Pushing Forward: Ending Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in Ukraine

KIRSTEN GRONLUND, UN WOMEN

Hrystyna Kit is a Ukrainian women’s rights advocate, jurist, and attorney. She is also the co-founder of the Ukrainian Women Lawyers Association JurFem, which focuses on increasing gender sensitivity within the legal community and Ukrainian legislation as well as improving survivors’ access to justice.

As Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues into its 14th month, she’s pushing forward against a rising tide of gender-based violence.

LASTING IMPACTS

As the Russian invasion erodes the security of Ukrainians across the country, the risk to women and girls is twofold. “There’s no doubt that no one feels safe because of Russia’s war against Ukraine,” Hrystyna says. “And women and girls have become even less protected from genderbased violence.”

Cases of conflict-related sexual violence, in particular, are on the rise: “Rape—usually gang rape— sexual torture, forced nudity […] and other forms of abuse have been documented by journalists, human rights organizations and law enforcement agencies.”

The true scale of this violence is not yet known, Hrystyna says. But what’s clear is that its impacts will be lasting: “We will have to work with the consequences of [conflict-related sexual violence] for many years to come.”

At the same time, women are still contending with the endemic violence of their own society. “Cases of domestic or sexual violence against women,

in particular in public places, haven’t disappeared,” Hrystyna notes. “People who were abusive and violent within the family […] continue to commit acts of violence.”

The ongoing conflict has made progress that much harder, Hrystyna emphasizes: “It’s difficult to move forward in the fight against violence against women when you live in a state of war and fight for your life and the lives of your children every day.”

BRIDGING THE GAPS

Starting her law career in 2007, Hrystyna saw a critical gap in legal assistance for survivors of domestic violence. “There were not many lawyers willing to work with such cases, because these are often latent crimes,” she says.

Domestic violence is typically considered a private matter, and the legal system tends to shift responsibility for handling such cases onto the victims themselves. Hrystyna set out to change this. “I want myself, as well as other women and girls in Ukraine, to feel safe and to know that if their rights are violated, they [will] receive effective protection, without prejudice, discrimination or stigma,” she says.

In 2017, she took a major step towards this goal with the founding of JurFem. The organization’s recent work has been shaped by the unfolding crisis: collaborating with partners to ensure conflict-related sexual violence survivors receive protection and support from law enforcement and service providers. They’ve also been providing legal assistance directly to survivors, launching a legal aid hotline in April.

“It is possible to change our approach to investigating cases related to sexual violence only through experience and practice,” Hrystyna says. Even the strongest legal protections can’t convince police or judges to believe a survivor. But by communicating with law enforcement agencies and the courts, “[JurFem lawyers] can break existing stereotypes and ensure access to justice for the victims.”

Though her own advocacy work relies on her legal training and decades of experience, Hrystyna emphasizes that you don’t need special skills or knowledge to get involved in a cause: “Each and every one of us should work to change something for the better.”

What activism does require, she says, is community and care: “Unite, enlist the support of like-minded people and forces,” she advises. “Take care of your safety and mental health and do what you feel is right […] take care of yourself in order to be able to take care of others.”

NEVER AGAIN

“Today, it’s especially hard to imagine a world without gender-based violence,” Hrystyna says. “After all, if we weren’t able to prevent this war, would we be able to eradicate gender-based violence?”

She does believe that we can reduce its prevalence by creating better response mechanisms and bringing perpetrators to justice. And she believes in a better future for Ukrainian women and girls: “Justice must be restored,” she says. “So this never happens again.”