Park
The
High Line James Corner Field Operations Diller + Scofidio ( + Renfro) Piet Oudolf
Costruzione Dismissione Creazione dell’ associazione senza fini di lucro “Friend of the High Line” Accettazione del progetto da parte di Bloomberg Concorso di progettazione Inaugurazione primo tratto 20th - 30th Inaugurazione secondo tratto
Dati
Storia
anni ‘30 1980 1999 2002 2004 2007 2011
2,4 km 9 - 26 mt 9 mt 22 153’000’000 $
lunghezza larghezza altezza del piano di calpestio strade attraversate costo totale
Praga 1.257.158
64
Bruxelles 145.000
28
Roma 2.770.822
23
Barcellona 1.615.908
19
Berlino 3.471.756
19
Londra 7.556.900
17
Vienna 1.714.142
13
Milano 1.334.077
11
Parigi 2.211.297
11
Parchi Pubblici mq/1ab “ Syntetic Arcadian Carpet” “ Taxidermic preservation of nature”
Parchi Pubblici dimensioni
4.20
Englisch Garten - Monaco
3.70
Stanley Park - Vancouver
3.44
Central Park - New York City
3.12
Tiergarten - Berlino
2.72
Hyde Park - Londra
2.52
Parco de Chapultepec Mexico City
0.72
Vondelpark - Amsterdam
0.60
Ueno Park - Tokyo
0.03
High Line - New York City
R.Koolhaas
New York 8.175.133
1,8
1
3
5 km
Scale e Composizioni
0
Verde Pubblico New York City area Aree non analizzate
Verde Pubblico Verde Privato The High Line 0
3
5
10
20 km
Strade
16 km
2
14,3 km2
21,1 km2
0
0.1
0.3
0.5
1 km
Epiphany
Slow vs Fast
“Access points are durational experiences designed to prolong the transition from the frenetic pace of city streets to the slow otherworldly landscape above. �
Hard
Soft
Agri Tecture Zone
%
(Encountered Friday, May 11th, 2001) Scott D. Appell, horticultural taxonomist The Horticultural Society of New York
Frame Work
Key: N = native (that is, endemic), species A = alien (that is, introduced), species
Preesistenze
Native and Alien Flora
1. N. Potentilla norvegica var. hirsuta – Rough Cinquefoil. Eurasia 2. N. Solidago sp. – Goldenrod. North America 3. N. Asclepias lanceolata (?) – Milkweed 4. N. Asclepias lanceolata (?) – Milkweed 5. N. Artemesia vulgaris – Mugwort. North America 6. A. Ailanthus altissima – Tree of Heaven. China 7. A. Verbascum thapsus - Giant Mullein. Eurasia 8. A Celastrus orbiculatus – Chinese Bittersweet 9. N. Prunus serotina - Chokecherry. North America 10. N. Oenothera biennis - Evening Primrose. Eastern North America 11. A. Daucus carota - Queen Anne’s Lace. Eurasia 12. A. Centaurea maculosa – Star Thistle. Europe 13. A. Sorbus ocuparia – Mountain Ash. Europe 14. A. Parthinocissus tricuspidata - Boston Creeper. Japan 15. N. P. quinquefolia - Virginia Creeper. Eastern North America. 16. N. Quercus sp (Red Oak Group) – Oak. North America 17. A. Medicago (hispida or orbicularis) Trefoil or Alfalfa. NE Europe 18. A. Linaria vulgaris – Butter and Eggs. Eurasia 19. A. Hiracium caespitosum - Giant Hawkweed. Europe 20. A. Lonicera japonica – Japanese Honeysuckle. Japan 21. A. Zelkova serrata – Japanese Zelkova. Japan 22. A. Rosa multiflora – Baby Rose. China 23. A. Pyrus sp. (possibly calleryana or communis) – Pear. Asia 24. N. Solidago sp. (unusual spontaneous variegation). E. North America 25. N. Asclepias syriaca – Common Milkweed. North America 26. A. Morus nigra – Black Mulberry. Asia 27. A. Malus spp. – Crab Apple. Asia 28. A. Paulownia tomentosa – Empress Tree. Asia 29. A. Malus spp. - Crab Apple. Asia
Thunder’ Scutellaria ovata Sedum ‘Matrona’ Sedum ‘Red Cauli’ Sedum ternatum ‘Larinem Park’ Silphium laciniatum Silphium terebinthinaceum Sisyrinchium angustifolium Solidago caesia Solidago ohioensis x Solidaster luteus ‘Lemore’ Stachys officinalis ‘Hummelo’ Tiarella cordifolia Tradescantia ohiensis ‘Mrs. Loewer’ Tricyrtis ‘Sinonome’ Trifolium rubens Vernonia glauca Veronicastrum virginicum GRASSES Andropogon gerardii Bouteloua curtipendula Bouteloua gracilis Calamagrostis brachytricha Carex eburnea Carex laxiculmis ‘Hobb’ Carex pensylvanica Chasmanthium latifolium Deschampsia flexuosa Eragrostis spectabilis Festuca mairei Hakonechloa macra Koeleria macrantha Molinia caerulea ‘Transparent’ Molinia caerulea Molinia caerulea ‘Moorflamme’ Molinia caerulea ‘Moorhexe’ Muhlenbergia capillaris Nasella tenuissima Panicum virgatum ‘Cheyenne Sky’ Panicum virgatum ‘Shenandoah’ Schizachyrium scoparium ‘The Blues’ Sesleria autumnalis Sporobolus heterolepis VINES Celastrus scandens Clematis ‘Gipsy Queen’ Clematis montana ‘Marjorie’ Clematis pitcheri Clematis tangutica ‘Bill MacKenzie’ Clematis tangutica ‘Helios’ Clematis x triternata ‘Rubromarginata’ Clematis viticella ‘Carmencita’ Lonicera sempervirens ‘Major Wheeler’ Schizophragma hydrangeoides ‘Moonlight’ Wisteria frutescens ‘Amethyst Falls’ WETLAND PLANTS Asclepias incarnata ssp. pulchra Baccharis halimifolia Chelone glabra Darmera peltata Equisetum hyemale Eriophorum angustifolium Hibiscus dasycalyx Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. palustris Iris sibirica ‘Steve’ Lysichiton americanus Mazus reptans Panicum amarum ‘Dewey Blue’ Rhexia virginica Spigelia marilandica Triadenum virginicum Typha laxmannii Typha minima Vaccinium macrocarpon BULBS Allium ‘Mount Everest’ Allium atropurpureum Allium carinatum ssp. pulchellum Allium christophii Allium moly ‘Jeanine’ Allium obliquum Allium oreophilum Allium siculum ssp.dioscoridis Allium sphaerocephalon Anemone blanda ‘Blue Shades’ Anemone x lipsiensis Anemone nemorosa Chionodoxa sardensis Crocus pulchellus Crocus ancyrensis ‘Golden Bunches’ Crocus sieberi ssp. sublimis ‘Tricolor’ Crocus tommassinianus Eranthus hyemalis Eremurus stenophyllus Erythronium dens-canis ‘Purple King’ Erythronium ‘Pagoda’ Muscari armeniacum ‘Valerie Finnis’ Narcissus ‘Hawera’ Narcissus ‘Jenny’ Narcissus ‘Sailboat’ Narcissus poeticus Ornithogalum nutans Puschkinia scilloides var. libanotica Scilla litardierei Scilla mischtschenkoana Scilla peruviana Tulipa ‘Lady Jane’ Tulipa humilis Tulipa humilis ‘Odalisque’ Tulipa bakeri ‘Lilac Wonder’ Tulipa linifolia ‘Red Hunter’ Tulipa sylvestris Tulipa turkestanica
Flessibilità
Progetto di piantumazione - Primo tratto High Line
TREES & SHRUBS Acer triflorum Amelanchier arborea Amelanchier laevis Amorpha fruticosa Aronia melanocarpa ‘Viking’ Betula populifolia Betula populifolia ‘Whitespire’ Calycanthus floridus ‘Michael Lindsey’ Cercis canadensis Cercis canadensis ‘Appalachian Red’ Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’ Chaenomeles x superba ‘Jet Trail’ Chionanthus virginicus Clerodendrum trichotomum Clethra barbinervis Cornus florida ‘Jean’s Appalachian Snow’ Cornus sanguinea ‘Midwinter Fire’ Cotinus ‘Grace’ Fothergilla gardenii Fothergilla x intermedia ‘Mount Airy’ Gaylussacia baccata Hamamelis x intermedia ‘Jelena’ Hamamelis x intermedia ‘Pallida’ Hamamelis x intermedia ‘Sunburst’ Hydrangea paniculata ‘Limelight’ Ilex verticillata ‘Red Sprite’ Ilex verticillata ‘Southern Gentleman’ Indigofera amblyantha Indigofera heterantha Lespedeza thunbergii ‘Gibraltar’ Lindera glauca var. salicifolia Malus floribunda Pinus sylvestris Pinus virginiana Prunus virginiana Ptelea trifoliata Quercus macrocarpa Rhus aromatica ‘Gro-low’ Rhus copallinum Rhus glabra Rhus typhina Rhus typhina ‘Laciniata’ Rosa ‘F.J. Grootendorst’ Rosa glauca PERENNIALS Achillea millefolium ‘Walter Funcke’ Agastache foeniculum Amorpha canescens Amsonia hubrichtii Amsonia tabernaemontana var. salicifolia Amsonia tabernae montanta ‘Anaphalis margaritacea Anemone cylindrica Aralia racemosa Aruncus ‘Horatio’ Asclepias purpurascens Asclepias tuberosa Aster laevis Aster amellus Aster oolentangiensis Aster shortii Aster tataricus ‘Jindai’ Aster umbellatus Astilbe chinensis ‘ Baptisia alba Calamintha nepeta ssp. nepeta Campanula glomerata ‘Caroline’ Corydalis solida Corydalis solida ‘George Baker’ Dalea purpurea Desmodium canadense Dianthus carthusianorum Dodecatheon meadia Echinacea pallida ‘Hula Dancer’ Echinacea purpurea ‘Jade’ Eupatorium maculatum ‘Purple Bush’ Euphorbia amygdaloides ssp. robbiae Euphorbia corollata Geranium maculatum Geranium psilostemon Geranium sanguineum ‘Max Frei’ Geum triflorum Helenium x ‘Coppelia’ Helenium x ‘Rubinzwerg’ Helenium x ‘Ruby Thuesday’ Heuchera americana ‘Dale’s Strain’ Heuchera villosa ‘Autumn Bride’ Heuchera villosa ‘Brownies’ Iris fulva Knautia macedonica ‘Mars Midget’ Liatris aspera Liatris pycnostachya Liatris spicata Lythrum alatum Monarda fistulosa ‘Claire Grace’ Nepeta sibirica Oenothera pilosella Oenothera speciosa Oxalis debilis var. corymbosa Papaver orientale ‘Mandarin’ Parthenium integrifolium Penstemon cobaea Persicaria amplexicaulis ‘Firetail’ Phlomis russelliana Phlox maculata ‘Miss Lingard’ Phlox pilosa ‘Lavender Cloud’ Phlox stolonifera ‘Blue Ridge’ Porteranthus stipulatus Porteranthus trifoliatus Pycnanthemum incanum Pycnanthemum muticum Rudbeckia subtomentosa Ruellia humilis Salvia azurea Salvia pratensis ‘Pink Delight’ Salvia pratensis ‘Rhapsody in Blue’ Sanguisorba canadensis Sanguisorba obtusa Sanguisorba obtusa ‘Alba’ Sanguisorba officinalis ‘Red
“You accept death. You don’t take the plants out, because they still look good. And brown is also a color.” Piet Oudolf
Unificazione Manifesto
a Land
Posizionare il parco nel tessuto urbano come entità in divenire ( inclusione di entità esterne non tipiamente legate al concetto di parco: Arte, Architettura, Agricoltura, Comunità, Quotidianità
Scape
Amplificazione
Bibliografia
Incubazione
Demolizione delle barriere Senso di un unico “Landscape” integrato
Diller + Scofidio ( + Renfro)
“Architetture in dissolvenza” Skira Ed. - Milano - 2007
Manifesto del Terzo Paesaggio Gilles Clement Quodlibet. - Macerata - 2011 Il Giardino in Movimento Gilles Clement Quodlibet. - Macerata - 2007 Topos n° 66/2009 Landscape Strategy - ppg. 16 - 21 n° 69/2009 Re-use - ppg. 16 - 24 n° 73/2010 City Regeneration - ppg. 98 - 106 Area n° 106 “Simplicity”
Incorporare le preesistenze
Lotus n° 139 “Landscape Infrastructure” WEB www.thehighline.org
http://sites.google.com/site/martindelguayo/internal-blog/revisitingdownsviewparktoronto
Arricchire e diversificare i possibili ecosistemi presenti o che potrebbero attecchire
Diversificazione
Loosening Ordinamento flessibile dei biotipi presenti
http://archfallout.blogspot.com/2008/12/field-operations-at-fresh-kills.html