Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Welcome to Mastercrop grass and roots seed brochure 2016. Quality grass and forage is at the heart of profitable and sustainable livestock farming. The need to maximise grassland utilisation and improve on-farm efficiencies will be vital to the profitability of dairy and beef enterprises. The Mastercrop name is synonymous with quality, choice and value for money and the 2016 range of grass seed mixtures certainly delivers on all these criteria. All Mastercrop products are backed by Glanbia’s extensive retail network and highly professional agronomic advisory service. Our Premium Grazing and Premium One Cut, Graze and Premium Silage mixtures will be to the fore with the best varieties available.
Contents Introduction 2 Contents 3 Reseeding 4-5 Cultivation Methods
6-8
Drainage 9 Soil Fertility Management
10-11
Pest Control
12-13
Weed Control
14-15
Premium Mixtures
16-17
Quality Mixture
18-19
Arable Crops
20
White Clover
21
Pastureade 22-23
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Recommended Lists 2016
24-25
Pasture Profit Index Overview
26-27
Pasture Profit Index 2016
28-29
Forage Crops
30
Swedes and Kale
31
Fodder Rape
32
Stubble Turnips
33
Forage and Fodder Crops Details
34
Glanbia Agribusiness Branches
35 Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Reseeding - An Overview Animal nutrition
Reseeding should be given strong consideration when any of the following features become evident in a sward: • High content of weed grasses e.g. scutch, bent grass. • Low ryegrass content. • High content of broad-leaved weeds e.g. chickweed, docks, thistles and buttercups. • Reduced milk yield or liveweight gain. • Poor re-growth following grazing or cutting. • Bare patches throughout sward. • Reduced silage DMD values.
Reseeding Checklist ✓ □ Identify paddocks for reseeding. (poorer performing paddocks; low perennial ryegrass content) □ Soil test and lime.
In general, swards cut twice annually for silage should be reseeded every 5 - 8 years. For grazed swards, the arguments for reseeding lie in the areas of an extended grazing season, improved re-growth and the continued improvement in yield and quality achieved by the breeding of new ryegrass varieties.
□ Sowing date.
Advantages of reseeding
□ Choose appropriate grass cultivars.
• Increased Sward productivity (+15-20% especially in the shoulder periods). • 8% higher milk output/ha relative to permanent pasture. • Use of newer grass varieties. • Reduced silage requirement. • Swards which respond better to applied. nitrogen, higher carrying capacity. • Improved grass qualities.
□ Method of reseeding. □ Spray off paddock. □ When cultivating - prepare a good seed bed.
□ Sowing rate. □ Roll. □ Slug and other pests. □ Control weed early. □ Graze at 2 leaf stage. □ Avoid poaching and over grazing.
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Cultivation Methods Whatever method of seedbed preparation is used, the ultimate aim must be to produce a fine firm seedbed. This will ensure: • Good contact between soil and seed. • Moisture is conserved in the soil. • A level field will result.
Ploughing
• Avoid ploughing too deep (>15 cm) as this can bury the top layer of soil (the most fertile soil). • Use land leveller until an even seedbed is generated. • Aim to develop a fine, firm and level seedbed. • If seedbed is cloddy and loose, grass seed (and especially clover seed) will be too deep and will not germinate.
Discing & One-pass
• Aim for 3 to 4 passes of the disc harrow in angled directions to break the sod and turn up enough soil to for a seedbed. • Forward speed must not be excessive as it can lead to rough, uneven seedbeds.
One-pass
• The slower the forward speed of the machine the better in terms of finish. • Often left rough and patchy due to operators moving too fast across fields.
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Drainage
Cultivation techniques Do’s
Do not’s
Shallow plough. Develop a fine, firm and level seedbed
Plough too deep (>15cm). Cloddy, loose seedbed
Graze tight, apply lime. 3-4 runs angled directions
Forward speed too fast rough, uneven seedbed
One-pass
Graze tight, apply lime. Slow forward speed at cultivation
Forward speed too fast rough, uneven seedbed
Direct drill
Graze tight, apply lime and slug pellets. Wait for moist ground conditions (slight cut in ground)
‘Trashy’ seedbed - no seed/soil contact. Use when ground is dry and hard
Ploughing Discing
No drainage work should be carried out before the drainage characteristics of the soil are established by a site and soil test pit investigation.
• Outfall level must not dictate the drainage system depth. If a free draining layer is present, it must be utilised. • Drain pipes should always be used for drains longer than 30 m. If these get blocked it is a drainage stone and not a drainage pipe issue.
• Two types of drainage system exist: a groundwater drainage system and a shallow drainage system. The design of the system depends entirely on the drainage characteristics of the soil.
• Drainage stone should not be filled to the top of the field trench except for very limited conditions (the bottom of an obvious hollow). Otherwise it is an extremely expensive way of collecting little water.
• Distinguishing between the two types of drainage systems essentially comes down to whether or not a permeable layer is present (at a workable depth) that will allow the flow of water with relative ease. If such a layer is evident, a piped drain system at that depth is likely to be effective. If no such layer is found during soil test pit investigations, it will be necessary to improve the drainage capacity of the soil. This involves a disruption technique such as moling, gravel moling or subsoiling in tandem with collector drains.
• Most of the stone being used for land drainage today is too big. Clean aggregate in the 10-40 mm (0.4 to 1.5 inch approx) grading band should be used. Generally you get what you pay for. • Subsoiling is not effective unless a shallow impermeable layer is being broken or field drains have been installed prior to the operation. Otherwise it will not have any long-term effect and may do more harm than good.
• Drains are not effective unless they are placed in a free draining soil layer or complimentary measures (mole drainage, subsoiling) are used to improve soil drainage capacity. If water is not moving through the soil in one or other of these two ways, the water table will not be lowered.
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• Most land drainage systems are poorly maintained. Open drains should be clean and as deep as possible and field drains feeding into them should be regularly rodded or jetted.
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Soil Fertility Management Guidelines
• Soil Test for P, K, pH before reseeding. • Aim to have soil test P & K in Index 3 for reseeding. • Start by using organic fertiliser as effective as possible, then top up with chemical fertiliser as required. Table below shows P & K requirement when reseeding at different index levels P & K rates requires for pasture establishment. Soil P Index
Range
Range kg/ha
1
0 - 3.0
60
2
3.1 - 5.0
40
3
6.1 - 10.0
30
4
Above 10.0
10
Soil K Index Range
Rate
1
110
0 - 50
2
51 - 100
75
3
101 - 150
50
4
Above 150
30
Conversation Nutrient Application Rate 1 kg/ha = 0.8 units/acre Organic Fertiliser 11t/ha = 1000 gallon/acre 2.5t/ha = 1t/acre Value of Slurry P & K Organic (kg/T) Pig
P
K
0.8
2.2
Soil Water
0.1
0.6
Cattle
0.6
4.3
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Pest Control Reseeded swards are particularly vulnerable to damage from pests during early establishment. Careful monitoring of swards is necessary with appropriate action taken where necessary.
3 Main Pests Slugs • Can be a problem in wet areas or wet years. • High levels of trash will increase risk of attack. • Using bait points will help indicate potential problems. • If damage is visible slug pellets should be applied. Leatherjackets • Can cause problems particularly in Spring sown swards following grass. • More active in wetter/heavier soils. • Seedlings are severed at ground level, dead plants are found on the soil surface. Frit Fly • Most common pest of reseeded swards in late Summer & Autumn. • Larvae from adult fly kills the growing point by burrowing into the grass shoot. • Turning the seeding plant yellow.
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Weed Control Herbicides for control of weeds in grassland Main Target Weed Product
Docks
Thistles
Ragwort Nettles
Docks,Thistles & Nettles
Seedling Weeds In New Ley (Clover-Safe)
Grassland Destruction
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PCS No.
Active Ingredient
Rate
Comment
Hiloadmicram
02336
600 g/l Mecoprop, 80 g/l Dicamba
1.25 l/ha
Treat actively growing docks before flower and buds appear. Kills clover. Min. 20 gallons water/acre. 5 litres will treat 10 acre.
Doxstar
04202
150 g/l Triclopyr, 150 g/l Fluroxypyr
2.0 l/ha
One application or split application with half rate in Spring and half rate in Autumn. Will kill clover. Must leave 28 days between spraying and cutting.
Eagle
00573
75 g/kg Amidosulfuron
40-60 g/ha
Clover safe. Controls both broadleaf and curled docks.
Barclay Hurler Croplink Reaper Starane 2
02905 04613 01807
200 g/l Fluroxypyr
1.5 l/ha
Medium term dock control, excellent on chickweed. Can be used on new leys. Will kill clover.
Prospect SX
02284
500 g/kg Thifensulfuron-methyl
15 g/ha
Apply from April to October, 7-10 days before cutting or grazing. Apply before docks have seeded. If docks have seeded, top and spray the regrowth. Will not kill curled dock, safe on clover.
Forefront T
03800
30 g/l Aminopyralid, 240 g/l Triclopyr
2.0 l/ha
Excellent long-term control of docks, nettles, thistles, buttercup, dandelion and ragwort. Will kill clover. Do not graze for at least 7 days after application.
Bandock
90135
85 g/l Dicamba, 65 g/l Triclopyr, 200 g/l 2,4 D
4 - 5 l/ha
Apply to actively growing docks before flower buds appear. Ideal application period is April to June.
M50 Mastercrop MCPA 50
04169 04222
500 g/l MCPA
4.0 l/ha
Treat before flower buds appear.
Thistlex
03831
200 g/l Triclopyr, 200 g/l Clopyralid
1.0 l/ha
Excellent knockdown of thistles; also effective on nettles. Will kill clover.
D50 Dioweed 50
04144 02719
500 g/l 2,4 D dimethylamine salt
2.8 - 3.3 l/ha
Treat ragwort at rosette stage before end of April. If weeds are gone to seed, top and spray the regrowth. Avoid extremes of temperature when spraying. Rushes should always be green when spraying.
Nettleban
90776
85 g/l Dicamba, 65 g/l Triclopyr, 200 g/l 2,4 D
3.0 l/ha
Good control of other weeds such as thistle, ragwort, rush, daisy and buttercup can be achieved when rate is increased to 5.0 l/ha.
Pastor
04236
50 g/l Clopyralid, 75 g/l Fluroxypyr, 100 g/l Triclopyr
2.0 - 4.0 l/ha
Lower rate on new leys or as a split application. Allow 4 weeks between application and mowing for optimum activity. Use whenever weeds are actively growing. Will kill clover.
Grazon 90
04261
60 g/l Clopyralid, 240 g/l Triclopyr
60 ml in 10 l knapsack
Very useful product for spot treatment only (with knapsack). Can graze pasture 7 days after treatment provided no ragwort present. Apply any time of year that weeds are actively growing.
Mastercrop Bandit
91836
12 g/l Dicamba, 169 g/l MCPA, 62.5 g/l Mecoprop-P
5.6 l/ha
Provides inexpensive control of broad range of weeds in grassland. Follow-up treatments may be required in subsequent years. Will kill clover.
Mastercrop Undersown
91839
240 g/l 2,4 DB, 40 g/l MCPA
7.0 l/ha
Controls seeding docks, fat hen.
Alistell
90047
240 g/l 2,4 DB, 30 g/l MCPA, 30 g/l Linuron
3.5 l/ha
Broad spectrum control of seedling weeds in new leys where chickweed is important. Grasses can be sprayed from the 2-leaf stage and clover from the one trifoliate leaf stage.
Roundup Gold Roundup Biactive Rosate 36
02624 02313 03616
360 g/l Glyphosate (plus wetters/surfactants depending on product)
6.0 l/ha
Translocation and overall effectiveness of product will be affected by growing condition. Grassland can be cut/grazed 5 days after application. Rainfastness varies with product - check label.
Roundup Flex
04593
480 g/l Glyphosate (plus wetters/surfactants)
4.8 l/ha
New formulation of glyphosate from Monsanto with improved rainfastness.
Roundup Gold
02623
450 g/lt
5 l/ha
New formulation of glyphosate from Monsanto with improved rainfastness
| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Premium Mixtures
The key points of the premium mixtures are:
Premium One Cut & Graze
Heading Date
Heading Date
These represent the elite products of the Mastercrop range, formulated with the intensive, top-class farmer in mind.
• Use AberGain (T), AstonEnergy (T) and Kintyre (T) with very high D values. • AberGain (T) with its exceptional Spring growth. • Focus on later heading varieties, in order to maximise digestibility of the sward through the Summer and Autumn growing period. • Judicious use of tetraploid varieties which have high yield, palatability and drought tolerance characteristics. • Combination of two leading Nitrogen tolerant clover varieties. • Only the leading varieties of grass and clover on Irish recommended list used, to promote maximum yields. • Clover coating to improve germination and establishment (Clover coating ratio of twothirds : one third ‘clover to coat’ is unique to Mastercrop mixtures).
Premium Grazing Sward
Premium Silage Sward 3.5 kg Carrig (T)
24th May
3 kg AberChoice
9th June
4.5 kg AberMagic
31st May
2.5 kg AstonEnergy (T)
2nd June
2 kg Dunluce (T)
30th May
3.5 kg Rosetta
24th May
3 kg AberGain (T)
5th June
3.5 kg Solas (T)
10th June
3 kg Drumbo
7th June
3 kg Glenroyal
5th June
11.5 kg
Key points:
• Leading conservation varieties. • Inclusion of Glenroyal assist in combating traditional problems of openness. • Clover available on request increasing options of weed control. • Narrow range of heading dates for optimum silage production.
9th June
Heading Date
3 kg AberChoice
0.5 kg Small & Medium Leafed Clover
0.5 kg Medium Leafed Clover Blend
12 kg
12 kg
Suitability:
Suitability:
Key points:
Key points:
Intensive, continuous grazing systems.
Grazing with one large silage cut in late May/early June.
• Inclusion of Drumbo and AberGain ensures maximum Spring growth. • AberChoice and Aston Energy with their high D values • 47% Tetraploid. • Combination of leading small and mediumleafed clovers on recommended list. • A highly palatable mixture.
• •
Judicious use of tetraploid varieties which have high yield, palatability and drought-tolerance characteristics. Also suitable for early grazing before closing up for silage.
Suitability:
Intensive two-cut silage systems.
40% difference in grass production between farms Quality is the most important trait
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1% DMD increase equates to a 5% improvement in animal performance
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Quality Mixtures
Mastercrop Extend
These are proven, tried and trusted mixtures which combine sound principles of mixture formulation with varieties which have performed consistently well in recommended list trials. They represent excellent performance at a reduced cost.
5th June
3 kg Alfonso (T)
4th June
2 kg AstonEnergy (T)
2nd June
3 kg Drumbo
7th June
0.5 kg Medium Leafed Clover Blend 11.5 kg
Hi Clover Sward Hi clover sward is the same as permanent pasture plus extra 1.5 kg of clover making it a 13 kg mixture with 2 kg of clover.
9 kg Late Perennial Ryegrass
3.25 kg Glenveagh
2nd June
2 kg Dwarf Prennial Ryegrass
3 kg AberGain (T)
5th June
3 kg AberChoice
9th June
2.5 kg Majestic
2nd June
2 kg Creeping Red Fescue
2 kg Dunluce (T)
30th May
2.5 kg Navan (T)
6th June
2 kg Smooth Stalked Meadowgrass
3.25 kg Clanrye
6th June
1 kg Timothy
Reseeding costs are returned in two years Key points:
• MASTERCROP EXTEND is for farmers who want to extend their grazing seasons and who want to maximise grass in the diet of dairy cows. • Produces very high digestibility grass (HID) which means cows eat more and convert to more milk and milk solids per KG of Dry Matter consumed.
Suitability:
Grazing with option of one silage cut in late May/early June.
Key points:
• Excellent total yield across grazing season. • Large leafed nitrogen-tolerant clover. • Outstanding flexibility to suit wide range of management systems.
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Heading Date
7th June
11.5 kg
Heading Date
| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Horse Pasture
3 kg Drumbo
0.5 kg AberHerald White Clover
Permanent Pasture (incl. Hi clover) 3 kg Glenveagh
Hill / Heavy Ground Mix
Heading Date
0.5 kg Small Leafed Clover Blend
16 kg
12 kg
Key points:
• Heavy ground or difficult sites. • Superb persistence and ground cover. • Excellent mid-Summer and Autumn grazing. • 100% late heading varieties.
Key points:
• Designed to produce a high quality grazing and if required, a very high quality hay cut in Summer. • Can be used to patch poached areas on the farm. • Extremely persistent, dense, and hard wearing. • Packed in 0.5 acre bags. • Herbs can be added on request.
60% variation on grass production within farms
Employing the Department of Agriculture’s Seed Certification Scheme which guarantees purity and germination
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Arable Crops
The crops can actually be harvested in a number of different ways:
We also cater for a number of forage crops and arable silage with either peas and barley or peas and oats.
1. As a whole crop. 2. As crimped grain. 3. Unripened grain for caustic soda treatment. 4. Moist grain for treatment with proprionic acid. 5. Combine harvested when dry.
White Clover • Including white clover in grass swards receiving up to 250 kg N/ha can increase total annual herbage production by 1.1 t DM/ha. • Sward white clover content varies across the year; it is lowest in Spring, increases to a peak in late Summer, and then begins to decline during Autumn. • Annual milk solids production can be increased by up to 12 kg milk solids/ cow when average annual sward white clover content is 23 per cent. • Frequent tight grazing (4 - 4.5 cm above ground level) of grass-clover swards will encourage clover persistence in grazed swards.
Herbage Production (kg DM/ha)
Grass only
Grass white clover
15,000 12,000 9,000 6,000 3,000 0 0
60
120
180
240
Fertiliser N application (kg N/ha/year) Figure 1: Average annual herbage production (kg DM/ha) on grass only and grass clover swards receiving 0, 60, 120, 180 or 240 kg N/ha.
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Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Pastureade
Energy content of grass (UFL)
The science of grass quality and animal performance. Pastureade is Glanbia’s Agribusiness grass management programme. Through Pastureade Glanbia sample four farms weekly across the grazing season. Grass samples are analysed for Dry matter (DM), Dry matter digestibility (DMD), Energy (UFL), Fibre (NDF + ADF), Crude Protein and protein digestibility (PDIN, PDIE). These results are enabling Glanbia to present nutritional solutions to issues that arise on farm based on the quality of grass at the time.
UFL is a net energy figure. Unlike ME all of the energy is available to the cow. The energy content of the grass is closely related to the DMD. The DMD is a direct consequence of the grass variety and grassland management on the farm. Mastercrop focuses on varieties which maintain high digestibility values through the crucial Summer growth period such as AberMagic, AberAvon, Drumbo, AberChoice, Kintyre (T), Aston Energy (T), Dunlace (T) and AberGain (T). Grassland management to preserved grass quality relies on presenting the cow low daily herbage allowances and thus forcing the cow to graze paddocks out tightly. Cows should be offered pre-grazing covers of 1500kgDM/Ha (approx 10cm). To maintain quality across
Figure 1: Pastureade Results
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
the season it is vital that these are grazed out to 4cm. If this isn’t being achieved by the cow then paddocks should be topped to 4cm. Even with good grassland management the energy content of grass will drop slightly from the start of the second rotation. Figure 1 shows the average UFL content of grass on to Pastureade farms in 2012 between the 19th April and the 12th of July. Production and fertility performance of dairy cows is driven by the quality of grass on your farm. Of equal importance is your cows’ ability to ingest sufficient quantities of that grass. Grass dry matter will vary considerably across the grazing season. During times of extended wet weather steps should be taken to guarantee high dry matter intakes.
Intake is King Low energy intake leads to low milk proteins, excessive body condition score loss and poor fertility performance. Low energy intake can be from:
- -
Intake of low energy feeds. Not common if grassland management is good. Low intake of high energy feeds. Very common in grazing scenarios.
It is also important the keep an eye on crude protein and DM4 levels in grass. Crude protein is a function fertiliser application and growth condition. Excessive crude protein can lead to high milk urea nitrogen (MUN) levels. These can impact directly on fertility performance. DM4 is a measure of the degraded dry matter within 4 hours of ingestion. As grass quality improves fibre levels decrease and fibre digestibility increases. This can lead to sub acute ruminal acidosis (SARA). SARA has been linked with low butterfat percentage, increased lameness and low DMI. To follow weekly Pastureade results log onto www.gainfeeds.com. For any nutritional information please contact your local GAIN feeds business manager.
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Ground Cover (1-9)
Spring Growth
Summer Growth
Autumn Growth
1st Cut Silage
2nd Cut Silage
*DMD%
*WSC%
*WSC%
*DMD%
2.1
4.5
3.9
82.9
21.4
2nd Cut Silage
7.0
1st Cut Silage
1.1
Autumn Growth
6.5
Summer Growth
10.2
Spring Growth
Control Mean (t DM/ha)
Ground Cover (1-9)
Control Mean (t DM/ha)
General Purpose (2-Cut Silage)
Simulated Grazing Total Rel. Yield SG
Heading Date
Variety Name
Recommended Intermediate Diploid & Tetraploid Perennial Ryegrass Varieties 2016
General Purpose (2-Cut Silage)
Simulated Grazing Total Rel. Yield SG
Variety Name
The Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine Irish Recommended List of Grasses 2016
Heading Date
Recommended Late Diploid & Tetraploid Perennial Ryegrass Varieties 2016
Recommended Lists 2016
10.7
6.2
1.3
7.1
2.3
4.7
3.9
83.3
21.8
Stefani
2nd June
(98)
(7.0)
(98)
98
(97)
101
98
99.5
94
Kerry
1st June
103
6.4
106
103
104
95
107
99.6
106
Glenveagh
2nd June
101
7.5
102
101
99
100
99
99.2
95
Majestic
2nd June
(102)
(7.3)
(108)
100
(105)
97
96
98.9
94
Solomon
21st May
97
6.8
106
97
92
104
94
98.4
90
Piccadilly
3rd June
(99)
(7.2)
(101)
99
(96)
107
94
98.7
90
Boyne
22nd May
97
6.8
99
97
93
110
100
97.6
90
Tyrella
4th June
96
6.7
109
94
94
100
91
99.7
101
Rosetta
24th May
99
6.8
116
96
97
103
90
99.1
93
Glenroyal
5th June
103
7.3
103
103
104
95
106
99.7
98
Nifty
27th May
105
6.8
110
105
103
104
92
99.3
100
Clanrye
6th June
(102)
(7.6)
(106)
(103)
(95)
96
112
99.3
93
Drumbo
7th June
100
6.7
101
99
101
91
102
100.9
107
AberMagic
31st May
105
6.6
96
105
109
97
100
100.7
112
AberChoice
9th June
105
6.5
100
106
106
93
111
101.6
119
AstonEnergy (T)
2nd June
101
5.7
91
101
104
102
98
102.0
114
Magician (T)
22nd May
97
5.9
99
98
94
105
98
99.5
92
Delphin (T)
2nd June
101
5.5
97
103
99
105
102
100.3
100
Carraig (T)
24th May
98
6.3
95
100
93
107
96
99.1
93
Alfonso (T)
4th June
101
6.3
94
102
103
100
95
101.4
111
Seagoe (T)
28th May
(99)
(6.2)
(90)
(102)
(95)
109
100
100.1
98
AberGain (T)
5th June
105
6.1
108
104
104
105
106
102.0
115
Dunluce (T)
30th May
100
5.8
89
102
101
95
112
100.6
102
Aspect (T)
6th June
(102)
(6.7)
(101)
(103)
(98)
(96)
(107)
101.2
105
Navan (T)
6th June
102
6.2
93
102
108
95
108
100.7
105
Kintyre (T)
7th June
103
6.4
102
101
111
96
110
100.9
106
Twymax (T)
7th June
(99)
(6.1)
(81)
(104)
(94)
98
110
100.8
103
AberPlentiful (T)
9th June
108
6.1
111
107
107
97
110
100.9
104
Solas (T)
10th June
(106)
(6.4)
(106)
(104)
(113)
94
114
101.1
104
Xenon (T)
11th June
102
6.8
99
102
102
92
118
101.1
108
*DMD and WSC controls data is shown as g/100g on this Table and have been taken from both the GP and SG Trials. (T) Denotes Tetraploid
No variety has all the traits 24
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Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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What is the Pasture Profit Index?
How are economic values determined?
The economic value of each trait is determined using the Moorepark Dairy Systems Model. The economic value of a unit change in each trait is outlined below.
The Pasture Profit Index (PPI) is a selection tool for perennial ryegrass varieties, developed by Teagasc, which places economic values on the traits of importance for a grass-based ruminant production system. The purpose of the Pasture Profit Index is to help the grassland industry and farmers identify the most appropriate perennial ryegrass varieties for their farm. The PPI comprises of six sub-indices outlined opposite.
The economic merit of a variety for each trait is calculated by determining the difference between the performance of each variety and a base value for each trait. This difference is then multiplied by the economic value of the trait. The sum of the individual trait is then calculated to determine the total economic merit of a cultivar (€ per ha per year). The performance values included in the Pasture Profit Index are based on data collected from the DAFM grass variety evaluation trials.
(€ per ha/year)
• Mid-season DM yield • Autumn DM yield • Quality (across the months of April to July) • 1st and 2nd cut silage DM yield • Persistency
production then greater emphasis would be placed on the performance of that variety within the silage sub-index and persistency. From 2015 onwards, the Pasture Profit Index will be published annually by Teagasc and the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM) in conjunction with the Irish Recommended List for Grass varieties.
Using the Pasture Profit Index When using the PPI to select grass varieties, using the subindices presents the opportunity to select varieties for specific purposes. For example, if selecting a variety for intensive grazing, the emphasis would be placed on seasonal DM yield and quality with less importance on the silage performance. If selecting a variety specifically for silage
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Pasture Profit Index
• Spring DM yield
| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
DM production
Quality
Silage
Persistency
(per kg DM/ha)
(per unit decrease in DMD)
(per kg DM/ha)
(per year reduction in persistency)
Spring €0.16
April €0.001
1st Cut €0.04
€67.20
Mid-season €0.04
May €0.008
2nd Cut €0.03
Autumn €0.11
June €0.010 July €0.009
The Pasture Profit Index (PPI) helps the grassland industry & farmers identify the most appropriate perennial ryegrass varieties for their farm.
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Pasture Profit Index 2016 Variety Details Group
Inter Diploid
Inter Tetraploid
Late Diploid
Late Tetraploid
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Pasture Profit Index Dry Matter Production
Variety
Heading Date
Spring
Summer
Autumn
AberMagic
31st May
47
50
Rosetta
24th May
92
25
Solomon
21st May
69
Boyne
22nd May
Nifty
Sub - Indices (€ per ha per year) Quality
Silage
Persistency
63
36
14
0
33
2
16
0
29
22
-23
21
54
29
24
-39
27th May
77
50
49
Dunluce
30th May
32
42
Seagoe
28th May
33
41
Magician
22nd May
53
Carraig
24th May
AberChoice Drumbo
Total PPI €/ha/year
Ground Cover from RL (1-9) Grazing
Silage
210
6.6
6.8
168
6.5
6.7
0
118
6.8
6.7
39
0
107
6.9
6.9
-6
20
0
190
6.8
6.7
43
39
23
-5
174
5.9
6.1
29
20
37
0
160
6.2
6.0
30
26
7
26
-5
137
5.9
6.1
46
37
23
-11
30
0
125
6.3
6.7
9th June
23
47
36
64
8
-5
173
6.5
6.6
7th June
26
30
24
44
-5
-11
108
6.7
6.7
Glenroyal
5th June
29
40
31
2
7
0
109
7.5
7.2
Majestic
2nd June
39
32
33
-16
-1
0
87
7.3
7.2
Glenveagh
2nd June
27
35
20
-10
8
0
80
7.5
7.4
Stefani
2nd June
21
27
16
-2
8
0
70
7.0
7.0
Piccadilly
3rd June
26
31
12
-23
15
0
61
7.2
7.1
Tyrella
4th June
40
18
8
3
-1
-5
63
6.7
6.7
Clanrye
6th June
34
42
10
-10
15
0
91
7.6
7.1
Kerry
1st June
34
40
32
0
7
0
113
6.4
6.4
AberGain
5th June
38
44
32
65
25
-5
199
6.1
6.2
AberPlentiful
9th June
44
51
38
30
14
0
177
6.1
6.3
Solas
10th June
34
45
51
31
14
0
175
6.4
6.4
Kintyre
7th June
28
35
47
33
13
0
156
6.4
6.1
AstonEnergy
2nd June
7
37
31
61
11
0
147
5.7
5.6
Xenon
11th June
22
39
26
46
14
0
147
6.8
6.8
Alfonso
4th June
13
38
27
51
4
0
133
6.3
6.2
Aspect
6th June
25
41
17
37
9
0
129
6.7
6.7
Navan
6th June
10
39
40
26
9
0
124
6.2
6.2
Delphin
2nd June
17
40
19
16
20
0
112
5.5
5.9
Twymax
7th June
-13
44
7
35
16
0
89
6.1
6.4
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Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Forage Crops The drive to cut production costs is creating a large interest in growing fodder crops. So much so that they are already starting to play a significant role alongside grass in low input, low cost livestock farming. With forward planning fodder crops can also significantly extend the growing season when grass is finished growing. Each farm and livestock enterprise has individual requirements. However, there are always three fundamental questions to ask before deciding on the most cost-effective type and variety of fodder crop for your livestock production system. 1.) When do you want to use the crop? With versatile, Winter hardy varieties available, fodder crops can be utilised by stock from June right through to April. If extra fodder is needed in the Summer, early sown kale and grazing turnips can be ready to feed in June
and are very useful for plugging a mid or late Summer grazing deficit. There are plenty of options to choose from if fresh fodder is required through the Winter months. 2.) When does the land for growing fodder crops become vacant? Crop rotation, soil type and local conditions will dictate when fodder crops can be sown. Most farmers can now sow fodder crops from as early as February through to September. Catch crops of stubble turnips or kale can be sown early and utilised by stock mid to late Summer before the land is returned to grass or arable production. 3.) How many animals will a fodder crop feed? Fodder crops are suitable for high yielding dairy cows, beef cattle, ewes and lambs. The number of stock your brassica crop will feed depends on the type of crop sown, the dry matter yield and the stock utilisation rate.
Swedes
Kale
Very adaptable crop for both grazing and storage. Grown on their own, modern varieties can also offer the option of being lifted for culinary use as well as livestock fodder. The pH of the soil should preferably be around 6.5. Swedes are quite tolerant of acid soils but below a pH of 5.4 growth is increasingly restricted. At pH 7.0 and above boron becomes less available. Allow a minimum break of 4-5 years between all brassicas. To minimize the build up of pests and particularly diseases a rotation of 7-8 years between swede crops is desirable. Average yields of packed out swedes would be about 35 tonnes per ha. The weight of an individual swede is around a kilo.
A very adaptable crop providing useful forage. Can be ensiled as kaleage or zero and strip grazed. A fine, firm seedbed (like grass) and moisture is essential for rapid emergence as kale has small seeds. All brassicas will yield poorly where compaction has occurred. Placing some fertiliser at sowing may aide establishment. Ploughing and powered cultivation is the surest method of establishment but in well structured soils, direct drilling will also be successful. With direct drilling, it is essential to achieve a good weed kill with glyphosate pre-cultivation. Kale may be precision drilled at 3 kg/ha or direct drilled at 4 kg/ha or broadcast usually with the fertiliser at 5-6 kg/ha.
Animals/ha for 100 days (70% of diet)
DM (kg/ha)
DM (%)
ME (M.I/kg)
Cows
Youngstock
Swedes
9-14,000
10-12
12-14
15
Kale
11-12,000
12-15
10-13
19
Stubble Turnips
6,500
9-12
10-13
Grazing Turnips
4,000 (regrowth 2,000)
10-14
Hybrid Brassica
7-9,000
Forage Rape
4-5,000
Ewe
Finishing Lambs
14
83
65
18
107
84
11
10
63
49
10-13
9
8
49
38
12-14
10-13
11
10
63
49
11-13
10-13
7
6
30
30
Assumptions: Cow liveweight 500 kg (adjust upwards for dairy cows); youngstock liveweight gains 0.75 kg/day; 55 kg ewes on maintenance feeding; lamb liveweight gains 200g/day.
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Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Fodder Rape
Stubble Turnips
A popular forage crop with many livestock farmers due to its ease of production, the flexibility of its sowing date and its palatability at feeding time. It is capable of producing a large bulk of fodder in a short period. Fodder Rape is an ideal pioneer crop in the reclamation of hill and marginal land.
Economic and fast to grow, an excellent catch crop which can produce nutritious, highly palatable feed in just 12-14 weeks after sowing. The crop can be sown in Spring for feeding in late Summer or sown in July or August for feeding in October to February. They are not very Winter hardy and losses will occur in frosty weather. Seeding rate depends on sowing conditions and method of sowing. Fine and firm seedbed required similar to grass reseeding. Broadcast at 8 kg/ha (3 kg/acre). Direct drill at 5kg/ha (2 kg/acre).
Rape is extremely useful as a feed fattening lambs and lactating ewes and very good performance can be achieved with good grazing conditions. It is also widely used to supplement cattle and cows but care is needed as there is a much greater risk of digestive disorders than with sheep. These problems can be prevented by taking the following precautions: 1. Introduce the Rape gradually. 2. Restrict intakes. 3. Always feed hay or silage as a roughage source. 4. Supplement with phosphorus and Iodine. 5. Ensure all diets are properly balanced.
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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Forage and Fodder Crops Details
Glanbia Agribusiness Branches Branch
Crop
Fodder Beet
Swedes
Kale
Fodder Rape
Stubble Turnips
Sowing Date
Late March Early April
May - Early June
May - June
June August
June -August
Seeding Rate Per Acre
40,000 50,000 Seed
50,000 Pelleted Seeds
2.5 kg Broadcast, 2 kg direct drill
3-4 kg
1.5 kg Drilled 2.5-3.5 kg Broadcast
Fertilisation Per Acre
10 x 50 kg of Beet Compound
7 x 50 kg of 6.10.18 + B
4.5 x 50 kg 10.10.20 + 2 x 50 kg CAN
4.5 x 50 kg 18.6.12
4 - 5 x 50 kg 18.16.12
Time Of Utilisation
Nov - Feb
Nov - Mar
Sept - Dec
Sept - Dec
Sept - Dec Nov - Dec
Fresh Yield Per Acre
33-40 (Roots) 18 (Tops)
25-30
20-30
14-16
15-25
% Dm Yield (Tonnes/Ac)
16 (Root) 11 (Tops)
11
15
12
14-15 (Bulb) 9-10 (Leaf)
Cr Protein As % Of Dm
6.5-7 (Roots) 17 (To Silage) (Crop Silage)
11
14
19
20-24
Nett Energy Ufl/Kg Dm
1.12 (Roots) 0.87 (Tops)
1.21
1.03
0.85
1.10 (Top and Root)
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0404 - 40105 046 - 9432552 057 - 8734013 058 - 47102 053 - 9427103 056 - 7768603 or 7768868 056 - 8833107 059 - 8623105 051 - 424514 056 - 7727104 or 7727244 053 - 9377122 051 - 388102 058 - 54308 051 - 640002 056 - 4400834 025 - 36337 052 - 6129620 053 - 9244136 056 - 4442112 052 - 6138002 0505 - 46315 058 - 44444 or 42078 051 - 293178 056 - 8834104 052 - 6131108 056 - 8832100 or 8832454 051 - 383124 051 - 880102 021 - 4880106 or 4880307 059 - 9775155 059 - 9131639 or 9143677 059 - 9724200 or 9724205 0402 - 21734 056 - 7728233 046 - 9024204 052 - 9156205 056 - 7769102 or 7769127 051 - 384106 053 - 9130133 045 - 525337 or 525608 057 - 8624268 044 - 9342299 051 - 421274 or 421654 051 - 643260 or 643303 057 - 8731104 045 - 902732 0404 - 46105 057 - 8731169 053 - 9134154 058 - 56322 086 - 0232025 057 - 9341310 or 9351666 051 - 648203 057 - 8622311 053 - 9244204 056 - 7772200
*CountryLife Store Locations
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| Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016
Mastercrop Grass and Roots Seed Brochure 2016 |
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10890
Glanbia Agribusiness, Purcellsinch Industrial Estate, Kilkenny, R95 E70V. LoCall 1890 321 321 Email: agricsc@glanbia.ie www.glanbiaconnect.com