Afaq by Ghada Almarshdi

‫آﻓــــﺎق‬

‫ﻏﺎدة اﻟﻤﺮﺷﺪي‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪٢ ............................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪:‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ‪٣ .......................‬‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪:‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ‪٤ .............................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻴﺰات اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪:‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ‪٥ .......................‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎوئ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪:‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ‪٦ .........................‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻚ اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ‪٨-٧ .................‬‬

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‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺿﺮورة؟‬

‫ﺗﺨﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ إﻟﻰ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻔﻮاﺗﻴﺮ!‬ ‫واﻟﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﺠﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺬﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺮ أو زﻳﺎرة أﻗﺮب ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ ‪0‬رﺳﺎل ﺑﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ إﻟﻰ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ !‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪو وﻛﺄﻧﻚ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮات ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎة ا`ن أﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻫﻲ‬ ‫»اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ«‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﺎﻫﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﺗﺪاول اﻟﺴﻠﻊ واﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫وﻻ ﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪A‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻞ ﺗﺘﻌﺪى ذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺸﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ا‪A‬ﻋﻼن اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‪،‬‬ ‫وﺗﺒﺎ ُدل اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴ ًﺎ‪ ،‬وأﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫وﻳﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪A‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﻤﻮ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﺿﻤﺎن أﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬و\ن ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ا‪A‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻃﺎت اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ا‪A‬ﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳُﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻋﺒﺮ ا‪A‬ﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮح‬

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‫ﺷــﺮاء‬

‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ ﺗﺠﺎرة إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت واﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت‪ :‬ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪A‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬‫ﺳﻴﺴﻜﻮ )‪ (Cisco‬وﺷﺮﻛﺎﺋﻬﺎ وﻋﻤﻼﺋﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت ا\ﺧﺮى‪.‬‬ ‫ ﺗﺠﺎرة إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت واﻟﺰﺑﺎﺋﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪A‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪A‬ﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ وزﺑﺎﺋﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬ ِﻠﻜﻴﻦ )ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ‪.(Etailers‬‬ ‫ ﺗﺠﺎرة إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺰﺑﺎﺋﻦ واﻟﺰﺑﺎﺋﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪ eBay‬اﻟﺬي ﻳ ُ ﱢ‬‫ﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺣﺮة‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻟﺰﺑﺎﺋﻦ اﻟﻌﺎرﺿﻴﻦ واﻟﺮاﻏﺒﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻗﺘﻨﺎء أو اﻟﻤﺒﺎ َدﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﻤﻴﺰات‬

‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ واﻟﺠﻬﺪ‬

‫ﻻ ﺣﺪود ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎن‬ ‫واﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬

‫ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ أﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت‬

‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﺪء وﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫إدارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬

‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﺟﺮاءات اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﺮاء‬

‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ ﻋﺪد أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت ذات ﺟﻮدة ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎر أرﺧﺺ‬

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‫ﻣﺴﺎوئ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ا‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ اﺗﺼﺎل إﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﺪم اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﺶ‬ ‫واﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎل‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺪم ﺿﻤﺎن ا\ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أو اﻟﺨﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻋﺪم اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﺮاء‬

‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﻨﺎك ﻣﺎ ﻳﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺄﺧﺮ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻼم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬

‫ﺗﺰوﻳﺮ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎت اﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎن‬

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‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬

‫ﺗﺒﺪأ ﻣﺘﺠﺮك اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ ا‪d‬ول؟‬

‫‪” .١‬اﻟﻔﻜﺮة“ ﻫﻲ ﻋﺼﺐ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬك ﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺎل وا‪1‬ﺗﻘﺎن‪ ،‬ﺛﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ أن اﻟﻔﻜﺮة‬ ‫ﻫﻲ أﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ا‪J‬ﻣﺮ‪ .‬اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ا‪J‬ﺷﺨﺎص ﺗﻮﻓﺮت ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻘﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺟﺢ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺗﺄﺧﺮوا ﻓﻲ إﻃﻼق ﻣﺸﺎرﻳﻌﻬﻢ ﻟﻌﺪم ﺗﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ إﻳﺠﺎد ﻓﻜﺮة ﻓﺮﻳﺪة ﻣﻤﻴﺰة ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮن اﻟﺮﻫﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺬ وﻗﺘﻚ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻜﺮة ﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮك اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ اﻟﻘﺎدم‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﻟﻚ‪ ،‬واﺳﺄل ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ”ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺬي أﺗﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﻮ أن‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎك ﻣﺘﺠﺮا اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺎ ﺧﺎص ﻟﺒﻴﻌﻪ؟“‪.‬‬ ‫اﺳﺄل ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﻟﻚ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺴﺆال واﺟﻤﻊ إﺟﺎﺑﺎﺗﻬﻢ‪ ،‬رﺑﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﺘﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮة ﻟﻢ ﺗﺨﻄﺮ ﺑﺒﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﺠﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺮ ﺟﻴﺪا ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﺗﻘﺮر‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٢‬دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺠﺪوى وﺑﻨﺎء ﻧﻤﻮذج اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﻞ اﺧﺘﺮت اﻟﻔﻜﺮة؟ ﻣﻤﺘﺎز! ﺣﺎن اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻮة اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﺸﺮوع ﻧﺎﺟﺢ ﻻﺑﺪ وأن ﻳﺴﺒﻘﻪ دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺄﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺪى ﺟﺪواه‬ ‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﺗﻀﻴﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ووﻗﺘﻚ ﻫﺒﺎء‪ ،‬إذا ﻛﻨﺖ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺮف‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ إﻋﺪاد دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺠﺪوى ﻟﻔﻜﺮﺗﻚ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺎت اﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺪم ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎرﻳﻊ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮة‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ )ﻣﺜﻞ ‪ OceanX‬أو ﻣﺴﺎر اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت ا‪J‬ﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺬي ﻳﺸﺮف ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﺨﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ أﻣﻬﺮ اﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ واﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٣‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺪأت ا{ن ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻚ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺿﻮح‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﻜﺮة ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‪ ،‬اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‪ ،‬اﻟﺨﻄﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‪ ،‬وﻫﺎ أﻧﺖ ا{ن ﺗﺴﺘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﻄﻼق اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺬات ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﺮوري ﺟﺪا أن ﺗﻀﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻚ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ اﻻﺣﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﻚ واﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻌﺎر ﻣﻤﻴﺰ ذو ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ وأﻟﻮان ﻣﻤﻴﺰة ﺗﻜﻮن واﺟﻬﺘﻚ ﻟﻠﻨﺎس ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺗﺤﺪﺛﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٤‬ﻣﺎذا ﺳﺘﺒﻴﻊ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪ ،‬ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻫﻢ رﻛﻦ ﻣﻦ أرﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠــﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺒﻴﻌﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﻴﻜﻮن اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺞ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج ﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻊ اﻟﻌﺒﻮات أو ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺑﻪ؟‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﻚ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وأﻧﺖ ﺗﻄﻮر ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻚ ﺗﺨﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ أﻧﻚ أﻧﺖ اﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ‪ ..‬ﻫﻞ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﺑﺸﺮاء ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي ﻃﻮرﺗﻪ؟ ﻫﻞ أﻧﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ وﺷﺮاؤه ﻋﺒﺮ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ؟‬ ‫”اﻟﺒﺤﺚ واﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ“ ﻣﻔﻴﺪة ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‪ ،‬اﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻪ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﻚ ﺳﻮاء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻮق اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ أو اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫وﻗﺎرن ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻚ ﺑﻬﺬه اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎك ﻣﻴﺰة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻚ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮه؟‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻦ ﻣﻤﻴﺰات اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻮق؟‬ ‫اﺣﺮص ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻚ ﻣﺘﻔﻮق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺮه‪.‬‬ ‫وﻣﻦ ا‪J‬ﻣﻮر اﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻫﻮ ”اﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﺮ”‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﺗﺘﺄﻧﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ وﺗﺨﺘﺎر اﻟﺴﻌﺮ ا‪J‬ﻧﺴﺐ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﻚ‬ ‫وﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻫﺎﻣﺶ رﺑﺢ ﻳﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٥‬اﻟﻤﻮارد‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻚ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ أن ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﺤ ّﻠﺔ اﺣﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺔ ورﺳﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﺑﺘﺪاء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﺮورا ﺑﺈﺻﺪار‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺠﻞ اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع ‪-‬وﻫﺬه ﺧﻄﻮة ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺟﺪا‪ -‬و ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻚ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻫﻢ اﻟﻤﻮرّدﻳﻦ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺳﺘﺠﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻌﻚ‪ ،‬إذا ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ ﺷﺮﻛﺎت ﻛﺒﻴﺮة أو ﻣﺜﻼ ﻣﺎرﻛﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ا‪J‬ﻓﻀﻞ أن ﺗﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ إﺗﻤﺎم أﻣﻮرك ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫‪ .٦‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺪأ اﻟﺤﻤﺎس!‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ ﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮك ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻤﻞ وأﻣﺘﻊ اﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع أﺳﻬﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﺨﻴﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫– اﺑﺪأ أوﻻ ﺑﺤﺠﺰ اﻟﺪوﻣﻴﻦ اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑﻤﻮﻗﻌﻚ‬ ‫– اﺧﺘﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺼﺔ ا‪J‬ﻧﺴﺐ ‪1‬دارة اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮى‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎك اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺼﺎت اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام وﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻣﺠﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ‪ ،OpenCart، WooCommerce، Magento‬وأﺧﻴﺮا ﻣﻨﺼﺔ ‪.Shopify‬‬ ‫– اﺑﺪأ ﺑﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ واﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﺘﺠﺮك ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚ‪ ،‬أو ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺷﺮاء أﺣﺪ اﻟﺜﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﺠﺎﻫﺰة وﺗﻨﺼﻴﺒﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‪ ،‬أو ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻤﻄﻮر‬ ‫وﻳﺐ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮ ﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫– ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻬﻢ أﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻚ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎه ‪J‬دق اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎول ﺑﻘﺪر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﺎع أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﺘﺠﺮك ﻣﺮﻳﺤ ًﺎ وﺳﻬﻞ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام و واﺿﺢ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ا‪J‬ﻓﻀﻞ أن ﺗﺠﻌﻞ ﺧﻴﺎرات اﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة ﻟﻴﺨﺘﺎر ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻪ وﻳﺜﻖ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٧‬ﻓﺘﺢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت ﺑﻨﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮك‬ ‫ﺣﺎن اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ا{ن ﻟﺘﺒﺪأ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت ﺑﻨﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮك اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻋﻤﻼؤك ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻤﺪﻓﻮﻋﺎت ﻟﻚ‬ ‫)ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ إﺻﺪار ﺳﺠﻞ ﺗﺠﺎري ﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮك ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﺑﻨﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺒﻨﻮك اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺘﺮط وﺟﻮد ﺳﺠﻞ ﺗﺠﺎري ﺧﺎص ﺑﻤﺸﺮوﻋﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺤﺴﺎب(‪.‬‬ ‫وﻻﺣﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺔ أﻛﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ إﺻﺪار ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻴﺰا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﺒﻨﻜﻲ ﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺘﻚ ﻟﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺣﺴﺎب ‪ PayPal‬ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺘﺠﺮك‪ ،‬وﺗﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺧﻴﺎرات اﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٨‬ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺸﺤﻦ واﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ أﻫﻢ أﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎت ﻣﺘﺠﺮك اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ ﻫﻮ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺸﺤﻦ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎت ﻟﻌﻤﻼﺋﻚ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎك اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﺸﺤﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ‪ ،FedEx، Aramex، DHL، UPS‬اﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدي‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻮﻧﻚ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺗﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺳﺠﻞ ﺗﺠﺎري‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻜﻮن ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ .‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ أﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﺳﻌﺮ اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪة ﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻋﺪد ﺷﺤﻨﺎﺗﻚ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﺳﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻬﺮ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎ زاد ﻋﺪد اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﻞ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪة‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ أن ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺤﺴﺎب ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﺳﻤﻚ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻘﻮم ﺷﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﺠﺮك( وﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﻌﺒﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺴﻠﻴﻤﻚ ﺑﻮﻟﻴﺼﺎت ﺷﺤﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻚ )ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ إﻟﻴﻪ – اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻼؤك‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٩‬ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ أن ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﺮاء‪ ،‬ﻻﺑﺪ أن ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ آﻣﻦ وأﻧﻴﻖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺷﺤﻨﻪ وإﻳﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫دون أﺿﺮار أو ﻧﻘﺺ‪ .‬وﻫﻨﺎك اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺣﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .١٠‬ﻣﺒﺮوك ﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮ!‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﻲ اﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎرﻳﻮ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻮق اﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺠﺮك‪ ،‬وﻟﻨﻘﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻛﺘﻤﺎل ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات‪:‬‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻚ اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ | ﺗﻢ √‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺼﻔﺢ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت | ﺗﻢ √‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻟﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻮق وﻳﻜﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻓﻊ | ﺗﻢ √‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ أﻧﺖ ﺑﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ | ﺗﻢ √‬ ‫وﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤﻪ ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻠﻪ | ﺗﻢ √‬

‫ﻣﻤﺘﺎز! أﻧﺖ ا ن ﺟﺎﻫﺰ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪٪١٠٠‬‬

‫‪٩‬‬

‫ﻣﺘﺠــﺮ وردات اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧــﻲ ﻫــﻮ اﻟﻤﺘﺠــﺮ ا\ول ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋــﻪ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜــﺔ ﻟﺒﻴــﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺠــﺎت اﻟــﻮرد‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔــﻲ ا\ﺻﻠﻴــﺔ ﻣــﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﻨــﻊ إﻟــﻰ ﺑﻴﺘــﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻘﻴﻨــﺎ ﻟﻜــﻢ أﺟــﻮد اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠــﺎت ﻣــﻦ أﺟــﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧــﻊ اﻟﻤﺸــﻬﻮرة ﺑﺘﻘﻄﻴــﺮ اﻟــﻮرد وﺻﻨﺎﻋﺘــﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘــﺪم‪ .‬ﻧﺤــﺮص ﻋﻠــﻰ أن ﻧﻤــ ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﺋــﻒ ﻣﻨــﺬ ِ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻜــﻢ ﺑﺮاﺋﺤــﺔ اﻟــﻮرد اﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔــﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﻌﺸــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫وأن ﺗﺸــﺎرﻛﻮا ﻣﺪﻳﻨــﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﺋــﻒ ﻓــﻲ أﺣــﺪ ﻛﻨــﻮز‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌــﺔ اﻟﺘــﻲ ﺣﺒﺎﻫــﺎ ا ﺑﻬــﺎ ‪ ..‬اﻟــﻮرد اﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔــﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.wardatstore.com‬‬

6. Website The development of your store website is one of the most beautiful and enjoyable phases that you will pass by. It is much easier than you can imagine, - First book of your website domain - Select the most appropriate platform for content management, there are many e-commerce platforms is easy to use and some are free. The best known is OpenCart, WooCommerce, - Start developing your storefront yourself, or you can buy a ready-made themes, or you can use a Web developer to make your website store. - It is important during the development of your website to give attention to detail, try as much as possible that the your website store is convenient and easy to use and quite clear to the user. It is better to make multiple payment options so the client choose what suits him. 7. open bank accounts to store Now is time to start opening bank accounts for your store so your customers can transfer the payments to you (you must have Commercial Register so you can open a bank account in the name of your institution, all Saudi banks require a commercial register for your so they will open the account). For more professional, you can issue a Visa for the bank account for your organization so you can make it with payment options in the store website. 8. Shipping and Delivery Service One of main basics of your store is to choose a shipping company that will deliver to your customers, there are many shipping companies such as FedEx, Aramex, DHL, UPS, Saudi Post. Being a commercial enterprise having a commercial Register, Shipping companies will deal with you differently. In the sense that you can open an account so that they will lower the price per shipment numbers you send per month, Shipping company will give you shipment policies (printed

9. Packaging Service After the customer purchase, the processing of purchase must be in a safe and elegant way until it shipped and delivered to the customer without damage who do that professionally. 10. Congratulations to you the store! Imagine the expected scenario to customer shopping process in your online store and let check for completion of all steps: - Open your website | done - Browses Products | done - Adds them to the shopping cart and complete the payment process | done - Then you equip the order | done - And delivered to the shipping company to deliver it to customer | done Excellent! Now you are ready %100

How to start your online store? 1. «The idea» is the backbone of the project Whatever your performance for your project in a very perfect way, just beileve that the idea is the most important thing. Many people have all the elements of a successful project available, but they were late in launching their projects Take your time in searching for the idea for your coming to your store, Look around you, and ask yourself, «What is the thing that I wish that there is a special store to sell it?». Ask people around you this question and gather their answers, perhaps you discover idea did not come to your mind before. Do not rush, think very well before you decide. 2. Feasibility Study Did you choose the idea? Excellent! It is time to move to the next step. Each successful project must be preceded by a careful study of the extent economic viability so as not to waste your money and time in vain, if you do not know how to set up the feasibility study for the your to small and medium projects at affordable prices. 3. Identity Design Now your project clearly formed, the idea, study and the plan is ready, now you are preparing for the actual starting point. In this particular phase very necessary to give the professional nature to your project, and that is by designing an integrated identity for your project and choose a distinctive logo and special colors that attached people to your project. 4. What you will sell? Product, is the second most important pillar of the project. What are the products that you will sell? Do you need to factories to make bottles or something like? yourself that you are the client .. Do you want to buy this product, which you developed? Are you ready to pay for it value and buy it online? «Search and comparison» is useful at this point, look for a product similar to your in the domestic market or global product and compare these products. Is there a feature in your product does not exist in the other? How can you take advantage of the features of the products already in the market? Make sure that your product is superior to others. Also very important at this stage the «pricing», choose the most appropriate price for your product 5. Resources All resources that needed in your project in order to appear in a professional way, starting from very important step. One of important resources also are the suppliers who gonna bring your goods, if you cooperate with big companies, It is best to make sure complete your affairs with them at this stage.

Advantages of

E-COMMERCE

Reach out to more consumers Low operational costs with better quality of services

No geographic and time limitations

Easy to start and manage the business

Convenient and time-saving

Faster buying and selling procedure

Find quality products at cheaper prices

Disadvantages of

E-COMMERCE

Need for an Internet Connection

Inability to Identify Scams

There is no guarantee of product quality.

Inability to Experience the Product Before Purchase

Credit Card Fraud

Delay in Receiving Goods

security or privacy

TYPES OF E-COMMERCE 1- B2B E-Commerce – Its the E-commerce between companies Its the major area for E-commerce. Example- Cisco 2- B2C E-Commerce – Commerce between companies and consumers. Example- Etailers 3- C2C E-Commerce – Commerce between individuals or consumers. Example- Use of Websites like eBay.

WHATIS E-COMMERCE? E-commerce is trading in goods and services via the internet. position. E-commerce appliances to food items.

Is it a necessity ?

E-Commerce

to pay the bills! the Railway station to get a train ticket or visiting the nearest

Seems like you you are living life as people did a decade back. Life as we know it has been made very easy by a simple word

(E-Commerce)

Contents

Begining ..................................... 2 What is E-Commerce ................. 3 Type of E-Commerce ................. 4 Advantagies of E-Commerce ..... 5 Disadvantagies of E-Commerce...6 How to start your store?........... 7-8

Afaq

Ghada Al marshadi