look at yourself differently e to d i u ls g eauty r i g The up & b emak
p.04 - Introduction explaining a bit about this booklet
p.10 - History lesson interesting facts about where make-up came from
p.32 - Obsessions why some girls have become obsessed by the way they look
p.06 - Why do we wear make-up? looking at the many reasons why girls wear make-up
p.40 - Illnesses & depression some of the serious illnesses some girls & women suffer from as a result of worrying about the way they look
p.83 - Lastly...
p.62 - Tattoos & piercings
feel good about yourself however you look!
the way some people modify their bodies to create an identity
p.72 - Role models looking into how these women have created amazing careers for themselves and are inspirational
p.52 - Plastic surgery the lengths some women go to in order to look perfect
introduction What is this booklet about? read on and find out!
W
e see beautiful women surrounding us all the time, on billboards, magazines, tv, the internet etc. This gives FALSE IMPRESSIONS of what real beauty is, as many of these images are FAKE. So many girls feel like they have to compete and match looking like these women as we are brought up in a society where we are made to believe this is what we should look like. Girls & women aspire to this through the use of make-up. This has made many girls feel like they are being pressured into wearing make-up & don’t really understand the REAL REASONS as to why they wear it THEMSELVES. Make-up is not bad thing - it works wonders for some people and creates confidence for others. But make-up should be used in moderation - natural is definitely best! A high percentage of women always wear make-up but they do so in a natural way to enhance their features and true beauty. So before you consider wearing make-up seriously on a daily basis (maybe you already are!) read this
information booklet which educates you about make-up and raises some of the issues associated with trying to look perfect. Reflect upon it and decide for YOURSELF whether you are ready to wear make-up. Wearing make-up should be through a choice of your OWN and not dictated through the media!
Hope you enjoy this booklet exploring the many things that have been unearthed. This booklet is about exploring and getting to the heart of why you would consider wearing make-up and whether you feel ready to!
Gemma Hockey Editor g.hockey@lookatyourselfdifferently.com facebook.com/lookatyourselfdifferently
05 - Introduction
TO HIDE TRUE SELF Why do we
I STA HOLI WOUL OK M QUIC
bec
wear make-up?
enhances your natural beauty
ear make-up ause I feel I v e t o ! PGood r e t tquestion! y Nobody really c h e v e knows r y o nwhy! e There are many reasons e does-and ifwhy women wear make-up. most u l o o k The a b i t common being “because it boosts ter it m a k e s confidence”. Here are some of why women like u f e e l b e t t eexamples r to wear make-up. ut yourself... p p o s e d l y
I feel ugly otherwise
to make me look older
Acr wea we
I DO IT FOR MY
buy it cause the adverts are soo convincing! li dverts!! but they never work!! Im a s dverts and packaging- if only they actually aid on the tin then we would all look like
ause I started wearing it when I was about 14 as everyone else was, and now I loo
A C K AN EXPRESSIVE WAY TO EXTEND OUR E L FO N F I - makes my eyes look to make E N C E SPECTACULAR! me look younger BOUT I feel I look a bit washed out without make-up O U R on, definitely couldn’t live without my blusher! I’m so used to wearing makeup now that I feel O O K S more myself wearing it than I do when I’m not. I STARTED PUTTING IT
I fe con we fa wa sel fr du
I TRY TO WEA FEEL A LITTL FEEL I LOOK RO cause my favourite celeb is wearing it BECOME A BIT I’M ALWAYS AW HAVE ANY ON AN ross magazines all models are f e e l WEARING ANY. aring make-up so we feel like bare LIKE NOT TO, have to because it’s the norm! with CLEAR SKIN (
ARTED BECAUSE I USE TO BE AROUND ADULTS A LOT IN THE IDAYS AND LOVED TO PLAY WITH ALL THEIR COSMETICS, I LD WEAR FACEPACKS AND READ THEIR ISSUES OF VOGUE AND MAGAZINE - I GUESS PLAYING GROWN UP MEANT I BECAME C K LY A C C U S T O M E D T O W E A R I N G M A K E U P E A R LY O N
YSELF
ike mascara sucker for did what it cheryl cole
who doesn’t wear it?
none o n !
I actually enjoy t it on, if i’m gettin fancy dress it’s t
ok ill and horrendous without it on! plus I also like to experiment with different lo
eel more in ntrol when earing the ce. enjoy atching mylf transform om ugly uckling to
Because we l a society value s b e a u wome n a b o
For what reasons would you start wearing make-up?
Cool fact!
The word ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
‘COSMETIC’ can be traced right back to Roman slaves who were called
‘COSMATAE’ /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// who specialised in bathing women and men in perfume
History lesson
mascara 3400-30 BC
lipstick 10,000 BC
nail varnish 1920
blusher 10,000 BC
foundation 600 AD
eyeshadow 10,000 BC
eyeliner 10,000 BC
eyeshadow What is it? a coloured cosmetic, typically in powder form, applied to the eyelids or to the skin around the eyes to accentuate them
E
yeshadow has been a part of our civilization from the ancient times. The Old Testament has face painting mentioned in its pages. The Egyptians used eye shadows in their burials back in 10,000 BC. It was in the form of a stick known as Kohl. Both males and females used to wear this eyeshadow. They believed that this protected their skin and improved their eyesight a great deal. In the 7th and 8th centuries BC, Greek traders used to sell the eyeshadow called fucus. They sold it all over the world. This fucus was coloured in blue and green, and it became a high fashion in that time. Its sale is considered to be a milestone in the Greek economy and be recognised as a country. With the Egyptians and Greeks growing their empires, the Romans were not lagging behind anyhow. The materialistic Romans desired eyeshadow and imported it from all over the world. They treated eyeshadow with such reverence that at one point in time they started relating it with their religious purposes. They believed that it repelled evil. Even India has witnessed the presence of eyeshadow. In around 5th century in
12 - History lesson
India, people used to decorate their body including the eyes, with henna. Henna also played a decorative role in religious services and soon after it led to the use of imported Kohl from Egypt. Near the 10th century in Iberia, a very famous physician, named Abulcasis, wrote a large treatise on the various areas of medicines. He dedicated one entire volume to the use of eyeshadow and other eye related cosmetics. He related eyeshadow as something that prevents the eyes from diseases, and enhances the overall beauty of a person’s aesthetic.
Shannen Doherty - an example of how not to wear eyeshadow!
Taylor Momsen - an example of how not to wear eyeliner - ‘Racoon Eyes’!
eyeliner What is it? a cosmetic applied as a line around the eyes to make them appear larger or more noticeable
E
yeliner was first used in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia as a dark black line around the eyes. As early as 10,000 BC, Egyptians wore various cosmetics not only for aesthetics but to protect the skin from the desert sun. Research has also speculated that eyeliner was worn to protect the wearer from the evil eye. The characteristic of having heavily lined eyes has been frequently depicted in Egyptian art. They produced eyeliner with a variety of materials including lead, copper ore and antimony. In the 1920s, King Tut’s tomb was discovered, introducing the use of eyeliner to the Western world.
15 - History lesson
mascara What is it? a cosmetic for darkening and thickening the eyelashes
A
ncient Egyptians play a large part in the rich history of mascara. Dating as far back as 3400-30 BC, Egyptians used bone and ivory as mascara applicators, and blended kohl with crocodile dung, water and honey to create the first mascara. Egyptians lined their eyes with kohl (as earlier mentioned) and used the mascara to deepen their lashes. Because eyes were believed to be the windows of the soul, they concealed them to ward off any evil spirits and bad energy. Egyptian men wore mascara, as did Egyptian women. Ancient drawings of Cleopatra suggest that mascara and body painting were widely used for both protection, celebration, war and death practices and was seen as the ‘norm’. Although the Egyptians were the first known people that used mascara, it wasn’t until the Victorian era in the 1830s that the practice of deepening and richening lashes was revived. Victorian women were very formal and elaborate, spending hours to dress and beautify themselves. Victorian ladies experimented with many different cosmetic recipes; rose salves, mascaras and eyeliners were all products that they created and mixed in the comfort
16 - History lesson
of their own dressing rooms. Known to spend their whole day partaking in beauty rituals, Victorian women were quite the beauty divas and were known to be very vain. Mixing ashes with elderberry over a hot fire, Victorian ladies created their own mascara concoctions, but the products were never marketed, and thus, never sold. But finally the invention was born. In 1917, Eugene Rimmel, founder of Maybelline Cosmetics, created the first packaged cosmetic mascara. Produced from a blend of petroleum and black coal dust, the history of mascara began with a cake mascara that although reformulated, is still found today.
How not to wear mascara - not very natural looking!
17 - History lesson
Matching up Foundation - getting the right shade is key in looking natural.
foundation What is it? a cream or powder used as a base to even out facial skin tone before applying other cosmetics
T
he ancient Greeks and Romans were among the first to use foundation, but their versions were comprised mostly of white lead (often resulting in fatal poisoning!!) or chalk to create a fairer complexion. In the Middle Ages and Renaissance, too, pale skin was seen as a symbol of privilege, and women turned to lead paint to whiten their faces. During the reign of Charles II in seventeenth-century England, women began to use darker makeup to cover the pallor associated with staying inside to avoid the plague. However, pale skin came back into fashion once again in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. That all changed in 1914, when Max Factor introduced pancake makeup. Since then, the number of foundation formulations and shades has grown, allowing women to match and enhance their natural skin tone, as well as get benefits from healthy ingredients.
19 - History lesson
blusher What is it? a cosmetic of a powder or cream consistency used to give a warm colour to the cheeks
H
istorically, blusher was used as early as 10,000 BC in ancient Egypt. It was also applied on the lips, the way lipstick would be used today. In some times and places, both men and women wore rouge, such as during the Regency period in England. In Britain’s Victorian Age, when wearing makeup was associated with low morals, ladies resorted to pinching their cheeks (and biting their lips!) to make them appear red in colour. Today blushers are more tanned in colour such as bronzing balls, however pink and red ones do still exist.
Get the look - blusher can enhance your features.
Anne Hathaway - wearing bright lipstick can add a statement to your look.
lipstick What is it? a coloured cosmetic applied to the lips from a small solid stick
T
he origin of lipstick can be cited back to 10,000 BC, in the ancient city of Ur, near Babylon. During this time, semi-precious stones were crushed and smeared on the lips as lipstick. In the Indus valley civilization, ladies used to apply red colour on their lips. Furthermore, the ancient Egyptian women squeezed out purple-red colour from iodine and bromine, leading to serious diseases. With time, it came to be known as ‘the kiss of death’. It is said that Cleopatra’s lipstick were made from carmine beetles, which when worked with a pestle gave a strong red colour pigment. This was mixed with ant’s eggs, which provided the base. To provide the shimmer to the lipstick, fish scales were used. During the 16th Century, the lipsticks became quite popular in England, under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I. She introduced the trend of chalk white faces, teamed with blood red lipstick. At this time, lipstick was made from beeswax and plants.
23 - History lesson
nail varnish What is it? a varnish applied to the fingernails or toenails to colour them or make them shiny
T
he idea of colouring your nails is an old one; the ancient Egyptians stained their nails with henna, and the ancient Japanese and Chinese also stained the nails with various herbal extracts. Modern nail varnish was invented in the 1920s. Charles Revlon formed the Charles Revlon company with his brother Martin Revlon and Charles Lachman, a chemist. They employed a French make-up artist, Michelle Renard, who wondered if the new technology used for painting cars could be used to make an enamel for the nails. The revolution in thinking was to abandon staining the actual nail, but instead to paint a hard-wearing enamel on top of it. She managed to create a modern lacquer made of the same nitrocellulose dissolved in solvent, that was used on cars (except not the same strength!). It was Hollywood that made the new nail
24 - History lesson
polish big. Colour movies had just arrived, and audiences could see their favourite actresses wearing the exotic reds and mauves of the Revlon company, and they searched out the product in the shops. It helped that it was relatively cheap as far as make-up goes. When nail polish first came out, the fashion was to match your nails and lipstick, and because lipstick tended to be red or pink, nails were red or pink too. But it wasn’t till the late 1990s that cosmetic companies abandoned the idea of matching lips and nails and started producing other colours.
Today - painting your nails is an artform, all sorts of patterns can be achieved!
How not to wear fake tan - too much fake tan will make you look ridiculous like this girl!
tanning What does it do? makes you become browner after exposure to the sun
T
here are many examples throughout history of how society valued pale skin. The Romans and Greeks, for instance, used various chalks and paints to whiten their skins, which often had disastrous effects. But nowadays, people associate deep bronze complexions with health and beauty. The beginning of the concept of tanning is quite interesting and here are some facts about it. In 1923 a French designer known by the name of Coco Chanel went cruising from Paris to Cannes and was seen leaving her yacht with a deep suntan thereafter. Although she claims that the result was unintentional due to staying out in the sun for too long, this soon became a fashion trend. Presently, baking oneself in beaches has become quite fashionable when taking holidays. Innovation has also lead to creams and lotions that can safely simulate a tan without having to expose one’s body to the potentially hazardous effects of the sun or sun beds as many are resorting to today during the winter months.
27 - History lesson
if you are someone who cannot cope without make-up or want to start experimenting with it, here is how but in a natural way to ensure you are only highlighting your features and not covering up your true beauty
If you must ...
using make-up First start with foundation and cover-up. If you suffer from dark circles or other pigment problems you will want to start with concealer before foundation. If you are trying to cover up acne, then you will want to use concealer last. Carefully apply concealer specifically to the acne.
1. Foundation
29 - History lesson
Finish up with some shimmery lip gloss or a tinted lip balm that has a hint of colour nothing to over the top and you are ready to go looking like a natural beauty!
5. Lipstick
Most girls have a natural pink tint to their cheeks so adding more pink to the cheeks isn’t necessary with blush.
4. Blusher
Apply a light layer of mascara to the top and bottom lashes.
3. Mascara
Go easy on the eyes; there is no reason to wear a lot of eye makeup. A couple of fun eye shadows will do wonders. Take a light shimmery colour and apply all over the lid and add a thin line of eyeliner along the top lashes.
2. Eyeshadow
How do you feel about wearing make-up? What items would you wear?
Did you know?
The average
woman spends the equivalent of
5
days in front of the mirror each year!
Obsessions
mirror, mirror, on the wall, who’s the fairest of them all?...
...Me! What is this section about? uncovering the reasons why some girls and women have come to care so much about how they look
C
oncern with appearance is not just an aberration of modern western culture. Every period of history has had its own standards of what is and is not beautiful, and every contemporary society has its own distinctive concept of the ideal physical attributes. In the 19th century being beautiful meant wearing a corset – causing breathing and digestive problems! Now we try to diet and exercise ourselves into the fashionable shape – often with even more serious consequences which will be explored within the next section. But although we resemble our ancestors and other cultures in our concern about appearance, there is a difference in degree of concern. Advances in technology and in particular the rise of the mass media has caused normal concerns about how we look to become obsessions. Super models in all the popular magazines have continued to get thinner and thinner. Modelling agencies have been reported to actively pursue anorexic models. The average woman model weighs up to 25% less than the typical woman and maintains a weight at about 15 to 20
34 - Obsessions
percent below what is considered healthy for her age and height. Some models go through plastic surgery, some are “taped-up” to mold their bodies into more photogenic representations of themselves, and photos are airbrushed before going to print. By far, these body types and images are not the norm and are unobtainable to the average individual. Constant exposure to these images on society makes us believe they should be.
We need to remind ourselves and each other constantly that these images are fake. The following pages contain images of celebrities that have been airbrushed. This is to show, that it isn’t the ‘real them’ and perfection is virtually impossible to achieve. Everyone always has at least one thing they are unhappy with about their body be it their nose, or legs. Looking up to celebrities as the ‘ideal look’ creates false impressions of what is achievable with our looks when most of the time they have had help with some technology.
one two three
Thanks to the media, we have become accustomed to extremely rigid uniform standards of beauty.
TV, billboards, magazines etc., mean that we see ‘beautiful people’ all the time, more often than members of our own family, making exceptionally good looks seem real, normal and attainable.
Standards of beauty have in fact become harder and harder to attain, particularly for women. The current media ideal thinness for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population. Also many faces that appear on magazines, billboards, adverts etc. have all been airbrushed in one form or another to create the perfect skin or figure.
35 - Obsessions
Before & after: Shocking images of celebs, that have been airbrushed to make them look more appealing
Do you find yourself obsessing about the way you look? If so why?
Did you know?
A study found that
three minutes
looking at models in a fashion magazine caused
70% of women to feel depressed, guilty and ashamed
Illnesses & Depression
Why am I feeling down?
help is on hand! What is this section about? looking at a few of the serious illnesses that some women and girls suffer from as a result of worrying about the way they look
S
adly, all the things the last section lists, can have a negative impact on the way we feel about ourselves because we can’t match looking like our favourite star or model. This can lead to more serious problems as this section discusses. This section will look at:
eating disorders 42 - Illnesses & depression
depression
Fact
e as twic rom e r a f irls ffer ge g ys to su result a n e Te bo his is a ures y as s likel ssion. T ng pres i re s p a e e r d e inc ct. of th k perfe o o to l
eating disorders What are they? any of a range of psychological disorders characterised by abnormal or disturbed eating habits
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
The main symptom is the relentless pursuit of thinness through self-starvation. This may become so extreme that it’s life-threatening. It most frequently affects young women, but anorexia is found among both sexes of all ages, and across social and ethnic groups. Anorexia can have long-term consequences.
This condition is characterised by overeating followed by self-induced vomiting and sometimes purging with laxatives. It can develop at any age and Bulimia can have serious long-term physical consequences, such as damage to the stomach, tooth enamel and vocal cords.
Some of the signs are:
Some of the signs include:
• Severe weight loss • Distortions and misconceptions about weight and body size • Obsession with food and calories • Preoccupation with self-control • Excessive exercising • Isolation, loss of friends • Emotional, irritable behaviour • Secret vomiting/purging • Disruption of menstrual periods
• Binge-eating large amounts of food • Obsession with food and calories • Vomiting and purging • Often disappearing to the lavatory after meals • Secretive behaviour, • Feeling out of control • Emotional, irritable behaviour • Very low self-esteem • Disruption of menstrual periods
45 - Illnesses & depression
depression What is it? severe despondency and dejection, typically felt over a period of time and accompanied by feelings of hopelessness and inadequacy
M
any people suffer from depression and if correctly diagnosed it can be easily treated. Here are a couple of examples of the different types of depression people suffer with:
Major Depressive Disorder A major depressive episode occurs with symptoms that last for most of the day, nearly every day for at least two weeks. A symptom must either be: 1) depressed mood or 2) a noticeable decrease in interest or pleasure in all or most activities. At least four (or more) additional symptoms are present: • significant weight loss / weight gain or decrease / increase in appetite • difficulty sleeping or increased sleep • excessive movement or slowing down
46 - Illnesses & depression
associated with mental tension • fatigue or loss of energy • feeling worthless or excessive guilt • difficulty thinking,or concentrating • repeatedly thinking about death or suicide • trying to attempt suicide or having a specific plan to commit suicide
Manic Depression (now known as Bipolar Disorder) This kind of depression includes periods of mania and depression. Cycling between these two states can be rapid or only mania can be present without any depressive episodes. A manic episode consists of a persistent elevated or irritable mood that is extreme, which lasts for at least one week. At least three (four if only irritable mood) other features are also present: • inflated self-esteem or self-importance, • decreased need for sleep • more talkative than usual
• experiencing racing thoughts or ideas • easily distracted • increase in goal-oriented activity or excessive movement • excessive involvement in potentially risky pleasurable behaviour (e.g. over spending,unwise business investments)
Symptoms can be severe enough to warrant hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others or include psychotic features (e.g. hallucinations, delusions).
47 - Illnesses & depression
Important! If you know of anyone or you are suffering from any of these symptoms you must tell an adult, a family member or visit your GP. It’s extremely serious and you can become very ill. If you cant face talking to your family about it try and talk to a teacher or the school nurse. If you still can’t face talking to any of these people you can call any of the helplines listed opposite.
48 - Illnesses & depression
helplines How are Eating Disorders treated?
If they go undetected, eating disorders can cause real health problems. They can stop the body getting all the essential energy nutrients it needs to function properly. Eating disorders are medical and psychological problems. Treatment usually includes working with a team of specialists: a therapist, a nutritionist, and a doctor. Treatment is individualised to fit a person’s specific needs.
• SupportLine: Phone: 01708 76520 Website: http://www.supportline.org.uk/ Email: info@supportline.org.uk Confidential emotional support to children, young people and adults. Also keeps details of agencies, support groups and counsellors throughout the UK.
• Childline: Phone: 0800 1111 Website: www.childline.org.uk
• Get Connected: Phone: 0808 808 4994 Website: www.getconnected.org.uk
How is Depression treated?
There are a number of treatments for depression. The main treatments are talking (psychological) therapies such as counselling, and antidepressant medicines. Your treatment will depend on how severe your depression is.
Here are the helplines you can ring for help and advice if your feeling overwhelmed. They are free and confidential and will always listen to your problems:
Free telephone and email helpline finding young people the best help whatever the problem. Can connect a child or young person to any UK helpline where appropriate and is needed.
• Beat: Phone: 08456 347650 Website: www.b-eat.co.uk/1-2-1 Email: fyp@b-eat.co.uk Text: 07977 493 345 Beat is the leading UK charity for people with eating disorders and their families. Information and help on all aspects of eating disorders including anorexia, bulimia and binge eating.
49 - Illnesses & depression
Have you ever experienced feeling down about the way you look?
Cool fact!
Barbie’s proportions are so
UNREALISTIC that as a real-life woman she wouldn’t even be able to stand up!
Tummy Tuck
(Boob Job!)
Breast Augmentation
(Face Lift)
Rhytidectomy
Plastic Surgery
(Bum Enlargement!)
Butt Augmentation
Arm Lift
Neck Lift
Chin Reduction
(Nose Job)
Rhinoplasty
Brow Lift
Barbie time!
Calf Augmentation
Knee Lift Surgery
Liposuction
Ankle Liposuction
(Thigh Lift)
Thighplasty
body image problems What is this section about? looking at the lengths some women go to in order to look perfect through the means of plastic surgery
F
rom an early age many of us are presented with Barbie-type dolls which have often been blamed on playing a role in the development of body image problems and eating disorders. Not only do these dolls have fictionally proportioned, small body sizes, but they lean towards escalating the belief that materialistic possessions, beauty and thinness equate happiness. Some believe Barbie can help to perpetuate an ideal of materialism, beauty, and being thin as important elements to happiness in one’s life. Despite the prevalence of beautiful plus size models, and movements to boost self-
54 - Plastic surgery
esteem, many women and young girls are preoccupied with negative feelings about their body image. Moreover, with the onslaught of reality programs documenting plastic surgeries, some people rely on a knife to achieve their ideal appearance. Plastic or cosmetic surgery is not necessarily a bad thing. For example, facial and body injuries may cause a deformity, which can only be corrected by means of plastic surgery. Additionally, cosmetic surgery can be a lifesaver in the case of extreme obesity. On the flip side, some people – especially females – are too
consumed with looking pretty and having the perfect body. Because the perfect body is unachievable, these people may have continual plastic surgeries with hopes of finding personal satisfaction. To onlookers, these persons are beautiful. In spite of that, an unrealistic view of their body says otherwise. Unfortunately, two-thirds of plastic surgery patients are repeat patients. Having the initial cosmetic surgery is the hard part. However, once the first surgery is complete, it is easy for the patient to seek more enhancements. Granted, not everyone who has more than one plastic surgery
procedure is addicted. Growing up, some people have a healthy dislike of certain body parts. Perhaps they have an unsightly nose, too small lips or feel their thighs are too big! These persons resolve to correct the dislike when funds are available. On the other hand, persons addicted to cosmetic surgery demonstrate a measure of psychological problems. This is now classified as a mental illness in the same way that bulimia and anorexia are because the individual is unhappy about the way their body is, even though onlookers may think they have a perfectly normal body and they have nothing to worry about.
55 - Plastic surgery
body dismorphic disorder (BDD) BDD affects both men and women and manifests as a preoccupation with an imagined physical defect or an exaggerated concern about a minimal defect. This can lead the patient to a plastic surgeon or dermatologist in an attempt to try to change the perceived defect. However, turning to a doctor for more surgery is rarely successful because that patient will never be happy with these changes, costing them a lot of money and never getting the results they want.
56 - Plastic surgery
Fact
ee ers s h t o t an s tha ctive th w o sh tra e arch re at r Rese 20% mo nk you a i u h t o y you
Celebrities that have plastic surgery!
How do you feel about people who have plastic surgery?
Did you you Did Cool fact! know? know?
The most pierced female human being has over
6005 piercings!
Tattoos & Piercings
What’s my identity?
body alteration What is this section about? looking into how some people see the human body as a canvas and feel like adjusting their bodies because it creates an identity for them. It isn’t about perfection
Body Piercings What is a piercing? A body piercing is exactly that - a piercing or puncture made in your body by a needle. After that, a piece of jewellery is inserted into the puncture. The most popular pierced body parts seem to be the ears, the nostrils, and the belly button.
and change in your skin colour around the piercing area) • Also, if you plan to get a tongue or mouth piercing, make sure your teeth and gums are healthy Ear piercing gun
If you decide to get a body piercing: • Make sure you’re up to date with your immunizations (especially hepatitis B and tetanus) • Plan where you will get medical care if your piercing becomes infected (signs of infection include excessive redness/tenderness around the piercing site, prolonged bleeding, pus,
64 - Tattoos & piercings
The tool that is used to pierce your ears!
Tattoos What is a tattoo? A tattoo is a design on the skin that is permanent. Tattoos are made with tattoo needles. These needles are attached to needle bars that can punctures the skin at 50 to 3,000 times a minute. Professionals know how deep to pierce the skin to create a permanent line. Going too deep will cause pain to the person getting the tattoo, and not going deep enough will result in scratchy lines. The length of time it takes for the tattoo to be finished depends on the intricacy and size of the design.
There are standards set out by The Alliance of Professional Tattooists which the professional tattooist should follow. Getting tattoos done by professionals who adhere to these rules will minimize the health risks. Tattoo gun
Where did tattoos originate? Nobody knows for sure where they originated. There is evidence that it may be an ancient craft going all the way back to the ice age. There are mummified remains of ancient Egyptians with tattoos. The word tattoo is believed to originate from the Tahitian word ‘tattau’. An entry in Captain James Cook’s journal in the year 1768 mentions the word ‘tattau’ in his encounter with Polynesians. The Tahitians taught the sailors the craft who in turn taught it to other sailors, and that is why tattoos is often associated with sailors. What are the health risks? There are health risks that are attached to getting a tattoo. They are tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis B and C. The tattoo needles need to be sterilized after each use using proper sterilizing equipment.
The tool that is used to create a tattoo on your skin!
t
n Importa
inors g of M in o o t t ence the Ta inal off im r Under c a ge 69, it is e under the a Act 19 n o o any to tatto of 18 years.
67 - Tattoos & piercings
Most pierced female in the world!
Most Tattooed man in the world!
Do you have any piercings? If so what type of piercings do you have?
Cool fact!
The average
woman uses
12
beauty products a day and 1 woman in 4 uses at least 15!
urse receptionist dog trainer police officer stant librarian vet pr adviser event manage an graphic designer popstar dentist doctor Role Models hysical therapist paramedic social worker p herapist scientist pilot astronaut swimmer f avel agent train driver actor jeweller build r journalist barber baker engineer machin hysiotherapist lecturer bookbinder illustra presenter model archeologist landscaper g dy geography teacher porter zoologist text wner gallery assistant party organiser wed s player footballer rugby player army offic ckey private investigator circus work coas xi driver translator security bouncer speec recaster environmentalist politician nurse ookkeeper accountant cashier shop assistan sources manager hairdresser musician gra ectrician builder midwife surgeon physical ounsellor dietician occupational therapist s lawyer chef personal trainer travel agent ractor dancer carpenter editor journalist flo rtist singer nursery teacher admin physioth ssistant manager artist gymnast tv present hanic checkout assistant dinner lady geogr nglish teacher customs official judge galler
teacher bookkeeper accountant cashier sh er human resources manager hairdresser m r plumber electrician builder midwife surg pharmacist counsellor dietician occupation fashion designer lawyer chef personal trai der chemist chiropractor dancer carpenter nist make up artist singer nursery teacher ator cleaner assistant manager artist gymn gardener mechanic checkout assistant din tile designer english teacher customs judg dding planner typographer beautician coac cer salesman advertiser business man libra stguard trawler creative writer consumer a ch therapist surveyor kennel worker weath e receptionist dog trainer police officer teac nt librarian vet pr adviser event manager h aphic designer popstar dentist doctor plum l therapist paramedic social worker pharm scientist pilot astronaut swimmer fashion d train driver actor jeweller builder chemist orist barber baker engineer machinist mak herapist lecturer bookbinder illustrator cle ter model archaeologist landscaper garden raphy teacher porter zoologist textile desig ry assistant party organiser wedding plann
anita roddick “If you do things well, do them better. Be daring, be first, be different, be just” Anita Roddick
A
nita is best known for her business ‘The Body Shop’ which changed the face of cosmetics around the globe. Starting with one shop in Brighton, comically nestled between two funeral parlours, in 1976, by 2004 there were 1980 shops serving 77 million customers. She famously described The Body Shop phenomenon as ‘a series of brilliant accidents’. She was well known for her campaigning work on the environment and for children, and when she died in 2007 she gave away her entire estate, worth 51 million pounds.
ess
Busin
74 - Role models
76 - Role models
pink “I was extreme... from skateboarder to hip-hopper to rave child to lead singer of a rock band - I did it all, and all at the same time” Pink
T
he Grammy and Brit Award-winning Singer is renowned for her rebellious nature and bold parodies of other female ‘celebrities’. Pink is also an activist, and as a prominent campaigner for PETA, is not afraid to use her voice to protest against fox hunting, the use of fur, and against companies such as KFC. UNICEF and Save the Children are just two of the many charities Pink is involved with.
Singer
77 - Role models
rebecca adlington "Swimming should be about ability and not what you are wearing" Rebecca Adlington
R
ebecca is a British freestyle swimmer. She won two gold medals at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing in the 400m and 800m, making her Britain’s first Olympic swimming champion since 1988, and the first British swimmer to win two Olympic gold medals since 1908. Now aged 20, Rebecca began swimming aged 4 and competing aged 10.
er
m Swim
78 - Role models
79 - Role models
80 - Role models
annie liebowitz "I didn’t want to let women down. One of the stereotypes I see breaking is the idea of aging and older women not being beautiful" Annie Liebowitz
A
nnie is an American portrait photographer whose style is marked by a close collaboration between the photographer and the subject. The Rolling Stone magazine was launched during Annie’s early career, and her intimate photographs of celebrities helped define the Rolling Stone look.
Photo
graph
er
81 - Role models
Have you ever thought about what career you would like to get into?
Lastly...
Everything has
beauty but not everyone sees it