukS o’khZ;k iq=h /ofu ls vksrizksr ,oa lqjE; ty /kkjk ls X;kjlhckbZ ls prqosZnh th dk fookg dj fn;kA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

vHkkoksa ls Hkjs oSokfgd thou o fujUrj mis{kk ds dkj.k iRuh vLoLFk gks x;ha vkSj ;{ek jksx dh pissV esa vk tkus ls vYik;q esa gh bUgsa lnk&lnk ds fy, NksM+ dj ijyksdoklh gks x;haA iRuh dh eqR;q ds dkj.k bUgsa thou vaèkdkj Hkjh jkf= ds leku yf{kr gqvkA nwljk fookg u djus dh ckr ls gh izdV gksrk gS fd vHkkoxzLr oSokfgd thou gksus ij Hkh iRuh ds izfr mudh lPph vkLFkk o izse dk dksbZ vUr ugha FkkA ^HkkbZ NksM+ks ugh eq>s^ “kh’kZd xhr ds ek/;e ls mudh iRuh ds “kksd dk ,d vyx gh :i ifjyf{kr gksrk gSA ek[kuyky prqosZnh [k.Mok ds Ldwy esa v/;kid Fks] tgk¡ mUgsa xf.kr ds v/;kiu esa iqjLdkj fn;k x;k FkkA ogk¡ os lgk;d iz/kkuk/ ;kid Hkh jgsA mUgha fnuksa mudk fy[kk ukVd lgk;d f”k{kk fujh{kd ds le{k vfHkuhr gqvk FkkA v/;kid ds :i esa mUgksaus lekt dh iz”kalk izkIr dh vkSj os Nk=ksa ds lkFk gh vfHkHkkodksa rFkk lkFkh v/;kidksa esa Hkh yksdfiz; gq,A i=dkfjrk ls ek[kuyky prqosZnh dk lEcU/k cgqr xgjk FkkA mUgksaus lu~ 1908 esa ^jk’Vªh; vkUnksyu vkSj cfg’dkj* fo’k; ij ,d fucU/k fy[kk FkkA mu fnuksa ek/kojko lizs }kjk ^^fgUnh dsljh^^& uked i= dk izdk”ku fd;k x;k FkkA ek[kuyky th dk fucU/k bl i= esa izdkf”kr gqvk vkSj mUgsa izFke iqjLdkj feykA blh izdkj tc ^^lqcks/k fla/k^^ lkIrkfgd esa ek[kuyky th dk ^^”kfDr iwtk^^ “kh’kZd fucU/k izdkf”kr gqvk rks mUgsa jktnzksgh ?kksf’kr fd;k x;kA ;g ,d nwljs izdkj dk iqjLdkj FkkA bl ?kVuk us mUgsa i=dkfjrk txr ls foeq[k djus ds cnys thou Hkj ds fy, mlls tksM+ fn;kA i=dkfjrk ds lkFk mudk ;g xBcU/ku thoui;ZUr pykA mUgksaus lu~ 1913 esa ^^izHkk** uked ekfld i= dk lEiknu dk;Z izkjEHk fd;kA ;g ,d ,slk i= Fkk] ftlesa rRdkyhu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds ;FkkFkZ ds lkFk&lkFk izpqj ek=k esa lkfgfR;d lkexzh dk izdk”ku gksrk FkkA Lej.kh; gS fd blds izdk”ku ls dqN gh o’kZ igys lu~ 1909 esa t;”kadj izlkn ^^bUnq^^ dk izdk”ku djk pqds FksA m/kj vkpk;Z egkohj iz lkn f}os nh ^^ljLorh^^ ds ek/;e ls lkfgR;] lekt vkSj vkSj LorU=rk ds fy, vfHkuo iz;kl dj jgs FksA ^^izHkk**] ^^ljLorh** vkSj ^^bUnq** fefJr ijEijk dh if=dk,¡ FkhaA ek[kuyky prqosZnh

4

us lu~ 1920 esa ^^deZohj^^ dk izdk”ku izkjEHk fd;kA ;g ,d ,slk i= Fkk] ftlls Hkkjr ij “kklu djus okyh lEiw.kZ fczfV”k lÙkk FkjkZrh FkhA Jhdkar tks”kh us ,d izlax esa fy[kk gS &^^ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds lEikndRo esas foxr 30 o’kksZa ls fudyus okyk ^^deZohj^^ mudh vkXus; i=dkfjrk dk riksou gSA jDrLukr nqfu;k dh Hk;kog ifjfLFkfr;k¡ pkgs viuk vfHk”kki QSykus ds fy, gkoh gks jgh gkas] pkgs ns”k esa enkU/k vfoosd Hkkjrh;rk dh gR;k djus ij mrk: gks] bl lkIrkfgd us foxr 25 o’kksZa ls gekjs vUr%dj.k dh ifo=rk dh vR;fèkd lqj{kk fu;ksftr dh gSA ^^deZohj^^ Hkkjrh; vkRek dh “khyorh dke/ksuq cuk gqvk fojkV :fi.kh Hkjr ek¡ ds ekul p{kqvksa] og Hkh [kqys gq, ekul p{kq dk nkf;Ro ogu dj jgk gSA ^^deZohj** dk eukseUFku] {kh.k&cy] {kh.k&dks ’k dHkh ugha jgkA**6 deZohj dh “kfDr ØkfUrdkjh Hkkouk vkSj iz[kjrk dks rRdkyhu ØkfUrdkfj;ksa us viuh izsj.kk dk lzksr ekuk gh Fkk vkSj usrkth lqHkk’kpUnz cksl us Hkh bldh egkurk dks Lohdkj fd;k FkkA ek[kuyky th deZohj ds ek/;e ls Hkkjr dh nklrk dks u’V djus dk vfHk;ku pyk jgs FksA mUgksaus bl i= dks turk ds gkFk dk cM+k “kfDr”kkyh gfFk;kj cuk Mkyk FkkA cnys esa rRdkyhu lkezkT;oknh ljdkj muls cgqr ukjkt gks x;h Fkh rFkk gj lEHko mik; viuk dj mudk ekxZ jksd nsuk pkgrh FkhA ek[kuyky th Hkh dksbZ de dq”ky ugha FksA os viuk okLrfod uke fNikdj ^^,d Hkkjrh; vkRek**] ^^,d uo;qod**] ^^Jh xksiky**] ^^Jh fo”o O;kIr**] ^^HkDr lUrku**] vkfn ukeksa ls vaxszth ljdkj dks /oLr djus esa yxs Fks rFkk turk dks txkus okys ys[ k fy[krs FksA ^^deZohj^^ igys tcyiqj ls izdkf”kr gksrk FkkA lu~ 1925 esa og [k.Mok vk x;kA ogk¡ Hkh mlus viuk ØkfUrdkjh dk;Z tkjh j[kkA ek[kuyky prqosZnh us lu~ 1923 esa dkuiqj ls fudyus okys x.ks”k “kadj fon~;kFkhZ ds i= ^^izrki^^ dk Hkh lEiknu fd;kA x.ks”k “kadj fon~;kFkhZ ek[kuyky th dh i=dkj izfrHkk dk yksgk ekurs FksA os mudh ØkfUrdkjh xfrfof/k;ksa ls Hkh ifjfpr FksA ml ;qx ds bu nks egku i=dkjksa us lEiw.kZ fgUnh i=dkfjrk dks fn”kk nsus dk dk;Z fd;kA ;g ek[kuyky th dh i=dkfjrk dk gh izHkko Fkk fd mUgsa lu~ 1927 esa ^^Hkjriqj lEiknd lEesyu^^ vkSj lu~ 1934 esa ^^vf[ky Hkkjrh; i=dkj ifj’kn~] dk”kh** dk v/;{k pquk x;kA ek[kuyky prqosZnh i=dkj izfrHkk dh n`f’V ls yksdekU; ckyxaxk/kj fryd] x.ks”k “kadj ^^fon~;kFkhZ^^]

egf’kZ vjfoUn tSls egkekuoksa ds led{k FksA mUgksaus lPps vFkksZa esa i=dkfjrk ds {ks= esa ,d u, ØkfUrdkjh ;qx dk lw=ikr fd;kA ek[kuyky prqosZnh dk dk;Z&{ks= i=dkfjrk ds lkFk&lkFk jktuhfr Hkh FkkA ;g ml le; dh vko”;drk FkhA ijk/khu ns”k ds ukxfjd ds :i esa os furkUr vlUrq’V vkSj {kqC/k jgrs FksA mUgsa ftl foo”krk us i=dkfjrk ds ek/;e ls ns”k dks txkus ds fy, ck/; fd;k] mlh ijrU=rk ls tUeh foo”krk us ,d jktuhfrd dk;ZdrkZ Hkh cuk;kA ml dky esa Hkkjrh; jktuhfr ds f{kfrt ij egkREkk xk¡/kh dk mn; gks pqdk FkkA ek[kuyky th dks Hkh vU; vusd yksxksa dh Hkk¡fr xk¡/kh th us viuh vksj vk—’V fd;kA ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd os dkaxzsl ds lnL; cu x, rFkk bl ny n~okjk lapkfyr jktuSfrd xfrfof/k;ksa esa Hkkx ysdj LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkus yxsA mudk dk;Z Fkk & jktuSfrd dk;ZdrkZvksa dks izksRlkfgr djuk vkSj ijrU=rk ds fo#n~/k txg&txg Hkk’k.k nsukA blh Øe esa tc mUgksaus lu~ 1921 esa fcykliqj esa Hkk’k.k fn;k rks mlls fp<+dj vaxzst ljdkj us mUgsa vkB ekg dk lJe dkjkokl lquk;kA 1923 esa >.Mk&lR;kxzg esa mudh lfØ; Hkwfedk cgqr egRoiw.kZ jghA 1930 esa taxy lR;kxzg dh lfØ; Hkwfedk ds fy, mUgsa ,d o’kZ ds dkjkokl dk n.M lquk;k x;kA tsy esa jgrs gq, mUgsa cgqr lh ;kruk,¡ Hkksxuh iM+haA mudh ^^dS+nh vkSj dksfdy^^ dfork mu lc ;krukvksa dk bfrgkl gS A ;g dfork ek[kuyky prq os Z n h ds ØkfUrdkjh O;fDrRo vkSj jktuSfrd le> dk mnkgj.k Hkh gSA blds ek/;e ls mUgksaus nklrk rFkk turk ij fd, tkus okys vR;kpkjksa dk ltho fp=.k fd;k gSA Åij ls ,slk izrhr gksrk gsS fd ek[kuyky prqosZnh izkjEHk ls gh xk¡/kh&ekxZ ds vuq;k;h Fks] fdUrq ;g ,d v/kZlR; gSA okLrfodrk ;g gSa fd prqosZnh th ewyr% ØkfUrdkjh iz—fr ds O;fDr FksA LorU=rk izkfIr ds fy, pyk, tk jgs ØkfUrdkjh vkUnksyu ls gh mudk gkfnZd tqM+ko Hkh FkkA ØkfUr ds ;s laLdkj mUgsa f”k{kk izkIr djrs le; gh fey x, FksA mudk ØkfUrdkjh ;qodksas ls lEidZ gks x;k Fkk vkSj os muds ny ds lnL; Hkh cu x, FksA MkW-a pUnzHkkuq izlkn flag us ek[kuyky prqosZnh vkSj ØkfUrdkjh r#.kksa ds lUnHkZ esa fy[kk gS &**bu r#.kksa dh ikB~;&iqLrd cafde pUnz pVthZ dh ^^vkuUneB** uked iqLrd FkhA ;s r#.k ,d gkFk esa fiLrkSy vkSj nwljs gkFk esa xhrk ysdj vius deZ&iFk ij vxzlj

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

FksA xhrk mUgsa deZ dh Hkk’kk vkSj ok.kh ns jgh FkhA ^^vkuUneB** ml ok.kh vkSj deZ dks fn”kk fn[kkus dk dke dj jgh FkhA^^7 mu fnuksa prqosZnh th yksdekU; fryd ls Hkh cgqr izHkkfor FksA muds thou dk ,d gh y{; cu x;k Fkk & ØkfUr djds bl ns”k dks vaxzstksa ls eqDr djukA os vkRek dh u”ojrk dk eU= jVrs gq, gkFk esa fiLrkSy ysdj ØkfUr vfHk;ku esa izk.ki.k ls lfØ; jgrs FksA vkxs pydj os xk¡/kh th ds lEidZ esa vk, vkSj muds jktuSfrd dk;ZØe ds izfr vkdf’kZr gq,A brus ij Hkh mudk ØkfUrdkjh LoHkko iwjh rjg ifjofrZr ugha gqvkA tc Hkh volj feyk mUgksaus xk¡/kh th dh le>kSrs okyh uhfr dk fojks/k fd;kA ek[kuyky prqosZnh dk jktuSfrd&thou LorU=rk izkfIr ds i”pkr~ Hkh pyrk jgkA ;g vyx ckr gS fd ftu usrkvksa ds gkFkksa esa LorU= Hkkjr dh ckxMksj vkbZ] mUgksaus mUgsa mudk LokHkkfod izkI; ugha fn;kA fQj Hkh os le>kSrk oknh ugha cusA ;g vk”p;Z dk fo’k; gS fd ,d Hkkjrh; vkRek tS l h ltx foHkw f r dh e`R;q&frfFk ds fo’k; esa vusd HkzkfUr;k¡ izpfyr gks xbZA dqN us mudh e`R;q 30 tuojh 1967 ¼gfj—’.k izseh & vkt ds fgUnh dfo ,oa MkWuxsUnz & Hkkjrh; lkfgR; dks”k vkfn½ dks ?kksf’kr dh rks dqN us cgqr ihNs tkrs gq, lu~ 1956 ¼vjfoUn ik.Ms & fgUnh ds izeq[k dfo % jpuk vkSj f”kYi½A nwljh vksj bfrgkl dqN vkSj gh dgrk gSA miyC/k lkexzh ds vuqlkj e/; izns”k fo/kkulHkk us 21 Qjojh] 1968 dks ek[kuyky prqosZnh dks Jn~/kkatfy lefiZr dh FkhA bl ?kVuk ds vk/kkj ij os mlh o’kZ gels fonk gq,A xEHkhj v/;srkvksa us [kkst djds mudh e`R;q&frfFk 30 tuojh lu~ 1968 ?kksf’kr dh gSA ek[kuyky prqosZnh us ,d ckj vius eu dh ihM+k dks izdV djrs gq, dgk Fkk & ^^esjs thou dk lcls cM+k liuk gS fd viuk ?kj gks vkSj mlesa ,d ckFk :e gksA fdjk, ds ?kj dh Hkh dksbZ ftUnxh gS \ gj {k.k yxrk jgrk gS fd dksbZ] tks gels Hkh cM+k gS vkSj mlds ge fdjk;snkj gSaA**8 bl izlax ls ek[kuyky prqoZsnh ds thou la?k’kZ dk ,d ,slk ladsr feyrk gS] tks muds n~okjk fd, tkus okys lEiw.kZ thou la?k’kZ dks le>us esa lgk;d gks ldrk gSA ek[kuyky prqosZnh ewyr% ftl fcUnq ls vkxs c<+s Fks] og fcUnq gh Lo;a esa la?k’kZ dk izfr:i FkkA mUgsa thou dh okLrfodrk dks le>us ls igys gh oSokfgd thou esa vk, ?kksj vHkko ls mRiUu ekufld la?k’kZ dks lgu djuk iM+k FkkA blds ckn rks os lekt vkSj jk’Vª ls tqM+rs x;s rFkk mudk la?k’kZ Hkh foLrkj

5

ikrk x;kA prqosZnh th ds thou vkSj lkfgR; dk v/;;u djus okys fon~okuksa us muds la?k’kZ ds fofHkUu igyqvksa dks le>k vkSj le>k;k gSA vè;;srk ekurs gSa fd ^^os jpukdkj vkSj lSfud nksuksa FksA vaxzstksa dh xqykeh esa Q¡ls dlelkrs gq, ns”k dh osnuk dks ok.kh nsus okys fuHkhZd jpukdkj lSfud ek[kuyky th dky&dksBjh esa Hkh viuh gqadkj Hkjrs gq, Øwj “kklu dh pwyas fgykus dk ne&[ke j[krs FksA vaxzstksa ds “kks’k.k] neu ls iwjk ns”k ldrs esa vk x;k FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa vaxzstksa ds :&c&: gksdj ckr dh ek[kuyky th usA ek[kuyky th ds ikl ykx&yis V ugha gS A mUgks a u s fcz f V”k lkezkT;okfn;ksa dk [kqYye&[kqYyk fojks/k fd;kA oLrqr% mudh jpuk dk mRl rks ijrU= jk’Vª dh O;Fkk&dFkk ls viz;kl mPNokflr gks mBk Fkk] vkfn dfo ds “kksdksPNokl dh rjgA**9 ek[kuyky th us tks fo”kky lkfgR; jpk gS] mlesa ^^Hkkjro’kZ ij cy iwoZd “kklu djus okys fons”kh “kkldksa ds vR;kpkjksa dk fp=.k vkSj mudk fojks/k fon~;eku gSA**10 prqosZnh th iwjs fczfV”k lkezkT;okn ls vius vkRecy ds lgkjs ij Vdjk tkus dk lkgl j[krs FksA mudk ;g Vdjko Hkh cgqvk;keh gksrk FkkA lkezkT;okn bl ns”k dh turk dh nklrk dk gh izrhd ugha Fkk] og gekjh tkrh; vkSj lkaL—frd voufr dk izrhd Hkh FkkA blhfy, ek[kuyky prqosZnh us lkezkT;okn ls la?k’kZ dks vius jk’Vªokn dk vfHkUu vax cuk;kA ifj.kkeLo:i prqosZnh th dk lkezkT;okn fojksèk] jk’Vªh; dkO;&/kkjk ds fo”kky Qyd dk vax cukA11 ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds thou&la?k’kZ dk ,d i{k lkeUrokn ls la?k’kZ Hkh gSA ;g Hkh muds jk’Vªh;&la?k’kZ dk gh ,d fgLlk FkkA prqosZnh th ekurs Fks fd Hkkjr dh voufr ds ewy esa lkeUrokn Hkh ,d cM+k dkj.k gS] D;ksafd ;g lkezkT;okn dks fVdk, j[kus ds fy, ,d etcwr ik, dk dke djrk gSA ek[kuyky th ds lkfgR; esa la?k’kZ ds bl :i dks cM+h vklkuh ls js[kkafdr fd;k tk ldrk gSA**ek[kuyky th ds ys[ku&deZ ij ewy laosnuk dk xgjk vlj iM+k gSA mUgksaus fofHkUu Lrjksa ij lkezkT;okn ls la?k’kZ djus ds lkFk gh mlds lkekftd vk/kkj Hkkjrh; lkearokn ls Hkh la?k’kZ fd;k gSA**12 prqosZnh th us vius i=dkj thou esa Hkh tks la?k’kZ fd;k Fkk] og cgqvk;keh FkkA ijrU=rk dk og dky i=dkfjrk vkSj vU; izdkj ds jk’Vªoknh ys[kd ds fy, dksbZ de d’Viw.kZ oSls Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrkA ek[kuyky th ds fy, rks mldk ladViw.kZ gksuk lgt gh

FkkA Jh dkUr tks”kh ds vuqlkj & ^^lu~ 1913 ls lu~ 1945 rd dh i=dkfjrk ,d cM+h tksf[ke FkhA blesa Hkh lu~ 1913 ls lu~ 1935 rd dh i=dkfjrk rks cM+h d’Vizn FkhA ek[kuyky th dks vkSj muds edku dks iqfyl vkSj lh-vkbZ-Mh- dh utj lrr~ ?ksjs jgrh Fkh] ifj.kker% deZohj esa fy[kuk rks nwj dh ckr Fkh] deZohj ds lEiknd ls fdlh dk lEidZ gS] ;g ckr Hkh uksV gks tkrh Fkh] yksx Hk;Hkhr jgrs FksA**13 bruk gksrs gq, Hkh ek[kuyky prqosZnh us viuk y{; vkSj ladYi ugha NksM+kA ek[kuyky th dks vius la?k’kZ dk Hkjiwj ewY; Hkh pqdkuk iM+kA ^^bldh dher muls fczfV”k lkezkT; us gh ugha olwyh] LorU= Hkkjr ds “kkldksa us Hkh iwjh dher olwyhA Hkkjr LorU= gqvk] ek[kuyky th ds thou dk ,d liuk iwjk gqvk] fdUrq lÙkk ds xfy;kjksa ij vfèkdkj tek ysus okys yksxksa us mUgsa /kdsy ckgj fd;kA**14 la?k’kZ dh blh cgqvk;keh i`’BHkwfe us ,d Hkkjrh; vkRek ds Li`g.kh; O;fDRkRo dk xBu Hkh fd;kA 20oha “krkCnh ds LoukeèkU; ys[kd vKs; us muds O;fDrRo dk ewY;kadu bu “kCnksa esa fd;k gS & ^^ml ;qx esa tc vfèkdrj ys[kd fo[kf.Mr O;fDrRo okys ys[kd gksus yxs Fks] ek[kuyky th ds v[kf.Mr O;fDrRo us vius ledkyhuksa ds lkeus ,d vkn”kZ Hkh j[kk] ,d pqukSrh Hkh [kM+h dhA fdlh Hkh ns”k] fdlh Hkh lekt ds fy, ,d v[k.M O;fDrRo ,d cgqr cM+h miyfC/k gSA**15 Mk- ds- outk] ek[kuyky th ds O;fDrRo ds ,d vU; i{k dk mn~?kkVu djrh gSaA** os muds ok.kh&dkS”ky ij eqX/k gSa vkSj ekurh gSa fd ek[kuyky th ds O;fDrRo esa mudh oDr`Ro&“kSyh dk cgqr egRo gSA bldk dkj.k mudk v/;;u] jktuSf rd la Ldkj vkSj LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa fuHkk;h xbZ Hkwfedk rks gS gh muds gkL;&fouksniw.kZ thou laLdkj Hkh gSaA ;g dguk lgh izrhr gksrk gS fd & ^^fu>Zj.kh ds leku izokgeku mudh ok.kh esa dgha Hkh dksbZ #dkoV ugha gksrh] fdUrq e;kZnk dh lhek dks og ok.kh ugha yk¡?krh gS] Hkkoiw.kZ mudk oDrO; dHkh mins”kkRed ugha gS] cfYd ueZ&fouksn] gYdk lk O;aX;] ifjgkliw.kZ gS] budh ok.kh esa lpeqp xn~; vkSj in~; dk ljl feJ.k gqvk gSA**16 ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds O;fDrRo dk ,d i{k mudh jpuk”khyrk ls Hkh tqM+k gqvk gSA jpukdkj ds O;fDrRo esa ek= lkfgR;&l`tu dk xq.k gh ugha gksrk] cfYd l`tu&ijEijk dks izksRlkfgr djus] vkxs c<+kus vkSj ifjiq’V cukus dk xq.k Hkh gksrk gSA ;g xq.k fdlh lkfgR;dkj ds vkUrfjd oSf”k’V~;

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

vkSj lkSUn;Z dks izdV djrk gSA prqosZnh th dfo gksus ds lkFk&lkFk ,d Js’B xn~;dkj Hkh FksA mudh xn~; jpukvksa esa mudk O;fDrRo ;=&r= fc[kjk iM+k gSA bruk gh ugha mUgksaus viuh xn~;&ys[ku {kerk ls lEiw.kZ xn~; ijEijk dks fn”kk Hkh iznku dh gSA bls mudh lkfgR; dks nsu Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA17 xn~; ds lkFk prqosZnh th dk O;fDrRo viuh iwjh HkO;rk esa dfork esa izdV gqvk gSA mudh dfork i<+ dj ;g irk pyrk gS fd mUgksaus viuh dforkvksa ds “kCn&”kCn esa viuk ØkfUrdkjh O;fDrRo mMsyk gS vkSj muds ek/ ;e ls jk’Vª&lsoh ihf<+;ksa dks izHkkfor fd;k gSA leh{kdksa ds vuqlkj dforkvksa esa prqosZnh th ds O;fDrRo dk tkToY;eku O;fDrRo izdV gqvk gSA ogk¡ os fopkjd gSa] fpUrd gSa] cfynkuh gSa] R;kxh gSa] lkglh gSa vkSj ,d lEiw.kZ jk’Vªoknh gSaA mudh dfork,¡ lPps vFkksZa esa eU=ksPpkj dh lh vuqHkwfr nsrh gSaA18 prqosZnh th nq/kZ’kZ O;fDrRo ds Lokeh FksA le>kSrkoknh uhfr ls mUgsa ?k`.kk FkhA ;g fo”ks’krk vktUe muds O;fDrRo dk vax cuh jgh] ;gk¡ rd fd dkaxzsl dh mÙkjorhZ xfrfof/ k;ksa esa Hkh mUgksaus le>kSrkokn dks Lohdkj ugha fd;kA19 ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds O;fDrRo dk ,d xq.k & vU; yksxksa ds O;fDrRo dks lgh&lgh le>uk Hkh FkkA os vius lEidZ esa vk;s yksxksa ds O;fDrRo esa iwjh iSB cukrs Fks vkSj le; vkus ij vius vuqHko lfgr mldh izLrqfr djrs FksA ;g dk;Z cgqr dfBu vkSj ;g xq.k cgqr fojy gksrk gSA dksbZ O;fDr O;kid thou&cks/k vkSj lw{exzkgh n`f’V ds vHkko esa bls izkIr ughsa dj ldrkA ek[kuyky th us bl xq.k dks vius O;fDrRo dk vax cuk;k FkkA bldk mnkgj.k muds n~okjk fy[ks laLej.k gSaA mudh jpukoyh esa bl izlax dk mYys[k bu “kCnksa esa gqvk gS & ^^,d Hkh laLej.k ,slk ugha] ftlesa vHkh’V O;fDr dk lewpk O;fDrRo eq[kj u gqvk gksA O;fDr ds dk;Z&{ks= ds vuqlkj ifjfLFkfr fo”ys’k.k] “kkjhfjd&ekufld xBu] izHkko vkfn dk fooj.k izLrqr djus esa og lQy bfrgkldkj dfo dh n`f’V dk lfEefyr iz;Ru n`f’Vxkspj gksrk gSA**20 ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds thou&la?k’kZ vkSj muds O;fDrRo ls tqM+dj gh mudh fopkj/kkjk dk v/;;u fd;k tk ldrk gSA muds fo’k; esa ;g tkuuk cgqr vko”;d gS fd ^^mudk fpUru fuBYyksa dk ekul&[kkn~; dHkh ugha cukA os “kkS;Z&ijkØe dh Hkk’kk esa fpUru djrs jgs gSa vkSj eSaus ns[kk] bl le;

6

muds la?k’kZ”khy psruk ds ikS#’k n`Ir rst ls ;qDr vk;Z eq[k ij cl nks gh lR; vo”ks’k jg x, gSa] thou deZ Hksnh n`f’V vkSj mlds uhps “osr “eJqA**21 prqosZnh th dh thou xkFkk ds vuqlkj tc os ØkfUrdkjh xfrfof/k;ksa esa fo”okl izdV djds ØkfUrdkjh ny ls tqM+s Fks vkSj ns”k dh LorU=rk ds fy, ej&feVus dk ladYi djds cfyiaFkh cus Fks] ml le; mUgsa vU; oLrqvksa ds lkFk xhrk dh ,d izfr Hkh HksaV dh x;h FkhA bldk mudh fopkjèkkjk ij vfeV izHkko iM+kA mlls dqN igys os cafde ds vkuUn eB ds lEidZ esa vk gh pqds FksA ml miU;kl —fr us mUgsa n`<+ ladYi vkSj pqukSrhiw.kZ ?kM+h esa nwjnf”kZrkiw.kZ fu.kZ; ysus dh izsj.kk nh FkhA bu ?kVukvksa dk ek[kuyky th dh fopkj/ kkjk ls egRoiw.kZ fj”rk gSAprqosZnh th ds laLdkj cpiu ls gh oS ’ .ko&laL dkj Fks A muds ekrk&firk n~okjk iznŸk bu laLdkjksa us Hkh muds fopkjksa dks lacy iznku fd;kA bruk gksus ij Hkh ;g mudh tUetkr ØkfUrdkfjrk gh Fkh] ftlus mUgsa oS’.ko :f<+;ksa ls Hkh cpk;kA muds fo’k; esa dgk tkrk gS fd ^^ek[kuyky th oSpkfjd&nk”kZfud n`f’V ls ,d fof”k’V izdkj dh oS’.koh fopkj/kkjk ds iz.ksrk FksA ;g ijEijkxr oS’.koh fopkj/kkjk ls loZFkk fHkUu gSA bls uo oS’ .kookn dg ldrs gSaA**22 ek[kuyky th dk ;g uooS’.kookn ns”k&fgr dks loksZifj ekurk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd os / keZ ijk;.k rks Fks] fdUrq /kkfeZd deZdk.M ds ihNs vU/ks gksdj nkSM+us okys ughaA mudh oS’.koh fopkj/kkjk us muds jk’Vªokn dk iwjh rjg iks’k.k fd;k FkkA23 ek[kuyky th dh fopkj/kkjk dk fudV ls v/;;u djus ij ;g Hkh Li’V gksrk gS fd os vius fonzksgh LoHkko ds dkj.k /keZ] jk’Vª] tkfr] laL—fr vkfn ds lEcU/k esa igys dqN lhek,¡ [khaprs Fks vkSj fQj mudk vfrØe.k Hkh djrs FksA ;g ,d foLe;dkjh rF; gS fd prqosZnh th dh oS’.ko&psruk vkSj muds ØkfUrdkjh n”kZu ds e/; fujUrj ,d lUrqyu cuk jgkA muds thou esa Hkh vkSj muds lkfgR; esa HkhA24 blls prqosZnh th ds oSpkfjd f{kfrt dh fuLlherk Hkh izdV gksrh gSA mUgksaus thou Hkj /kekZU/krk dk fojks/k fd;kA Hkkjrh; ys[kdksa esa bl n`f’V ls x.ks”k ”kadj fo|kFkhZ muds led{k dgs tk ldrs gSaA ;s nksuksa egkiq#’k / keZ dks ekuo ds fy, vko”;d ekurs Fks] fdUrq fdlh O;fDr vFkok oxZ fo”ks’k ds LokFkksZa dh iwfrZ ds fy, mlds iz;ksx ds dV~Vj fojks/ kh FksA ; g ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds izkS<+ fopkj&n”kZu dk gh ifj.kke gS fd muesa tkfrokn fojks/k ds

lkFk&lkFk O;kid ekuorkokn dk Hkh fodkl gqvkA blh ds lkFk os lEiw.kZ dV~Vjrkokn vkSj iqjkruiaFkh izo`fŸk ds fojks/kh gks x;sA ek[kuyky prqosZnh us vius xgu&vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij ;g fu’d’kZ fudkyk Fkk fd Hkkjro’kZ esa fgUnqvksa vkSj eqlyekuksa ds e/; tks fojks/k Hkko gS] mlds fy, fczfV”k lkezkT;okn rks ftEesnkj gS gh] fdUrq bu nksuksa tkfr;ksa dh iqjkruiaFkh izo`fŸk Hkh de ftEesnkj ugha gSA vius blh fopkj ds vk/kkj ij mUgksaus iqjkru :f<+;ksa vkSj izfrxkeh izo`fŸk;ksa ij Hkkjh izgkj fd;s gSaA25 prqosZnh th ds ikl ,d v[k.M vkSj Bksl lkekftd n”kZu Hkh FkkA bldk irk ukfj;ksa ds lEcU/k esa muds n`f’Vdks.k ls pyrk gSA vk/kqfud dky ds vkxeu ds ifj.kkeLo:i “krkfCn;ksa ls nch&dqpyh ukfj;ksa ds izfr lkekftd tkxj.k dk izkjEHk gqvkA Lo;a iq#’kksa us ;g lkspuk “kq# fd;k fd thou ds fuekZ.k esa ukjh dh egrh Hkwfedk gS( vr% mls mlds lkekftd vf/kdkjksa ls oafpr ugha j[kk tk ldrkA ek[kuyky prqosZnh ,slk lkspus okyksa esa lcls vkxs FksA os cgqr izcy :i esa ;g iz”u mBkrs gSa fd ukjh tkfr Lo fu.kZ; vFkok LorU=rkiwoZd fopkj djus dk vf/kdkj D;ksa ugha izkIr dj ldrh \ fQj blds mŸkj esa bl lR; dk mn~?kkVu Hkh djrs gSa fd ukjh dh bl n”kk ds fy, iq#’k tkfr dk LokFkhZ LoHkko gh ftEesnkj gSA mUgksaus ekuk fd ukjh lekt ds lanHkZ esa iq#’k tkfr vius LokFkZ dh lhek dk mYya?ku dj xbZ gSA26 ek[kuyky prqosZnh dh fopkjèkkjk dk ,d i{k vkfFkZd fpUru ls Hkh tqM+k gqvk gSA blds nks :i gSa & ,d mn~;ksxksa ds lEcU/ k esa mudk fpUru vkSj nks] fdlkuksa dh leL;kvksa ds lEcU/k esa mudh n`f’VA ek[kuyky prqosZnh mn~;ksx&/kU/kksa ds fodkl vkSj ns”k dh vkfFkZd mUufr ij cy nsrs Fks] fdUrq os ;g dHkh ugha pkgrs Fks fd mn~;ksxksa ds uke ij cM+s mn~;ksxksa dk lkezkT; LFkkfir gks tk, vkSj NksVs mn~;ksxksa dk xyk ?kksV fn;k tk;A mUgksaus ges”kk y?kq mn~;ksxksa dk i{k fy;kA mlls tgk¡ muds iwathokn&fojks/k dk irk pyrk gS]27 oghas Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk lEcU/kh mudh xgu xEHkhj tkudkjh Hkh izdV gksrh gSA ek[kuyky prqosZnh us ges”kk “kks’kd vkSj “kkld dk fojks/k fd;kA LorU=rk ds fy, la?k’kZ djrs le; Hkh vkSj LorU=rk ds ckn HkhA blds ihNs Hkh turk dh vkfFkZd leL;k,¡ gh eq[; dkj.k gSaA os Hkkjr dh —f’k O;oLFkk rFkk mldh leL;kvksa dks vPNh rjg tkurs FksA mUgsa irk Fkk fd —’kd gh bl ns”k dh vkfFkZd jh<+ rFkk vFkZ O;oLFkk ds dsUnz esa gSA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

vaxzsth lkezkT;okn blh —’kd lekt dk “kks’k.k vkSj Hkkjr dh vkRefuHkZj vFkZO;oLFkk dk fouk”k dj jgk FkkA ek[kuyky prqosZnh us bldk fojksèk fd;kA mudk ^^deZohj** fdlku turk dks “kks’k.k ls cpus ds fy, mRlkfgr djrk Fkk vkSj —’kd lekt esa O;kIr vf”k{kk dks lekIr djus dk vfHk;ku pykrk FkkA ;fn /;ku ls ns[ksa] rks ;g lc Hkh ,d Hkkjrh; vkRek ds jk’Vªoknh n`f’Vdks.k vkSj fopkjèkkjk dk gh vfuok;Z vax FkkA ^^ek[kuyky th dk jpukdky Hkh 1905&06 ls 1965&66 ds yxHkx rd lkB&bdlB o’kksZa ds foLrkj esa QSyk gqvk gSA28 ;gh og le; Fkk] tc ek[kuyky th dk lh/kk lEcU/k ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ls cuk jgkA 1916 ds yxHkx ek[kuyky th xk¡/kh th ds Hkh izHkko esa vk,] ijUrq ;gk¡ Hkh ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ls izkIr er] lykg vkfn cjkcj cus jgsA ek[kuyky th dk lkfgR; dHkh Hkh Bhd le; ij izdkf”kr ugha gqvkA mudh izFke izdkf”kr —fr gS & d`’.kktqZu ;qn~/k¼1918½A ;g ,d lQy vkSj vR;f/kd yksdfiz; ukVd gSA 1916 esa tcyiqj ds vf[ky Hkkjrh; fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu ds volj ij bldh izFke izLrqfr gqbZ Fkh] fdUrq mlds ckn 1943 rd ;kuh yxHkx iPphl o’kksZa rd ek[kuyky th dh dksbZ fdrkc u vk ldhA ;g og le; Fkk tc os vf[ky Hkkjrh; fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu ds gfjn~okj vf/kos”ku ds lHkkifr pqus x, FksA mudh mez 54 o’kZ ds vklikl FkhA mudh f}rh; d`fr Fkh & ^^fgefdjhfVuh**A29 ^^mudh fo[;kr —fr ^^lkfgR; nsork** dk izdk”ku 1943 esa gqvk FkkA izdk”ku ds lkFk lEiw.kZ fgUnh txr esa gh ugha] lEiw.kZ Hkkjrh; lkfgR; txr esa blus rgydk epk fn;kA**30 blls cM+h vkSj dkSu lh ckr gks ldrh Fkh] tks ek[kuyky th dks xn~;dkjksa dh mPp Ük`a[kyk ls tksM+ ikrhA ^^ek[kuyky th dsoy dkyt;h dfo gh ugha] oju~ iz[kj] tkx:d] euLoh i=dkj Hkh FksA fczfV”k nklrk vkSj ns”kh fj;klrksa ds jktkvksa ds neu ds tekus esa i= fudkyuk vR;Ur dfBu dk;Z FkkA ysfdu pqukSrh ds :i es a ;g dk;Z Lohdkj dj vkthou i=dkfjrk ds fy, mUgksaus viuk thou lefiZr fd;kA**31 vaxzsth “kklu ds le; i=dkfjrk dk thou dksbZ vklku dk;Z ugha Fkk vkSj bl dk;Z dh ifj.kfr ds fy, fdlh ohj ;ksn~/kk ds leku gh ykSg&ys[kuh okys ek[kuyky th us viuk lEiw.kZ thou i=dkfjrk ij U;ksNkoj dj fn;kA ^^i=dkfjrk esa ek[kuyky th dh izfrHkk vykSfdd gSA bl mnkÙk vkSj xkSjoiw.kZ O;olk; ds ckjs esa muds tks fopkj gSa vkSj

7

18- ogh] i`- 18-

19- ;g O;fDrRo dka xzs l ds fojks/kh ny ^^LorU= dka xzsl** dh rjQ ls iwoZ n`f’V gS] og Hkh lpeqp vn~Hkqr gSA cM+k vpjt lUnHkZ % esa dka xzs l dk fojks /k dj pqdk FkkA ek[kuyky th us ds Unz h; us rk dh ckr 1ek[kuyky prq o s Z n h % ;k=k iq # ’k] lEiknu ,oa la d yudrkZ % JhdkUr gksrk gS fd bruk lkjk Kku ;g vkneh dgk¡ tks ”kh] i`- & 11-2- ek[kuyky prqosZnh jpukoyh] lEiknu & JhdkUr dks vLohdkj dj fn;kA &ek[kuyky prq osZ nh vkS j Lok/khurk vkUnksyu MkW - pUnz Hkkuq iz lkn fla g] iz Fke la aLdj.k 1983] i`- 48ls ik x;k \ ysfdu bldk Hkh eq>s jat jgk gS tks ”kh] iz Fke la aLdj.k 1983] i`- 2520- ek[kuyky prqosZnh jpukoyh] Hkkx&5fd bl Kku ls vkSj vuqHko ls dek;h tkus 3- ogh] i`- 2321- ogh Hkkx&1 thou] i`- 284- ogh] Hkkx & 1] i`- 45okyh ØkfUrdkjh “kfDr dh vksj ^^nknk** us 5- ogh] Hkkx & 1] i`- 4722- ek[kuyky prq os Z nh vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnksyu MkW0 pUnz Hkkuq izlkn fla g izFke laa Ldj.k 1983] i` - 136dHkh fo”ks’k /;ku ugha fn;kA nknk ;fn fu’Bk 6- ogh] Hkkx & 1] i`- 217- ek[kuyky prqosZnh vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnks yu] MkW - pUnz Hkkuq iz lkn flag] 23- ek[kuyky prq os Z nh vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnksyu MkW0 pUnz Hkkuq izlkn fla g vkSj yxu ds lkFk mlh {ks= esa tqVs jgrs rks izFke laa Ldj.k 1983] i`- 39izFke laa Ldj.k 1983] i` - 135ek[kuyky th viuh lhek,¡ [kha prs gS a vkS j fQj vfrdzkar Hkh djrs gS ] fryd] vjfoUn dh ykSg&ys[kuh dh rjg 8- ek[kuyky prq osZnh % ;k=k iq#’k] lEiknu ,oa ladyudrkZ % JhdkUr 24oS ’ .kork vkS j ØkfUrdkfjrk ds chp ,d lq [kn larqyu LFkkfir djrs gSa A ”kh] i`- 14viuh ys[kuh ls fgUnh Hkk’kh lalkj ds lcls tks 9- ek[kuyky prqosZnh vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnks yu] MkW - pUnz Hkkuq iz lkn flag] &&ogh] i` - 14025- ek[kuyky th fgUnw &eq fLye foHks n ds la nHkZ es a flQZ lkez kT;oknh tcjnLr] lcls izHkko”kkyh izfrfuf/k cu izFke laa Ldj.k 1983] i`- 55“kklu dks gh nks’kh ugha Bgjkrs oju~ os blds fy, bu nks uks a dkS eks a dh 32 10^^ek[kuyky th dh jk’Vª h ; dforkvks a es a fcz f V”k lkez k T; ds vR;kpkj tkrsA** dkO; ds {ks= esa ek[kuyky prqosZnh vkS j mls yydkjus dh tSlh vfHkO;fDr gq bZ gS] oS lh ml ;q x es a fdlh iqjkru ia Fkh iz o`fÙk ij Hkh izgkj djrs gSa A &ogh] i`- 9626- ogh] i` - 114us fgefdjhfVuh ds lkFk gh fgerjafx.kh] os.kqyks nwljs fgUnh dfo dh jpukvks a esa ugha gq bZ gSA^^ ogh] i`- 5727- ek[kuyky th us ns ”kh m|ks x vkSj O;olk; dh mUufr ij cy fn;k 11^^os ikih fcz f V”k “kklu ij fuHkZ ; gks d j vfiz ; mitkrs jgs A mUgks a u s xw¡ts /kjk] ekrk] ;qxpj.k] ej.k Tokj] chtqjh fcz fV”k lkez kT;okn ds f[kykQ cgq vk;keh la ?k’kZ fd;kA fgUnh dh jk’Vªh; gS] ys fdu gj le; cM+ s vkSj Nks Vs m|fe;ksa ds QdZ dks Hkh /;ku es a j[kk] dkty vk¡t jgh tSlh Js’B dkO; jpukvksa ds dkO;/kkjk es a ;g cgq vk;keh la?k’kZ ,d fo”kky LFkku j[krk gS A** ogh] i` - mUgksa us gj le; NksVs m|fe;ks a dh odkyr dh vkSj cM+ s m|fe;ksa dks vkM+ s gkFkks a fy;kA ;g mudh iw¡ thokn fojks/kh n`f’V dk ifjpk;d gSA &ogh] i` ek/;e ls iz[kj jk’Vª oknh Hkko èkkjk dk 578412- ogh] i` - 103uO;&iz.k;u fd;kA MkW- pUnzHkkuq izlkn flag 13- ek[kuyky prqosZnh jpukoyh] lEiknu & JhdkUr tks”kh] iz Fke 28- ek[kuyky prqosZnh jpukoyh] lEiknd JhdkUr tks”kh] 198329- ogh] us muds dkO; dks fujkys iFk dk lèkkud laa Ldj.k 198314- ^^LorU=rk laxzke ds vUrxZ r ek[kuyky th ds lfØ; thou dh 30- ogh] dgk gSA mUgha ds “kCnksa esa & ^^ek[kuyky th lekfIr rks e` R;q i;ZUr ugha gks ldh] ij ml ;q x dh tks lÙkkdka{kh xfrfof/ 31- ek[kuyky prqosZnh dh jpukvks a esa ekuo ewY;ks a dh vo/kkj.kk MkW- ds tqykbZ 1995] i`- 21dh dfork Hkkocks/k vkSj laosnuk ds /kjkry k gq bZ Fkh] mlesa os ,d rjg ls ihNs <dsy fn, x,A** & MkW- pUnzHkkuq outk 32e/; iz ns”k la ns”k] Lo- vuUr xks iky i` - 88 ¼ek[kuyky prqosZnh dh fla g] ek[kuyky prq os Z nh vkS j Lok/khurk vkUnksyu] i`- 48ij viuh futh fo”ks’krkvksa dk ifjp; nsrh iz15-lknek[kuyky prqosZnh jpukoyh] lEiknu & JhdkUr tks”kh] iz Fke jpukvks a es a ekuo ew Y;ks a dh vo/kkj.kk ls mn~/k`r i` - 22½A 33- ek[kuyky prqosZnh vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnks yu] MkW - pUnz Hkkuq iz lkn flag] gqbZ ,d fujkys iFk dk la/kku djrh gSA**33 laa Ldj.k 198316- ek[kuyky prqosZnh dh jpukvks a es a ekuo ewY;ks a dh voèkkj.kk] MkW- ds - izFke laLdj.k 1983] i`- 76blh l`tu&lalkj esa ek[kuyky prqosZnh dk outk] la - 1995] i`- 2817- ogh] i`- 22oSpkfjd txr Hkh O;kIr gSA

MkW- ohjsUnz iq"id dh nks x+t+ysa gekjs ikl oks vk;s cgkSr gSa A fcN³ ds gels iNrk;s cgkSr gSa AA

dHkh ckrksa ckrksa esa cgyk x;k gS A dHkh vk ds [qokcksa esa r³ik x;k gS AA

cgkSr gS fpyfpykrh /kwi ysfdu A nj[+rksa ds vHkh lk;s cgkSr gSa AA

tgkWa csoQkbZ dk fdLlk fN³k rks A tqckaW ij rsjk uke gh vk x;k gS AA

dgkaW <+w<w+aW eaS tk dj nq’euksa dks A ;gkWa rks esjs gelk;s cgkSr gSa AA

eSa ih dj cgd tkÅWa D;k gS t+:jh A eq>s rks dksbZ vkSj cgdk x;k gS AA

[+kqnk dk gS lgkjk ekurk gwaW A exj eq’kfdy esa ?kcjk;s cgkSr gSa AA

X+kT+ky rsjh lqu ds ;s le>k gS geus A rsjk fny Hkh nqfu;k ls ?kcjk x;k gS AA

lcd+ ^iq”id* fn;k gS fT+kanxh us A Qjsc &,& fT+kanxh [kk;s cgkSr gSa AA

eqgCcr esa ^iq”id* flre yk[k >sys A exj fT+kanxh dk eT+kk vk x;k gS AA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

8

dgkuh

vke vkneh

[kkus dh phtsa ys vkÅ¡xkA* eSaus Hkh ml Åij okys dk 'kqØ euk;k] ftls dHkh fdlh us ugha ns[kk] vkSj dgkuh ds fy;s fo"k;oLrq ryk'k viuh tsc ls vfUre cps lkS ds uksV dks ,sls jgk gwaA vkt ds gkykr~ brus cny x;s gSa fd ns fn;k] tSls eSa Hkh ml uksV ls ihNk NqM+kuk dgkuh ls vc nknk&nknh] ukuk&ukuh dk pkgrk FkkA Loj xk;c gks x;k gSA ik=ksa dh ckr djsa rks eSa ?kj igq¡pk rks NksVh cgw lkeus jktk&jkuh vkSj jk{kl Hkh vc dgha utj ugha ds ,l-rw Q + k u FkhA eS a mls ?kVukØe crkrs gq, lQkbZ nsuk vkrsA vthc lh cspSuh esjs fny esa gS& fdl Hkus M + k pkgrk Fkk] exj cgw Fkh fd oks esjh ckr lquus ij dgkuh fy[kw¡\ fpfdRldksa ij ;k odhyksa ds fy;s ogka #dh gh ughaA mldk ;g O;ogkj ij ;k fQj jktuhfrKksa ijA mQ~Q D;k gks x;k gS esjs efLr"d dks\ dgka pyh x;h gS yxrk gS] vkt rks ;s [kk¡lh tku gh ys ysxhA eq>s vUnj rd daidaik x;kA eka gksrh rks esjh lksp\ dqN Hkh rks le> ugha vk jgk gSA dEc[+r egaxkbZ dh rjg c<+rh gh tk jgh gSA vkapy ls fyiVdj ckr crk nsrk vkSj euk yksVu HkkbZ! ,slk u dgks] pyks ysrkA iRuh gksrh rks mls le>kus esa vf/kd dgkuh fy[kus ds fy;s Hkh] ckj&ckj ogh vke vkneh esjs lkeus [kM+k utj vkrk gS] ftlls MkWDVj ds ;gka pyrs gSa] Bhd gks tkvksxsA* nsj yxuh gh ugha Fkh vkSj csVh rks cspkjh] dHkh ukjkt+ gksrh gh ughaA exj ;g cgw gSA cpus ds fy;s lHkh [kkl Hkjiwj iz;kl djrs eSaus mls fnyklk nsrs gq, dgkA &ugha HkkbZ! vc rks cl] [kkalrs gq, D;k dgw¡ blls\ dqN Hkh rks ugha dg ldkA gSaA pyks vkt bl vke vkneh ij gh dqN fy[krk gw¡A eSa fu.kZ; fd;kA esjk fu.kZ; vVy gh ne fudysxkA* mlus fujk'k gksdj dgk vU;euLd gks cSBd esa igq¡pkA cSBd esa dne gS] pkgs dksbZ Hkh fdruk Hkh eueksgd ykyp rks eSa Hkh ?kcjk x;kA eSaus mlls iwNk& ^rqe j[krs gh ,sls mNyk fd tSls lSdM+ksa dkys ns] eSa dgkuh fy[kus ds lq[k dks x¡okuk ugha ,slk D;ksa dg jgs gks\ nokbZ yksxs rks Bhd gks ukx us ,d lkFk Mad ekjk gksA cSBd esa xjhck flag cSBs FksA mUgksaus eq>s ns[krs gh pkgrkA lksprk gw¡& ugk&/kksdj vkSj fQj tkvksxsA* &yksVu dh vka[kksa ls fdlh >jus dgk& eSa vkt nks fnu igys gh vk x;k HkkbZ] dqN [kkdj gh fy[kus cSBwaxk] rkfd dksbZ vojksèk dh Hkk¡fr vJq/kkjk QwV iM+hA oks jksrs gq, njvly eq>s Hkh t:jr vk iM+h gSA* mRiUu gh uk gksA esjh #g rd dk¡i mBhA bruk rks vHkh eSaus ;g fu.kZ; fy;k gh Fkk cksyk& ^esjs ikl iSlk ugha gS HkkbZ! nokbZ rks eS a dHkh ekS r ls Hkh ugha Mjk] ftruk vkt fd rHkh NksVh cgw us /khjs ls dgk&^firk th! iSls ls gh vkuh gSA* xjhck fla g ls Mj jgk FkkA njvly gqvk ;g yksVu ds nq[k dk dkj.k esjh le> vkt nw/k okyk ugha vk;sxk] gyokbZ dh nqdku esa vk x;k FkkA eSaus fdlh rjg mls laHkkyk fd lqcg gh rks cgw us eq>s rhu lkS #i;s ls nw/k ys vkvksA* cgw ls eSa dqN dgw¡ fd mlls igys vkSj MkWDVj ds fDyfud rd ys x;kA nokbZ xjhck flag dk C;kt vnk djus ds fy;s fn;s gh og iqu% cksyh& ^cPps Hkh Ldwy tkus gSa fnykbZ rks vkjke Hkh gqvkA eSaus viuh tsc ls Fks] tks yksVu dh HksaV p< x;sA vc lksp jgk ilZ fudkydj mldh nokbZ dk fglkc pqdrk gwa fd blls rks yksVu ds ejus dh gh [kcj vkSj vkids fy;s Hkh pk; cukuh gSA* esjs dkuksa esa vkrh] de ls de esjs rhu lkS rks vc ifjokj ds dke esa eSa gkFk dSls fd;kA yksVu dks nokbZ fnykus ds ckn cp tkrsA u caVkÅ¡] yksx rks u tkus dgk¡&dgk¡ gkFk mQ~Q D;k lksp jgk gwa eSa\ ej vkSj tsc caVkrs gSaA lsprk gqvk eSa fudy x;k eq>s ;kn vk;k fd cgw us nw/k eaxk;k gSA gyokbZ dh nqdku ds fy;sA vHkh ?kj ls dne vuk;kl gh vutkus Mj ls Hk;Hkhr gks mBkA tkrk rks cspkjs ds dQ+u dk bUrtke Hkh rks ckgj fudkyk gh Fkk fd eqgYys dk ,d ukStoku Mj bl ckr dk ugha Fkk fd cgw eq>s Hkykcqjk eq>s gh djuk iM+rk] rc rks vkSj Hkh vf/kd NksVu fn[kk;h fn;kA og Hkkxk gqvk esjh vksj dgsxh] cfYd Mj ;g Fkk fd esjk iksrk fcuk [kpZ gksrkA xjhck flag ls fQj C;kt ij jde gh vk jgk FkkA esjs utnhd vkrs gh] m[kM+h nw/k fi;s Ldwy ugha tk;sxkA vthc gkyr Fkh] mBkuh iM+rh] [ksr rks igys gh mlds uke gqbZ lkalksa dks fcuk fu;af=r fd;s] mlus dgk esjh---A esjs dne gyokbZ dh nqdku dh vksj dj pqdk g¡w] vc ?kj Hkh mlds uke djuk &^pkpk th! vki ?kj pfy;s] firk th dh c<+ x;sA eSaus mlls nw/k ekaxk rks mlus eqLdqjkrs iM+rkA ,d ckj fQj eSa cM+cM+k mBk &^gs gq, dgk& ^dgka Fks vkt\ nw/k rks vkidh cgw Hkxoku lyker j[kuk yksVu dksA vPNk gks gkyr cgqr [kjkc gSA* tk;sxk rks esjs rhu lkS Hkh fey tk;saxsA* NksVu dh ckr lqudj eSa fcuk lksps ys x;hA* fnekx+ Hkh D;k pht+ gS \ dgha dk vc D;k dgwa\ u dqN dgrs cu gq, mlds ihNs&ihNs nkSM+ iM+kA njvly NksVu ds firkth yksVu flag dks eSa viuk jgk Fkk vkSj u gh djrsA ?kj tkuk etcwjh Fkh dgha igq¡p tkrk gSA vHkh eSa viuh lkspksa ls cM+k HkkbZ ekurk gw¡A ge nksuks ,d nwljs ds exj vkt chl dne dh nwjh Hkh chl dksl ckgj vk;k Hkh ugha Fkk] fd xjhck flag us iqu% nq%[k&lq[k esa dke vkrs jgs gSaA ,sls esa esjs lh yx jgh FkhA [kSj fdlh ckyd dh rjg dgk& ^ykvks ;kj vc tYnh djks] cgw rks rqEgsa fy;s ,d iy dh Hkh nsjh djuk equkflc ugha x+yrh djus ds ckn Mjrk gqvk ?kj dh vksj ns gh pqdh gSA cM+h Hkyh cgw ik;h gS rqeusA* eSa Fkk fd dHkh ?kj dh pkS[kV dh FkkA ogk¡ igq¡pk rks yksVu cqjh rjg ls [kkal tk gh jgk Fkk fd rHkh NksVu fQj vk x;kA vks j rks dHkh xjhck flag dh vksj ns[k jgk Fkk] jgk FkkA eSaus igqprs gh iwNk& ^D;k ckr gS mls ns[kdj eSa MjkA esjs eqag ls vuk;kl gh exj efLr"d esa yksVu gh clk Fkk ftlus fudyk& Hkxoku djs dqN cqjk uk gqvk gksA* yksVu HkkbZ] brus ijs'kku D;ksa gaS\* yksVu us [ka+klh ij fu;a=.k ikus NksVu us ikl vkdj vkxzgiwoZd dgk & ^pkpk viuh xkjaVh ij xjhck flag ls eq>s C;kt ij dh ukdke dksf'k'k djrs gq, dgk& ^HkkbZ th lkS #i;s vkSj ns nks] firk th ds fy;s dqN jde fnyk;h FkhA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

9

dgkuh

xqykcksa dk ckn”kkg vklikl ds lHkh yksx mls xqykcksa ds ckn'kkg ds :i esa gh tkurs FksA mldk vly uke D;k gS\ vc rks Lo;a mls Hkh Lej.k ugha jgkA eqf'dy ls rhu o"kZ dk jgk gksxk] tc mlds ek¡&cki us mlls lnk ds fy, fonk ys yh FkhA bl Hkjh nqfu;k esa og furkUr vdsyk FkkA mldh mez yxHkx iSalB o”kZ gks pqdh gSA fookg ds vusd çLrkoksa ds ckotwn mlus dqaokjk gh jguk mfpr le>kA eu yxkus ds fy, mlds ikl cM+k lk xqykcksa dk cxhpk gSA dgk tkrk gS fd tc mlds ekrk&firk us mlls fonk yh Fkh] rc og blh cxhps esa FkkA ;g cxhpk ml oä mruk [kwclwjr ugha Fkk] ftruk fd vkt gSA rc O;kf/k;ka Hkh vf/kd Fkha vkSj mlds ekrk&firk bl cxhps dh ns[kHkky Hkh mfpr çdkj ls ugha dj lds FksA iM+ksfl;ksa ds tkuoj bl cxhps esa vkrsA tgk¡ vPNk yxrk eq¡g ekjrs vkSj tgk¡ eu djrk xkscj djrs vkSj fQj pys tkrsA gn rks ;s gks x;h fd ckn esa ,d nks lkaMksa us bl lqUnj cxhps dks viuk vkfl;kuk gh cuk fy;kA xqykcksa ds ckn'kkg ds ekrk&firk bu lkaMksa ls ejrs ne rd vius cxhps dks vktkn ugha djk ldsA vkt xq y kcks a dk ckn'kkg vius cxhps dks lkQ&lqFkjk j[krk gSA D;k etky ,d Hkh iM+kslh tkuoj mlds cxhps esa ?kql vk,A mlds cxhps esa vkt rjg&rjg ds xqykc gSa] tks nwj rd viuh [kq'kcw fc[ksjrs gSaA xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg dgrk gS& ßeSa vius cxhps esa fdlh dks ?kqlus ugha nsrk] vkSj esjs xqykcksa dh [kq'kcw dks dksbZ jksd ugha ikrkAÞ ;g dgrs gq, og dHkh&dHkh xEHkhj Hkh tkrk gSA Le`fr esa [kks;k og dgrk gS& ^^esjs ek¡&cki ds tkus ds ckn ;gk¡ cgqr yksxksa esa vkilh >xM+s gq,A dksbZ bl cxhps esa vius ?kj dk dwM+k Mkyuk pkgrk Fkk] rks dksbZ miys ikFkus ds fy, iFkokjk gh cukuk pkgrk FkkA lc vius&vius rjhds ls dCtkus dk ç;kl dj jgs FksA** crkrs&crkrs og ,dk,d eqLdjk mBrk gSA og vius vki ls loky djrk gS &^^ijUrq gqvk D;k\** fQj vius vki gh tokc Hkh nsrk gS& ^^cckZn gks x;s lcA vkilh >xM+ksa esa dbZ ekjs x;s] tks cps oks vnkyrksa ds pDdj yxk jgs gSaA** xqykcksa dk ;g ckn'kkg vkils ckrsa

xqykcksa ds ckn'kkg ds ekrk&firk bu lkaMksa ls ejrs ne rd vius cxhps dks vktkn ugha djk ldsA vkt xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg vius cxhps dks lkQ&lqFkjk j[krk gSA D;k etky ,d Hkh iM+kslh tkuoj mlds cxhps esa ?kql vk,A mlds cxhps esa vkt rjg&rjg ds xqykc gSa] tks nwj rd viuh [kq'kcw fc[ksjrs gSaA xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg dgrk gS& ßeSa vius cxhps esa fdlh dks ?kqlus ugha nsrk] vkSj esjs xqykcksa dh [kq'kcw dks dksbZ jksd ugha ikrkAÞ djrs&djrs vpkud mBrk gS vkSj tc okfil vkrk gS rks mlds gkFk esa xqykc dh nks pkj ia[kqfM+;k¡ vkSj iÙkksa ds flok dqN ugha gksrkA vki mlls ç'u Hkh ugha dj ik,axs fd og Lo;a gh mÙkj ns nsrk gS& ßcqjk ugha ekfu;s lkgc] eSa ykijokg ugha gw¡ vkSj u gh eq>s vius cxhps esa fdlh çdkj dh xUnxh gh ilUn gSAÞ xqykcksa dk ;g ckn'kkg cM+k gh fofp= tho gSA og xqykcksa dh dVkbZ&NaVkbZ ugha djrk vkSj ,d iÙks dks Hkh tehu ij ugha fxjs jgus nsrkA iÙkksa vkSj ia[kqfM+;ksa dks og ,d xïs esa Mkyrk tkrk gSA ftlesa ;s iÙks vkSj ia[kqfM+;k¡ lM+dj [kkn cu tkrh gSaA og crkrk gS& ßcxhps esa tks iÙks vkSj ia[kqfM+;ka csdkj gks tkrh gSa] eSa muls Hkh dke ysrk gw¡AÞ xqykcksa ds bl ckn'kkg dh fofp=rk rks nsf[k, fd blds 'kjhj dk ,d Hkh fgLlk ,slk ugha gS] tgk¡ dksbZ fu'kku u gksA gj rjQ ls dVk&QVkA vHkh Hkh dbZ vaxks ls [kwu Vid jgk gSA og /kjrh ls dqN feêh mBkrk gS vkSj [kwu fudyus okyh txgksa ij eyrs gq, eqLdqjkrk gSA ßD;k crkÅ¡ lkgc\Þ txg&txg dkaVs pqHk tkrs gSaA** crkrs gq, og xEHkhj gks tkrk gS vkSj iwNrk gS& ßvkidks rks ;gk¡ ds dkaVs ugha pqHks lkgc\Þ vki tokc Hkh ugha ns ikrs fd mlls igys gh og cksy mBsxk& vki ;gk¡ dh [kq'kcw yhft, tukc] ;gk¡ ds dkaVs vkidks ugha pqHksaxsA** xqykc dk Qwy gksrk gh I;kjk gSA mls ns[kdj Hkyk fdldk th ugha yypkrkA cgqr ls O;fä gksrs gSa] tks xqykc ds rkts Qwy dks vius dksV esa yxkus dks viuh 'kku le>rs

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

gSaA cgqr lh ;kSouk,a gksrh gSa] tks xqykc ds Qwy dks vius ds'kksa esa yxkdj çQqfYyr gks mBrh gSaA cPpksa dks ugha irk xqykc D;k gksrk gS] exj mUgsa Hkh xqykc dk Qwy lcls vf/kd fç; gksrk gSA vkt dy rks gky ;s gS fd gj dksbZ xqykc lk fn[kus ds fy, C;wfVikyZj ds /ka/ ks esa pkj pk¡ n yxk jgk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd lkjk lalkj xqykch gks tkus dks rRij gSA bl xqykch cxhps dks ns[kdj tks vkuUn vkrk gSA og vf}rh; gSA ckgjh yksx bl cxhps dh rqyuk esa vusdksa cxhps yxk jgs gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd [kwclwjr jkr dks xqykch jkr vkSj [kwclwjr ekSle dks xqykch ekSle Hkh dgk tkus yxk gSA vaxzstksa us bldh [kwclwjrh dks ns[krs gq, ^fiad* 'kCn fn;k gSA fiad ukbV] fiad dyj] fiad oYMZ vkSj u tkus D;k&D;k\ xqykcksa ds ckn'kkg ds blh cxhps esa fofHkUu çdkj ds xqykc gSaA xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg ckrksa&ckrksa esa crkrk gS& ^^bl cxhps dk gj xqykc vkidks ,d ls c<+dj ,d yxsxkA exj---A** dgrs&dgrs xqykcksa ds ckn'kkg dh tqcku yM+[kM+kus yxrh gSA og pUn iyksa ds ckn fu;af=r gks tkrk gS vkSj fQj fdlh Hk;kud nnZ dks fNikrs gq, eqLdqjkus dk ç;kl djrk gqvk dgrk gS& ßBhd gS] vc vki tkb;s] eq>s cgqr dke djus gSaAÞ eSa bl cxhps esa ?kwedj xqykcksa dks ns[ kuk pkgrk gw¡A ;g ckr dgrs gh og tedj [kM+k gks tkrk gS vkSj –<+rk ds lkFk dgrk gS& ßcl nwj ls gh ns[kuk] dksbZ esjs xqykcksa dks Nwdj ns[ks] ;s eSa lgu ugha dj ikÅaxkAÞ ßth vPNk eSa nwj ls gh ns[kwaxkAÞ lgerh ds lkFk gh og Hkh viuh lgefr ns

10

nsrk gSA

ns[kks] ml xqykc dh lnk t;&t; gksrh gS] vc vki mlds lkFk mlds [kwclwjr vkSj mlds ck;s] oks lQsn okyk xqykc cM+k cxhps esa ?kwe jgs gSaA og ftl iFk ij py gh eerke;h gSA jgk gS mls jktiFk dgrk gSA og crkrk gS] og vius xqykcksa dh rkjhQsa djrk ;gk¡ dk gj iFk esjs jktegy rd tkrk gSA tkrk gS vkSj ns[kus okyk gSjr ls ns[krk gSA xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg cxhps ds chpks&chp rd og çlUufpÙk gks dgrk gS&^^og ns[k jgs gSa >ksiM+h esa jgrk gS] ftls og viuk jktegy vki] dkyk xqykc] eSa mldh tM+ esa çfrfnu dgrk gSA ekaM Mkyrk gw¡A mldk o`{k cM+k gSA bruk og vius xqykcksa dh rkjhQ djrs cM+k fd mlds uhps nks&pkj ckyd Hkh vkjke gq, Fkdrk ughaA mlds bl cxhps esa lEiw.kZ ls [ksy ldrs gSaA vkSj mlh ds cjkcj esa og Hkkjr esa ik;s tkus okys xqykc ekStwn gSaA vHkh yEck lk xqykc] bls eSa jktk dgrk gw¡ A ;g fiNys fnuksa mlus ,d xqykc fons'k ls Hkh fdlh eksckby Vkoj dh rjg yEck yxrk eaxok;k gSA blds ckjs esa og dgrk gS& ^^esjk gSA jktk ds ihNs okyk xqykc cM+k I;kjk gSA ;g xqykc bruk lksg.kk gS fd lHkh ds eu ;g cM+k lq[ k nsrk gSA bruk lq[k tks jkejkt dks eksg ysrk gSA** esa gh feyk gks ldrk gSA ,d vkSj xqykc dh vksj b'kkjk ,dk,d xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg ihNs djrs gq, og crkrk gS& ^^;g xqykc ns[ kks] eqM+rk gS vkSj ,d ikS/ks dh vksj b'kkjk djrs eksVk gS exj bldh ek;k fujkyh gSA tks Hkh gq, dgrk gS&^^;g xqykc deky dk gS] dgk bls ,d ckj ns[k ys] oks bls ckj ckj ns[kuk tkrk gS fd ;s fnxfnxUrj fot;h gSA** crkrs ilan djrk gSA blh ds cjkcj esa ,d vkSj gq, og viuh >kSaiM+h dh vksj c<+rk gSA tgk¡ uje&eqyk;elk xqykc fn[k jgk gS] exj ;g vusdksa NksVs&NksVs xqykcksa ds ikS/ks mx jgs FksA mruk eqyk;e Hkh ugha gS] ftruk fd ns[kus esa ftUgsa ns[kdj xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg xoZ ds yxrk gSA vkSj mlls vkxs oks ihNs okyk] lkFk dgrk gS&^^;s esjs cxhps dk Hkfo"; gSaA**

ckr djrs gq, og >kSaiM+h esa ?kql tkrk gSA ckgj ls [kwclwjr yxus okyh >kSaiM+h vUnj ls cM+h gh vLrO;Lr yx jgh FkhA lHkh lkeku nk;s&ck;s fc[kjk iM+k FkkA çrhr gks jgk Fkk fd ;gk¡ dksbZ naxk&Qlkn gqvk gSA xqykcksa dk ckn'kkg eqLdqjkrk gqvk crkrk gS&^^;gh esjk egy gS] tgk¡ cSBdj eSa vius cxhps dks laokjus dh ;kstuk,a cukrk gw¡A** vki xqykcksa ds ckn'kkg dh ckrsa lqudj vk'p;Z esa iM+ ldrs gSaA dHkh og vke vkneh utj vkrk gS vkSj dHkh cM+k nk'kfuZdA >kSaiM+h dh fo'ks"krk crkrs&crkrs xqykcksa ds ckn”kkg ds gyd ls ph[k fudy iM+rh gS vkSj og ogha tehu ij cSB tkrk gSA mlds nksuks gkFk vius nk;s iSj ds ryos dh vksj c<+rs gSaA mlds ryos esa ,d dkaVk pqHkk FkkA dkaVk cM+k gh dlSyk FkkA og ml dkaVs dks fudkyrk gS vkSj ,d rjQ Qsad nsrk gSA ml LFkku ij dkaVks dk <sj gSA og iqu% eqLdqjkus dk ç;Ru djrs gq, dgrk gS&^^vki rks xqykcksa dh [kq'kcw yhft;s lkgc! dkaVs bl >kSaiM+h dks eqckjdA** & veu dqekj R;kxh

HkksykukFk R;kxh dh ,d dfork

vis{kk rqe e>s [kwu nks& eSa rqEgsa vktknh nwaxk] dk mn~?kks"k vkt cny x;k gS]A yksdrU= esa [kqysvke& f/kDdkj ,ao Fkw&Fkw gks jgh gS] csapkjk ernkrk@viuh fu;fr ns[k

flgj jgk gS] rqe gesa oksV nks& ge rqEgkjk [kwu fi;saxs] dh Hkkouk fy;s] oksVksa ds [kwa[kokj f'kdkjh O;Lr gSa] ?kkr yxkus esa vkSj ^lR;Ek* ds ^vlR;*& lkeus gSa] rFkkdfFkr cqf)thfo dk fparu] Hkw[ kk fcyfcyk jgk gS] csfld f'k{kk iksfy;ks xzLr gS ,oa mPp f'k{kk& ykyk dh frtksfj;ksa esa 'kh"kkZlu dj jgh gS f'k{k.k lLaFkku@ O;olkf;d ifjlj esa& cny pqds gSa& eapks ls e/kqj Loj esa xquxquk;s tkrs 'kCn] dfork eku fy;s tkrs gSa tcfd ^dfork*

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

xkao ds th.kZ&{kh.kZ fo|ky; esa feM&Ms&ehy viuh Fkkyh esa latks;s nfy;s vkSj f[kpM+h esa frjrs dhMs chu jgh gS] vkSj ;g dhMs@lkjh O;oLFkk esa fxtfctk jgs gS lfB;k;s yksdrU= dh ;g& miyfC/k&] xoZ dk fo"k; gS@vFkok 'keZ dk blesa my>h usrkth lqHkk"k dh Hkkouk dk phRdkj] cgjs gks pqds dkuksa rd ;fn lqukbZ ns ldk& rks vkt dk fnu lkFkZd gksxk] vU;Fkk@dfork rks iwoZä Hkw[kh gh lks tk;sxh viuh fujk'kk ds lkFk & HkksykukFk R;kxh fctukSj

11

Le`fr

lkfgR; l`tu dfo us ugVkSj esa f'k{kk izkfIr ds le; gh jpuk/kfeZrk dk fuokZg izkjEHk dj fn;k FkkA ;gk¡ dfo us fof/kor dfork&ys[ku] dfork dh ik.Mqfyfi rS;kj dj pankSlh esa f'k{kk ds nkSjku vafre :i fn;kA leiZ.k Fkk Nk;koknh dfo lqfe=kuanu iar dksA dfo us iar dks nzks.kkpk;Z vkSj Lo;a dks ,dyO; ekukA dfo us viuk mi uke ^ijns'kh* j[kkA fookg ds le; fueU=.k&i= ij Hkh nq";Ur dqekj R;kxh ^ijns'kh* Niok;k x;kA tc dfo mPp f'k{kk ds fy;s bykgkckn igq¡ps rc ogk¡ mUgsa deys'oj vkSj ekdZ.Ms; tSls vfHkUu fe= feysA frdM+h cuh rks ^f='kwy* uke ls izflf) izkIr gksrs nsj ugha yxhA ;gha ls rhuksa us feydj ekfld if=dk ^fogku* dk izdk'ku izkjEHk fd;kA d`f rRo nq";Ur dqekj ds ys[ku dk izkjEHk 1945 ls gh gks x;k FkkA izkjEHk dfork ls fd;k vkSj ckn esa dgkuh Hkh fy[kus yxsA izkjEHk esa dfo&lEesyuksa ds fy;s eaph; dfork,a fy[kha ijUrq 'kh?kz gh lkfgfR;d xhrksa vkSj dHkh&dHkh x+t+y dh jpuk Hkh djus yxsA 1949 esa dforkvksa dh ik.Mqfyfi rS;kj gks x;h FkhA 1954&55 esa gSnjkckn ls izdkf'kr dYiuk if=dk ¼tuojh 1955½ esa ubZ dgkuh % ijEijk vkSj iz;ksx* 'kh"kZd ,sfrgkfld vkykspuk dk izdk'ku gqvkA 1956&57 esa ^lw;Z dk Lokxr* uked 'kh"kZd ls dforkvksa dk lap;u vkSj izdk'ku gqvkA blls igys vusd i=&if=dkvksa&izrhd] fud"k] ladsr] ubZ dfork vkfn esa izdk'ku gks pqdk FkkA ^vkoktksa+ ds ?ksjs* ¼dfork laxzg½ 1963 esa izdkf'kr gqbZA 1964 esa ^,d d.B fo"kik;h* ¼dkO;&ukVd½ izdkf'kr gqvkA ^NksVs&NksVs loky* 1964 esa vkSj ^vkaxu esa ,d o`{k* 1970 esa 'kh"kZd ls miU;kl izdkf'kr gq,A 1973 esa dforkvksa dk rhljk laxzg ^tyrs gq, ou dk olUr* 'kh"kZd ls izdkf'kr gqvkA vfUre fdUrq lokZf/kd yksdfiz;rk izkIr djus okyh d`fr ^lk;s esa èkwi* jghA 1975 esa ,sfrgkfld x+t+y laxzg ^lk;s esa /kwi* uke ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;kA

x+t+y dk uk;d nq";ar dqekj nq";Ur dqekj dk tUe mÙkj izns'k esa tuin fctukSj ds xzke jktiqj uoknk ds tehankj ifjokj esa 1 flrEcj 1933 dks gqvk FkkA vkidh ekrk th dk uke Jherh jke fd'kksjh nsoh ,oa firk dk uke pkS/kjh Hkxor lgk; FkkA dfo dh izkjfEHkd f'k{kk xk¡o dh gh ikB'kkyk esa gqbZA 1948 esa dfo us ,l-,u-,l,e- gkbZ Ldwy ugVkSj tuin fctukSj ls nloha d{kk ikl dj 1950 esa pankSlh] eqjknkckn ds ,l-,e- dkWyst ls b.VjfefM,V fd;kA 1950&54 rd dfo us bykgkckn fo'ofo|ky; dk Nk= jgrs gq, ch-,- vkSj fgUnh lkfgR; ls ,e-,- fd;kA 1957&58 esa dfo us eqjknkckn ls ch,M- fd;kA pUnkSlh esa 30 uoacj 1949 dks jkts'ojh dkSf'kd ls dfo dk fookg lEiUu gqvkA dfo us loZ izFke tuin fctukSj ds dLck fdjriqj esas ukSdjh dhA dfo us ;gk¡ ,d fo|ky; esa v/;kidh dhA ;gk¡ v/;kidh djus ds ckn gh eqjknkckn ls ch-,M- fd;kA rRi'pkr vkdk'kok.kh fnYyh ds fgUnh okrkZ&foHkkx esa fLØIV jkbVj ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA 1960 ds vafre fnuksa esa dfo LFkkukUrj.k ikdj Hkksiky igq¡psA dfo us e/; izns'k ds laLd`r lapkyuky; ds vUrxZr Hkk"kk&foHkkx ds lgk;d lapkyd in ij fu;qfDr ik;hA dfo us dqN le; ds fy;s vkfne tkfr tudY;k.k foHkkx dh izfruf;qfDr;ksa ds vfrfjDr 'ks"k le; 30 fnlacj 1975 rd blh Hkk"kk&foHkkx esa fcrk;kA

vfHkuUnu ds fojks/kh Fks nq";Ur O;fDrxr :i esa eSa bu vfHkuanuksa ds f[k+ykQ+ gw¡A ,d rks blfy, fd ys[kd dks viuh ihB ij Hkjld dksbZ ,slk vglkl ugha yknuk pkfg, tks mldh Lora=rk esa ck/kd cus] vkSj nwljs blfy, fd blls ys[kd dks ,d oxZ ds :i esa nwljs oxksZa ij rjthg feyrh gS tks fd ,d x+yr ckr gSA vkf[k+j D;ksa 'kklu ml DydZ dk vfHkuanu u djs ftlus vius thou ds rhl vewY; o"kZ cM+h fu"BkiwoZd mu Qkbyksa esa >kSad fn, ftuls dksbZ ikfjokfjd fj'rk ugha FkkA blh izdkj lqukj] c<+bZ] eksph] et+nwj vkSj esgrj] gjsd dh viuh ,d egÙoiw.k lkekftd Hkwfedk gSA vkf[k+j mudk vfHkuanu D;ksa ugha gksrk\ fQj ys[kd esa ,sls dkSu&ls lq[+kkZc ds ij yxs gSa fd vke vkneh ls vyx gS\ D;ksa og 'kkldh; vkSj lkoZtfud lEeku dh dYiuk djrk gS\ D;ksa og jkT;ikyksa ;k eaf=;ksa dh ifjp; ifjf/k esa vkuk pkgrk gS\ ¼eSaus rks fdlh jkT;iky dks fdlh ys[kd ds lkfUu/; dh bPNk djrs gq, ugha ns[kk½ D;ksa og pkgrk gS fd lÙkk/kkjh mldh ys[kuh ls ifjfpr gksa vkSj mlls lkekU; yksxksa dh vis{kk fHkUu izdkj dk O;ogkj djsa\ vkf[kj ys[kd Hkh rks rks

izksQs+lj] odhy] fp=dkj vkSj ewfrZdkj vkfn dh rjg gh ,d oxZ gS vkSj bl O;kolkf;d ;qx esa mUgha dh rjg vius <ax ls viuk isV ikyrk gSA vycÙkk mls ;g vfrfjDr lqfo/kk t+:j izkIr gS fd og vius FkksFks vkSj ?kfV;k ls ?kfV;k vge~ dks Hkh 'kkunkj vfHkO;fDr ns ldrk gSA fiVdj vkus ds ckn og tks'khyh dfork,¡ fy[k ldrk gS ;k vius ikS:"k vkSj cy dk c[kku dj ldrk gSA loZ= mis{kk lgdj Hkh og f'keyk le>kSrs esa esjk fouez ;ksxnku* tSlk fuca/k fy[k ldrk gS ;k Mkdqvksa ds leiZ.k dk Js; viuh dYiuk esa ywV ldrk gSA og ,d ys[k esa nl ckj viuk uke B¡wl ldrk gS vkSj ml cfu, dh [+kcj Hkh ys ldrk gS tks mlds ?kj jkst+ iSlksa dk rdkt+k djus vkrk gSA vki ys[kd ds ukrs vius ^eSa* dks >qu>qus dh rjg ctkrs gSa] fe=ksa dh iz'kalk vkSj 'k=qvksa dh fuank djrs gSa] lkfgR; ds uke ij fny dh HkM+kl fudkyrs gSa] fe=ksa dh iz'kalk vkSj 'k=qvksa dh fuank djrs gSa] lkfgR; ds uke ij fny dh HkM+kl fudkyrs gSa vkS ;g Hkh vk'kk djrs gSa fd nqfu;ka vkidks iwts] yksx vkidks pkgsa] 'kklu vkidks ekU;rk nsA

uksV& nq";Ur dqekj ij ,d= dh x;h lkexzh ds fy;s ge if=dk ^orZeku lkfgR;*] vUrtkZy o mu lHkh yksxksa dk vkHkkj izdV djrs gSa ftuds dkj.k izLrqr tkudkjh miyC/k gks ldh gSA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

12

nq";Ur dqekj —r ^^lk;s esa /kwi** fgUnh esa vk/kqfud x+t+y dk lcls vf/kd egÙoiw.kZ uke nq";Ur gh gSA ;g lgh gS] nq";Ur ds ckn fgUnh&x+t+y dkQ+h vkxs c<+h] dyk vkSj vfHkO;fDr nksuksa Lrjksa ij bldk mYys[kuh; fodkl gqvk] fdUrq tks [;kfr ,oa yksdfiz;rk nq";Ur dks izkIr gqbZ] og rks vf}fr; gh gSA fgUnh esa x+t+ydkjksa us vPNs ls vPNk fy[kus dk iz;kl fd;k] fdarq dksbZ Hkh nq";Urdks Nw ugha ldk gSA lp ;gh gS fd nq";Ur igys ,sls x+t+ydkj gSa] ftUgksaus x+t+y dks fgUnh esa LFkkfir djus dk lQy iz;kl fd;kA bl izdkj dgk tk ldrk gS fgd x+t+y dh yksdfiz;rk dk izkjaHk nq";Ur us gh fd;kA fgUnh lkfgR; esa vkt x+t+y dh ped gSA fujUrj x+t+y&laxzg Ni jgs gSaA i=&if=dkvksa esa x+t+y [kwc ut+j vk jgh gSA Hkwfedk Hkkx esa nq";Ur Lohdkjrss gSa& eSa Lohdkj djrk gw¡ & fd x+t+yksa dks Hkwfedk dh t:jr ugha gksuh pkfg,] ysfdu ,d dSfQ+;r budh Hkk"kk ds ckjs esa t:jh gSA dqN mnwZ&nk¡ nksLrksa us dqN mnwZ 'kCnksa ds iz;ksx ij ,rjkt fd;k gSA mudk dguk gS fd 'kCn ß'kgjÞ ugha ^'kà* gksrk gS] ^ot+u* ugha ^oT+u* gksrk gSA & fd eSa mnwZ ugha tkurk ysfdu bu 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx ;gk¡ vKkurko'k ugha] tkucw>dj fd;k x;k gSA ;g dksbZ eqf'dy dke ugha Fkk fd ^'kgj* dh txg ^uxj* fy[kdj bl nks"k ls eqfä ik yw¡] fdUrq eSaus mnwZ 'kCnksa dks ml :i esa bLrseky fd;k gS] ftl :i esa esa os fgUnh esa ?kqy fey x, gSaA mnwZ dk ^'kgu* fgUnh esa ^'kgj* fy[kk vkSj cksyk tkrk gS( Bhd mlh rjg tSls fgUnh dk ^czkã.k* mnwZ esa ^fcjgeu* gks x;k gS vkSj ^_rq* ^#r* gks xbZ gSA & fd mnwZ vkSj fgUnh vius&vius flagklu ls mrjdj tc vke vkneh ds ikl vkrh gSa rks muesa Q+dZ dj ikuk cM+k eqf'dy gksrk gSA esjh uh;r vkSj dksf'k'k ;g jgh gS fd bu nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa dks T+;knk ls T+;knk djhc yk ldw¡A blfy, ;s x+t+ysa ml Hkk"kk esa dgh xbZ gSa] ftl eSa cksyrk gw¡A & fd x+t+y fd fo/kk ,d cgqr iqjkuh] fdUrq l'kä fo/kk gS] ftlesa cM+s&cM+s mnwZ egkjfFk;ksa us dkO;&jpuk dh gSA fgUnh esa Hkh egkdfo fujkyk ls ysdj vkt ds xhrdkjksa vkSj u, dfo;ksa rd vusd dfo;ksa us bl foèkk dks vktek;k gSA ijUrq viuh

lkeF;Z vkSj lhekvksa dks tkuus ds ckotwn bl foèkk esa mrjrs gq, eq>s vkt Hkh ladksp rks gS] ij mruk ugha ftruk gksuk pkfg, FkkA 'kk;n bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd i=&if=dkvksa esa bl laxzg dh dqN x+t+ysa i<+dj vkSj lqudj fofHké oknksa] :fp;ksa vkSj oxksZa dh l`tu'khy izfrHkkvksa us vius i=ksa eUrO;ksa ,oa fVIif.k;ksa ls eq>s ,d lq[kn vkRe&fo'okl fn;k gSA bl ukrs eSa mu lcdk vR;Ur vkHkkjh gw¡A &----- vkSj deys' oj! og bl vQ+lkusa esa u gksrk rks ;s flyflyk 'kk;n ;gk¡ rd u vk ikrkA eSa rks& gkFkksa esa vaxkjksa dks fy;s lksp jgk Fkk] dksbZ eq>s vaxkjksa dh rklhj crk,A fgUnh esa vk/kqfud x+t+y dk lcls vf/kd egÙoiw.kZ uke nq";Ur gh gSA ;g lgh gS] nq";Ur ds ckn fgUnh&x+t+y dkQ+h vkxs c<+h] dyk vkSj vfHkO;fDr nksuksa Lrjksa ij bldk mYys[kuh; fodkl gqvk] fdUrq tks [;kfr ,oa yksdfiz;rk nq";Ur dks izkIr gqbZ] og rks vf}fr; gh gSA fgUnh esa x+t+ydkjksa us vPNs ls vPNk fy[kus dk iz;kl fd;k] fdarq dksbZ Hkh nq";Urdks Nw ugha ldk gSA lp ;gh gS fd nq";Ur igys ,sls x+t+ydkj gSa] ftUgksaus x+t+y dks fgUnh esa LFkkfir djus dk lQy iz;kl fd;kA bl izdkj dgk tk ldrk gS fgd x+t+y dh yksdfiz;rk dk izkjaHk nq";Ur us gh fd;kA fgUnh lkfgR; esa vkt x+t+y dh ped gSA fujUrj x+t+y&laxzg Ni jgs gSaA i=&if=dkvksa esa x+t+y [kwc ut+j vk jgh gSA dfo&lEesyuksa esa x+t+y us /kwe epk j[kh gSA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

^^bl vikj yksdfiz;rk ds ewy dkj.kksa dh [kkst dh tk, rks nq";Ur dk uke vkSj dke vo'; ut+j vk,xkA ysfdu os dkSu&ls dkj.k gSa] ftuds jgrs nq";Ur ,d x+t+ydkj ds :i esa Lo;a dks LFkkfir dj lds vkSj yksdfiz;rk ds f'k[kj ij igq¡pdj x+t+y&lezkV dh mikfèk ls lEekfur gks ldsA oLrqr% nq";Ur us ,d vksj rks x+t+y dks vius ;qx dh /kM+duksa ls tksM+k rks nwljh vksj mls vfHkO;fDr dh og uohurk nh] tks fgUnh ds fy, furkar pkSadk nsus okyh FkhA lkfgR; esa vankts+&c;k¡ ;k ckr dgus dh O;fDrxr 'kSyh] vfHkO;fDr dk vuks[kk vkSj fujkyk <ax tks peRdkj dj fn[kkrk gS] og dsoy 'kCnksa ds }kjk laHko ugha gksrkA D;ksafd 'kCn rks izk;% ogh gksrs gSa] ftudk iz;ksx vius&vius <ax ls gj lkfgR;dkj djrk gS] fdarq d+ye dk /kuh dykdkj bu 'kCnksa ds iz;ksx dk ,d u;k vkSj lcls vuks[kk vankt+ xzg.k djrk gS vkSj mu ij vius dykRed O;fDrRo dh xgjh Nki NksM+ tkrk gS vkSj bl izdkj og Lo;a vius&vkidks vkSj vius lkfgR; nksuksa dks vej dj tkrk gSA uohurk 'kCnksa esa ugha] 'kCnksa ds iz;ksx djus ds <ax esa gksrh gS] lksp esa vkSj fopkj esa gksrh gSA nq";Ur ds dkO; esa 'kCnksa ds iz;ksx vkSj lksp nksuksa gh esa vlk/kkj.k uohurk Fkh] blfy, mudh vkokt+ us fgUnh ds fo'kky {ks= esa QSys gq, vufxur ikBdksa dks pkSadk;k vkSj izHkkfor fd;kA** ^^;g lgh gS fd fgUnh ds loZizFke LFkkfir x+t+ydkj nq" ;Ur dh x+t+yksa esa

13

O;kdj.k&lac/kh dqN nks"k vo'; gSa] fQj Hkh nq";Ur ds egÙo vkSj egkurk esa dksbZ deh ugha vk ldrhA x+t+y ds izkjfEHkd nkSj esa og u gksrs] dksbZ vkSj gksrk] rc Hkh bl rjg ds nks"k dk jg tkuk laHko Fkk] D;ksafd rc rd u rks fgUnhHkk"kh x+t+y dh laLd`fr ls iwjh rjg tqM+ ik, Fks] u mUgsa x+t+y dh ifjiw.kZ tkudkjh gh FkhA ,slh fLFkfr esa nq";Ur us tks dk;Z dj fn[kk;k] og egÙoiw.k gSA ;|fi vkt Hkh fgUnh&x+t+ydkjksa dks x+t+y dh fo/kkxr tkudkjh larks"ktud ek=k esa ugha gS] fQj Hkh dbZ x+t+ydkj ,sls gSa] ftUgksaus x+t+y dks cM+h gn rd le>k gS vkSJ os vPNh x+t+ysa dg jgs gSaA ysfdu izsj.kk dk lcls cM+k vkSj lcls igyk lzksr nq";Ur dh vkokt+ vkSj mudk ygtk gh gSA muds x+t+y&laxzg ^lk;s esa /kwi* ds vc rd fdrus gh laLdj.k Ni pqds gSaA vkt Hkh x+t+y&izsfe;ksa dks nq";Ur ds ftrus ^v'kvkj* daBLFk gSa] 'kk;n gh fdlh nwljs x+t+ydkj ds gksaA bldk dkj.k gS fd nq";Ur dh vkokt+] muds ygts vkSj vankt+ esa tks u;kiu rFkk vkd"kZ.k gS] mlesa tks izHkko vkSj rsoj gS] og fdlh vkSj esa mruk ugha gSA** nq";Ur dh lcls cM+h fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd mUgksaus vius le; ds lkekftd ,oa jktuhfrd fo"k;ksa dks viuh x+t+y dk fo"k; cuk;kA mUgksaus x+t+y ds Lo:i dks NsM+k ugha cfYd mls T;ksa dk R;ksa viuk fy;kA Hkk"kk vkSj fo"k; ij mudk tknw py fudykA nq";Ur us ftUk fo"k;ksa dks pquk mUgsa Hkjiwj vfHkO;fDr nhA nq";Ur dh x+t+y ds v'kvkj lkekftd ;k jktuhfrd nLrkost+ gh cudj ugha jgs cfYd x+t+y dh dykRedrk dk mnkgj.k cu x;sA xw¡xs fudy iM+s gSa] tck¡ dh ryk'k esa] ljdkj ds f[+kykQ ;s lkft+'k rks nsf[k,A mudh vihy gS fd mUgsa ge ilan djsa] pkdw ls ilfy;ksa dh xqt+kfj'k rks nsf[k,A Li"V gks tkrk gS fd mDr nksuksa 'ksj rRdkyhu jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh i`"BHkwfe esa dgs x, gSaA bu 'ksjksa dks ns[ksa& og vkneh ugha gS] eqdEey c;ku gS] ekFks is mlds pksV dk xgjk fu'kku gSA fQlys tks bl txg rks yq<drs pys x,] gedks irkugha Fkk fd bruk <yku gSA ^ekFks dh pksV* okys vkneh dks ^eqdEey c;ku* crkdj nq";Ur us Lo;a dqN u dgrs gq, lc dqN dg fn;k gSA nq";Ur

ekFks dh pksV okys vkneh dh rjQ+ dsoy b'kkjk djrs gSa vkSj mls ^eqdEey c;ku* crkdj Lo;a nwj tkdj [kM+s gks tkrs gSaA nwljs 'ksj ls le> esa vk tkrk gS fd Å¡pkb;ksa ij ys tkus dh ckr djus okyksa us fdl izdkj vke vkneh dks ,slh jkg ij / kdsy fn;k gS] tgk¡ ,slk <yku gS fd vkneh [kM+k gks rks vkxs eq¡g ds cy fxj tkus dk [k+rjk fn[kk;h ns tkrk gSA nq";Ur us c[kwch izrhdksa dks ls viuh ckr dgh gSA bu 'ksjksa dks ns[ksa& leqnz vkSj mBk] vkSj mBk] vkSj mBk] fdlh ds okLrs ;s pk¡nuh ccky gqbZA mUgsa irk Hkh ugha gS fd muds ik¡oksa ls] oks [kw¡ cgk gS fd ;s xnZ Hkh xqyky gqbZA nksuksa 'ksj x+t+ydkj dh dykdkjh dk vn~Hkqr mnkgj.k gSaA ;gk¡ leqnz vkSj pk¡nuh tSls izrhdksa ls fo'ks"k izdkj dh dykRedrk mRiUu gks xbZ gSA prqnZ'kh dh jkr esa leqnz esa Tokj vkrk gS vkSj leqnz mQuus yxrk gSA dfo dgus esa lQy gqvk gS fd vktknh ds ckn Hkkjr esa tks jktuhfrd mQku vk;k gS oks Lora=rk ds dkj.k gh vk;k gS A dfo blh Lora=rk dks ;gk¡ pkanuh ekurk gSA nwljs 'ksj esa dfo us Hk;adj deky dj fn[kk;k gSA ik¡oksa ls cgus okys [kwu us feV~Vh dks Hkh xqyky dk :i ns fn;k gSA ;g ckr nq";Ur us mu ykskxksa ds fy, dgh gS tks fnuHkj esgur&etnwjh dj isV Hkjus dk iz;kl djrs gSaA bl ,d 'ksj us Hkkjrh; x+jhch ds gkykrksa ij djkjk izgkj Hkh fd;k gSA nq";Ur ds fy, gj vkneh dk viuk nnZ FkkA mudk ;g 'ksj ns[ksa& vkt esjk lkFk nks] oSls eq>s ekywe gS] iRFkjksa esa ph[+k gjfxt+ dkjxj gksxh ughaA gkykafd dqN fo}ku bu nksu ksa iafDr;ksa esa dky nks"k¼igyh iafDr orZeku vkSj nwljh Hkfo"; esa½ ekurs gSaA feFkdksa dks rksM+uk vkSj dykRedrk ds lkFk vius ckr dgus esa nq";Ur dks tSls egkjr gkafly FkhA lqHkk"k pUn cksl dgrs gSa ^rqe eq>s [kwu nks eSa rqEgsa vktknh nwaxk*A lqHkk"k tkurs Fks fd [kwu ds cnys vktknh vo'; fey tk,sxhA ;gk¡ nq";Ur Hkh tkurs gSa fd yksx vxj lkFk nsa rks mUgsa muds vf/kdkj fey gh tk,axs fdUrq lkFk gh og ;g Hkh tkurs gSa fd Hkfo"; dks laokjus ds fy, vkt dksbZ Hkh lkFk nsus okyk ugha gSA nq" ;Ur ;FkkZFk dks thrs FksA oks lkekftd fLFkfr dks fnu c fnu [k+jkc gks rs ns[k jgs Fks& gkykrs&ftLe] lwjrs&tk¡ vkSj Hkh [k+jkc]

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

pkjksa rjQ+ [k+jkc] ;gk¡ vkSj Hkh [+kjkcA ;gh ugha oks vkradh xfrfo/k;ksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj dgrs gSa& lSj ds okLrs lM+dksa is fudy vkrs Fks] vc rks vkdk'k ls iFkjko dk Mj yxrk gSA tks yksx tkucw>dj csodwQ+ cus jgrs gSa ;k cuus dk ukVd djrs gSaA mu yksxksa ds fy, nq";Ur us D;k [kwc dgk gS& esys esa HkVds gksrs rks dksbZ ?kj igq¡pk tkrk] ge ?kjksa esa HkVds gSa] dSls BkSj&fBdkus vk,¡xsA nq";Ur vk'kkoknh dfo Fks vkSj yksxksa dks Hkh vk'kkoknh cuus dh izsj.kk nsrs Fks& flQ+Z gaxkek [kM+k djuk esjk edln ugha] esjh dksf'k'k gS fd ;s lwjr cnyuh pkfg,A esjs lhus esa ugha rks rsjs lhus esa lgh] gks dgha Hkh vkx] ysfdu vkx tyuh pkfg,A ns[ ksa nq" ;Ur dh dqN x+t+ysa& dgk¡ rks r; Fkk fpjkxk¡ gjsd ?kj ds fy,] dgk¡ fpjkx+ e;Llj ugha 'kgj ds fy,A ;gk¡ nj[+rksa ds lk;s esa /kwi yxrh gS] pyks ;gk¡ ls pysa vkSj mez Hkj ds fy,A u gks deht+ rks ik¡oksa ls isV <¡d ysaxs] ;s yksx fdrus equkflc gSa] bl lQ+j ds fy,A [kqnk ugha] u lgh] vkneh dk [+okc lgh] dksbZ glhu ut+kjk rks gS ut+j ds fy,A rsjk fut+ke gS fly ns t+qcku 'kk;j dh] ;s ,gfr;kr t+:jh gS bl cgj ds fy,A ft,¡ rks vius cx+hps esa xqyeksgj ds rys] ejsa rks x+Sj dh xfy;ksa esa xqyeksgj ds fy,A dSls eatj lkeus vkus yxs gSa] xkkrs&xkrs yksx fpYykus yxs gSaA vc rks bl rkykc dk ikuh cny nks] ;s d¡oy ds Qwy dqEgykus yxs gSaA ,d d+fczLrku esa ?kj fey jgk gS] ftlesa rg[+kkuksa ls rg[+kkus yxs gSaA ekSyoh ls M¡V [kkdj vgys ed+rc] fQj mlh vk;r dks nksgjkus yxs gSaA ;s lkjk ftLe >qddj cks> ls nqgjk gqvk gksxk] eSa ltns esa ugha Fkk] vkidks /kks[kk gqvk gksxkA ;gk¡ rd vkrs&vkrs lw[k tkrh gSa dbZ ufn;k¡] eq>s ekywe gS ikuh dgk¡ Bgjk gqvk gksxkA x+t+c ;s gS fd viuh ekSr dh vkgV ugha lqurs] oks lc&ds&lc ijh'kk¡ gSa ogk¡ ij D;k gqvk gksxkA

14

nq";Ur dqekj d`r vU; d`fr;ka

,d daB fo"kik;h ¼dkO; ukVd½ nq";Ur d`r ,d daB fo"kik;h ,d dkO; ukVd gSA ftlesa orZeku ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks cM+h gh ljyrk ds lkFk mdsjk x;k gSA nsoÙo vkSj vkn'kksZa dk ifj/kku vks<+ eSus D;k ik;k----\ fuokZlu! izs;lh fo;ksx!! gj ijaijk ds ejus dk fo"k eq>s feyk gj lw=ikr dk Js; ys x;s yksxA eSa Åc pqdk g¡ bl efgek&eafMr Ny ls----A ,d daB fo"kik;h dh ;s iafDr;k¡ D;k bl ckr dh vksj b'kkjk ugha djrh fd lg jkLrs ij pyus okys vkt ds mu leLr yksxksa ds fy,] ftUgsa ix&ix ij oSlh gh vogsyuk >syuh iM+ jgh gS\ D;ksafd vkt rks gj dne ij f'kÙo frjLd`r gks jgk gS] U;k; dh vogsyuk gks jgh gSA ;ksX;rk dh iwN ughaA dkfcyksa o muds dSfj;j dh fueZe gR;k gks jgh gSA mUgsa fey jgk gS& fuokZlu o thou dk t+gj vkSj v;ksX;ksa dks vU;k; dkj.kksa ls fey jgk gS&lÙkk] lEeku o lq[k----lc dqNA

tyrs gq, ou dk olUr ¼dkO; laxzg½ nq";Ur dqekj vke vkneh ds dfo FksA rHkh rks mUgksaus iqLrd dh Hkwfedk esa fy[kk&

^;s dfork,¡ blh gn rd esjh gSa fd eSaus bUgsa fy[kk vkSj Hkksxk gSA ;fn vkidks buesa igpkuk&lk Loj] vkReh;&lh Hkk"kk vkSj viuh&lh ckr ut+j vk, rks ;g esjh lQyrk gSA* dfo Lohdkj djrk gS fd ^esjs ikl dforkvksa ds eq[kkSVs ugha gSaA varjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk,¡ ugha gSa vkSj vtuch 'kCnksa dk fyckl ugha gSA eSa ,d lk/kkj.k vkneh dh ihM+k] mÙkstuk] ncko] vHkko vkSj mlds laca/kksa ds my>koksa dks thrk vkSj O;Dr djrk gw¡A dfo nq";Ur us fdlh dks pkSadkus ;k fdlh peRdkj ds fy, dfork ugha fy[khA dfork dks ifjHkkf"kr djrs gq, nq";Ur Lohdkjrs gSa&^eSa dfork dks pkSadkus ;k vkrafdr djus ds fy, bLrseky ugha djrk] xks fd ,slk djds yksxksa dk /;ku viuh vksj [khapk tk ldrk gSA ijarq dfork ls dsoy ;g vis{kk] fdruh de gSA eSa tkurk gw¡ fd vglkl ds vusd Lrjksa dks phjrh gqbZ] O;fDrRo ds Hkhrj nwj rd mrj tkus okyh pht+] dfork gksrh gSA mls bruh NksVh Hkwfedk ugha nh tk ldrhA lekt vkSj O;fDr ds lUnHkZ esa mldk nkf;Ro] blls cgqr cM+k gSA* dfo dgrk gS&^dfork ;kruk ls iSnk gksrh gSA* ^tyrs gq, ou dk olar* dfo dh dforkvksa dk rhljk laxzg gSA ftlesa voxkgu lfgr dqy 45 dfork,¡ gSaA laxzg dks rhu [k.Mksa esa ckaVk x;k gSA igys [k.M dks dfo us bfrgkl&cks/k uke fn;k gS vkSj ;g [k.M 'kkuh ds uke gSA blesa nl dfork,¡ gSa ftuesa

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

;ksx&la;ksx] ;k=kuqHkwfr]miØe ,d lQ+j ij] ijorhZ&izHkko] 'kxqu&'kadk] lqcg % lekpkj&i= ds le;]vkRekyki]vfLr&cks/k vkSj olar vk x;k 'kkfey dh x;h gSaA nwljs [k.M dks ns'k&izse dk uke fn;k x;k gSA ;g [k.M lR;su ds uke gSA blesa ns'k&izse] bZ'oj dks lwyh] fpark] ns'k] turk] ekSle] rqyuk] ;q) vkSj ;q)&fojke ds chp] ea=h dh eSuk] loky] ,d pquko&ifj.kke] dgk¡ ls 'kq: djsa ;k=k] vkSj xkrs&xkrs dqy 13 dfork,¡ gSaA rhljs [k.M dks pØokr uke fn;k x;k gSA ;g [k.M jekdkar ds uke gSA blesa ,d 'kke dh eu%fLFkfr] o"ksZa ckn] izrhfr] xhr o"kkZ] LofLrd {k.k] ,d fuea=.k dk mÙkj] igq¡p] fonk] fonk ds ckn % izrh{kk] ,d tUe fnu ij] ;g lkgl] ,d lkE;] ,d vkSj izlax] lk¡ > % ,d fonk&n`';] l`f"V dh vk;kstuk] ,d le>kSrk] gkaBksa ds uhps fQj] xhr] esjs LoIu] vkSj rq>s dSls Hkwy tkÅ¡ dqy 21 dfork,¡ gSaA vkaxu esa ,d o`{k ¼miU;kl½ nq";Ur dqekj us cgqr dqN fy[kk ij ftu vPNh d`fr;ksa ls muds jpukRed oSHko dk irk pyrk gS] ;g miU;kl muesa ls ,d gSA miU;kl esa ,d lkeUrh ifjokj vkSj mlds ifjos'k dk fp=.k gSA lkeUr t+ehu vkSj mlls feyus okyh nkSyr dks dCts esa j[kus ds fy, u dsoy x+jhc fdlkuksa] vius

15

ukSdj&pkdjksa vkSj fL=;ksa dk 'kks"k.k vkSj mRihM+u djrk gS] cfYd Lo;a dks vkSj ftUgsa og I;kj djrk gS] mUgsa Hkh cckZnh dh rjQ Bsyrk gS] bldk ;gk¡ ekfeZd fp=.k fd;k x;k gSA miU;kl cM+h f'kn~nr ls fn[kkrk gS fd vUrr% lkeUr Hkh euq"; gh gksrk gS vkSj mldh Hkh viuh ekuoh; ihM+k,¡ gksrh gSa] ij vius oxhZ; LokFkZ vkSj 'kks"kdh; :rcs dks cuk, j[kus dh dksf'k'k esa og fdruk vekuoh; gksrk pyk tkrk gS bldk [kqn mls Hkh vglkl ugha gksrkA miU;kl ds lkjs pfj= pkgs og pUnu] HkSukth] ek¡] firkth vkSj eaMkoyh okyh HkkHkh gksa ;k fQj eqa'khth] ;knjke] fHkD[ku pekj vkfn fupys oxZ dh gksa lHkh vius ifjos'k esa iwjh thoUrrk vkSj rkt+xh ds lkFk mHkjrs gSaA miU;kldkj dqN gh okD;ksa esa muds iwjs O;fäRo dks mdsjdj j[k nsrk gS vkSj viuh ifj.kfr esa dFkk ikBd dks LrC/k rFkk nzfor dj tkrh gSA nq";Ur dqekj dh Hkk"kk ds rsoj dh ckuxh ;gk¡ Hkh ns[kus dks feyrh gS& dgha ,d Hkh 'kCn Qkyrw] u lqLrA vR;Ur iBuh; rFkk ekfeZd dFkk&jpukA vkSj blh fnu dk eq>s bUrt+kj jgrkA pUnu HkkbZ lkgc vkrs rks esjs fy, ?kj esa uqekb'k&lh yx tkrhA jax&fcjaxs diM+s] vthcks&x+jhc f[kykSus] tkikuh fiLrkSy vkSj xksfy;k¡ vkSj buds vykok [kwclwjr fMCcksa esa cUn VkfQ;k¡ o pkWdysV vksj ;g lc dqN vdsys esjs fy,A ek¡ ges'kk mUgsa Mk¡Vrh] ßpUnu] rw brus iSls D;ksa Qw¡drk gS js\Þ ßdgk¡ chth! ns[kks] rqEgkjs fy, rks dqN Hkh ugha yk;k bl ckjAÞ HkkbZ lkgc cM+h e/kqj vkokt+ esa] lgt eqLdku gksBksa ij ykdj lQ+kbZ nsrsA ek¡ cM+cM+krh gqbZ jlksbZ?kj esa pyh tkrh gS vkSj eSa HkkbZ lkgc ds vkSj ikl ljd vkrkA esjh rjQ eq[k+kfrc gksrs gq, os / khjs&ls esjs dku esa dgrs] ßchth ls ft+Ø er djuk] muds fy, Hkh lkM+h yk;k gw¡A tkrs gq, nw¡xkAÞ fQj vpkud xEHkhj gksdj iwNrs] ßgk¡ HkbZ] D;k izksxzke gS vkt dk\Þ eSa izksxzke dk eryc ugha le>rk FkkA dsoy mudh vksj I;kj vkSj J)k ls fugkjrk jgrkA os g¡ldj eq>s vius ls fpiVk ysrs vkSj [kqn gh le>krs] ßrks fQj ;g r; jgk fd nksigj esa E;wftd] 'kke dks f'kdkj vkSj jkr esa ;knjke ds gkFk ds ijkBs vkSj rhrj\Þ eSa xjnu fgykdj lgefr izdV djrk vkSj rRdky esjh vk¡[kksa esa ;knjke dh

xath pk¡n vkSj ijk¡Bs csyrs le; mldh duifV;ksa ij ckj&ckj mHkjrh&fxjrh ulksa dh eNfy;k¡ rSjus yxrhaA ;knjke HkkbZ lkgc dk [k+kulkek FkkA HkkbZ lkgc tc Hkh eqjknkckn ls vkrs] ;knjke lkFk t+:j vkrkA nksigj dk Hkkstu HkkbZ lkgc ek¡ ds jlksbZ?kj esa cSBdj djrsA exj 'kke dks firkth vkSj eSa nksuksa gh muds lkFk ;knjke ds gkFk ds ijk¡Bs [kkrsA flQ+Z ek¡ viuh jlksbZ vyx idkrh FkhaA ßD;ksa ;knjke] rsjh pk¡n ds cky dgk¡ x,\Þ eSa vDlj ;g loky mlls iwNk djrkA vkSj ;knjke ges'kk bldk ,d tokc nsrk] ßckcwth ds twrs pkV x,] yYywAÞ ek¡ dks ;knjke ,d vk¡[k ugha Hkkrk FkkA 'kq:&'kq: esa mUgksaus esjs ogk¡ [kkus dk cM+k fojks/k fd;kA ysfdu dqN rks esjh viuh ft+n vkSj dqN HkkbZ lkgc ds vuqu;&vuqjksèk ds lkeus mUgsa >qd tkuk iM+kA eq>s [kwc ;kn gS fd LoHkko ls cgqr dBksj gksus ds ckotwn ek¡ HkkbZ lkgc dh ckr ugha Vkyrh FkhaA ;g vkSj ckr gS fd mlds ckn Hkh os eq>s ysdj cjkcj HkkbZ lkgc vkSj firkth] nksuksa dks ;g rkuk nsrh jgrha fd mUgksaus ^NksVs* dks Hkh EysPN cuk fn;k gSA xk¡o esa HkkbZ lkgc ,d Hkwpky dh rjg vkrs Fks vkSj Ms<+&nks gtkj vknfe;ksa dh ml NksVh&lh cLrh esa] gj txg] gj dne ij vius uD+'k vkSj Nki NksM+ tkrs FksA muds tkus ds ckn dbZ fnuks a rd yks x fd+Lls&dgkfu;ksa dh rjg mUgsa ;kn djrs jgrs vksj vDlj ;gh ft+Ø gqvk djrk] ßns[kks] fdruk cM+k vkneh gS] exj ?keaM Nw rd ugha x;k!Þ fHkD[ku pekj& ftls HkkbZ lkgc ^ewfoax jsfM;ks LVs'ku* dgk djrs Fks] muds pys tkus ds ckn] vius BsB fdLlkxksbZ ds vUnkt+ esa mudh dgkfu;k¡ lqukrk] ßvjs HkS;k] ckcw vkneh FkksM+bZ gSa] fQjLrs gSaA ml fnu lqcg&lqcg cUnwd fy;s gq, vk x,A cksys& ^D;ksa ewfou jsfM;ks&Vslu* vdsys&vdsys eky mM+k j;s gks!Þ eSaus dgk& ckcw] eky dgk¡] f[kpM+h gS] rqEgkjs [kkus dh pht ubZaA cl] fcxM+ x,A cksys& ^vPNk! rqe vdsys [kkvksxs vkSj ge rqEgkjk eq¡g ns[ksaxs\* vkSj lkgc] Hkxoku >wB u cqyk,] eSaus yqdek cukus ds fy, Fkkyh dh rjQ gkFk c<+k;k] rks èkM+kdA lkyk fny èkd~ ls gks x;k vkSj lkgc] lw¡&lw¡ djrk gqvk ,d dOok HkM+kd ls Fkkyh esa vkxs fxjkA jke!!! jke!!! dgk¡ dk [kkuk! gkFk tksM+dj mB [kM+k gqvkA D;k djrk\ exj D;k cspwd fu'kkukA lkys mM+rs iaNh dw tgk¡ pkgk] ogk¡

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

fxjk fn;kAÞ fu'kkus dh rkjhQ+ HkkbZ nsohlgk; th Hkh fd;k djrs FksA exj mlls Hkh T;knk os HkkbZ lkgc ds xys ij eqXèk FksA mudk rfd;k&dyke ^vks[+[kks th* FkkA blfy, HkkbZ lkgc mUgsa ^vks[[kks HkkbZ lkgc* dgk djrs FksA muds E;wftd izksxzke esa cqtqxksZa dk izfrfufèkRo dsoy ^vks[[kks HkkbZ lkgc* fd;k djrs FksA ge cPpksa dk bl izksxzke esa cSBus dh btkt+r ugha gksrh FkhA fygkt+k ge gkWy ds cUn njokt+ksa ds ikl dku yxkdj lquk djrsA rcys ds Bksdus] gkjeksfu;e ds Loj feykus vkSj HkkbZ lkgc ds vkyki ysus ls 'kq: dj [kRe gksus rd ge dbZ yM+ds ogk¡ [kM+s jgrs vkSj tc HkkbZ nsohlgk; th dgrs] ^vks[[kks th] D;k pht+ lqukbZ gS] HkkbZ pUnu!* dgk¡ ls ekj nh\ rks cM+s yM+ds dku yxkdj xkS+j ls lquus dh dksf'k'k fd;k djrs FksA eq>s ml le; rd laxhr esa bruh fnypLih ugha FkhA blfy, eq>s tc Hkh HkkbZ lkgc dh ;kn vkrh] rks mudh ckrsa vkSj dgkfu;k¡ lquus ds fy, eSa vks[[kks HkkbZ lkgc dh cfuLcr] fHkD[ku pekj dh ckrsa lquuk T;knk ilUn djrk] tks mUgsa ,d egku~ vkSj vkn'kZ uk;d ds :i esa is'k fd;k djrk FkkA ysfdu eaMkoyh okyh HkkHkh] tks fj'rs esa gekjh dqN u gksrs gq, Hkh cgqr dqN gksrh Fkh] u rks HkkbZ lkgc dh egkurk ds fdLls lqukrha vkSj u ikS#"k ds] cfYd dbZ ?kaVks viuh gh 'kSyh esa] mudh cM+h&cM+h vk¡[kksa dk vkSj muds jax&:i dk] muds lkSUn;Z dkvkSj mudh 'kjkjrksa dk gko&Hkko lfgr o.kZu fd;k djrh FkhaA esjh rjg mUgsa Hkh HkkbZ lkgc ilUn Fks vkSj HkkbZ lkgc dh ckrsa lqukus esa os mruk gh jl ysrha Fkha] ftruk eSa lquus esaA ßfiNyh ckj eSaus [kwc lqukbZ]Þ HkkHkh lquk;k djrh Fkha] ßeSaus dgk& ykykth] dgha Hkys ?kj ds yM+ds iku [kk;k djrs gSa! gekjs [k+kunku esa rks fdlh yM+ds us 'kknh ls igys iku Nqvk rd ugha FkkA rqEgkjs [k+kunku esa vDy ds fpjkx+ ,sls cq> x, fd dksbZ dgusokyk gh ugha jgkAÞ cl HkS;k] bruk lquuk Fkk fd yxs gkFk&ik¡o tksM+us& ^vjs esjh I;kjh xqykch HkkHkh! eq>s ekQ+ dj nksA eSa dku idM+rk gw¡] vc dHkh iku ugha [kkÅ¡xkA* vkokt+ksa ds ?ksjs esa ¼dkO; laxzg½ vius vki ls vius ifjos'k vkSj O;oLFkk ls ukjkt+ dfo ds :i esa nq";Ur dqekj dh dfork,¡ fgUnh dk ,d vko';d

16

fgLlk cu pqdh gSaA vkBosa n'kd ds eè; vkSj mÙkjk)Z esa viuh èkkjnkj jpukvksa ds fy, cgqpfpZr nq";Ur ftl vkx esa gkse gq,] mls viuh jpukvksa esa yEcs le; rd eglwl fd;k tkrk jgsxkA vkoktksa ds ?ksjs nq";Ur dqekj dk ,d t+:jh dfork&laxzg gSA blesa èkqvk¡&èkqvk¡ gksrh ml 'kf[l;r dks lkQ rkSj ij igpkuk tk ldrk gS ysfdu jpukRed Lrj ij dfo dk ;g fojksèk O;oLFkk ls vfèkd vius vki ls gS] tgk¡ O;fä u gksdj og ,d oxZ gS& eqfB~B;ksa dks ck¡èkrk vkSj [kksyrkA ck¡èkuk] tks mldh t:jr gS vksj [kksyuk] etcwjhA ,d izdkj fujFkZdrk vkSj Bgjko dk tks cksèk bu dforkvksa esa gS] og lkFkZd vkSj xfr'khy gksus dh xgjh NViVkgV ls Hkjk gqvk gSA Li"Vr% dfo dk ;gh }U} vkSj NViVkgV bu dforkvksa dk jpukèkeZ gS] ftls lgt vkSj lkFkZd vfHkO;fä feyh gSA nq";Ur y; ds dfo gSa] blfy, eqäNUn gksdj Hkh ;s dfork,¡ NUneqä ugha gSaA lkFk gh ;gk¡ muds dqN xhr Hkh gSa vkSj

ckn esa lkeus vk;h csgrjhu x+t+yksa dh vkgVsa HkhA la{ksi esa] ;g laxzg nq";Ur dh vle; lekIr gks x;h dkO;&;k=k dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ iM+ko gSA vkt v{kjksa ds bl fufoM+ ou esa HkVdrha ;g gtkjksa ys[kuh bfrgkl dk iFk [kkstrh gSa ---ØkfUr! -------- fdruk g¡lks pkgs fdUrq ;s tu lHkh ikxy ughaA jkLrksa ij [kM+s gSa ihM+k Hkjh vuqxw¡t lqurs 'kh'k èkqurs foQyrk dh ph[k+ ij tks dku Loj&y; [kkstrs gSa ;s lHkh vkns'k&ckfèkr ughaA bl foQy okrkoj.k esa tks fd yxrk gS dgha ij dqN egd&lh gS Hkkouk gks--- losjk gks---;k izrhf{kr if{k;ksa ds xku& fdUrq dqN gS( xUèk&ckflr osf.k;ksa dk bUrt+kj ughaA ;g izrh{kk % ;g foQyrk % ;g

ifjfLFkfr% gks u bldk dgha Hkh mYys[k pkgs [kkn&lh bfrgkl esa cl dke vk;s ij le; dks vFkZ nsrh tk jgh gSA vkokt+k sa ds ?ksjs vkoktsa---LFkwy :i èkjdj tks xfy;ksa] lM+dksa esa e¡Mykrh gSa] dherh diM+ksa ds ftLeksa ls Vdjkrh gSa] eksVjksa ds vkxs fcN tkrh gSa] nqdkuksa dks ns[krh yypkrh gSa] iz'u fpUg cudj vuk;kl vkxs vk tkrh gSa& vkoktsa! vkoktsa] vkoktsa!! fe=ksa! esjs O;fäRo vkSj eq>&tSls vufxu O;fäRoksa dk D;k eryc\ eSa tks thrk gw¡] xkrk gw¡] esjs thus] xkus dfo dgykus dk D;k eryc\ tc eSa vkoktksa ds ?ksjs esa ikiksa dh Nk;kvksa ds chp vkRek ij cks>k&lk fy;s gw¡

lEiknu ds {ks= esa nq" ;Ur dqekj nq";Ur dqekj us fofHkUu fo/kkvksa dks viukrs gq, lkfgR; lsok dh gSA mUgksaus uoksfnr lkfgR;dkjksa dk ekxZn'kZu Hkh fd;k gSA bykgkckn ls izdkf'kr if=dk fogku bldk mnkgj.k gSA fogku ¼}Sekfld if=dk½1953 bykgkckn ls ^fogku* dk lEiknu nq";Ur dqekj] deys'oj vkSj ekdZ.Ms; rhuksa us feydj fd;k FkkA bl if=dk ds dqy fdrus vad izdkf'kr fd;s x;s] ;g rks Kkr ugha gks ik;k fdUrq fogku dk izFke vad ekpZ&vizSy 1953 esa izdkf'kr gqvk FkkA fogku ds izcU/k lEiknd fo'oukFk izlkn tk;loky FksA tcfd izcU/k lfefr esa mes'k pUnz mik/;k;] gfj'pUnz JhokLro] nq";Ur dqekj R;kxh] ftrsUnz tk;loky vkSj jk/kseksgu flUgk FksA fogku ds izFke vad ds :i lTtkdkj Fks deys'oj vkSj vkoj.k i`"B ij tks fp= iz;ksx fd;k x;k Fkk og Fkk ^Hkksj gqbZ ct mBh ck¡lqjh* ;g fp= fp=dkj ds-ch- }kjk cuk;k x;k FkkA fogku ds jpukdkj fogku ds izFke vad ds jpukdkj izdk'k pUnz xqIr] Hkxor 'kjk.k mik/;k;] j?kqifr lgk; ^fQ+jkd*] Jh d`".knkl] usehpUn tSu] fo|kfuokl feJ ¼ys[k] fucUèk½] ekdZ.Ms;] deys'oj] ve`rjk;] ijekuUn xkSM+ ¼dgkuh]LdSp½] dsnkj] ukxktqZu] lrh'k nÙk ikaMs] xaxkizlkn JhokLro] vftr dqekj] nq";Ur dqekj] ;qfDrHknz nhf{kr¼dfork,a½ jgsA u, jpukdkjksa dks izksRlkgu nq";Ur dqekj us u, jpukdkjksa dks Hkh [kwc izksRlkgu fn;kA fogku ds vius vfxze ys[k esa mUgksaus fy[kk gS& ^bl vad esa ge rhu fcYdqy vifjfpr izfrHkkvksa dks vkils ifjfpr djk jgs gSaA Jh lrh'k ikaMs] Jh ;qfDrHknz nhf{kr vkSj Jh ijekuUn xkSM+A rhuksa gh ,sls ys[kd gSa ftudh ys[kuh dk yksgk ,d u ,d fnu lcdks ekuuk iM+sxkA ge ps"Vk djsaxs fd vxys vadksa esa Hkh budh jpuk,¡ nsrs jgsaA vkSj Hkh cgqr ls u, ys[kdksa dks [kkst fudkyus dk ftEek geus fy;k gS vkSj fo'okl djrs gSa fd gj vad esa vki ls ,d u ,d u, ys[kd nksLr dk ifjp; djkrs jgsaxsA*

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

17

nq";Ur dqekj ds ckjs esa vU; fo}kuksa ds fopkj deys ' oj nq";Ur dqekj us foLQksVd x+t+ysa fy[kdj fgUnh dfork dk jpukRed fet+kt vkSj ekSle gh cny fn;kA gkykafd bls gekjs ckSf)drkxzLr jpukoknh&Nn~e dykoknh vkSj lkfgR; ds Lo.kZ dfo vHkh [kqysvke Lohdkj djus dh eqnzk esa ugha gSa] ij os tkurs gSa fd muds iSj rys dh t+ehu f[kld pqdh gSA ges'kk ls fgUnh lkfgR; dk lo.kZ vfHktkR; lkfgR; ds vuq'khyu vkSj bfrgkl ij xqatyd ekjdj cSBk jgk gSA blus yksd&Lohd`fr dks gYdk cukus ds fy, mlh ds ot+u ij ,d 'kCn&x<+k gS&yksdfiz;rk vkSj bls gs; ekuk x;k gSA ;g joS;k mUgha vfHktkR;&oxhZ; lkfgR;dkjksa dk gS tks lkfgR; ds lokyksa ij cM+h js'keh cglsa djrs gSa ysfdu vius le; ds lokyksa dk lkeuk ugha dj ikrsA ;s yksx vius Mªkbax:eksa ;k eqnkZ lHkkxkjksa esa ^jpuk dk yksdra=* LFkkfir djrs jgrs gSa vkSj t+:jr iM+h rks cgqr lksp&le>dj] vkxk&ihNk ns[kdj lkoZtfud lokyksa ij tkjh fd, tkus okys tufgroknh c;kuksa ij viuk uke nsus dh vuqefr Hkh ns nsrs gSa ysfdu 'kCn&l`f"V ds ;g os mitho gSa] tks vius ladqy le; dh Le`fr dh Lohd`fr u ikus ds ckotwn ^lkfgR; ds fy,* fdrkcksa ls fdrkcksa esa thfor cus jgus ds xSj&lkfgfR;d miØe djrs jgrs gSaA fot; cgknqj flag tc os i<+rs Fks] rc d{kk esa vkSj d{kk ds ckgj dh d{kkvksa esa HkhA fy[kuk 'kq: fd;k] rks ys[ku dh lèkh&cnh jkgksa] pkSgfn;ksa] QS'kuksa vkSj dkO;&eqgkojksa dh HkhM+ esa HkhA u rks os dHkh Mjs] u lgesA u >qds] u VwVsA nksLrksa ds chp] dHkh&dHkh nq'euksa vkSj nq'euksa ds nksLrksa ds lkFk Hkh] ;kjksa ds ;kj dh rjg mBrs&cSBrsA mudh nksLrh vxj fdlh ckr ls Fkh] rks blh vkt+knh ls Fkh vkSj blds fy, ftl iq#"kkFkZ dh t:jr mUgsa Fkh] og muds LoHkko vkSj laLdkjksa esa tUeuk ekStwn FkkA jkts'k dqekj O;kl fgUnh x+t+y esa nq";Ur us loZFkk u;k eqgkojk x<+kA bl u;s eqgkojs esa euq"; dh ftthfo"kk ds lkFk mldh osnuk vkSj VwVu dks xgjkbZ ls eglwl fd;k tk ldrk gSA [+kkl ckr ;g Hkh fd thou ds eeZ dks le>krh mldh x+t+yksa esa O;fDr vkSj thou dh ckjhd+ iM+rky gS] mlds [+krjs gSa] tks dqN

?kfVr gks jgk gS] ml ij djkjh pksV gS vkSj og fo'kky n`f"VlaiUurk Hkh] ftlesa lcdqN vuqdwy u gksrs gq, Hkh Hkfo"; ds izfr ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k fNik gSA x+t+y dh ijaijkxr :f<+;ksa dks rksM+rh nq";Ur dh x+t+yksa esa thoukHkqoksa dh bruh fofo/krk gS fd mlls nkSj vkSj nk;jksa dh igpku Lor% gh gksrh gSA /keZohj Hkkjrh lqfo/kkvksa vkSj in&izfr"Bk ls ySl pan vkykspd ,d >wBk eq[kkSVk yxk dj ,d cus&cuk;s iwoZxzg ds lkFk tks ,d udyh fonzksgh lkfgR;&fparu vkSj mlls mn~Hkwr rhljs ntsZ dk ?kfV;k dkO;tky ikBdksa ij Fkksi jgs Fks] ml d`f=e dkO;&lalkj esa ,d izkekf.kd nnZ Hkjh vkokt+ Fkh bu x+t+yksa dh] tks fcuk fdlh vkykspd dh 'kCnkMacjh odkyr ds ikBd dks O;kid Lrj ij Nw x;hA ,d lPph vkSj rh[+kh vdsyh NwVh gqbZ jpuk] >wBs 'kCntky ds fojkV dkO;kMacj dks dSls iy Hkj esa ud+yh vkSj tkyh lkfcr dj vius dks izfrf"Br dj ysrh gS] bldk izek.k nq";Ur dh x+t+ysa gSaA losZ' oj n;ky lDlsuk nq";Ur cM+k ek;koh FkkA cgqr de yksx gksrs gSa] tks bruh [kqyh ft+Unxh thrs gksa vkSj fQj Hkh ek;koh dgkrs gksaA LoLFk] lqUnj] fnyQsad] ft+ankfny vkneh Fkk ogA mlds nksLr Hkh cgqr Fks vkSj nq'eu HkhA bl Q+sgfjLr dks c<+krs tkuk gh mldh ft+Unxh FkhA ;fn fdlh yM+dh ds ihNs fdlh x+Sj eksgYys esa mldk d+Ry fd;s tkus dh [+kcj vkrh ;k fdlh 'kjkc[+kkus esa t+gjhyh 'kjkc ih tkus ls ejus dh] rks fdlh dks mruk vpjt ugha gksrk] ysfdu fny ds nkSjs ls mldk ejuk cgqr cM+k et+kd yxrk gSA mls u rks fny dk dksbZ jksx Fkk] u gh dHkh dksbZ bl rjg dh f'kdk;r FkhA ijs'kkfu;ksa esa vius dks Q¡lkuk fQj cgqr lQ+kbZ ls muls fudy tkuk] fny esa dksbZ eyky u j[kuk] u dksbZ cks> <ksuk] vius nksLrksa esa og lcls T+;knk tkurk FkkA og chekj vkneh ugha FkkA u ru ls] u eu ls] u vknr lsA og csgn g¡leq[k FkkA vyeLr] csfQ+Ø] ruko dks xnZ dh rjg >kM+ nsuk og tkurk FkkA mls cgqr tYnh [+kq'k fd;k tk ldrk FkkA mldh gol nqfu;knkjh dh gol FkhA og lc dqN ik ysuk pkgrk FkkA dHkh cPpksa dh rjg epy dj] dHkh tw> dj] dHkh

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

fglkc&fdrkc fHkM+kus ds [okc ns[kdjA tc mldk pkgk ugha gks ikrk] rks og mnkl gksrk] xkfy;k¡ nsrk vkSj vius jkLrs ds jksM+ksa dks usLrukcwn djus ds fy, t+ehu vkSj vkleku ds dqykcs feykrk ns[kk tkrkA ij] nqfu;k mlds fglkc ls ugha pyrh Fkh vkSj og Hkh cgqr pkg dj Hkh nqfu;k ds fglkc ls ugha py ikrk Fkk vkSj ftruk ugha py ikrk Fkk] mlh dh rkd+r ls og fy[krk FkkA funk Q+kt+yh nq";Ur uke ds n'kZu igyh ckj egku ukVddkj dkfynkl dh ukV~; jpuk ^'kkdqarye~* esa gksrs gSaA mlesa ;g uke ,d jktk dk Fkk] tks 'kdqaryk dks vius izse dh fu'kkuh ds :i esa ,d vaxwBh nsdj pyk tkrk gSA vkSj 'kdqaryk dh thou ;k=k blh vaxwBh ds [kksus vkSj ikus ds bnZ&fxnZ ?kwerh jgrh gSA jktk nq";Ur ds lfn;ksa ckn fctukSj dh / kjrh us ,d vkSj nq";Ur dqekj dks tUe fn;kA bl ckj og jktk ugha FksA R;kxh FksA nq";Ur dqekj R;kxhA bl nq";Ur dqekj R;kxh ds ikl u jktk dk vf/kdkj Fkk] u vaxwBh dk migkj vkSj u gh igyh ut+j esa gksus okyk I;kj FkkA 20 oha lnh ds nq";Ur dks dkfynkl ds ;qx dh fojklr esa ls cgqr dqN R;kxuk iM+kA bl u, tUe esa og vke vkneh FksA vke vkneh dk lekt mudk lekt FkkA vke vkneh dh yM+kbZ esa 'kkfey gksuk mudk fjokt+ FkkA vke vkneh dh rjg mudh eaft+y Hkh lM+d] ikuh vkSj vukt FkkA nq";Ur lkfgR; esa cgqr dqN dj ds vkSj thou dh cM+h /kwi&Nk¡o ls xqt+j ds x+t+y fo/kk dh vksj vk, FksA nq";Ur ftl le; x+t+y lalkj esa nkf[ky gq, ml le; Hkksiky izxfr'khy 'kk;jksa rkt Hkksikyh vkSj dSQ Hkksikyh dh x+t+yksa ls txexk jgk FkkA buds lkFk fganh esa tks vke vkneh vKs; ds Mªkbax:e ls vkSj eqfDrcksèk dh dkO;Hkk"kk ls ckgj dj fn;k x;k FkkA cM+h [kkeks'kh ls ukxktqZu vkSj /kwfey dh ^laln ls lM+d rd* dh dforkvksa esa eqLdqjk jgk FkkA blh tekus esa fQ+Yeksa esa ,d u, ukjkt+ ghjks dk vke vkneh ds :i esa mn; gks jgk FkkA nq";Ur dqekj us fgUnh lkfgR; esa tks dke fd;k gS vHkh mldk mfpr ewY;kadu ugha gks ik;k gSA nq";Ur dqekj vkSj muds lkfgR; ij 'kks/k dh vko';Drk gSA

18

'kks/k ys[k

lar dof;=h lqcpu nklh MkW-Jhifr dqekj ;kno ofj’B ÁoDrk] fgUnh foHkkx lkgw tSu dkWyst] uthckckn] lar dof;=h lqcpu nklh dk tUe lu~ 1870 bZ- esa mÙkj izns”k ds xkthiqj ftyk ds *Msgek* uked xkWao esa gqvk FkkA1 dk;LFk ifjokj eas ekrk eqUuh nsoh ds xHkZ ls vorfjr gqbZ FkhA buds firk dk uke eqa”kh nyflaxkj yky Fkk] tks gfj HkfDr ,oa lk/kq&larksa ls cM+k izse j[krs FksA2 nklh th dk LoHkko opiu ls gh HkfDru izof`Ùk dk FkkA njoktk ij tc dksbZ lk/kq&lar vkrk Fkk rks mudk lRdkj djus ds i”pkr~ Hktu xk;u gsrq gB djrh FkhA ifjokj f”kf{kr gksus ds dkj.k budh f”k{kk dSFkh fyfi Kku rd gqbZ FkhA nsoukxjh fyfi Hkh og i<+ fy;k djrh FkhA ek= pkSng o’kZ dh vk;q esa budk fookg cfy;k ftyk ds *cgksj Nijk* esa ;qxy fd”kksj yky ls gqvk FkkA3 ;qxy fd”kksj is”ks ls dpgjh esa dke djrs Fks rFkk mudk xq# /kjkuk *mnklh lEiznk;* FkkA lqcpunklh th tc vius llqjky esa vkbZ] rks izHkq HkfDr esa lekf/k /kaVksa yxkrh FkhA ftlls llqjky okyksa dks HkkSfrd nks’k dk lansg gqvkA blfy, viusxq# /kjkuk ds mnklh lar ghjknkl th ds ikl ys x;s4] ftudk eB Hk`xq vkJe ds ikl *ukxkth eB* ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA lar ghjknkl th vius vk/;kfREkd rikscy ls igpku x;s fd ;s izHkq&izse esa ckojh cuh gSA mUgksaus ;qxy fd”kksj dks le>k;k fd bls dksbZ HkkSfrd nks’k ugha gSA ;g rks cgqr mPp dksfV dh lkf/kdk gSA lekf/kLFkoLFkk ls psruoLFkk esa vkus ij nklhth us lar ghjknkl dk pj.k idM+dj vius dks f”k’; cukus dk vkxzg fd;k] rks mUgksaus ifr&iRuh dks nh{kk ea= ns nhA5 vU; larksa dh Hkk¡fr lqcpunklh ds lkFk Hkh vusd efgeke; fdaonafr;k¡ Hkjh iM+h gaSA mUgksaus mÙkj izns”k ,oa iatkc ds vusd LFkkuksa dk Hkze.k fd;kA xq#ukud ds izfr mudh vVwV J)k Fkh] blhfy, muds tUe&LFkku *ukudkuk* ,oa ve`rlj rd dh ;k=k,a dhA xq# ukud fujadkjh] ghjk xq# dks Hkstk;k gSA tqxqy fd”kksj dh ukjh] nklh lqcpu dgk;k gSA6 lar lqcpu nklh ds xq# ghjknkl

th ¼eB ukxkth] cfy;k½ *mnklh lEiznk;* ds lar FksA lqcpu nklh vius thou ds vfUre le; esa xkthiqj ftyk ds ;wlqQiqj rglhy vUrxZr *ckykiqj* uked xk¡o esa vius vkJe dh LFkkiuk dhA blh vkJe esa lRlax djrs&djkrs lu~ 1950bZ- esa mUgksaus vius ikfFkZo “kjhj dk ifjR;kx fd;kA ys[kd muds vkJe dk Hkze.k fd;k gSA Hkze.k&dky esa gh mudk lkfgR; eq>s vkJe ls izkIr gqvkA mudh ,d izLrj dh izfrek ,oa lekf/k vkJe esa fo|eku gSA mudh f”k’;&ijEijk vkJe esa pyh vk jgh gS] tks fuEufyf[kr gS& lar ghjknkl ¼eB ukxkth] cfy;k½ xq# A lar lqcpu nklh ¼ckykiqj] xkthiqj½ ¼1870bZ-&1950bZ-½ A lar izg~ykn nkl ¼ckykiqj] xkthiqj½ A lar ukud”kj.k nkl ¼ckykiqj] xkthiqj½ ¼orZeku egar½ cgqr [ksn ds lkFk dguk iM+ jgk gS fd ,sls lkfgR; lEiUu dof;=h dk uke bfrgkl ds iUuksa ls xk;c gSA vkpk;Z ij”kqjke prqosZnh us *mÙkjh Hkkjr dh lar ijEijk* esa ek= budk ifjp; fn;k gSA lu~ 1914 bZ- ls 1934 bZ- ds e/; ik¡p Hkkxksa esa budk lkfgR; izdkf”kr gqvk gS& izserjafx.kh &1914 bZ-] izserjafx.kh Hkkx&nks *foKku lkxj* 1918 bZ-] izserjafx.kh Hkkx&rhu *fonsg eks{k izdk”k*] izserjafx.kh Hkkx&pkj *viwoZ foykl* 1923 bZ] izserjafx.kh Hkkx&ik¡p *vuqHko izdk”k* f}la- 1934 bZ-A izserjafx.kh Hkkx&nks *foKku lkxj* xkthiqj ls ,oa “ks’k lkfgR; xksj[kiqj ls izdkf”kr gSA tSlk fd mYys[k fd;k tk pqdk gS fd os vf/kd i<+h&fy[kh ugha FkhA vius vuqHkoksa dks mUgksaus *dSFkh fyfi* esa fy[kk gSA muds lkfgR; dk :ikUrj.k tu&dY;k.k gsrq dSFkh fyfi ls *nsoukxjh fyfi* esa fd;k x;k gSA fcgkjh fgUnh dh cksyh Hkkstiqjh dks iz/kkur% vius lkfgR; dh Hkk’kk cukrs gq, laLd`r] [kM+h cksyh] vjch vkSj Qkjlh ds “kCnksa dk

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

feJ.k dj f[kpM+h tcku dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA dkO; dh :i fo/kk nksgk] pkSikbZ] loS;k ,oa dq.Mfy;ksa dks viukrs gq, vusd yksd&jkxksa /kkVkas] fogkx] [kseVk] dtyh] nknjk] lksgj] HkSjoh] trlkj] xkjh] pSrk] olar] gksyh ,oa frrkyk vkfn esa viuh vfHkO;fDr dh gSA lqcpu nklh dh ok.kh esa Hkkoksa dk mQku gS] izokg dh ijEijk dk fuokZg ughaA lar lqcpunklh us fofHkUu izdkj ls vius fl)karksa dks le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k FkkA mUgksaus vius vuqHkwfr ds vk/kkj ij ml ijerÙo dks vfHkO;fDr djus dk iz;kl fd;kA iw.kZ czã dh vfHkO;fDr ykSfdd “kCn “kfDr ls ijs gksrh gSA **mudh “kksHkk dsfg fof/ k eSa xkbZ] eksls dgr ufga tkbZZ7A** dgdj czã dks vdFkuh; cryk;k gSA ml ijerÙo dks izkIr djds Hkh o.kZu djuk oSls gh vlaHko gS] tSls fdlh xwaxs O;fDr ds fy, Lokn dh vfHkO;fDr dfBu gSA8 muds jke fuxqZ.k gSA og gn&csgn ls ijs] u vkrk gS u tkrk gS] u tUe ysrk gS u ejrk gSA9 mldk Lo:i ugha gSA mls Hkkjh Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrk] mls gydk Hkh ugha dg ldrsA u og iou gS u ikuh gSA10 og vtj vej vfouk”kh gS] tks tkurk gS] ogh mls ik ldrk gSA11 og vHkko :i gksrk gqvk Hkh *dÙkkZ* gS lc jlksa dk vkJ; gS] loZxU/ke; gSA lqcpu nklh ds jke le :i ls leLr czãk.M esa ifjO;kIr gSA12 ftlus mudks tku fy;k mlds vfr lehi gS] tks ugha tkuk mlls nwjkfrnwj gSA ftl izdkj ls e`x dh ukfHk esa dLrwjh xa/k gksrh gS fQj Hkh mls ikus ds fy, taxy&taxy <w<+rk fQjrk gSA13 euq’; Hkh vkRerÙo dks Hkwydj mls iRFkj ,oa ikuh esa [kkstrk gS14 vkRerÙo dks Li’V djrs gq, cM+s gh ljy “kCnksa esa lqcpu nklh dgrh gS&Þftlus cksyrk ogh vkRek] mldh jks”kuh tgk¡ esa QSyhÞ15 tks cksyrk gS] ogh vkRerÙo gSA og vfouk”kh rFkk ijerÙo dk va”k gSA /kwi ds dkj.k ty lw[k tkrk gS fdarq /kwi u’V ugha gksrkA mlh izdkj “kjhj ds ik¡pksa rÙoksa dk uk”k gks tkrk gS ysfdu vkRek dk uk”k ugha gksrkA16 vkRek ,oa czã dh ,drk dk izfriknu djrs gq,

19

mUgksaus dgk gS fd ftl izdkj }Sr ds u’V gksus ij v}Sr dk vH;qn; gksrk gSA tSls cht esa o`{k vkSj o`{k esa cht gSA /kwi esa m’.krk ,oa m’.krk esa /kwi gSA ty esa rjax ,oa rjax esa ty gSA mlh izdkj ls vkRek esa czã ,oa czã esa vkRek gSA17 bl izdkj ge ns[krs gS fd lqcpu nklh dh vkRek ,oa czã fo’k;d~ vuqHkwfr dsoyk}Sroknh ds vuqHkwfr ds gh leku gSA oLrqr% czã ls fHkUu vkRek dh dksbZ lÙkk gh ugha gSA nksuksa vfHkUu gS] ,d inkFkZ ds nks uke gSA “kadjkpk;Z ds vuqlkj vkRek gh cã gS] fdarq ek;k ds dkj.k nksuksa esa ikFkZD; dh izrhfr gksrh gSA lqcpu nklh us ek;k dks czã dh l`f’V ekudj dgk gS& Þgfj rsjh dfBu js fdjfr;k] “ks”k “kkjnk ikos u ikjÞ18 eu vkSj ek;k dk /kfu’B lEcU/k gSA dke] Øks)] yksHk] en] bZ’;kZ] nqeZfr] ukrh&iksrk] csVk&csVh bR;fn eu ds fodkj ek;k ds lkFkh gSA lqcpu nklh us *eu* dks ek;k ls le>kSrk u djds lqefr ls le>kSrk djus dk lans”k fn;k gSA19 mUgksus ek;k dks lk/kuk esa cka/kd ekurs gq, dgk gS& ÞBfxfu;k ds tky Mxj fcyebgsaÞ20 lar lqcpu nklh us ijerÙo dks d.k&d.k esa O;kIr ekurs gq, dgk gS&Þrqgha / kjrh rqgha vkLeka] rqgha ifjiw.kZ Nk;k gSÞ21 mUgksaus czã dh lÙkk dks lukru ekuk gS] rc czã la;qDr l`f’V ds fofHkUu miknku vfLrRoghu dSls gq, \ ;gk¡ ;g Li’V dj nsuk vko”;d gS fd fl)kUr fu:i.k esa lqcpu nklh us ijekFkZ&lÙkk vkSj O;ogkj&lÙkk nks n`f’V;kas dks viuk;k gSA ijekFkZ lÙkk dh n`f’V ls os lalkj dks vlR; ekurh gSA Þczã vkuUn jgs ykS ykbZ] txr vlkj ns[ kkbZ Þ 22 mUgksa us O;ogkfjd #i ls lalkj dks dgk gS&Þ;g tx dkty dksV] l¡Hkkjh ds jguk ;kjksÞ23 lar lqcpu nklh us lk/kuk dh n`f’V ls lar&ijEijk dk gh vuqxeu fd;k gSA larksa us vKku dks gh leLr iki&deksZa dk ewy ekuk gSA lqcpu nklh us eu ij fot; izkIr djus dks okLrfod thr ekuk gSA24 Kku dh egÙkk dks izfrikfnr djrs gq, mUgksaus vH;Urj&vuqHkwfr dks okLrfod Kku dh laKk nh gSA25 lqcpu nklh us dgk gS fd *uke*¼izHkq dk uke½ dk cht cksus ls Kku dk vadqj fudyrk gSA26 izk;% efgyk lar ;ksx dk fu’ksèk djrh gS fdarq budh okf.k;ksa esa ‘kV~pØos/ ku] bM+k] fiaxyk] lq’kqE.kk] czãjU/kz ,oa v’Vkax;ksx laca/kh in cgqrk;r ek=k esa feyrs gSaA mUgksaus ;ksx ds ckjs esa dgk gS& tksfx;k tksx dfBu ls gks;A tksx dju dks lc dksbZ /kkos] lgts tksx ufga

gks;A “kCn cku dh pksV dfBu gS] fcjyk Bgjs dks;AA27 ;ksx ds }kjk lk/kd lk/; ls tqM+us dk iz;kl djrk gSA ;g iz;kl dbZ izdkj ds gksrs gSa&dkf;d lk/kuk ¼gB;ksx½] ekufld lk/kuk ¼/;ku;ksx] y;;ksx½ ,oa lgt lkèkukA lqcpu nklh us gB;ksx] /;ku;ksx ij fo”ks’k cy fn;k gSA mUgksaus *ehu* ,oa *fogaxe ekxZ* dk vuqlj.k dj /;ku yxkus dh ckr dgha gSA28 gkykafd lqcpu nklh lcls vf/kd xq# ukud ls izHkkfor Fkh fQj Hkh og ;ksx lk/kuk esa ukFkiaFkh ;ksfx;ksa ,oa dchj vkfn larksa ds fudV gSaA lqcpu nklh us HkfDr dh eqDr daB ls iz”kalk dh gSA mUgksaus dgk gS fd yksHkh] yaiV ,oa ykyph O;fDr ls HkfDr laHko ugha gSA HkfDr rks ogha dj ldrk g]S tks yksd&ykt dk ifjR;kx dj vius lk/; ds pj.kksa esa viuk loZLo lefiZr dj nsaA yksHkh yaiV ykyph] buls HkfDr u gks;A HkfDr djS ru R;kxh ds] yksd ykt lc [kks;AA29 HkfDr djus esa lqcpu nklh ds le{k ehjk tSlh ikfjokfjd cka/kk,a ugha FkhA bldk dkj.k Fkk muds ifr ;qxy fd”kksj th dh lk/kqrk ,oa lTturkA HkfDr ds vHkko esa euq’; mYyw ds leku gSA Qy ds fcuk o`{k ,oa ty ds fcuk dqvk¡ dh fLFkfr HkfDrghu O;fDr dh gksrh gSA30 ÞeS vcyk vKku] }kj NksfM+ dgk¡ tkÅ¡Þ31 dgdj mUgksaus “kj.kkxr Hkko dks vkRelkr fd;k gSA *uke ti* ij fo”ks’k /;ku nsrs gq, dgk gS& Þfcuq Hktus ru e`rd dgkbZ jsÞ32 izse izk.kh ek= ds ân; dh ,d lgt o`fÙk gSSA ân; esa gfj ds izfr vuqjkx ls leLr fodkjksa dk uk”k gks tkrk gSA33 “kq) vkSj lkfRod izse gh J)k dk ;ksx ikdj HkfDr dk :i xzg.k dj ysrk gSA izse fojg esa fiz; ls feyu gsrq vR;ar O;kdqyrk gksrh gSA ,d LFkku ij mUgksaus dgk gS fd esjs fiz; vejiqj esa cl x;s gaS vkSj eq>s dy;qx esa clk;s gSaA esjs fdl voxq.k ds dkj.k fiz; eq>s R;kx fn;s gSaA eq>ls tqnkbZ cnkZ”r ugha gks jgh gSA jkr&fnu vPNk ugha yxrk gSA fojg esjs ân; esa viuk fuokl LFkku&cuk;k gqvk gSA34 lqcpu nklh ds lkfgR; esa eks{k laca/kh in cgqr gh de ek=k esa feyrs gSaA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd HkDr eqfDr dh pkgr ugha j[krk gSA og rks vius lk/; ds lkFk rnkdkjrk dks gh pjeksUufr ekurk gSA lqcpu nklh thoUeqfDr dks gh ijedkE; le>rh Fkh& Þthor le>s thor cw>s] thor ejuk eqfDr tkuksAÞ35

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

lar lqcpu nklh vU; larksa dh Hkk¡fr tkfrokn dk [kaMu fd;k gSA Å¡p&uhp dk Hksn feF;k gS D;ksafd lcds vUnj bZ”oj tkfr o.kZ dk /;ku u j[krs gq, fo|eku gSA36 tkfr&ik¡fr dh lejlrk ij viuk vfHker izdV djrs gq, mUgksaus lkQ “kCnksa esa dg fn;k gS fd bZ”oj ,sls n;kyq gS] tks mudk Hktu djrk gS] mldks tkfr] o.kZ] dqy ,oa deZ ij Hkh u /;ku nsrs gq, vius esa lekfgr dj ysrs gaSA37 deZdkaM dk fojks/k djrs gq, lqcpu nklh us dgk gS fd deZdkaM ds ca/ku esa tks Q¡l tkrk gS] mls deZdkaM dky :i /kkj.k dj [kk tkrk gSA deZ&vdeZ NqVus ds i”pkr~ gh O;fDr dks okLrfod lq[k dh izkfIr gksrh gSA38 ik[kaMh os”k/kkjh lk/kqvksa dh [kcj ysrs gq, dgk gS&ÞgkFk lqfejuh cxy drjuh] Bxs fQjs ew< tkuh jsÞ39 rhFkZ] ozr ,oa ewfrZ&iwtk bR;kfn dk mUgksaus vR;ar “kkyhurk iwoZd fojks/ k fd;k gSA budh ok.kh esa dchj dh Hkk¡fr mxz fojks/k ugha gSA mUgksaus dgk gS fd bZ”oj dks ge rhFkZ LFkkukssa esa <w<+rs gSa] dHkh vius “kjhj esa [kkstus dh dksf”k”k ugha dhA40 rhFkZ] ozr] ikgu&iwtk Hkze dk cks> gSA blls ek;k dk ca/ku dVrk ugha cfYd vkSj O;fDr ek;k esa Q¡ l rk tkrk gS A 41 la r lq c pu nklh fgUnw&eqfLye ,drk dk izfriknu djrh gqbZ dgrh gS fd fgUnw vkSj eqlyeku ,d gh gSaA ,d gh LFkku ls vk,a gSaA lalkj esa vkus ds i”pkr~ nksuks fgUnw&eqlyeku esa c¡V x;sA efUnj ,oa elftn ds pDdj esa vius vki dks Hkwy x;sA nksuksa dh cqf) Hkzfer gks pqdh gSaA nksuksa vius&vius /keZ dks loZJs’B crkdj vgadkj ds en esa gSA fgUnw gf’kZr gksdj cdjk ,oa eqlyeku xk; dkaVrk gSA mlds fny esa n;k uke dh ekuork ugha gSA mls ;g ugha irk fd cdjk esa jke ,oa xk; esa [kqnk gSA fgUnw viuk ewnkZ xaxk esa izokfgr djrk gS vkSj eqlyeku dczxkg esa nQu djrk gS& ,d gh rq#d fgUnw] ,d gh txg ls vkoghaA nksfc/kk dh jlh cVh ds] fgUnw rq#d c/kkoghaAA fgUnw Hkqykos eafny esa] rq#d egthn esa HkwykA nquksa dh efr Hkqyk;k] nquksa vgacqf) esa QwykAA cdjk esa jke cksys gS] xb;k esa cksys [kksnkbZA fny esa jge uk vkogha] gjf’kr gks Nqjh pykbZAA viuk eqnkZ ys tkoS] dcwj xaxk esa yxkoSA lqcpunklh leq>kos] cnyk iqjcqt esa ikoSAA42 Hkkjrh; lekt esa ukjh dh fofp= fojks/kkHkkle;h fLFkfr jgh gS ,d vksj mls nsoh ,oa iwT;k ekuk x;k nwljh vksj eks{k ekxZ esa cka/kk Mkyus okyh ek;k crk;k x;kA lqcpu nklh ds dkO; esa ukjh ds nks :i feyrs gSa& ,d dkfeuh nwljk ifrozrk rFkk lrh&lk/oh

20

dk :iA tgk¡ rd eS lar lkfgR; esa efgyk larksa dks i<+k gS&ehjkckbZ] n;kckbZ] lgtksckbZ ,oa ckojh lkfgck bR;kfn lar dof;f=;ksa us ukjh fuUnk ugha dh gSA lqcpu nklh mu efgyk larksa ls fcYdqy vyx ukjh ds nqcZy i{k ij gh vk/kkr fd;k gSA ukjh ds dkfeuh :i dk o.kZu djrs gq, mUgksaus fy[kk gS fd ukjh vfXu dh dq.M gS ftldh m’.krk nwj rd tkrh gSA ukjh dk lqUnj Hkky liZ dh ef.k ds leku gSA ukjh ds lkgp;Z ls euq’; czãp;Z] vk;q] cy] cqf) [kks nsrk gSA ukjh fo’k ds leku gS] ftls ns[krs gh fo’k p<+us yxrk gS vkSj mls [kkus ij ej tkrk gSA43 ogha ij ,sls iq#’kksa dh Hkh fuUnk dh gSa tks ijukjh esa vuqjDr jgrs gSaA muds fopkj ls ijkbZ L=h esa vuqjDr jgus okyk vYidky ds fy, Hkys gh vkuUn dk vuqHko djsa] vUrr% og lewy :i ls u’V gks tkrk gS& ukjh dgksa dh ukgjh] dksbZ tu ykoks laxA nlksa “kh”k jkou dVs] ij ukjh ds laxAA ij ukjh ijlUu gks;] ns uk lds dqN vkSjA ew= ik= vkxs /kjs] ;gha ujd dh BkSjAA44 bl izdkj ls lar lqcpu nklh dk laiw.kZ lkfgR; tu&dY;k.k ,oa lektfgr gsrq visf{kr gSA mUgksaus ml ijelÙkk dks l`f’V ds leLr miknkuksa esa ekuk gSaA eu dk Hkze gh ek;k gSA txr uk”koku gSA Kku] ;ksx] HkfDr] izse ds ekxZ }kjk izHkq dks tkuk tk ldrk gSA lkekftd fopkj/kkjk ds vUrxZr tkfrokn ,oa okákpkj dk [kaMu] rhFkZ;k=k] ewfrZiwtk dk fojks/k] fgUnw&eqfLye ,drk dk izfriknu rFkk dkfeuh L=h dh /kksj fuUnk] ifrozrk L=h dh iz”kalk dks vius dkO; dk fo’k; cukdj lekt dks ,d u;k ekxZ fn[kk;kA

bl NksVs ls vkys[k esa lqcpu nklh dh ,d >yd ek= feyrh gSA budks ns[kus ds fy, rks Lora= “kks/k dh vko”;drk gSA lan HkZ% 1- ftyk xkthiqj ekStk Msgek] lqcpu tUe ik;k gSA Hkkjr [k.M esa Msgek /kU; gS] dk;LFk dqy dey f[kyk;k gSAA &lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`- 1 2- firk nyflaxkj /ku tx esa] /kuh eqUuh dks[k tUeh gSA&ogh] i`- 1 3- tqxqy fd”kksj dh ukjh] lqcpu nklh lqUu ekaghA&ogh] i`- 2 4- jke ghjk nkl xq# ukxk gS mnklh gks jkekA czã _f’k&czã _f’k lqcpu nklh gks jkekAA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`- 44 5- ghjknkl xq# gekjs fny esa lek jgk gSA&lqcpu nklh] izserjafx.kh] i`- 8 6- ogh] i`- 7 7- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`- 55 8- vn~Hkqr lq[k dgka yfx eSa xkokas] xwaxk xqM+ ds lonok ukA&ogh] i`- 69 9- gn~n ls csgn~n ds ikjs] /kqu mBs lqUu lsA vkos u tkos] tUe eju fouklk jkeAA&ogh] i`- 57 10- uk Hkkjk uk gydk gS rw] ufga iouk ufga ikuhA js[k :i dNq ufga ikokas] dkSu “kCn dh cksyAA&ogh] i`- 57 11- lqcpu nklh d`r *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`119 12- lc esa C;kid ,d jgkbZ] vkRe czã dgkbZA&lqcpu nklh] izserjafx.kh] i`- 2 13- fejxk ds ukHkh esa lqxa/k dLrqfj;k gksA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`-] 36 14- vkre czã dks R;kxh] ikgu <w<+s /kkos vkjs gkaAA&ogh] i`- 36 15- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&5] vuqHko izdk”k] i`- 90 16- ty lqf[k tk; /kke uk lq[kS] rRo ru ufl vkRek u nw[kSA&ogh] i`- 16 17- }Sr feVS v}Sr ns[kkos] fgr vufgr esa vkre njlkoSA cht esa c`{k c`{kk esa cht gS] lq#t esa /kke m’.krk tukosA vkRek esa czã vkRek czã gh esa] ty eas rjax cqycqyk dgkosAA &ogh] i` 16 18- izsrjafx.kh] i`- 62 19- ek;k en ih ds eu Mkse/kkmt djsA dke Øks/k yksHk Mkg b’kkZ ifyokj] ukrh iksrk dyg dyiuk vikjsA nqeZfr dqefr vjksflu ijksflu] fufl fnu dyg esa lalkj dks gjsA

eu ds cl es iM+gq tfu I;kjs] lqefr ds lax lqcpu eu ekjsAA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh*] Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`118 20 lqcpu nklh] izserjafx.kh] i`- 19 21- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh*] Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`- 1 22- lqcpu nklh] izserjafx.kh] i`- 2 23- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`- 73 24- eu dks thrk txr thrk] lqcpu nklh eu ehrkA&lqcpu nklh] izserjafx.kh] i`- 12 25- vUrj esa Kku vuqHkkS ikoSA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`- 5 26- uke ds cht cksvu tc ykxh] Kku ds v¡[kqvk fnu fnu tkxhA&lqcpu nklh] *iszerjafx.kh* Hkkx&5] vuqHko izdk”k] i`7 27- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`- 40 28- ehu ds ekjx fogax ds pky] vpy gS /;ku lqesjA&ogh] i`57 29- ogh] i`- 40 30- Qy fcu o`{k fuj fcu dwik] Hkxfr ghu uj mYyw l#ikA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&5] vuqHko izdk”k] i`4 31- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`-73 32- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`49 33- gfj vuqjkx mBs mj ekagh] ldy ek;k HkeZ ukl gks tkghaA &lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh*] Hkkx&5] vuqHko izdk”k] i`- 4 34- lqcpu nklh] izserjafx.kh] i`- 62 35- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`- 6 36- lcesa C;kid ,d jgkbZ tkfr cju fcyxkbZA&lqcpu nklh izserjafx.kh] i`- 4 37- tkfr cju dqy dje u tkuh] gfj dks Hkts lks gfj esa lekuhA&ogh] i`- 30 38- deZ dkaM ftlus QWlk] dky :i gks; [kk;A deZ vdeZ nwuksa NqVs] rc lqcpu lq[k ik;AA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&5] vuqHko izdk”k] i`- 4 39- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`- 67 40- Hkwys Hkwys fQjs rhjFk esa] [kkstr ukgh vius ,fg ru esaA&lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&4] viwoZ foykl] i`- 29 41- rhjFk crZ ikgu iwtk] Hkje esa flj fy;s cks>kA&lqcpu nklh *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`-21 42- lqcpu nklh] *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&5] vuqHko izdk”k] i`88&89 43- ogh] i`- 73 44- lqcpu nklh *izserjafx.kh* Hkkx&2] foKku lkxj] i`-40

MkW- Jhifr ;kno dh rhu dfork,a Hksn dSlk

Cksd kjh

;kn vkrk gS

v;ks/;k cl v;ks/;k gSA ge ugha ns[krs ekuo&ekuo esa Hksn Hksn rks v;ks/;k esa gSA bUlku vkSj iRFkj esa Hksn fdarq vYyk&bZ”oj esa Hksn dSlk\ lcdk ?kj cukus okys dk ?kj cukus okyk dSlk\ ekuksxs rks jgksxs ugha] rks ---------

Hkyk csdkjh esa vkneh cksyrk gS eqag cUn djds jguk fu;r cu tkrh gSA fny esa dld eu elksl dj jg tkrk gSA vk¡[kksa ns[kk Hkh dHkh >wB cu tkrk gS( ,dkar esa eu dh ckr vk¡[kksa ds jkLrs fudyrh gSA

ek¡ dk vk¡py ek¡ dk nw/k nknk&nknh dk I;kj opiu dh ;knsa ?kj&xk¡o] [ksr&[kfygku( viuksa ls nwj eu dks ckj&ckj ;kn vkrk gSA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

21

lk{kRdkj

fganh dk Hkfo"; vrho mTToy gS eSa rks fgUnh dks fo'oHkk"kk ds mPp LFkku ij ns[krk gw¡ ;gk¡ izLrqr gS dukMk esa jgdj ;ksx vkSj fgUnh dh lsok djus okys vkpk;Z lanhi dqekj R;kxh ls izfl) lkfgR;dkj MkW- lq/kk vkse <haxjk dh ckrphr ds lEikfnr va”k& vki vius ckjs esa dqN crk;saxs\mÙkj çns'k esa tuin fctukSj dh rglhy pk¡niqj ds varxZr gekjk xk¡o fllkSuk {ks=h; xzkE;kapy dk 'kq# ls gh fljekSj jgk gSA bfrgkl ]f'k{kk o fodkl vkfn lHkh – f"V;ksa ls fllkSuk ,d çfrf”Br xzke gSAukS lkS o”kZ iwoZ gekjs ifjokj ds iwoZtksa us gh bl xk¡o dks clk;k FkkA eSa Lo;a dks vrho xkSjokfUor vuqHko djrk gw¡ fd R;kxh czkã.kksa ds ,d lqlaL—r ifjokj esa esjk tUe blh xk¡o esa ƒŠflrEcj lu ƒ‹‰‰bZådks gqvkAvius firk dh pkj larkuks esa eSa f}rh;Øe ij gw¡] cM+s HkkbZ lq'khydqekj R;kxh Þvferß ¼,e-,]ih-,p-Mh]½ ,d vf}rh; çfrHkk laiUu fgUnh lkfgR;dkj rFkk fo}ku çk/;kid gSaA eq>ls NksVh nksuksa cgusa uferk R;kxh o vferk R;kxh lqf'kf{kr lkSE; vkSj vkn'kZ Hkkjrh; laLdkjksa ls lth l¡ojh gekjs ifjokj dh >yeykrh ekyk ds eq[; eksfr;ksa lh gSa vkSj vc viuh viuh llqjky esa lifjokj dq'ky gSaA esjs firk Jh;'kiky flag R;kxh ,oa fir`O; Jh;'kdqekj flag R;kxh ¼pkpk th½ lk/kkj.k fdlku gksdj Hkh vlk/kkj.k xq.kksa ls ;qä gSa vkSj cpiu ls vkt rd esjs çFke vkn'kZ gSaA esjs ppsjs rhu Hkkb;ksa esa lcls cM+s M‚-lat; R;kxh ;ksx]vk;qosZn ds lQy fl)gLr fpfdRld gksus ds lkFk lkFk egf"kZ d.kkn fo|kihB ds lapkyd gSaA çkP; ,oa vokZP; f'k{kk ds bl dsaæ esa yxHkx †åå fo|kFkhZ bl l= esa v/;;u dj jgs gSaA nwljs HkkbZ vt; dqekj R;kxh Þlaxhr çHkkdjß lqe/kqj d.B ds /kuh gSa vkSj lEçfr dukMk esa viuh xk;dh ds ek/;e ls Hkkjrh; v/;kRe dk çpkj dj jgs gSaA lcls NksVs HkkbZ M‚-fot;

dqekj R;kxh ¼laL—r çoäk xq:dqy dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky;½ dk ckYehfd jkek;.k ij xq#dqy dk¡xM+h fo'ofo|ky; ls fd;k x;k ih,p-Mh'kks/k çca/k Hkkoh oS¸;kdj.kksa ds fy, ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gksxkA bu lHkh HkkbZ;ksa ds lkFk tgk¡ rd esjs ifjp; dh ckr gS lks eSa rks Lo;a gh ç;Ru'khy gw¡ Lo;a ls ifjfpr gksus dk Aftruk Hkh lehi vk ldk gw¡ Lo;a ds og ek= bafxr gh gS fd bl vKkr thou esa dqN Hkh rks lEçKkr ugha gSAfQj Hkh xq#dqy egkfo|ky; Tokykiqj gfj}kj esa ƒ„o”kksaZ rd iwT;firkeg iafMr gfjflag R;kxh ¼ckck th½ ds Jhpj.kksa ds lkFk lkFk vU; lHkh xq#tukas ds vk'khokZn ls tks dqN Hkh fo|ktZu LoYi efr ls dj ldk mlh dks viuk ikFks; cukdj pjSosfr pjSosfr Jqfr dk ikyu djrs gq, fujUrj pyrk pyk tk jgk gw¡ vKkr vuUr thou&;k=k ijA dukMk esa foxr nl o"kksaZ ls Lokra«;&;ksx ¼Freedom Yogaa½ ds }kjk tks Hkh uj&ukjk;.k lsok gks ldh gS mldk Js; Hkh ijefirk ijekRek dh ml vlEçKkr —ik dks gh tkrk gSA oks vdkj.k d#.k bZ'oj le; le; ij dksbZ uk dksbZ 'kqHkfpard esjs thou iFk dk çn'kZu djus ds fy;s Hkstrk jgrk gSAeq> Þnhiß dks vius usg ls thfor j[kus okys mu lHkh fuLi`g fe=ksa dh ukekoyh tks eSa nsus yx tkÅ¡ vU; nwljs ys[k vkfn ds fy, vkidks fgUnh psruk ds bl vad esa LFkkukHkko gks tk,xkA ;ksa rks Hkkjro"kZ esa Hkh esjs fe=ksa dh vPNh [kklh la[;k gS ysfdu dukMk dh /kjrh ls iw.kZr: vifjfpr eq> tSls O;fä ds ƒå o"kksaZ esa brus çxk<+ 'kqHkfpUrd gks tkuk [kqn eq>dks Hkh vpfEHkr djrk gSAesjs thou dh lathouh esjh

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

lg/kfeZ.kh ;ksxf'kjksef.k Jhefr gsyh R;kxh rFkk vkB ekl dh fcfV;k lekf/kdyk R;kxh ds fcuk esjs vfLrÙo dh dYiuk Hkh vlaHko gSA esjh lqUnj ls lqUnj dYiuk Hkh 'kk;n gh dHkh esjh iRuh dh yko.;e;h dkfUr o vkUrfjd lkSE; ljyrk dk vkdyu dj ldsA fcfV;k lekf/kdyk dks ;fn gfjoa'k jk; cPpu th dh rtZ ij eSa viuh loZJs"B lokZf/kd lqUnjre jpuk dgw¡ rks dksbZ vfr'k;ksfä ugha gksxhA bu nksuksa dk lkgp;Z gh esjs thou vkSj esjs dkO; dh lkFkZdrk gSA ;gh esjh dforkvksa dh çsj.kk vkSj fpj thoarrk gSaA eSa dguk pkgw¡xk fd& fcu usg T;ksfr T;ksa nhi A fcu Lokfr fcUnq T;ksa lhiA R;ksafg lekf/k] gsyh fcu O;fFkr fody lanhi 1- vki dks fy[kus dh çsj.kk dc vkSj dgk¡ ls feyh \ ;ksa rks gekjs ifjokj dh f'k{kk ds vk/kkj LrEHk iwT;ckck Jh gfjflag R;kxh th gSaAftuds cstksM+ dkO; laxzg Þgjhfrekß dh dkQh dfork,a eq>s daBLFk gSa] ysfdu cM+s HkkbZ Jh lq'khy th dks mudh lqanj dforkvksa xhrksa xtyksa ij lHkh ls feyh okgokgh us gh eq>s çsfjr fd;k fd dqN muds tSlk cuw¡A eSaus lq'khy th dks viuk çsjd ekudj d{kk vkB esa igyh ckj dqN 'kCn la;kstu dk ç;Ru fd;k fdUrq mudh dfork dk çfrf"Br Lrj ns[ kdj 'keZ vkSj ladksp ls viuh tksM+&rksM+ dks fdlh dks Hkh fn[kkus ds yk;d u le> dj u"V dj fn;kAfdUrq eu gh eu Bku fy;k fd ,d fnu lcls cf<+;k dfork fy[kuh gh gSA lkFk gh fopkj fd;k fd HkkbZ

22

lkgc rks fgUnh esa fy[krs gSa ysfdu eSa laL— r esa fy[kw¡ xk ftlls dksbZ Hkh eq>s mudk çfrLi/khZ ;k udyph ugha le>sxkA lcls cf<+;k dfork fy[kus dh ;gh Hkkouk eq>s jkrfnu txk;s j[krh FkhA xq#dqy esa i<+rs gq, bl çdkj pkj lky rd eSa çrh{kk djrk jgk ysfdu yk[k ç;kl djus ij Hkh dqN 'kCn tqM+ ugha ldsA,d fnu vuk;kl 'kke dks Hkw[k u yxus dh çrhfr lh gqbZ tks eq> tSls Hkkstufç; fo|kFkhZ ds thou dh çFke vifjfpr vuqHkwfr Fkh] eq>s vPNh rjg ;kn gS mlls igys eSaus dHkh Hkh ,d fnu rks D;k ,d od~r rd dk Hkkstu ozr ;k miokl ds cgkus rd ls Hkh ugha x¡ok;k FkkA eq>s Bhd Bhd ;kn gS lU ƒ‹‹… bZåds fnlEcj ekl dh oks …ƒ rkjh[k FkhA dkxt dye ysdj eSa cSB x;k] vkSj dqN dk dqN fy[kus yxkA jkr Hkj ;gh flyflyk pyrk jgkA lqcg yxHkx … cts /;ku vk;k dh †-…åcts mBuk Hkh rks gSA D;ksafd xq#dqy esa çkr: †-…å cts lHkh dks mBdj fnup;kZ 'kq# djuh gksrh gSA blesa foyEc gksus dh rks xqatkb'k gh ukeqefdu gSA [kSj lqcg mBus ij jkr esa fy[ks pkj laL—r 'yksd iappkej N~Un esa eSaus vius ckck th dks fn[kk;s bu 'yksdksa esa ls igys nks 'yksd ljLofr&oanuk rFkk vU; nks 'yksd rRdkyhu cEcbZ cEc dkaM dh fo"k; oLrq dks miknku cukdj fy[ks x;s FksA ckckth ds ekxZ n'kZu vkSj vk'khokZn feyus ds ckn eSa vius cM+s HkkbZ lq' khy th ds lq>ko ij fgUnh la L—r lkfgR;kdk'k ds tkToY;eku u{k= Lo-M‚lR;ozr 'kekZ Þvts;ßth ds ikl viuh jpuk ysdj x;kA Nan vkfn dh –f"V ls mUgksaus eq>s dqN funsZ'k fn;sA vkSj leL;kiwfrZ ds fy, fuEu iafä nsrs gq, dgk& lanhi ÞHkko ds vHkko esa dkO; dyk O;FkZ gSA iafä esa vxyh iafä tksM+ks!** vkSj vuk;kl esjs eq[k ls fudy iM+k&*Hkko ds çHkko ls gh dfork leFkZ gSA *bl çdkj T;s"BHkzkrk lq'khy th dk lkfu/; rFkk vius nksuksa dkO;xq#vksa dk çsjd funsZ'ku gh esjh vkfn çsj.kk gSA tgk¡ rd vktdy dh ckr gS lekt dk gj ân;Li’khZ –’; ;k ifjos’k esjh dkO; çsj.kk gSA 2- vkidks dfork esa gh D;ksa #fp jgh \ esjs laxhrfç; gksus ls ! rFkk dfork xk;s tkus ;ksX; gksus ls eq>s #fpdj yxrh gS]rFkk fcuk fdlh ckSf)d O;k;ke ds fd;s cxSj mn~Hkwr gksus ls dfork dks eSa ,d ijk ekuoh; çfØ;k ekurk gw¡A x|xhr ;k x|kRed i| eq>s ;fn Hkko dh –f"V ls l’kä gks rc rks fç; gSAysfdu ikBdksa ;k Jksrkvksa dks rks

D;k tks jpuk Lo;a jpf;rkvksa dks Hkh d.BLFk ugha gksrh gS] ,slh x| dfork ds çfr esjk vkd"kZ.k fo'ks"k ugha gks ldk gSA 3- vkidks ohj jl ls D;ksa vuqjkx gS \ ohj jl eq>s vius LoHkko ds lcls T;knk fudV çrhr gksrk gSA ?kqêh esa jkek;.k egkHkkjr vkfn dh dFkkvksa dk jl ihus ds dkj.k ohj jl jä cudj f'kjk vkSj /kefu;ksa esa nkSM+rk gSA cpiu ls xq#dqy esa ÞohjHkksX;k olqa/kjkß ÞvLekda ohjk: mÙkjs Hkoarqßi<+k gSA lkfgR; laxhr o n'kZu ds lkFk gh bfrgkl esjk fç; fo”k; jgk gSAbfrgkl ds xgu vè;;u ls Hkkjrh; ohjksa ds 'kkS;Ziw.kZ la?k"kZ dh xkFkkvksa dh eqgqeqZgqZ vko`fÙk us esjs psruk ra= esa Hkh la?k"kZ.k mRiUu dj ,d fctyh lh dkSa/kk nhA eSa vkt Hkh LokraR;Z rfMr dh lqo.kZjs[kkvksa ds çdk'k ls Lo;a ds ân;kdk'k dks vkyksfdr ikrk gw¡A fd'kksjkoLFkk esa esjs }kjk fy[kk ØkafrdkO; Þpaæ'ks[ kj vktkn 'krdßesjh blh Hkkouk dh vfHkO;fä gSA oSls Hkh vktdy dk vlqjf{kr ekgkSy ohj jl ds dkO;ksa ls gh cnyk tk ldrk gSA ohj jl dh jpuk,a gh gSa tks dk;jksa esa 'kkS;Z dk lapkj dj ldrh gSaA 4- fgUnh ds fdu dfo;ksa us vkidks çHkkfor fd;k \ fgUnh ds dfo;ksa esa vk/kqfud Hkkjr ds çFke jk"Vªdfo Hkw"k.k esjh igyh ilan gSaA ?kuk{kjh Nan esa ohj jl dk tks vn~Hkqr ifjikd Þf'kok ckouhß esa gqvk gSA lnSo vf}rh; jgsxkA Lora= Hkkjr ds jk"Vªdfo jke/kkjhflag Þfnudjß xqIr ca/kq] ek[kuyky prqosZnh] t;'kadj çlkn tSls lkfgR;dkjksa dh çfrHkk ls eSa lnSo vfHkHkwr jgk gw¡A 5- dukMk esa fgUnh ls vkidk fdl çdkj ls feyki gqvk \ …å ebZƒ‹‹‹ dks dukMk dh /kjrh ij vkdj eSa fganh xfrfof/k;ksa ls fcYdqy vyx Fkyx lk iM+ x;k FkkA ysfdu vknj.kh; Jh ;'knÙkk th ds ek/;e ls eSa fganh psruk ds ç/kku laiknd] lkfgR; lekt esa lek–r] lkSE; larls 'kkar Jh ';ke f=ikBh th ls feykA tks eq>s dukMk ds fgUnh lkfgR;dkjksa ds laidZ dh Master Key lkfcr gq,A dksbZ Hkh ys[kd ;k dfo eq>ls vifjfpr u jgkA vknj.kh; egkdfo Jh gfj'kadj Þvkns'kß th ds n'kZu ikdj eglwl gqvk fd tSls lk{kkRk fganh lkfgR; gh 'kjhj /kkj.k djds dukMk esa vk igq¡pk gksA 6- vkids fopkj ls fons’kks esa fgUnh fd D;k fLFkfr gS \

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

fo'ks"k:i ls VksjUVks esa \ fganh dk Hkfo"; vrho mTToy gS eSa rks fgUnh dks fo'oHkk"kk ds mPp LFkku ij ns[krk gw¡A fons'kksa esa fgUnh dh fLFkfr vR;ar etcwr gSA lkfgfR;d –f"V ls ;gk¡ ds jpukdkj Lrjh; gSaA fo'ks"k:i ls VksjaVks esa fganh dh fofo/k fo/kkvksa esa jpk tk jgk lkfgR; fgUnqLrku ds Lo;aHkw fganh m)kjdksa dks vkbuk fn[kk jgk gSA ysfdu fQj Hkh vxj O;ofLFkr gksdj lkfgR;srj Lrj ij Hkh ge fons'kksa esa fgUnh dk çpkj&çlkj djsa] rks og fnunwj ugha tc fgUnh dk ijpe Hkkjrh;srj ewy ds yksx Hkh vius gkFkksa esa Fkke [kq'kh [kq'kh Qgjk,axsA Hkkjrh; laxhr];ksx vkfn lHkh fo|kvksa ds lkFk lkFk c‚yhoqM ds dkj.k Hkh lkfgR;srj fgUnh dh yksd fç;rk fnunwuh jkr pkSxquh c<+ jgh gSA O;kolkf;d {ks= esa Hkh Hkkjr dh idM+ etcwr gksus ls fganh fo'o Lrj ij laidZ Hkk"kk cudj mHkj jgh gSA VksjaVks bldk mi;qä mnkgj.k gSA u tkus fdrus vaxzsth Hkk"kh dukfM;u ukxfjd ;k fofHkUu ns'kksa ds vkçoklh tu fgUnh cksyus okys yksxksa ds O;kikfjd çfr"Bkuksa ij gh [kjhnkjh djuk ilan djrs gSaA 7- vc rd fd vkidh fgUnh fd ;k=k dSlh jgh \ dkO;l`tu rFkk v/;;uk/;kiu nksuksa gh –f"V;ksa ls esjh fganh dh ;k=k cM+h xkSjo'kkyh jghA laL—r ls fy[kuk 'kq# djds eq>s fgUnh esa viuh dkO;&/kkjk çokfgr djuh iM+h D;ksafd lekt dh lelkef;d vfHkO;fä dks vius dkO; esa çfr/ofur djus ds fy, eq>s ekr`Hkk"kk fganh gh mi;qä yxhA fgUnh esa vHkhrd vktkn&'krd dsvykok Þlk¡>ß ¼dkO;laxzg½ rFkk „åå LQqV dforkvksa dk ladyu 'kh?kz çdk'; gSA lkFk gh vkaXyHkk"kk esa fy[kh esjh 75 poems Hkh freedom freedom love love ds Titel ls Nius ds fy, rS;kj gSaA fgUnh@vaxzsth Hkk"kkvksa esa fy[kh tk jgh esjh vkRedFkk Hkkx&ƒ “The confessions of A priest” vius vki esa ,d foæksgh jpuk gS vkSj esjs vius thou ds la?k"kksaZ dh nkLrka c;ka djrh gSA lekt ds èkkfeZd jktuSfrd <k¡ps dks /oLr djus ij rqys vlkekftd rÙoksa dh [kky [khapus ds fy;s tksfd dkQh dqN gSA esjs dkO; dh ckuxh ns[kus ds fy, dqN jpuk, aSandeephwg-blogspot-com ij pkSchlksa ?kaVs miyC/k gSaA irk& Georgian College Orangeville ON Canada ;k 31 Pantages Court Brampton ON Canada L6S 5B7 www.freedomyoga.ca Ph. 647 282 2529

fgUnh psruk ls lkHkkj

23

ukjh foe'kZ

ukjh tkx`fr % orZeku ifjn`';

og fLFkfr;ksa ls tw>rs gq, vkxs c<+ jgh gSA izxfr dh ped ds fy, mldh jpukRed 'kfDr lgh <kapk ryk'k jgh gSA fQj Hkyk mldk izxfr iFk iz'kLr D;ksa ugha gksxk\

ds0,l0 rwQku

vkxs ugha fudy tkus nsuk pkgrk gSA ijUrq vkt Hkh la?k"kksZa ls tw>rs gq, efgyk us viuh izfro"kZ 8 ekpZ dks leLr fo'o esa vkfn ds uke xoZ ds lkFk fy;s tk ldrs gSaA 'kfDr] lkgl vkSj fo'okl ls izxfr ds ekxZ ßvUrjkZ"Vªh; efgyk fnolÞ euk;k tkrk gSA lqHkk"k pUæ cksl] ljnkj oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy] dks iz'kLr fd;k gSA oks thou dh gj pqukSrh bl iq#"k izèkku lekt esa ukfj;ksa us ;g fl) tokgj yky ugs: tSls usrkvksa us Hkh L=h dh dk lkeuk djrs gq, iq#"k ls vkxs tkrh dj fn;k gS fd os fdlh Hkh izdkj ls de ugha izxfr dk ekxZ iz'kLr fd;kA ns'k ds egku fn[kk;h ns jgh gSA ghuHkkouk ikys gq, iq#"k gSaA ckrs pkgs pk¡n ij tkus dh gksa vFkok lekt lq/kkjd jktkjke eksgu jk; us 19 oha ds fy;s tkx:d vkSj lkeF;Ziw.kZ ukjh dk leqæ esa xksrk[kksjh dhA ?kj esa nkf;Ro fuHkkus lnh esa gh L=h&fojks/kh dqjhfr;ksa ^ckyfookg fojks/k vc mruk vklku ugha gS] ftruk fd dh gks ;k lhek ij lqj{kk dh] lHkh esa ukfj;ka vkSj lrhizFkk* ds fojks/k esa vfHk;ku NsM+k] og lksps gq, cSBk gSA vkt lekt esa efgyk [kjh fl) gks jgh gSaA bfUnjk xk¡/kh] izfrHkk ftlds dkj.k L=h ds fgr esa cuus okys vusd dh lfØ; Hkwfedk dks udkjk ugha tk ldrk gSA viuh vusd Hkwfedkvksa ds chp lkeatL; ikfVy] ehjk dqekj] lksfu;k xk¡èkh ls ysdj dkuwuksa dh i`"BHkwfe rS;kj gqbZA vkt fLFkfr ;g gS fd vus d jkT;ks a fcBkus dh dksf'k'k esa ukjh dbZ ckj ruko rhtu ckbZ] v:a/kfrjk;] dYiuk pkoyk] 'kksHkuk ukjk;.k] 'kqHkk eqnxy] ih-Vh- Å"kk] lkfu;k dh jktuhfr dk pØ efgyk jktuhfrKksa ds xzLr gksrh gS] exj viuh vkLFkk dh ykS dks / fetkZ] lk;uk usgoky] fdj.k csnh] —".kk iwfu;k] bnZ&fxnZ ?kwe jgk gS] ftlls dsUæh; jktuhfr khek ugha iM+us nsrhA og fLFkfr;ksa ls tw>rs Tokyk xêk] cNsUæh iky] eerk lksnk rFkk Hkh izHkkfor gSA viuk jktuhfrd Hkfo"; laokjus gq, vkxs c<+ jgh gSA izxfr dh ped ds fy, vydk rksej tSlh yk[kksa efgyk,a ,slh gSa] ds fy, iq#"kksa dks bu efgyk jktuhfrKksa ds mldh jpukRed 'kfDr lgh <kapk ryk'k ftudh igpku muds firk vFkok ifr ls vkJ; esa tkuk iM+k gSA cgqtu lekt ikVhZ] jgh gSA fQj Hkyk mldk izxfr iFk iz'kLr ugha] oju~ Lo;a muds uke ls gSA eaxs'kdj r`.kewy dkaxzsl vkSj vUukæeqd tSlh rhu cM+h D;ksa ugha gksxk\ vktknh vkSj yksdra= dh yM+kbZ esa cguksa esa Hkyk yrk] vk'kk ,oa m"kk dks dkSu jktuhfrd ikfVZ;ksa dh deku Øe'k% ek;korh] eerk cuthZ vkSj t; yfyrk ds gkFkksa esa gSA cgqr&lh efgyk,a jktuhfrd f{kfrt ij mHkjh ugha tkurkA gSaA ,uhcslsaV] fot; y{eh if.Mr] lqpsrk — lEiw.kZ lekt dh izxfr dk bfrgkl ;s rhuksa eq[;ea=h Hkh gSaA Hkkjrh; jktuhfr es a dHkh&dHkh futh iykuh] ljkstuh uk;Mw] bfUnjk xk¡/kh vkfn us dqN o"kksZa dk bfrgkl ugha gqvk djrkA Hkkjrh; fL=;ksa us tks izxfr dh og fodflr jk"Vªksa dh ppkZvksa vkSj vukSipkfjd ckrphr esa jk"Vªh; vktknh dh yM+kbZ ds bfrgkl esa gh ugha] fL=;ksa dh izxfr ds eqdkcys cgqr /kheh dgh usrkvksa dh orZeku o`) ih<+h ds ckn ds usr`Ro vktkn Hkkjr ds mRFkku vkSj fodklkRed tk,xhA ,slk blfy, Hkh gqvk fd gesa Lo;a ds ^vdky* dks ysdj 'kadk, O;Dr dh tkrh bfrgkl dks x<+us esa Hkh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vktkn gksus dk volj dkQh nsj ls feykA gSaA vxyh ih<+h ds usr`Ro ds loky ij tks fuHkkbZA blds ckotwn iq#"k }kj efgykvksa ij ijra= mifuos'k cus jgdj u ns'k izxfr djrk vusd uke mNkys tkrs gSa] muesa T;knkrj gksus okys vR;kpkjksa esa deh gksrh utj ugha gS vkSj u lektA rks fQj L=h lekt dh iq#"k gksrs gSaA vuqHkoh fL=;ksa dk uke usr`Ro vk jgh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd jfoUæukFk fclkr gh D;k FkhA blds ckotwn rhljs fo'o dh lEHkkfor lwph esa ugha gksrk& ;g iq#"k Bkdqj] 'kjrpUæ pêksik/;k; ,oa izsepUn tSls ds ns'kksa esa gekjh fLFkfr bruh yTtktud Hkh lRrkRed <kaps dh ijEijkxr lksp dk gh mPp dksfV ds jpukdkjksa us viuh jpukvksa ugha gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd gekjs ifj.kke gSA ftlls fiz;adk xka/kh dks jktuhfr dh laosnuk dk rkuk&ckuk ukjh dh eekZard jk"Vªuk;dksa us fL=;ksa dh Lora=rk vkSj izxfr esa u ykdj dkaxzsl dk psgjk Hkh Li"V gks ihM+k vkSj la?k"kZ dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, cqukA dks lekt ds iw.kZ fodkl ds fy, vko';d tkrk gSA tcfd fiz;adk xka/kh] jkgqy xka/kh ls thou esa ;FkkFkZ ls ukjh ik=ksa dks pqudj ekukA jk"Vªfirk egkRek xk¡/kh fL=;ksa ds lUnHkZ vf/kd ifjiDo utj vkrh gSA tuekul dh 'kjrpUæ us L=h ds lkFk lekt ds vekuoh; esa vius fopkj vkSj O;ogkj esa ,d FksA egkRek lksp vkSj ekufld cqukoV ,slh gS] ftlesa vkSj Øwjrkiw.kZ O;ogkj dks fn[kkdj] L=h ds xk¡/kh ds L=h leFkZd fparu vksj O;ogkj ls fL=;ksa dh {kerk ds ,sfrgkfld vkSj orZeku izfr Hkkjrh; tuekul dks laosnu'khy cukus L=h dks cy feykA L=h&fojks/kh lkekftd mnkgj.kksa ds ckotwn] fL=;ksa dh vikj {kerkvksa dk iz;kl fd;kA mUgksaus O;kid Lrj ij joS;s dks xk¡/kh th ds bl lw= us efgykvksa ds vkSj lEHkkoukvksa dk vuqeku izk;% ugha yxk;k ys[kdksa vkSj dfo;ksa dks fL=;ksa dh i{k/kjrk ls lac) dF; iznku fd,A bl rjg lkfgR; l'kDr gksus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk;h gS& tkrkA bl rjg L=h dh izxfr dk lewpk vkSj i=dkfjrk ds ek/;e ls Hkh fL=;ksa esa ßvxj eSa L=h dk tUe yw¡] rks iq#"k dh bl / kkj.kk ds f[kykQ cxkor dj nw¡ fd L=h ifjn`'; vktknh ds igys dh fL=;ksa ds ifjn`'; vius vf/kdkjksa ds izfr psruk txhA ifjfLFkfrtU; lp Hkh ;gh gS fd mldk f[kykSuk cuus ds fy, iSnk gqbZ gSA** ls ml le; vkj{k.k u gksus ds ckotwn xka/kh th us Lok/khurk vkanksyu esa d'ehj ls furkar fHkUu gSA vktknh dh yM+kbZ yM+us vkt efgykvksa dks ?kcjkus vFkok ihNs eqM+dj ysdj dU;kdqekjh rd vusd egRoiw.kZ fBdkuksa okys gj iq#"k ØkfUrdkjh ds ihNs ØkfUdkjh ns[kus dh vko';drk ugha gSA Å¡pkb;ksa dh dh deku mUgksaus efgykvksa dks lkSai j[kh FkhA lksp fy;s efgyk gh [kM+h fn[kk;h nsrh gSA ryk'k esa fudyh ukjh tkfr ds pj.kksa esa gh bu efgykvksa esa mfeZyk csu] Hkhdkth dkek] vc vkSj rc esa vUrj flQZ bruk gS fd rc f'k[kj gSA cl mls vko';drk gS le>us ljkstuh uk;Mw] lqpsrk d`iykuh] v:.kk iq#"k dks ukjh izksRlkfgr dj jgh Fkh] vc vkSj mfpr volj dhA og fnu nwj ugha tc vklQvyh vkSj Lo;a mudh iRuh dLrwjck l{ke iq#"k ukjh 'kfDr ls lgek gqvk mldks ukjh okLrfod :i ls iwth tkus yxsxhA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

24

dfork,a vpZuk jkt

iqfurk ckok

lIri.khZ lIri.khZ ds lkrksa iÙks lqy xus yxs gSa rqEgkjs v–'; uke dh rfi'k ls gh vkSj ftudk vDl utj vkrk gS eq>s vius vk l &ik l f c[ k j s r e k e iÙ k k s a d h fpduh]pedhyh vkSj lgeh lh lwjrksa esa] gj ,d iÙks ij] eSau s gh rks fy[kk Fkk rqEgkjk uke] mlh dh Nk¡ o esa cSBdj viuh m¡ xfy;ksa ds gyds ncko Hkj ls gh] lgyk, tkus dh ueh us gh] cl mldks laHkky jD[kk gS ojuk rks oks dc dk >qyl x;k gksrk rqEgkjs uke dh rfi'k dks >syuk Hkh D;k vklku gksrk gS ] ydhjsa rks fy[krs oä gh lqyx mBh Fkha ij ehBs ,glkl Hkh tUes Fks ljkcksj gks x;h Fkh eSa vareZu rd mldh ukjax h rfi'k esa ] v/keq a n h iydks a l s gh] ifÙk; ks a dh dai daikgV ns[ k Fkke fy;k Fkk] blds lges i.k dks] viuh eqfë;ksa esa Hkhap dj ] rqEgkjk uke] tks vc rd ngdrk jgk Fkk lIri.khZ ds fpdus iÙkksa ij lqy xus yxh gS] mldh vkap vc esj s

lcz dh bUrgk ,glklksa esa Hkh esjs geuQt !!

:gkfu;r :gkfu;r dh nqfu;k esa ljgnsa ugha gksrha jok;rsa Hkh ugha ;d+hu dk bd ikdhtk flyflyk Hkj gS ;s ] lkal nj lkal xgjkrk tkrk gS Qyd is Bgjs vkQrkc dh rjg ] lfn;ksa dk Qklyk Hkh ;gk¡ nwfj;ka iSnk ugha djrk cl dqN ,glkl csgn [kkl gks tkrs gSa èkM+duksa dh ekStwnxh dk vkbuk cudj] gokvksa esa vDl Hkh ftUnk utj vkrs gSa y¶tksa esa tks mez Hkj dh nqvk;sa cu tkrs gSa fcuk fdlh dk;ns vkSj fcuk fdlh nk;js ds ] ;gk¡ b'd Hkh cl b'd gksr k gS viuh iwjh 'kkbLrxh vius iwjs tTckr ds lkFk !!

jf'e vHk; tyu

esjs lcz dh bUrgk dqN bl dnj gqbZ] t+gu us 'kCnksa dk dk;nk [kksyk] gkFkksa us fy[k Mkyk tks dqN xqt +j gqbZA xfnZ'kksa esa rkjs tc vkleka esa uk vk, ut+j] y¶+tksa dks pedk Mkyk geus vkSj iUuksa esa lcdks dbZ flrkjs vk, ut+j 'kk;n esjh fy[kkoV esa dqN vk¡ f/k;k¡ Hkh fn[ks] rwQ+kuksa us yk[k jksds jkLrs /kwy vkSj dadM+ rks esjh dye vkSj L;kgh cu ltsA dgus lquus esa 'kCnksa dks t+k;k djuk uQ+jrh fnyksa dh egfQ+yksa esa Bgkds Hkjuk balku dks balku uk ekuus dh xyrh djuk nqvk&cn~nqv k dk [ksy gels [ksyk ugha x;k tkus dkSu dHkh dqN ge rd ykSVk yk, vkSj dqN fQj ls ykSV tk, ---ysfdu& ,s [kqnk] esjs iz'uksa dk gy rq>s gh [kkstuk gksxk D;ks af d& esjs lcz dh bUrgk gks xbZ gSA

cw¡nsa vkjtw

,d eqn~nr ls fny dks tyu gksrh gSA [kq' k jgsa oks lnk tk esjh nqvk nsukA cQZ Hkh Nwr h gw¡ gkFkksa dks riu gksrh gSAA cgkj tk esj s nkeu dh gh gok nsu kAA laxs fny gksxk oks] eq>s ekywek u FkkA :Bdj py fn;s le>s cxSj ckrksa dksA ;kn vkrh gS cgqr] Vhl lue gksr h gSAA eku Hkh tkvks tks ethZ gks ltk nsukAA pkan uh] pkan &flrkjksa dk vkt D;k gksxkA ckn eqn~nr ds feys rks ,sl s feys oks A #lok gks tk;s egcwc rks d+y e jksrh gSAA etcwjh gks x;h muls gj ckr crk nsukAA lksp rh gwa fnu dk nnZ jkr ls dgwaxh exjA vka[ k yxrs gh utj vkrs gS [okc esa A jkr <yrh gS rks fny dks Fkdu gksrh gSAA [okcksa fejs ek>h dks ;g ckr crk nsukAA dkSu viuh ethZ ls jksrk gS galrk gS ;gkaA lhrk gwa cSB tkÅax h dwM+s dpjs ds <sj esaA eqLdqjkus dh rks cl jf’e pyu gksrh gSA tc ijh{kk ysuh gks rks vkx yxk nsukAA

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

cjlk tc Hkh esjh vk¡ [ kksa ls] dHkh lkou rks dHkh lkxjA ges'kk gh dqN cw¡ nksa us] fjDr fd;k dqN vkSjA ysfdu esjh bl fjDrrk ls] dgha dksbZ fopfyr uk gqvkA vkSj /khjs&/khjs ;w¡ gqvk] fd eSaus Hkh uk fd;k xkSjA cw¡ n sa fxjh dHkh xeZ /kjrh ij] rks dHkh cgrs ikfu;ksa esaA dksb Z vfLrRo ugha gksrk tgk¡ ] uk feyk bu cw¡ nksa dks dksbZ BksjA vkSj tc xgjkbZ ls ns[ kk rks] fxjh Bhd vkl&ikl lhfi;ksa dsA dguk iM+k fd O;FkZ gSa os cw¡ nsa] ^ftUgsa dksbZ lhi uk feyhA*

25

pfpZr dfof;=h vuhrk BDdj dh rhu dfork,a eqEcbZ ds yksx dqN bl rjg ls thrs gSa eqEcbZ ds yksx

dgkuh dksjs dkxt dh

nkSM+rs gSa csrgk’kk eqEcbZ ds yksax A lkspsa Hkyk dSls dHkh vkSjksa ds fy,

Hkw[k mxh gS vc [ksrksa esa] es?k ekaxrs ikuh

[kqn dh gh ugha jk[k ikrs gSa [kcj] eqEcbZ ds yksxA

dksjs gh dkxt dh i<+rs gS] vc yksx dgkuh

ryk”krs gSa lqcg ‘kke viuh xyh dks

ftruh lhaph xbZ /kfj=h

HkVdrs gSa ;gkW bl rjg ls eqEcbZ ds yksxA

mruh gh og cka> gqbZ

lksrs gq, QqVikFk ij Hkh viuh vka[kks esa

ftlus fn;k ifluk viuk

egyksa ds LoIu ikyrs gSa eqEcbZ ds yksxA

?kj mlds gh lka> gqbZ

ftanxh thus dk Hkh dksbZ rks lcc gS

xqelqe cSBh gS dksus esa] vc gy/kj dh jkuh

ij ;wagh ft, tkrs gSa eqEcbZ ds yksxA

dksjs gh dkxt dh i<rs gS] vc yksx dgkuh

uoo’kZ ;g vk’kk gS mtkyk fy, lkFk

ckrksa ds iqy cus gq, Fks

jks’ku djks vc ftanxh dks eqEcbZ ds yksxA

,d iRFkj ls VwV x, lHkh jklrs ;gka Áxfr ds

d’ehjh vkSjr

fdrus ihNs NwV x;s

d’ehjh vkSjr ekW cuus ls ?kcjkrh gS

ekax jgh vc [kks;k cpiu] HkVdh gqbZ tokuh

xj cSVk iSnk gqvk

dksjs gh dkxt dh i<+rs gSa] vc yksx dgkuh

rks

Qkby esa uRFkh gks&gksdj

vkradokn dk f’kdkj gksx

liuksa us ne rksM+ fn;k

xj cSVh iSnk gqbZ

geus mUgsa fcuk ns[ks gh

rks

vxys vadks esa tksM+ fn;k

cykRdkj dk f’kdkj gksxh

‘kCn ckWVrs jgs lHkh dks ge gSa ,sls nkuh

d’ehjh vkSjr ekWW cuus ls ?kcjkrh gS----------------A

dksjs gh dkxt dh i<+rs gSa] vc yksx dgkuh A

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

26

MkW- lq'khy dqekj R;kxh

vefudk

ik¡p iafDr;ksa dh ,d dfork] ftlesa ,d gh ckr dks pkj rjhds ls pkj NUn lqHkk"k&'krd ls dgus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA [kkl ckr ;s gS fd ik¡p iafDr;ksa esa iw.kZ gksa iz;kl lHkh] I;kl u fdlh dh jgs] ls Åij&uhps ls dksbZ Hkh nks iafDr ysus ij ckr iwjh gks tkrh gSA lq / kk&o` f"V dj gj! {kq / kk gj nhft,A vk'kk gS lqf/k ikBd vkSj leh{kd vefudk dks u;h fo/kk ds :i Kku dk izdk'k ee] ekul easa gksos lnk] &veu dqekj R;kxh mj es a iq u hr Hkkouk,a Hkj nhft,A esa Lohdkj djsaxsA /kU;okn cPpk&cPpk usrk th lqHkk"kpUnz cksl gksos] ,s lh uo&l` f"V iz Hkks ! vc dj nhft,A ok.kh esa feBkl ys[kuh dk gks fodkl lnk] dkO; gks Þvferß izHkks! ,slk oj nhft,AA ¼1½ Hkq [ kejh] gkgkdkj] 'kks " k.k] dq ; kruk;s a Hkkjr&ekrk ls vkSj] lgh ugha tkrh FkhA vcyk&lh fnu&jkr] QwV&QwV jksrh Fkh ;s] os nuk Þvferß ru&eu >qy lkrh FkhAA v¡ xjsth 'kklu Fkk] dal ds dq'kklu&lk eq[k ls fo:) ckr] fudy u ikrh FkhA gks xbZ Fkh gkoh ijrU=rk LorU=rk iS] Hkkjr dh nhu&n'kk] fny dks nq[kkrh FkhAA ¼2½ xqykeh dh tathjksa esa] tdM+s iM+s Fks ge] v¡x js t ge ij] t q y e <gkr s Fk s A ukS d j&lk gels os ] djrs Fks O;ogkj] vkSj gesa Þvferß os] ÞMkSxß crykrs FksAA lkFk&lkF lM+dksa iS] pyus u nsrs gesa] pyrksa dks tkfye os] dksM+s yxokrs FksA euekuk gedks lrkrs Fks os fnu&jkr] vkSj ge eq[k ls u] mQ dj ikrs FksAA ¼3½ t[keks a iS ued gekjs eyrk Fkk nq" V] nnZ dh iqdkj dksbZ ugha lqu ikrk FkkA ehu ls Þvferß ge] rM+Q jgs Fks nhu] isze ls u dksbZ gesa] ikl fcBykrk FkkAA ix&ix Mk¡ V &QVdkj ds f'kdkj eku] va x js t ge ij gq d q e r pykrk FkkA ?kw¡V fo"k dk gh gesa] mlus fiyk;k lnk] Hkwjh fcYyh tSlh fut] vk¡[k fn[kykrk FkkAA ¼4½ ,d&,d VqdMs+s ds] djds Þvferß Hkkx] vkil esa [kq'kh&[kq'kh] isze ls Fks ck¡VrsA dHkh&dHkh vk/k eqÎh Hkj lÙkq [kkdj gh] thou ds xexhu] fnol Fks dkVrs A A jÙkh Hkj tks u dHkh] Qk¡dus dks dqN feyk] rc VdVdh yxk] xxu Fks rkdrs A QqV ikFkksa ij 'oku&le tw¡Bh iÙkyksa dks] og Hkkjrh; Hkw [ ks ] ckyd Fks pkVrs A A

1 eSa ,d pjkx+ dh rjg tyus esa jg x;k ekSle dh rjg jkst+ cnyus esa jg x;k gj gelQ+j us jkg esa /kksdk fn;k eq>s eafty u vkbZ vkSj eSa pyus esa jg x;k lwjt dh rjg jkst+ fudyus esa jg x;k 2 x hr x kus dk s th p kg rk g S Á hr i kus dk s th p kg rk g S > h y l h x g j h v k ¡[k rs j h i kl v kus dk s th p kg rk g S M wc t kus dk s th p kg rk g S 3 eSa vkalw rqEgkjs Nydus u nwaxk gok ls fpjkx+k s a dks cq >us u nw ax k esjh ft+anxh ,d cgrk gS nfj;k eSa nfj;k dks gjfxt+ Hkh #dus u nwaxk d+ ne vius ih dj cgdus u nwa xk 4 ns[k es j h v k ¡[k k s a e s a D ; k g S l q u e s jh l ka l k s a e s a D ; k g S fny ls f ny dh c krsa e r dj fny] fny dh ckrksa esa D;k gS f nu e sa D ;k j krk s a e s a D ; k g S 5 [+kq'kcqvksa dh rjg eSa fc[kj tkÅ¡xk ,d txg #d x;k rks eSa ej tkÅ¡xk nqfu;k okys eq>s dqN Hkh le>k djsa eSa rks nq'eu ds Hkh vius ?kj tkÅ¡xk dksbZ vkokt+ nsxk Bgj tkÅ¡xk 6 gal gal ds esjk cPpk ijNkbZ ns[krk gS Nw & Nw ds maxfy;ksa ls rugkbZ ns[krk gS e'kgwj gks x;k gS tc ls toku gksdj gj 'kgz & 'kgz esjh :lokbZ ns[krk gS ,sls ds tSls dksbZ gjtkbZ ns[krk gS

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

7 vius tks [kkl gSa oks gels gln j[krs gSa uQ+jrsa vkSj vnkor dh jln j[krs gSa geus ns[kk gS ijs'kka gSa ;gk¡ ij oks yksx vkleka pkgrs gSa ckSuksa dk d+n j[krs gSa dke dqN djrs ugha >wBh lun j[krs gSa 8 c k r > w aBh cuk us y x s gSa Å ¡p h ck s y h y x kus yx s gS a e sg j c kuh is t ks F ks g ek j h g e ls v k¡[k s f e yk us y x s g S a o ks g al h mM + k us y xs g Sa a 9 e nk j h M e : c t k j g k F k k , d v k ¡[k vi uh nc k j g k F k k t ew j k y s Vk g q vk t +e h a i j y k sd rk af = d x q j c rk j g k F k k y xk rk j g h e q L dq j k j g k F k k 10 D;k gS nqfu;k ;s ns[k ysus nks FkksM+k eq>dks Hkh [ksy ysus nks jk r c M+h cs pSuh;k sa esa ch rh gS , d > y d v i uh ns[k ys us nk s v iuh ck g k sa e sa ? ks j ys us nk s 11 nso rk vk s a d h ck r dj rs g S a ns 'k & turk l s ? kk r dj rs g S a ik¡p lkyksa esa vk¡[k [kqyrh gS l kQ o ks Vk sa i s g k Fk d jrs gS a j kr f nu t kr& i kr d jrs gS a 12 eq > s ?kj cSBs 'kks g jr ns jgh Fkh gok Fkh xeZ yTt+r ns jgh Fkh e sj s ek F k s i s F k k e s j k i l huk [kq'kh esjh gh es g ur ns jgh Fkh vefudk eq > dks rkdr ns jgh Fkh

27

lekt

l ekt esal ka Ld `fr d l M+ ku d k ft Eesnkj d kS u\ xq t s'oj h i zl kn a

l ekpkj , t sa fl ; ksa}kjk l ekpkj i =kksa esa, slkl ekpkj Ni kgSfd , d v esfjdhHkkjrh; usv i uh Hkkjrh; cgu v kS j Hkkjrh; HkkbZdks v esfjdk dh ukxfjdrk fnykusdsfy, v i uh cgu l s' kknh dj fy; k v kS j v i uh i Ruh dk ' kknh v i us HkkbZl sdjok nhA ml v esfjdh Hkkjrh; dh n`f"V esaHkkS frd l q [kl a i Uurk ds l keusfj' rksadh i fo=krk dk dksbZv FkZughagS A Hkksx dh c<+ r h gq bZfyIl k usv kt O;fDr dks bruk v a / kcuk fn; kgSfd og foosd ' kw U; gks pq d k gS A v k; s fnu foKki uksa ds ekè; e l s foykfl r k dh u; h&u; h oLr q v ksa dk i zpkj dj&djok dj i w t hi fr oxZl kekU; t u esamu a mi HkksDrk oLrq v ksadksi kusdsfy, bPNk i S nk djrkgSv kS j , slhoLrq v ksadksckt kj esamrkjdj l kekU; t u dh bPNk dksv ko' ; drk cuk nsrk gS A ft l v esfjdh Hkkjrh; usv i uh cgu l s ' kknh dh v kS j v i uh i Ruh dh ' kknh v i usHkkbZ l sdjk; hml s; g ekyw e gSfd ; g v uS frd gS exj t ksl q [ kl q fo/ k v esfjdk esami yC/ gS ] og Hkkjr esaughagS A bl dsl kFk gh Hkkjr l s ml dsHkkbZ &cgu t ksv esfjdk; k=kkdsmís'; l s ogkax; sFks]mUgsav esfjdkdkHkkS frdoknht hou bl rjg muesal ekx; k fd osHkhHkkS frdrkds pdkpkS a / esa fjLrksa dh i fo=krk rFkk ml dh e; kZ nk dksHkw y x; sv kS j v esfjdhukxfjd cuus dh uh; r l s mu yksxksaus uS frd ca / uksadks rksM+ d j bl rjg dk v uw Bk C;kg jpk; kA cM+ s&cM+ s/ ekZ pk; Zv kS j dFkk okpd t ks/ eZv kS j uS frdrkdkmi ns'kfn; kdjrsgS aos Hkz"V i w t hokn v kS a j ml dh Hkz"V uhfr; ksa ] ' kDyksa v kS j v kpkjksadk fojks/ ughadjrsgS Adgusdh a t : jr ughamudkHkht hou vehjksat S l kHkksxoknh cu pq d k gSv kS j t ksyksx i w t hokn dh l Eiw a . kZ t hou i ¼fr v kS j ' kS y hdkfojks/ djrsgS amuds fo: ¼ / ekZ pk; ZrFkkdFkkokpd ykecUn gksd j iw t hokn dh j{kk esav kxsHkh v k t krsgS a A; gka a ; g fo' ks"k: i l smYys[kuh; gSfd , slk?k`f.kr fookg , d Hkkjrh; i fjokj usv esfjdk esaogka dh ukxfjdrk i kus dh ykyp fd; k djk; kA bl l sfo' o dsl e{kHkkjr dsjk"Vªh; pfj=kdh nfjnzrk gh mHkjdj l keusv krh gS A Hkkjrh; l ekt dkpfj=krksv c ; gka rd fxj pq d k gSfd mÙkj i zns'k dsfi Q jkst kckn t ui n ds, d xka o dh ; q orhl sml dsekekus gh dksVZeS j st dj fy; kAbl l e; og ; q orh , d dU;kdhekaHkhcu pq d hgS Abl ; q orhds eka &cki v kS j i fjt u bl dya fdr fjLrs dks Lohdkj ughadj jgsgS A ml dseka a &cki v kS j i fjt u l Hkhusfeydj ml dseka x dkfl Unq j /

yq fn; kgSv kS j ea xyl w =kHkhmrkjdj i Q d fn; k sa gS Al p rks; g gSfd ekek&Hka kt hdkl a ca / cki v kS j csVh dsl a ca / tS l k i fo=k gksrk gSysfdu ekek v kS j Hkka t h usbl fjLrsdh i fo=krk dk fuokZ g ughafd; kA; q orhdsfi rk usfi Q jkst kckn ds, rekreq nkS y k Fkkusesaml dsxk; c gksusdh fji ksVZfy[ kk; h FkhA xk; c ; q orh nkso"kZrd v i usekek i fr dsl kFk yki rk jgh v kS j tc og ekacuusdhfLFkfr esav kx; hrks, rekrq nkS yk uxj ds , d v Li rky esav k x; h v kS j ;g l kspdj v kx; hfd ml dseka &cki v kS j i fjt u ml dhsuknkuhl e>dj ml seki Qdj nsa xsAl w puk feyusi j , rekrq nkS y k Fkkusdh i q fyl usml ;q orh dks ml ds i fr ds l kFk v Li rky esa fxjÝrkj dj fy; kA iq fyl dsl e{k ekacu pq d h; q orh usv i ukc; ku nsrsgq , dgk] ^^ge nksuksadschp nkso"kZi w oZ' kkjhfjd l a ca / LFkkfi r gkspq d k Fkk v kS j t c ' kkjhfjd l a ca / gksx; kFkkrks' kknhds v ykok dksbZnw l jk jkLrk Hkh ughaFkkA bl fy, ge nksuksausxka o&i fjokj dksnkso"kZrd R;kx fn; k FkkAv c t c esjh dks[k l sdU;k i S nk gks pq d h gSrkseka &cki dksv k' khZ okn nsd j esjh uknkuh dksHkw y t kuk pkfg, Av c rksge nksuksa , d l kFk t h; sa xsv kS j , d l kFk ejsa xsA** , slh ?kVuk ek=k fi Q jkst kckn ; k cLrh ft ys esagh ugha?kV jgh gS A bl rjg dh e; kZ nkghu ?kVuk; sacM+ hrst hdsl kFkc<+jghgS A cki &csVh dschp dk v uS frd fjLrk i zd k' k esa v k pq d k gS Aesjsxka o dscxy esa, d ; q od us v i uhpkphdsl kFkv oS / la ca / cukfy; kFkkA [ kw ch ; g gSfd bl rjg dsv uS frd yksxksadks l ekt cnkZ ' r gh ughadj jgk gS A oju~mUgsa Å¡pkl sÅ¡pkv kl u nsd j l Eeku HkhnsjgkgS A Hkk0t 0i k0 usr`Ro t ksHkkjrh; l a Ld`fr v kS j fgUnq Ro dhekS f[ kd odkyr djrsgq , cM+ s xoZdsl kFk dgrk gS ] ^^; w uku] feJ] jksek l c feVx; st gkal s]ckdhexj gSv c Hkhukeksfu' kka gekjkA** , slsyksxksadks; g Hkhcrkukpkfg, fd Hkkjr nq fu; k dsv U; ns'kksl sv kt fdl {ks=kesa v xz.kh gS \ rgydk dk Vsi bl l a nHkZesa, d , slh rLohj i zLrq r djrk gSft l esaHkk0t 0i k0 dkl a kLd`frd pfj=kv kS j ml dkfgUnq Ro csudkc gkst krkgS A6 v xLr 2004 dksegkjk"Vªfo/ ku l Hkk pq uko dsi w oZu; h fnYyh ds, d i a prkjk gksVy esa, d dkyxyZdsl kFk ja xjsfy; kaekurs gq , rhu cMs+usrk rgydk dsohfM; ksadS ejsesa dS n gksx; sAmDr rhu usrkv ksaesal s, d Hkk0t 0i k0 usrk dukZ Vd ds Fksrks nw l js Hkk0t 0i k0 usrk fnYyhdsFksv kS j rhl jsHkk0t 0i k0 dsdn~ nkoj

ifjys[k ¼uoEcj&2012½

usrk egkjk"VªdsFksft udsgkFkksaesaHkk0t 0i k0] f' kol sukxBca / u dhuS ; kdkspq uko dhoS r j.kh i kj djkusdh ft Eesnkjh FkhA ; g jgL; i w . kZ?kVuk jgL; gh jg t krh v xj ml l q Unj ; q orh dsgksB dkspq Eek ysrsgq , , d usrk uscsgjeh l su dkVk gksrkA egkjk"Vª dsft l dn~ nkoj usrk rd ml ; q orh dksft l usi gq ¡pk; k Fkk ml h O;fDr dksml us v i ukygwcgrsgq , gksB fn[ kk; kAml spq i jgus dsfy, [ kkl fgnk; r dsl kFk mu usrkv ksadh v ksj l s25 gt kj : i ; kv yx l sfn; kx; kAbl la nHkZesargydkust ksohfM; ksaVsi rS ; kjhfd; k ml esafnYyhds, d dkyst dh, d , slhNk=kk dh Hkw fedk gSft l s , ; j gkLVsl dh ukS d jh fny kus d k >kal k nsd j d ky xy Z d s /a / sesai Q l k fn; k x; k gSv kS a j ' kkl u dsea f=k; ksa ds ; gkaml s mi gkj Lo: i Hksa V djds mul s eupkgkdke djok; kt krkFkkA[ kcwh; g gSfd ft l dkyxyZdsl kFk Hkk0t 0i k0 dsrhu cM+ s usrkja xjsfy; kaeukjgsFks] ok; i s;hdhl jdkj esa ea =kh Hkh FksAegkjk"Vª dsfo/ ku l Hkk pq uko esa dka xzsl bl Vsi dk mi ; ksx djuk pkgrh Fkh ysfdu bl dk O;ki kj djusokyh t ekr usml s 25 djksM+: i ; sesadghal kS nk dj fy; kA Hkk0t 0i k0 l j dkj esa l q Jh l q "kek Lojkt l w puk, oai zl kj.kea =khFkhAmudsdk; Z d ky esafMl , sfUVuk dk i zpyu rst h l sc<+ kAi Q gM+ w l si Q gM+fp=k dksv usd pS w uyksa}kjk n' kZ d ksads l keusi jkslk x; k v kS j i jkslk t k jgk gS Ajk"Vªh; pS uy i j Hkh nw j n' kZ u }kjk mRrst d n`' ; ksadks fi Q Yek; k x; k v kS j og Øe v kt Hkh t kjh gS A ukjhdksnq xkZv kS j dkyhdgusokyksadhl jdkj usefgykv ksadsv a x dksoLrqekudj ml dk ckt kj c<+ k; kA cgq j k"Vªh; da i fu; ksadsncko l s t ksfut hdj.k gksrk t k jgk gSml dk dq i fj.kke ; g gSfd Hkkjr esa, slsv usd pS uy ' kq : gksx; s gS at ksfoKki u i kus ds fy, v ' yhy fi Q Yesa rS ; kj dj jgs gS arFkk n' kZ d ksadh Hkkjh HkhM+ tq Vkdj mudsekul dksxa nk dj jgsgS A bl a l e; Hkkjrh; l ekt esaL=khdsl kFkt ksdq N gks jgk gSml dh i `"BHkw fe esacgq r jk"Vªh; da i fu; ksa dhHkw fedkgSv kS j Hkkjr dhyksd rka f=kd l jdkjksa usmUgsa, slk djusdh Nw V Hkh nsj[ kh gS Abl l M+ sgq , Hkkjrh; l ekt esaog Hkkjr dgk gS t gkay{ehckbZ ; ksadh ryokjsapedrh FkhAv c i z'u [ kM+ k gSfd bl l ka Ld`frd l M+ ku dk ft Eesnkj dkS u gS \ bl l M+ ku dk gh ; g urht k gSfd Hkkjrh; l ekt l s/ eZdk ew y Lo: i yq Ir gksrk t k jgk gSv kS j l ka i znkf; d ' kfDr; ksa dk fo"kS y k ukx i Q u mBkdj i Q iQ q dkj jgk gS A

28

iqLrd leh{kk

/w i ml i kj d h l eh{kd & xq a t s'oj h i zl kn

Jh egsUnzv ' d }kjkjfpr ^/ w i ml i kj d h* , d , slh i q Lrd gSft l esan' kZ u gS ]la xhr gSv kS j jl gS Adforkv ksaesacgko gS AdghaBgjko ughagS Adfo v è; kReoknh v kS j ml sbZ ' oj i j i w j k Hkjkslk gS Aog t ks Hkh deZdjrk gS ] ml esaog v i usdksfu; ked ugha fufeÙkekurkgS A^b' kkokL; fenal oZ e ; n~ fda fprt xR ; ka t xr @ r su R; Dr suHkq a ft Fkkekx`/ % d f' p¼ue~ *A b' kksifu"kn dsbl n' kZ u dfo usv i uh oUnuk i zLrq r djdsml dhl oZ O ; ki drkdksLohdkj djrsgq , , d ksv ga cgq L; kfe dksLFkkfi r fd; k gS A dfo ds mQ ij iQ kjl h Hkk"kk dk v PNk i zHkko gS Adfo i zÑfr }kjk i znÙk fdl h Hkh pht +dks ut + jva nkt +ughadjrkgSoju~ml dsegÙo dksjs[kka fdr djrkgS AcM+ sghHkkoq d ' kCnksaesadfo dgrkgS ] ^^d ke v k t kr k gSVw Vk gq vki S ekuk HkhA** v a xszt + h Hkk"kk ds egku dfo oh-oh- ' kS y husv i uh^oS LV fo. M* jpuk esadgk gS ] When winter comes can spring befor behind**Abl okD; ds}kjk ml fujk' kkoknh dfo dh Nfo cny dj v k' kkoknh gkst krh gS AegsUnz v ' d usbl h okD; dksnw l js<a x l sdgk gS ] ^^oD+ r d gr k gSfd fi Q j v k; sxk r w i+ Q ka; kj ksA** t hou l i kV eS nku ughagS Amrkj&p<+ ko t hou dhi zÑfr gSvkS j ; gh v l yh t hou gSft l esal a ?k"kksZ adh yEch Ja [ kyk gS A la ?k"kksZ adhJa [ kykbl fy, gSfd ml esa st husdhyyd gS A nq "; Ur dq ekj us, d t xg fy[ kk gS ] ^^; gk¡ r ks nj [ + r ksad sl k; sesa/ w i y xr h gS ] py ks! ; gk¡ l snw j d ghav kS j py sa A** bl h dksdfo usbl i zd kj dgkgS ] ^^py ksv v ' d nq fu; k d h gj , d egfi + Q y d ks Bq d j k d j ] ; gk¡ gj v kneh ' kk; n gj h i Q s&uLy s + v kne gS A** ^i fFkd * t S l s[ k.M dkO ; esajke ujs'k f=ki kBhusHkhfy[ kkgS ] ^^fut Z u cu ghi j e l q [ kn gS U;k; j fgr t xr h l sA** egsUnzv ' d dks; g l a l kj v usd dq #i rkv ksal sHkjkgq v kfn[ kk; hi M+ r kgS Ai a t h'kkgksa w v kS j l ka i znkf; d rkd+ r ksadsxBt ksM+i j v kØe.k djrs gq , dfo dgrk gS ] ^^d q N ge i st q uw uset + gc gS ] dq N r st +gSnLr sl j ek; k] nksfl Dd si Q d d spy ok sa nht c pkghge nhokuksaesa A** bl LFkku i j dfo dh i gq ¡p cM+ hl Vhd gSfd et + gc l jek; snkjksadsgkFkksadk , d , slkgfFk; kj gSt ksx+ j hcksadsfnekx+esabl dkt + gj mrkj dj l ekt dksfi + Q jd+ ksaesacka V dj yM+ k nsrk gS v kS j v i uh i a t hdkst ks' kks"k.k }kjkv ft Z w r gq bZgksrh gS ml scpkysrkgS Abl l syxrkgSfd dfo dsmQ i j MkW yksfg; k] t ; i zd k' kv kS j v kpk; ZujsUnznso dsl ekt okn dk i zHkko i M+ k gSysfdu og xk¡/ hokn l si zHkkfor gS D; ksa fd og dgrk gS ] ^^el ft n esauekt + h >w e mBsa t c ' ka [ kct scq r [ kkuksaesa A** xk¡/ hdsckjsesa; ghdgk x; k gS ] ^^ea fnj d k i q t kj h Fkk y sfd u el ft n esa bcknr d j r k FkkA**

bl l ekt dh fo: i rk l sdfo cgq r gh v kgr gS Av kf[ kj ^^t + kfy e&nksLr exj v i ukghfny cgy kusd ksv kr sgS A** ysfdu t ksyksx nksLr cudj a i kl v krsgS aoseq >srl Yyhnsusdsct k; esjsv kgr eu dh g¡l h mM+ k dj nq ' eu t S l kl q [ k i zkIr djrsgS A; g a l ekt , slkgSfd , d dknq % [ kdq N yksxksadsl q [ kdk fo"k; gkst krkgS Adfo dgrk gSfd eS aj kst +, d ubZ fd r kc cu t kr kgw ¡t ksnw l j ksad si <+ usd sfy ; sNksM+ nsrk gw ¡Abl sl e; dki Q sj ghdgukpkfg, fd t ksyksx dy rd l Eeku nsrsFksosyksx v kt eq > i j i RFkj fi Q a d okrsgS A' ksd fLi ; j us, d t xg fy[ kkgS a ] ^^When it bigins love decay** ^^Vw Vusy xr sgS a[ kq n gh t c gkst kr sgS afj ' r si q j kusA** i jUrqbl dsfoi jhr , d nw l jkdfo ; g fy[ krkgS ] ^^Old wine, old books S and old friend can never be forgotten** egsUnzv ' d Hkhdq N bl rjg v i uhckr j[ krsgS at S ls MkW - jke euksgj yksfg; k usdgk Fkk] ^^y ksx esjh ckr lq usa xsy sfd u esjsej usd sckn**A ^^r q e r c eq >s l fn; ksal suokt + ksxs ; d + huu y Egksad h r j g t c eS a xq t+ j t kmQ a xk, d fnuA** : l ksft l usl ekurk] Lora =krk v kS j ca /q r k dk ukjk fn; k Fkk l u~1783 esaLoxhZ ; gks x; kAl u~1789 ea saÚka l dh Øka fr ' kq : gksx; h v kS j okYVs;j usml sØka fr dk nsork dgkAdksbZt + : jh ugha gSfd t ksO ; fDr l i ukns[krkgksog ml dhft + Unxhesa iw j kgkst k; Aysfdu l i usesat hou gSrksog i w j kgksrk gS A dfo dYi uk yksd esafopj.k gh ugha djrk gS ] og ; FkkFkZdsl kFk l a okn Hkh djrk gS Aog dgrk gS ] ^^eq > si r k ughaeS aHkh r ksv i uk nq ' eu gw ¡A** ; g l p gSfd fdl h Hkh v kneh dk dksbZnw l jk nq ' eu ughagksrk gS A og Lo; av i uk nq ' eu gksrk gS A v i usi ru dk dkjd gksRkk gSv kS j , d fnu og Hkh l e; v krkgSt c gj v knehdksv i uk; FkkFkZfn[ kk; h nsrk gS A d+ j ku dh Hkk"kk esadgsarksbZ q ' oj gh l oZ O ; ki d gS Adfo dgrkgS ] ^^oksv kbusesaHkhgSv kbus Hkh ns[kr k gS A** v FkkZ r ~^^y k by kg bfYy y kg**A, d bZ ' oj dsv ykok nw l jk dksbZughagS Aog l oZ O ; ki h gS A ^^eq > s; sns[kd j v PNk y xk Fkk] esjh Ikj NkbZHkh eq > l scM+ h Fkh**Al q cg v kS j ' kke dksgj O ; fDr dh i jNkbZcM+ h nh[ krh gS Aogh i jNkbZnksigj dksNksVh gkst krh gSv kS j lw ; kZ Lr dsckn v a / sjsesaMw c t krhgS Abl LFky i j dfo i zÑfroknhdfo oM~ l oFkZ Z dh ^jsu cks* uke dh dfork dh ; kn fnykrk gS A ^^Child is the father of man** t c O ; fDr cPpk gksrk gSrksi zÑfr dsv fr fudV gksrk gS Al Ppk ân; okyk gksrk gSv kS j t c cw <+ k gksrk gSrksml sbZ ' oj dh ; kn v krh gS Achp dh v oLFkk , slh gksrh gSfd og v i usdksHkw y t krk gS A; gh rksek; k gS At c O ; fDr ' kfDrghu gkst krkgSrksek; kHkhml dkl kFkNksM+nsrh gS Av i usnk' kZ fud v a nkt +esadfo dgrk gS ] ^^l eUnj ns[kd j D; ksa#d x; sgks] l eUnj I; kl l sxgj kugha gS A** I; kl bruh xgjh gSfd l eUnj Hkh ml dsl keus NksVkgS AbZ ' oj dsi zfr HkfDr ft ruhxgjhgksrhgS ] ml HkfDr dsl keusbZ ' oj NksVkgkst krkgSysfdu ; ghrks

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dfBu gS ] bl hfy, bZ ' oj cM+ k fojkV fn[ kk; h nsrk gS A ^^; gk¡ oks' k[ + l Hkh nq ' eu gSesjk] v Hkh eS usft l s a ns[kk ughagS **A oM~ l oFkZgh fy[ kr gS Z ] ^^The world is toomuch with us**] i jwh nq fu; k ek; k dhpi sV esagS ] pkjksav ksj HkkS frdrkokn dkt + ksj gS A, sls esav è; kRe dkl a ns'knsuk HkkS frdokfn; ksadkscq j kyxrk gSv kS j v ut kusesaosgekjs' k=kqcu t krsgS Acq a j kb; ksal s yM+ usdkv FkZmudkx+ Ll k eksy ysukgS q Afi Q j Hkh bl ek; koh l a l kj esav PNkbZdk i k[ k.M : i [ kM+ k fd; k t krk gS Adq v kj dh fot ; n' keh dksdkx+ t+ h jko.k dk iq r yk t yk; k t krk gS Ai q r yk Hkh osgh yksx t ykrsgS a t ksl ekt esav l yhjko.kdhHkw fedkdkfuokZ g djrs gS Adfo usbl LFky i j / kfeZ a d i k[ k.Mksai j djkjkO ;a x i zgkj fd; k gS ] ^^ft + Unk j ko. k j gs?kw er sfl i Q Zi q ryk t y k; k x; k**A dfo dksu; h i h<+ h dsHkVdko i j nq % [k gksrk gS Aog dgrk gS ] ^^u; h uLy ksal sr oD+ d+ ksagesa v PNh Hkh ugha ] ; sokscPpsgS at ksf[ k+ner Hkh ugha d j l d r s**Av kt dhi h<+ hHkkS frdrkdhcg jghv k¡/ hesal kjhe; kZ nk; sarksM+jgh gS Adfo usv i us, d&, d a ' ksj esa, d&, d dgkuhv kS j ?kVukdksj[ kfn; kgS A, d l sB t h useq >l sdgk] ^^t c eq >sHkw [ k yxrh Fkh ml l e; ?kj esa[ kkukughaFkkAi sV ughaHkjrkFkkAv c t c [ kkuk gSv kS j iw j k ?kj Hkjk gq v k gSrksHkw [ k gh ugha yxrhAbl hdksdfo usbl rjg c; ku fd; kgS ] ^^v v' d [ + kq ' kcq v ksad hr eUuk Fkht c eq > s] l w [ kk gq vk Hkh i Q y el y d j fn; k x; kA** w dfo ds' ksj dksi <+ d j esjseu esa, d l oky [ kM+ kgksrkgS ] t ksv kt dhU;kf; d O ; oLFkkdks dB?kjsesa[ kM+ k djrk gS A , d gR;kjk l jsjkg , d O ; fDr dhgR;kdjrkgS ] ft l sU;k; k/ h' kv i uhv k¡[ kksa l sns[krkgS Aml gR;kdkeq d+ nek ml hU;k; k/ h' kdh v nkyr esav krkgS Ad+ kfry dsfo#¼ i q fyl }kjki zLrq r l k{; Vw V t krsgS A, slh fLFkfr esat t dksD; k djuk a pkfg, \ odhyksausdgk] ^^l k{; dsv Hkko esat t dh et cw j h gSfd og d+ kfry dksckbT+ t+ r csxq ukg d+ j kj nsd sml seq Dr dj nsA** ^^, d Hkh' k[ + l xokghd ksu rS ; kj gq v k] ' kgj esad + Ry , d eq i+ Q fy l l j sckt + kj gq v k**A ^^eS av i usv ki l sgkj k gq v k fl i kgh gw ¡] w v xj eS at + gj u i hr k r ksej x; k gksrk**A enj bf.M; kfi Q Ye esabl h?kVukdksegcw c [+ kku usujfxl dsekè; e l sj[ kkFkk] ^^ft + Unxhxj t g +j gSr ksi huk gh i M+ sxk] g¡l &g¡l d snq fu; k esat huk gh i M+ sxk**A ^^eS av k¡l q v ksal sot + qd j d s' ksj d gr k gw ¡] fd l hd k x+ e Hkh t + : j h gS' kk; j h d sfy ; s**A^^fo; ksxh gksxk i gy k d fo v kg l s mi t k gksxk xkuA meM+ dj v k¡[ kksal s pq i pki cgh gksxh d for k v ut kuA** v kgr eu l sgh dfork dh / kjk i Q Vdj cgrh gS w A ^/ w i ml i kj d h* x+ t+ y ksadh jpuk gS v kS j ml dhl Hkh x+ t+ y sank' kZ fud fopkjksal sl jkcksj gS A a dfo usv i usekè; e l sl HkhdhO ; Fkk&dFkkdksdgk gS Adfo dh ; g v PNhÑfr gSft l esat eZ u nk' kZ fud ' kksiugkoj dh v kRek fn[ kk; h nsrh gS A i rk feJksy h] dkS M+ hjke] xksj[ ki q j ( m-i z-) ]eks-&09794677872

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