St. George's College
Subject:8th BIOLOGY
Class: Cellular Respiration - Metabolism
Date: August 10th
2009
Teacher's notes
Objectives
Vocabulary
Link and Learn
Prepared by
In‐Class Survey
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8th Milton A ‐ Cellular Respiration and Metabolism Name
Oral Intervention
Sergio María Fernanda Alejandra Almendra Anna Paula Sandra E‐C Maia María Belén Alfredo Kinley Arianne Sandra M. Fiorella Rodrigo Giulia Jaime Stefano Bruno
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8th Milton Alpha ‐ Cellular Respiration and Metabolism Name
Oral Intervention
Marcelo Antonella Paulo Alejandro Brenda Diego Gabriel Valeria Cristina Giuliana Joshua María Gracia Gonzalo N. Paolo Gonzalo R. Giorgio Nicolás María Claudia
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Let's remember previous learned concepts...
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GLYCOLYSIS • The primary fuel for cellular respiration is glucose, which is formed when carbohydrates are broken down, such as: starch and sucrose. • If carbohydrates are scarce to meet an organism's energy needs, other molecules, such as fats, can be broken down to make ATP. • In fact, fat releases more energy than carbohydrates do. • Glycolysis has 3 steps: Breaking down Glucose, NADH Production and Pyruvate Production.
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New knowledge beginning... • The total of all chemical reactions carried out by an organism, is called metabolism. • The chemical reactions that use energy to build METABOLISM molecules are called anabolic reactions, or Anabolism. • Reactions that harvest energy when chemical bonds are broken down are called catabolic reactions, or Catabolism.
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CELLULAR RESPIRATION
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REVIEW
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FERMENTATION • Many prokaryotes live entirely on the energy released in glycolysis. • Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules and one molecule of the electron carrier NADH, which must be able to transfer its electrons to an acceptor so that NAD+ is continuously available. • Under anaerobic conditions, the electron transport chain does not work. • Organisms must have another way to recycle NAD+. • The process in which carbohydrates are broken down in the absence of oxygen, called fermentation, recycles the NAD+ that is needed to continue making ATP through glycolysis.
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Lactic Acid Fermentation (LAF) • The end products of glycolysis are 3 carbon pyruvate molecules, which is converted to lactic acid. • LAF occurs in the muscles of animals, including humans. • During vigorous exercise, muscle cells must operate without enough oxygen. • So, glycolysis becomes the only source of ATP as long as the glucose supply lasts.
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Alcoholic Fermentation (AF) • In other organisms, an enzyme removes carbon dioxide from the 3‐carbon pyruvate to form a 2‐carbon molecule. • Then, a second enzyme adds electrons and hydrogen from NADPH to the molecule to form ethanol. • In this process, NAD+ is recycled and glycolysis can continue to produce ATP.
http://bit.ly/ZSfq9 16
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DECOMPOSITION
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ASSIGNMENT
NOTEBOOK 1. Complement the Class by finding out and writing in your notebook, the definitions, properties and examples of the following substances: • • • •
Cofactors Enzymes Ribozymes Vitamins
2. Deadline: • Group A: Tuesday, August 18th. • Group Alpha: Wednesday, August 19th. 3. Criteria of Evaluation: • (5 p) Compliance with the Deadline • (5 p) Quality of Information • (5 p) Organization‐Presentation • (5 p) Optional: Make a Web Diagram having METABOLISM as the central idea. 21
Resources Used Slide (Group)
Description
Resource
Origin
G1 ‐ 2
Image
Milton
http://bit.ly/XQqEw
G1 ‐ 3
Image
Milton
http://bit.ly/XQqEw
G1 ‐ 4 Animation Idea G1 ‐ 5
Images
Mitochondrion Chloroplast Metabolism
G1 ‐ 6 Animation Glycolysis G1 ‐ 7
Animation Cellular Respiration
Notebook Gallery Unknown
Unknown Unknown
G1 ‐ 9 Animation Glycolysis
www.johnkyrk.com
G1 ‐ 10 Animation Pointing hand
Notebook Gallery
G1 ‐ 11 Images
Cellular Respiration
Unknown
G1 ‐ 12 Image
Review Tables
http://bit.ly/3LFUY0
G1 ‐ 13 Animation Fermentation products
http://bit.ly/qTZR6
G1 ‐ 15 Image
Lactic Acid Fermentation
http://bit.ly/g7iIc
G1 ‐ 16 Image
Alcoholic Fermentation
http://bit.ly/ZSfq9
G1 ‐ 17 Animation Metabolic Pathways
http://bit.ly/15KOX2
G1 ‐ 18 Video
Fermentation
http://bit.ly/OKWvV
G1 ‐ 19 Video
Rabbit decomposition (time lapse) http://bit.ly/121a9b
G1 ‐ 20 Image
Metabolic Pathways
http://bit.ly/t2ZzS
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Teacher's Notes This class has been designed to cover the topics of Cellular Respiration and Metabolism from Monday August 17th till Friday August 21st. For further knowledge about this topic: 1. Conduct a thorough search under the topic: Cellular Respiration and Metabolism on the Web, books and magazines. 2. If findings are not specific, ask your teacher for suggestions.
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Objectives • Understand and describe the steps in the cellular respiration process. • Understand and describe the process of Fermentation. • Understand a general overview of metabolism of biomolecules.
Note: All, or most, of the objectives will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those objectives not covered or concluded.
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• • • • • • • • •
Vocabulary Glucose: Glycolysis: Fermentation: Decomposition: Metabolism: Anabolism: Catabolism: Cofactor: Vitamins:
Note: Most of the vocabulary words will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those words not covered or concluded.
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Link and Learn You can visit the following websites to improve your understanding on the present topic: • • • • •
http://bit.ly/E1Jun http://bit.ly/3bRoBg http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com http://learningandscience.blogspot.com http://libraryatstgeorge.blogspot.com
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Prepared by
Gerardo LAZARO Science Lead Teacher Email: glazaro@sanjorge.edu.pe Wiki: http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com Blog: http://learningandscience.blogspot.com Twitter: http://twitter.com/glazaro
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SURVEY If you want to contribute in improving your Chemistry class, click in the survey link:
Term III ‐ 8th A ‐ Class 1 Term III ‐ 8th Alpha ‐ Class 1
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Cellular Respiration and Metabolism
Grade: Subject: Date:
8th Grade A Biology 10August2009
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What was your UNDERSTANDING from the class "Cellular Respiration and Metabolism"?
1
A
My effort level was 25%
B
My effort level was 50%
C
My effort level was 75%
D
My effort level was 100%
E
I didn't understand the class.
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2
What was your level of EFFORT to understand the topic?
A
My effort level was 25%
B
My effort level was 50%
C
My effort level was 75%
D
My effort level was 100%
E
I didn't put any effort
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3
What RESOURCES helped you understand the topic? A
Text
B
Images
C
Animations
D
Videos
E
Teacher's Speech
F
None
G
Other
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4
How does the SMART Board help you understand the topic?
A
It helps me visualize concepts
B
It helps understand difficult concepts
C
Touching things helps me learn
D
Interacting with the information makes it easier to understand
E
I prefer less effects or audiovisual resources
F
It doesn't really help much
G
I don't like it
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Cellular Respiration and Metabolism
Grade: Subject: Date:
8th Grade Alpha Biology 10August2009
36
What was your UNDERSTANDING of the class "Cellular Respiration and Metabolism"?
1
A
My effort level was 25%
B
My effort level was 50%
C
My effort level was 75%
D
My effort level was 100%
E
I didn't understand the class.
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2
What was your level of EFFORT to understand the topic?
A
My effort level was 25%
B
My effort level was 50%
C
My effort level was 75%
D
My effort level was 100%
E
I didn't put any effort
38
3
What RESOURCES helped you understand the topic? A
Text
B
Images
C
Animations
D
Videos
E
Teacher's Speech
F
None
G
Other
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4
How does the SMART Board help you understand the topic?
A
It helps me visualize concepts
B
It helps understand difficult concepts
C
Touching things helps me learn
D
Interacting with the information makes it easier to understand
E
I prefer less effects or audiovisual resources
F
It doesn't really help much
G
I don't like it
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