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2012~ongoing Ume책 Institute of Design
Industrial Design Intensive 2010~2012 National Taiwan University
System Control of Mechanical Engineering MA
Photoshop illustrator inDesign
Certificate Software Development Engineer of Embedded Processor C2000 Platform at Texas Instrument
Solidworks Rhino AutoCAD
Development of an embedded control system in a single-deck, dual-axis precision positioning stage Intelligent outlet and light meter Design
MatLab LabVIEW C/C++
2006~2010 National Taiwan University
Mechanical Engineering BA Win-weight design Robot to pick up and place objects
Ming-Han Chang Keep the goal in mind. It will become a reality while my efforts and thoughts aim towards it constantly. Enjoy it as a journey !
English Mandarin Chinese Japanese
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HydRe Vehicle Interior Design
Incognito Product Design
Embedded Control System of Positioning Stage
Ume책 Library Website Interaction Design
Mechanical Engineering
Gardena Guardian Product Design
s nt e t Con
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Incognito 6 weeks (Sep,2012) Independent project developed during the Industrial Design Intensive programme at the Ume책 Institute of Design focusing on the design process. My choice was to develop a bathroom scale that can be portable and flexible while looking surprising and friendly.
5 Task A well known company expect to develop a new bathroom scale that assists the specified target group in their everday life and open a new market.
Lennart Edin 50 years old I usually measure the weight and calculate BMI with mobile 2~3 times per week, since I’m monitoring my weight.
Competitors EatSmart Salter Tanita ...
Advertisment versus Real life situation 0.00 weight
weight body fat muscle mass bone mass.. etc
Problem definition •Even though there are a plenty of measuring functions in the market, the user only measures the weight and BMI. •Bathroom scales occupy the space while users are not using them.
6 Brain Storming
Concept 2. Light weight
Concept 4. A part of daily stuff
First Ideation Concept 1. Foldable Concept 5. Imperial decree
Concept 3. Conceal into the house
Second Ideation
1.
Based on concept nr.5 from the first ideation (as seen above), I have developed 4 different approaches, and after considering the screen positioning along with the modality of scrolling action I have selected option nr. 4 (as seen below), for it’s sturdy and protective potential and qualities. 2.
3.
4.
7 Final Concept
Power Button
Screen Location
Intuitive method of use, based on daily experiences and form language. Display can adjust to the vertical-horizontal requirements in a very convenient way.
8 Technique implementaion During my research, I was glad to find the elements that can make my design proposal feasible. The techinique of soft electronic sensoring array has been developed by MEMS Lab (MEMS, Micro-ElectronicMechanical System) at National Taiwan University. They invented a soft weighting scale, which acquired the Invention awards of IENA. The circuit scanning board scans the pressure sensoring array, then trasmit the data to microprocessor or computer through RS232, an electrical signaling specificatiton. The microprocessor or computer convert the data to the equivalent weight and shows on the screen.
Screen
RS232
Circuit scanning board
Pressure sensoring array
9 Final Result
Measuring mode Weight, BMI
Time mode
Lennart (my interviewed user) used to be in a constant lack of time due to his busy family life. He is grateful for having the oportunity, thanks to my flexible & convenient scale design proposal, to become more fit and able to cycle around Sweden.
Final Result
Tai chi is a symbol of balance, and I hope that he will be able to balance a busy life with more relaxation for himself and his family!
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HydRe(Concept outline*) 4 weeks (Mar,2013)
Organic lines for a revitalising experience, technology meets the needs & research of water-and-forest therapy... A boat that is designed to be open for everyone to use at any time (day & night), but especially after stress exhaustion. Vehicle interior design project, seen as an experiment where we can tap into the future of vehicle space and atmosphere. * Further Development & ongoing.
11 Research of nature recovery
Forestry therapy - A process of rehabiltation from stress exhaustion by visiting forest in solitude. The nature environment has a restorative effect on both human physical and mental health, and forests are perceived as natural and timeless. After the forestry therapy, people's mood status would be stronger, feeling more relaxed, harmonious , peaceful and happy.
mixed forest
pine forest
Therapists studied that forest by the lake is the most positively embraced by patients suffering from stress disorder among other forest settings. People appreciate the closeness to rock outcrop w a t e r , l i g h t , a n d o p e n s u r r o u n d i n g , while shelter at their back to avoid being attacked. This setting also covers the four features of restorative effects according to Attention Restoration Theory by Kaplan and Kaplan:
spruce forest
forest & stream
forest by the lake
Atmospheric explorations
Reference
• Being away (from stressful daily life) • Extent (to have a large scope to explore) • Fascination (natural curiosity) • Compatibility (to meet our prefernces).
[1].Morita E, Fukuda S, Nagano J, Hamajima N, Yamamoto H, Iwai Y, et al. Psychological effects of forest environments on healthy adults: Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing, walking) as a possible method of stress reduction. Public Health. 2007;121:54–63 [2].Elisabet Sonntag-Öströma, Maria Nordina, Lisbeth Slunga Järvholma, Ylva Lundellb, Rigmor Brännströma, Ann Dolling, "Can the boreal forest be used for rehabilitation and recovery from stress-related exhaustion? A pilot study",Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, Vol 26, Number 3, June 2011 , pp. 245-256(12)
12 Ideation
Good view over surrounding
outside in Closeness to water
inside out
recuperation Final concept
By developing this design proposal I wish to connect the aerodynamism of elements that flow onto the surface of the water with the sense of stability and coordination that a boat would be required to have.
Throughout my observations I identified the need for peacefulness, comfort, privacy at the same time with a longing for having a broad perspective and access to an unspoilt panorama, protection, and the joy of being aweinspired by a greater force within Nature... as central desires for this type of therapy.
Shelter
Foldable shelter (stretchable support)
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HydRe
Enables a more direct experience of the dual surroundings; being in the nearness of the water, along with admiring the forests and their wilderness from a sheltered point.
The perspective of the terrain allows for both meditation and recuperation, as well as providing a space for a multi-user interaction.
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Gardena Guardian 4 weeks (Nov,2012) Project with a main emphasis on ergonomics - coordinated by Jens N채slund, Design Manager at Gardena. Task : a handheld sand and salt spreader to be used as a winter tool for melting the ice.
16 int el
Brand DNA
en th
ni
ge
t
Core values
Gardena is one of the most wellknown international brands amongst Europe in garden care industries. The company was founded in Germany in 1961 and acquistioned by Husqvarna Group, which had sales of SEK 30 billion in 2011. Gadena accounted for approximately 12% of group sales.
to fit
The company has its unique product design guideline which identify the branded products as a brand. The intersecting volumes, chamfers, colors, details of surface and so on are precisely defined.
t en lig
ins pi
g rin
con
er
ve
logotype based on background consistent chamfer secondary volume primary volume
repetitive pattern
main brand color
balance the main color
Why Hand held spreader is needed?
Product Requirements
The product department of Gardena aims at broaden the sales seasons in winter. They perceive the potential market of hand held spreader for fighting ice on small areas, which can be widely used for safety in European countries.
• Best ergonomics • One hand operation when spreading • 1-1.5 liters container • Plastic material only and maximum 4 parts. • Visible brand DNA on the product • The price is approximately 150 SEK
Target market
function part
17 Interviews with users Spreading area
Experiences
by hand or shovel
Grasp a handle of sand/salt from a big package in garage or house
Go back and forth for several times(since the package is heavy)
User expectation for spreader Be able to refill and use straight away.As the weather is cold, the whole process should be carried out as fast as possible.
spread left and right or up and down
18 Brainstorming
There’re • How to • How to • How to • How to
four main problems to be considered: spread material fill material change the amount store the product
The whole class divided into several groups, brainstorming about the above questions. We shared our ideas and gave comments to each other at the same time. Everyone selected their own preferences of ideas afterwards.
19 Ideation
Concept 1
Mock up & Users test
Concept 2
Concept 3
20 Final Concept
Refill and spread 2-in-1
Fine tune the amount selection
6cm sliding button
• The spreader acts as a scoop. Then the spreader couldn’t be too long to be refilled in the package. 1.5cm • Maximum width of opening is only 1.5cm while spreading. This moving button has a range of 6cm to tune the amount. It’s easier for elderly and has a stronger mechanism. • Opening works downward, while spreading.
21 Ergonomic study of handle
Grasping posture The grasping postures of the hand could be divided into precision grips and power grips [1]. In our case, the way people hold spreader is power grip. This grip implies using the hand in an activity where the application of power and/or stability are of primary importance, and the need for precision is secondary.
(a)power grip posture (b)precision grip posture (a)
(b) [1]
Handle diameter
[2] [3]
[4] Reference [1] J. R. Napier, “The prehensile movements of the human hand”, Bone Joint Surg Br. 1956;38-B:902-913. [2] C. S. Edgren, R. G. Radwin, and C. B. Irwin, “Grip force vectors for varying handle diameters and hand sizes,” Human Factors: J. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 244–251, 2004. [3] Kong, Y., Lowe, B., 2005.,” Optimal cylindrical handle diameter for grip force tasks”, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 35 (6), 495–507. [4] Seo NJ, Armstrong TJ, "Investigation of grip force, normal force, contact area, hand size, and handle size for cylindrical handles", Hum Factors 2008;50(5):734–44.
According to the requirement, of project container needs a volume of 1.5~2 liter. When it comes to sand, the weight is heavy for people to carry. Therefore, the handle design that people can generate the most grip force should be taken into account. Cally S. Edgren studied that the handle diameter at which most participants generated maximum grip force was 3.81 cm. [2] Kong, Y made a statistic analysis which show that the highest comfort ratings were obtained for the 35mm handle for females and the 40mm handle for males.[3] Seo, N. J.suggested that when the fingertips and thumb tip work together directly against the palm, the maximum grip strength can be achieved[5]. Pheasant and O’Neill’s researched that normal force was highest when the thumb tip was aligned with the four fingertips [6]. Yakou speculated that the optimum grasping diameter is when the object contact with all fingertips and a full area of palm. Therefore, the greatest grip/ normal force is obtained when the centers of the middle fingertip and the thumb tip are aligned parallel to the long axis of a cylindrical handle. [4]
22 Garneau adjusted the equation which considers optimal handle diameter for both the first and second fingers.[3]
Reference
[5]
[6]
[5] Seo, N. J., Armstrong, T. J., Ashton-Miller, J. A., & Chaffin, D. B. (2007), “The effect of torque direction and cylindrical handle diameter on the coupling between the hand and a cylindrical handle”, Journal of Biomechanics,40, 3236–3243. [6] Pheasant, S., & O’Neill, D. (1975). “Performance in gripping and turning– A study in hand/handle effectiveness”. Applied Ergonomics, 6, 205–208. [7] Helmut Strasser, (2007) “Assessment of the ergonomic quality of handheld tools and computer input devices”
The result from Garneau’s study show that this kind of non-uniform shape acquire more grip quality than straight shape. This is cnsistent to the studies that curved longitudinal contour is suggested.[7] If handles do not have a spherical longitudinal contour for the pinch grip or for all tools that must be used with a power grip, large areas of the palm are unable to couple with the tool’s hand size. As a consequence, losses in the transmission of force or unnatural deformations of the hand occur. In contrast, convex longitudinal contour allows all fingers to touch the handle without unnatural deformation of the palm.
Handle design Shape Taking into consideration the handsize of German based population aged 1864, dimension percentiles 5th-95th into the equation of optimal diameter, D1 and D2 is 32 and 39 cm respectievly.
Cross section In general, circular and elliptical handle crosssection are recommended. The elliptical handle cross-section are the most comfortable based on the users test with the weight of 1kg. The users also appreciate the gap where the index finger holds.
1kg
D1=32cm D2=39cm
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Final result
Ergonomic handle
Convenient selection for spreading the material.
Easy to use, considerate to the elderly and to use with gloves
Brand Identity incorporated through use of colour and logo placement
Embedded control system of positioning stage 2 years (Sep, 2010)
A collaborative effort under a 3-year plan of the National Science Council. Partner Corporation: HIWIN Technologies Corporation
26 Motivation Precision stages are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications, including semiconductor fabrication, precision manufacturing, machine tools, lithography, and scanning probe microscopes.
Traditional structures
Most of biaxial planar stages are two-layer structures, such as Gantry type stage or piezo stage. However, the disadvantages reduce the positioning accuracy and the speed of the multi-axis stage. Disadvantage of the system currently available •Unbalanced and bulky structure •High friction •Unwanted effect (ex : Abbe error)
Task HIWIN Technologies Corporation developed a novel structure, which is a single-deck, dual-axis precision positioning stage driven by permanent magnet linear synchronous motors. Advances in technology have led to an interest in planar stages for replacing traditional two-layer biaxial systems in order to minimize friction, spatial requirements, and other unwanted effects such as Abbe error.
Novel structure
Movining stage
400mm
My research project focuses on the driver control design of the micro-level precision stage with operating range of tens of milimeter controlled by the microprocessor.
480mm Air bearings
Linear motors
27 Embedded System
Microprocessor (TI TMS320F28335) Circuit of offset & scaling
AD chip
Current amplifier
The movement of planar stage is controlled by microprocessor. It drives the motor through circuit and amplifiers. The feeback is measured by position sensors.
Position sensor
28 Synchronized Motion Control
motor
motor
motor
Paraler linear motors
D motor
Mechanical coupling
Relative Stiffness Motion Control is one of synchronized motion control. It is utilized in the research project. “Relative stiffness” is the attribute of “line shifting”. If one axis slow down, the other also slows down to keep the relative error at zero. The user enters a desired position/velocity for the master axis and the master motor controls the master motor to reach the desired position/ velocity. The slave motor has to follow the exact position of the master motor, to maintain synchronization. A compensator is employed based on the output differences between the master and slave motors to achieve synchronization. This control theory eliminates the relative motion between two motors. In the system of research project, both axes exist mechanical coupling. Their relative differenc of movement both cuase the rotation of planar stage. Thus, their synchronization error are the same.
D
Parallel linear servomotors for a single axis can increase the stiffness and precision of mechanism. However, the system exists mechanical coupling, pull-and-drag effect causes the motors to oppose each other when nonsynchronized motion happens. The stage will rotates and deforms. “Synchronized motion control” relate to the ability of the controlled axes to maintain synchronization under process loading, and to maintain synchronization while following a variable command trajectory.
29 Final Result
In the progress of implementing the control system, the research utilizes the controller in one-dimension motion system and confirms the feasibility of control theory for the system. The research implements the positioning control in two-dimension motion system of single-deck structure. Besides, the research ameliorates the control strategy according to the property of novel mechanism, achieves the great stability of control system, and perfects the control performance eventually. The experiment shows the result of dual-axis control. positioning stage is controlled to position along the square of edge length 12mm with the positioning interval of 0.5mm at 2 secs each.
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Micromaterial analysis
Precision manufacture
Micro particle measurement
Semiconductor lithography
The main contribution of my research project is to achieve the embedded control system of innovative mechanism precision planar stage by developing reliable control strategy. The novel structure provides higher accuracy and lower cost comapared to the traditional mechanism. It is able to be realized in the technologies of semiconductor, micro-electronic and medical precision.
Ume책 University Library Website 2 weeks (Feb,2013)
Group project
An interface design for Ume책 University library. The project focuses on interactive design and different aspects of graphic design.
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Research Umeå University library has spent the majority of annual budget for electronic media. However, the study showed that most of people on campus don’t know much about electronic resources.
As Umeå has been appointed the European Capital of Culture for 2014, the Umeå University library plan to highlight the e-resources.
Library Values
Books
Study
Service
E-resource
33 Current Website and Users Interview Medicine Theology student student
Front page
There are too many text while users usually don’t pay attention on these informations. It makes the website complicated. Three search bars couldn’t allow users to search materials at once.
The interface is boring. I’m used to online bookstore websites.
Search page Uhh..where is the ebook option? Maybe here...no. I’m lost... Is this material physical or electronic?
Hard to recognize the type of materials and narrow down the range of search. Some links and options which are not clear about the functions confuse users.
What should I be looking for?
Conclusion • • • •
Search should include more visual elements avoiding a text only page. Search should be more cohesive and intuitive. Focus on what users actually want. There is a definite need for placing a search bar on a header that will be available on all time.
34 Visiting physical environment
Most attractive
Association
Virtual & Real
Contact
Ideation
Billboard
35 Prototypes Concept 1 Promotion
Concept 2 Simplicity
Three categories to attract and promote more resources to users. It can also show that the librarians are constantly working on updating the information and resources.
Four simple links divide the frontpage. It’s clear for users to find where to search. The concept is inspired by Microsoft Metro.
User test
Additional note: My shelf
Personalize the users preference.
36 Final Result Front page
37 Final Result
Central search bar •More resources are exposed, more likely to be viewed. •Refresh the users. •Show the librarians are working.
Default is ebook
Hovering mouse moves slide according to selection Comments from: professors, librarain, and other users.
Read (If available online)
38 Final Result
•Personalized interface when loggin in including previous searchmemory.
Professors assign and recommend are loaded directly and appear easier to select
39 Final Result
Recommended by others
Notes
Recommend to others(such as classmates)
40 Final Result Result Page
41 Final Result Result Page
Choose the supplier users are used to
Ming-Han Chang germinating.design@gmail.com