GONGBU HAN PORTFOLIO gongbu_han@outlook.com Selected Works 2017-2021
01 THREE SCALES OF WEATHERING Interventions regarding water pollution in Berezovsky, Russia
Flowing Direction of More Polluted Water
Berezovsky, Sverdlovsk, Russia / September 2020 - July 2021/ Type: Individual Academic Work Instructors: Oscar Rommens_O.R.G.Rommens@tudelft.nl / Nishat Awan_N.N.Awan@tudelft.nl / Mauro Parravicini_M.Parravicini@tudelft.nl Yekaterinburg is one of the most polluted cities in Russia. Situated in the south Urals, it benefits from its rich natural resources, while at the same time suffers from its heavy industrial pollution. The site of this project is in Berezovsky, a satellite city of Yekaterinburg 15 km away from the city center. It is where gold was first found in Russia and its environment has been seriously affected by the heavy mining industry. In the northeast of the city, there is a huge tailings deposit. These two drawings below try to represent and analyze how this place came into being and its atmosphere, including the circulation of polluted mine water, the process of underground mining, the trials left by visitors of the deposit and their vehicles, and the colourful water, ores and dumps. All the rich colours and textures of the site come from the weathering from all these different elements. In this project, the concept 'weathering' is throughout the research and design part, which will be featured in its multi-site strategy. The nature of weathering's ability to change an object is discussed the realm of architecture through a series of buildings which are 'weathered' in different scales throughout their lifecycles.
Flowing Direction of less Polluted Water
N
Composite Site Analytical Drawings - the Berezovsky Deposit
Site I. The Tower in the Deposit
Phase 1 Sea buckthorn was brought to the site by wind or birds from nearby dachas.
Site III. The Convergence
Phase 3 Due to its fast growth and drought tolerance, sea buckthorn remains dominance over other plants for 10-15 years.
Phase 2 Other Shrubs appear and compete with sea buckthorn
Phase 4 After 20 years, sea buckthorns begin to die. Those in the middle of the dump die first for lack of sunlight. The soil fertilized by dead ones makes it possible for other shrubs and trees to grow. Finally other plants will replace most of the sea buckthorns.
Site I. The Pavilion
Project Masterplan
Site I. The Tower in the Deposit - Weathering in accessibility: scale of a building
Floor Plans
0
5m
10m
This tower is first a water intake to collect the acid water from the deposit, which later flows to the neighbouring newly built treatment plant to be purified there. The second function is a vertical intertwined motorcycle track for trail riding, given that there are already many motorcyclists playing in the deposit. Because of the tailings accumulating in the deposit, its ground level will become higher year after year. Therefore, the tower will slowly be submerged in the sand, until its fully buried. There are a system of ramps & platforms and a system of openings & doors to ensure that everywhere on the track is accessible from anywhere in the tower. Three ramps going out from the tower and going back into it again will be inaccessible during the process, but their neighbouring ramps will ensure the track is unobstructed. A small amount of sand will also accumulate at the bottom to create a dune-like landscape. The accessibility of different spaces changes over time, so the building is weathered from a macro scale.
Chronological Sections Polluted water from acid mine drainage generated in the deposit
Sand accumulated over the year 40m
1.2m
37.6m
1.2m
52.9m
Plan above 52.9m
Plan at 48.6m
Plan at 41.9m
Plan at 33.4m
Plan at 27.2m
Plan at 18.5m
37.4m
27.4m
18m 200mm precast concrete slab Timber to fill the gap between slab and beam 200mm*100mm steel I-beam
12.3m
Prefabricated Concrete Slab
5m
0m
-7.5m
←Pipeline to the treatment plant
Sand collecting tray
Water & sand buffering tray
400mm*400mm*1200mm Sandstone block
1.2m Sandstone Wall
Cantilevered Steel Beam
12m
Site II. The Pavilion - Weathering in spatiality: scale of a room Interior (Pavilion)
Columns 0.4m*0.4m Limestone
Exterior (Pool) Exterior (Pool)
2 Columns 0.5m*0.5m Limestone
2
1
Columns 0.6m*0.6m Limestone
2.
3.
2
Columns 1.2m*1.2m Sandstone
Columns 2m*2m Limestone
1.
Ground Floor Plan 1/200 (Just Built) 4.
5.
Hegerogeneous Grid of Limestone & Sandstone Columns 1. Suprimposed stone columns 2&3. Exterior grid extended to the interior 4. Structural Columns 5. Steel beam following the grid system Axonometric of the pool when just built
3
Axonometric of the pool intermediate phase
Basement One Plan 1/200 (Just Built)
8
8
Axonometric of the pool final phase
5
6 7
Basement Two Plan 1/400
Degradation of the Columns in Chronological Sequence This building consists of 2 parts, the pool to neutralize the less polluted acid water, and the pavilion to educate local people about the city's water pollution condition. Limestone is alkaline so it can neutralize the acid while being a building material, which will be weathered and slowly disappear over time. A heterogeneous grid system consisting of 5 homogeneous grid systems of stone columns of different width, one of which is sandstone that doesn't react with acid and therefore will stand much longer than limestone, is introduced toe the pool to create a heteregeneous space that slowly opens itself to the visitors over time, because the limestone columns will slowly dissolve in the sand, opening up spaces which were too narrow to pass. The pool is accessible via the front staircase or the gate at the basement. The basement one floor is a gallery, where different fragments of time in the pool is juxtaposed in one same space.
1. Entrance 2. Temporary Exhibition / Education 3. Permanent Exhibition 4. Interior Pool 5. Storage 6. Water Pollution Data Archive 7. Machinery Room 8. Toilet
5
4
3
Construction & Details
Site III. The Convergence - Weathering in materiality: scale of Architectural Components Stream of Dirty Water from the Deposit
River Berezovska
Stream of Clean Water from the Pavilion
Site Plan
Longitudinal Section & Roof Plan
On this site, the two kinds of water from two previous sites meet each other. They are mixed to create different levels of pollution to weather the walkway differently, which goes from west to east. The part of walkway weathered by only clean water will take on a mossy greenish colour, while those weathered by only polluted water will be orange. The area weathered by the mixture of the two will take on a colour gradient between the two. This bridge is made from prefabricated components, including limestone slabs which will take on different look based on where they are in the water gradient. These slabs can be removed and displayed in the gallery of the pavilion site, as artworks created by weathering.
Model Top View
Connection Between Sites
Model Front View
Model Close-up View
Prefabricated Concrete Components
Removable Limestone Slabs
Model Close-up View
Limestone Slabs Displayed in the Pavilion
Concrete Drain
Details to slow down the water velocity
Concrete Drain
Model Front View
02 EIGHT COURTYARDS
Courtyard 3
Community Center in Anhui China Xixinan Village, Anhui Province, China 2018.05-2018.08 Instructor: Hongwei Yang hongwei_yang@tju.edu.cn Type: Individual Academic Work
June 25th Sunset 19:00
June 25th Sunrise 5:00
12:00 December 24th Sunset 17:00
December 24th Sunrise 7:00 12:00
Traditional Anhui Architecture is a famous branch of traditional Chinese architecture. Speaking of it, most people are reminded of the combination of white walls and grey roof tiles, as well as the iconic stair-shaped gable walls ( 'Ma Tau Walls' in Chinese). Three types of carvings including stone, wood and brick carvings are also a signature of it. The site is located in Xixinan Village, Anhui Province, where most buildings an in Anhui style. In this project, traditional style is fused with modernism, by means of abstraction of forms and patterns. Spaces are weaved around 8 different courtyards, enriching the variety of space experiences.
Courtyard 2
Courtyard 1
Consecutive Sections 8 courtyards serve to activate the whole space, providing sunlight, ventilation and beautiful views for different areas. They reflects one another from plan as well as section, making the all 8 courtyards an entirety.
Courtyard 5
40
0m
Different functions are organized around 8 courtyards, creating diverse spatial experiences. As a result, the boundary between indoors and outdoors becomes vague.
Courtyard 4
1.
Sun Path 118°15' E 29°42' N
Activity Radius
Prevailing Wind
Xixinan Village bears a subtropical monsoon climate. The mild climate makes it possible to create a series of grey spaces.
2.
Site Plan 1/4500 & Climatic Analysis
Traditional Anhui Architecture and Form Generation Three steps to develop the form. First, three layers of polyline defines the profile of walls. Second, roofs and 8 yards are differentiated. Finally, roofs are elevated to separate heights. All steps are based on the laws extracted from Anhui architecture patterns. 1.Stack-Up 2.Solid & Void 3.Height Variation
3.
0
5m
10m
20m
14
12
13
15
15 6
3
15
5
11
16 9
8
2
4
10
7
1
N
1.Ground Floor Plan 1~8. Courtyard 1 ~ Courtyard 8 9. Temporary Exhibition
10. Permanent Exhibition 11. Cafe 12. Restaurant
13. Kitchen 14. Storage 15. Office 16. Toilets
2. View of the Restaurant Through Courtyard 2
3. View into Countryside through Courtyard 3
4. View of the Restaurant through Courtyard 3
'Enframed Scenery' and 'Opposite Scenery' in Chinese gardening are used here to create unexpected views for visitors.
The openings on walls embrace the view of the countryside.
The pool in courtyard 3 provides enjoyable scenery for users of dinning area.
1
3
2
4
03 FUSION IN URBAN VILLAGE Rebuild of Ancestral Temple in Guangzhou China Xiancun Village, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China / 2017.04-2017.07 Instructor: Lu Dai_dailuu@126.com / Type: Individual Academic Work
Enshrining
Worshipping Ceremony
Feast
Entertainment
Functions of Traditional Ancestral Temples Ancestral temples play the role of spiritual center of a huge family distributing all over china, because the ancestral tablets, where people believe the spirits of their ancestors rest, are enshrined there. They also provide space for entertainment such as cards for local residents on normal days.
Relationships around Old Ancestral Temple Belongingness
Pilgrim
Identity
Worship
Administrate
Native Profit
Old Temple
Problem of Natives in Urban Villages Most of original villagers in urban villages moved away, leaving those who stay isolated from family. Many buildings are torn down or extended for rent.
Stay Away
Migrant
Accommodate
Problem of Migrants in Urban Villages Migrants live in extremely narrow rented houses, and there are no leisure or social places for them to go. Remaining old temples are only open to native people.
Relationships Around New Building Belongingness
Pilgrim Encounter
Identity
Worship
Administrate Renovated Temple
Native Profit & Interact
Recreation Encounter Migrant
Accommodate & Interact
Improvement in Amenities
Change in Relationships Among Three Groups of Users Old ancestral temples were open only to the family. Consequently, migrants in urban village have no access to amenities and space in temples, their relationship between natives limited to simply landlord and lessee. On contrary, this new building is open to everyone, making it possible for natives and migrants to share the same space and interact with each other. People living far away all over China who come all the way to worship their ancestor (pilgrims), can also encounter migrants here. More possibilities of social interactions emerge in this new building.
Local people, including both natives and migrants, suffer from poor facilities. They were used to singing, playing music and banqueting in open air. The completion of this project will accomodate them with more comfortable spaces.
Worship Feast Entertainment Reading Exhibition Feast&Worship
With the fast pace of urbanization in Guangzhou, numbers of urban villages remain isolated in the downtown center. They are associated with squalor, overcrowding, and, however, the liveliest areas in the city. Xiancun village is a typical one of them in Guangzhou CBD. Dwellers there include original natives of the village and transient migrants who left their homes in the countryside to work in the city. Ancestral temple used to be the center of a village in the past when there was no urbanization. People gathered there to worship their ancestors or for entertainment and social activities. People outside the family cannot enter the temple. Today most of them have lost their functions, damaged or torn down. The objectives of this project are to explore a modern form of ancestral temple combined with public spaces in complex urban village context, and make it possible to break the boundary between natives and migrants, by providing them with communicative spaces.
1.The site is located between several residential buildings
2.Functions of traditional temples are distributed horizontally
3.Introduce new functions and distribute vertically
4.Split the volume and integrate
5.Continuity of site circulation
6.Revitalization and delightment
The functions of banquet and worshipping are integrated in one adjustable space to reduce the overall area while new functions are introduced. Volume is split into small cubes to get rid of the solemn image of ancestral temples to welcome more migrants.
Process of Development
The suspended volumes makes room for the ground circulation. The falling water and the high building behind is a reflection of traditional Chinese Feng Shui, which sees a building site with water in its front and mountain on its back as the supreme location.
13
3600
300
1. View of South Facade
+18.3m 200
Section A-A
500
+15.0m
2. View of Open-Air Theatre Cantonese opera is widely welcomed by both natives and migrants.
3600
7
200
+11.5m +10.9m 500
3. View of Shrine during Worshipping Ceremony Each member of the family kneels down before their ancestors' tablets during a ceremony.
3400
5
4000
6
1000
500
+7.9m
500
+6.4m
2300
3
4
2300
500
+6.4m
+3.6m
3100
1
3100
500
500
+3.6m
1 0.0m
200
+14.7m
300
10 +12.2m
3600
9
500
200
3600
200 3600
10
10
2300
+15.0m
+14.7m
2300
3400
3600
13
200
+17.2m
12
300
+18.3m
300
200
200
+18.3m
300
0.0m
+10.9m 500
5
6
2800
2500
6
+7.9m
3800
500 2500
7
+10.9m 200
+10.9m
+6.4m 500
450
500
+7.3m
500
+7.9m
2
1
500 3100
500
1 0.0m
0.0m
3800
+3.6m
3100
3100
500 3100
2
4
+3.6m
500
+3.6m
3800
3
4
3250
3800
3 +3.6m
1 0.0m
0.0m
2
Section C-C
Section B-B
11
10
12 C
1. Pavement
5. Central Terrace
2. Video Room
6. Exhibition Room
3. Entrance Terrace
9. Mahjong Room
4. Shrine & Banquet Hall
10. Reading Room
5. Dressing Room
11. Tearoom
6. Open-air Theatre
12. Terrace
7. Staircase
13. Storage
C
B
B 10
A
9
A
3
04 LANDSCAPE PENETRATION Student Center for Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin, China 2018.02-2018.04 Instructor: Yunyue Liu liuyunyue2006@126.com Type: Individual Academic Work Main Road
Just like most campuses in China, the overall planning of Tianjin Polytechnic University features strong axis and stiff division. Students, tired of point to point lifestyle, need a place to have some fun and run away from daily routine for a while, enjoying spectacular landscape which is designed for them.
Basketball Court
Badminton Court
This project aims extend the existing greenfield for the contiunity of the campus landscape with a series of methods such as multiple single buildings distributed in on the site instead of a huge volume, as well as an overhead bridge to give way to green land and pools. By all those means the campus is revitalized.
Employment Service Center
Secondary Road
Main roads bear 80% of the flow of people most of the time.
Dormitory
Academic
Sports
The borders of different functions are too harsh.
Crowd
Greenfield
Crowds tend to gather around dining halls after courses.
Dining Hall
Exisiting landscape axis is interruptted where at the site.
1. Base
2. Enclosure
3. Penetration
4. Uplift
5. Retreat
6. Incline
7. Bridging
8. Sunshade
9. Distribution
10. Continuity
Design Narrative
Offices
The site is located at the end of the landscape axis of Tianjin Polytechnic University. The current situation of the campus is different functions divided into several sharp, rigid polygons. To achieve the continuity of the landscape and blur the sharp borders, volumes are centralized and divided into three different functions. They are carved while lifted and drawn back from roads to let the landscape flow through them. An overhead bridge is introduced to connect the four volumes, which also plays the role of runway to serve students. Basketball Court
Brick Cladding Facade
Concrete Roof Slab
Student Rehearsal &Performing Center
N
Site Plan 1/2500
Steel Truss
Profiled Steel Sheet Floor Slab
Steel Structure
Brick Load Bearing Wall
Structure and Material Axonometric Considering that all existing buildings in Tianjin Polytechnic University have brick elevations, most facades of this building complex are cladded by bricks, making it harmonious with its surroundings. Different types of structure are introduced to three single buildings on the basis of their functions.
B 17
17
16
16 16 18 14
4
10
15
8 13
A
9 1
2
11
3
8
9
6
7 9
12 A B
5
9 8
N
Ground Floor Plan 1/1000
I. Sports Center II. Offices
III. Employment Service Center
IV. Student Rehearsal & Performing Center
1. Entrance Lobby 2. Atrium 3. Staff Entrance
10. Entrance 7. Storage 8. Toilet 9. Locker Room
11. User Entrance 12. Staff Entrance
13. Entrance Lobby 14. Reception Desk 15. Auditorium
4. Badminton Court 5. Basketball Court 6. Gym
Longitudinal Section A-A
16. Rehearsal Room 17. Storage 18. Toilet
0
1
3
1
2
5
10
20
Sports Center Entrance & Atrium The atrium connects entrance and bridge, meanwhile providing scenery for entrance lobby.
40M
6
4
5
Basketball Court Area Section Perspective B-B
1. Office
2. Overhead bridge
3. conference room
4. Recruitment hall
5. Interview room
6. Cafe & Resting area
Circulation corridors and resting area are adjacent to while overlooking basket ball court.
05 TWISTED STRAIGHT
1. First Floor Plan 1/1000
Skyscraper Design in TIanjin Tianjin, China 2018.09-2018.12 Instructor: Yunyue Liu liuyunyue2006@126.com Type: Individual Academic Work
1
2
3
4
Volume
Tower Entrances 4
3
3. Site Plan
4
3
5
Podium Entrances 5
6
7
8
6
7
8
67200 8400
2
1
3. Basement 1 Plan 1/1000
2
1
8400
8400
8400
8400
8400
8400
840
9
67200 8400
8400
8400
8400
8400
8400
8400
A 8400
8400
B 8400
8400
A
C 8400
8400
B
D 8400
8400
C
E 8400
8400
D
92400
8400
8400
F
E
G 8400
8400
92400
F
H 8400
8400
G
H 8400
8400
I
J 8400
8400
I
K 8400
8400
J
K
L 8400
L
8400
A
25200
8400
8400
B
A
C 8400
8400
25200
B
D
C 8400
In order to bring vitality to a plot in the city center of Nankai District, Tianjin, an iconic skyscraper is needed. The overall concept of this twin-tower is playing with the traditional verticality of a tower with verticle lines on facade. Here the lines are twisted together with the the volume for different types of entrances. The result is the openings which seems to be dragged out from the towers, providing best views for the offices. The zigzag profile of the plan is effective in terms of sunshade and views.
2. Ground Floor Plan 1/1000
D
8400
4 8400
4
8400
5
8400
6
42000
8400
7
8400
8
9
8400
5
8400
6
42000
8400
7
84
8
WHEN GREEN MEETS BLUE
EMBRACING THE PARK
Square and pier transfer center in Istanbul, Turkey
Residential complex in Moscow, Russia
Kabatas, Istanbul, Turkey / October 2021 - November 2021 / Professional Project - Commission / IND [Inter.National.Design] / Supervisor: Felix Madrazo Contribution: Interior Design, Facade Design, Visualization
Moscow, Russia / September 2021 - October 2021 / Professional Project - Competition Entry / IND [Inter.National.Design] / Supervisor: Felix Madrazo Contribution: Full participation (Architecture Design, Facade Detail Design, 3D Modelling, Preliminary Renderings) Located in a new development area of Moscow, this residential complex is facing a linear park which is a part of the overall green belt. In order to ensure that as many housing units on the towers can share a view of the park as possible, the volume is distrubuted into three layers. The facades of different layers are aligned by intervals to minimize view obstruction among different towers. The ground floor of the whole complex is for commercial use, creating two inner yards for an enclosure. The upper parts are apartments, with each floor standing on the every terrace as luxury apartments with direct access to the terraces.
1 2
1. Front facade perspective 2. Side perspective
The aim of this transfer center is not only to renew the historical Kabatas pier in Istanbul, but also to reshape it as a city destination with diverse public roles attached to it. Next to the waiting rooms, various shopping venues are introduced. Above them on the first floor are some galleries. The roof is a green sloping park, which will make this place alive both day and night. It slowly rises above the waiting halls towards the sea. This sloping park, which allows walking on it, invites users to watch the Bosphorus from the square onto the structure and from there. In general, the structure's accessible attitude, which invites people to experience themselves, will be felt very intensely both from the square and from the sea. This project, which will bring people, green and blue together respectfully to each other, will also be a breathing stop for people who have lost their connection with the coast.
Height 56m
32-75m Height Variant
Plinth Commercial
Facade Layering
Green Terraces
Luxury Levels
The detailed volume and facade design draws inspiration from Art Deco skyscrapers in New York from early 20th century such as Rockefeller Center and Downtown Athletic Club. This classic model provides more sunlight in the cold Russian climate, and is modernized with the green terraces. It also further shifts the facades of different towers so that the obstruction between different rows is smaller.
A COCOON FOR ORCHID Orchid Pavilion in Oaxaca, Mexico Oaxaca, Mexico / September 2021 - October 2021 / Professional Project - Competition Entry / IND [Inter.National.Design] / Supervisor: Felix Madrazo Contribution: Full participation (Design, Parametric Modelling, Drawings). Within a landscape able to provide the conditions for orchids to grow, a condensed space is proposed where the mutual benefits biodiversity humidity and shadow is maximized. Rather than a building, the Orchidarium is a spatial assemblage that provides a variety of conditions where multiple types of orchids can thrive. The pavilion aims at creating an intimate space, a spatial momentum to immerse and experience the orchids in close proximity. Its compact envelope provides the ideal condition of shade and humidity without the visual impact of a solid form. Its geometry can be read but it can also blend with nature. The pavilion is made of 3 components: a stone bed, a flexible arrangement of clay towers containing the orchids and a porous cocoon giving it form.
3. Steel rod cocoon
Climbing plants
Sun shade net
1. Steel rod cocoon
2. Clay towers
The pavilion’s porous envelope is the formal result of the weaving of catenary arches made of steel rods. The gardener can curate the orchid collection by placing the various species at different locations according to their shadow and humidity needs. In the future a system of spray irrigation can be added .
2. Clay Towers
A forest of clay ‘towers’ of varying diameter and height are placed on top of the stone bed wetland. The porosity of the clay creates humidity, ventilation and cooling, conditions that form an ecosystem similar to their natural habitat.
Crosswise Section
2m
Longitudinal Section
2m
1. Stone Bed Wetland
Path of rocks
3. Stone bed wetland
This structural component functions also as tray to collect rain water. This surface wetland is covered with a stone layer creating the conditions of high humidity through evaporation. Finally the wetland continuously provides irrigation to the orchids via capillarity.
Ground Floor Plan