GLOBAL ENERGY LANDSCAPES
Evolutionary process of infrastructures in new territories. The Patagonia case
G LO BA L E N E R GY L A N D S CA P ES Evolutionary process of infrastructures in new territories. The Patagonia case year | 2016 team | Stefano Romagnoli - TomĂĄs Pont - Juan Cruz Serafini type | Undergraduate work - Final Thesis tutor | Arch. Javier Giorgis program | Energy Infrastructure + Landscape architecture location | Rio Gallegos, Argentina 2
The ability of our environment to provide space, food and energy is limited, and although we depend on these limited resources for our survival, we continue to increase our population and consumption patterns as if they were inexhaustible. During history human civilizations have appropriated the resources of the environment, modifying and inhabiting the landscape, making it the means to subsist. In this way the landscape becomes the operative platform of systems and networks that allow human existence, just as it happens with the infrastructures that give life to our cities. Climate change is direclty linked with energy consumption and its infrastructures. Using the power of the ocean to generate electricity is the opportunity to propose new studies and infrastructural designs. ÂżHow are these new infrastructures that intend to somehow continue to provide resources to these ever larger cities, in a sustainable way, how do they interact with the territory, as they are assimilated to this natural platform? We propose, then, to transcend the appropriation of the current infrastructural typologies to develop a proposal that uses the LANDSCAPE AS OPERATIVE LAND, using the city of Rio Gallegos and its natural environment as a study sector.
RENOVABLE
NO RENOVABLE
5
DEFORESTATIONS Consequences
65%
millones de dólares es lo que se gastó en importación de energía en 2013
POTENCIA TOTAL INSTALADA
22 mature trees
Main causes Térmica
Importación
Nuclear
Greenhouse effect
Intensive farming and livestock
10% Wood años de importación energética permitiran generar inversiones para cubrir el 20% del total de la demanda proyectada al 2035. 5% Mining
World Map Deforestations
15%
Es el incremento de energía que se prevee en la Subsistence Argentina dentro de 20 años 20% agriculture
13.000.000 ha
Gas Natural
Eólica
Hidroeléctrica
Solar
Carbón
Hidroeléctrica
Nuclear
Biomasa
Petróleo
Otras
Deforested per year
BRASIL 30.6 Mha
10.000
Actual Tropical
Copies per year
DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA PARAGUAY PROYECTADA
CUENCAS DE ENERGÍA Actual BOLIVIA 25% Boreal 2.8 Mha PRODUCCIÓN-IMPORTACIÓN Original Less
absorption Exportaciones
Hidráulica
Boreal Importaciónes
INDONESIA 15.5 Mha
MALASIA 4.7 Mha
Original Tropical
2.4 Mha
Imp. y export.
Rio Gallego’s estuary
PAÚA NUEVA GUINEA 0.6 Mha
Energías renovables
Energías NO renovables
capacity
CATTLE RAISING 18%
BEEF
CHINA
Greenhouse effect
Avian meet
MÉXICO
PORK
75%
BEEF
CANADÁ
ARGENTINA USA
Litros Liters de of water agua por per kcal
BRAZIL
AUSTRALIA
World Map Change of temperature
Of water is to produce food
INGLATERRA EEUU
ESPAÑA CHINA
30%
EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA Hotter than To sustain normal livestock FUENTES SEGÚN Much hotter than normal 35% RENOVABLES Record higher Of emissions in Argentina
Consumo per cápita
PRINCIPALES ZONAS DE INDIA MAREAS DEL MUNDO BRASIL 19.50 m
18.00 m
temperature Projection of 20% Emissions
Energía Solar
Sup. necesaria
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Otras NO renovables
Natural gas Nuclear es el porcentaje del planeta ocupado por Coal Océanos, correspondiente a 361.000.000 de kilómetros cuadrados. Argentina posee Petroleum una superficie de 990.000 kilómetros cuadrados, Biomass aproximádamente 1/3 de su superficie continental Uranium Solar Geothermal
potencia estimada factible de instalar en el estuario de Global according to Rio energy Gallegos sources
Generación anual por año estimada
Biomass incremento de potencia instalada Hydroelectric en Argentina Eolic
1 lt oil produces the same en50 unpeople solo proyecto energy as in 24 hours
55% Greenhouse effect
32% Used in transport
15.00m 14.00m
Main areas 35% affected by sea Energía Eólica level rise
12.50m
Sup. necesaria
61% Energía Mareas Sup. necesaria Shanghai
134%
Manila
Increased in 10 years in China
Mumbai
potencial eólicoRising en sea levels 0.3% RenewableArgentina 38 meters / 120 feet energy in Argentina Nueva Orleans PROJECT FLOOD veces la capacidad EEUU EXPENDITURE actual instalada en 65 b todas las fuentes
Chennai Jakarta
Lagos
país más visitado de Latinoamérica
turistas recorren la Patagonia todos los años
Kolkata Ho Chi Minh Guayaquil del PBI de la Argentina INDIA VIETNAM ECUADOR corresponde al turismo
80 b
85 b
90 b
NY Mumbai Guangzhou turistas Canal EEUU visitan el INDIA CHINA de Panamá por año
120 b
132 b
268 b
Miami EEUU
278 b
Patagonia 3
Undergraduate Work - Final thesis MODEL with Crystal Resin
ENVIRONMENT
AEREAL VIEW - Tidal Power Station in activity
4
WATER PRODUCTION
ENERGY
TOURISM
Global Energy Landscapes
CONTINENTAL LINK contact
14 13 12
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Strategically, the proposal takes place in the Argentinian Sea, 500 meters offshore and parallel to the most importante tourist coast of Punta Loyola. 10
To access the breakwater, a bridge that connects the continent with the open sea is proposed. It is now the transition between the continent and the water infrastructure. Interestingly, the bridge is situated by the most recognized route in Argentina, Route Nยบ40. With minimum dimensions, this vehicular and pedestrian pathway represents the acces to the breakwater system.
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LOCATION
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H AC
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GO TA PA
AXONOMETRY
ST
01 - Route Nยบ40 02- Parking 03- Monument 04- Tourist`s Center 05- Gastronomy 06- Shelter area 07- Pathway 08- Sightseeing spot 09- Sluice gates 10- Sitting area 11- Checkpoint 12- Meeting esplanade 13- Cove 14- Monument
CONSTRUCTIVE DETAIL
SECTION
PLAN
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Undergraduate Work - Final thesis COMPONENTS FROM THE PARK SYSTEM & PATAGONIAN RESOURCES This mega scale project was designes as 12 km linear park, with only one link to the continent, for environmental coast purposes. We proposed 6 different components along the park, which are directly articulated to landscape patagonian resources. This elements are the nexus between the user and the Patagonia. They are distributed throughout the lagoon, according to specific objectives / visuals / phenomenological feelings.
Low tide
High tide
#01 BIRDWATCHING
Main pathway with Tidal Power Station in activity
6
Ocean
#02 DYNAMIC POOL
Sandbanks
#03 SHELTER
Sky
#04 ECOLOGICAL CONNECTOR
Step
Fauna
#05 VIEWPOINT
History
#01 DOUBLE PATHWAY
Global Energy Landscapes
#02 DYNAMIC POOL
01
ephemeral
02
In relation to the sea, it is able to perceive two fronts; one fully open almost infinite swells more intense and high due to winds that travel with greater freedom, full of energy and movement and other more calm towards the interior of the lagoon. In constant symbiosis with the resource of the tide, the pool appears and disappears due to the gravitational attraction between the Earth and the Moon, and between the Earth and the 03 Sun. 04
SECTION A
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LOCATION
R
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A RE
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REFERENCES
ON
GO LA
AXONOMETRY
01 - High tide 02- Sculptures 03- Principal pathway 04- Pool access 05- Pool 06- Sandbank 07- Low tide
CONSTRUCTIVE DETAIL
7
Undergraduate Work - Final thesis
#04 ECOLOGICAL CONNECTOR symbiosis 01
In order to not interrupt the diverse maritime ecosystem order and allow a free connection between the inside lagoon and the outside ocean, we propose to reconfigure the breakwater limit at certain points for animals to cross.
02 03 04 05
SECTION
LOCATION
A
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REFERENCES
ON
AXONOMETRY
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GO LA
01 - Low tide 02- Bridge 03- Principal pathway 04- Connector access 05- Connector 06- High tide
CONSTRUCTIVE DETAIL
Global Energy Landscapes
#06 DOUBLE PATHWAY interlaced landscape We propose this pathway as a closer narrower travel to the ocean, where people can feel the inmensity of this liquid territory. The landscape can be appreciated at different levels, sometimes near the low tide or high tide, which is the most interesting local resource. In this specific case, visitors can appreciate two different but linked activities: Eolic energy and Aquaculture. 02
01
03
SECTION
A
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LOCATION 06
R
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A RE
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REFERENCES
ON
GO LA
AXONOMETRY
01 - Low tide 02- Higher pathway 03- Lower pathway 04- High tide
CONSTRUCTIVE DETAIL
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TomĂĄs Esteban Pont Apostolo
StĂŠfano Romagnoli
Juan Cruz Serafini
Architect
Architect
Architect
arq.tomaspont@gmail.com + 54 351 2 203878
sromagnoli@gsd.harvard.edu + 1 857 756 0198
serafinijuancruz@hotmail.com + 54 351 3 114055