DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Volume 3 • Number 3 • September 2013 The magazine for African dairy industry >> www.dairypostafrica.com
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
FROM the editor DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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“Come, let’s learn and share ideas”
A
s the 8th African Dairy Conference and Exhibition opens, we as ESADA would like to reiterate our resolve towards seeing the dairy sector achieve its full potential. We are committed to our mission, which is to increase the trade in African dairy products. As you will witness through the various exhibitors and conference speakers at this event, the dairy industry in Africa is undergoing positive transformation with adoption of new technologies, a growing breadth of finished milk products and an expanding market aided by EAC, COMESA and SADC trading blocs. We recognise the several milestones that have been realized over the last few years and the integral role the dairy sector plays in creating employment, enhancing food security and helping people especially in the rural areas sustain themselves. The Conference and Exhibition will have more exposure opportunities for exhibitors and sponsors, and extremely valuable presentations for all the participants. It will be an enriching experience, this year focusing on new technology in the context of challenges facing the sector.
The conference offers more exposure opportunities for exhibitors and sponsors, and valuable presentations for all the participants I would like to call on you visitors, exhibitors and conference to speakers to utilise the moment and exchange contacts and ideas, which will see you widen your network for future business prospects. Finally, join us at the Dairy Connection cocktail this evening at at the Revolving Restaurant on the 27th floor of KICC, which will set us off the blocks in this memorable event.
Peter Ngaruiya, ESADA Executive Director
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CONTENTS DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Main Feature: Quality based milk payment system
CONTENTS
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CONTENTS DairyPost Africa • September 2013
editorial committee
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6 Osnabruecker Holstein Genetics DairyPost Africa • September 2013
The number 1 in Germany!
Photo: Wolfhard Schulze
BOSS
262.400
Bookem x VG-85 Man-O-Man x VG-86 Goldwin x EX-91 Jocko Besne Radieuse
gRZG
161
This Bookem son from the family of the well-known French show-cow Radieuse EX-91 really has it all! He transmits outstanding production: kg Milk
+1624
% Fat
kg Fat
% Protein
kg Protein
gRZM
+0,08
+76
+0,21
+78
147
Type without weaknesses: Dairyness 108 Frame 114 F&L 121 MS 121 gRZE 127 Stature Dairy form Frame depth Strength Rump angle Rump width Leg set (side) Foot angle Hock quality Leg set (rear) Locomotion Rear udder Central ligament Teats fore Teats rear Fore udder Udder depth Teat length
short tight shallow frail high pins narrow pasty low poor hocked-in poor low weak wide wide loose deep short
tall open deep strong sloped wide sickled steep clean parallel good high strong close close strong shallow long
114 105 105 106 108 104 105 104 117 111 116 123 124 115 119 108 105 104
KNS Rendezvous – Dam of BOSS
Only positive Management and Health traits: gKVd 109, gRZKm 113, gRZS 116, gRZD 105, gRZR 113, gRZN 126 That’s why BOSS is very interesting for each Holstein herd worldwide.
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Dairy Post Profile
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ESADA News DairyPost Africa • September 2013
ESADA News
Taking the
dairytosector the next level
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n behalf of the Eastern and Southern Africa Dairy Association (ESADA) I wish to welcome you to the DairyPost Africa, a publication aimed at educating, informing and connecting dairy stakeholders in Africa and beyond. As you are aware, for over five years, since 2005, ESADA in collaboration with our partners has been producing quarterly, DairyMail Africa. The publication has been out of circulation for close two years. In pursuit of our mandate, to promote intraregional trade in safe, healthy and quality dairy products, we have now partnered with Dairy Consulting Africa Ltd to re-launch the DairyPost Africa, the authoritative publication on the dairy industry in Africa and beyond. This publication will provide up-to-date in-
formation on the status of the dairy industry in Africa and provide a platform for sharing of knowledge, information, technologies, solutions and practices delivering competitiveness in the dairy sector in the continent. The dairy industry in Africa continues to experience tremendous growth both in production and consumption of milk and milk products. However, the sector is underperforming due to among other challenges, low on-farm production, market access, product quality, poor sector support services and unfavorable business environment and nonsupportive policies. The importance of the dairy sector in Africa cannot be gainsaid. The sector continues to support millions of household in the Africa in
ESADA News DairyPost Africa • September 2013
the entire value chain. The sector is considered very necessary in fighting poverty and enhancing food security in Africa. Most countries in East Africa practice quantity based payment system. However some milk zones in some East Africa countries are experimenting with quality based payment system. A lot of researches have been conducted on benefits and ways of implementing a quality based payment system and it has been found to be a very potent strategy to improving the quality of raw milk.
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The Eastern and Southern Africa Dairy Association (ESADA) is pleased to present to the Dairy Players in Africa and beyond your quarterly publication that you can use to advance the Africa dairy agenda and to put the Africa dairy in the World Dairy Map. I humbly invite your comments and seek your support in making the DairyPost Africa the authority in African Dairy issues. It is my pleasure to welcome you to the revamped and focused publication dedicated to advancement of the goodness that is Milk! Welcome
In this issue of DairyPost Africa, we highlight quality based payment system. As an association, ESADA urges our members and partners to lobby and support implementation of this system of payment of raw milk as a strategy for improvement of the quality of milk in Africa. This will reduce post harvest losses, increase income not only to farmers but also to other players in the entire dairy value chain.
Executive Director Eastern and Southern Africa Dairy Association
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African Dairy Outlook DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Malawi
ZAMBIA
40%
15% The average growth rate of dairy industry
Smallholder dairy farmers’ contribution to all marketed milk
45
litres
The average of per capita consumption of milk
Mauritius
zimbabwe
120
Tanzania
6%
Million litres
Annual growth of consumed milk products within the market
estimated demand for milk per annum
African Dairy Outlook FOCUS ON TANZANIA
Opportunities abound in dairy sector The Tanzanian dairy sector is highly regarded for its potential to improve food security and reduce poverty. The average of per capita consumption is 45 litres, and is expected to increase in near future to about 100 litres. The main drivers of growth in the sector are rapid population growth, urbanization and increasing per capita income. “This provides both a challenge for the Tanzania dairy industry to grow and seize the opportunity,” says a report titled Sagcot Investment Partnership program, by Sokoine University of Agriculture and Tanzania Dairy Board. Milk processing is mostly done by small units, with a daily capacity of between 500 and 50,000 litres. There 62 dairy processing units, all with a capacity 410,500 litres day. However, only about 112,400 litres are processed. There are enormous opportunities in
production, collection, processing,provision of inputs including feeds and artificial insemination services, and consumption. This is because the dairy sector operates under a low input, low output regime. In all the towns of Arusha, Kilimanjaro, Mara, Kagera, Mwanza, Tanga, Morogoro, Dar es Salam, Iringa and Mbeya, there is also a wide gap between investments in milk production, collection and processing capacity. In Arusha, for example, while 105,000 litres are produced daily during the flash season, only about 5,000 is collected. The processing capacity is slightly below 60,000 litres. Dominant direct milk sales to consumers by producers create diseconomies of scale, while converting the 97% “raw milk” consumers to processed milk consumers remains a
African Dairy Outlook DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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FOCUS ON Mauritius
The price for dairy products must be fairer and attractive By Indra Thanacody For the past 10 years, there has been a lot of awareness as regards to dairy products in general and the consumption of yoghurt in all forms has surely been growing steadily. Mauritius, home to nearly 1.3 million people, has and still is a great market as the consumption of dairy products is embedded in the traditions and cultures of our country. For instance, processed cheddar cheese is still found in all houses as it has been a tradition to include this particular product for children going to school within a loaf of bread or even for the sugar cane laborer who still consumes the cheddar cheese as a snack with his rum!
It is a must as well to use natural yoghurt as another example in the preparation of Briani, a national delicacy in Mauritius and all these have contributed to a growth of around 6% annually within the market. But nowadays the range of dairy products on our supermarket’s shelves is widening, meaning that Mauritians are more and more aware of the importance of dairy products as part of their daily diet. It is completely understandable and comprehensive that the prices will increase due to the high price of milk powder worldwide, and that it will be inevitable that such increase would be passed on to the consumers which will in turn affect the growth in the consumption of dairy products
FOCUS ON ZAMBIA
Training sights on import market Buoyant state of the local market prompts commercial producers to ignore incipient problems and explore possibility of exports The key stakeholders in Zambia’s dairy sector are producers and processors. Input suppliers, service providers, government and retailers also play a major role. The producers in this case are the dairy farmers segmented as either smallholder, emergent or commercial. Smallholder dairy farmers’ contribution is about 40% of all marketed milk. Emergent and commercial farmers produce the other 60%, according to Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Program (RATES) report. Zambia’s
cattle
population
is
about
3,038,000, according to ACF, 2012 findings. Of these, only 15,000 are cows and heifers (DAZ, 2012). Dairy sector’s contribution to the economy The dairy sectors contribution to the economy can be measured in the volume of milk produced. While 215 million litres (MAL, 2012) is produced per year, demand is 253 million litres. The country imports about 25% of its milk requirement. Only 23% of the milk produced is processed. The rest is marketed through informal channels.
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
African Dairy Outlook DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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FOCUS ON ZIMBABWE
Sustained dairy industry growth in Zimbabwe Demand outstrips supply as industry paces forward The dairy industry in Zimbabwe plays a pivotal role in the country’s agricultural sector, providing the nation with nutrition, while simultaneously creating employment and earning the country much-needed foreign currency. The sector has evolved over the years, gradually transforming itself through the implementation of a Government-driven land reform program, which was successfully implemented in the year 2000. Production systems range from extensive, low cost systems to intensive, zero-grazing (cut-andcarry) systems. During the harsh economic environment experienced in the last decade, the country’s milk drinking culture plummet-
ed when production levels diminished. In the last four years, production levels have been on an upward trend and currently the dairy industry is making efforts to resuscitate the milk drinking culture through a “Think Milk Drink Milk” campaign spearheaded by the Zimbabwe Dairy Industry Trust (ZDIT). Milk processing Zimbabwe has seven major processing companies and more than 20 smaller players, including producer-retailers who supply to an established processor as well as process part of their output. There is a growing market for dairy products, with consumers demanding
Focus on Malawi
Dairy sector headed for better times Like most countries in Africa, the dairy industry in Malawi is dominated by small-scale farmers. There are about 4,000 farmers who in total produce about 6.5 million litres per year. It is estimated that the informal sector produces an extra 27 million litres. “It is growing annually and opportunities exist in both the domestic and regional markets,” writes Theodora Nyamandi of the Malawi Dairy Board in a report on the country’s dairy sector. “Productivity per cow is low, and cost of production is high due to inefficiencies and low economies of scale.” The industry has been growing at an average
rate of 15% per year, while per capita consumption of milk is about six litres. This is below the continent average of 15 litres and the Food and Agricultural Organization recommended 200 litres. Milk supply is also inadequate, with up to 40% of national requirement imported from Zimbabwe. Average productivity per cow per day is only 5.7 litres, mainly due to poor management, poor nutrition, and lack of veterinary and extension support. The few processing plants that meet international standards are underutilized –they operate at 26% capacity-, according to a report by the Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Sup-
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
main feature
Quality based milk payment system
main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Milk collection at Kabiyet cooler plant © Koigi
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An emerging reality in Kenya?
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wo years ago, Laban Talam from Kapsiet village in Eldoret was the poster child of the typical small-scale dairy farmer in Kenya. Milk production from two indigenous breeds was only four litres per day. It was barely enough for his family’s upkeep, let alone for selling to the market. Good animal husbandry, hygiene and milk handling were alien concepts to him. For instance, he was using cold water and skin lotion to prepare his cows’ udder for milking. Enter Nestle Kenya with its elaborate dairy educative programme, which has proven successful in other countries notably India, Pakistan, China and Indonesia. Talam’s production is now 28 litres per day, while his market for the milk, Kabiyet Dairies Company Limited, has arguably the best quality milk in the whole of Kenya today.
“The training has been amazing,” says the father of two, and one of the 12 ‘trainers of trainers’ who’ve acquired the skills on quality milk production through a training programme by Nestle and other development partners namely SNV, East Africa Dairy Development Project and Heifer Project International. This month, Kabiyet Dairies Company Limited begin implementing a new payment system with New KCC, Kenya’s oldest milk processor, whereby farmers will be paid on the quality of milk they deliver, not on quantity. The better the quality, the more the money per litre. It is a welcome departure from the traditional “quantity-based” system, and implies that the efforts of Nestle and its partners are bearing fruit.
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main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Talam, whose farm was visited by American philanthropist Bill Gates in December, 2009 now represents the vision of every dairy farmer in Kenya: To produce high quality milk that will increase demand for exports and attract premium customers such as Nestle. Nestle’s wide variety of food products count high quality milk as one of the raw materials. Currently, the company does not procure milk from Kenya due to its poor quality. “Of course, we are looking forward to joining the procurement chain,” says Manu Scharer, the Supplier Development Manager. “And with the success we’ve seen at Kabiyet, this will be soon.” High quality milk entails the whole process of milk production, from breeding to feeding,
animal care, milking, handling, delivery and processing. Each process must be congruent with laid down procedures that ensure milk is of good quality. High quality milk must be of a certain composition in terms of butter-
The butterfat content for Ayrshire can be as high as 5% earning the farmers more compared to between 3.8% and 4.5% for the Fresians mostly reared in Kabiyet
main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
fat content, bacterial load, and density. While the butterfat content varies with the breed of dairy cow, bacterial load is indicative of hygiene while the density of milk, taken through an electrometre reading tests any adulteration mostly through water. “Kenya is now on the fast lane towards adopting the best practices towards producing high quality milk,” says Tahir Mahmood, Dairy Development Manager, Nestle Kenya. “Farmers are really keen on learning.” Kabiyet Dairies has 8,000 registered members. Out of these, 3,600 are active and deliver 12,000 litres per day to the co-operative. It has 12 milk collection centres and three chillers. “Your plant is very impressive,” Gates said when he visited in December, 2009. “Great work.”
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“Farmers have been very quick to adopt the high quality milk production procedures and the results are evident” Belinda Kosgei, the manager
The average bacterial load of milk produced in Kenya is 2 million per milliliter. For milk at Kabiyet Dairies, the load is 700,000. “Before the start of the training programme, the load was as high as 26 million,” says Tahir. In New
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main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Zealand, reputed for its high quality milk, the load is 100,000. Milk from Kabiyet has an electro-metre reading of between 28 and 32, while the Kenyan standard is a sorry 26. The butterfat content is between 3.8% and 4.5% for the Fresians mostly reared here. “For Ayrshire, its can be up to 5%, thus earning the farmers more,” says Tahir. The success at Kabiyet is already being replicated at the neighbouring Kaptumo and Teragon areas, also prime milk catchment areas in Eldoret, Rift Valley. The idea behind high quality milk production and handling methods at Kabiyet Dairies can be traced way back to 2010 when Nestle organized a learning trip for six farmers to India. India, in spite on 80% of its milk-producing breeds being domesticated buffaloes, produces better quality milk than Kenya. After the 16-day training, the farmers were now ready to put their skills into practice. “In Africa, we have comparatively better breeds but the system of handling milk is very wanting,” says Abraham Rugut, one of the farmers who visited India. “There, milk is delivered very fast to the chilling plants, unlike here where it takes up to four hours.” Rugut, who is also the Chairman of the dairy co-operative says quality based milk payment system should be backed with some legislation by the government, especially in the milk handling/transportation. Recently, the Kenya Dairy Board (KDB)
banned hawking of milk, while the North Rift Dairy Board, under which Kabiyet Dairies falls, banned transportation of milk in plastic containers. . This is in an While KDB’s ban is an effort to increase the percentage of processed milk from the current 20%, that by the North Rift Dairy Board is meant to sustain good quality. Hawking of milk, an exercise through which a lot of good quality milk goes sour, arises from poor prices offered to farmers (through their dairy co-operatives) by processors. The prices fluctuate according to seasons of lean or flash. KDB managing director Machira Gichohi says, “Of concern to us is the big difference between producer prices and the prices paid by consumers. Farmers get between Sh32 and Sh35 per litre of milk sold while the same amount of processed milk is retailing at Sh90.” Rugut, the Kabiyet Dairies chairman opines that the government should also support farmers in easy acquisition of inputs. “In India, farmers get loans with as low as 4% interest. This has enabled them to easily adopt the best practices for high quality milk production.” Under a quality-based milk payment regime, farmers will earn up to 10% more per litre. This, says Rugut, will not only encourage farmers to ensure quality, but will spur competition for producing more milk. The overall milk production in Kenya is therefore likely to increase.
main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
If quality improves, Nestle is likely to enter the procurement chain, meaning more money for farmers. In South Africa, its biggest source market in Africa, the company buys 400 tonnes of milk a day. It also buys 120 tonnes from farmers in Morocco. The company has engaged more than 700,000 farmers worldwide. In Kenya, Nestle hopes ideal legislation and sustained adoption of best practices will enable it take the country’s dairy sector to the next level. “We can make Kenyan milk very competitive,” asserts Scharer, the Supplier Development Manager.
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main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
main feature DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Farmer Profile
Tassell Dairies The couple of Moses Njoroge and Susan Nyambura is resolute about one thing. They cannot be employed, regardless of how plum a job offer can be. This resoluteness is indicative of just how profitable and lucrative a well-managed and professionally run dairy production outfit is. Moses and Susan own Tassell Dairies, a model farm set on a one-and-a-quarter acre piece of land bordering Ruiru town, Kiambu County, Kenya. This location represents one arm of an expansive cattle husbandry venture whose daily fruits of labour include 1,000 litres of milk sold at KSh 50 a unit. Tassell Dairies also rears beef cattle and heifers for sale.
“Since we dabbled in this business over a decade ago, we have never looked back,” says Moses, a soft-spoken humble gentleman. Tassells practices high quality breeding, feeding and milk production practices. “It should be of concern to us farmers in Kenya that visiting foreigners are warned not to consume the milk we produce due to its poor quality.” This farm is so passionate about this central issue of milk quality that it offers training to any walk-in farmers, pro bono. The word “Tassells” has been derived from the Bible, and implies something of value, precious. Under this name, the farm was established in 2009, though the couple had been practicing
DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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breeding for over 13 years. Throughout her schooling years, Susan’s dream was to become a dairy farmer of repute. It was an interesting coincidence when she met Moses, the love of her life, with a similar dream.
this case the processor, who decides how much he will pay you for your milk,” says Moses. And yet, the cost of inputs- feeds, vaccines, veterinary fees etc., is always on an upward trend.
“Together, we had 19 cows which rapidly increased to 35. But even with this number, milk production was only a few litres. We had to go back to the drawing board,” recalls Susan. “We did a lot of research, focusing on breeding, nutrition, farm management and animal health care.”
Tassells does not supply to any specific processor. It pasteurizes the milk, grades it according to density and buffet fat content and sells to specific, -mostly end-user, customers. “We should have a regulatory regime well managed by the Kenya Dairy Board whereby they determine the cost of inputs and benchmark the cost of payment to farmers on this,” proposes Moses.
Their turnaround started with selling off some of the cows and buying better producing breeds. “Our ultimate aim was to develop our own breeds, well adopted to the local conditions,” says Moses. The breeds are a mixture of Ayrshires, Fresians and Guernseys. “We keep records of all our cows. This way, we know the genetic factors of all our breeds.”
Tassells now has 80 cows. The cost of a heifer starts at Ksh150,000 (US$1,765) Tassells bemoans the fact that dairy farmers in Kenya are always at the mercy of processors in terms of payment for produce. “In developed markets, it is the farmer who dictactes the price of his produce. Here, it works the other way round. It is the customer, in
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Though he welcomes the quality-based milk payment system, Moses says a lot of education and farmer awareness is required. “Dairy production is now a whole new ball game from what it was a few years ago. A serious farmer must take into account milk handling, calf rearing and cattle management, cow psychology among others.” Tassells does not preach water and drink wine; it produces quality milk and imbibes from the same well. Moses gives us the dos and don’t’s in a nutshell: • The quality of milk, whether good or bad, is solely your choice as a farmer. What you put into the cow is what you get from it in terms of nutrients, feeding routine, and combination of feeds. Don’t just buy hay or grass from reputable sources because your neighbor suggested so. For example, bean husks are as good as lucerne, taking into • Buy your dairy cows from farms that practice good breeding methods. • Some farmers have started adding urea in feeds, ostensibly to activate nitrogen in
the rumen, which in turn breaks down the fibre. You must never do this without instructions from a veterinarian. • Never buy a cow that’s already being milked. Instead, buy one that’s almost giving birth, or a heifer. This is because, milk production is hormonal, so if you buy one that’s already being milk, the cow is likely to slash output. • The best source of information on good practices is not the merchants of outputs but from fellow farmers who’ve been in the game long enough. • Contrary to popular perception, fresh green feeds, such as banana stalks are not ideal. This is because cows, being mammals, cannot digest chlorophyll, while the feeds are heavy in weight but low in nutritional intake. • Patience is key. The notion that you can buy a dozen high producing dairy cows and continue the dairy production trend almost instantaneously is impractical.
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
FOCUS ON Bangladesh
Where smallscale farmer is king Country’s dairy industry holds a successful model with lessons for other third world countries
O
ver the last two decades, farmers in Bangladesh have shown increased interest in rearing dairy cattle, with focus on production of milk. Many small scale and medium sized dairy farms have already been developed in the rural areas of Bangladesh, thanks to good infrastructure and growing markets. Small-scale milk production has not only improved food security in households but has also helped create numerous IGA opportunities throughout the dairy value chain. The 2007 National Livestock Development Policy projected 10 crucial points for livestock development; special emphasis was given on dairy development. The policy acknowledges that if small-scale milk producers are well organized, they can grow into high- tech dairy producers. The Bangladesh experience mirrors that of other developing countries in South Asia no-
tably, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The small scale farmers are widely dispersed, disorganized, produce low quantities and lack an assured year-round guaranteed price for their milk. They also grapple with inadequate infrastructure, inputs, services and above all lack of professional management skills. Milk Vita, the largest pioneering dairy cooperative venture in Bangladesh deals with 300,000 litres per day. It has a diversified set of dairy products, and its success from a rural home bed makes it a model in dairy progress for least developed countries.
If small-scale milk producers are well organized, they can grow into high- tech dairy producers
DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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The rate of milk production month-onmonth rages between 9.97% ( January) and 9.88% (December, Azad, M.A.K.,2001). September has the lowest rate at 6.46%, while February has the highest at 10.01%. Tropical Asian region, which Bangladesh is part of, is the largest milk producer in the world. Its integrated smallholder production system provides financial, health and social benefits to millions of rural dwellers (Falvey,L,;Chantalakhana’2001). In Bangladesh, the dairy industry is seen as a powerful instrument for rural prosperity. As is the case in other least developed countries, devising a viable dairy development strategy for the rural smallholder calls for detailed analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats posed by the external environment (Hemme,T.;Otte,J.’2010). In Bangladesh Milk Vita has successfully developed a cooperative milk marketing model beyond existing traditional and informal marketing systems.
Different NGOs and private entrepreneurs like Aurong, Pran,Aftab, Akij,Bikrampur, Ultra, Grameen CLDDP,Grameem-Danome,RD milk, and Amo milk have also developed their own marketing system that augments dairy-drive rural prosperity.
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Chr Hansen supports
camel cheese T
ransforming camel milk into cheese would significantly prolong the shelf life of the product, allowing periodic collection and transportation of camel cheese from rural areas to urban centres. The resulting development and growth of a camel dairy industry would also stimulate the national economy of countries having the major camel herds. Currently, most attempts to make cheese from camel milk have revealed major difficulties. Rennetting with bovine chymosin leads to slow curd formation and a weak coagulum. Chr Hansen extensive research at ETH Zurich led by Dr. Farah allowed the development of fermentation produced camel chymosin , obtained from the stomach of a young camel .
production
The secret ingredient Camel milk is low in fat, high in calcium, a rich source of protein and a potent source for delicious and durable cheese, and cheese is a means to preserve the nutritious milk. The secret ingredient that will enable the camel owners to effectively produce a delicious and shelf stable cheese is the patented enzyme solution from Chr Hansen called FAR-M® FAR-M® contains camel chymosin activity that makes it very effective as a milk clotting enzyme for bovine, camel and other milk coagulation. It provides good curd firmness and superior yield as compared to the cheese made with bovine chymosin.
DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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Chr Hansen A/S Chr Hansen is a global biotechnology company that provides natural ingredients to the food, dairy, human health and nutrition and animal health industries. The company is a leading supplier of food cultures, probiotics, enzymes, colors and functional blends which are applied in foods and beverages, dietary supplements and agricultural products.
FAR-M® can be used for all cheese production, including but not limited to camel milk based. FAR-M® contains a milk-clotting enzyme with an extremely high specific cleaving effect on kappa-casein (the highest among coagulants used in cheese production), resulting in a very good curd formation. The very low general proteolytic activity has also a significant influence on the flavor (less bitterness) and texture development (less break-down). Reaching out to African Market In 2012, Chr Hansen partnered with a Kenyan company – Oleleshwa Enterprises Ltd., have initiated a CSR project aiming to improve the living condition of small-scale camel owners
in rural areas of Kenya and Somalia. The project is focused on the development of basic knowledge about camel cheese production to enable camel owners to produce camel cheese for both sales and own consumption. The project aims to improve the livelihood of thousands of rural inhabitants in Northern and Eastern Africa and will help support Chr Hansen to establish more knowledge about industrial production of camel cheese.
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Bayer
DairyPost Africa • September 2013
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fresha dairy
Real firm success for all Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative Society sets the pace for other producers and processors with its Fresha dairy brands
O
ne cold morning in August, 1961, a group of small-scale dairy farmers met over a cup of tea at a restaurant in Githunguri town, the outskirts of Kenya’s capital, Nairobi. They were facing a common problem- lack of a reliable market for their milk. They reckoned that if they came together as a group, they would access bigger markets and at a better price. The result was Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative Society, now ubiqui-
tous in the dairy sector with its Fresha brand of milk products. It started with only 31 members but now boasts of over 22,000, with several notable achievements to boot. Fresha has the highest market share of pasteurized fresh milk in Kenya, while for five consecutive years, the Farmers Co-operative Society has been feted as the best in Kenya by the Ministry of Cooperatives. Last year, it was recognized as the “most promising company” at the Company
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DairyPost Africa • September 2013
Milestones
1961
1997
Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative established with 31 members
Factory is erected at current location in Githunguri town
1992
Annual general meeting resolves to start a processing plant. Each member is deducted KSh1 (US$0.01) for every litre of milk delivered, towards this venture
of the Year Awards, and has previously won the Marketing Society of Kenya’s warrior award. “The farmers can now look back and say, yes, by coming together, we have achieved our goals,” says John Kilonzo, the general manager. At the processing plant, it is a beehive of activity as the milk collected from the 73 milk collection centres is taken through several processes to produce yoghurt, ghee, Lala, cream, butter, and the extended shelf life variety. What is unique about this co-operative is that it has stayed true to its founding ideals- collect and market members produce and provide extension services-, while at the same time maintaining a healthy balance
sheet by responding to market needs. In the process, the co-operative has also created thousands of jobs throughout the dairy supply chain – from farm to table. “We support the farmers fully in terms of collecting, grading and marketing of the produce,” says Kilonzo. The co-operative has also fully integrated the input suppliers in the milk collection and payment chain, thus ensuring farmers get the inputs they need on demand. In fact, this input supply system (which is advanced on credit, with payment deductible on milk delivered) extends beyond the usual farm inputs such as feeds and Artificial Insemination. It also provides basic domestic consumables such as sugar and flour.
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2006
It is named “the most improved company of the year” during the Company of the Year Awards. This launches a string of other annual awards
2004
Plant is commissioned with a capacity of 40,000 litres
“This in a way empowers the woman in the family since has direct access to the basic commodities,” enthuses Betty Ngatia, the Finance Manager. Besides inputs, members also have access to development and emergency loans. The development loan is determined by the number of shares while the emergency one has a cap of KSh10,000 (US$118). Membership to this co-operative society is on an individual capacity, while the only requirements for entry are a milk-producing dairy cow, shares of at least KSh1,000 (US$12) and an entrance fee of KSh3,000 (US$35). Fresha has a processing capacity of 300,000 litres of milk per day, up from 40,000
2005
The co-operative surpasses the KSh1 billion (US$11 million) mark in annual turnover
when the first plant was commissioned nine years ago. Consequently, turnover has gone up. In the 2003/2004 financial year, turnover was KSh540 million (US$6,352,941). This has increased to KSh5.04 billion (US$59,294,117) as at financial year 2011/2012. Payment to the farmers has also multiplied correspondingly. In 2004, they received KSh326 million (US$3,835,294). Last year, payment was KSh2.36 billion (US$27,764,705). “We have one assurance to farmers, if you produce milk, we will buy it, regardless of quantity. And to the market we say, ‘this is unparalleled real farm freshness’,” says Ngatia. Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative Society’s real secret to success has been adapt-
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ing to challenges, backed by a strong internal governance structure. In fact, this has been its overriding philosophy since inception. When the dairy sector in Kenya was liberalized in the 1990s, the emerging challenge of lack of ready market for fresh milk prompted them to start the processing plant. Another emerging challenge – demand for fresh milk with extended shelf life- recently saw them introduce asceptically packed milk that requires no refrigeration. Fresha is the only other brand with this technology, besides Daima. “The Kenyan market is now ripe for products with an extended shelf life, as is the trend in developed countries,” says Kilonzo, adding that they are in the process of installing new equipment to ready themselves for the soon-to-be-rolled out government school milk project in the country.
“We have one assurance to farmers, if you produce milk, we will buy it, regardless of quantity. And to the market we say, this is unparalleled real farm freshness” Ngatia
Though Kenya is yet to roll out the qualitybased milk payment system, Fresha says its internal initiatives already have a structure in place that ensures quality. The processing plant is ISO 22000: 2005 Certified, while stringent milk collection procedures, stiff penalties for adulteration and mishandling of milk, and farmer education has enhanced quality of milk collected at the centres. Nevertheless, Githunguri Dairy Farmers Cooperative has to grapple with several challenges, notably poor roads (few roads in the milk catchment area are all-weather), exorbitant levies and double taxation (thus eating into farmers’ profits).
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Mueller – global milk cooling specialist For more than 60 years, Mueller has been a reliable, global partner for the milk producing industry. At this moment Mueller is exporting new and used milk cooling tanks to more than 50 countries all over the world. We are well known for our high quality raw milk cooling and storage solutions, technical assistance and service support. Mueller also offers safeguarding equipment to monitor the storage and cleaning conditions of the milk cooling tank.
Mueller milk cooling tank
The base of our product range is the Mueller milk cooling tank. This tank is easy to clean and made out of polished stainless steel for long-term durability. Maximum cooling power and low energy costs are created through an ozone-friendly insulated double-wall construction, automat-
ic control and cleaning systems and high efficiency evaporators. Additionally, plate coolers and heat recovery systems can be installed in the milk cooling system to optimize the system’s efficiency and to save on operational costs. We also produce milk cooling
tanks that are suitable for warm climates and daily milk collection.
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Milk Collection Points Emerging dairy countries are in the process of stimulating local raw milk production activities. In order to secure the raw milk supplied for the food processing industry, this raw milk should be centrally collected, cooled and stored under conditioned circumstances. In this case, Mueller sets up Milk Collection Points, in cooperation with (local) milk producers, co-operatives, dairy processors, government and NGOs. Installation and service are adapted to local situations and mainly handled by well trained local dealers or partner companies.
The collection points pay an important role in the transition period from small scale individual household farmer (< 5 cows) towards a commercial dairy family farmer (> 30 cows) equipped with its own milk cooling tank solution. Beer and process tanks Mueller has also made its mark in the beer sector, with (cellar) beer and process tanks, and the pharmaceutical and food industry, with process and storage tanks.
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school milk
Combating malnutrition in India through School milk program By MADHUSUDANA RAO
C
hildhood malnutrition is a prevalent problem in India. Up to 45% of all mortality cases in children under five years is as a result of malnutrition. Malnutrition also leads to growth retardation and impaired psychosocial and cognitive development. Of the children who manage to survive malnutrition in their early years, 165 million grow up stunted as a result. This means that their growth, learning ability, cognitive development, and future income and productivity is jeopardised – for the rest of their lives. And it also means that the development and human capital of entire countries is sabotaged.
growth and the development of significant policies. Stunting has serious long-term implications for health, psycho-social well-being and educational achievement.
One-third of children in Andhra Pradesh (home to 35 communities officially designated as Scheduled Tribes) are stunted despite falling poverty, considerable economic
A report titled “The Impact of Growth on Childhood Poverty in Andhra Pradesh,” by Young Lives also points out that despite higher enrolment, drop-out and school quality
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remain critical issues. A scheme in the name of Indiramma Amrutha Hastham, has been launched in 103 high risk integrated child development services with an outlay of Rs. 100 crore to reduce the incidence of low birth babies, malnutrition among children, reduce the incidence of infant and maternal mortality. An estimated 3.5 lakh pregnant and lactating women will be provided “one full meal” under the programme. Under this scheme, APDDCF,Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Cooperative Federation Limited, a leading cooperative of dairy farmers in India, which is representing the interest of about one million farmers, is striving to meet the demand for quality milk for millions of consumers across the state. The milk and milk products are marketed by APDDCF under the brand name VIJAYA. Keeping in view of the nutritional status of the children, as per the request of the APDDCF,Government of Andhra Pradesh has agreed to include milk as one of the item in
An estimated 3.5 lakh pregnant and lactating women will be provided “one full meal” under the programme the menu for the children in anganwadi centres. It was decided to supply 200 ml. Double Toned Milk with 1.5%fat and 9% Solids not Fat(SNF) to the children and lactating mothers under each institution. The scheme took off well and now Vijaya Milk is being made available in the highly risk ICDS projects in the districts of Andhra Pradesh. The tribal welfare department in khammam district has accorded permission to supply of vijaya milk in 6 layer tetrapack to all the 119 tribal institutions in the district. Further, the ICDS projects in a few districts such as Nalgonda,Khammam have opted for supply of Double Toned Vijaya milk in tetrapacks, to ensure quality milk to the children. Thus, on the whole, the children in Andhra Pradesh are getting pure processed milk which is resulting in improvement of the nutritional status, stamina and performance as well as making it as flagship initiative of Andhra Pradesh Government in general and of APDDCF in particular. *Madhusudana Rao, M.Sc. Dairy Technology, is the Deputy Director, Andhra Pradesh Dairy
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