Monetary Times Building R yer son Univer sity Comprehensive and integrated building analysis.
Overview 341 Church Street. Toronto Monetary Times B uilding. Ryerson University
01
Introduction
02
Analysis on the compliance of Ontario B uilding Code
03
Analysis of the materials and methods of Construction
04
Use of B uilding Information M odeling – Revit
05
Conclusion
The Team
The following analysis evaluates M onetary Times building for its compliance of Ontario B uilding code, the materials and methods of construction and illustrates the findings using B IM . Revit 2015 is used for building information modeling.
Rania Matta
Jasleen B edi
Goncalo Leitao
Farid Ahamadi
Sam Exeeson
Location and Site Context Monetary Times B uilding Is located at the N orth end of Ryerson Campus
< N ORTH
Eric Palin Hall On the East side of the building
Ryerson Architecture B uilding and Ryerson Engineering B uilding On the South side of the building
Kerr Hall On the West side of the building
Engineering B uilding
Eric Palin Hall Architecture B uilding
Kerr Hall
Church Street On the West side of the building
< N ORTH
Gerrard Street East On the N orth side of the building
< N ORTH
Project Overview and B ackground 341 Church Street. Toronto Monetary Times B uilding. Ryerson University
160
Years of History
2450
Square meters of Total Area
1848
First Register found at Toronto Lands Registry Office
1927
The property was sold to Monetary Printing Press Company
1931
Designed and built by J. A. Thatcher
1966
Ryerson University acquired the property
1989
Exterior renovation by Lett Sm ith Ar chitects
1993
Renovation Completed
2008
Interior renovation
2012
Renovation Completed
The building was initially planned to be of six floors for printing operations of Monetary Times printing press, but only four floors were constructed.
Building description Concrete and B rick Cladding with Art-Deco ornam ents on North and West facade
Gerrard Street East •
34 meters long
•
18 meters wide
•
4 Storey
Church Street
Building description Sim ple B rick Cladding on South and East facade
B uilding Program Entrances and Exits
Gerrard Street East
East Entrance 17 meters
Church Street
34 meters
West Entrance
South Service Entrance
< NORTH
Building description
For th floor
Floor occupancies and general layout B asem ent
Thir d floor
Fir st floor 2 laboratories, 1 machine shop, 3 offices, 1 student competition room, janitor room & B arrier free water closet
elevator
Thir d and Four th floor 2 laboratories, 9 offices and 3 water closets
staircase
Fir st floor
Second floor
Second floor 2 computer Laboratories, photocopy Room, B oardroom, 3 water closets (one female, one men and one barrier-free) Faculty Lounge and 9 Offices
Class rooms Laboratories Offices Toilets Janitors Room
Ontario Building Code
Ontario B uilding Code B uilding Classification and Major occupancy
• • • • • • •
Major Occupancy : Group A Division 2 B uilding Area: 557.08 m2 Gross Area: 2453 m2 N umber of Storey: 4 N umber of Streets Fire Fighting Access : 2 Applicable parts of B uilding Codes: Division B , Part 1, 3, 4,5,6,7, 10, 11, 12 B uilding Classification : 3.2.2.24 Any area, up to 6 Storey
4 3 2
1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Sprinkler system required on each floor of the building. N on-combustible construction B uilding height up to 6 storey Floor assemblies to have 1 Hr. Fire Separation Load bearing walls and columns to have 1 Hr. Fire-resistance rating
Provision for Fire fighting Ontario B uilding Code
Gerrard Street East
6m 3m Fire Department Connection
Church Street
Fire Hydrant
11 m
Exit 1 Exit 3
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
38mm diameter hose connection in each floor of the building. Fire Hydrants to be located within 90 m Fire detectors – service spaces, elevations Smoke Detector – Staircases, Elevator machine room Fire alarm system is required
6. Access to Above Grade Storeys for fire fighters
7. 8. 9. 10.
Roof Access required by stairway or hatch with fixed ladder. B arrier free design for passenger elevator Elevator Hoist Way, Machine Room - 1 Hr. FFR Services room - 1 Hr. FFR
< NORTH
Fir st floor
Second floor
Fire Protection and Occupant Safety Ontario B uilding Code
Ar ea
EXIT EXIT
FHC
EXIT
EXIT
Requir ed FR and com pliance
Corridor used by the public
1 hr.
Janitor room
1 hr.
B asement (sprinklered)
1 hr.
Doors in fire separation between Rooms and Corridor
45 min.
Vertical shafts
45 min.
Exits
1 hr.
Elevator and Staircases
1 hr.
Elevator hoist way
1 hr.
Elevator Machine room
1 hr.
Service rooms
1 hr.
B asement
1 hr.
1 Hr. Fire Separation 45 M in. Fire Separation EXIT
EXIT
EXIT FHC
NORTH >
EXIT
FHC
Vertical Shafts Elevator Shaft Janitor
FHC
EXIT
Fire Alarm – Manual pull system Fire Hose Cabinet Exit Signage
* The walls separating the staff offices, classrooms, laboratories and/or computer labs don’t need to be fire rated as these form a part of the overall suite and cannot be considered as different occupancies.
Thir d floor
For th floor
Fire Protection and Occupant Safety Ontario B uilding Code
EXIT
Ar ea
EXIT
FHC
FHC
Requir ed FR and com pliance
Corridor used by the public
1 hr.
Janitor room
1 hr.
B asement (sprinklered)
1 hr.
Doors in fire separation between Rooms and Corridor
45 min.
Vertical shafts
45 min.
Exits
1 hr.
Elevator and Staircases
1 hr.
Elevator hoist way
1 hr.
Elevator Machine room
1 hr.
Service rooms
1 hr.
B asement
1 hr.
EXIT
EXIT
1 Hr. Fire Separation 45 M in. Fire Separation
FHC
NORTH >
FHC
Vertical Shafts Elevator Shaft Janitor
FHC
EXIT
Fire Alarm – Manual pull system Fire Hose Cabinet Exit Signage
* The walls separating the staff offices, classrooms, laboratories and/or computer labs don’t need to be fire rated as these form a part of the overall suite and cannot be considered as different occupancies.
Fir st floor
Second floor
Safety within floor areas Ontario B uilding Code
A
X
A
Total Occupant load 357 per sons
D
Floor B asement
0
First Floor
94
Second Floor
95
D C
D
D C
Requ ir em en t s A Two Exits One B arrier Free entrance/ exit C Travel Distance between exits - 30 m D
Travel Distance from inside of room to egress door - 15 m Capacity of Access To Exits based on 6.1 mm per person= 2177 mm (1090 x 2) - 1100 mm provided
A
NORTH >
X
Occu pan t s
Com m en t s
M inimum Width Of Corridor-1100 mm A
Exit Doors Swing towards direction of travel to exit
Thir d floor & For th floor
Exit stair
Safety within floor areas Ontario B uilding Code
A
1100 I
D
Floor
J
Occu pan t s
Third Floor
104
Forth Floor
64
Requ ir em en t s C
G Dead End Corridor D
G
A
NORTH >
Com m en t s
K
I
Capacity of stairs in access to exit
1100 mm
J
Exit Staircase tread/ run 255- 355 mm
229 mm
K
Exit Staircase riser 125- 200 mm
180 mm
Headroom clearance of exit doors and stairways
Door hardware operable by one hand
Door release hardware
X Exit signage
Accessibility and Health Requirements Ontario B uilding Code Fir st floor
Second floor
Thir d floor
For th floor U niver sal W ashr oom s Required number â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2 B uilding does not comply Dr inking W ater Drinking Water Fountain is provided on all the floors OBC ref. Div. B 3.7.4.3(15) & Table 3.8.2.3.A
NORTH >
M ale WC
Fem ale WC
Bar . Fr ee WC
Un iver sal WC
First Floor
-
-
1
-
Second Floor
1
1
1
-
Third Floor
1
1
1
-
Forth Floor
1
1
1
-
B arrier free Circulation
North Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 10 m Fir st Floor
2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)
Exposed B uilding Face
145
125
Percentage UPO Allowed
60%
72%
Percentage UPO Created
41%
48%
FR Required and Created
45 min.
45 min.
C/N C Const. as/Req.
NC
NC
C/N C Clad. as/Req.
NC
NC
Con dit ion
Lim iting Distance of 10 m on N orth and West Side
West Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 10 m Fir st Floor
2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)
75
60
Percentage UPO Allowed
100%
100%
Percentage UPO Created
31%
46%
FR Required and Created
45 min.
45 min.
C/N C Const. as/Req.
NC
NC
C/N C Clad. as/Req.
NC
NC
Con dit ion Exposed B uilding Face
Fire Compartment
South Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 6 m Fir st Floor
2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)
Exposed B uilding Face
145
125
Percentage UPO Allowed
26%
30%
Percentage UPO Created
17%
28%
FR Required and Created
45 min.
45 min.
C/N C Const. as/Req.
NC
NC
C/N C Clad. as/Req.
NC
NC
Con dit ion
Lim iting Distance of 6 m on South and East Side
East Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 6 m Fir st Floor
2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)
60
50
Percentage UPO Allowed
49%
57%
Percentage UPO Created
30%
36%
FR Required and Created
45 min.
45 min.
C/N C Const. as/Req.
NC
NC
C/N C Clad. as/Req.
NC
NC
Con dit ion Exposed B uilding Face
Fire Compartment
Materials and Methods
Building Structure and Foundation Materials and Methods B elow Gr ade • Retaining walls are reinforced concrete. • The steel columns are encased in concrete • The slab over the basement storage 8.75” flat slab with 5.75” drop panels • 5’ by 5’ feet capitals supports (Fig. 1)
Concrete and Steel Str uctur e
Above Gr ade • The building has a steel frame structure with moment resistance frames. (Fig. 2 & 3) • The reinforced concrete joist and slab structure are supported by a steel frame of beams and columns 6.75 X 5.5 Grid (Fig. 4) • The typical floor - 8” concrete joist and 3” concrete slab • The roof structure is a reinforced concrete joist and slab construction Str uctur al stability M onetary Times B uilding was designed to support 6 floors, but only 4 were built. Studies shows that the steel columns and concrete footings, along with the floors, indicate a load capacity of 150 # /sf. over six floors.
Fig. 1
Column Capital
Fig. 2
Steel frame Structure
Fig. 3
Moment Resistance
Fig. 4
Grid
6.7
5.5
Building Envelope and Components Simple B rick Cladding on South and East facade South and East Facade • Designed as typical industrial structure, the elevations are composed of concrete masonry units brick facing in common bond (Fig. 1), with large industrial steel sash windows (Fig. 2) (2.4m high x 3 to 6m wide) and concrete sills. • Steel canopy at the East entrance (Fig. 3) •
Tall neighboring buildings shade the M onetary Times building at the south and east side of the building (Fig. 4 & 5)
Fig. 1
B rick Cladding
Fig. 2
Steel Sash W indows
Fig. 3
Entrance Canopy
Fig. 4
W inter Sun
Fig. 5
Sum m er Sun
Building Envelope and Components N orth and West facade
Building Envelope and Components The concrete vertical piers reaching up to two and half floor high on a four-foot high concrete base along Church and Gerrard Street
Building Envelope and Components The spandrels over the first floor windows are finished in precast terrazzo, the second floor level in art-deco motifs and the third floor in brick cladding
Building Envelope and Components At the roofline, the piers terminate in delightful multiple-plane stone caps that project slightly above the parapet
Building Envelope and Components N orth and East facade details South East Facade • At the roofline, the piers terminate in stone caps that project slightly above the parapet. (Fig. 1)
•
B etween these caps are decorative panels featuring sunbursts framed by stylized foliage At the top of the cast-stone base, the piers are decorated with subtle grooves Art-Deco floral motif, with rows of simple dentils on second floor (Fig. 3) The spandrels over the first floor windows were finished with precast terrazzo Fluted-recessed concrete surrounded with terrazzo and decorated iron work (Fig. 4) at the main door (Fig. 5)
Fig. 1
Stone Cap
Fig. 2
Decorative Panels
Fig. 3
Fig. 4 & 5
Art-Deco details
West Door Detail
Concrete Cladding
• • • •
B rick Cladding
(Fig. 2)
N or th Elevation
W est Elevation
Concrete Cab Concrete Cladding Asphalt felt 8â&#x20AC;? Concrete Joist + 3â&#x20AC;? Concrete Slab Air gap
Double Glazed windows with Thermal Break Window Sill External brick/concrete cladding Masonry wall 3 inch Rigid Insulation + 6 Mil. Poly Vapor Barrier Gypsum board w/ paint finish
Plastic laminate sill and Apron External concrete cladding Masonry wall 3 inch Rigid Insulation + 6 Mil. Poly Vapor Barrier
Concrete retaining wall Concrete footing
B efor e Renovation
Steel Structure
Added Insulation
B rick M asonry
Concrete Cladding
Concrete Cladding
Gypsum false ceiling
Ext. W all Construction
During the renovation, Lett-Smith architects added a new layer of insulation on the inside of all exterior walls
Foundation
Recent renovation
R oof Construction
Building Envelope and Components
Building Envelope and Components
Cracked window sills around the building
Cracked conc. cladding
Water logging in facade
B efor e Renovation
Leakage in B ar r ier continuity
Ext. W all Construction
W ater shedding sur face Air B ar r ier Vapor B ar r ier
Foundation
Evidence of failures in the building envelope is visible through out the external facade
R oof Construction
Failures in building envelope
Interior Partitions and finishes M aterials and methods
Inter ior Par titions • Standard 6”concrete block in the 1 st floor (with 1 hr. fire rating for corridors walls) • ULC- W407- 1 hr. rating with 1 ½”mineral wool B atts, 3 5/8” steel studs & 1/2” THK G.W.B on both sides used in the upper floor as fire rated separation for the corridor walls) • 3 5/8” steel studs with 1 ½” sound attenuation B atts & 5/8” THK G.W.B . • Glass B lock wall Decora Pattern 8”x8”x4”, used in the laboratories of the second floor.
West side staircase
Glass block wall at second floor
Painted gypsum false ceiling with light cove, Vinyl flooring and metal framed doors.
Building Information Modeling - Revit
Revit Advantages of B uilding Informational Modeling over other drafting software “The idea is to create a 3D model or "virtual" representation of the real physical building. Each 3D element has Information ( referred to as "metadata" ) input into it so that the data can be scheduled automatically, and shared downstream with other stakeholders and team members who may use Revit or other programs such as Navisworks to combine all models from the various design teams” Qamar Ul Islam, Savoir-Faire | Assistant Professor | Revit enthusiast
Revit was used as the primary tool of analysis for the purpose of this assignment. To achieve maximum productivity in a short period of time, work-collaboration was used. This allowed multiple users to work simultaneously to create and develop the building information model. Existing AutoCAD files provided by the planning department of Ryerson University were imported into the Revit model as reference. This allowed to create an accurate B IM model based on the as-built drawings. These are some of many features of Revit which helped us achieve this analysis. • • • •
Work Sharing Constraints, Element Identity and Documentation Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity Customizable drawing templates
B uilding Information Modeling Work-sharing
Work sets were established to categorize the development of B IM in the order of construction. The B IM manager developed the base-model structural elements, base building envelopes, standardized doors and windows etc. Thereafter each team member developed the details to create a complete model.
B uilding Structure • Foundation • Retaining walls • Columns and beams • Service and circulation cores B uilding Envelope • Exterior walls • External doors and windows • External cladding B uilding Interiors • Internal partition walls • Interior doors and openings Site and Related Elements • Site components and massing.
W or k-sets
Structure
Floors & Grid
Envelope
Interiors
Ext-Cladding
Site and Landscape
Building Information Modeling Constraints, Element Identity and Documentation
Each element created in Revit has a an Identity and set of data attached to it. This can be the physical properties of the indented material of construction or the quantification. Documentation is no longer manual. The information is already there. All you have to do is extract it.
Element Identity Stair • • •
Type Level Constraints Offset from Wall
Customization 1 • • •
Length Height N umber of Stairs
Customization 2 • • •
Details of Riser Structural Details N osing Detail
Extract Schedule • • •
Required Information Quantity of building materials Load and Structural information
Publish Schedule • • •
Bill of Quantities Load Schedule Manufacture's details
Building Information Modeling Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity
Each element is a 3d object with parameters that can be modified to modify the entity Entire model is a single database with all elements interrelated. The significance of this is that when you make any changes in one location all affected elements will dynamically update. 5050 X 2350
4150 X 2350 Art â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Deco Ornament
Ext - Window
3950 X 2350
3450 X 2350
Building Information Modeling Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity
Ar tâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Deco Detailing
Building Information Modeling Ar tâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Deco Detailing
Photogr aph of Staircase
R evit 360 Rendering
Building Information Modeling Customizable drawing templates
Default workspace • • •
Concept Design Working Drawings Co-ordination
Architectural Plan Template • • •
Presentation Drawings Tender Drawings Working Drawings
Color Schemes • • •
Room Tags Occupancy classification Phasing
3D Drawings • • •
I-Plan Presentation Client Meetings Reference Views
Building Information Modeling Renderings
Photogr aph of Staircase
R evit 360 Rendering
Thank you.