AWARENESS ON MARINE ISSUES, GLOBAL WATER QUALITY At Armada Institute George Wight Jr. joined awareness camp of marine issues, global water quality, where he performs various task related to marine cleanliness.
INTROdUcTION •Oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface. •They play an important role in the chemical and biological balance of the life on the earth. •They are vital to our food security, commerce and transportation. •But human activity has troubled the health of ocean. •The habitats of marine mammals and fish have been degraded severely, with pollution responsible for the mass deaths of fish, mammals and corals.
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MARINE pOLLUTION •It is defined as the discharge of waste substances into the sea resulting in harm to living resources, hazards to human health, hindrance to fishery and impairment of quality for use of sea-water. •Marine pollution is associated with the changes in physical, chemical and biological conditions of the sea water.
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pOLLUTANTS: SOURcES ANd THEIR EFFEcTS Pollutants can simply define as the materials which cause pollution. The following are the important pollutants that cause the marine pollution. Sewage Pesticides Plastic wastes Metallic wastes Oil Heat Radioactive waste Dredge spoil.
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SEWAGE ďƒ˜Sewage may be entering the sea - By direct drainage - From inland towns and industries. - Tipping at sea from ships.
ďƒ˜Detrimental effects of sewage include
- Eutrophication. - Deoxygenating. - Foul deposits, Reduced salinity, Infection and toxic residues.
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pLASTIc WASTES •The mass of plastic in the ocean may be as high as one hundred million metric tons. •Many animals that live on or in the sea consume flotsam by mistake, as it often looks similar to their natural prey. •Plastic pollution can afflict land, waterways and oceans. It is estimated that 1.1 to 8.8 million tons of plastic waste enters the ocean from coastal communities each year. •According to the United Nations, at least 800 species worldwide are affected by marine debris, and as much as 80 percent of that litter is plastic.
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