Geotextiles
Geotextiles refers to a permeable synthetic textile material. Generally it is produced from polyester or polypropylene polymers. Geotextiles are used to increase soil stability, provide erosion control or aid in drainage. https://geosyntheticsystems.ca/
Applications of Geotextiles Roadways, parking lots, loading areas and construction sites Prevent drainage systems from clogging with fine particles Fluid transmission For waterway erosion control Reduce soil piping and embankment erosion Prevention of weed growth (in horticulture applications) Moisture conservation (in horticulture applications)
Geotextiles Basic Four Functions Separation Separation refers to the ability of geotextiles to prevent the mixing of two materials, such as a soft sub grade with a clean base aggregate Reinforcement Soil movement is reduced by the confinement and reinforcing action of geotextiles, which function by absorbing part of the stress that normally would cause shear failure Filtration Geotextiles act as filters between soil and drainage gravel, preventing soil particles from being carried away by the filtered water. Drainage The lengthwise permeability of the geotextiles allows it to perform as a drain. The amount of drainage is proportional to the thickness of the fabric
Type of Geotextiles
WOVEN
NONWOVEN
Woven Geotextiles Woven geotextiles are made with synthetic polymers that are woven together, the way that most fabrics are. These take longer to make, but also have a high tensile strength and load capacity. Basically, woven geotextiles are best when you need something very sturdy and durable.
Nonwoven Geotextiles Nonwoven geotextiles are designed for high permittivity (water flow) and a fine pore structure. Their strength prevents damage due to construction stresses, while their pores allow the free flow of groundwater and in-place gas and liquid transmission. Given their fine pore structure, nonwoven geotextiles prevent fine soils from piping through or clogging the geotextile - eliminating the need for an expensive graded granular filter.
Nonwoven Geotextiles Provide Several Functions Reinforcement & stabilization (improving the mechanical properties of soil and structural fill by absorbing tensile forces and reducing deformation. Separation (keeping dissimilar aggregates separated to maintain functionality Drainage (their high in-place & normal flow rates prevent water buildup and pore pressure, keeping structures strong and stable) Erosion Control (used in slopes and channels, they provide structures with stabilization and filtration
Conclusion Geotextiles are an efficient effective and economic method of solving most of the geotechnical problems in roads. The design engineer should be well aware of the possible problems and should use this relatively new tool for solving them. For this he/she should understand properties and capabilities of the geotextile material.
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