Once a Caian Issue 9

ISSUE 9 SPRING 2009 GONVILLE & CAIUS COLLEGE

Caius to China Building Bridges

CAMBRIDGE

From the Director of Development This is a rather special issue of Once a Caian… As Cambridge University celebrates its 800th Anniversary, Caius is celebrating its close links with China.

Our current Master served as British Ambassador in Beijing (p.2). We have a Chinese President (p.10), two other Chinese Fellows, Professor Kay-Tee Khaw (1991) and Dr Liana Chua (2007), and many Chinese undergraduates and postgraduates. We now have our first Chinese-American Nobel Laureate (and the first in my own subject, Chemistry), Professor Roger Tsien (1977), who came back to College (p.14) to accept an Honorary Fellowship and to give a highly entertaining lecture on his work and his time as a Research Fellow at Caius.

Neil McKendrick (1958) writes with customary eloquence (p.6) on the life and legacy of Joseph Needham (1918), and his monumental study of science and civilisation in China. As Master, Neil was fond of telling Caian after-dinner gatherings that the College had won as many Nobel Prizes as Russia. For the benefit of anyone who has lost count, the list reads: Charles Sherrington (1880) James Chadwick (1919) Howard Florey (1924) Max Born (1908) Francis Crick (1949) John Hicks (1935) Anthony Hewish (1942) Milton Friedman (1953) Nevill Mott (1930) Richard Stone (1931) Joseph Stiglitz (1965) Roger Tsien (1977)

Medicine Physics Medicine Physics Medicine Economics Physics Economics Physics Economics Economics Chemistry

1932 1935 1945 1954 1962 1972 1974 1976 1977 1984 2001 2008

At a less rarefied level of College life, global financial difficulties mean that fundraising is ever more vital to the College’s continuing success. Last year’s Telephone Campaign raised over half a million pounds, a record for any Oxbridge College: Caians responded with unprecedented generosity to the new Caius Fund, which provides money for much-needed, immediate expenditure (p.28).

We are immensely grateful to those who have set up regular gifts over 4, 7 or 10 years and we hope that many more Caians will do so in 2009. Every donation really does make a difference. We are also grateful to the many Caians who have told us they plan to remember the College in their wills. The fabric of Caius is woven from legacies and built on bequests, from the founding gifts of Gonville and Bateman in the fourteenth century to the legacies of Lord Bauer and Wilfrid Holland in recent years.

Many of you will already know that the founding editor of Once a Caian…, Mick Le Moignan (2004), is leaving Caius to take up an appointment at the University of Sydney. Mick lived in Sydney for 14 years and had always planned to move back there. He will be much missed by his many friends and colleagues at Caius and we wish him well in this new venture.

Dr Anne Lyon (2001) Fellow

“A gift to Gonville & Caius College counts towards the Cambridge 800th Anniversary Campaign”

...Always a Caian 1

Contents 10

18

22

2 Bridges to China – Sir Christopher Hum (2005) 6 Joseph Needham – Bridge Builder – Neil McKendrick (1958) 10 Our President – Yao Liang (1963) interviewed by Mick Le Moignan (2004) 14 2008 Nobel Prize Winner, Roger Tsien (1979) visits Caius 16 China comes to Caius 18 Caius goes to China 20 Capitalising on Carbon – Mike Richards (1981) interviewed by David Elstein (1961) 22 Here’s No Place for You Maids! – The 1897 Vote on Degrees for Women 26 The 1956 Lectureship and the Peter Walker Organ Scholarship 28 The 2009 Telephone Campaign and the 2009 Caius Fund 30 Thanks to our Benefactors…

34 CaiMemories

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still

36 Your College

Needs You!

Cover Photos by Yao Liang and Annie Kwan

The Yellow Mountain – painting by Choo Liang.

Stearns Photos

Tsien Lab

14

6

Dan White

Phil Mynott

2

2 Once a Caian...

Above: The bridge at the Bei Hai Teahouse, photographed

by Julia Hum. Above right: Sir Christopher and Lady Hum in the garden at the British Embassy in Beijing.

Right: Keeping warm in a Chinese winter.

by Sir Christopher Hum (2005)

Crossing the bridge

Decline and revival

The bridge that took me into mainland China for the first time was a modest, rickety structure spanning a little river between Hong Kong and Guangdong Province. It was a sunny afternoon in May 1970, and I was a young diplomat interrupting my studies in Mandarin Chinese at Hong Kong University to fill a temporary gap in the small British Office in Peking.

I got off the train on the Hong Kong side and struggled with my suitcase across the bridge to the station and immigration post on the other side. Around the station were paddy fields, and a small group of peasant women were planting out the rice shoots in shallow water. The only other sound was tinny music – a revolutionary opera – coming from a loudspeaker in a village a little way away.

That scene has remained in my mind as a picture of the China I first knew. The country was poor, largely rural, revolutionary and isolated. China had turned in on itself. The economy was stagnant and the Cultural Revolution raged. The office I was going to join had been burned down by rioting Red Guards three years earlier, and remained a blackened ruin. At that time there was no other travel route operating into China and there was only one train a day to the border: in fact my two fellow passengers and I were the only three people entering the country that day.

Within my working lifetime I have witnessed China’s explosion on to the world stage.

Of course China can claim a long history and a glorious civilisation. As recently as the seventeenth century it possessed the largest economy in the world, and arguably the most sophisticated culture. All the other peoples in contact with it were seen as inferior, as “barbarians” fit only to pay tribute.

Then something went wrong. Its culture and technology stagnated; it was subject to invasion, occupation and humiliation by foreign powers; and even after it regained its independence in 1949 it was plunged by Mao Zedong into one disastrous political experiment after another.

After 1978 and Deng Xiaoping’s consolidation of power, however, that long process of decline and demoralisation was reversed. We have since seen one of the most stunning economic revivals that the world has ever known. The Chinese economy is now the third largest in the world, and set to overhaul first Japan then the United States in the decades ahead. Hundreds of millions of people have been lifted out of abject poverty. The cities have undergone physical and social transformation, thanks to

state investment, immigrant labour from the rural hinterland and the emergence of a westernised professional middle class.

The pace of China’s engagement with the outside world has been no less astonishing.

The Communist regime that took control in 1949 had to struggle for international recognition, in part because it was seen externally as a dangerous exporter of revolution. Even after it was admitted into the United Nations in 1971 it remained wary of external entanglements. Again 1978 was the watershed year – “reform” was to be accompanied by “opening”.

In economic terms that has meant progressively opening the economy to market forces, and to investment by foreign companies. The outcome has been a curious

...Always a Caian 3 Phil Mynott

The Chinese Premier, Wen Jiabao, came to Cambridge in February to give the prestigious Rede Lecture. The Master acted as mediator in the question session, which will probably be remembered for the heckler who threw his training shoe at the Premier, missing by a wide margin but attracting press coverage all over the world.

the World Trade Organisation, the G20 of advanced economies, the group working to eliminate North Korea’s dangerous nuclear potential. Chinese leaders travel widely to extend their influence, open markets and secure sources of raw materials. They understand that global problems – climate change, environmental degradation, energy shortages, all afflicting China on a huge scale – need global solutions.

In driving so successfully for growth, China’s leaders have exploited some formidable national advantages. There is a tradition of massive and complex civic works that goes back thousands of years – think of the Terracotta Army, ancient irrigation

projects, or the Great Wall.

Add to this the ability of a centralised, authoritarian state to focus national energies on a single objective, unhampered by political opposition, planning inquiries or carping in the media. The Beijing Olympics, successfully executed with no expense spared, was just the latest achievement in this absolutist tradition.

Fragile achievements China has moved so fast that its rise has provoked anxious questioning. Where will it stop? For the rest of us is it a threat or an opportunity?

Its achievements have been great, but they are fragile. I have taken part in many hours of discussion with China’s current leaders, and I have seen how burdened, almost oppressed, they feel by the sheer scale of their task. They like to refer to China’s population of 1.3 billion in mathematical terms: its achievements – say an increase in absolute GDP – have to be divided by 1.3 billion to give a still modest per capita figure, while its problems need to be multiplied by the same factor.

And when we turn to those problems

Phil Mynott

hybrid known as “socialism with Chinese characteristics”, where a slimmed-down, toned-up state sector coexists with a flourishing private and foreign-invested sector. Foreign investment on a huge scale has brought Western capital and management techniques into productive partnership with China’s innate industry and entrepreneurism.

So we have all seen how manufacturing for the multinationals has shifted to China, attracted by low costs and cheap, disciplined labour. China has become “the workshop of the world”: from a vantage-point in the Pearl River Delta I have seen for myself large parts of the total global production of microwaves, sports shoes, Christmas decorations and many other commodities in full swing.

At the same time society has been opened to foreign influences, albeit while remaining under the strict oversight and control of the Communist Party. Western culture, from Hollywood movies to street fashion to the National Basketball Association, has been enthusiastically embraced. Chinese tourists have fanned out across the globe. China has more internet users than any other country, even though Big Brother reads their emails, listens in to their chat-rooms and filters their access to foreign websites.

In foreign policy China is engaged as never before. It has learnt the benefits, in an interdependent world, of joining the clubs –

4 Once a Caian...

Sir Christopher (back row, just left of centre) in an official photograph with Deng Xiaoping (front row, centre).

it is hard to know where to start. There is the growth in inequality. In economic terms China’s cities have forged ahead of the surrounding countryside, and its eastern seaboard ahead of the western hinterland.

From relative equality in poverty China’s population has become one of the most unequal in the world – more so even than the United States.

There are problems with the quality of governance. Chinese leaders speak openly of their fear that corruption, if it is unchecked, could bring down the Party. They are uncomfortably aware of the potential for social unrest, often sparked by frustration at

is continuing to grow and age as a result of increased life expectancy.

Many times I have heard China’s leaders argue eloquently that their overriding priority has to be to tackle these vast and pressing domestic issues: given this preoccupation, how can China be a threat to the rest of the world? They know very well that they cannot keep themselves in power by force, or by invoking ideology. They can do it only by delivering the economic goods – jobs, growth and rising living standards. They need a peaceful international environment to help them, and their engagement with the international community has that as its aim.

maladministration and corruption in local government. To allay their fears they have embarked on a huge exercise to improve governance, unwilling to recognise that some of the problems could lie in the totalitarian system itself, with its absence of checks and balances.

There is the devastation that the dash for economic growth has caused to China’s environment. Air pollution and water pollution are among the worst in the world.

Desertification and deforestation threaten the countryside, as does uncontrolled urbanisation. It will be hugely difficult and expensive to reverse this damage. It will be no less so to deal with some of the problems endemic to China’s situation – restricted agricultural land relative to population, a shortage of water in Northern China, a huge population which despite draconian controls

The current global economic crisis will test China’s leaders to the utmost. They are entitled to criticise profligate economic policies in the West. Nonetheless they are not immune from the effects, and they are watching with alarm as their export industries are hit by falling world demand, causing factories to close, job markets to contract and unemployed immigrant labourers to flood back to the country villages from which they came. It is vital for the health of the world economy as a whole that China should continue to be an engine of global growth.

Threat or opportunity? Emphatically an opportunity. But China is simply too big and too proud to be an easy partner. It is determined to protect its own interests. It feels there is unfinished business where its national sovereignty is concerned – hence its past belligerence towards Taiwan and its

...Always a Caian 5 stubbornness over Tibet. Nonetheless these issues need not stop the international community from working to strengthen its dialogue with China: and China will respond provided it feels it is being treated with respect, on a basis of mutual interest.

Bridges over the Cam The bridges connecting China with the outside world have thus been rebuilt and strengthened to carry huge two-way traffic of every sort. The area of education is another where contacts have proliferated. Cambridge’s involvement with China goes back over a century: the first Professor of Chinese, Sir

most importantly, of course, through the work of Joseph Needham, a predecessor of mine as Master.

The West owes to Needham the first recognition of the extent to which its scientific and technological discoveries had been anticipated in China, often by hundreds of years. It has him to thank too for the first attempt to address the so-called “Needham Question” about China’s subsequent pause in development – why, despite its rich scientific past, did China miss out on the Industrial Revolution?

Needham brought to the College research assistants and visiting scholars from China

that aside, the lasting impression the Premier left was one of evident respect for Cambridge’s achievements and a strong endorsement of the University’s thriving partnerships in China.

There is no doubt that China will continue to play a crucial role in the world of the twenty-first century – in education, culture and science just as much as in global politics and economic management. The partnership that Cambridge has formed with the Chinese government and Chinese partner universities is an immensely promising one, and one that coincides with an important national interest.

And as before there is a part for Caius to play as a college with a special sympathy for China and a history of fruitful contacts.

On Leaving Cambridge

by Xu Zhimo

Sir Christopher (back row, second from left) with British Prime Minister, Tony Blair and Chinese Premier, Wen Jiabao.

Thomas Wade, was appointed in 1888 after a distinguished career as a diplomat (he had served, like me, as Chinese Secretary at the British Legation in Peking).

Until recently Chinese students at Cambridge were a rare and exotic species, but in the first half of the twentieth century a few did manage to leave their war-torn country and come to study. A young poet, Xu Zhimo, was at King’s College in 1921-2, and a poem of his, “On Leaving Cambridge” is known to every Chinese schoolchild. With its romantic evocation of willow leaves trailing in the river Cam it has shaped the dreams of successive generations of Chinese students. Since last year an inscribed marble boulder on the Backs, bearing lines from his poem, has become a new destination for the evergrowing crowds of Chinese tourists.

Over the past few years the trickle of Chinese coming to study and do research at Cambridge has turned into a flood – they have now overtaken the Americans to form the largest group of overseas students at the University. In Caius we can claim to have anticipated the trend in a number of ways;

who collaborated with him on his monumental work. Others have come on their own initiative – the current President of the College, Professor Yao Liang, as well as young researchers and undergraduates who find in the College a stimulating and welcoming environment. Further articles in this issue tell some of their stories.

After thirty years of China’s reform and opening, Cambridge University is engaged with China in innumerable ways. It oversees collaboration between faculties and individual academics, offers training for senior officials and business executives and engages in student exchanges. I am delighted to help the Vice-Chancellor with some of the official visitors that come her way: so again, as in Needham’s time, Chinese delegations troop through the Old Courts and Chinese visitors are welcomed to dine on High Table. The visit of Premier Wen Jiabao to Cambridge in February – undertaken despite snowy weather – took these exchanges to the highest level. It would be wrong to remember it solely for the discourteous act of a single protestor who interrupted his lecture by throwing a shoe:

Calligraphy by Madame Zhaolin Fang, mother of John Fang (1967), aunt of Professor Michael Fang (1963) and great aunt of Dr Christopher Fang (1991).

Xu Zhimo’s poem, which is known to every Chinese schoolchild, reflects the deep affection that many Chinese academics feel for Cambridge. An English translation may be found on page 37.

6 Once a Caian...

Joseph Needham (1918) Dan White

I

by Neil McKendrick (1958)

Annie Kwan

n 1971 I invited Joseph and Dophi Needham and Lu Gwei-Djen to dine with me at home to inspect a portrait drawing of Joseph by Michael Ayrton. The artist had recently offered it to me when the College Council declined to accept it. Following the dictum that all pictures are enhanced by a touch of red, I asked Joseph if he would be willing to embellish it with some of his favourite Chinese seals.

Joseph brought his collection of seals, tried out sixteen for me to choose from and then added the three I liked best to the portrait. He explained that the common theme to his collection of seals was the letter “J” and the use of the metaphor of the bridge between apparently opposing sides – so there were seals representing Joseph the bridge between Arts and Science, Joseph the bridge between East and West, Joseph the bridge between Capitalism and Communism, Joseph the bridge between Christianity and Taoism.

Revealingly, he explained that his inspiration to act as such a bridge was his experience as an only child living with, and trying to keep the peace between, his warring parents. His father, a successful Harley Street consultant, and his mother, a red-haired Irish writer of popular songs like Nellie Dean, were a particularly ill-matched pair. They found it so difficult to agree that they even insisted on calling their infant son by different first names. Fortunately he had four Christian names for them to choose from – Noel, Joseph, Terence and Montgomery. His father called him Noel. His mother called him Terence. Perhaps not surprisingly, in adulthood he chose to use one not favoured by either of them.

Joseph Needham’s passionate adherence to apparently contradictory sets of beliefs, and his lifelong ambition to bridge the yawning gap between them, could be traced, he said, to the painful tensions of his lonely childhood in a talented, wealthy but dysfunctional family. His mother was his father’s second wife. He married her after an acquaintanceship of only six weeks, and lived to regret the marriage for a further thirty tempestuous years. She was wildly extravagant with money, and much given to almighty tantrums replete with tears, screams and plate throwing – mainly directed at her husband.

Even more of his desire to conciliate

...Always a Caian 7

– The Bridge Builder between opposites could, in my opinion, be traced to the benign and inspiring influence of the delightful Lu Gwei-Djen, who was for half a century his colleague, his collaborator, his mistress and his muse. They were not able to marry until he was 88 and she was 85 but she played a huge role in his life and work. As she whispered to me, somewhat mischievously, at my portrait-embellishing dinner party – “Joseph may be the bridge between East and West, but I am the supporting arch”.

It is, perhaps, worth asking ourselves what manner of man it was who harboured such grand altruistic ambitions, what kind of work was it with which he hoped to bridge these great divisions, what success did he enjoy and how did the world recognise and applaud his efforts.

During his lifetime Joseph Needham was the very reverse of a celebrity. Judged in terms of name recognition he would have scored very modestly indeed, even amongst the educated elite. When he died, many among the chattering classes of London expressed amazement that they had remained wholly ignorant of this learned scholar who, they were now realising, was of such towering, almost unrivalled stature.

Auberon Waugh wrote an article “In praise of death” in The Daily Telegraph to admit that “before Joseph Needham, the Cambridge don and Morris dancer, died at the age of 94 this week, I am ashamed to admit that I had never heard of him. Nor had anyone else I asked. Perhaps he was known only in donnish and Morris dancing circles, chiefly in

Cambridge.” This was an absurd overstatement but it was not an atypical response to his death. The BBC initially reacted in not dissimilar fashion.

Waugh went on to argue that, by dying, Joseph Needham had shown “what a useful institution is death. Now Dr Needham’s achievement is remembered and assessed by millions of his fellow countrymen. Even had he lived another 200 years at Cambridge, still none of us would have heard of him. Now all our lives are enriched.”

The causes of this dramatic ascent to fame and recognition were his obituaries.

They really were quite remarkable – so remarkable that a reassessment of his importance was irresistible.

The Economist compared him as an historian with Gibbon. The New York Times compared the significance of his work with that of Darwin – as well as that of Gibbon.

The Daily Telegraph and The Independent compared him as a thinker (to Needham’s advantage) with Erasmus. Indeed The Independent went further by claiming that he had produced “the greatest work of scholarship by one person since Aristotle”.

In the company of such eulogies, The Guardian seemed to be almost restrained in judging him to be simply “one of the greatest Englishmen” of the twentieth century.

Other judgements called him “the Erasmus of the 20th century” and went on to say that with the passage of time “he will be recognised as a greater figure than the scholar from Rotterdam”. Perhaps the most remarkable tribute was the one that included the sentence “With the death of Dr Needham the world of learning has lost one of the greatest scholars of this or any country, of this or any century”.

It was, of course, his huge multi-volume treatise on Science and Civilisation in China which largely inspired such outstanding tributes, but it is important to realise that there was a Needham B.C. – a Needham before China.

We must not overlook that he had been a brilliant scientist before he became an historian of such highly acclaimed achievements. As a biochemist he published early and prolifically. He was elected into a Fellowship at Caius at the age of 23. He published his first book before he was 25. He published a three-volume magnum opus on Chemical Embryology by the time he was thirty. As a result he was given a Readership

at Cambridge by the age of 32 and was made a Fellow of the Royal Society at the remarkably early age of 40.

His reputation as a scientist of great distinction seemed beyond doubt. His future in biochemistry seemed assured. When his second major work had been published in his late thirties, a reviewer at Harvard, who of course could know nothing of what was still to come, declared that this work, Biochemistry and Morphogenesis, “will go down in the annals of science as Joseph Needham’s magnum opus, destined to take its place as one of the most truly epochmaking books in biology since Charles Darwin”. His work as an embryologist was later held by some to have anticipated the discovery of DNA by two decades.

Such achievements as a biochemist make his future work as an historian of China all the more remarkable. In the middle of his scientific career, under the influence of Lu Gwei-Djen, he suddenly began his great love affair with the language and history and science and civilisation of China.

He already knew seven European languages but now he taught himself to read Chinese and taught himself to write it. He was determined to understand its scientific and technological past. So began a study of breathtaking scope and ambition. It now amounts to twenty-four massive volumes.

It has succeeded in revolutionizing our assessment of China’s scientific achievements – and, in consequence, has dramatically changed our attitude to the achievements of Western science.

When, in the seventeenth century, Francis Bacon famously declared that nothing had changed the world more profoundly than Western Europe’s three great inventions – gunpowder, printing and the compass – he and his contemporaries had no idea that all three of these great breakthroughs had been invented and successfully employed many centuries before in China.

Needham was to discover far more than this. Sent by the British Government on a diplomatic mission to China in 1943 to help to sustain the universities of China from the occupying Japanese forces, he used his time to amass an astonishing store of research materials. They were to prove the basis of the rest of his life’s work. From these original continued overleaf

8 Once a Caian... compared with Proust’s multi-volume À la Recherche du Temps Perdu because “both Proust and Needham have made of remembrance an act both of moral justice and of high art”. Needham, he felt, was “literally recomposing an ancient China, a China forgotten in some degree by Chinese scholars themselves and all but ignored by the West”. In Steiner’s judgement: “The alchemists and metal-workers, the surveyors and court astronomers, the mystics and military engineers of a lost world come to life, through an intensity of recapture, of empathic insight which is the attribute of a great historian, but even more of a great artist”.

of course have received the Order of Merit – I have known several very worthy historians who were awarded that supreme honour who were not remotely as distinguished as Needham.

However, considering how he was virtually shunned at one time in his own College, was at times deeply unpopular in the Department of Biochemistry, was denied admission to the United States for many years and was held in great suspicion by much of the British Establishment, he ended his life pretty adequately garlanded with honours. His College made him first President and then Master, his University gave him an Honorary Degree, which is its Yao Liang

sources, he managed, in Simon Winchester’s recent judgement, “almost overnight and almost single-handedly” to replace “the dismissive ignorance with which China had long been viewed” with “a sense of respect, amazement and awe”.

The change in attitude was nothing like so dramatic or so quick. Not everyone accepted uncritically Needham’s initial claims. But, as the successive volumes issued from the press, the weight of evidence (and the range, depth and antiquity of the inventiveness it revealed) gradually assumed a magisterial authority that could not lightly be dismissed.

The Chinese had got there first not only in inventing gunpowder, printing and the compass, but had also done so with nearly three hundred other useful inventions. They included the abacus, asbestos, the belt drive, blast furnaces, ball bearings, callipers, cast iron, the chain drive, the crossbow, flamethrowers, gear wheels, the harness, lacquer, extendable ladders, leeboards and centre boards, porcelain, powered flight, rotary fans, seawalls, seismographs, silk spinning, smallpox inoculation, the spindle wheel, steroids, the stirrup, tea, tilthammers, and many, many more. Chinese inventiveness also encompassed many lighthearted ideas – chess, umbrellas, wheelbarrows, toilet paper, wallpaper, kites, fireworks, fishing reels, and the weather vane – but the inventions that must have especially lifted Joseph Needham’s spirits were those relating to bridges: the segmental arched bridge, the releasable bridge and the iron-chain suspension bridge.

As Needham wrote of these Chinese inventions “The mere fact of seeing them listed brings home to one the astonishing inventiveness of the Chinese people”. It was by then difficult to disagree.

Some had thought it. Voltaire had said it (“Four thousand years ago, when we couldn’t even read, the Chinese knew all the absolutely useful things we boast about today”). Now Needham had proved it. With an astonishing array of detailed scholarship he had systematically charted, dated and evidenced the amazing achievements of Chinese science.

It was no longer simply collegiate pride that was growing with each new volume. As Needham repeated his characteristic ritual of trundling a trolley loaded with the completed typescript of each huge volume through the Gate of Honour and along King’s Parade to the Press, the scholarly world at large was also increasingly taking notice. Not only historians and sinologists had to revise their views. Even literary critics were beginning to react – and in a very positive way. George Steiner said that Needham’s books could be favourably

Portrait of Joseph Needham by Michael Ayrton.

Not everyone climbed on to the bandwagon. Astonishingly, Needham was never offered a professorship in Cambridge – neither the Faculty of History nor the Historians of Science nor the Faculty of Oriental Studies ever proposed him for a personal chair. Remarkably, he had to wait until he was in his seventies to get his FBA. Even more remarkably, he was offered no national gong until he was 90. He could not resist saying “And about time too” when he went to Buckingham Palace to collect his CH or what he called his “failed OM”. He should

highest accolade, and American universities added their tributes too. Not surprisingly China gave him the highest honour it could give to someone who was not a Head of State.

When he ended his life as Joseph Needham, C.H., F.R.S., F.B.A., Hon. Litt .D, he was the only person in the country who could boast that constellation of awards.

It is a poignant footnote to the world of honours to note that the Marxist couple, Joseph and Dophi Needham, could legitimately boast that they were the first

...Always a Caian 9 married couple to be Fellows of the Royal Society since Queen Victoria and Prince Albert held honorary versions of that signal honour.

It is even more poignant that Dr Lu Gwei-Djen (the self-proclaimed “arch beneath the bridge between East and West”, and in some ways “the onlie begetter of the great work” and certainly the co-author of much of it) died with no honours at all.

What mattered most to them, however, was the knowledge that they had been involved in the production of a majestic work of pioneering scholarship. They had helped to produce one of the scholarly glories of the twentieth century.

It has to be admitted that Needham was not the saintly character that some of his admirers liked to think. Faced with a man who had published over 100 books, who was responsible for putting the S for Science into UNESCO, whose scholarship was so original and so vast, it is understandable that many academics wished to cast him as an unblemished hero. Indeed it was difficult not to be so bowled over by his achievements, so humbled by his stamina, so astonished by his photographic memory, so amazed by the range of his gifts and so dazzled by his intellectual accomplishments that one was blinded to his many flaws. But flaws there certainly were.

Like many great men he had what his friends regarded as forgivable peccadilloes and his enemies called unforgivable character flaws.

It cannot be denied that Joseph made some major errors of judgement and provided his enemies with ample ammunition with which to attack him, but this is not the place to rehearse that evidence or to examine his many faults.

Choo Liang

Above: Joseph Needham with his second wife, Dr Lu Gwei-Djen, after their wedding in the Caius Chapel in September 1989.

Choo Liang

Left: Joseph Needham with his first wife, Dr Dorothy Needham, after the onset of her debilitating Alzheimer’s Disease.

When he died, many of the yawning divisions that Joseph Needham had hoped to bridge were still very far from being harmoniously healed. He could reasonably claim, however, to have made a major contribution to a better mutual understanding between some of them. His work had already done much to banish centuries of Western ignorance about Chinese science and technology. As the knowledge of his work seeped ever further out into the educated world it promised to build more of the bridges of reciprocal comprehension he worked so hard to achieve.

And the Needham legacy lives on. In K2, Caius Court, the room now occupied by Stephen Hawking (1965) there is a pleasing tribute to the immortality of Joseph’s influence and the survival of his work. On the ancient panelling there is an elegant fourcharacter Chinese aphorism. It can be translated as “The Man departs – there remains his Shadow”.

Needham’s shadow – his intellectual legacy – will certainly survive in Caius and in Cambridge. Let us hope that it will survive in the world at large and will help to heal some of the divisions that still plague our lives. It would be an apt posthumous exercise in the bridge building to which Needham so ardently aspired.

As the Chinese economy dramatically expands and China moves forward to its seemingly inevitable position as the world’s greatest power, the reputation of Joseph Needham (or of Li Yue-se as he is known in China) will surely be cherished and revered. After all, he was the man who first trumpeted to the world China’s once preeminent scientific achievements and forced China to question why it had not done more to exploit their economic potential.

10 Once a Caian...

B

Our

President Interview by Mick Le Moignan (2004)

Dan White

arack Obama’s rise from poverty and obscurity to the Presidency of the United States is encouraging evidence that talent and tenacity can make anything possible. The story of our own President’s journey from equally humble origins to a position of great academic eminence is almost as remarkable.

Professor Yao Liang (1963) was born at Palembang in Sumatra on 23 September 1940, the fourth and youngest child of a Singapore-born Chinese father and an Indonesia-born Chinese mother. Both were originally teachers but his father then worked at the Dutch petroleum refinery at Palembang and rose to become Chief Cashier.

When the Japanese invaded Sumatra in 1943, the Liangs had to escape to Java to avoid internment and almost certain death. On the instruction of the Dutch owners, Yao’s father and others had tried to blow up the refinery, but having never handled explosives, caused only minor damage. The job was eventually completed by another Caian, David Foster (1938), who led the Fleet Air Arm’s bombing raid in 1944 (See Once a Caian… Issue 3, page 12.)

After the War, Yao attended primary school in Jakarta but preferred play to study, regularly failed exams, came bottom of the class and twice had to change schools to avoid being kept in the year below! But in his final year, he met the first of the “protectors” with whom he feels his life has been blessed: Mr Li taught mathematics and chemistry and miraculously inspired in young Yao a liking for “the discipline of thought that is the basis of all sciences”. Mr Li also taught him at Ba Zhong secondary school, where Yao confounded his earlier academic record by coming top of the class for six years in a row!

Ba Zhong was a “leftist” school: successful pupils were expected to go to Communist China, where higher education was free, and to contribute to the development of the motherland. Yao’s sisters and brother were in China already, but he saw signs of struggle, imperfect leaders and cracks in the system and wondered about going elsewhere to study. America was not an option, being far too expensive and disliked for its culture and imperialism. “Materialism was a dirty word and we thought there was no spirit in American life.”

An older school friend was studying at Battersea College, London and suggested coming to England. Yao had a British passport, thanks to his Singaporean father, and his parents encouraged him to go: “Although they hadn’t quite figured out how to find the money, they promised to support me!”

In England, in September 1958, his friend introduced him to a former student at the

...Always a Caian 11

Portsmouth College of Arts and Technology, who had broken the College record by passing four Science “A” levels with Distinction. Yao’s new friend took him there, the next day, to meet the Head of Physics. Assuming that every educated person could read Chinese, Yao handed over his school papers. The Head of Physics scanned them thoughtfully, then asked his companion: “Is he as good as you?” – “Oh, yes!” came the answer – so Yao was in!

At this stage, he could not understand the lectures, answer questions or write up reports of experiments. “The saving grace was that I had a good grounding from my Indonesian school and I’d brought my Chinese text-books. I taught myself English by translating them!”

Two young teachers had a particular impact on him and protected him, Mr Likely in Maths and Harry Howarth in Physics. Yao was delighted last year to receive a letter from Mr Howarth’s widow, Gill, who had spotted his name in a copy of Once a Caian… that she had been lent by her Caian brother-in-law, Peter Joseph Bulman (1955).

In due course, Yao completed his “A” and S” levels with results that vindicated the promise his friend made on his behalf two years earlier and won a place at Imperial College, London, to read Physics. Yao said “Physics examiners must be generous people: they give students like me the benefit of the doubt when they don’t quite understand what was written in the script.”

At ICL, the pattern was repeated: “I was just not good enough at English to write long

reports.” By the third year, it was obvious that he should do Theoretical Physics, since there would be no experiments to write up, and he justified his selection by getting a First. He was delighted to be offered a PhD place at Manchester and went to enrol, but a letter from Philip Bowden (1926), then Director of the Physics and Chemistry of Solids at the Cavendish, changed everything. When Yao told his supervisor-to-be in Manchester that he had been invited to visit the world’s top Physics Department in Cambridge, he said “I know them: you’re not coming back!”

And so it turned out. Yao remembers Philip Bowden as “a very slick operator – and very authoritative.” He introduced Yao to

12

several distinguished scientists at the Cavendish, wined and dined him at the Arts Theatre and when Yao mentioned his PhD place at Manchester, simply sat him down and asked him to write something on a piece of paper: “Just write this down: ‘Dear Dr Bowden, I’m very pleased to accept your offer.’ Now write your name. That’s fine.” Yao said: “I thought it was a dictation, a way of testing my English. But then he put his arm round my shoulders and showed me to the door, saying ‘Now you need a College!’”

Bowden directed him to “N” staircase, Tree Court, to see Freddie Stopp (1958), the Senior Tutor, then phoned ahead to make sure Stopp would accept this reluctant Caian.

After the formalities, Freddie looked out of the window and pointed to K1: “That’s where Dr Needham works.” “Who’s he?” enquired Yao. Installed at the Cavendish in October 1963, Yao met perhaps the greatest of all his life-long “protectors”, his PhD supervisor, Abe Yoffe: “Right from the start, I felt I had found my mentor.”

As one of the first occupants of Harvey Court, Yao found Caius a very strange place.

“I was amazed at how friendly people were and how willing to help. The friendliness gave me the confidence to reach out to people.

Hostel life had been very lonely and I had my mind on my work. At Caius, for the first time, I had to try speaking English properly, in a group of ten or twenty people in the BAs’ Room (now the MCR) after dinner. And the most wonderful aspect was getting to know people other than physicists, people from different countries and different disciplines.

I found myself invited to tea and sherry by total strangers – who turned out to be my Tutor, the Physics Fellows and the legendary Mrs Roughton (a local lady GP who tried to make sure that Chinese students were not too homesick, especially at Christmas and Chinese New Year). I had a lot to learn, quickly."

Caius became his spiritual home and has remained so: “I’m not a man with plans, still less ambition: I’m just interested in what I’m

doing, and I had everything I needed for my research right here. And those were the golden days of solid state physics, in that so much was yet to be discovered.” In 1968, a chance conversation with John Casey (1964) planted the idea of a Research Fellowship, but first Yao had to ask Abe Yoffe what it was!

The Fellowship gave him the financial security he needed to marry the girl he had been courting for four years, the beautiful Choo, who provided him with three lovely daughters. Although he was still doubtful about his English, Yoffe “pushed me out into the world to give papers at international conferences. Abe could have done it much better himself, but he thought it would be good for me. Then I began to realize I was one of the small group of people at the forefront of semi-conductor physics, trying to develop a better understanding of the materials used in hi-tech electronics, not only transistors for radios but integrated circuits eventually used in miniaturization for

...Always a Caian 13

computers, mobile phones, digital cameras, etc.”

His areas of research changed over the next four decades: he looked into band structure (how electrons are distributed in different materials to make them a metal, a semi-conductor or an insulator). Then he tried to develop thin film secondary solidstate batteries (rechargeable batteries on chips) – an idea where the physics has succeeded, (i.e. it works in the lab), but which technology has not yet perfected for commercial use. In 1987 came the discovery of “High Temperature Superconductivity”.

This meant lab work with liquid nitrogen (minus 196°C.) instead of liquid helium (minus 269°C.). Only a physicist would consider that a high temperature!

In 1988, Yao was appointed Director of the Inter-disciplinary Research Centre (IRC) in Superconductivity, which began ten years of much pressure and little sleep in a new

building in West Cambridge where the lights were never turned off! In 1994, he was appointed to the new Chair of Superconductivity, established for one tenure only. Before he retired from the University in 2007, he headed the Shoenberg Lab for Quantum Matter at the Cavendish, (named after Dr David Shoenberg (1947)) where he turned his attention to materials that change states near the Absolute Zero, the so-called Quantum Phase Transition.

In 2005, the Fellows of Caius chose him as their President. Initially he was unsure but once elected, he threw himself into it with great energy. The President has to fulfill a dual role of providing support to the Master and representing the interests of the Fellowship. It helps to have a broad knowledge of the College, Fellows, students and staff.

On top of all this, for the past four years

he has been pestered constantly by unreasonable requests and demands for photographs from a bothersome Editor of Once a Caian… Yao has responded with unfailing good humour, exceptional skills with both his camera and his computer and total determination to do anything in his power to improve the magazine or benefit the College.

The bothersome Editor and Caians at large owe him a considerable debt of gratitude.

Photographs above (clockwise, from top left) Yao Liang with his Cambridge supervisor, Abe Yoffe; Yao with Edward Teller, one of the architects of the Atomic Bomb, and Nevill Mott (1930); at work at the IRC in Superconductivity; lecturing to the Caius MCR; Yao and Choo Liang; lecturing at Caius; Yao with Nevill Mott; Choo Liang with their three daughters on Jesus Green.

14 Once a Caian...

Yao Liang

A packed house of Fellows and students in the Bateman Auditorium listens to the John Haines College Lecturer, Dr David Summers (1974), introducing the College’s latest Nobel Laureate, Professor Roger Tsien (1977). There were no empty seats – the two that are apparently vacant were reserved for Dr Summers and the President, who was taking this photograph!

Yao Liang

Nobel Prize for Roger Tsien (1977)

by Mick Le Moignan (2004)

C

hours of 8 October 2008 which brought news of his Nobel Prize. The vital difference between the two, he says, is that: “A Research Fellowship is a promise for the future rather than recognition of the past.”

He believes that many of the most

Professor Jeremy Sanders: “Roger decided that it was important to know the concentration of calcium in cells, and he had an entirely novel idea about how to measure it,” said Professor Sanders. “His idea was to design a molecule that could get into cells and change colour when it contacted calcium ions. It was a brilliant conception, combining chemistry and biology. He made the compound in Chemistry, then he went back to Physiology and proved his idea worked.

Roger’s original compound and its descendants have transformed our understanding of cell biology. He has continued his work in this area, and is an inspiration to everyone who reads his work or hears him speak.”

After leaving Cambridge, Roger moved back to the USA and is now based at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the University of California in San Diego, where he transferred his attention from calcium to the remarkable, brightly glowing Green Fluorescent Protein, GFP. Yao Liang

aian audiences at Annual Gatherings and other College events are usually delighted to hear that Caians have won as many Nobel Prizes as Russia.

Until last year, the score stood at 11-all, but the award of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Professor Roger Tsien (1977) and two other scientists has once again given the College a slender lead in this rather unequal contest.

Roger Tsien spent four years at Caius as a Comyns Berkeley Research Fellow and is still enormously grateful to the College for supporting him at a crucial time and for the opportunity it gave him to work on his own initiative, after completing his first degree at Harvard and a PhD at Churchill College, Cambridge.

The essence of a Research Fellowship, he says, is “being given enough rope either to hang yourself or to climb up!” He still has dreams in which he is still a Research Fellow and remembers this personal landmark nearly as vividly as the telephone call in the early

important scientific discoveries of the future will be found in the territory crossing between two or more different disciplines. At Cambridge, he was officially attached to the Physiological Laboratory but spent much of his time working in the Department of Chemistry, where he was supervised by

...Always a Caian 15 Tsien Lab

but learned it phonetically. Over the past 27 years, he has enjoyed reciting it from memory as a party trick. It was, he says, “ingrained over four years of uncomprehending listening while my neurons were still young enough to learn stuff like that.”

He also recalls his first after-dinner visit to the Panelled Combination Room, where, as the Junior Fellow present, it was his duty to record each glass of port, claret or dessert wine taken by himself and his colleagues.

After one such evening, he made a conscious decision to say he was “going back to the Lab” after dining at High Table, whether or not he actually did so!

Roger Tsien’s visit and his lecture were hugely inspiring to all who were fortunate enough to attend. He closed with six characteristically practical pieces of advice for Yao Liang Tsien Lab

From top: Computer simulation of GFP crystal structure.

Left to right: Professor Christine Holt (1997), Dr Anne Lyon (2001), Professor Roger Tsien (1977), Sophie Robinson (2006), Professor Bill Harris, Dide Siemmond (2006).

The extended palette of fluorescent proteins, now in more colours than a rainbow.

Below: Agar plate of fluorescent bacteria colonies arranged in a fanciful beach scene.

Tsien Lab

The Nobel Prize was given to reward the discovery of GFP and a series of major developments which have led to its use as a tagging tool in molecular biology. GFP was first observed in the beautiful jellyfish, Aequorea victoria in 1962. Since then, it has become vitally important to bioscience, allowing researchers to watch processes that were previously invisible, such as nerve cell damage in the brain during Alzheimer’s or the spread of cancer cells.

There are tens of thousands of different proteins in each living organism, controlling chemical processes in minute detail. If this protein machinery malfunctions, illness and disease often follow. So it is imperative for bioscience to map the roles of different proteins in the body. Researchers can now connect GFP to other interesting but otherwise invisible proteins. The glowing marker allows them to watch the movements, positions and interactions of the tagged proteins.

The Nobel Prize was shared with two other US-based scientists: Osamu Shimomura, who first isolated GFP from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and discovered that it glowed bright green under ultraviolet light, and Martin Chalfie, who demonstrated the value of GFP as a luminous genetic tag for various biological phenomena.

Roger Tsien contributed to the understanding of how GFP fluoresces and extended the colour palette beyond green, allowing researchers to give various proteins and cells different colours, which enables them to follow several different biological processes at the same time.

Professor Tsien came back to Caius on 16 January 2009, for the first time since he was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the College last year. He gave a highly entertaining, informal lecture in a packed Bateman Auditorium, completely winning over his audience of students and Fellows with a whimsical, self-deprecating account of his own life and work, reflecting on how things have changed since he was “sprinkled with Swedish fairy-dust”!

He was the first member of his family to be born after his parents moved from China to New York. There was a strong family tradition in engineering: the best-known member was his father’s cousin, who directed the Chinese ballistic missile programme during the Cold War. Roger’s own preference had always been for chemistry: as an allergic child in New Jersey, he recalls watching his father digging weeds by hand from their lawn and says he always wanted to spray them with herbicide from sufficient distance to avoid their pollen!

One of his clearest memories of Caius is the Latin Grace, “Benedic, Domine, nobis...”

He didn’t really understand what it meant,

aspiring young scientific researchers: 1. Try to put your neuroses to constructive use.

2. Try to find projects that give you some sensual pleasure.

3. Accept that your batting average will be low – but hopefully not zero!

4. Learn to make lemonade from lemons – sometimes persistence pays off.

5. Find the right collaborators and exploit them kindly for mutual benefit.

6. Prizes are ultimately a matter of luck, so avoid being motivated or impressed by them!

Roger Tsien clearly still feels a great affection for Caius: “The College took a risk on me and I appreciated it!” As a tangible expression of his gratitude, he has generously decided to leave a significant legacy to Caius in his will, to help to give similar opportunities to the brightest young students of the future.

So Russia had better look to its laurels!

16 Once a Caian...

Chi C hina Ch Chin China

c co com come comes t to

C Ca Cai Caiu Caius Choo Liang

Joseph Needham and Lu Gwei-Djen with Tien Chin Ts’ao on his return visit to Caius in 1986.

Tien Chin Ts’ao with Yao Liang in Thaxted Church.

Tien Chin C Ca Cai Caiu Caius C Ch Chi Chin China – A Beacon of This statue of Tien Chin Ts’ao and Xide Xie in the Memorial Park in Shanghai is evidence of how highly their scientific achievements are still regarded in China.

g go goe goes Ts’ao t (1946) to

T

ien Chin Ts’ao (Pinyin Chinese: Cao Tian Qin ) came to Caius in 1946 as an affiliated student to read biochemistry.

After obtaining a First class degree, he embarked on research into muscle protein structure. Upon completion of his PhD in 1951, he was elected to a Drosier Research Fellowship, the first Chinese to achieve that distinction at Caius.

Tien Chin was born and grew up in Peking (Beijing). He was admitted to Yenching ( ) University, Peking, to read chemistry at the outbreak of the SinoJapanese war. Yenching, an elite institution with a close association with Harvard, became part of Peking University in 1952. The war meant that the University moved to temporary sites several times and Tien Chin ended up graduating in 1944 as a chemist from Chengtu ( ), 218 miles north-west of the wartime capital Chungking (Chong Qing ). In those days Chengtu-Chungking

Choo Liang

Bioscience

by Yao Liang (1963) was a hotbed of the finest intellects of China, and many postwar leaders in science and letters could trace their roots there. Even more significantly, Tien Chin was introduced to Joseph Needham (1918) after graduating and became Needham’s personal secretary and assistant for nearly two years, travelling widely in China. His contact with Dorothy Needham at this time evidently ignited his interest in biochemistry.

Throughout his secondary school and universities (Yenching and Cambridge), he was separated from his childhood sweetheart Xide Xie ( ), who later played a pivotal role in establishing solid-state physics and surface science research in China, as well as in education. But they met again briefly and got engaged in 1946 before they both went to study abroad, Tien Chin to Cambridge and Xide to Smith College, Massachusetts. In 1952, after obtaining her PhD from MIT, Xide came to Cambridge and early that summer, they were married at the ancient parish

church in Thaxted, south of Cambridge, before journeying back to China. There is no real surprise in the choice of Thaxted; founded in 1340, eight years earlier than Gonville Hall, it was the favourite church of Joseph Needham for its Morris dancing and for its Anglo-Catholic Marxist Vicar, the Revd Jack Putterill.

Tien Chin based his professional research career entirely in Shanghai, first as a Research Fellow at the Institute of Biochemistry, where he rose to become its Director, followed by various high offices of the Chinese Academy of Sciences including the Presidency of the Shanghai branch of the Academy. As soon as China opened up in the early nineteen-eighties, until his paralyzing illness in 1987, he took an active part in the international bioscience community. In 1983 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering. His sense of humour, wit, generosity and intellect won

...Always a Caian 17

Lord Bauer’s Legacy

P

eter Bauer (1934) came to Cambridge from Hungary with very little English and even less money and succeeded in becoming one of the most respected economists of his generation. When he died in May 2002, shortly after winning the first Milton Friedman (1953) Prize for Advancing Liberty, he left a substantial bequest to fund scholarships and bursaries for undergraduates and graduates “to whom funding would not otherwise be available”.

Bauer was conscious of his debt to those who had supported him during his early days at Caius and wanted to do the same for gifted young people in the next generation, even though he himself would never meet them. Unusually, to maximize the impact of his gift, he stipulated that both the capital and the interest should be spent within a few years of his death.

He wished the scholarships to commemorate two exceptional friends and colleagues, Richard Goode (1934), a Spitfire pilot who was killed in action in World War Two at the age of 25, and Sir Ronald Fisher (1909), the celebrated statistician and biologist, winner of the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1955 and President of Caius from 1956 to 1959. Lord Bauer’s executors have agreed that a bursary or scholarship awarded from the fund should also bear his own name.

Last year, the Fisher and Goode Bursaries were both awarded to Chinese students of Engineering, Andrea An (2004) and Qi Tu (2004), to help with the costs of their fourth year of study at Caius. Their Tutor, Dr Dino Giussani (1996) said: “As a tutor, I was very fortunate to get to know Andrea and Qi very well during the 4 years of their course. They were a breath of fresh air, a joy to work with and they will both be wonderful ambassadors for Caius and the University in what are certain to be careers full of distinction.”

Both students graduated in June 2008 and their parents made the journey from China specially to attend both the College’s May Week Party and their children’s Graduation. Andrea is now working for a marketing company in London. Qi is still at Caius, studying for a PhD. Andrea and Qi are the latest to benefit from the Caius tradition, begun by Joseph Needham (1918) and continuing to the present day, of welcoming the very brightest Chinese scholars into our community.

Mick Le Moignan

him many friends and great respect outside China. It is said that international conferences often turned quickly into Ts’ao symposia in his presence.

He made groundbreaking contributions in several areas of biochemical and physiological research. His discovery, in Cambridge, of the light and heavy chain structure of myosin has developed into a major discipline and he was also responsible for the earliest application of fluorescence polarization technique to study muscle protein. All this led to him being accredited as ‘Mr Tropomyosin’. His work on the muscle structure of the Han mummy (c. 100 AD), excavated in 1973 at Mawangdui ( ), was an important contribution to bio-archaeological science.

He was also among the first to investigate plant diseases at a molecular level. This led to the discovery of a number of plant disease pathogens and the identification of new domestic plant viruses or strains of viruses. He headed a small team of research workers and started to explore techniques for insulin synthesis in 1958. They succeeded in November 1965 and the full publication of their results took place in April 1966, which appears to be months ahead of similar work in the West.

The synthesis of bovine insulin is one of few scientific breakthroughs to come out of China during this period of extreme social and economic difficulty. Sadly, political interference and the poor communications of Chinese science with the outside world prevented its ready recognition at the time.

Tien Chin and his wife paid a heavy toll during the ‘Cultural Revolution’ between 1966 and 1976. It was bad enough for both of them to have come from longestablished, intellectual families and to have held responsible positions before this tragic period. Their association with the West and with Joseph Needham added to their ‘misdeeds’; they were branded as working for foreign spies. He was subjected to physical punishment that produced permanent injuries to his neck and may have contributed to his accident and illness in 1987. His wife had an operation for breast cancer in early 1966 and also suffered from long-term neglect of her illness. It was only after the direct intervention of Premier Chou Enlai in 1972 that Tien Chin was relieved of heavy labour and given the lighter work of packing coal bricks in his own Institute. This continued to the end of the ‘Cultural Revolution’.

Tien Chin Ts’ao was a beacon of bioscience in 20th century China. Despite his untimely illness and the political turmoil he experienced, his was a most remarkable achievement and he left the world many lasting legacies.

Left to Right: Min Zhou and Yinping Tu, proud parents, with their son, Qi Tu (2004), the President, Professor Yao Liang (1963), the Master, Sir Christopher Hum (2005), Andrea An (2004) and her equally proud parents, Baoding An and Hongwei An, in front of the Gate of Honour on Graduation Day, 2008.

a C a n s i h u i C a Ca in 18 Once a Caian...

Ch

A rare photograph of the pack of press photographers, seen from Stephen’s point of view.

Judith Croasdell

com to comes Science to China to

P

rofessor Stephen Hawking (1965), one of the most widely travelled members of the Caius Fellowship, is greeted wherever he goes by a pack of press photographers and journalists and, more often than not, huge audiences of wildly enthusiastic students.

In June 2006, he attended the International Conference on String Theory and gave his public lecture on The Origins of the Universe in the Great Hall of the People, which seats over 10,000. A team of Chinese wrestlers were on hand to carry his wheelchair up the steep steps of The Altar of Heaven. Earlier they had carried him into a special opening ceremony for the new Scented Garden pavilion in the Forbidden City.

Stephen’s personal assistant, Judith Croasdell, who has travelled all over the world with him, remembers the Beijing press conference.

Someone asked Stephen what sort of person he was and he replied: “I am optimistic, romantic and stubborn!” Another questioner asked how his Motor Neurone Disease affected his ability to work. Stephen answered: “Although my body is very limited, my mind is free to explore the universe, back to the beginning of time – and into black holes. There are no limits to the human spirit. I still have many things I want to achieve.

When we lose our dreams we die.”

s u i Ca s u i a C In China as elsewhere, wherever Stephen Hawking goes, he is the focus of attention.

a n i Ch a n i h C

goes to goes to

Judith Croasdell

A Buddhist text inscribed for and to Jeremy Prynne

by Vice-President Jiang Hong-xin of Hunan Normal University in Changsha.

r-

ola by a sch Prynne ince. y m re to Je Prov d given Yunnan ribed an orth-western c s in t p ri N ritual sc ty peoples, in ri graphic A picto the Naxi mino f priest o

...Always a Caian 19

Caius to Hong Kong Arun Nigam

Hong Kong Caians at one of their regular dinners in January 2008.

E

very other year, the Master and the Director of Development visit Hong Kong, where an increasingly loyal and enthusiastic group of Caians who live and work in China hold regular get-togethers. Since 2004, a lunch or dinner has been hosted by the Hong Kong Caians during the visit, at which the Master presents a brief report on current activities at College.

In 2008, there was also a magnificent dinner for all Members of the Court of Benefactors in the region, kindly hosted by Oliver Bolitho (1987). In view of the popularity of this event, it is planned to make a dinner for Members of the Court of Benefactors a regular feature of future visits.

The Caians based in Hong Kong and China are well-known for their strong support for the College and 2008 was no exception. Three particularly generous donations were made, by Nick Sallnow-Smith (1969), Raymond Leung (1986) and Paul Rhodes (1996), a nephew of the Senior Fellow, Michael Prichard (1950). Nick Sallnow-Smith has pledged to give ÂŁ300,000 to endow a College Lectureship in Philosophy in perpetuity.

The Master and the Director of Development are planning to visit Hong Kong and Beijing in the Spring of 2010. They would be delighted to hear from any Caians who would like to join in the festivities.

Poetry to China

J

eremy Prynne (1962) will always be remembered at Caius for his heroic and uncompromising leadership in transforming the Cockerell Building into what is arguably the finest College Library in Cambridge. He insists that his professional staff did all the serious work!

He has now retired as Librarian and Director of Studies in English but remains a Life Fellow and continues to play an active part in College life as well as pursuing his many research interests, including his connection with China.

He has long been interested in Chinese literature and historical culture, having been encouraged originally by Laurence Picken, the great Cambridge scholar of early Chinese music. Jeremy first visited China in 1986 and since then has made many further visits, chiefly as a teacher of English and American literature; three of these visits were sixmonths attachments to major universities there.

He is currently Guest Professor at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou (Canton), and the Curator of their English Poetry Studies Institute (EPSI) Library, which is used by an extremely talented sequence of

doctoral candidates in this highly specialised field. He has established numerous friendships with poets and scholars in many parts of China, and a series of Chinese students and visiting scholars have spent studytime here in Cambridge under his guidance.

Of course, they were pleased and proud to be associated in this way with the College of Joseph Needham (1918), Master of Caius from 1966 to 1976 and famous all over China. These contacts have enabled Jeremy to form many insights into China's recent social and political history, from the inside as well as from the outside, and to study their ancient and modern arts of poetry.

In this way there has been a flourishing connection, over several generations, between teaching and research in the humanities as pursued in some Chinese universities and as extended and developed here in Cambridge; the Caius Library has assisted a regular line of visitors and has earned from them the most devoted admiration.

During Jeremy’s travels in various regions of China he has acquired many works of calligraphy which have nourished his interest in this complex and inspiring tradition. Although modern China is forging ahead with rapid technical advancement, he is pleased to see that its commitment to the study of poetry and ancient text traditions remains as strong as ever.

Yao Liang

20 Once a Caian...

Mick Le Moignan

Capitalising on Carbon Mike Richards (1981) interviewed by David Elstein (1961) David Elstein with Mike Richards at Carbon Capital’s London offices.

M

ike Richards is a man with a mission. Few people are as closely involved in the delivery of renewable energy resources around the world. His many activities could well deliver him a substantial fortune in the coming years (with a sizeable dividend for Caius, but more about that later). He is a Caius engineer by training, but his life had long before been shaped by his father’s forestry experience in preindependence Tanzania.

As a child – the youngest of four – Mike could see how his father’s wattle production helped the local communities in Tanzania, by providing an income for the local farmers who grew wattle and sold the bark for processing, whilst using the wood for their family’s fuel needs. Yet for all the international praise heaped upon President Julius Nyerere for his socialist idealism, newly-independent Tanzania showed its nationalist claws by seizing foreign firms, leaving the Richards family almost penniless.

They fetched up in Southend, where Mike’s father found work with Securicor.

Undeterred – if anything, inspired – by the pain of upheaval and dispossession, Mike spent his gap year after leaving the local grammar school, Southend High School for Boys, studying how to set up a sugar industry in Tanzania, and devoted his Cambridge engineering degree project to deforestation.

His main academic influence at Caius was Dr John Thwaites (1966), who later turned his hand to researching the relationship between textiles and the structure of DNA. After graduating, Mike joined Mars as a production engineer, then studied for an MBA, and became a management consultant, working initially for Booz Allen. He spent 10 years as a consultant, mainly in Nigeria, helping Shell clean up over 2,000

contaminated sites. This experience gave him an early grounding in the politics of environmentalism.

Surprisingly, or perhaps not, in the dispute between Shell and Greenpeace he came out strongly against the lobbyists, dismayed by their weak science and dubious posturing. The sight of Jesse Jackson grandstanding on a piece of derelict land that had nothing whatever to do with Shell was part of what persuaded him that actions speak louder than words. For all his powerful condemnation of misguided political initiatives in response to global warming, and his view that climate change is a nonsense industry, he wastes no time on advocacy, and instead uses his skills to demonstrate how carbon emissions can be reduced massively and cheaply, with a minimum of consumer pain.

Jatropha – green biofuel of the future.

In Richards’ view, the true clean-up costs from oil exploration in Nigeria should have been around $10 million, rather than the $2 billion+ proposed by environmentalists.

Tractors tilling the soil would have reduced oil contamination from 30% to virtually 0% in six months, as microbes did their natural work. But so many people were on kickbacks and insurance scams that costs were massively overstated. Likewise, the Exxon Valdez clean-up should have cost $20 million, not $8 billion.

Even more stunning is his estimate that the entire global reduction sought in carbon emissions by 2012 could be achieved by re-foresting an area of land less than that deforested in Brazil alone since the Kyoto protocol was signed. The $10 billion cost would yield around $50 billion a year in revenues from wood products. Mike’s own joint venture with Shell in recyclable cement – C-Fix – could reduce world carbon emissions by over 8% if it fully replaced traditional cement production. An even larger benefit could be derived from renewable forestry. Clearing forests by burning accounts for 25% of all carbon emissions: and 98% of all commercial forestry is currently nonrenewable.

In Uganda, Mike established the New Forests Company, now the country’s largest forestry company and “Ugandan Investor of the Year 2007”. Mike has watched forest cover reduce from 50% of the land to 20%, with the expectation that it might disappear altogether in the next 20 years. Uganda is currently importing timber from South Africa. If 150,000 hectares were re-forested, Uganda’s internal timber needs would be met, and energy capacity doubled. Planting 3 million hectares would allow enough energy generation to provide lighting to all of Uganda: presently, it reaches only 5% of the country. That scale of activity would

...Always a Caian 21

Charlie Bosworth (2000) (right) showing Mike Richards’ business partner, Robert Gold and Sir Edward du Cann, Chairman of Sunshine Technology, around the company’s new jatropha research station at Honghe, Yunnan Province, China.

Women working at the New Forests Company’s nursery in Namwasa, Uganda.

Right: Forestry expert, Hans Verwij, and Mike Richards inspecting Sunshine Technology’s new jatropha plantation in China.

Ugandan students at a school built by the New Forests Company and UK charity PEAS have an important message.

turn Uganda into a timber exporter. Outside Kampala, another of Mike’s companies has acquired 400 acres on which to build housing, whereby its status as a single titleholder will cut through mortgage problems for scores of middle-class families otherwise unable to afford their own homes.

In Yunnan, in China, one of Mike’s companies employs 5,000 workers on a major re-forestation project, aiming to plant around 300,000 hectares. They have further operations across the world – in Tanzania, Mozambique, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Ethiopia, Colombia and elsewhere.

Richards shakes his head at some of the projects that narrow thinking generates.

Why install solar panels in a sun-starved country like England, with 20+ year paybacks, when they are far more appropriate in places such as the deserts of the Middle East? But when trees already provide a solar energy solution with an annual return of investment of over 30% – why not focus investment on forests wherever they can be planted? He has just returned from a visit to one project where last year’s eucalyptus plantings are already 20 feet tall. His companies have planted over 60 million trees so far: his target in 5 years is 1 billion. Bio-diesel he dismisses as value-destructive: vegetable oil is already a perfectly good biofuel, so why add the cost and complexity of converting it into biodiesel, in so doing doubling the price and destroying 20% of its energy value?

As we speak, I show him a business page story about EAGA, a renewable energy company that is being floated with a valuation of £450 million. He smiles at the item, noting that EAGA’s initial activities in renewable energy used the 450,000 strong mailing list supplied by the disability charity, Motability – to which he had donated his shares in his carbon trading company.

Another beneficiary of his charity has been the Royal Opera House.

Why did he donate a portfolio of shares to Caius (with an initial face value of £1 million)? Because I asked him to do it!

He also supports “The Learning Paper” in Uganda, whereby three times a year students are sent an educational publication, which – once read – can be used for fuel!

With a circulation of 100,000, the cost of supply is just 50 cents a head. Like Bill Gates, he sees the immense economic potential of a single shared language. There are 30 languages in Uganda.

What drives Mike Richards is not a desire to save the planet (though he might), nor a plutocratic itch: his mission is to deliver around the world what his father offered Tanzania – until politics intervened. Maybe some of our politicians (including Caians) should take note.

1897

Stearns Photos

Before the vote, the attention of the boater-wearing crowd appears to be on the dummy in a long dress hanging from a rope.

22 Once a Caian...

...see overleaf!

Stearns Photos

As the “placets� emerge from the Senate House, having cast their votes, the students bombard them with flour bags.

Degrees for women?

...Always a Caian 23

24 Once a Caian...

Here’s No Place C

A dummy of a “Girton girl” wearing bloomers and riding a man’s bicycle hangs from an upper window of the shop opposite Caius, now the CUP bookstore. Note what may be one of our photographers on a high vantage point on Great St Mary’s.

Stearns Photos

uriously, Cambridge University started opening its doors to Chinese and Chinese culture about 60 years before it fully opened them to women: the first Professor of Chinese was appointed in 1888; women were finally admitted to degrees in 1948.

Emily Davies founded Girton at Hitchin in 1869 and moved it to its present site, at a safe distance from marauding male undergraduates, in 1873. By then Henry Sidgwick had established the group of women students who were to settle at Newnham in 1875. St John’s College, owners of the land, prudently stipulated that the new College buildings should be a group of substantial cottages, so that they could easily be converted into private houses if the College failed!

On 24 February 1881 the Senate – then the governing body of the University – voted by 398 votes to 32 to admit women to university examinations. Their results were to be published separately from the men’s and their places relative to the male Wranglers in the Maths Tripos were to be stated in the lists. The women students did rather well: in 1890 Philippa Fawcett was famously recorded as performing “above the Senior Wrangler”. But they were still not allowed to proceed to degrees.

In 1896 a demonstration by Girton students demanded more recognition; it was broken up by young men and the police had to intervene. The University was alarmed and set up a Syndicate which recommended that women should either be granted the titles of degrees or be established in a separate university. Meanwhile in a student poll, a massive majority of 1,723 voted against degrees for women while only 446 voted in favour.

After publication of the Syndicate’s Report, student opposition hardened.

A petition presented to the ViceChancellor gathered 2,137 signatures against the proposal, with only 298 in favour.

The Council decided that members of the Senate should vote on the

...Always a Caian 25

for You Maids! proposals on 21 May 1897. The debate raged in the weeks leading up to the vote and, since all MAs were entitled to vote, members were summoned from far and wide. The day itself began as a carnival, with placards and parades, and almost turned into a riot, in which the land in front of Caius and the Senate House was the crowded epicentre.

Male undergraduates balanced precariously on roof-tops and window ledges; dummies of female undergraduates (one on a bicycle!) swung from ropes between Caius and the buildings opposite. A huge banner over the Great Gate proclaimed: “GET YOU TO GIRTON, BEATRICE, GET YOU TO NEWNHAM. HERE’S NO PLACE FOR YOU MAIDS!” When the Senior Proctor read the Grace, shouts of “non-placet!” erupted and as the MAs started voting by going through the placet or non-placet doors, it was soon clear that the placets were hopelessly outnumbered. Some of the undergraduates tried to enliven the democratic process by hurling bags of flour at those who emerged from the placet doors (and windows) in the Senate House. The final vote was recorded as 661 placet and 1,707 nonplacet, the celebrations continued long into the night and women students had to wait until 1921 for the titles of degrees, until 1947-8 for degrees and until 1979 to become Caians.

The vote of 1881 was enlightened for its time; the vote of 1897 seems to us shockingly unenlightened – but we thank David Childs (1949) and his godfather, Reginald Jeffcoat (1891), for preserving the accompanying photographs, which bring this extraordinary event so vividly to life.

Sources: A History of the University of Cambridge, IV, 1870-1990 (1993) by Professor Christopher Brooke, published by Cambridge University Press.

University Politics (1994) by Gordon Johnson, also published by CUP in a new edition last year, which includes the whole text of Francis Cornford’s deservedly famous 1908 satire on Cambridge politics, Microcosmographica Academica.

by Mick Le Moignan (2004) & Christopher Brooke (1945)

Stearns Photos

Bacon’s Tobacco Warehouse in Petty Cury after the male undergraduates have demonstrated their superiority to a group of impressed younger boys by smashing several windows.

26 Once a Caian...

Wuliang Walker

P

rofessor Peter Walker (1960), a leading expert on orthopaedic implants and biomedical engineering, is a director of the Caius Foundation who regularly organizes gatherings for the Caius community in New York City.

Originally from the North East, Peter attended the Royal Grammar School in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, where a young schoolboy photographer caught a dramatic shot of his triumph in the school high jump. The photographer was none other than Barry Hedley (1964), later Schuldham Plate winner, Senior Bursar and Fellow Emeritus.

At the start of the Michaelmas Term, Peter and his wife Wuliang made a special journey to Caius to meet the first holder of an Organ Scholarship that has been made possible by his latest generous gift to the College.

Peter Walker Organ Scholar, Matthew Fletcher (2007) put on a private organ recital of favourite pieces for Peter and Wuliang in the College Chapel, including Bach’s B-minor Prelude & Fugue, Widor’s Toccata and a piece by Sigfrid Karg-Elert. Peter said he is delighted that his gift is being put to such good use, in supporting Caius music, and he and Wuliang will long remember the privilege of this very special performance.

The First Peter Walker Organ Scholar

Matthew Fletcher (2007) and Peter Walker (1960) in the organ loft of the Caius Chapel.

A future Caian’s school record high jump is captured by another future Caian, who would later become the College’s Senior Bursar.

Barry Hedley

...Always a Caian 27 Yao Liang

Dr Richard Gibbens (1980), the first 1956 College Lecturer.

The First 1956 College Lecturer

T

he Master, Sir Christopher Hum (2005) announced at the Feast for the Commemoration of Benefactors in November 2008 the splendid news that Caians who matriculated in 1956 have achieved their target of raising £300,000 to fund a College Lecturership in perpetuity, to commemorate the golden anniversary of their time at Caius.

The College Council has appointed Dr Richard Gibbens (1980) to be the first 1956 College Lecturer. Richard read Mathematics at Caius and went on to take a Diploma in Mathematical Statistics in 1984 and a PhD in 1988. For his PhD, with colleagues in Cambridge and at British Telecom, he developed the Dynamic Alternative Routing

strategy now used for routing telephone calls in BT’s main trunk network.

In 1993, he was appointed to a ByeFellowship at Caius and a Royal Society University Research Fellowship, which continued until 2001, when he was appointed to a full Fellowship at Caius and a University Lectureship in the Cambridge University Computer Laboratory, becoming a Senior Lecturer in 2003. Unusually, his College Lectureship is in both Mathematics and Computer Science.

Richard’s recent research interests include mathematical modelling of both communication and road traffic networks.

When he solves the problem of how to get the traffic flowing smoothly on the M25, he has promised to let Once a Caian... know first!

All 1956 Caians who have contributed to the Lectureship Fund will be invited to meet Richard at a special Reception to be held in the garden of the Master’s Lodge (weather permitting!) during the May Week Party for Benefactors on Saturday 13 June 2009.

As the Master pointed out: “Permanently endowed College Lectureships help to ensure that undergraduates can continue to be supervised in small groups by world class experts. The supervision system is one of the hallmarks of a Cambridge education and we are determined to preserve it.”

The Master went on to express the College’s gratitude to Dennis Levy, the organizing committee and all those who contributed to the fund to make the new 1956 Lectureship possible.

Yao Liang

Left to right: Dr Anne Lyon (2001), Director of Development, with three of the major benefactors to the Fund, Ivor Samuels (1956), His Honour, Judge Dennis Levy (1956) and Stanley Rowan (1956), together with the first holder of the Lectureship, Dr Richard Gibbens (1980).

Dennis, Ivor and Stanley asked that particular mention should be made of the late John Newsome (1956) (inset), without whose exceptional generosity it would have been difficult to meet the fundraising target of £300,000 to endow the Lectureship in perpetuity.

28 Once a Caian...

Caius Calling

by Dr Emma Beddoe, Alumni Officer

O

ur annual Telephone Campaign has become a popular part of the Caius year, a chance for Caians of different generations to talk together and discover their shared love of the College. Last year’s innovation, the annual Caius Fund, has proved to be a great success.

Gifts to the Caius Fund from Caians, parents and friends provide funding for immediate use – for a variety of projects that would not happen without such support. The Caius Fund supports initiatives that are vital to the continued health and prosperity of the College.

First, a huge ‘thank you’ to everyone who gave to last year’s Caius Fund.

Without your support, so much would not have happened. We were overwhelmed by how keen the Caius community was to help us to achieve our aims.

•• ••

•• •• ••

!

Over the summer “U” staircase in Tree Court was completely renovated and refurbished from roof to cellar, including a set for a disabled student.

The Library has been able to restore a few of our priceless medieval manuscripts, including the College’s magnificent early fifteenth century Psalter (MS 148/198), which was given an elegant new goatskin cover.

Your support for the unique and precious supervision system provided funding for two College Teaching Officers for 2008-2009.

Last year you funded ten undergraduate bursaries, three postgraduate studentships and a choral scholarship.

A replacement for the leaking roof of the Sports Pavilion will be able to go ahead when further funding is received through gifts that are being spread over several years.

All of this proves that your gifts really do make a difference.

The Caius Fund 2009

T

his year’s Caius Fund projects represent key areas of College life, from buildings to boats and from books to bursaries, so your contribution to the Caius Fund can support the area that interests you most. Our student callers reflect the variety and breadth of subjects that are studied at Caius, from Classics to Land Economy, and they take part in a great range of activities, from rowing and music to peer support and the access scheme. They know, as you do, that a chance to come to Caius is to be seized with both hands. They all believe that our College is worth supporting. Their telephone calls to Caians, parents and friends between 15 March and 2 April will be a chance for them to discover that you feel the same way.

Student Support Fund (10 undergraduate bursaries and 3 postgraduate studentships)

£105,000

Two College Teaching Officers for 2009-2010

£100,000

Waterhouse Building (restoration and replacement of stonework)

£95,000

Library (books for undergraduates and restoration of medieval manuscripts and early printed books)

£40,000

A new Four for the Boat Club (training in small boats is particularly good for technique and team coordination)

£15,000

One Research Fellow for 2009-2010

£40,000

A Choral Scholarship (one student for three years)

£6,750

...Always a Caian 29 The student callers who will be taking part in the 2009 Caius Telephone Campaign gather in the College Library with the Master.

1.

Anthony Ng

2.

Sophie Robinson

3.

Natasha Brown

4.

Sebastian Gertz

5.

Amy Brecken Simons

6.

Mgawa Mkandawire

7.

Mark Pester

8.

Mustafa Khan

9.

Pranav Khamar

10. Irfan Rahman 11. Ellie Paul 12. Sneha Ramakrishnan 13. Rebecca Tennyson 14. Tanya Kohli 15. Lucy Plint 16. Nicola Di Luzio 17. Derek Ho 18. Di Shen 19. Adam McNally

1

4

8

6

9

15

11

Rebekah Law and Mushfiqur Rahman are also callers, but were unable to be in the photographs.

10 2

14

7

17 5

18

12 16

3

The 2008 Caius Fund Choral Scholar, Hannah Crawford (2008), whose award was generously supported by donors to the Caius Fund in last year’s Telephone Campaign.

13

19

30 Once a Caian...

Thank You! Gonville & Caius College Development Campaign Benefactors The Master and Fellows express their warmest thanks to all Caians, Parents and Friends of the College who have generously made donations since 1 January 2005. Your gifts are greatly appreciated as they help to maintain the College’s excellence for future generations.

1922 Mr K P Pool * 1926 Dr P W Hutton 1927 Mr C Graham 1928 Mr P Hodder Williams * Mr C A M Peaty * Mr W S Porter * 1929 Professor P Grierson * Mr H B Hutton * Dr R F Jarrett Mr J A Seymour-Jones * 1930 Mr L J Burrows * Dr T E Faulkner * Mr F L Kidd * 1932 Dr J M Marchant * Mr R W Morris * 1933 Dr P P Brown * Mr H M Burkill * Dr J M Drew * Mr C P Fogg Professor E C Ryder * 1934 Mr M B Coyle * Dr S C Gold Mr H J L Hartford * Mr G D Woolley 1935 Mr W Brown * Dr A J M Hargreaves * Mr E S Howarth * Maj Gen I H Lyall Grant 1936 Dr J A Black Dr R E Danckwerts The Revd Dr J B Foote Maj J G Logan * Sir Peter Thornton 1937 Sir Maurice Bathurst * Sir Alan Campbell * Dr E W Deane * Mr R A Holden Professor H G Koenigsberger Mr R E M Le Goy Mr J H Page Mr G N Shann Dr J W Squire Dr J B Wyon * 1938 Mr R L Bickerdike Dr M H Clement Mr R R Darlington * Mr W E Lane * The Rt Revd D F Page Mr M M A Ramsay Dr M H Russell Mr P H Schurr Mr J A Seldon 1939 Mr J McP Adams * Mr J H Arrowsmith-Brown The Revd Canon R S C Baily Mr T C Beswick * Mr H A H Binney Mr M H Claye Dr J P Clayton Mr C H De Boer Professor A E Flatt Mr A R McMurchy Mr J P Phillips Dr J E M Whitehead * 1940 Dr C M Attwood

Mr D A Bailey * Dr J E Blundell Mr R F Crocombe Mr G H Dix Mr M L Dowling * Mr T G Freeman Dr W S Griffiths Dr R F Payne Dr G S Plaut * Mr W F Poll * Dr D N Seaton Mr F P S Strickland Mr S K Walker 1941 Mr D M C Ainscow Mr F H Butler Professor I G Cunnison Dr W H Davies * Mr W M Ebden Dr C Edeleanu Dr W M Edgar Mr J B Frost Dr B Hardie Mr H C Hart Dr T M Howell * Mr M G Manby Dr J M S McCoy Dr J A McDonald Professor M A M Roberts * Dr W R Throssell 1942 Mr P H B Allsop Mr G S F Anton Mr K V Arrowsmith Mr C Billington Mr D E C Callow Mr K C J Case Mr I V Davies * Mr R A Escoffey Mr A A Green Professor A Hewish Dr G A Jones Mr A W Mallinson * Dr K M McNicol Dr A R Merrill Dr R H B Protheroe Mr C Ravenhill Dr E V Rowsell Dr A J Russell Professor E M Shooter Mr E R Slater Professor A Steele-Bodger * Mr M A H Walford Mr L C Watson Dr A R H Worssam 1943 Mr L R Atkinson * Professor J A Balint Dr R Barnes Dr D G H Daniels Mr A M Danziger Mr C H Devonald Mr W L Fryer Professor R H Garstang Dr W M Gibson Professor R Harrop Mr A G H House Professor L G Jaeger Mr C H Kelley Dr C Kingsley Mr P S Morrell Mr H Piggott Mr J B Self Dr J W M Stone * Mr J W H Thomas * Dr P W Thompson Dr W R Walsh Mr A M Wild 1944 Mr P J Bexson Air Vice Marshal G C Cairns Mr W G Carey Dr E A Cooper Mr N S Day Dr B O L Duke * Mr P G Hebbert Mr B S Helliwell * Mr D J Hyam The Revd G H Jones Dr H K Litherland

Mr J C MacChesney * Dr J L Milligan Mr N T Roderick Mr W T D Shaddick Mr R C Shepherd Mr M R Steele-Bodger Mr D J Storey Mr J H Walford * Mr J A Wells-Cole 1945 Dr M D Billington Professor C N L Brooke Dr J M H Dickson Professor Sir Sam Edwards Mr J J H Everitt Mr K Hansen Mr J L Harrison Mr R K Hayward Dr J E Herbert Mr P A L Jones * Professor B Lythgoe Mr F R McManus Mr J D Powell Mr D E Rae Mr I W Roberts Dr F C Rutter Mr J L Somervell Dr J C S Turner 1946 The Rt Hon the Viscount of Arbuthnott Mr G Aspden Dr D A P Burton Mr G G Campbell Dr W J Colbeck Mr D V Drury Dr J R Edwards Mr K Gale Mr P N Hamilton * Dr A F Hignell Mr W M Holland * Professor B S Jay * Mr G R Kerpner Mr P F Owen * The Revd Canon A M Percival Smith Mr R V C Phillips * Dr R F Sellers Dr G W Smallcombe The Revd P A Tubbs His Honour Judge Vos 1947 Mr J R Coward Mr H L Fisher * Mr K J Gardner * Mr F N Goode Mr J M S Keen Mr H Latham Mr B J Loffler * Mr D L Low * Mr N E A Moore * The Revd J D Philips Mr R J Sellick Mr A C Struvé The Revd Canon C N Tubbs Mr R B R Watkin Mr H G Way 1948 Dr P C W Anderson Dr A R Baker Mr J B Booth Mr P J Bunker Mr E J Chumrow Mr D P Crease Mr D E Creasy Professor N C H Dunbar Mr E V A Escoffey Mr T Garrett Mr L J Harfield Mr R C Harris Mr W A O Jacob Professor J F Mowbray Mr T R Norfolk * Mr J B Pond The Revd Canon A Pyburn Mr J Sanders Mr R D Shaw Mr P R Shires Dr M J Turner Dr R S Wardle

1949 The Hon Hugh Arbuthnott Mr M A Bardsley Mr A G Beaumont Mr A Birch Professor L L Cavalli-Sforza The Rt Hon the Lord Chorley Dr J T Cooke Mr K J A Crampton Mr R D Emerson Dr J H Gervis Mr J J H Haines Mr M J Harrap Mr R T Harrison Mr E C Hewitt Dr H H John * Mr D H Jones Dr R N B Kay Mr J H Kelsey Mr J C Kilner Mr F E Loeffler Mr C E C Long Mr M G MacGregor * Mr A F C Morris Mr A M Nicol Mr J Norris Mr W R Packer Mr P M Poole Mr I G Richardson Mr A W Riley Sir John Robson Dr J D Swale Dr D A Thomas Mr J F Walker Mr G R W Willcocks Mr C M Woodham * 1950 Mr G A Ash Dr A E Ashcroft Mr I D Bruce Mr J G Carpenter Professor P S Corbet * Mr R G Dunn Mr B L Edwards Mr W J Gowing Maj J R Grogan Professor J C Higgins Dr M I Lander Mr A J Lloyd Mr G S Lowth Mr D Malcolm * Dr F Mansfield Mr C J Martin * Dr P B McFarlane Mr S M Mohsin Mr D L H Nash Dr S W B Newsom Mr A G C Paish Mr D S Paravicini Mr J A Potts Mr G D C Preston Mr D A Skitt Dr J M Smyth Mr D B Swift Dr S G Taylor Mr J S H Taylor Mr S P Thompson The Revd Canon Dr S H Trapnell Mr W A J Treneman Professor H U H Walder * Mr L F Walker The Revd P Wright Mr P L Young 1951 Dr R A Aiken Mr A C J Appleyard Professor E Breitenberger Mr J R Brooke Mr G H Buck Dr A J Cameron Mr P R Castle Mr J M Cochrane Mr R N Dean The Revd N S Dixon Mr W L J Fenley Mr R B Gauntlett Dr F B Gibberd * Dr J E Godrich Dr N J C Grant The Revd P T Hancock The Revd Canon A R Heawood Mr J M Hepworth *

Mr J P M Horner Mr G S Jones Professor L L Jones Mr R K Laidlaw Mr I Maclean Mr E R Maile Mr P T Marshall Mr P S E Mettyear Mr J K Moodie Mr B H Phillips Mr S Price Dr R S O Rees Mr J C Riddell Mr M A C Saker The Revd T J Surtees Mr J E Sussams Mr A R Tapp Mr S R Taylor Mr P E Walsh Mr C H Walton The Revd E R W Whalley Professor M J Whelan Mr P Zentner 1952 Dr A R Adamson Professor J E Banatvala Mr R H Barnes Mr G D Baxter Lt Gen Sir Peter Beale Dr M Brett Mr D Bullard-Smith The Rt Hon the Lord Cooke of Thorndon * Mr C J Dakin Mr C B d’A Fearn Mr G Garrett Dr T W Gibson Mr E S Harborne Mr J A G Hartley Mr D B Hill Mr E J Hoblyn Mr A A Hooper Professor G W Kirby Dr T S Matthews The Revd D K Maybury Dr C W McCutchen The Rt Hon the Lord Morris of Aberavon Mr P J Murphy Dr M J O’Shea Mr S L Parsonson Mr J W N Petty Dr M J Ramsden Professor M V Riley Mr P M Rossiter * Dr N Sankarayya Mr J de F Somervell Mr D Webb Mr R P Wilding Mr J Woodward 1953 Dr N A Atalla Mr A J Bacon Mr M K A Baig Dr N C Balchin Mr S F S Balfour-Browne Mr D W Barnes Mr K C A Blasdale Professor A Brock Mr J M Bruce Mr L W J Bunch Mr T Copley Mr P H Coward Dr P M B Crookes Dr D Denis-Smith Dr A H Dinwoodie The Revd H O Faulkner Mr G H Gandy Mr B V Godden Mr H J Goodhart Mr C G Heywood Mr B Higgs * Mr M A Hossick Mr C B Johnson Dr D H Keeling Professor J G T Kelsey Mr J E R Lart Mr R Lomax Mr D S Mair Dr D M Marsh Dr H Matine-Daftary Dr M J Orrell

Mr E C O Owen Mr D Piggot * Mr J F Pretlove Mr T I Rand Mr J Reed Mr C J Ritchie Mr J P Seymour Mr I P Sharp Mr P T Stevens Mr B J Sydenham * Mr J Turner Professor B O West Mr G A Whalley * Mr J A Whitehead Professor Sir Christopher Zeeman 1954 Professor M P Alpers Mr D R Amlot Mr J Anton-Smith Mr J L Ball Professor J H J Bancroft Mr D G Batterham Mr P A Block Mr D W Bouette Mr D J Boyd Professor I F Brockington Professor C B Bucknall Mr S A Cang Dr R J Cockerill Mr G Constantine Mr D I Cook Dr R A F Cox Dr D B Davies Dr J M G Davis Mr J P Edwards Mr P H C Eyers Professor J Fletcher Professor J Friend Dr A E Gent Dr A J Gordon * Professor N J Gross Dr J P Gurney Mr M J Harding Mr J D Heap Mr R A Hockey Dr M C Holderness Mr R J Horton Mr R W J Hubank Mr J S Kirkham Mr R A Lovelace Dr K A Macdonald-Smith Dr F P Marsh The Rt Revd C J Mayfield Mr J K Millar Mr R W Montgomery Col G W A Napier Mr D J Nobbs Mr J O'Hea Mr J D Painter Mr B C Price Professor D J Radcliffe Mr R M Reeve Sir Gilbert Roberts Mr T W J Ruane Dr J M S Schofield Mr D Stanley Mr M H W Storey Mr P E Thomas 1955 Mr R B Aisher * Mr C F Barham Mr M W Barrett Mr D I Bowen * Mr J A Brooks Mr A L S Brown Dr J H Brunton Mr A R Campbell Dr M Cannon Professor P D Clothier Mr A A R Cobbold Dr C K Connolly Mr J R Currie Mr F S Curtis Dr P G Davey Professor K G Davey Mr C D Donald * Dr R A Durance Mr R J Forster Dr D H Fowler * Mr R Hall Mr C B C Johnson Professor J J Jonas

...Always a Caian 31 Dr T G Jones The Rt Hon Sir Paul Kennedy Mr A H Kidd Mr M E Lees Mr J J Moyle Dr P J Noble The Rt Revd M Nuttall Dr J P A Page Mr C H Prince Lt Col C B Pritchett Mr A R Prowse Mr A B Richards Mr D M Robson Dr A P Rubin The Revd J G Russell Mr J A B Taylor Mr J D Taylor Mr H W Tharp Mr T J Threlfall Dr R B Walton Mr G Wassell Dr P J Watkins Dr J Winter * Professor I Ziment 1956 Professor D Bailin Dr R J Balcombe The Revd Canon M E Bartlett Mr J M Butterfield Dr N G I Cawdry Mr J A Cecil-Williams Mr P R Clynes * Mr G B Cobbold Dr R Cockel Mr A G A Cowie Dr J P Cullen Professor J S Edwards Mr J A L Eidinow Professor G H Elder Mr J K Ferguson Mr M J L Foad Mr R Gibson Professor A H Gomme * Mr P H Gray Mr M L Holman Mr G J A Household Professor I M James Professor A J Kirby His Honour Judge Levy Mr R B Lewis Mr J D Lindholm Dr R G Lord Mr P A Mackie Mr B J McConnell Dr H E McGlashan Mr A D Moore The Revd Canon P B Morgan Dr B E Mulhall Mr J F Newsome * Mr P A R Niven Mr B M Nonhebel Mr T R R O’Conor The Rt Revd J K Oliver Professor L L Pasinetti Mr A J Peck Mr J A Pooles Mr J J C Procter Mr J V Rawson Mr T J Reynish Mr J M Rice Mr C Ridsdill-Smith Mr C J D Robinson Professor D K Robinson Mr T S Rowan Mr I Samuels Mr & Mrs I L Smith Mr R R W Stewart Mr C W Swift Mr J R S Tapp Mr R C Tongue Mr A A Umur Mr A G Webb Dr J B L Webster Mr H de V Welchman Dr R D Wildbore Mr J P Woods Dr D L Wynn-Williams 1957 Mr A B Adarkar Mr W E Alexander Mr N Alwyn Dr I D Ansell Dr N D Barnes Professor V E Barnes II Mr D H Beevers Mr J C Boocock Mr G Boxall Mr T Bunn Dr T R G Carter Dr J P Charlesworth Mr B H Clarke Dr T W Davies Mr M L Davies Mr E J Dickens Dr B R Eggins Professor A F Garvie Mr C P Giles Mr W G B Harvey Mr J D Henes The Very Revd Dr M J Higgins Mr E M Hoare Mr A S Holmes

Professor F C Inglis Mr A J Kemp Mr A J Lambell Mr J S H Major Mr T F Mathias Dr R T Mathieson Professor A J McClean Mr D Moller Mr A W Newman-Sanders Dr M J Nicklin Mr I H D Odgers Dr J R Ogle Mr T Painter Mr R D Perry Professor J E Phillips Mr A P Pool The Rt Hon Sir Mark Potter Dr R Presley Mr N M B Prowse Mr N R B Prowse Mr P W Sampson Mr G A Stacey * Dr J R R Stott Professor J N Tarn Mr O N Tubbs The Rt Hon the Lord Tugendhat Mr C B Turner The Revd Professor G Wainwright Dr D G D Wight 1958 Mr C Andrews Professor R P Bartlett Mr J E Bates Dr J F A Blowers Mr T J Brack Mr J P B Bryce Mr J D G Cashin Sir Peter Crane Mr A B Cross Dr J M Davies Mr J A Dixon The Rt Hon the Lord Geddes Dr M T Hardy Professor F W Heatley Mr D M Henderson Mr J A Honeybone Dr P F Hunt Professor J O Hunter Mr H I Hutchings Mr C L W Jackson Mr N A Jackson Mr J R Kelly Dr G N W Kerrigan Mr G D King Mr R D Martin Mr C P McKay Mr N McKendrick Mr R W Minter Mr A D Myers Mr T S Nelson Mr R H Pedler Mr V H Pinches Mr G D Pratten Mr F C J Radcliffe Mr M Roberts Mr M P Ruffle Lord Simon of Highbury Dr F D Skidmore Sir Keith Stuart Mr A J Taunton Professor B J Thorne Mr C M Usher Mr J B R Vartan The Revd J L Watson 1959 Dr D J Beale Dr D E Brundish Mr S H Buchan Mr L J Cavendish Mr A D Chilvers The Rt Hon K H Clarke Dr A G Dewey Mr J E Drake Mr B Drewitt Mr D A Dryer The Revd T C Duff The Rt Revd D R J Evans Professor J E Fegan Mr G A Geen Dr J A Gibson Mr T A J Goodfellow Mr D N C Haines The Revd Dr R G Hamerton-Kelly Mr M J D Keatinge Mr C J Methven Mr M M Minogue His Honour Judge Mott Mr M H O’Brian Mr A F Oliver Dr G P Ridsdill Smith Mr J H Riley Mr J R Sclater The Revd D G Sharp Professor Q R D Skinner Dr M J Sole Dr I Sykes Professor P J Tyrer Dr A G Weeds Dr & Mrs M D Wood 1960 Dr N A Bailey

Mr J G Barham Mr H V Beck Mr T D Belopopsky * Mr B C Biggs Mr A J MacL Bone Dr A D Brewer Dr G M Clarke Mr M G Collett His Honour Judge Cowell Professor E R Dobbs Mr D J Ellis Dr C H Gallimore The Reverend Peter Gant Dr D F Hardy Dr R Harmsen Dr A B T Heng Dr R M Keating Mr A Kenney Dr J A Lord Professor J S Mainstone The Revd Dr A W Marks Dr P Martin Mr M B Maunsell Mr R A McAllister Mr C D McLaren Dr H F Merrick Dr E L Morris Mr G R Niblett Mr J A Nicholson Mr M O'Neil Mr W J Partridge Mr P Paul Professor A E Pegg Dr A T Ractliffe Mr C W M Rossetti Dr B M Shaffer The Revd Canon P G SouthwellSander * Professor W D Stein Professor M S Symes Mr H J M Tompkins Professor P S Walker Professor M S Walsh Mr A A West Mr J D Wilkin Mr D H Wilson Mr N J Winkfield Mr R D S Wylie Dr G R Youngs Dr A M Zalin 1961 Mr C E Ackroyd Professor G G Balint-Kurti Mr A D Bell Professor Sir Michael Berridge Professor T Cavalier-Smith Mr J P Collins Mr P Cooper Dr M D Dampier Mr J O Davies Dr J S Denbigh Mr D K Elstein Mr J A G Fiddes Mr M J W Gage Dr J M Gertner Dr K N Haarhoff * Mr M D Harbinson Mr E C Hunt Mr R T Jump Dr A B Loach Mr R G McMillan Professor P B Mogford Professor R J Nicholls Mr J Owens Dr J M Pelmore Mr C H Pemberton Professor R H L Phillipson Mr M E Setchell Mr D C W Stonley Dr R I A Swann Dr I G Thwaites Mr R E G Titterington Dr M P Wasse Mr V D West Dr N E Williams Mr R J Wrenn 1962 Dr J S Beale Mr D J Bell Dr C R de la P Beresford Mr P S L Brice Mr R A C Bye Dr D Carr Mr P D Coopman Mr T S Cox Col M W H Day Mr M Emmott Professor Sir Alan Fersht Mr J R A Fleming Dr T Garrett Mr H M Gibbs Mr T M Glaser Mr A D Harris Mr D Hjort Professor A R Hunter Mr P O Hutchings Mr P A C Jennings Dr D M Keith-Lucas Mr J W D Knight Professor J M Kosterlitz Mr A J C Lodge Mr F J Lucas

Professor Sir Andrew McMichael Mr G N Meadon Mr A P Nicholson Mr T K Pool Mr N Redway Dr G A W Ross Mr G A Shindler Dr R N F Simpson Mr R Smalley Dr P J W Smith Mr M J Starks Mr R B R Stephens Mr J D Sword Mr F R G Trew Mr M G Wade Mr D R F Walker Mr G J Weaver Mr H N Whitfield Mr R G Wilson 1963 Dr P J Adams Mr P N Belshaw Dr T G Blaney Dr J A Clark Dr C R A Clarke Mr E F Cochrane Mr R M Coombes Dr R P Duncan-Jones Mr S W Emanuel Dr H Fraser Dr H P M Fromageot Mr J E J Goad Mr A J Grants Mr P M G B Grimaldi Sir Thomas Harris Dr M A Hopkinson Dr R H Jago Mr N T Jones Mr B L Kerr Mr M S Kerr Professor W Y Liang Mr J W L Lonie Dr C W Mitchell Mr V L Murphy Mr D B Newlove Dr H F Norden Dr J R Parker Mr M J Pitcher Dr J S Rainbird Mr P A Rooke Dr J Striesow Professor D J Taylor Sir Quentin Thomas Mr P H Veal Dr R F Walker Mr D J Walker Mr J D Wertheim Dr J R C West Dr M J Weston Mr A N Wilson 1964 Mr P Ashton Mr D P H Burgess Mr G E Churcher Dr N C Cropper Mr H L S Dibley Mr R A Dixon Mr M Elland-Goldsmith * Dr H R Glennie Mr A K Glenny Professor H Gohain Mr G A Gray Dr R J Greenwood Professor N D F Grindley Sir John Hall Professor K O Hawkins Mr B D Hedley Mr J Horsfall Turner Dr P Hutchinson Mr A Kirby Dr T Laub Professor S H P Maddrell Dr H M Mather Mr S J Mawer Mr C J Meux Dr L E M Miles Professor D V Morgan Mr A K Nigam Dr B V Payne Mr J H Poole Dr W T Prince Professor N W Read Professor N Y Rivier Mr M D Rock Dr C N E Ruscoe Mr J F Sell Dr N M Suess Mr F M Vendrell Mr J G Waghorn Dr T B Wallington Dr F J M Walters Mr R C Wells Mr I R Woolfe 1965 Dr J E J Altham Professor L G Arnold Professor B C Barker Mr R Bhoothalingam Mr A M Brownett Mr N M Burton Mr A C Butler

Mr R A Charles Sir Christopher Clarke Dr C M Colley Mr H J Elliot Dr W J Fielding Mr J H Finnigan Dr M J Gawel Mr A J Habgood Mr J Harris Dr D A Hattersley The Revd P Haworth His Honour Judge Holman Mr R P Hopford Mr I V Jackson Dr R G Jezzard Dr R R Jones Dr H J Klass The Hon Dr J F Lehman Dr M J Maguire Dr P J Marriott His Honour Judge Morris Mr T Mullett Dr P B Oelrichs Professor C V Reeves Dr P D Rice Mr R N Rowe Mr A C Scott Mr I D K Thompson 1966 Mr M J Barker Mr J D Battye Professor D Birnbacher Dr D S Bishop Dr J P Calvert Mr P Chapman Dr C I Coleman Mr S J Cook Dr K R Daniels Dr T K Day Mr C R Deacon Mr D P Dearden Mr P S Elliston Mr J R Escott Mr M N Fisher Mr D R Harrison Dr L E Haseler Mr R E Hickman Mr R Holden Professor R C Hunt Dr R Jackson Professor S L Lightman Mr G G Luffrum Mr D C Lunn Mr M C Mansfield Dr A A Mawby Professor P M Meara Mr P V Morris Mr V K Pinto Mr S M Poster Mr N F Riddle Mr K W Rose Dr R L Stone Mr J A Strachan Mr N E Suess Mr D Swinson Mr D F White Mr S M Whitehead Mr J M Williams Mr P E Wilson The Revd R J Wyber 1967 Mr J G Ayton Mr G W Baines Mr P G Cottrell Mr G C Dalton Dr A Eilon Dr M C Frazer Mr T Hashimoto Mr D G Hayes Professor D R Hayhurst Mr M D Hutchinson Mr J R Jones Mr N G H Kermode Mr R B Kirby Mr R J Lasko Mr D I Last Dr I D Lindsay Mr T W Morton Mr A M Peck Professor N P Quinn Mr J S Richardson Professor J B Saunders Mr H J A Scott Mr G T Slater Mr C J Thompson The Revd Dr J D Yule Professor G J Zellick 1968 Dr M J Adams Mr I M D Barrett Mr A C Cosker Mr J C Esam The Revd D B Fenlon Mr J M Fordham Mr R J Furber Mr D P Garrick Dr E M Gartner Professor P W Gatrell Mr D S Glass The Rt Hon the Lord Goldsmith Mr M D Hardinge

Mr P A Hier Mr D J Laird Mr N J Lewis Professor R J A Little Dr D H O Lloyd Mr B A Mace Mr J I McGuire Mr E J Nightingale Mr J A Norton Dr I D A Peacock Dr T G Powell Mr S Read Dr P G Reasbeck Mr E Robinson Mr P S Shaerf Dr B Teague Mr P J Tracy Dr M McD Twohig Dr J P H Wade Dr D P Walker Dr P R Willicombe Mr V Wineman 1969 Dr S C Bamber Mr S E Bowkett Mr M S Cowell The Rt Revd A K Cragg Dr M K Davies Mr J M Denker Dr M W Eaton Mr R J Field Dr C J Hardwick Mr J S Hodgson Mr D R Hulbert Mr A Keir Mr R L Kottritsch Dr I R Lacy Mr R G McGowan Dr D W McMorland Mr A N Papathomas Dr M S Phillips Mr N R Sallnow-Smith Mr M C N Scott Mr A P Thompson-Smith Mr B A H Todd Mr P B Vos Mr A J Waters Dr N H Wheale Mr D A Wilson Mr P J G Wright 1970 Mr J Aughton Dr M E Boxer Dr C W Brown Mr R Butler Dr D D Clark-Lowes Mr G J H Cliff Mr R P Cliff Mr D Colquhoun Professor P J Evans Mr P S Foster Mr L P Foulds Mr J D Gwinnell Mr N A J Harper Dr M B Hawken Dr J A S Howell Mr C H D Jeeps Mr C A Jourdan Mr J S Kilner * Mr L G Kosmin Mr J H Lambie Mr M J Langley Mr B S Missenden Dr S Mohindra Mr A J Neale Mr C G Penny Professor D J Reynolds Dr I N Robins Mr B Z Sacks Dr R D S Sanderson Mr D C Smith Dr S A Sullivan Mr I R Watson Professor R W Whatmore 1971 Professor J P Arm Mr P Boeuf Dr S Brearley Mr J P Canter Dr H H J Carter Mr J A K Clark Mr P D M Dunlop Mr J A Duval Professor D M Hausman Mr N R Holliday Dr P Kinns Dr N P Leary Mr J M Levitt Dr P G Mattos Mr R I Morgan Mr L N Moss Mr N D Peace Dr M B Powell Dr A J Reid Professor P Robinson Dr P T Such Mr P A Thimont Mr A H M Thompson Dr S Vogt Professor C D Woodroffe Mr C G Young

32 Once a Caian...

1972 Mr M H Armour Mr A B S Ball Mr D R Barrett Mr J P Bates Dr D N Bennett-Jones Mr S M B Blasdale Mr R J Bryant Mr S N Bunzl Mr I J Buswell Mr J G Cooper Mr C G Davies Mr P A England Mr J E Erike Mr P J Farmer Mr C Finden-Browne Mr N P Gibson Mr R H Gleed Professor R A L H Gunawardana Mr P G Hadley Mr R S Handley Dr R A Harrad Dr M J F Humphries Mr A M Hunter Johnston Professor W L Irving Mr P B Kerr-Dineen Dr D R Mason Mr J R Moor Mr R E Perry Professor A T H Smith Dr T D Swift The Revd Dr R G Thomas Mr R E W Thompson Mr R D Wakeling Dr A F Weinstein The Revd Canon Dr J A Williams 1973 Professor J V Bickford-Smith Mr N P Carden Mr A I B Clarke Mr J P Cockett Mr R A Cohen Mr S P Crooks Mr M G Daw Professor P M Echenique Mr P C English Professor C F Gilks Dr J A Harvey Mr J R Hazelton Dr R J Hopkins Dr W F Hutchinson Professor A M Lister Mr K F C Marshall Mr J S Morgan Mr J F Points Mr J E P Poole Mr A W M Reicher Dr D Y Shapiro Mr M Shellim Dr W A Smith Mr J Sunderland Mr D G Vanstone Mr G C Vos Mr S J Waters Mr G A Whitworth Professor B J Wilkinson Dr J B Wirth 1974 Professor A J Blake Dr M J Bleby Mr H J Chase Mr A B Clark Dr L H Cope Mr P J Craig-McQuaide Mr M L Crew Dr N H Croft Professor J H Davies Dr M A de Belder Mr J R Delve Dr A G Dewhurst Mr L D Engle Dr M G J Gannon Mr T D Gardam Professor J Gascoigne Mr P A Goodman Dr P J Guider Dr M C Harrop Dr W N Hubbard Mr N Kirtley Mr W S H Laidlaw Mr R I K Little Mr P Logan Mr R O MacInnes-Manby Mr G Markham Mr J G A McClean Dr R B Outhwaite * Mr D M Potton Professor B D Reddy Mr A H Silverman Mr E J Storey Dr N H Thom The Rt Hon Lord J A Turner Mr C Vigrass Mr D K B Walker Mr L J Walker 1975 Mr E J Atherton Mr S L Barter Mr C J A Beattie

Mr P S Belsman Mr A J Campbell Dr P I Clark Mr S Collins Mr A E Cooke-Yarborough Mr M G Day Mr E A M Ebden Mr N R Gamble Mr M H Graham Mr D A Hare Mr R F Hughes Professor H James Dr N Koehli Mr F N Marshall Dr R G Mayne Mr K M McGivern Mr K S Miller Mr G Monk The Revd M W Neale Dr C C P Nnochiri Professor I P L Png & Ms J C W Cheng Dr H C Rayner Dr M P Reasbeck Mr D J G Reilly Mr G R Sherwood Dr F A Simion Professor T J Stephenson The Revd Canon I D Tarrant Dr J M Thompson Mr N J Ward Mr B J Warne Mr J R Wood 1976 Mr D Barham Mr J J J Bates Mr S J Birchall Dr H D L Birley Mr N G Blanshard Professor J R Bradgate Mr L G Brew Dr M P Clarke Cllr R J Davis The Hon Dr R H Emslie Mr M W Friend Dr F G Gurry Mr J Haim Dr P R Harvey Dr A C J Hutchesson Dr S T Kempley Dr C J Lueck Dr C Ma Mr A J Matthews Dr S J Morris Dr D Myers Mr D C S Oosthuizen Mr R B Peatman Mr J S Price Mr P L Simon Dr J A Spencer Mr S Thomson Mr J P Treasure The Rt Hon N K A S Vaz Mr O H Warnock Professor A J M Whitley Mr A Widdowson 1977 Mr S T Bax Mr J P Black Mr A C Boulding Mr R Y Brown Dr K J Friston Mr A L Gibb Dr C-T Goh Mr A R D Gowers Mr R M House Mr B S Hundal Dr M S Irani Mr S R Laird Mr K H McKellar Dr P H M McWhinney Dr L S Mills Mr H N Neal Dr R P Owens Dr A Pagliuca Dr R Purwar Mr I M Radford Professor T A Ring Dr G S Sachs Mr A J Salmon Dr L F M Scinto Mr S A Scott Mr C Sideris Mr M J Simon Dr P Waddams Dr P A Watson Mr D J White Dr A N Williams Mr R C Woodgate 1978 Mr H M Baker Mr J C Barber The Revd Dr A B Bartlett Dr T G Blease Dr G R Blue Mr M D Brown Mr C J Carter Mr J M Charlton-Jones Dr T R Coe Mr S A Corns Mr A D Cromarty

Dr P G Dommett Mr M J Eccleston Dr J Edwards Mr R C S Evans Mr R J Evans Mr P P S Fekete Mr T J Fellig Mr A B Grabowski Dr E Hatchwell Dr C N Johnson Mr P R M Kavanagh Mr D P Kirby Mr R A Lister Dr D E Muckle-Jones Mr A J Noble Mr T D Owen Mr C S Porter Mr M H Pottinger Mr M A Prior Dr B A Raynaud Mr P J Reeder Mr M H Schuster Mr S J Shaw The Revd A G Thom Dr D Townsend Mr D W Wood Mr P A Woo-Ming 1979 Dr R Aggarwal Dr M G Archer Mr T C Bandy Mr N C Birch Mr A J Birkbeck Dr P J Carter Dr S A P Chubb Mr P A Cowlett Dr C E Croft Mr N G Dodd Mrs C E Elliott Mr J Erskine Mr S R Fox Mr P C Gandy Ms C A Goldie Dr A R Grant Mr N C I Harding Mr R P Hayes Mr T E J Hems Dr A W Herbert Ms C J Jenkins Professor P W M Johnson Mr P J Keeble Mr A D Maybury Mrs J M Paton Professor C T Reid Dr K C Saw Dr M E Selby Ms D M Sorkin Dr J Strässler Dr P C Taylor Mr N J Tregear Dr R P Tuckett 1980 Mr C P Aldren Mr A M Ballheimer Dr N P Bates Mrs J R Burry Dr C E Collins Mr S R Coxford The Revd Dr P H Donald Dr R J Gibbens Dr S L Grassie Mr M J Hardwick Mr P L Haviland Mr R H Hopkin Dr J Marsh Sir Simon Milton Mr J E Mitchell Professor J R Montgomery Mr A N Norwood Dr T M Pickett Mr R N Porteous Ms J S Saunders Mr J M E Silman Mrs M S Silman Professor M Sorensen Professor J A Todd Mr R L Tray Dr C Turfus 1981 Mrs J S Adams Mrs A M Barry Dr R C Bethell Mr S Cox Mr J M Davey Dr P H Dear Ms C T Donald Mr N J Farr Mr R Ford Mr P G Harris Mr W S Hobhouse Mr C L M Horner Mr R H M Horner Mr P C N Irven Mr P W Langslow Dr J W McAllister Dr O P Nicholson Mr G Nnochiri Dr J W Norris Mr M W Richards Mrs M Robinson Mr T Saunders

Dr J B Scanlon Dr A Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg Dr J L d’E Steiner Dr D M Talbott Mr K J Taylor Ms L J Teasdale Mr C J R Van de Velde Professor C R Walton Dr E A Warren Ms S Williams 1982 Mr D Baker Mr J D Biggart Dr M A S Blackburn Dr N C Campbell The Revd Dr E N Clouston Mrs N Cross Mr A R Flitcroft Dr P A Fox Mr J E M Haynes Mr P D Hickman Mrs C H Kenyon Mr M J Kochman Mr P Loughborough Mr J S Mair Ms E F Mandelstam Dr M Maxwell Mr D J Mills Professor M Moriarty Mrs R E Penfound Ms M K Reece Thomas Mr A Roberts Mr A A Shah Mrs A J Sheat Mrs E I C Strasburger Dr J G Tang Mr J P Taylor Mr C & Dr H M Ward Dr M J Weait 1983 Dr R F Balfour Mr P R Bennett Dr D B Bethell Ms J P L Ching Mr H M Cobbold Dr S A J Crighton Mr J C Curtis Dr A Dhiman Mr A L Evans Mr T M Fancourt Mr P E J Fellows Mr H E Gillespie Dr W P Goddard Mr N J Hammond Mr W A C Hayward Mr S A Kirkpatrick Mr J F S Learmonth Mr C Loong Mr J B K Lough Dr R C Mason Mr R H Moore Mr R M Payn Professor A G Remensnyder Mr S C Rowarth Mr A Rzym Mr H C Shields Mr A G Strowbridge Mr R B Swede Mr N J Taffinder * His Honour Judge Tompkins Miss A Topley Mr C H Umur Ms H E White Dr S F J Wright 1984 Dr H T T Andrews Ms S J Brady Mr J A Brodie-Smith Mr R A Brooks Mr G C R Budden Dr A R Duncan Professor T G Q Eisen Mrs A S Gardner Mr L J Hunter Mr A S E Johnson Dr J R B Leventhorpe Mr G C Maddock Mr A D H Marshall Mr I Paine Mr J R Pollock Dr K S Sandhu Dato’ R R Sethu Dr R A Shahani Mr M L Vincent Professor C Wildberg 1985 Mr N M Baker Mr G K Beggerow Dr I M Bell Mrs J C Cassabois Mr P R Clark Mr A H Davison Dr E M Dennison Mr M C S Edwards Mr J M Elstein Mr M J Fletcher Mrs E F Ford Mr J D Harry Professor J B Hartle

Ms P Hayward Mr P G J S Helson Dr K M Hock Dr C H Jessop Mr C L P Kennedy Mr A J Landes Mr W P L Lawes Mrs C F Lister Mrs N M Lloyd Dr J J N Nabarro The Revd N C Papadopulos Mr K D Parikh Mr M H Power Mr T M S Rowan Professor I D W Samuel Dr J M Sargaison Miss J A Scrine Mrs L K Sharpe Mrs C P Simm Dr P M Slade Dr D A Statt Mr W D L M Vereker Mrs J S Wilcox Mr R C Wilson Mrs A K Wilson Dr E F Worthington 1986 Dr L M Allcock Dr K Brown Professor J A Davies Dr S D Farrall Professor R L Fulton Mr A N Graham Dr K Green Dr C J Holmes Miss M P Horan Mrs J Y S Ho-Thong Professor J M Huntley Mr N J Iles Mr D P Jellinek Mr B D Konopka Professor J C Laidlaw Mr R Y-H Leung Dr D L L Parry Dr M A Perry Dr A A Pinto Mr T S Sanderson Mr J P Saunders Professor A J Schofield Dr K Sehat Dr R G Shearmur Ms V H Stace Mr J W Stuart Dr C J Taylor Ms A J Tomlinson Dr M H Wagstaff Mr C J Watson Dr J Whaley 1987 Mr J J M Bailey Mr J P Barabino Mr J J Battersby Mr O R M Bolitho Mr N R Chippington Mr A J Coveney Mrs J L Dendle-Jones Ms S L DeVine Dr A J Forrester Dr G M Grant Ms C M Harper Dr S C Hsu Dr M Karim Mr P Kumar Mr C A Levy Mrs M M J Lewis Mr A W Lockhart Dr R Mengham Dr R A Perry Mr S L Rea Mr D W Shores Mr L A Unwin Mr A N E Yates 1988 Dr P Agarwal Professor N R Asherie Mr R S P Banerji Dr I M Billington Dr M Bisping Dr T P Bligh Mr H A Briggs Dr A-L Brown Mr J C Brown Ms C Stewart Mrs M E Chapple Vicomte R H P G de Rosière Dr G B Doxey Mr A J Emuss Mr L D Hicks Ms R C Homan Dr A D Hossack Capt J S Irish Dr I H Magedera Dr M C Mirow Dr A N R Nedderman Dr D Niedrée-Sorg Mr S J Parker Mr A P Parsisson Mr M B Pritchett Mr M J Rawlins Dr C I J Sanders Mr D Schwartmann

Ms N M Smith Mr T H Snelling The Revd J S Sudharman Dr R M Tarzi Mr M E H Tipping Mrs H M Truman Mr A G Veitch Mr A E Wellenreiter Dr F J L Wvytack 1989 Dr G M W Adams Mr A M Barnes-Webb Mrs A S Brotherton Professor M J Brown Dr J T Chalcraft Dr E A Cross Mr J R F de Bass Dr S Francis Mr P E Gilman Mr G R Glaves Mr S M Gurney Mr N C Jacklin Mr G W Jones Mr J P Kennedy Mr P J Kerr Mr J R Kirkwood Mrs L C Logan Mr B J McGrath Ms J H Myers Mr N J C Robinson Mrs C Romans Mr J C Roux Mr S C Ruparell Mr A M P Russell Professor Y Sakamoto Mr A S Uppal Mrs T E Warren Mr N D J Wilson Ms G A Wilson 1990 Mr R Ball Ms L M Beeson Dr L C Chappell Mrs J F Clement Mr I J Clubb Mr A A Dillon Mrs S V Dyson Mr N W Edmonds Mrs V N M Fung Mr A W P Guy Mr R J E Hall Dr A D Henderson Mr I D Henderson Mr R D Hill Mr M B Job Mr H R Jones Mr P A Key Dr S H O F Korbei Professor N G Lew Mr G C Li Ms A Y C Lim Dr M B J Lubienski Mr J S Marozzi Mr T Moody-Stuart Mr S T Oestmann Dr K P Sainsbury Mr P C Sheppard Mr L Shorter Dr J Sinha Mr G E L Spanier Mr H K Suniara Mr D S Turnbull Dr J C Wadsley Dr G D Wills Ms R M Winden Mr K L Wong Mr R C Young 1991 Dr R D Baird Mr D Behrman Mr D D Chandra Mrs B Choi Dr P A Dalby Dr S Dorman Dr C S J Fang Dr M B Fertleman Dr S C Francis Dr A J Hodge Dr N I Horwitz Mr W G Irving Dr J P Kaiser Mrs R R Kmentt Mrs V K Leamon Mr D R Paterson Dr A Reichmuth Ms V J Richards Dr S M Shah Mr A Smeulders Mr J A Spence Dr M D Tarzi Mrs H-M A G C Vesey Miss J H Ward 1992 Professor A S Alexandrov Mr D Auterson Mr A J Barber Mr P N R Bravery Ms J M Carpenter Dr A A G Driskill-Smith Dr R S Dunne

...Always a Caian 33 Ms L K Greeves Ms J Z Z Hu Dr H M Johnson Mr J Kihara Professor C Kress Mr W Li Mr J Lui Mr R L Nicholls Dr F H Perry Dr A J Power Mr H E Serjeantson Mrs R C Stevens Dr S R J Taylor Maj D M Thomas Dr D I Thomson Mr G S J Veysey Mrs K Wiese Mr C M Wilson Mr L K Yim 1993 Dr S D Albino Mr J D H Arnold Mr A S Basar Dr A C G Breeze Mr P M Ceely Dr E A Congdon Mr P A Edwards Dr I R Fisher Ms G J Hallam Mr C E G Hogbin Mr E J How Dr A Kalhoro Dr G A J Kelly Mr C S Klotz Mr T P Moss Mr R B K Phillips Dr J F Reynolds Mrs L Robson Brown Dr C I Rotherham Mr C A Royle Dr T Walther Miss S T Willcox Mrs A J Worden Ms R P Wrangham 1994 Professor G I Barenblatt Ms R D Barrett Ms I-M Bendixson Professor D M Bethea Dr L Christopoulou Dr T C Fardon Mr S S Gill Mr R S Greenwood Mr R J M Haynes Dr S F W Kendrick Dr S G A Pitel Mr P D Reel Mr P H Rutkowski Dr G M Shoib Professor M A Stein Dr K-S Tan Mr K S Tang Dr A S Witherden Mr M A Wood Dr H L W Yau 1995 Dr K J af Forselles Mr C Aitken Mr C Chew Ms H Y-Y Chung Dr J F L Cobbold Dr A C Cooke Dr P A Cunningham Dr S L Dyson Dr J S Feuerstein Mrs J A S Ford Dr M R Gökmen Professor J Harrington Dr E A Harron-Ponsonby Mr A J G Harrop Dr A E Jenkins Ms M C Katbamna-Mackey The Revd Dr J D McDonald Dr D N Miller Dr M A Miller Dr T J Nancoo Mr S M Pilgrim Cllr H C S Pipe Dr T C Porter Miss M-J Rhee Ms J K Rose Ms T J Sheridan Mr M J Soper Mr S J Taylor Mr S S Thapa Miss C J Thorpe Mr E G Woods 1996 Ms E J Barlow Miss C E Callaghan Ms S E Craig Mr J R F Dalton Mrs J H J Gilbert

Mr J D Goldsmith Miss E E Goodacre Mr I R Herd Miss K J Hoyle Mr S J Lakin Mr P MacBain Ms J L Nixon Dr I D Plumb Dr T Prestidge Mr P S Rhodes Mr D Scannell Mr D C Shaw Mr C M Stafford Mr A H Staines Mr P M Steen Mr D J Tait Ms E-L Toh Mr B T Waine Dr L H A Watkins Mr C G Wright Mr K F Wyre 1997 Dr U Adam Mr A J Bower Mr R Chee-A-Tow Mrs C Chu Dr M P Clarkson Mrs R V Clubb Mrs J R Earl Dr E J Fardon Dr J P Grainger Dr D M Guttmann Professor C E Holt Dr K G Johnson Ms V E McMaw Dr J B Morris Professor N Mrosovsky Dr S Nestler Miss R N Page Mr H D Pim Dr K S Tang Mr T J Uglow Mr E Zambon 1998 Mr I K Ali Ms H M Barnard Mr D M Blake Mr I D Cox Mr F W Dassori Mr L Dearden Mr S A Eder Mr J A Etherington Mr J M Faraday Mrs K M Grimshaw Mr H M Heuzenroeder Ms C Lo Nero Mr J R Marshall Dr R I R Martin Mr M H Matthewson Miss O M Mihangel Dr N A Moreham Mr H R F Nimmo-Smith Mr J C P Roos Professor R P L Scazzieri Dr T Shetty Ms S C Thomas Mr D J F Yates 1999 Mr R F T Beentje Mr D T Bell Mr P Berg Dr A Brady Dr C L Broughton Mr J A Brown Mr J A Cliffe Miss A S Greenwood Dr L Jin Mr M W Laycock Mr J W Moller Mr R H Owen Dr C Parrish Mr M A Pinna Mr A M Ribbans Dr J D Stainsby Miss J E Staphnill Dr P D Wright 2000 Mr R A D Allen Mr J F Campbell Mr M T Coates Dr W J E Hoppitt Mr J M Hunt Mr D D Parry Mrs K E Symons Mr J A P Thimont Dr G S Vassiliou Miss C H Vigrass Miss R K Walmsley 2001 onwards Miss R L Avery Miss R J Barker Mr T A Battaglia

Miss A F Butler Mr A C McK Butterworth Mr J J Cassidy Mrs R C E Cavonius Miss L C Chapman Mrs J A Collins Ms J L Cremer Dr M G Dracos Mr A L Eardley Mr J-M Edmundson Miss H A Fraser Mr T J Gardiner Mr J K Halliday Miss E R Harries Mr T S Hewitt Jones Mr T A Hodgson Sir Christopher Hum Mr J McB Hunter Miss E R James Miss M F Komori Mr J P Langford Miss F Law Mr M J Le Moignan Dr P A Lyon Miss J J-W Mantle Miss A C Marsden Mr T K Newby Ms Z Owen Ms L A Shafer Mr S J Sprague Mr C P Wood Miss J C Wood

Friends and Parents Mr & Mrs D J Abbott Professor J V Acrivos Professor M Alexiou Dr P S & Dr R Allan Dr H Arai Mr & Mrs A W Archer Professor E J Archer Mr J G Armstrong Dr & Mrs R E Ashton Mr G W Austin Mr & Mrs W J Babtie Dr & Mrs X Bao Mr & Mrs E R Barker Mr & Mrs I B Barr Mr & Mrs M J G Bates Mr & Mrs R E Bayliss Dr A G Bearn Mrs R Beatty * Dr & Mrs H J Beck Mr & Mrs C R Berry Mr & Mrs A R Best Mr R L Biava Mr & Mrs L P Bielby Mr P J & Dr A C Billings Mr & Mrs N W Bishop Mr G N Block & Miss P M Beaumont Mr M Bogaardt & Ms P M F Njissen Mr & Mrs J Borland Mr & Mrs C C W Bracey Dr A Bratkovsky Mr M Brenner Mr & Mrs M H Brent Mr & Mrs G Britton Mr & Mrs R C Brown Mr R L Buckner Mr D R & Dr S L Bunn-Livingstone Mr P J & Cllr A J Burrell Mr & Mrs J W Butler Mr & Mrs R J M Butler Mr & Mrs M C Butterworth Mr & Mrs G B Campbell Mr & Mrs L F Campbell Mr C Carroll Mr & Mrs A A Carruth Mr & Mrs A J Catton Mr & Mrs N F Champion Mr & Mrs G S Chan Dr & Mrs S Chandrasekharan Mr & Mrs C P Chapman Mr & Mrs I C Cheetham Mrs R A Chegwin Mr C Chen & Mrs C Zheng Dr & Mrs W C W Cheng Mr & Mrs D N Chesterfield Dr & Mrs J J Cheung Mr W G Clark Mr B Clément & Mrs C Clément Plancher Mr & Mrs J Collingwood Mr & Mrs M R Collins Mr & Mrs P Cookson Mr & Mrs R Cope Ms L A Cort Mr & Mrs J M Cox Mrs A F Crampin Mrs O Crick * Mr & Mrs R N Crook Mr & Mrs T W B Cullen Mr & Mrs P R Culliney Mr R R T Cummings Mr & Mrs I J Curington

Dr & Mrs P G Darragh Mr & Mrs G J Davie Mr & Mrs F J Davis Mrs S G Davis Mr & Mrs A R W Dawe Mr & Mrs J R de Fonblanque Mrs J de Groot Mr & Mrs N F C de Rivaz The Revd & Mrs D G Deeks Mrs M Demetriou Mr & Mrs R S Di Luzio Mr & Mrs M F Diviney Mr & Mrs J P Doddington Mr & Mrs R H C Doery Mr & Mrs A Dracos Mr L Du & Mrs S Q Yu Mr & Mrs R A Eardley Mr J Jones & Mrs S A EastonJones Mr & Mrs C N Edelman Mr & Mrs P Edwards Mr & Mrs A Elahi Mr & Mrs A Espin Mr & Mrs P Evans Mr & Ms J Fanshawe Mr & Mrs M J C Faulkner Dr & Mrs H Z Feldman Mr & Mrs B M Feldman Mr & Mrs P V Fellows Mr J C Felton Mrs T Felton Mr & Mrs S Ferdi Mrs M Field Mr & Mrs P J Filby Mr & Mrs A J Finlayson Dr & Mrs E Fishwick Mr & Mrs B Fitzgerald Mr & Mrs L Fleming Mr & Mrs F Fletcher Mr & Mrs H D Fletcher Mr & Mrs P E Fletcher Mr & Mrs R G Fletcher Mr & Mrs M G Foster Mr J Frieda Mrs A Fritz Professor & Mrs M Ghadiri Dr M C Gibberd Mr & Mrs M J Gilfedder Mr & Mrs N S F Glennie Mr & Mrs H Golding Mrs S Goldstein Ms P Gooch Robertson Professor J B Goodenough Mr & Mrs J Gosling Mr A Gounaras & Mrs A Temponera-Gounaras Dr P W Gower & Dr I Lewington The Revd & Mrs W S Graham Miss J Grierson Mr & Mrs I T Griffiths Mr & Mrs C Haddock Mr & Mrs A Hadjipanayis Mr & Mrs J S Halliday Mr & Mrs M J Hamilton Ms E Hamilton Mr B Sheng & Professor X Han Mr & Mrs P G Harrison Mrs V Harrison Mr & Mrs R Hashimoto Mr & Mrs S J Hayden Mr & Mrs M Heales Mr & Mrs I A Henderson Dr G N Herlitz Mr & Mrs T Hewitt Jones Dame Rosalyn Higgins Mr J H Hill Dr J S & Dr J J Hilliard Mr & Mrs A Hitchins Mr & Mrs V J Holt Mr & Mrs H S Hoo Mr & Mrs N A Horley Mr & Mrs A J Howe Mrs P M Hudson Mrs J A B Hulm Mr & Mrs R Impey Ms B A Jackson Mr P G & Dr J E Jennings Mr & Mrs P A C Johnson Mr & Mrs R S Johnson Mrs K Jones The Revd Professor D H Jones Mr & Mrs V Joshi Mr & Mrs P Karstadt Mr P Kelley Ms S Khan Mr & Mrs J C Kilburn-Toppin Mr & Mrs J S Kinghorn Mr & Mrs S A Kingsley Lt Col J H Kinkaid Mr R A Kitch & Mrs M K Majzoub Dr & Mrs M P Knight Mr & Mrs S C-S Ko Mrs F A MacE Komori Mr & Mrs S K Koo Mrs M Koyano Mr N J & Dr C M Kroll

Mr T W J Lai & Mrs M F Lai Leung Mr & Mrs D W Land Mr & Mrs J P Langford Mr & Mrs N A Langley Mr & Mrs P Lano Mr & Mrs P D Law Mr & Mrs P A Le Versha Mr & Mrs M E Lee Mr & Mrs H Lennard Mr & Mrs A W Leslie Mr & Mrs J M Lester Dr & Mrs J M Lewis Miss P Lewis Mr & Mrs I P Leybourne Mrs S A Lilienthal Mr B H Lim & Mrs S K Teoh Mr & Mrs M J Lloyd Mrs P A Low Mr & Mrs J D Lynchehaun Mr & Mrs N R W MacDonald Dr & Mrs H Malem Mr & Mrs S R Maton Mr & Mrs S Matsis Mr & Mrs M K L Maw Mr & Mrs P J McDonald His Honour Judge & Mrs D K McFarland Mr & Mrs C J M McGovern Dr C K & Dr J E McKnight Mr A Melchior Mr & Mrs J Miall Mr & Mrs P S Midgley Mr & Mrs J E Mills Mr & Mrs A Minichiello Mr & Mrs D J Moseley Dr & Mrs S Motha Mr & Mrs M Moynihan Mr & Mrs R E Mrowicki Mr & Mrs M L J Munro Dr & Mrs J D Murphy Mr & Mrs J Murphy Professor G D & Dr L S Murray Dr & Mrs K R Myerson Mr S Nackvi Mr & Mrs A T R Nell Professor P E Nelson Mr & Mrs M W Nicholls Mr & Mrs R Nicholls Mr & Mrs R W Northcott Mr D F O’Donoghue Dr & Mrs J P O’Driscoll Mrs C M Omand Mr & Mrs B E Padley Mr & Mrs S G Panter Mr & Mrs C N K Parkinson Mr & Mrs D A Parry Mr & Mrs N Patani Mr & Mrs C Patel Mr & Mrs K G Patel Mr J H Pattinson & Mrs M Gressenich-Pattinson Mr & Mrs A Paull Mr A D & Dr E Penman Mr & Mrs F A Penson Mrs R A Pickering Dr & Mrs P Pilavakis Mr & Mrs R Polyblank Mr W F Poon & Ms W L Chan Mr & Mrs V D Popat Professor & Mrs W S Powell Mr & Mrs M S Prevezer Dr A Prochaska Mr & Mrs B D Queen Mr E Quintana Dr G J G & Dr C A Rees Mr & Mrs G D Ribbans Mr & Mrs M D Rice Dr & Mrs J Richardson Mr & Mrs J C Richardson Mr & Mrs M Richardt Mr & Ms J R Ridgman Mrs J C Roberts Mr & Mrs I R Ross Mr & Mrs D Rowland Dr S McCausland & Mrs A P Russell Mr & Mrs P Rutherford Dr Y M Saleem Ms C Sano Mr & Mrs M D Saunders Dr & Mrs P K Sayal Wg Cmdr & Mrs G T Scard Dr & Mrs W G H Schartau Mr & Mrs K R Schneider Dr & Mrs A J Schurr Dr & Mrs L R Scott Mr & Mrs T J Scrase Mr A P Seabroke Mr & Mrs P Seely Mr & Mrs S G Shah Dr X Shan & Ms Q Lu Mr & Mrs R S D Sharp Mr & Mrs S J Sharratt Dr & Mrs J V Shepherd Dr & Mrs R L Sherman Mr & Mrs T J M Shipton Mr R Sills

* deceased

We also wish to thank those donors who prefer to remain anonymous

A gift to Caius counts towards the Cambridge 800th Anniversary Campaign.

Dr B K & Dr R Singh Dr D S & Dr S Sinha Mrs C Smeaton & Mr J A Kerr Mr & Mrs A R Smith Mrs B Smith Ms C A S Smith Professor R J Sokol Mr & Mrs M Spiller Mr & Mrs M J Sprague Mr & Mrs N F St Aubyn Dr & Mrs P S Stantchev Mr & Mrs G Stewart Mr L E & Dr Z Stokes Mr & Mrs W Summerbell Mr & Mrs M A Supperstone Mr S & Professor J E Svasti-Salee Mr & Mrs N S Swan Mr & Mrs R J Sweeney Mr & Mrs P Talwar Dr & Mrs B Tan Mr & Mrs M B Taylor Dr & Mrs P F Thanisch Mrs E T Thimont Dr R H M & Dr A M Thomas Mr D H Thomas Mr & Mrs N P Thompsell Mr & Mrs J E Thompson Mr & Mrs K H Tickell Mr & Mrs G L Todd Mr W G Topham Mr B N P Garvey & Ms A C Topping Mr & Mrs G Tosic Dr S J Treanor Mr & Mrs P Treanor Mrs G M M Treanor Mr & Mrs J P Tunnicliffe Mr P W Vann Dr G Venkat-Raman & Mrs K Raman Mr M J Vickers Mr & Mrs W D Vincent Mr & Mrs R von Eisenhart Rothe Dr S von Molnár Mr & Mrs D Walke Dr & Mrs J D Walker Mrs A J Walker Mr & Mrs M J Walsh Mr & Mrs P R Walton Dr & Mrs P Ward Mr & Mrs M T Ward Dr & Mrs Warner Mr & Mrs R H Warrington Mr & Mrs A S Watkins Mr R N Weller Mr I & Dr D C Whaley Mr & Mrs T C J White Mr & Mrs I G Whyte Mrs J Wight Mr & Mrs M B Wilkinson Mr & Mrs R E Willis Mr J G S Willis & Miss P A Radley Mrs A S Willman Mr & Mrs W R Wilson Dato’ S J Wong Dr & Mrs M O W Wong Dr A R & Dr H A Wordley Mr & Mrs J A Z Wright Mr Y Wu & Mrs Y Yuan Dr M Xie & Mrs Y Yang Professor Q Xu & Dr Y Hu Mrs M Yanagishima Ms E S G Yates Ms A Yonemura Mr & Mrs T F B Young Mrs H E M Young Professor & Mrs I S Young Dr W Yu & Ms B Chen Mr & Mrs E K J Zeh Mr G J Zhang & Ms S H Xiong Mr H Zhou & Mrs J Qi Mr S M Zinser

Corporate Donors Allen & Overy Altria Group Bidwells Property Consultants BP International Caius Club Cambridge Summer Recitals Cambridge Wine Merchants Deloitte Goldman Sachs & Co. Linklaters Livanos Charitable Trust MBNA International Bank Merck & Co. Michael Miliffe Memorial Scholarship Fund Microsoft Mondrian Investment Partners Stour Valley Antiquarian Society Tancred’s Charities The Freer Isackler Docent Corps UBS Wessex Fine Art Study Courses Wolfson Foundation

CaiMemories

34 Once a Caian...

Michael Barrett (1955)

Andrew Barrett

Jeff Aughton (1970) “Why don’t we all meet up again in the future on some memorable date – how about 9/9/1999?” I remember saying this to my colleagues very late one night while we were gathered in someone’s College room.

Unfortunately, although I thought about it many times afterwards, it seems that I was the only one in a fit state to remember what happened. As the years passed I began to suspect that I might be the sole attendee and a chance meeting at the College’s 650th anniversary celebrations confirmed my fears. However, out of that meeting a remarkable reunion was born.

The original agreement was made in 1971 when we were freshmen and at that time “28 years from now” may as well have been “never”. As graduates we inevitably drifted apart although some small groups remained in touch.

Following my meeting with John Robinson we contacted the other members of the group through College and on the evening of 9 September 1999 (though somewhat earlier than my preferred time of 9pm) we assembled in Gonville Court with friends and wives to celebrate.

As most of the participants had not met for 26 years there was a danger that the evening might have been an anticlimax and yet something marvellous happened. It was a stunning success.

We took photographs, caught up on the past quarter-century and swapped stories and addresses (including these new-fangled ‘e’ types). Also, we pledged to meet again but felt that waiting another 26 years was pushing it a bit so quickly decided that 11/11/11 was the most obvious date to reconvene. Look out for the report in a few years’ time!

Eaden Lilley

We are always pleased to receive CaiMemories for publication at: caimemories@ cai.cam.ac.uk

Jan Clark

Having lived in Australia for the past forty years, I enjoyed coming back to Caius for a few days in September 2008. I stayed in College while doing some research on the papers of my maternal great-grandfather, W T Stead, at Churchill College, and looked up my paternal grandfather, Dr Sidney Edward Barrett (1888) in the Caius Biographical History. While in England, I caught up with a few old friends from fifty years ago and I was lucky enough to go for a spin in what used to be my pride and joy, a 1932 Alvis Speed 20 Tourer.

Back in 1958, when the black-and-white photograph was taken at 3 West Road by my friend Jan Clark of Clark’s Shoes, the car was pillar-box red, often seen (and heard) around town, very fast and thirsty. It completed a trip to Ischia in the Bay of Naples in great style with myself and two Caius friends, Dr Tony Rubin (1955) and Tim Yarnell (1955). It was successful in competition at Snetterton in Norfolk.

The following year, I sold the car to Paul Garratt, who has owned it ever since. Paul has maintained it in original condition except for a few modifications in the interests of safety and reliability. It now sports British Racing Green livery, probably more appropriate to the age of both the owner and the vehicle. This photo was taken in Cheshire by my nephew Andrew Barrett in August 2008, fifty years on.

It was most exciting to drive in this classic car again: I’m delighted that it’s been looked after so well by a real enthusiast, who has preserved a treasure from the classic age of British motoring.

Left-right standing: Martin Bennett, Jacqui Bennett, Neil Kinnear, Joel Cliff, Bryan Missenden, Brian Sacks, Richard Gill, Laurence Brian, Duncan Colquhoun, Simon Young, John Robinson, Jeff Aughton, Helena Bates, Julian Bates Seated: Shannon Cliff, Pam Missenden, Joanna Sacks, Fiet Gill, Sue Colquhoun, Becky Martin, Sarah Kinnear, Zillah Tooley, Julie Aughton.

...Always a Caian 35 Erol Suleyman

Siobhan Wall (1979) One of my favourite memories of being at Caius was going for walks along the River Cam and picking wild flowers to take back to my attic room in Tree Court. Needless to say, the following morning there were numerous small black bugs scuttling around the vase and the flowers had to go, however pretty they were. Perhaps it was the influence of reading the Romantic poets that led to my idyllic country walks or just the fact of living in a very green city, but I sometimes wonder where I got my inspiration for ‘Quiet Amsterdam’, my new book about hidden, tranquil places in my new home city.

In 2000, after a decade of full-time lecturing in London, (at a university which

didn’t have a single blade of grass), my husband decided that the only way to stop me working too hard was to take me to another country, and as the internet connections in The Netherlands were excellent, that’s where we ended up.

So, after a few hours writing, most afternoons I would pick up a map, get on my bicycle, and just go off in search of all the green spaces in and around Amsterdam. I was entranced by the beautiful lakes, woods and nature reserves but also wanted the book to inspire visitors as well as people who lived here, so also took photos of museums, small hotels, cafes, gardens and ‘hofjes’. Quiet London is my next project, after which, who knows, maybe Quiet Cambridge?

Quiet Amsterdam is published by Image Found Publishers. It can be ordered online from www.imagefound.com ISBN 978 90 79865 01 7 Yao Liang

A Big Birthday Party Cambridge University started the celebrations for its 800th Anniversary with a spectacular light show on 17 January 2009, to the tune of bell-ringing from Great St Mary’s. Vast images of some of our greatest achievements were projected on to a screen made up of the Senate House and the Old Schools. Caian successes were prominent in the nine-minute display, including the discoveries by William Harvey (1593) on how blood circulates, Francis Crick (1949) on DNA and Stephen Hawking (1965) on black holes.

The many 800th celebratory events to come this year include a major London concert featuring Cambridge music and musicians on the evening of 22 July 2009. The College hopes that as many Caians as possible will reserve the date so that they can attend. Details of the venue will be sent by email to all Caians for whom the Development Office holds an email address as soon as the Booking Office opens.

Third Reich Correction No Caians but two relatives of Caians have spotted a small error on Page 13 of Issue 8 of Once a Caian... Emmet McIntyre, brother of Dr Sarah McIntyre (2000) and Andy Weaver, father of Holly Weaver (2008) both point out that in the photograph captioned “Tiger tanks in production, summer 1943” the vehicle shown is actually a self-propelled gun called the Sturmgeschütz III (Ausf G). Regius Professor Richard Evans (1998) agrees: the incorrect information was supplied by the German Bundesarchiv.

And finally...

In a recent issue of Trinity College’s alumni magazine, The Fountain, Professor Nicholas Wolpert argued that the principal reason for any animal having a brain was to control movement. His observation deserves to be shared with a wiser audience: “Without the need for complex movements we could, as trees have done, forgo the luxury of a brain.

Perhaps the clinching evidence for the movement-brain link is the humble sea squirt, a creature with a rudimentary nervous system that spends its juvenile life swimming around in the ocean. Early in its life it implants on a rock and never moves again. The first thing it then does is digest its own brain and nervous system for food! Once movement is no longer required, neither is the brain. This phase of the sea squirt’s life is often taken as an analogy to what happens to American academics when they settle down on being promoted to Professor.”

36 Once a Caian...

>

Your College l l i t s needs

by Mick Le Moignan (2004)

YOU!

An Appeal

F

our years ago, I adapted Lord Kitchener’s famous phrase to head the editorial in our first issue. After four years of increasing generosity from Caians and friends of the College (and a financial tsunami known as “the credit crunch” in the world at large) the College’s need for the active, wholehearted support of those who care about it is even greater than it was in 2004.

No apology is needed. Fellows, staff, students, Caians and friends have every right to feel proud of the College’s achievements and to treasure their own share in its work.

Few institutions have had such a beneficial effect on their own members and the world around them for over 660 years.

In this issue, we celebrate the part played

by Caius and Caians in seeing sooner than most the significance of China’s re-awakening and in building bridges of understanding between East and West. We celebrate our twelfth Nobel Prize winner, the first in Chemistry and the first Chinese-American – and we note Roger Tsien’s own warning not to be motivated or impressed by prizes since, he says, they are just a matter of luck!

It is easy to celebrate the high flyers and natural to feel pride in their achievements, as if a little of the “Swedish fairy-dust” might rub off on us, mere mortals. Just as valuable but harder to define is the way Caius nurtures and encourages the life of the mind in all who come here, fostering the freedoms of speech and thought, careful study, wide reading and rigorous intellectual debate.

On such fundamental values rests our civilisation’s defence against the ignorance, blind prejudice and bigotry that could destroy it.

The College is much more than our celebrated prize-winners: they fly the flag for excellence and inspire the rest of us, but the essence of Caius is more elusive and more pervasive: it is in the questioning and reasoning, the intellectual habits learned in youth and practised in maturity by Caians in all walks of life, all over the world.

That is why so many Caians come back to Cambridge 20, 30, 40 or 50+ years after graduating and feel instantly a sense of belonging, of returning to a vital, formative experience that helped to shape their beliefs and personalities. The ideal is what Dr Jimmy Altham (1965) calls “the joyfully seeking mind”, always enquiring and

...Always a Caian 37 enthusiastic but also discriminating, judging, weighing in the balance.

For Caians, involvement with Caius is a two-way process. On the one hand, in order to offer the meticulous attention to individual students that is the hallmark of a Cambridge education, the College needs continuing financial support from those who have benefited from this process in the past (and continue to benefit from it!).

Between a quarter and a third of the College’s annual budget of £10million comes in the form of voluntary gifts from Caians and friends. Without this support, the College would be in a desperate plight: with it, and with the additional support of the legacies that many Caians tell us they are leaving to the College, there is a real chance that in 20 or 30 years’ time, Caius will once again be self-supporting and able to admit the most gifted students, irrespective of their background, parental income or ability to pay. How liberating it would be, if our students no longer had to take out bank loans to pay for their own education!

‘‘

I find that I now feel

an affection and loyalty for

the College that I would not

‘‘

have thought possible, just a few years ago!

The other part of the two-way process is the pleasure many Caians get from renewing contact with the College and their contemporaries, long after their student days have finished. Caians are welcome to come back to Caius at any time and many take up the opportunity. The experience is even more enjoyable if shared with old friends: naturally, communal events like the May Week Party, the Annual Gatherings, the Benefactors’ Feast and the Caius Club Dinner are tremendously popular. Nostalgia for the past plays a part but it is the sense of shared values and a continuing sense of belonging to an exceptional community that really energises and excites people.

A Valediction On a personal note, by the time this issue is published, I shall have left Cambridge for the second time, almost forty years after the first. Once again, it will be with a mixture of regret for the loss of loyal friends and intellectual companionship and excitement about what the future may hold.

It was a great privilege to launch Once a Caian… and to explore the fascinating work being done by Caians in many different

areas, both in Cambridge and elsewhere.

Many have asked whether I worry about running out of material: the answer is a resounding “No!” Every Fellow and probably every Caian has an interesting story to tell, if he or she can be persuaded to tell it.

When the first issue came out, one Caian wrote back “If the College really needs money, stop wasting it on rubbish like this!”

A more heart-warming response came from another, after the fifth or sixth issue: “I find I now feel an affection and loyalty for the College that I would not have thought possible, just a few years ago!”

One of the things my time at Caius has made clear to me is that individuals may come and go but the College has a life of its own. I wrote in that first editorial: “This College is a continuous living channel of intellectual enquiry and expression stretching in an unbroken line all the way back to the Middle Ages.”

I am still fascinated by this notion of a chain of personal connections linking the Caians of today with all the others back to John Caius and even Edmund Gonville. For myself, I shall treasure the memories of creative collaborations with many people here, notably with Anne Lyon, Yao Liang, Jimmy Altham, Christopher Brooke, our two great Masters, Neil McKendrick and Christopher Hum, and many others.

I shall recall the pleasure of working with Stephen Hawking, the most extraordinary member of our community, who still dines with us once or twice a week at High Table and whose presence is both humbling and inspiring. For a man to do without so many of the common consolations that we take for granted and still to reach for the stars, to suffer so much and still to keep the sharpest sense of humour, to lose his body and still to put his brain at the service of human understanding – that is courage and dedication of an almost unfathomable order.

In future, if I am ever tempted to complain about my lot in life, I hope I shall be wise enough to think of Stephen – and say nothing.

I am moving to Australia, where I lived for many years, to work at the University of Sydney. I shall always be pleased to hear from fellow-Caians, by email, telephone or in person – and happy to offer a cold beer and a conversation to any Caian who turns up on my doorstep. I hope to take part in Caius gatherings in Sydney and elsewhere and I have a special message for any Australian Caians who have so far resisted the temptation to set up a regular donation (claimable against Australian income tax!) to the Caius Cambridge Australia Trust Scholarship Fund: it may be a big country, but I know where you live! And our College still needs us.

On Leaving Cambridge

by Xu Zhimo translated by Yao Liang (1963), Choo Liang and Mick Le Moignan (2004) Quietly, quietly, I am leaving Just as quietly as I came.

Gently, I wave goodbye To the clouds in the Western sky.

The golden willow on the bank of the Cam Stands like a bride in the sunset.

Her reflection shimmers in the water, And ripples in my heart.

The rushes in the soft river bed Sway and glisten underwater.

I’d gladly be a river reed Tossed by the currents of the Cam. In the shadow of the elm is a pool Not of clear spring water, but a rainbow from heaven Crushed and crumpled among the duckweed Leaving only a rainbow-like dream.

Searching for a dream?

Take a long pole and punt Gently back towards the greenest of green grass In a boat brimful of starlight, Singing out loud in the splendour of the starlight.

I cannot sing aloud now.

The flute and pan-pipes of parting have gone silent.

Even the clamorous summer insects are hushed for me.

Silence tonight in Cambridge.

Quietly, quietly I am leaving Just as quietly as I came, Careful not to brush away with my sleeve The faintest wisp of a cloud.

EVENTS & REUNIONS FOR 2009 Lent Full Term ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 13 March Telephone Campaign begins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday 14 March MAs’ Dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 20 March Annual Gathering (1987, 1988 & 1989) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuesday 24 March Caius Club Dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday 28 March Easter Full Term begins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuesday 21 April Stephen Hawking Circle Dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday 9 May Easter Full Term ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 12 June May Week Party for Benefactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday 13 June Caius Club Bumps Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday 13 June Caius Medical Association Meeting & Dinner . . . . . . . . Saturday 20 June Graduation Tea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thursday 25 June Annual Gathering (up to & including 1957) . . . . . . . . . . . Tuesday 30 June Admissions Open Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thursday 2 & Friday 3 July 800th Anniversary London Concert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wednesday 22 July 1969 Ruby Reunion Dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sunday 13 September Annual Gathering (1996 & 1997) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday 26 September Michaelmas Full term begins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuesday 6 October Please Note New Date: Commemoration of Benefactors Lecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sunday 22 November Commemoration of Benefactors Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sunday 22 November Commemoration Feast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sunday 22 November First Christmas Carol Service (6pm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wednesday 2 December Second Christmas Carol Service (4.30pm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thursday 3 December Michaelmas Full Term ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 4 December Caius Foundation Directors’ Meeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 4 December New York Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 4 December Patrons of the Caius Foundation Dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday 4 December

...always aCaian Editor: Mick Le Moignan Editorial Board: Dr Anne Lyon, Dr Jimmy Altham, Professor Wei-Yao Liang Design Consultant: Tom Challis Artwork and production: Cambridge Marketing Limited Gonville & Caius College Trinity Street Cambridge CB2 1TA United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)1223 339676 Email: onceacaian@cai.cam.ac.uk caimemories@cai.cam.ac.uk www.cai.cam.ac.uk/CaiRing/