St. George's College
Subject: 7th CHEMISTRY
Class: Elements, Mixtures and Solutions
Teacher's notes
Objectives
Vocabulary Link and Learn
Date: August 31st
Prepared by
In‐Class Survey
2009 1
7th Beethoven ‐ New Materials Name
Name
Reward
Ariana
Luis
Gabriel
Andrea
Andrea
Sebastián
Abraham
Ivanna
Giacomo
Camila
Fabiana
Carlos
Sinead
Aarón
Liliam
Paola
Francesca
Enrique
Rodrigo C.
Alessandra
Andres
Irma
Stefano
Sophia
Jean Pierre
Naomi
Diego
Kiara
Rodrigo H.
Christopher
Reward
2
7th Mozart ‐ New Materials Name
Reward
Name
Nicole
Roberto M.
Luis
Giancarlo
Luciana
Fiorella
Antonella
Gabriela
Valeria Ch.
Steffano
Valeria C.
Javier
Sylvana
Roberto R.
Analucía
Diego
Camila
Luis Fernando
Franco
Sebastián
Ramiro
Julio
Sara
Sherley
Alicia
César
José Luis
Vilma
Sergio
Alessandra V.
Reward
3
Let's remember previous learned concepts...
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Matter
• Two principal ways of classifying matter are according to its physical state (gas, liquid, solid) and according to its composition (as an element, compound, or mixture).
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Pure Substances • A pure substance is matter that has distinct properties and a composition that doesn't change from sample to sample. • All substances are either elements or compounds. • Elements cannot be decomposed into simpler substances. • Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements.
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Molecules of an Element Atoms of an Element
Mixtures of Elements and a Compound Molecules of a Compound
Match the sentences to its corresponding picture
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Elements • There are 118 known elements (natural and artificial). • However, only five elements account for over 90% of the Earth's crust: oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron and calcium. • In contrast, just three elements account for over 90% of the mass of the human body: oxygen, carbon and hydrogen.
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9
New knowledge beginning......
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Compounds • Most elements can interact with other elements to form compounds. • Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements.
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Mixtures
• A Mixture contains more than one substance. • Each substance in a mixture retains its own chemical identity and properties. • Most of the matter we encounter consists of mixtures of different substances. • Whereas pure substances have fixed compositions, the compositions of mixtures can vary. • Some mixtures, do not have the same composition, properties, and appearance throughout the mixture. • Such mixtures are heterogeneous (For example: such as sand, rocks, and wood). • Mixtures that are uniform throughout are called homogeneous. A rearrangement of substances to Combinations
form a new whole. 12
Solution
Solution Mixture Combination Combination
Non窶信ixture
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Properties of Matter • Every substance has a unique set of properties, or characteristics that allow us to recognize and distinguish one substance from another. • Properties can be: physical or chemical. • Physical properties can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance. For example: Color, odor, density, melting point, boiling point, hardness, etc. • Chemical properties describe the way a substance may change or react to form other substances. For example: Flammability.
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Types of Mixtures • A Solution is a special kind of mixture, where mixing occurs at the molecular level. • Thus, all solutions are mixtures, but not all mixtures are solutions. • Mixtures can be made from any number of components, and these components can come from any of the three states of matter: solid (S), liquid (L), or gas (G). • So, if we just consider binary (two‐component) mixtures, then we can have mixtures of six types: S/S, S/L, S/G, L/L, L/G, G/G. • Moreover, these combinations could (at least in principle) be either physical mixtures or solutions.
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Place the substances shown in its corresponding category.
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Liquid/Solid Mixtures Physical Mixtures • Mud: mixture of water and dirt. Does dirt dissolve in water? • Skim Milk: mostly water, with very small particles ("micelles") of protein (casein). Casein scatters light, therefore the white color. When milk is coagulated, casein forms cuddles. • Latex paint: typically 70% water, 30% polymer. This polymer scatters light, so gives it a white color. Latex paint is formulated to avoid coagulation.
Solutions • Kool‐Aid: A mixture of water (liquid), sugar (solid), and flavor (crystals or powder). Typically clear (see‐through) although colored. • Seawater: a mixture of water (liquid) and a variety of solid minerals (sodium chloride, etc). Seawater is also clear, making it a typical solution.
Suspensions • A solid substance suspended, and not dissolved in water, but small enough not to be seen forms a Suspension.
Recommended: Find out about: emulsion, gel.
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ASSIGNMENT
NOTEBOOK 1. Complement the Class by finding out and writing in your notebook, the definitions, properties and examples of the following types of mixtures: • Liquid / Liquid Mixtures • Liquid / Gas Mixtures • Solid / Solid Mixtures 2. Deadline: • Beethoven: Friday, September 4th. • Mozart: Friday, September 4th. 3. Criteria of Evaluation: • (5 p) Compliance with the Deadline • (5 p) Quality of Information • (5 p) Organization‐Presentation • (5 p) Optional: Make a Web Diagram having MATTER as the central idea.
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Resources Used Slide (Group)
Description
Resource
Origin
G1 ‐ 2
Image
Milton
http://bit.ly/XQqEw
G1 ‐ 3
Image
Milton
http://bit.ly/XQqEw
G1 ‐ 4 Animation Idea G1 ‐ 5
Images
G1 ‐ 7 Images G1 ‐ 9
Image
Notebook Gallery
States of Matter Solutions
http://bit.ly/NLDJ5 http://bit.ly/3XskQK
Elements, Molecules
http://bit.ly/NLDJ5
Periodic Table
http://bit.ly/k7foR
G1 ‐ 10 Animation Check this out
Notebook Gallery
G1 ‐ 11 Image
Molecules, Compounds
http://bit.ly/NaJm2
G1 ‐ 13 Images
Mixtures Nuts Lemonade
http://bit.ly/ivINE http://bit.ly/rsVRv http://bit.ly/4acyHs
G1 ‐ 15 Image
Properties of Matter
http://bit.ly/Nbm0R
G1 ‐ 17 Animation Elements, Mixtures, Compounds http://bit.ly/QhUr0 G1 ‐ 15 G1 ‐ 15
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Teacher's Notes This class has been designed to cover the topics of Elements, Mixtures and Combinations from Monday August 31st till Friday September 4th. For further knowledge about this topic: 1. Conduct a thorough search under the topic: Elements, Mixtures and Combinations on the Web, books and magazines. 2. If findings are not specific, ask your teacher for suggestions.
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Objectives • Identify and distinguish between elements, mixtures and compounds.
Note: All, or most, of the objectives will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those objectives not covered or concluded.
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Vocabulary • • • • • • •
Element: Mixture: Solution: Suspension: Combination: Emulsion: Gel:
Note: Most of the vocabulary words will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those words not covered or concluded.
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Link and Learn You can visit the following websites to improve your understanding on the present topic: • • • • • • •
http://bit.ly/17E1ZK http://www.webelements.com/ http://www.chem1.com/acad/webtext/atoms/atpt‐6.html#SIZE http://www.dayah.com/periodic/ http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com http://learningandscience.blogspot.com http://libraryatstgeorge.blogspot.com
BACK 24
Prepared by
Gerardo LAZARO Science Lead Teacher Email: glazaro@sanjorge.edu.pe Wiki: http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com Blog: http://learningandscience.blogspot.com Twitter: http://twitter.com/glazaro
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SURVEY If you want to contribute in improving your Chemistry class, click in the survey link:
Term III ‐ 7th Beethoven ‐ Class 3 Term III ‐ 7th Mozart ‐ Class 3
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Term III Class 3 Grade: Subject: Date:
7th Beethoven Chemistry 4Sep09
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What was your UNDERSTANDING of the topic: "Elements, Mixtures and Solutions"
1
A
I understood 25% of the whole topic
B
I understood 50% of the whole topic
C
I understood 75% of the whole topic
D
I understood 100% of the whole topic
E
I didn't understand the class
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2
What was your level of EFFORT to understand the topic?
A
My effort level was 25%
B
My effort level was 50%
C
My effort level was 75%
D
My effort level was 100%
E
I didn't put any effort
29
3
What RESOURCES helped you understand the topic? A
Text
B
Images
C
Animations
D
Videos
E
Teacher's Speech
F
None
G
Other
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4
How does the SMART Board help you understand the topic?
A
It helps me visualize concepts
B
It helps understand difficult concepts
C
Touching things helps me learn
D
Interacting with the information makes it easier to understand
E
I prefer less effects or audiovisual resources
F
It doesn't really help much
G
I don't like it
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Term III Class 3 Grade: Subject: Date:
7th Mozart Chemistry 4Sep09
32
What was your UNDERSTANDING of the topic: "Elements, Mixtures and Solutions"?
1
A
I understood 25% of the whole topic
B
I understood 50% of the whole topic
C
I understood 75% of the whole topic
D
I understood 100% of the whole topic
E
I didn't understand the class
33
2
What was your level of EFFORT to understand the topic?
A
My effort level was 25%
B
My effort level was 50%
C
My effort level was 75%
D
My effort level was 100%
E
I didn't put any effort
34
3
What RESOURCES helped you understand the topic? A
Text
B
Images
C
Animations
D
Videos
E
Teacher's Speech
F
None
G
Other
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4
How does the SMART Board help you understand the topic?
A
It helps me visualize concepts
B
It helps understand difficult concepts
C
Touching things helps me learn
D
Interacting with the information makes it easier to understand
E
I prefer less effects or audiovisual resources
F
It doesn't really help much
G
I don't like it
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