6th Sicence - FUNGI by Gerardo LAZARO

SCIENCE Class: Characteristics

of Living Organisms: FUNGI

Date: April 6th

Teacher's notes

Objectives

Vocabulary

Link and Learn

Prepared by

2009 1

6th DaVinci ‐ FUNGI Name

Oral Intervention

Coin

Chocolate

Carlos A. Joaquín Victoria Mariana Christopher José Santiago Joshua Héctor Gabriela Alexandra Humberto Giosué Ariana Alessio Martín Maylin Carlos R. Isabel Sthefanny Ana Caroline Karen Erick Bryan Angie Sandra Arturo Maria Fernanda Daniel Paola

6th Rembrandt ‐ FUNGI Name

Oral Intervention

Coin

Chocolate

Mariano Miguel Melanie Alejandro Adriana Fabrizio Felipe Sol Edinson Valeria J. Daniela Eduardo José F. Kimberly Alexandra Enzo Valeria P. Henry Gonzalo Sebastian Mariano Alondra Bruno Camila Jimena Rodrigo María Laura Diana Jesus

Kingdom FUNGI

Characteristics of FUNGI • Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs with rigid cell walls and no chlorophyll, which means they don’t do Photosynthesis. • They are so different to other organisms that they are classified into its own kingdom. • They come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors.

Bird’s Nest Fungus

Straight Coral Fungus

Wild Fungus

Witch’s Hat Fungus

Food for Fungi • Fungi are heterotroph, but they can’t catch or surround food, so they have to live near their food source. • Most fungi are consumers, getting their nutrients by secreting digestive juices onto the food source and then absorbing the dissolved food. • Many fungi are decomposers, feeding on dead plant or animal matter. • Other fungi are parasites, some of them living in mutualism with other organisms. Example Mycorrhiza (fungi at the roots of plants getting nutrients from it but also protecting the plant from diseasecausing organisms). 7

Mycorrhiza

FUNGI ANATOMY • Some fungi are unicellular, but most fungi are multicellular. • These multicellular fungi are made up of chains of cells called hyphae, or threadlike fungal fibers. These fibers are made of cells with openings in their cell walls to allow cytoplasm to move freely between the cells. • Most of the hyphae grow together to form a twisted mass called the mycelium, which is the major part of the fungus, however it is hidden from view underneath the ground.

Parts of Fungi

REPRODUCTION • It can be sexual (hyphae and sexual spores) or asexual (through asexual spores). Sexual Reproduction: Sexual Spores (Basidiomycota)

Asexual Reproduction: Asexual Spores (Zygomycota)

KINDS OF FUNGI • Fungi are classified based on their shape and the way that they reproduce. • There are four main groups: Threadlike, Sac, Club, and Imperfect fungi.

Zygomicota (Threadlike fungi) Shapeless fuzzy fungus: Mold

Ascomycete (Sac fungi) • Largest group of fungi (yeasts, powdery mildews, truffles, and morels), mostly useful for humans. • They reproduce sexually forming a spore‐producing sac called ascus. Morels

Truffles

Powdery Mildews

Budding Yeast 14

Basidiomycete (Club fungi) • Umbrella‐shaped mushrooms are the most known. • Hyphae structures grow to reproduce sexually (basidia) forming spores. Gill Mushroom

Amanita muscaria

Imperfect fungi • This group includes all the species of fungi that do not fit in the other groups. • Most are parasites that cause diseases in plant and animals (athlete’s foot), aflatoxin‐producing fungi. • However, some imperfect fungi are useful, Penicillium,produces an antibiotic; others produce cheese, soy sauce, and citric acid. Epidermophyton floccosum

Aflatoxin‐producing fungi

Penicillium notatum

LICHENS • A Lichen is a combination of a fungus and an alga that grow together (mutualism). • The alga lives inside the protective walls of the fungus. The merging of the two organisms is so complete that scientists give lichens their own scientific names. • Unlike fungi, lichens are producers, the alga produces food through photosynthesis, and alga keep from drying thanks to the fungus. • Lichens are found in almost every type of land environment.

British soldier lichen

Wolf lichen

Christmas lichen

Rock lichen

Resources Used Slide (Group)

Resource

Origin

Description

G1 ‐ 2 Image

Da Vinci

http://bit.ly/N0Btd

G1 ‐ 3 Image

Rembrandt

http://bit.ly/X5hOY

G1 ‐ 4 Image

Fungi

http://bit.ly/4EqFiS

G1 ‐ 6 Image

Fungi Collage

Unknown

G1 ‐ 7 Images

Types of Fungi

Unknown

G1 ‐ 9 Image

Mycorrhiza

http://bit.ly/iHnJ

G1 ‐ 11 Image

Fungi Anatomy

http://bit.ly/z2rWM

G1 ‐ 12 Image

Sexual Reproduction 1,2 Asexual reproduction

http://bit.ly/wIaui http://bit.ly/BcVn

G1 ‐ 14 Images

Zygomycotas

http://bit.ly/TZguc http://bit.ly/3zP3cC Unknown http://bit.ly/2tF8I

G1 ‐ 15 Images

Ascomycetes 1 Morels Truffles Powdery mildews Budding yeast

http://bit.ly/1KkQG2 http://bit.ly/o0qjj http://bit.ly/4CKsxS http://bit.ly/vpzlo http://bit.ly/Xewl

G1 ‐ 16 Images

Gill Mushroom Amanita muscaria Mushroom growth

http://bit.ly/gYXjB http://bit.ly/16EK5w http://bit.ly/lURzL

G1 ‐ 17 Images

Epidermophyton floccosum Aflatoxin‐producing fungi Penicillium notatum Penicillin

http://bit.ly/cMrKd http://bit.ly/sCl http://bit.ly/3uFRa0 http://bit.ly/18yXc4

G1 ‐ 18 Images

British soldier lichen Wolf lichen Christmas lichen Rock lichen

http://bit.ly/hr3qH http://bit.ly/HiKdL http://bit.ly/OFsbZ http://bit.ly/yp9uW

Teacher's Notes This class has been designed to cover the topic of FUNGI from Monday April 6th till Wednesday April 8th. For further knowledge about this topic: 1. Conduct a thorough search under the topic: FUNGI on the Web, books and magazines. 2. If findings are not specific, ask your teacher for suggestions.

BACK 20

Objectives • Identify and describe the basic characteristics of the Kingdom FUNGI. • Evaluate, compare and contrast the characteristics of Fungi with other living organisms.

Note: All, or most, of the objectives will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those objectives not covered or concluded.

Vocabulary • • • • • • •

Cell Wall: Sac Fungi: Mycelium: Hetrotroph: Mutualism: Lichen: Spore:

Note: Most of the vocabulary words will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those words not covered or concluded.

Link and Learn You can visit the following websites to improve your understanding on the present topic: • • • • •

www.tolweb.org/tree/ http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com http://learningandscience.blogspot.com http://linkandlearn.wikispaces.com http://libraryatstgeorge.blogspot.com

Prepared by

Gerardo LAZARO Science Lead Teacher Email: glazaro@sanjorge.edu.pe Wiki: http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com Blog: http://learningandscience.blogspot.com Twitter: http://twitter.com/glazaro

Attachments

6th Science Reading 1 for Class 3 Meteorites may have sparked life on Earth.docx