Mo#vators and Barriers to Doctoral Educa#on for Underrepresented Popula#ons in Nursing Georgia Nursing Leadership Coali3on
Purpose
• To learn about mo3va3ons and barriers to doctoral educa3on in nursing for nurses from underrepresented popula3ons
Background & Methods The IOM Future of Nursing report (2010) calls for increasing the number of nurses with doctorates and increasing the diversity of the nursing workforce, yet there is liGle research about underrepresented popula3ons in nursing and their perspec3ves of doctoral educa3on. This informa3on will help recruit and retain more diverse doctoral students to advance nursing in Georgia. Methods • Inclusion criteria: nurses from underrepresented popula3ons: nurses from non-white races/ethnici3es and/or males • Online survey, developed by the GNLC Doctoral CommiGee with assistance from experts at the Robert Wood Johnson Founda3on • Survey distributed through professional organiza3ons, GNLC members, and the GNLC website • Data collec3on: summer 2015 • Data analysis: descrip3ve sta3s3cs with Excel® and content analysis
Were you encouraged by your nursing FACULTY to pursue further educa#on in nursing? 66.7% 58.9%
non-white male
Were you encouraged by your CLASSMATES to pursue further educa#on in nursing?
52.1% 50.0%
16.4% 16.7% 4.1%
Yes
Some
No Yes
Did this encourage you to consider further educa3on in nursing?
male
90.0%
nonwhite
15.1% 16.7% 1.4% 4.2%
67.2%
Yes
50.7% 54.1%
20.8% 15.1%
0.0%
I don't remember
non-white male 30.1% 29.1%
31.5% 25.0%
20.5% 16.7%
non-white male
Were you ever mentored by someone of your gender/ethnicity (in either an academic or clinical seLng)?
Some
No
Yes
Some
No
0.0%
I don't remember
I don't remember
Yes
Yes
Did this encourage you to male consider further educa3on in non-white nursing?
4.1%
50.0%
52.1%
Did this person male impact your plans for future educa3on? non-white
64.7%
56.3%
Results
Would you be willing to take out a loan to aPend a doctoral program?
How likely are you to pursue a doctoral degree in nursing?
• • • •
• • • •
84 valid responses received 9.5% (n=8) licensed as Advanced Prac3ce Nurses, the rest RNs 28.6% (n=24) male, 86.9% (n=73) non-white Faculty, classmates and mentors can have a strong impact on educa3on plans • Male nurses were somewhat more influenced by faculty and mentors • Non-white nurses were somewhat more influenced by classmates More than half may pursue doctoral educa3on in the next 5y Majority not willing to go into debt Of those willing, 77.7% willing to assume $15,000 of debt or more Half do not feel they understand differences in prac3ce doctorates and research doctorates
Future Direc#ons
• Disseminate survey results • Develop a webpage of resources for prospec3ve students • Give presenta3ons explaining the differences between research and prac3ce doctoral degrees • Clinical loca3ons • Masters programs • Professional Associa3ons • Disseminate informa3on about doctoral programs
male Very likely
31.4%
Not at all likely
male
4.8% 4.8%
non-white
79.2%
Yes
30.0%
No
the difference between what is taught in a research doctorate (like a PhD) and a clinical doctorate (like a DNP)? the kinds of employment opportuni3es that will be open to you with a research doctorate vs. a clinical doctorate?
61.9%
28.6% 22.9%
Somewhat likely Not too likely
non-white
Do you feel you have a solid understanding of…
57.1% 50.0%
35.6%
19.0% 21.4%
20.1%
23.8%
28.6%
64.4%
15.7% Yes
Reasons why “not too likely” or “not at all likely” to pursue a doctoral degree in nursing: No interest Retired/soon to retire Financial reasons Age No financial and/or professional benefit Requires too much time/too busy Personal situation Getting a doctoral degree/already has one Feel unable to do it No support
# of comments
What do you believe to be the biggest barrier(s) for nurses of your gender/ ethnicity to pursuing a doctoral degree in nursing? Finances Time Family obligations Lack of diverse mentors/educators Lack of encouragement/lack of confidence Discrimination Lack of motivation/lack of understanding value of degree Degree not needed for work
9 6 5 5 3 3 2 2 1 1
No barriers
# of comments 38 14 10 8 8 7 6 2 7
No
Please describe what you believe would be the # of best facilitator for nurses of your gender/ comments ethnicity to pursue a doctoral degree in nursing? Financial help 30 Mentorship/Role models, especially ones 18 reflecting the student’s race/ethnicity/gender Support/Encouragement 10 Explanation and awareness of the rationale for 7 the doctorate, incorporate as a job expectation Educational program aspects; schedule 6 flexibility, learning styles Motivation 5 Time/Work accommodation 5 Active recruitment 2 Not sure/none
Email address for the GNLC: ganursingcoali3on@gmail.com Website: www.georgianursingleadershipcoali3on.com
I'm not sure
9
Support for this project was provided by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Founda3on’s State Implementa3on Program