Asam 1

Page 1


Spare Parts for Daewoo Cars

Catalogue Spare Parts & Consumables


Content

cuprins • tables de matièress • содержание DAEWOO CIelo/ Nexia ................................................................ 13 DAEWOO Matiz ............................................................................. 25 DAEWOO Tico ............................................................................... 35

Spare Parts for Daewoo Cars


Having a tradition since 1924, ASAM is one of the biggest industrial producers from Romania, its main activity being industrial and auto parts & subunits production. By tradition ASAM SA is oriented towards research and innovation, having a consistent portfolio of patents and inventions. This concern still exists today maintaining tradition in this way. Due to this fact the product portfolio and the production capacities are permanently adapted to the internal requirements and for export that are growing bigger and more complex. Cu o tradiţie încă din 1924, ASAM este unul dintre marii producători industriali din România, activitatea sa principală fiind producţia de piese şi subansamble auto şi industriale. Prin tradiţie ASAM SA este orientat spre cercetare şi inovaţie, având un portofoliu consistent de brevete şi invenţii. Această preocupare există şi astăzi continuând tradiţia. Datorită acestui fapt portofoliul de produse şi capacităţile de producţie sunt permanent adaptate cererilor interne şi pentru export tot mai mari şi mai complexe. Depuis l’année 1924, ASAM est l’un de plus grande producteurs industriels en Roumanie, son activité principale est la production des pièces et des subansembles auto et industrielles. ASAM SA est traditionnellement orientée vers la recherche et l’innovation, avec un important portefeuille des brevets et des inventions . Cette préoccupation exists aujourd’hui en pursue la tradition. En raison de cette, le portefeuille de produits et des capacités de production sont constantement adaptés à la demande intérieure et pour exporter de plus en plus et complexe. C 1924 года, «ASAM» S.A. является одним из ведущих румынских производителей узлов и запасных частей для машиностроения и автомобилестроения. По традиции «ASAM» S.A. ведет научно-иследовательскую и новаторскуюя деятельность, что свидетельствуется многими патентами. Таким образом, производственные мощности и продукция постоянно адаптируются требованиям внутреннего и зарубежных рынков.


ASAM SA was established in 1924 as The Administration of Aviation and Marine Establishments. In that moment it was functioning as a workshop of plane repairs for the 2nd Royal Military Flotilla. Starting with 1963, ASAM SA has ensured the repairs for trucks, tractors and utility vehicles (farm vehicles) of Russian and Romanian type. Since 1972 the new name is the Factory of Auto Parts (IPA in Romanian), the factory has started producing spare parts and assembles for cars and high tonnage equipment being an important supplier for ROMAN Brasov. Since 1991 IPA becomes again ASAM SA – (Auto Mechanical Assemblies & Subassemblies) Since 1992 ASAM SA has started producing car parts, and especially for Dacia cars, evolving and being still present today. In 2000 ASAM SA becomes a member of Conex Group Company and joins an intense retechnologization process, spreading the covering area of the manufactured products to diff erent brands and models of cars, trucks and utility cars. ASAM S.A. a fost înfiinţată în 1924 ca Administraţia Stabilimentelor Aviaţiei şi Marinei. În acel moment funcţiona ca atelier de reparaţii avioane pentru Flotila a II - a Regală Militară. Începând din 1963, fabrica se numea Întreprinderea de Reparaţii Auto (IRA) asigura reparaţiile pentru camioane, tractoare şi maşini agricole de producţie rusească şi autohtonă. Din 1972 noua denumire este Întreprinderea de Piese Auto (IPA), fabrica începând să producă piese de schimb şi ansamble pentru maşini şi utilaje de mare tonaj fiind un furnizor important pentru ROMAN Braşov. Din 1991 IPA redevine ASAM S.A – Ansamble şi Subansamble Auto şi Mecanice S.A. Din 1992 fabrica a început să producă piese pentru autoturisme, şi în special pentru autoturismele DACIA, lucru care a evoluat şi se realizează şi astăzi. În anul 2000 ASAM S.A. devine membră a Grupului de Firme Conex, şi intră într-un proces intens de retehnologizare, aria de acoperire a produselor realizate extinzându-se la nenumărate mărci şi modele de autoturisme, camioane şi maşini utilitare. ASAM SA a été fondée en 1924 en tant L’Administration de Les Établissements d’Aviation et de la Marine. A cette époque, a fonctionné comme un atelier de réparation des aéronefs pour la Flotte II - iemmé Militaire Royal. Depuis 1963, l’usine s’appelle Auto Repaire Entreprise (IRA); l’usine prévoit des réparations pour les camions, les tracteurs et les machines agricoles de production russe et autochtone. En 1972, le nouveau nom est Auto Pièces Entreprise (IPA), l’usine a commencé à produire des pièces de rechange pour les machines et les assembles pour la machinerie lourde étant un fournisseur majeur pour le ROMAN Brasov. Depuis 1991, IPA restauré ASAM SA - Ensembles et Sous-ensembles Auto et Mécanique. Depuis 1992, l’usine a commencé à produire des pièces pour les voitures, et en particulier pour les voitures Dacia, qui a évolué et est aujourd’hui réalisée. En 2000 ASAM S.A. devenir un membre de la Groupe des Sociétés Connex, et entrer dans un processus intense de modernisation, fabrique en s’étendant à de nombreuses marques et modèles de voitures, camions et voitures utilitaires. «ASAM» S.A. действовала под названием: Administraţia Stabilimentelor Aviaţiei şi Marinei (Управление Предприятиями Авиации и Морского флота), где ремонтировались самолеты II – й Королевской Военной Флотилии. В 1963 г. действует под названием Întreprinderea de Reparaţii Auto (I. R. A.): ремонт грузовиков, тракторов и сельскохозяйственной техники румынского и советского производства. В 1972 г., под названием Întreprinderea de Piese Auto (I. P. A.), производит запчасти и узлы для тяжелой техники оборудования, в т.ч. и для грузовиков «ROMAN» – Брашов. С 1991 г. I. P.A. становится снова «ASAM» S.A. - производтсво узлов и запчастей для автомобильной промышленности, а с 1992 г. - деталей для легковых автомобилей, в т.ч. для автомобилей DACIA и Daewoo, проект который постоянно развивается и на сегодняшний день. В 2000 году «ASAM» S.A. при входе в состав Группы фирм «Conex» начинает интенсивный процесс переоборудования и модернизации. При этом, постоянно расширился ассортимент продукции, который включает запчасти для многих марок автомобилей и грузовиков.


ASAM owns a modern foundry line with automatic moulding and performant induction furnaces with controlled atmosphere. It is biggest foundry of this type in Moldova, having a moulding capacity of 10 tons on a shift. ASAM laboratories are specialized in chemical analysis, metrology and mechanical tests, spectral analysis for moulded steels and metals, metallographic analysis, mechanical tests, hardness measurements. ASAM laboratories have RENAR accreditation. ASAM forge is equipped with press machines with big capacity, from 400 up to 1000 tons and a maxi press of 10.000 tons power. These equipments allowed the assimilation during manufacturing process of some forged parts being extremely complex. The matrices used in forging processes are designed and executed by ASAM specialists in SDV own division. The forge division owns 2 furnaces of medium capacity with controlled atmosphere – ensuring optimum heating of the semimanufactured good and high quality of the forged parts. ASAM dispune de o linie modernă de turnare cu formare automată şi cuptoare de inducţie performante cu atmosferă controlată. Este cea mai mare turnătorie de profil din Moldova, având o capacitate de turnare de 10 tone pe schimb. Laboratoarele ASAM sunt specializate în analize chimice, metrologie şi încercări mecanice, analize spectrale pentru oţeluri turnate şi metale, analize metalografice, teste mecanice, măsurări ale durităţii. Laboratoarele ASAM sunt acreditate RENAR. Forja ASAM este dotată cu prese de mare putere, de la 400 până la 1000 de tone, şi o maxi presă de 10.000 de tone forţă. Aceste dotări au permis asimilarea în fabricaţie a unor piese forjate extrem de complexe. Matriţele utilizate în procesele de forjare sunt proiectate şi executate de specialiştii ASAM în secţie proprie de SDV. Secţia forja dispune de două cuptoare de capacitate medie cu atmosferă controlată – asigurând încălzirea optimă a semifabricatului şi o calitate superioară a reperelor forjate. ASAM a une ligne moderne de fonderie avec formation automatique et des fours à induction performants avec atmosphère contrôlée. Elle est la plus grande usine avec ce profil dans la Moldavie, avec une capacité de moulage de 10 tonnes par quart de travail. Les laboratoires du ASAM sont spécialisés dans l’analyse chimique, de métrologie et d’essais mécaniques, l’analyse spectrale pour les moulages d’acier et des métaux, l’analyse métallographie et essais mécaniques, mesures de dureté. Les laboratoires ASAM sont accrédités RENAR. La forge ASAM est équipée avec presses mécaniques de grande puissance à partir de 400 à 1000 tonnes et une grande presse de 10.000 tonnes. Ces installations ont permis à l’assimilation de la fabrication des pièces forgées très complexe. Moules utilisés dans les processus d’établissements sont conçus et réalisés par des spécialistes ASAM dans sa propre section SDV. L’atelier de la forge a deux fours de capacité moyenne avec atmosphère contrôlé - assuré le chauffage optimal pour le semi-fini et une supérieur qualité pour les pièces forgées. «ASAM» S.A. оснащен современной автоматической линией литья и индукционными печами с контролируемой атмосферой, где могут отливаться 10 тонн деталей в смену. В лабораториях «ASAM» S.A. производятся: химический анализ, механические испытания, метрологические измерения, спектральный анализ стального литья и металлов, металлографические исследования и измерение твердости. Лаборатории «ASAM» аккредитированы RENAR. Контроль качества продукции «ASAM» S.A. обеспечивается опытным высококвалифицированным персоналом при помощи универсальных и специальных приборов и инструментов. Кузнечный цех «ASAM» S.A. оснащен мощным прессовым и вспомогательным оборудованием (прессы от 400 до 1000 тонн, макси-пресс в 10000 тс, нагревательные печи), которое позволяет изготовлять комплексные поковки. Штампы спроектированы и изготовлены специалистами «ASAM» в собственном инструментальном цехе.


ASAM owns a division of mechanical processing through splintering, with 5 distinct lines of manufacture that ensure the simultaneous development of many production processes. ASAM investments in this division are major and they consist in machine tools acquisition with a state of-the-art numerical command, in this way increasing quality and precision of the manufactured products. ASAM brand is recognized on the market with tradition for: clutch mechanisms – clutch disks and pressure plates – brake pumps, brake cylinders, brake limiters, brake disks, bendix system, and cardan (cross) universal joints, steering connecting rod, and pivots. The quality control of the products manufactured in ASAM is ensured by the technicians’ teams that have high qualifications & an experience of more than 10 years in manufacturing processes. The inspections are achieved with universal measuring instruments and with special control devices, ensuring in this way the isolation of the products that are not in conformity. ASAM dispune de o secţie de prelucrări mecanice prin aşchiere, cu 5 linii distincte de fabricaţie care asigură derularea în paralel a mai multor fluxuri de producţie. Procesele de prelucrare se execută pe maşini-unelte clasice, universale şi specializate. Investiţiile ASAM în această secţie sunt majore şi constau în achiziţionarea de maşini unelte cu comandă numerică de ultimă generaţie, crescând calitatea şi precizia produselor executate. Marca ASAM este recunoscută în piaţă cu tradiţie pentru: mecanisme de ambreiaj - discuri de ambreiaj şi plăci de presiune, pompe frână, cilindri frână, limitatori frână, discuri de frână, bendixuri, cruci cardan, bielete de direcţie, pivoţi. Controlul calităţii produselor executate în ASAM este asigurat de echipe de tehnicieni de înaltă calificare cu experienţă de peste 10 ani în procesele de fabricaţie. Verificările se realizează cu instrumente de măsură universale şi cu dispozitive speciale de control, asigurându-se izolarea produselor neconforme. Le portfolio des produits ASAM inclut: parts auto consommables pour les voitures roumaines et étrangères partis et consommables auto pour les voitures roumaines et étrangères, partis et consommables auto pour les voitures de grand tonnage camions et véhicules agricoles. La marque ASAM est reconnue sur le marché avec tradition pour: les mécanismes d’embrayage - disques embrayage et plaques de pression - pompes de frein, cylindres de frein, limiteurs de frein, disques de frein, système bendix, et joints de cardan universels (croix), bielle de conduite et pivots. La principale préoccupation des nos spécialistes est le développement du portefeuille des produits ASAM. Un programme extensif se développe, pour implémenter de parties nouvelle les plus fréquentes. Механическая обработка производится на 5-ти линиях, которые позволяют одновременную обработку разных деталей на классических, универсальных станках. Большие инвестиции были направлены на приобретении современных станков с ЧПУ, обеспечивая высокое качество и точность изделий. Товарная марка «ASAM» S.A. известна на рынке как производитель систем рулевого управления и сцепления, узлов тормозных систем и др.


From 2003 ASAM SA is TUV ISO 9001/2000 certified. Internally, ASAM products and processes are certified from the qualitative point of view by the competent authorities. (RAR, AFER - OCS, OMCAS). ASAM is ISO TS 16949 approved – fact that allows providing components for the first montage to car & truck manufacturers. Having in mind the continuous increase and diversification of parts and consumables demand for auto market, the commercial division supports the diversification of ASAM products portfolio with import initiatives that allow the introduction in the commercial circuit, and also in the production process new parts. The products are permanently tested by ASAM specialists, ensuring standards observation and they are certified by competent authorities also on manufacturing flow, and also on products lots. Din 2003 ASAM S.A. este certificat TUV ISO 9001/2000. Pe plan intern, produsele şi procesele ASAM sunt certificate din punct de vedere al calităţii de autorităţile competente (RAR, AFER - OCS, OMCAS). ASAM este agrementat ISO TS 16949 – fapt ce permite furnizarea de componente pentru prim montaj constructorilor de autoturisme şi camioane. Având în vedere cererea în creştere şi diversificare continuă pentru piese şi consumabile pentru piaţa auto, divizia comercială sprijină diversificarea portofoliului de produse ASAM cu iniţiative de import care permit introducerea in circuitul comercial, dar şi în procesul de producţie repere noi. Produsele sunt permanent supuse testărilor de către specialiştii ASAM, asigurându-se respectarea standardelor şi sunt certificate de către autorităţile competente atât pe flux de fabricaţie, cât şi pe loturi de produse. Depuis 2003 ASAM S.A. est certifié TUV ISO 9001/2000. En interne, les produits et les processus ASAM sont certifiés en termes de qualité des autorités compétentes (RAR, AFER - SCO, OMCAS). ASAM est intimement ISO TS 16949 - permettant la fourniture de composants pour les fabricants de premier montage de voitures et de camions. Compte tenu de l’augmentation de la demande et la diversification continue des pièces et consommables pour le marché automobile, la Division Commerciale soutient la diversification de portefeuille ASAM avec des initiatives d’importation qui permettent l’introduction aux circuits du commerce, mais aussi dans le procès de production de repères nouveaux. Les produits sont testés en permanence des spécialistes ASAM, assurer le respect des normes et sont certifiés par les autorités compétentes pour le flux de fabrication, et pour les lots de produits. С 2003 года «ASAM» S.A. сертифицтрован TUV ISO 9001:2000. На внутреннем рынке продукция и производство сертифицированы компетентными организациями контроля: RAR, AFER - OCS, OMCAS. Сертификат ISO TS 16949 дает «ASAM» S.A. право на поставку компонентов на конвейер производителям автомобилей и грузовиков. Ввиду повышения спроса на автозапчасти и их разновидности, коммерческий отдел поддерживает ассортимент изделий путем освоения и внедрения в производство новой импортной продукции., которая постоянно испытывается специалистами «ASAM» S.A. и проверяется и сертифицируется компетентными огранизациями на потоке производства и по-партиям.


Developing a diversified range of products and consumables for new generation cars, Romanian and foreign, represents a major objective of ASAM SA producer. Accomplishing this objective will ensure maximum chances in the consecration of ASAM brand on a decisive position on auto parts market from Romania and not only here. ASAM products portfolio includes: auto parts and consumables for Romanian & foreign cars, auto parts and consumables for high-tonnage cars (trucks and agricultural vehicles). The evolution of auto parts portfolio for cars started from Dacia 1300, 1310, 1400, 1304, 1307, Dacia Pick-up 1,9D car parts. Gradually, the portfolio has developed and develops continuously on Dacia Nova, SuperNova, Solenza, Logan and Daewoo (Cielo, Matiz, Tico, Espero). ASAM products portfolio destined for cars has a plurality of advantages that ensure the premises of an ascendant evolution on the market. Quality-price ratio of these products represent an advantage, being a viable choice for car owners. The main concern of our specialists is the development of ASAM products portfolio. An extensive development program is expanding, for implementing new parts that are addressed for both Dacia Logan cars, and also the most frequent new brand foreign cars. Dezvoltarea unei game diverse de piese şi consumabile pentru autoturismele de nouă generaţie, autohtone şi din import, constituie un obiectiv major al producătorului ASAM SA. Realizarea acestui obiectiv va asigura şanse maxime în consacrarea mărcii ASAM pe o poziţie decisivă în piaţa pieselor auto din România şi nu numai. Portofoliul de produse ASAM cuprinde: piese şi consumabile pentru autoturisme autohtone şi de import, piese şi consumabile pentru maşini de mare tonaj (camioane şi maşini agricole). Evoluţia portofoliului de repere pentru autoturisme a plecat de la piesele pentru Dacia 1300, 1310, 1400, 1304, 1307, Dacia Papuc 1,9D. Treptat, portofoliul s-a dezvoltat şi se dezvoltă în continuare pe Dacia Nova, SuperNova, Solenza, Logan şi Daewoo (Cielo, Matiz, Tico, Espero). Portofoliul de produse ASAM destinate autoturismelor deţine un cumul de avantaje care asigură premisele unei evoluţii ascendente în piaţă. Raportul preţ-calitate al acestor produse constituie un avantaj, fiind o alegere viabilă pentru posesorii de autoturisme. Preocuparea majoră a specialiştilor noştri este dezvoltarea portofoliul de produse ASAM. Există în derulare un program amplu de implementare de noi repere care se adresează atât autoturismelor Dacia Logan, dar şi celor mai frecvente autoturisme din import de nouă generaţie La marque ASAM est reconnue sur le marché avec tradition pour: les mécanismes d’embrayage - disques embrayage et plaques de pression pompes de frein, cylindres de frein, limiteurs de frein, disques de frein, système bendix, et joints de cardan universels (croix), bielle de conduit et pivots. L’évolution du portefeuille des parts auto pour les voitures a commerce de Dacia1300, 1310, 1410, 1307, 1304, Dacia Pick-up 1.9D, parts de voiture. Graduellement, le portefeuille a commercé à se développer et se développe continuellement sur Dacia Nova, SuperNova, Solenza, Logan et Daewoo (Cielo, Matiz, Tico, Espero, Nexia). Le portefeuille des produits ASAM destiné pour les voitures a une pluralité d’avantages qui assure les prémisses d’une évolution ascendante sur le marché. La rate qualité - prix de ces produits représente un avantage, étant un choix viable pour les propriétaires de véhicules. Основная деятельность наших специалистов – это развитие ассортимента продукции, при внедрении новых программ для а/м Dacia Logan, и импортных машин нового поколения. Постоянное развитие ассортимента запчастей для отечественных и зарубежных марок автомобилей нового поколения является главным направлением деятельности «ASAM» S.A. Выполнение этой цели позволило торговой марки «ASAM» S.A. занять важное место на румынском и зарубежных рынках автозапчестей.



DAEWOO Cielo / Nexia

Variants Variants

Engine

from year

to year

CP

cm続

CIELO

1.5

1995/04

1997/07

75

1498

CIELO

1.5

1994/06

1998/07

90

1498

CIELO (KLETN)

1.5

1996/08

1997/08

60

1498

CIELO (KLETN)

1.5

1995/02

1997/08

71

1498

CIELO (KLETN)

1.5

1995/02

1997/08

75

1498

CIELO (KLETN)

1.5 16V

1995/02

1997/08

90

1498

CIELO limuzina (KLETN)

1.5

1996/08

1997/08

60

1498

CIELO limuzina (KLETN)

1.5

1995/02

1997/08

71

1498

CIELO limuzina (KLETN)

1.5

1995/02

1997/08

75

1498

CIELO limuzina (KLETN)

1.5 16V

1995/02

1997/08

90

1498

CIELO LOAD RUNNER

1.5

1996/02

1997/08

75

1498


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Direcţie / Suspensie / Roti • Steering / Suspension / Wheels • Drection / Amortissement • Рулевое управление/ Подвеска/колеса DAEWOO CIELO

30333 Inner tie rod

Fitting position: front axle left Length [mm]: 429 Thread size: M16x1,5 With left-hand thread

Bieleta directie Direction/amortissement Тяга рулевая левая

30332 Inner tie rod Bieleta directie Direction/amortissement Тяга рулевая правая

50019 Tie rod end Cap bara Rotule de barre de connexion

07848281 96216618 26020916 90125567 0322125

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

07848281 96216618 26020916 90125567 0322125

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

26001807 0324039 90140007 96275018

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

07848281 96216618 26020916 90125567 0322125

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

90182694 96185971 96218397 96445371 90375505 90344217 5352014 0352123 0352161 0352169

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

90182695 90375506 96185972 96218398 96445372 90344218 0352127 0352124 0352162

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

Parte montare: punte fata stanga Lungime [mm]: 429 File: M16x1,5 Cu filet pe stanga Fitting position: front axle left Length [mm]: 429 Thread size: M16x1,5 With left-hand thread Parte montare: punte fata stanga Lungime [mm]: 429 File: M16x1,5 Cu filet pe stanga

Fitting position: front axle left cone size [mm]: 13 Thread size: FM16x1,5R Length [mm]: 65 Parte montare: punte fata stanga Dimensiune conus [mm]: 13 Filet: FM16x1,5R Lungime [mm]: 65

Наконечник тяги правый

50020 Tie rod end Cap bara Rotule de barre de connexion

Fitting position: front axle right Cone size [mm]: 13 Thread size: FM16x1,5L Length [mm]: 65 Parte montare: punte fata stanga Dimensiune conus [mm]: 13 Filet: FM16x1,5R Lungime [mm]: 65

Наконечник тяги левый

55139 Control arm Brat suspensie Bras de suspension Рычаг подвески в сборе Р лев левый

Fitting position: front axle left Equipped with:: 1) Bush, control arm mounting OE: 90235040/0352335 Outter diameter [mm]: 56 Inner diameter [mm]: 21 2) Bush, control arm mounting OE: 90335966/0352349 Inaltime [mm]: 59mm Outter diameter [mm]: 38,8/43,5 Inner diameter [mm]:14,2 3) Support-/Steering Link = Ball joint 50066 Parte montare: punte fata stanga Echipat cu: 1) Bucsa OE: 90235040/0352335 Diametru exterior [mm]: 56 Diametru interior [mm]: 21 2) Bucsa OE: 90335966/0352349 Inaltime [mm]: 59mm Diametru exterior [mm]: 38,8/43,5 Diametru interior [mm]:14,2 3) Rotula suspensie 50066

55140 Control arm Brat suspensie Bras de suspension Рычаг подвески в сборе правый

Fitting position: front axle right Equipped with:: 1) Bush, control arm mounting OE: 90235040/0352335 Outter diameter [mm]: 56 Inner diameter [mm]: 21 2) Bush, control arm mounting OE: 90335966/0352349 Inaltime [mm]: 59mm Outter diameter [mm]: 38,8/43,5 Inner diameter [mm]:14,2 3) Support-/Steering Link = Ball joint 50066 Parte montare: punte fata dreapta Echipat cu: 1) Bucsa OE: 90235040/0352335 Diametru exterior [mm]: 56 Diametru interior [mm]: 21 2) Bucsa OE: 90335966/0352349 Inaltime [mm]: 59mm Diametru exterior [mm]: 38,8/43,5 Diametru interior [mm]:14,2 3) Rotula suspensie 50066

14

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Direcţie / Suspensie / Roti • Steering / Suspension / Wheels • Drection / Amortissement • Рулевое управление/ Подвеска/колеса 50066 Ball joint Rotula suspensie

Fitting position: front axle, control arm left/right Overall length [mm]: 128 Overall height [mm]: 77,5 Fitted diameter [mm]: 14 Thread size: M 12x1,5mm Component of control arm 55139 & 55140

55182

Fitting position: rear axle left/right Materials: 37Cr10 molding 11500/2-89 STAS

Wheel hub Butuc roata spate

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

90142161

Cielo Nexia

90279331 90279332 90222850

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia

94535218 94797384

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia Nubira

2667886

Cielo Espero Lanos Nexia Nubira

DAEWOO CIELO

Шаровая опора рычага переднего

Parte montare: punte fata, brat suspensie stanga/ dreapta Lungime [mm]: 128 Inaltime [mm]: 77.5 Diametru montare [mm]: 14 Filet: M 12x1,5mm Componenta 55139 & 55140

Rotule de suspension

90375505 90375506 90342316 94786917 94788122 96216354 90272683 1603164 1603120

Parte montare: punte spate stanga/dreapta Materiale: 37Cr10 matrita STAS 11500/2-89

Moyeue de roue Ступица заднего колеса

15027 Wheel bearing

Fitting position: front axle, wheel left/right double row bearing Width [mm]: 37 Outter diamter [mm]: 64 Inner diameter [mm[: 34

Rulment roata Roulements de roue Подшипник заднего колеса

15030 Wheel bearing Rulment roata Roulements de roue Подшипник заднего колеса (большой)

15031 Wheel bearing

Parte montare: punte fata, roata stanga/dreapta rulment cu 2 raduri de bile Latime [mm]: 37 Diametru exterior[mm]: 64 Diametru interior [mm[: 34 Fitting position: rear axle, wheel left/right tapered roller bearing Width [mm]: 15 Outter diamter [mm]: 50.3 Inner diameter [mm[: 29 Parte montare: punte spate, roata stanga/dreapta rulment cu role conice Latime [mm]: 15 Diametru exterior[mm]: 50.3 Diametru interior [mm[: 29

Fitting position: rear axle, wheel left/right tapered roller bearing Width [mm]: 14.6 Outter diamter [mm]: 40 Inner diameter [mm[: 17.3

Rulment roata Roulements de roue Подшипник заднего колеса

Parte montare: punte spate, roata stanga/dreapta rulemnti cu role conice Latime [mm]: 14.6 Diametru exterior[mm]: 40 Diametru interior [mm[: 17.3

Innovation and tradition since 1924

15


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Angrenare Roată • Driveshaft • Entrainement Des Roues • Привод колеса DAEWOO CIELO

30051 Joint kit Articulatie planetara

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Materiale: 37Cr10 matrita STAS 11500/2-89

510734 26013813

Cielo Nexia

26002104 96243578

Cielo Espero Lanos Leganza Nexia Nubira Mitsubishi Carisma

Fitting position: front axle left/right Materials: 37Cr10 molding 11500/2-89 STAS

Jeu de joints - arbre de transmission Кулак ШРУС-а

50024 Bellow

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta, spre roata Diametru interior 1 [mm]: 23 Diametru interior 2 [mm]: 85 Inaltime [mm]: 145

Burduf planetara Jeu de joints -soufflets, arbre de transmission Комплект пыльников ШРУС-а колеса

16

Fitting postion: front axle left/right, wheel side Inner diameter 1 [mm]: 23 Inner diameter 2 [mm]: 85 Height [mm]: 145

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Sistem de Frânare • Brake System • Systėme De Freinage • Тормозная система 50037 Brake disc Disc frana Disque de frein

Fitting position: front; diam: 236mm; thickness: 19.9mm - vented; hub diam: 86mm; 4 holes

90121445

Cielo Nexia Lanos

90442995

Cielo Nexia Lanos

3492529

Cielo Nexia

NP1441 96226110

Cielo Nexia Lanos

90235420

Cielo Nexia Lanos

Parte montare: fata; diametru: 236 mm; grosime: 19.9mm - ventilat; diametru centrare: 60mm; 4 gauri

Тормозной диск вентилируемы

Brake pads Set placute frana Plaquettes de frein

Fitting position: front axel; length: 141.4mm; thickness: 16.5mm;

DAEWOO CIELO

50067

Parte montare: fata; lunigme: 141.4mm; grosime: 16.5mm;

Передние тормозные колодки (к-т)

55192

Fitting position: brake system; piston’s bore: 22.22mm

Brake pump

Parte montare: sist franare; alezaj piston: 22.22mm

Pompa frana Pompe a frein

50085 Brake shoes Saboti frana

Fitting position: rear axel; diameter: 200mm; width: 46mm Parte montare: spate; diametru: 200mm; latime: 46mm;

Machoires de frein Тормозные колодки задние (к-т)

55143

Fitting position: rear axel left/right; piston’s bore: 17.5mm

Brake cylinder Cilindru frana

Parte de montare: punte spate; alezaj piston: 17.5mm

Cylindre de roue Тормозной цилиндр задний

Innovation and tradition since 1924

17


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks Description Suspensie • Suspension • Suspension • Подвеска DAEWOO CIELO

50101 Shock absorber Amortizor suspensie Suspension amortisseur Амортизатор передний

50001 Shock absorber Amortizor suspensie

Fitting position: front axle left/right Type : oil & gas pressure system: bitubular Race: 150mm rod roughness: 0.05μm rod hardness: 21HRC

Application

96187438 96445038 96187439 96208556 96226992

Cielo Espero Nexia Lanos

90272953 7455025 90373164 96187422

Cielo Espero Nexia Lanos

96187433

Cielo Nexia

96169762

Cielo Nexia

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Tip amortizor: presiune ulei & gaz Sistem amortizor: bitubular Cursa: 150mm Rugozitatea tijei: 0.05μm Duritatea tijei: 21HRC Fitting position: rear axle left/right Type : oil & gas pressure system: bitubular Race: 240mm rod roughness: 0.05μm rod hardness: 21HRC

Амортизатор передний

Parte montare: punte spate stanga/dreapta Tip amortizor: presiune ulei & gaz Sistem amortizor: bitubular Cursa: 240mm Rugozitatea tijei: 0.05μm Duritatea tijei: 21HRC

30436

Fitting position: front axel

Coil spring

Parte montare: punte fata

Suspension amortisseur

OE Code

Arc elicoidal Reasort de suspension Пружина передняя

55144 Coil spring Arc elicoidal Reasort de suspension

Fitting position: rear axle left/right Coil diameter [mm]: 14,5 Diameter [mm]: 158 Length [mm]: 220 Parte montare: punte spate stanga/dreapta Diametrul spirei [mm]: 14,5 Diametru [mm]: 158 Lungime [mm]: 220L SPRING

Пружина задняя

18

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

96169762

Cielo Nexia

96178698

Cielo Nexia

96193918

Cielo Nexia

NP943

Cielo Nexia

NP944

Cielo Nexia

96211474

Cielo Nexia

96211473

Cielo Nexia

Elemente Caroserie • Body Parts • Carrosserie • Кузов 30184

Fitting position: front Material: plastic with high resistence to shock

Front bumper

Parte montare: fata Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Spoiler fata Pare-choc avant Бампер передний

Exterior mirror Oglinda

Fitting position: leftt Mechanical adjustment folding type

DAEWOO CIELO

55187

Parte montare: stanga Reglaj mecanic rabatabila

Retroviseur

55188 Exterior mirror Oglinda

Fitting position: right Mechanical adjustment folding type Parte montare: dreapta Reglaj mecanic rabatabila

Retroviseur

50057 Window regulator Macara geam usa fata stg. (Electrica)cielo Leve-vitre

Fitting position: front door left electric windows Steel cable drive. Materials: galvanized steel, Hard plastic (thermoset) Parte montare: usa fata stanga actionare geamuri electrica Cablu actionare din otel. Materiale: otel galvanizat, plastic dur (termorigid)

Стеклоподъемник электрический передний - левый

50106 Window regulator Macara geam usa fata dr.(Electrica)cielo Leve-vitre

Fitting position: front door right electric windows Steel cable drive. Materials: galvanized steel, Hard plastic (thermoset) Parte montare: usa fata dreapta actionare geamuri electrica Cablu actionare din otel. Materiale: otel galvanizat, plastic dur (termorigid)

Стеклоподъемник электрический передний - правый

30335 Door handle Clapeta usa fata

Fitting position: door front/rear left Materials: plastic with high resistence to shock Parte montare: usa fata/spate stanga Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Poignee de porte Ручка двери передней / задней правой

30336 Door handle Clapeta usa

Fitting position: door front/rear right Materials: plastic with high resistence to shock Parte montare: usa fata/spate dreapta Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Poignee de porte Ручка двери передней / задней левой

Innovation and tradition since 1924

19


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

DAEWOO CIELO

Elemente Optice • Optical Elements • Elementes Optiques • Оптичекие элементы 55162

Fitting position: front right for vehicles with electric headlight levelling

Headlamp

Parte montare: fata dreapta pentru vehicule cu reglaj lumini electric

96175346 96232205

Cielo Nexia

96186481 96208831

Cielo Nexia

26001806 0324038 90140006 96275019

Cielo Nexia

Far Projecteur principal Фара правая эл ектрическая (без привода)

55161

Fitting position: front left for vehicles with electric headlight levelling

Headlamp

Parte montare: fata stanga pentru vehicule cu reglaj lumini electric

Far Projecteur principal Фара левая эл ектрическая (без привода)

55191

Fitting position: front fender left/right equipped with bulb 12V/5W

Signaling lamp

Parte montare: aripa fata stanga/dreapta echipata cu bec 12V/5W

Lampa semnalizare suplimentara Lampe de clignotant

20

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Sistem Electric lectric • Electrical • Systėme Electrique • Электрическая система 30334 Starter Starte Electr Electromotor

Voltage [V]: 12 Power [kW]: 0.7 Flange diameter [mm]: 68 Clockwise rotation With reductor Number of teeth: 9

50006

Component of starter 30334 Number of teeth: 9

Starter bendix Bendix electromotor

Cielo Kalos Lacetti Nexia Nubira

93742495 104759974

Cielo Kalos Lacetti Nexia Nubira

Componenta electromotor 30334 Numar dinti: 9

DAEWOO CIELO

Стартер

Tensiune [V]: 12 Putere electromotor [kW]: 0,7 Diametru flansa [mm]: 68 Rotatie in directia acelor de ceasornic Cu reductor Numar dinti: 9

Demarreur

90094133 90348291 96208781 96430344 96430344R 96469960 96843577 96952005

Bendix demarreur Бендикс стартера

Aprindere Scânteie/ Incandescenta • Ignition • Allumage • Зажигание искровое/ накала 50010

Number of poles: 4 Numar poli: 4

01115467 96165049

Cielo Espero Nexia

94837756 12121258159 7826099300 9004851034000 4346796 7760382 1120836 94644687 AA13A 18110 90350018 7700553622 N 01781219

Cielo Espero Kalos Lanos Leganza Nexia

Ignition coil Bobina inductie Bobine d’allumage Катушка зажигания

30185 Spark plug Bujie scanteie Bougies d’allumage Комплект свечей зажигания

set 4pcs Eletrode gap [mm]: 8 Tightening torque [mm]: 28 Outter thread [mm]: 14 Thread pitch [mm]: 1,25 Thread length [mm]: 19 Spanner size: 20,8 Spark position [mm]: 3 Number of poles: 1 set 4bc Distanta dintre electrozi [mm]: 8 Moment strangere [mm]: 28 Filet exterior [mm]: 14 Pas filet[mm]: 1,25 Lungime filet [mm]: 19 Deschidere cheie: 20,8 Pozitia scanteii [mm]: 3 Numar poli: 1

Innovation and tradition since 1924

21


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks Description Filtre • Filters • Filtre • Фильтры DAEWOO CIELO

01148 Oil filter Filtru ulei Filtre a huile Фильтр масляный

50041

Outer diameter [mm]: 76 Inner diameter1 [mm]: 62 Inner diameter2 [mm]: 71 Thread size [mm]: M18x1.5 Height [mm]: 79 Diametru exterior [mm]: 76 Diametru interior 1 [mm]: 62 Diamertru interior 2[mm]: 71 Filet [mm]: M18x1.5 Inaltime [mm]: 79

Length [mm]: 247 Width [mm]: 210.5 Height [mm]: 41

Air filter Filtru aer Filtre a air

OE Code

Application

94797406 96352845 96458873D 96879797 MLS000-530 5016786 93156300 650401 7701415070 4502696

Cielo Espero Lanos Leganza Nexia Nubira Rezzo

92060868 3053193 25062268 834251VAF-540

Cielo Espero Nexia

25055129 96130396 25055046 02C2C4163 ERS3117

Cielo Espero Nexia

Lungime [mm]: 247 Latime [mm]: 210.5 Inaltime [mm]: 41

Фильтр воздушный

50042

Diameter [mm]: 55 Height [mm]: 114 Thread size 1/2: M16x1.5

Fuel filter Filtru combustibil Filtre a carburant

Diametru [mm]: 55 Inaltime [mm]: 114 Filet 1/2: M16x1.5

Фильтр топливный (бензин)

Sistem Răcire / Incalzire / Aer Conditionat • Cooling System / Air Conditioning • Systėme De Refroidissement • Система охлаждения / кондиционер воздуха 50068

Fitting position: cooling system; teeth no.: 19

Water pump

Parte montare: sist racire; nr dinti 19

90349239 96351969 90325660

Cielo Nexia Lanos

96144847

Cielo Nexia

3059812

Cielo Nexia

Pompa apa Pompe a eau Насос водяной (помпа)

50073 Water radiator Radiator apa

Fitting position: cooling system; dimensions: 635x382x25 Parte montare: sist racire; dimens: 635x382x25

Radiator, refroidissement Радиатор водяной (охлаждение)

50118

Fitting position: heating system; dimensions: 205x140x50

Heating radiator

Parte montare: sist incalzire; dimens: 205x140x50

Radiator incalzire Radiator, chauffage Радиатор нагревательный

22

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Transmisie/Motor/Ambreiaje • Transmission/Engine/Clutch Parts • Transmission/ Moteur/Embrayage • Трансмиссия / двигатель / подача топлива / сцепления 50035 Clutch disc Disc ambreiaj Disque d’emabrayage Диск сцепления

Clutch plate Placa presiune Plateau de pression

96408516 96129618

Cielo Nexia

96183980 96343035

Cielo Nexia Lanos

96181631

Cielo Nexia Lanos

96184047

Cielo Nexia Lanos

96167964

Cielo Nexia Lanos

96350078 96494976

Cielo Nexia

96350159 96353242 96351893 90298370

Cielo Nexia

Parte montare: sist. transmisie; diam. ext.: 200mm; diam int: 133mm; diam centrare: 20.7mm; nr. dinti: 24 Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 205mm; inner diameter: 133mm

DAEWOO CIELO

50065

Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 200mm; inner diameter: 133mm; hub diameter: 20.7mm; teeth no.: 24

Parte montare: sist transmisie; diam. ext.: 205mm; diam int: 133mm; diam montaj: 267mm

Корзина сцепления

30338 Releaser Rulment presiune Butte d’embrayage

Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 68mm; inner diameter: 39mm Parte montare: sistem transmisie; diam. ext: 68mm; diam. int.: 39mm; inaltime: 31mm

Подшипник выжимной

50025 Slave cylinder Cilindru ambreiaj

Fitting position: transmission system; piston’s bore: 20.5mm; distance between fixing holes: 52mm Parte montare: sistem transmisie; alezaj piston: 20.5mm; dist intre gaurile de fixare: 52mm

Cylindre a recepteur, embreyage Цилиндр сцепления

30337

Fitting position: transmission system; piston’s bore: 15.9mm

Master cylinder, clutch

Parte montare: sist transmisie; alezaj piston: 15.9mm;

Pompa ambreiaj Cylinder emetteur, embrayage Насос сцепления

50070

Fitting position: fuel supply system; pressure: 3.5 bar

Complete fuel pump

Parte montare: sist almentare; presiune 3.5 bar

Ansamblu pompa benzina Unite d’inection de carburant Насос топливный (бензин)

50071

Fitting position: lubrification system

Oil pump

Parte montare: sistem ungere;

Ansamblu pompa ulei Pompe d’huile Насос масляный (2-х сторонний)

Innovation and tradition since 1924

23


Spare parts for Daewoo cars ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Sistem de Eşapament • Exhaust System • Systėme D’echappement • Выхлопная система DAEWOO CIELO

Photo

55194

End Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba finala Material: tabla otel aluminizata

304060 96180143

Cielo Nexia

304050 96143650

Cielo Nexia

100.541.00.00 96351141

Cielo Nexia

0

Cielo Nexia

302060 96144714

Espero

302050 96143836

Espero

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

55195

Middle Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba intermediara Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

55203

Material: aluminized steel sheet Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Catalyzer Ansamblu catalizator Catalyseur

55205

Material: aluminized steel sheet

Catalyzer tube

Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Teava catalizator Catalyseur

55196

End Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba finala Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

55197

Middle Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba intermediara Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

24

Innovation and tradition since 1924


DAEWOO Matiz

Variants Variants

Engine

MATIZ (KLYA)

0.8

MATIZ (KLYA)

1.0

MATIZ caroserie (KLA4)

0.8

from year

to year

CP

cm続

1998/09

52

796

2003/01

64

995

1998/08

52

796


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Direcţie / Suspensie / Roti • Steering / Suspension / Wheels • Drection / Amortissement • Рулевое управление/ Подвеска/колеса Fitting position: front axle left/right Overall length [mm]: 319 Inner diameter [mm]: 10 Overall height [mm]: 65 Fitted diameter [mm]: 15

55015 Control arm Brat suspensie Bras de suspension

DAEWOO MATIZ

Рычаг+шаровая опора передние

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Lungime [mm]: 319 Diametru interior [mm]: 10 Inaltime [mm]: 65 Diametru montare [mm]: 15 Fitting position: front axle left/right Length [mm]: 72 Thread size [mm]: 12x1,5

55142 551 142 Tie rod end

96316765 09208987 4520069D00 45200A70B00 45200A78B00 45200A78B01 4520050E00 4520078000 4520078002 45200A50E11

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz Opel: Agila Suzuki: Wagon

93741077 93741091

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

96316757

Matiz

96285525 96316761

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

96316634

Daewoo: Matiz Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

96316635

Daewoo: Matiz Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Lungime [mm]: 72 Filet: 12x1,5

Cap bara Rotule de barre de connexion

55186

Fitting position: front axle left/right Materials: 37Cr10 molding 11500/2-89 STAS

Wheel hub

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Materiale: 37Cr10 matrita STAS 11500/2-89

Butuc roata fata Moyeue de roue

55185 Wheel bearing kit Kit rulment roata Roulements de roue

15002 150 002 Wheel bearing Rulment roata Roulements de roue Подшипник заднего колеса (большой)

15001 Wheel bearing Rulment roata Roulements de roue Подшипник заднего колеса (маленький)

26

Fitting position: front axle, wheel left/right Kit includes: 2tapered roller bearings + 1spacer Width [mm]: 15.9 Outter diamter [mm]: 59.98 Inner diameter [mm[: 35 Parte montare: punte fata, roata stanga/dreapta Kit-ul contine: 2rulmenti cu role conice + 1distantier Latime [mm]: 15.9 Diametru exterior[mm]: 59.98 Diametru interior [mm[: 35 Fitting position: rear axle, wheel left/right tapered roller bearing Width [mm]: 16 Outter diamter [mm]: 52 Inner diameter [mm[: 25 Parte montare: punte spate, roata stanga/dreapta rulment cu role conice Latime [mm]: 16 Diametru exterior[mm]: 52 Diametru interior [mm[: 25

Fitting position: rear axle, wheel left/right tapered roller bearing Width [mm]: 16 Outter diamter [mm]: 47 Inner diameter [mm[: 20 Parte montare: punte spate, roata stanga/dreapta rulment cu role conice Latime [mm]: 16 Diametru exterior[mm]: 47 diametru interior [mm[: 20

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Direcţie / Suspensie / Roti • Steering / Suspension / Wheels • Drection / Amortissement • Рулевое управление/ Подвеска/колеса

Wheel rim Janta tabla Jante tole

Diameter: 13”” Width: 4.5”” Mounting holes: 4x1114x14mm Material: OL37 A2/A3

96535670 96272848

Daewoo: Matiz Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

Diametrul jantei: 13” Latimea jantei:4.5” Gauri prindere:4x114x14mm Materiale: OL37 A2/A3

Диск колесный (стальной)

Angrenare Roată • Driveshaft • Entrainement Des Roues • Привод колеса 53012 Joint kit Articulatie planetara Jeu de joints - arbre de transmission Кулак ШРУС-а

53014 Bellow Burduf planetara Jeu de joints -soufflets, arbre de transmission

Fitting position: front axle left/right, wheel side Externel teeth: 23 Internal teeth: 19 Seal diameter [mm]: 46 Diameter [mm]: 72 Outter thread: M18x1,5

96273570 96273571 93741015

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz

96273573 44106-78800000 04438-87113 44333-SB2761 B00122530A 15022-530

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Daihatsu: Charade, Cuore, Move, Sirion Kia: Pride Mazda: Demio Nissan: Micra

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta, spre roata Nr. caneluri, exterior: 23 Nr. caneluri, interior: 19 Diametru montaj butuc roata [mm]: 46 Diametru [mm]: 72 Filet exterior: M18x1,5 Fitting postion: front axle left/right, wheel side Inner diameter 1 [mm]: 20 Inner diameter 2 [mm]: 68 Height [mm]: 84 Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta, spre roata Diametru interior 1 [mm]: 20 Diametru interior 2 [mm]: 68 Inaltime [mm]: 84

Комплект пыльников ШРУС-а колеса

Innovation and tradition since 1924

27

DAEWOO MATIZ

53026


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Sistem de Frânare • Brake System • Systėme De Freinage • Тормозная система Fitting position: front; diam: 236mm; thickness: 12.5mm - full; hub diam: 86mm; 4 holes

53018 Brake disc Disc frana Disque de frein

96284392

Matiz

96316600

Matiz

96316580

Matiz

96316582

Matiz Lanos

96268686

Matiz

96518606

Matiz

Parte montare: fata; diametru: 236 mm; grosime: 12.5mm - plin; diametru centrare: 86mm; 4 gauri

Тормозной диск передний

Fitting position: front axel right; diam: 48mm; for br. disc type - full (thickness: 12.5mm); piston’s bore: 48mm

DAEWOO MATIZ

55183 Caliper Etrier frana Etrier de frein

Parte montare: fata dreapta; diametru: 48mm; pentru disc plin (grosime 12.5mm); alezaj piston: 48mm

Суппорт тормозных колодок правый Fitting position: front axel left; diam: 48mm; for br. disc type - full (thickness: 12.5mm); piston’s bore: 48mm

55184 Caliper Etrier frana Etrier de frein

Parte montare: fata stanga; diametru: 48mm; pentru disc plin (grosime 12.5mm); alezaj piston: 48mm

Суппорт тормозных колодок левый Fitting position: front axel; length: 126.7mm; thickness: 16mm; height: 48.4mm

53031 Brake pads Set placute frana Plaquettes de frein

Parte montare: fata; lunigme: 126.7mm; grosime: 16mm; inaltime: 48.4mm

Тормозные колодки передние - (к-т)

Fitting position: rear axel; diameter: 180mm; width: 31mm

53041 Brake shoes Saboti frana Machoires de frein

Parte montare: spate; diametru: 180mm; latime: 31mm;

Тормозные колодки задние (к-т)

53015

Fitting position: rear axel left/right; piston’s bore: 17.5mm

Brake cylinder

Parte de montare: punte spate dr./stg.; alezaj piston: 17.5mm

Cilindru frana Cylindre de roue Тормозной цилиндр задний

28

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

96316745 96318056

Matiz

96316746 96318057

Matiz

96316781 96342033 96610023

Matiz

Suspensie • Suspension • Suspension • Подвеска

Shock absorber Amortizor suspensie Suspension amortisseur Амортизатор передний правый

53055 Shock absorber Amortizor suspensie Suspension amortisseur Амортизатор передний правый

53003 Shock absorber Amortizor suspensie Suspension amortisseur Амортизатор задний

Fitting position: front axle left Type : oil & gas pressure system: bitubular Race: 160 rod roughness: 0.05μm rod hardness: 21HRC

DAEWOO MATIZ

53054

Parte montare: punte fata stanga Tip amortizor: presiune ulei & gaz Sistem amortizor: bitubular Cursa: 160mm Rugozitatea tijei: 0.05μm Duritatea tijei: 21HRC” End Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet Fitting position: front axle right Type : oil & gas pressure system: bitubular Race: 160 rod roughness: 0.05μm rod hardness: 21HRC Parte montare: punte fata dreapta Tip amortizor: presiune ulei & gaz Sistem amortizor: bitubular Cursa: 160mm Rugozitatea tijei: 0.05μm Duritatea tijei: 21HRC” Material: aluminized steel sheet Fitting position: rear axle left/right Type : oil & gas pressure system: bitubular Race: 140 rod roughness: 0.05μm rod hardness: 21HRC Parte montare: punte spate stanga/dreapta Tip amortizor: presiune ulei & gaz Sistem amortizor: bitubular Cursa: 140mm Rugozitatea tijei: 0.05μm Duritatea tijei: 21HRC

Innovation and tradition since 1924

29


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

96317584

Matiz

96317589

Matiz

96323345

Matiz

96323344

Matiz

96507784

Matiz

96507783

Matiz

Elemente Caroserie o • Body Parts • Carrosserie • Кузов 55176

Fitting position: front Material: plastic with high resistence to shock

Front bumper

Parte montare: fata Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Spoiler fata Pare-choc avant

DAEWOO MATIZ

Бампер передний

55177

Fitting position: rear Material: plastic with high resistence to shock

Rear bumper

Parte montare: spate Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Spoiler spate Pare-choc arriere Бампез задний

55190

Fitting position: right Mechanical adjustment folding type

Exterior mirror

Parte montare: dreapta Reglaj mecanic rabatabila

Oglinda Retroviseur

55189

Fitting position: leftt Mechanical adjustment folding type

Exterior mirror

Parte montare: stanga Reglaj mecanic rabatabila

Oglinda Retroviseur

55180

Fitting position: door front right Materials: plastic with high resistence to shock

Door handle

Parte montare: usa fata dreapta Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Clapeta usa fata dr.Matiz Poignee de porte Ручка двери передней правой

55181

Fitting position: door front left Materials: plastic with high resistence to shock

Door handle

Parte montare: usa fata stanga Material: plastic cu rezistenta sporita la soc

Clapeta usa fata stg.Matiz Poignee de porte Ручка двери передней левой

30

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Elemente Optice • Optical Elements • Elementes Optiques • Оптичекие элементы Fitting position: front right for vehicles without electric headlight levelling

Headlamp

Parte montare: fata dreapta pentru vehicule fara reglaj lumini electric

93741102 96507854A

Matiz

93741101 96507853A

Matiz

96507856 96314271

Matiz

96507855 96314270

Matiz

DAEWOO MATIZ

55167

Far Projecteur principal Фара правая механическая

55168

Fitting position: front left for vehicles without electric headlight levelling

Headlamp

Parte montare: fata stanga pentru vehicule fara reglaj lumini electric

Far Projecteur principal Фара левая механическая

55174

Fitting position: front right for vehicles with electric headlight levelling

Headlamp

Parte montare: fata dreapta pentru vehicule cu reglaj lumini electric

Far Projecteur principal Фара правая электрическая

55175

Fitting position: front left for vehicles with electric headlight levelling

Headlamp

Parte montare: fata stanga pentru vehicule cu reglaj lumini electric

Far Projecteur principal Фара левая электрическая

Innovation and tradition since 1924

31


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Sistem Electric Electr • Electrical • Systėme Electrique • Электрическая система Voltage [V]: 12 Power [kW]: 0.8 Flange diameter [mm]: 75 Clockwise rotation Number of teeth: 8

55193 Starter

DAEWOO MATIZ

Electromotor Demarreur

Tensiune [V]: 12 Putere electromotor [kW]: 0,7 Diametru flansa [mm]: 75 Rotatie in directia acelor de ceasornic Numar dinti: 8

53008

Component of starter 55193 Number of teeth: 8

Starter bendix

Componenta electromotor 55193 Numar dinti: 8

96497700

Matiz

93740994

Matiz

Bendix electromotor Bendix demarreur Бендикс

Aprindere Scânteie/ Incandescenta • Ignition • Allumage • Зажигание искровое/ накала 55173 Spark plug Bujie scanteie Bougies d’allumage Свечи зажигания - (к-т)

32

set 3pcs Eletrode gap [mm]: 8 Tightening torque [mm]: 28 Outter thread [mm]: 14 Thread pitch [mm]: 1,25 ; Thread length [mm]: 19 Spanner size: 20,8 ; Spark position [mm]: 3 Number of poles: 1

94535748 0242229531 96503394 94644685 7700103502 9008091236 N01781156

set 3bc Distanta dintre electrozi [mm]: 8 Moment strangere [mm]: 28 Filet exterior [mm]: 14; Pas filet[mm]: 1,25 Lungime filet [mm]: 19 ;Deschidere cheie: 20,8 Pozitia scanteii [mm]: 3 Numar poli: 1

Innovation and tradition since 1924

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks Description Filtre • Filters • Filtre • Фильтры 01149

Filtru ulei Filtre a huile Фильтр масляный

01233 Air filter Filtru aer

Diameter exterior [mm]: 66 Diametru interior 1 [mm]: 54 Diamertru interior 2[mm]: 62 Filet [mm]: 3/4-16 UNF Inaltime [mm]: 65 Length [mm]: 192 Width [mm]: 203 Height [mm]: 35

Application

96570765 96565412 15601-87107 092.22.335 15208-4A00A 16510-60B11

Matiz

96314494 PC2150E

Matiz

96335719 96281411 25121074 60811822 46441236 46403932 25121353 25313359 808568 6X0201511B 6X0201511 6X0201511B 6X0201511

Lacetti Lanos Leganza Matiz Nubira Rezzo

DAEWOO MATIZ

Oil filter

Outer diameter [mm]: 66 Inner diameter1 [mm]: 54 Inner diameter2 [mm]: 62 Thread size [mm]: 3/4-16 UNF Height [mm]: 65

OE Code

Lungime [mm]: 192 Latime [mm]: 203 Inaltime [mm]: 35

Filtre a air Фильтр воздушный

53024 Fuel filter Filtru combustibil

Diameter [mm]: 55 Height [mm]: 163 Outlet/Inlet diameter[mm]: 7.9 Diametru [mm]: 55 Inaltime [mm]: 163 Diametru admisie/evacuare [mm]: 7.9

Filtre a carburant Фильтр топливный BFB 0033 (бензин)

Sistem Răcire / Incalzire / Aer Conditionat • Cooling System / Air Conditioning • Systėme De Refroidissement • Система охлаждения / кондиционер воздуха 55069

Fitting position: cooling system; teeth no: 22

Water pump

Parte monatre: sist racire; nr. dinti: 22

Pompa apa

96518977 17400-A60D01

Matiz

96314162

Matiz

Pompe a eau Насос водяной (помпа)

55178

Fitting position: cooling system; dimensions: 458x259x27

Water radiator

Parte montare: sist racire; dimens: 458x259x27

Radiator apa Radiator, refroidissement Радиатор водяной (охлаждение)

Innovation and tradition since 1924

33


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Transmisie/Motor/Ambreiaje • Transmission/Engine/Clutch Parts • Transmission/ Moteur/Embrayage y • Трансмиссия / двигатель / подача топлива / сцепления 55039 Clutch disc Disc ambreiaj Disque d’emabrayage Диск сцепления

Clutch plate Placa presiune Plateau de pression

96612552 22400A78B20

Matiz

96563582 96249466 22100A78B00

Matiz

96563403 96320232

Matiz

Parte montare: sist. transmisie; diam. ext.: 171mm; diam int: 110mm; diam centrare: 19mm; nr. dinti: 18 Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 171mm; inner diameter: 110mm;

55158

DAEWOO MATIZ

Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 171mm; inner diameter: 110mm; hub diameter: 19mm; teeth no.: 18

Parte montare: sist transmisie; diam. ext.: 171mm; diam int: 110mm; diam montaj: 219mm

Суппорт тормозных колодок правый

55179 Complete fuel pump Ansamblu pompa benzina Unite d’injection de carburant Бензонасос в сборе

Fitting position: in the fuel tank Electric operation mode Diameter [mm]: 108 Length [mm]: 282 Pressure [bar]: 3,5 Pressure [psi]: 50,75 Voltage [V]: 12 Parte montare: in rezervor combustibil Mod operare: electric Diametru [mm]: 108 Lungime [mm]: 282 Presiune [bar]: 3,5 Presiune [psi]: 50,75 Tensiune [V]: 12

Sistem de e Eşapament E • Exhaust System • Systėme D’echappement • Выхлопная система ма 55198

End Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba finala Material: tabla otel aluminizata

302860 96318319 96323045

Matiz

100.636.00.00 96318316 96323065

Matiz

100.464.00.00 96314233

Matiz

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

55199

Middle Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba intermediara Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

Material: aluminized steel sheet

55204

Material: tabla otel aluminizata Catalyzer Ansamblu catalizator Catalyseur

34

Innovation and tradition since 1924


DAEWOO Tico

Variants Variants

Engine

from year

to year

CP

cm続

TICO

0.5 S

1989/05

1996/03

30

543

TICO (KLY3)

0.8

1995/02

2000/12

48

796

TICO (KLY3)

0.8

1996/01

2000/12

52

796


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Direcţie / Suspensie / Roti • Steering / Suspension / Wheels • Drection / Amortissement • Рулевое управление/ Подвеска/колеса Fitting position: front axle left/right Overall length [mm]: 319 Inner diameter [mm]: 10 Overall height [mm]: 65 Fitted diameter [mm]: 15

55015 Control arm Brat suspensie Bras de suspension Рычаг+шаровая опора передние

Fitting position: front axle left/right Length [mm]: 72 Thread size [mm]: 12x1,5

55142

DAEWOO TICO

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Lungime [mm]: 319 Diametru interior [mm]: 10 Inaltime [mm]: 65 Diametru montare [mm]: 15

Tie rod end

96316765 09208987 4520069D00 45200A70B00 45200A78B00 45200A78B01 4520050E00 4520078000 4520078002 45200A50E11

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz Opel: Agila Suzuki: Wagon

93741077 93741091

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

43421A70B01000

Tico

96285525 96316761

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Lungime [mm]: 72 Filet: 12x1,5

Cap bara Rotule de barre de connexion

55025

Fitting position: front axle left/right Materials: 37Cr10 molding 11500/2-89 STAS

Wheel hub

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta Materiale: 37Cr10 matrita STAS 11500/2-89

Butuc roata fata Moyeue de roue

55185 Wheel bearing kit Kit rulment roata Roulements de roue

Fitting position: front axle, wheel left/right Kit includes: 2tapered roller bearings + 1spacer Width [mm]: 15.9 Outter diamter [mm]: 59.98 Inner diameter [mm[: 35 Parte montare: punte fata, roata stanga/dreapta Kit-ul contine: 2rulmenti cu role conice + 1distantier Latime [mm]: 15.9 Diametru exterior[mm]: 59.98 Diametru interior [mm[: 35

Angrenare Roată • Driveshaft • Entrainement Des Roues • Привод колеса 53012 Joint kit Articulatie planetara Jeu de joints - arbre de transmission Кулак ШРУС-а

Fitting position: front axle left/right, wheel side Externel teeth: 23 Internal teeth: 19 Seal diameter [mm]: 46 Diameter [mm]: 72 Outter thread: M18x1,5

Bellow Burduf planetara Jeu de joints -soufflets, arbre de transmission

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz

96273573 44106-78800000 04438-87113 44333-SB2761 B00122530A 15022-530

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Daihatsu: Charade, Cuore, Move, Sirion Kia: Pride Mazda: Demio Nissan: Micra

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta, spre roata Nr. caneluri, exterior: 23 Nr. caneluri, interior: 19 Diametru montaj butuc roata [mm]: 46 Diametru [mm]: 72 Filet exterior: M18x1,5 Fitting postion: front axle left/right, wheel side Inner diameter 1 [mm]: 20 Inner diameter 2 [mm]: 68 Height [mm]: 84

53014

96273570 96273571 93741015

Parte montare: punte fata stanga/dreapta, spre roata Diametru interior 1 [mm]: 20 Diametru interior 2 [mm]: 68 Inaltime [mm]: 84

Комплект пыльников ШРУС-а колеса

36

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Sistem de Frânare • Brake System • Systėme De Freinage • Тормозная система

Brake disc Disc frana Disque de frein

55083 Brake pads Set placute frana Plaquettes de frein

53041 Brake shoes Saboti frana

Fitting position: front; diam: 215mm; thickness: 10mm - full; hub diam: 86mm; 4 holes

55311A60B11000

Tico

55201-78820000

Tico

96268686

Tico

53420-70B11000

Tico

53410-70B11000

Tico

DAEWOO TICO

55101

Parte montare: fata; diametru: 215 mm; grosime: 10mm - plin; diametru centrare: 86mm; 4 gauri Fitting position: front axel; length: 108.5mm; thickness: 13.3mm; height: 39mm Parte montare: fata; lunigme: 108.5mm; grosime: 13.3mm; inaltime: 39mm

Fitting position: rear axel; diameter: 180mm; width: 31mm Parte montare: spate; diametru: 180mm; latime: 31mm;

Machoires de frein Тормозные колодки задние (к-т)

55037

Fitting position: rear axel left; piston’s bore: 17.5mm

Brake cylinder

Parte de montare: punte spate stanga; alezaj piston: 17.5mm

Cilindru frana Cylindre de roue

30193

Fitting position: rear axel right; piston’s bore: 17.5mm

Brake cylinder

Parte de montare: punte spate dreapta; alezaj piston: 17.5mm

Cilindru frana Cylindre de roue

Innovation and tradition since 1924

37


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Description

Remarks

OE Code

Application

Sistem Electric Electr • Electrical • Systėme Electrique • Электрическая система Voltage [V]: 12 Power [kW]: 0.8 Flange diameter [mm]: 75 Clockwise rotation Number of teeth: 8

55193 Starter

DAEWOO TICO

Electromotor Demarreur

Tensiune [V]: 12 Putere electromotor [kW]: 0,7 Diametru flansa [mm]: 75 Rotatie in directia acelor de ceasornic Numar dinti: 8

53008

Component of starter 55193 Number of teeth: 8

Starter bendix

Componenta electromotor 55193 Numar dinti: 8

96497700

Tico

93740994

Tico

Bendix electromotor Bendix demarreur Бендикс

Aprindere Scânteie/ Incandescenta • Ignition • Allumage • Зажигание искровое/ накала 55173 Spark plug Bujie scanteie Bougies d’allumage Свечи зажигания - (к-т)

38

set 3pcs Eletrode gap [mm]: 8 Tightening torque [mm]: 28 Outter thread [mm]: 14 Thread pitch [mm]: 1,25 Thread length [mm]: 19 Spanner size: 20,8 Spark position [mm]: 3 Number of poles: 1

94535748 0242229531 96503394 94644685 7700103502 9008091236 N01781156

set 3bc Distanta dintre electrozi [mm]: 8 Moment strangere [mm]: 28 Filet exterior [mm]: 14 Pas filet[mm]: 1,25 Lungime filet [mm]: 19 Deschidere cheie: 20,8 Pozitia scanteii [mm]: 3 Numar poli: 1

Innovation and tradition since 1924

Daewoo: Matiz, Tico Chevrolet: Matiz, Spark


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks Description Filtre • Filters • Filtre • Фильтры

Oil filter Filtru ulei Filtre a huile Фильтр масляный

01232 Air filter Filtru aer

Outer diameter [mm]: 66 Inner diameter1 [mm]: 54 Inner diameter2 [mm]: 62 Thread size [mm]: 3/4-16 UNF Height [mm]: 65 Diametru exterior [mm]: 66 Diametru interior 1 [mm]: 54 Diamertru interior 2[mm]: 62 Filet [mm]: 3/4-16 UNF Inaltime [mm]: 65

Outter diameter [mm]: 219 Inner diameter [mm]: 214 Height [mm]: 31

Application

96570765 96565412 15601-87107 092.22.335 15208-4A00A 16510-60B11

Tico

13780A78B00000

Tico

DAEWOO TICO

01149

OE Code

Diametru exterior [mm]: 219 Diametru interior [mm]: 214 Inaltime [mm]: 31

Filtre a air Фильтр воздушный

Sistem Răcire / Incalzire / Aer Conditionat • Cooling System / Air Conditioning • Systėme De Refroidissement • Система охлаждения / кондиционер воздуха 55069

Fitting position: cooling system; teeth no: 22

Water pump

Parte monatre: sist racire; nr. dinti: 22

96518977 17400-A60D01

Tico

Pompa apa Pompe a eau Насос водяной (помпа)

Innovation and tradition since 1924

39


Spare parts for Daewoo cars Photo

ASAM no. Remarks OE Code Application Description Transmisie/Motor/Ambreiaje • Transmission/Engine/Clutch Parts • Transmission/ Moteur/Embrayage • Трансмиссия / двигатель / подача топлива / сцепления Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 171mm; inner diameter: 110mm; hub diameter: 19mm; teeth no.: 18

55039 Clutch disc Disc ambreiaj Disque d’emabrayage

DAEWOO TICO

Диск сцепления

Fitting position: transmission system; outer diameter: 171mm; inner diameter: 110mm;

Clutch plate

Parte montare: sist transmisie; diam. ext.: 171mm; diam int: 110mm; diam montaj: 219mm

Plateau de pression

Tico

96563582 96249466 22100A78B00

Tico

Parte montare: sist. transmisie; diam. ext.: 171mm; diam int: 110mm; diam centrare: 19mm; nr. dinti: 18

55158

Placa presiune

96612552 22400A78B20

Корзина сцепления

Sistem de Eşapament • Exhaust System • Systėme D’echappement • Выхлопная система 55201

End Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba finala Material: tabla otel aluminizata

307060 14300A78B00

Tico

14190A78B02

Tico

100.465.00.00

Tico

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

55200

Middle Silancer; Material: aluminized steel sheet

Exhaust muffler (silincer)

Toba intermediara Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Amortizor zgomot Pare-bruit

Material: aluminized steel sheet

55202

Material: tabla otel aluminizata

Catalyzer Ansamblu catalizator Catalyseur

40

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Spare parts for Daewoo cars NOTES

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Innovation and tradition since 1924

41

NOTES

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Spare parts for Daewoo cars NOTES

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NOTES

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42

Innovation and tradition since 1924





Romanian Parts for Romanian Cars

Catalogue Spare Parts & Consumables



Content cupri ables de matièr LOGAN (1.2 16V, 1.4MPI, 1.6MPI, 1.6 16V, 1.5 dCi) ...................................... 11

SANDERO (1.2 16V, 1.4MPI, 1.6MPI, 1.5 dCi) .................................................. 157

DUSTER (1.6 16V, 1.6 16V 4X4, 1.5 dCi, 1.5 dCi 4X4) .................................. 253

Romanian Parts for Romanian Cars


LOGAN BERLINA

Romanian parts for Romanian cars

Having a tradition since 1924, ASAM is one of the biggest industrial producers from Romania, its main activity being industrial and auto parts & subunits production. By tradition ASAM SA is oriented towards research and innovation, having a consistent portfolio of patents and inventions. This concern still exists today maintaining tradition in this way. Due to this fact the product portfolio and the production capacities are permanently adapted to the internal requirements and for export that are growing bigger and more complex. Cu o tradiţie încă din 1924, ASAM este unul dintre marii producători industriali din România, activitatea sa principală fiind producţia de piese şi subansamble auto şi industriale. Prin tradiţie ASAM SA este orientat spre cercetare şi inovaţie, având un portofoliu consistent de brevete şi invenţii. Această preocupare există şi astăzi continuând tradiţia. Datorită acestui fapt portofoliul de produse şi capacităţile de producţie sunt permanent adaptate cererilor interne şi pentru export tot mai mari şi mai complexe. Depuis l’année 1924, ASAM est l’un de plus grande producteurs industriels en Roumanie, son activité principale est la production des pièces et des subansembles auto et industrielles. ASAM SA est traditionnellement orientée vers la recherche et l’innovation, avec un important portefeuille des brevets et des inventions . Cette préoccupation exists aujourd’hui en pursue la tradition. En raison de cette, le portefeuille de produits et des capacités de production sont constantement adaptés à la demande intérieure et pour exporter de plus en plus et complexe. C 1924 года, «ASAM» S.A. является одним из ведущих румынских производителей узлов и запасных частей для машиностроения и автомобилестроения. По традиции «ASAM» S.A. ведет научно-иследовательскую и новаторскуюя деятельность, что свидетельствуется многими патентами. Таким образом, производственные мощности и продукция постоянно адаптируются требованиям внутреннего и зарубежных рынков.

6

Innovation and tradition since 1924


ASAM SA was established in 1924 as The Administration of Aviation and Marine Establishments. In that moment it was functioning as a workshop of plane repairs for the 2nd Royal Military Flotilla. Starting with 1963, ASAM SA has ensured the repairs for trucks, tractors and utility vehicles (farm vehicles) of Russian and Romanian type. Since 1972 the new name is the Factory of Auto Parts (IPA in Romanian), the factory has started producing spare parts and assembles for cars and high tonnage equipment being an important supplier for ROMAN Brasov. Since 1991 IPA becomes again ASAM SA – (Auto Mechanical Assemblies & Subassemblies) Since 1992 ASAM SA has started producing car parts, and especially for Dacia cars, evolving and being still present today. In 2000 ASAM SA becomes a member of Conex Group Company and joins an intense retechnologization process, spreading the covering area of the manufactured products to diff erent brands and models of cars, trucks and utility cars. ASAM S.A. a fost înfiinţată în 1924 ca Administraţia Stabilimentelor Aviaţiei şi Marinei. În acel moment funcţiona ca atelier de reparaţii avioane pentru Flotila a II - a Regală Militară. Începând din 1963, fabrica se numea Întreprinderea de Reparaţii Auto (IRA) asigura reparaţiile pentru camioane, tractoare şi maşini agricole de producţie rusească şi autohtonă. Din 1972 noua denumire este Întreprinderea de Piese Auto (IPA), fabrica începând să producă piese de schimb şi ansamble pentru maşini şi utilaje de mare tonaj fiind un furnizor important pentru ROMAN Braşov. Din 1991 IPA redevine ASAM S.A – Ansamble şi Subansamble Auto şi Mecanice S.A. Din 1992 fabrica a început să producă piese pentru autoturisme, şi în special pentru autoturismele DACIA, lucru care a evoluat şi se realizează şi astăzi. În anul 2000 ASAM S.A. devine membră a Grupului de Firme Conex, şi intră într-un proces intens de retehnologizare, aria de acoperire a produselor realizate extinzându-se la nenumărate mărci şi modele de autoturisme, camioane şi maşini utilitare. ASAM SA a été fondée en 1924 en tant L’Administration de Les Établissements d’Aviation et de la Marine. A cette époque, a fonctionné comme un atelier de réparation des aéronefs pour la Flotte II - iemmé Militaire Royal. Depuis 1963, l’usine s’appelle Auto Repaire Entreprise (IRA); l’usine prévoit des réparations pour les camions, les tracteurs et les machines agricoles de production russe et autochtone. En 1972, le nouveau nom est Auto Pièces Entreprise (IPA), l’usine a commencé à produire des pièces de rechange pour les machines et les assembles pour la machinerie lourde étant un fournisseur majeur pour le ROMAN Brasov. Depuis 1991, IPA restauré ASAM SA - Ensembles et Sous-ensembles Auto et Mécanique. Depuis 1992, l’usine a commencé à produire des pièces pour les voitures, et en particulier pour les voitures Dacia, qui a évolué et est aujourd’hui réalisée. En 2000 ASAM S.A. devenir un membre de la Groupe des Sociétés Connex, et entrer dans un processus intense de modernisation, fabrique en s’étendant à de nombreuses marques et modèles de voitures, camions et voitures utilitaires. «ASAM» S.A. действовала под названием: Administraţia Stabilimentelor Aviaţiei şi Marinei (Управление Предприятиями Авиации и Морского флота), где ремонтировались самолеты II – й Королевской Военной Флотилии. В 1963 г. действует под названием Întreprinderea de Reparaţii Auto (I. R. A.): ремонт грузовиков, тракторов и сельскохозяйственной техники румынского и советского производства. В 1972 г., под названием Întreprinderea de Piese Auto (I. P. A.), производит запчасти и узлы для тяжелой техники оборудования, в т.ч. и для грузовиков «ROMAN» – Брашов. С 1991 г. I. P.A. становится снова «ASAM» S.A. - производтсво узлов и запчастей для автомобильной промышленности, а с 1992 г. - деталей для легковых автомобилей, в т.ч. для автомобилей DACIA и Daewoo, проект который постоянно развивается и на сегодняшний день. В 2000 году «ASAM» S.A. при входе в состав Группы фирм «Conex» начинает интенсивный процесс переоборудования и модернизации. При этом, постоянно расширился ассортимент продукции, который включает запчасти для многих марок автомобилей и грузовиков.


ASAM owns a modern Rom a n i foundry a n pline a with r t sautomatic f o r moulding R o m aand n performant i a n c ainduction r s furnaces with controlled atmosphere. It is biggest foundry of this type in Moldova, having a moulding capacity of 10 tons on a shift. ASAM laboratories are specialized in chemical analysis, metrology and mechanical tests, spectral analysis for moulded steels and metals, metallographic analysis, mechanical tests, hardness measurements. ASAM laboratories have RENAR accreditation. ASAM forge is equipped with press machines with big capacity, from 400 up to 1000 tons and a maxi press of 10.000 tons power. These equipments allowed the assimilation during manufacturing process of some forged parts being extremely complex. The matrices used in forging processes are designed and executed by ASAM specialists in SDV own division. The forge division owns 2 furnaces of medium capacity with controlled atmosphere – ensuring optimum heating of the semimanufactured good and high quality of the forged parts.

LOGAN BERLINA

ASAM dispune de o linie modernă de turnare cu formare automată şi cuptoare de inducţie performante cu atmosferă controlată. Este cea mai mare turnătorie de profil din Moldova, având o capacitate de turnare de 10 tone pe schimb. Laboratoarele ASAM sunt specializate în analize chimice, metrologie şi încercări mecanice, analize spectrale pentru oţeluri turnate şi metale, analize metalografice, teste mecanice, măsurări ale durităţii. Laboratoarele ASAM sunt acreditate RENAR. Forja ASAM este dotată cu prese de mare putere, de la 400 până la 1000 de tone, şi o maxi presă de 10.000 de tone forţă. Aceste dotări au permis asimilarea în fabricaţie a unor piese forjate extrem de complexe. Matriţele utilizate în procesele de forjare sunt proiectate şi executate de specialiştii ASAM în secţie proprie de SDV. Secţia forja dispune de două cuptoare de capacitate medie cu atmosferă controlată – asigurând încălzirea optimă a semifabricatului şi o calitate superioară a reperelor forjate. ASAM a une ligne moderne de fonderie avec formation automatique et des fours à induction performants avec atmosphère contrôlée. Elle est la plus grande usine avec ce profil dans la Moldavie, avec une capacité de moulage de 10 tonnes par quart de travail. Les laboratoires du ASAM sont spécialisés dans l’analyse chimique, de métrologie et d’essais mécaniques, l’analyse spectrale pour les moulages d’acier et des métaux, l’analyse métallographie et essais mécaniques, mesures de dureté. Les laboratoires ASAM sont accrédités RENAR. La forge ASAM est équipée avec presses mécaniques de grande puissance à partir de 400 à 1000 tonnes et une grande presse de 10.000 tonnes. Ces installations ont permis à l’assimilation de la fabrication des pièces forgées très complexe. Moules utilisés dans les processus d’établissements sont conçus et réalisés par des spécialistes ASAM dans sa propre section SDV. L’atelier de la forge a deux fours de capacité moyenne avec atmosphère contrôlé - assuré le chauffage optimal pour le semi-fini et une supérieur qualité pour les pièces forgées. «ASAM» S.A. оснащен современной автоматической линией литья и индукционными печами с контролируемой атмосферой, где могут отливаться 10 тонн деталей в смену. В лабораториях «ASAM» S.A. производятся: химический анализ, механические испытания, метрологические измерения, спектральный анализ стального литья и металлов, металлографические исследования и измерение твердости. Лаборатории «ASAM» аккредитированы RENAR. Контроль качества продукции «ASAM» S.A. обеспечивается опытным высококвалифицированным персоналом при помощи универсальных и специальных приборов и инструментов. Кузнечный цех «ASAM» S.A. оснащен мощным прессовым и вспомогательным оборудованием (прессы от 400 до 1000 тонн, макси-пресс в 10000 тс, нагревательные печи), которое позволяет изготовлять комплексные поковки. Штампы спроектированы и изготовлены специалистами «ASAM» в собственном инструментальном цехе.

8

Innovation and tradition since 1924


ASAM owns a division of mechanical processing through splintering, with 5 distinct lines of manufacture that ensure the simultaneous development of many production processes. ASAM investments in this division are major and they consist in machine tools acquisition with a state of-the-art numerical command, in this way increasing quality and precision of the manufactured products. ASAM brand is recognized on the market with tradition for: clutch mechanisms – clutch disks and pressure plates – brake pumps, brake cylinders, brake limiters, brake disks, bendix system, and cardan (cross) universal joints, steering connecting rod, and pivots. The quality control of the products manufactured in ASAM is ensured by the technicians’ teams that have high qualifications & an experience of more than 10 years in manufacturing processes. The inspections are achieved with universal measuring instruments and with special control devices, ensuring in this way the isolation of the products that are not in conformity. ASAM dispune de o secţie de prelucrări mecanice prin aşchiere, cu 5 linii distincte de fabricaţie care asigură derularea în paralel a mai multor fluxuri de producţie. Procesele de prelucrare se execută pe maşini-unelte clasice, universale şi specializate. Investiţiile ASAM în această secţie sunt majore şi constau în achiziţionarea de maşini unelte cu comandă numerică de ultimă generaţie, crescând calitatea şi precizia produselor executate. Marca ASAM este recunoscută în piaţă cu tradiţie pentru: mecanisme de ambreiaj - discuri de ambreiaj şi plăci de presiune, pompe frână, cilindri frână, limitatori frână, discuri de frână, bendixuri, cruci cardan, bielete de direcţie, pivoţi. Controlul calităţii produselor executate în ASAM este asigurat de echipe de tehnicieni de înaltă calificare cu experienţă de peste 10 ani în procesele de fabricaţie. Verificările se realizează cu instrumente de măsură universale şi cu dispozitive speciale de control, asigurându-se izolarea produselor neconforme. Le portfolio des produits ASAM inclut: parts auto consommables pour les voitures roumaines et étrangères partis et consommables auto pour les voitures roumaines et étrangères, partis et consommables auto pour les voitures de grand tonnage camions et véhicules agricoles. La marque ASAM est reconnue sur le marché avec tradition pour: les mécanismes d’embrayage - disques embrayage et plaques de pression - pompes de frein, cylindres de frein, limiteurs de frein, disques de frein, système bendix, et joints de cardan universels (croix), bielle de conduite et pivots. La principale préoccupation des nos spécialistes est le développement du portefeuille des produits ASAM. Un programme extensif se développe, pour implémenter de parties nouvelle les plus fréquentes. Механическая обработка производится на 5-ти линиях, которые позволяют одновременную обработку разных деталей на классических, универсальных станках. Большие инвестиции были направлены на приобретении современных станков с ЧПУ, обеспечивая высокое качество и точность изделий. Товарная марка «ASAM» S.A. известна на рынке как производитель систем рулевого управления и сцепления, узлов тормозных систем и др.


Romanian parts for Romanian cars

LOGAN BERLINA

From 2003 ASAM SA is TUV ISO 9001/2000 certified. Internally, ASAM products and processes are certified from the qualitative point of view by the competent authorities. (RAR, AFER - OCS, OMCAS). ASAM is ISO TS 16949 approved – fact that allows providing components for the first montage to car & truck manufacturers. Having in mind the continuous increase and diversification of parts and consumables demand for auto market, the commercial division supports the diversification of ASAM products portfolio with import initiatives that allow the introduction in the commercial circuit, and also in the production process new parts. The products are permanently tested by ASAM specialists, ensuring standards observation and they are certified by competent authorities also on manufacturing flow, and also on products lots. Din 2003 ASAM S.A. este certificat TUV ISO 9001/2000. Pe plan intern, produsele şi procesele ASAM sunt certificate din punct de vedere al calităţii de autorităţile competente (RAR, AFER - OCS, OMCAS). ASAM este agrementat ISO TS 16949 – fapt ce permite furnizarea de componente pentru prim montaj constructorilor de autoturisme şi camioane. Având în vedere cererea în creştere şi diversificare continuă pentru piese şi consumabile pentru piaţa auto, divizia comercială sprijină diversificarea portofoliului de produse ASAM cu iniţiative de import care permit introducerea in circuitul comercial, dar şi în procesul de producţie repere noi. Produsele sunt permanent supuse testărilor de către specialiştii ASAM, asigurându-se respectarea standardelor şi sunt certificate de către autorităţile competente atât pe flux de fabricaţie, cât şi pe loturi de produse. Depuis 2003 ASAM S.A. est certifié TUV ISO 9001/2000. En interne, les produits et les processus ASAM sont certifiés en termes de qualité des autorités compétentes (RAR, AFER - SCO, OMCAS). ASAM est intimement ISO TS 16949 - permettant la fourniture de composants pour les fabricants de premier montage de voitures et de camions. Compte tenu de l’augmentation de la demande et la diversification continue des pièces et consommables pour le marché automobile, la Division Commerciale soutient la diversification de portefeuille ASAM avec des initiatives d’importation qui permettent l’introduction aux circuits du commerce, mais aussi dans le procès de production de repères nouveaux. Les produits sont testés en permanence des spécialistes ASAM, assurer le respect des normes et sont certifiés par les autorités compétentes pour le flux de fabrication, et pour les lots de produits. С 2003 года «ASAM» S.A. сертифицтрован TUV ISO 9001:2000. На внутреннем рынке продукция и производство сертифицированы компетентными организациями контроля: RAR, AFER - OCS, OMCAS. Сертификат ISO TS 16949 дает «ASAM» S.A. право на поставку компонентов на конвейер производителям автомобилей и грузовиков. Ввиду повышения спроса на автозапчасти и их разновидности, коммерческий отдел поддерживает ассортимент изделий путем освоения и внедрения в производство новой импортной продукции., которая постоянно испытывается специалистами «ASAM» S.A. и проверяется и сертифицируется компетентными огранизациями на потоке производства и по-партиям.

1100

Innovation and tradition since 1924


Developing a diversified range of products and consumables for new generation cars, Romanian and foreign, represents a major objective of ASAM SA producer. Accomplishing this objective will ensure maximum chances in the consecration of ASAM brand on a decisive position on auto parts market from Romania and not only here. ASAM products portfolio includes: auto parts and consumables for Romanian & foreign cars, auto parts and consumables for high-tonnage cars (trucks and agricultural vehicles). The evolution of auto parts portfolio for cars started from Dacia 1300, 1310, 1400, 1304, 1307, Dacia Pick-up 1,9D car parts. Gradually, the portfolio has developed and develops continuously on Dacia Nova, SuperNova, Solenza, Logan and Daewoo (Cielo, Matiz, Tico, Espero). ASAM products portfolio destined for cars has a plurality of advantages that ensure the premises of an ascendant evolution on the market. Quality-price ratio of these products represent an advantage, being a viable choice for car owners. The main concern of our specialists is the development of ASAM products portfolio. An extensive development program is expanding, for implementing new parts that are addressed for both Dacia Logan cars, and also the most frequent new brand foreign cars. Dezvoltarea unei game diverse de piese şi consumabile pentru autoturismele de nouă generaţie, autohtone şi din import, constituie un obiectiv major al producătorului ASAM SA. Realizarea acestui obiectiv va asigura şanse maxime în consacrarea mărcii ASAM pe o poziţie decisivă în piaţa pieselor auto din România şi nu numai. Portofoliul de produse ASAM cuprinde: piese şi consumabile pentru autoturisme autohtone şi de import, piese şi consumabile pentru maşini de mare tonaj (camioane şi maşini agricole). Evoluţia portofoliului de repere pentru autoturisme a plecat de la piesele pentru Dacia 1300, 1310, 1400, 1304, 1307, Dacia Papuc 1,9D. Treptat, portofoliul s-a dezvoltat şi se dezvoltă în continuare pe Dacia Nova, SuperNova, Solenza, Logan şi Daewoo (Cielo, Matiz, Tico, Espero). Portofoliul de produse ASAM destinate autoturismelor deţine un cumul de avantaje care asigură premisele unei evoluţii ascendente în piaţă. Raportul preţ-calitate al acestor produse constituie un avantaj, fiind o alegere viabilă pentru posesorii de autoturisme. Preocuparea majoră a specialiştilor noştri este dezvoltarea portofoliul de produse ASAM. Există în derulare un program amplu de implementare de noi repere care se adresează atât autoturismelor Dacia Logan, dar şi celor mai frecvente autoturisme din import de nouă generaţie La marque ASAM est reconnue sur le marché avec tradition pour: les mécanismes d’embrayage - disques embrayage et plaques de pression pompes de frein, cylindres de frein, limiteurs de frein, disques de frein, système bendix, et joints de cardan universels (croix), bielle de conduit et pivots. L’évolution du portefeuille des parts auto pour les voitures a commerce de Dacia1300, 1310, 1410, 1307, 1304, Dacia Pick-up 1.9D, parts de voiture. Graduellement, le portefeuille a commercé à se développer et se développe continuellement sur Dacia Nova, SuperNova, Solenza, Logan et Daewoo (Cielo, Matiz, Tico, Espero, Nexia). Le portefeuille des produits ASAM destiné pour les voitures a une pluralité d’avantages qui assure les prémisses d’une évolution ascendante sur le marché. La rate qualité - prix de ces produits représente un avantage, étant un choix viable pour les propriétaires de véhicules. Основная деятельность наших специалистов – это развитие ассортимента продукции, при внедрении новых программ для а/м Dacia Logan, и импортных машин нового поколения. Постоянное развитие ассортимента запчастей для отечественных и зарубежных марок автомобилей нового поколения является главным направлением деятельности «ASAM» S.A. Выполнение этой цели позволило торговой марки «ASAM» S.A. занять важное место на румынском и зарубежных рынках автозапчестей.


DACIA Renault Logan


Variants DACIA LOGAN 1.2 16V DACIA LOGAN 1.4 DACIA LOGAN 1.4 MPI LPG DACIA LOGAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN 1.6 DACIA LOGAN 1.6 16V DACIA LOGAN 1.6 Bifuel DACIA LOGAN 1.6 MPI 85 RENAULT LOGAN 1.0 Hi-Flex RENAULT LOGAN 1.4 RENAULT LOGAN 1.5 dCi RENAULT LOGAN 1.5 dCi RENAULT LOGAN 1.6 RENAULT LOGAN 1.6 RENAULT LOGAN 1.6 RENAULT LOGAN 1.6 RENAULT LOGAN 1.6 Flex RENAULT LOGAN 1.6 Flex RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.0 Hi-Flex RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.4 RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.5 dCi RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.5 dCi RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.6 RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.6 RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.6 RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.6 RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.6 Flex RENAULT TONDAR 90 1.6 Flex MAHINDRA R LOGAN 1.4 MAHINDRA R LOGAN 1.5 D MAHINDRA R LOGAN 1.6 CNG MAHINDRA R VERITO 1.4 MAHINDRA R VERITO 1.5 D NISSAN APRIO [USA] 1.6

Year 2006.02 >> 2004.09 >> 2006.02 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >> 2005.09 >> 2006.01 >> 2007.09 >> 2004.09 >> 2006.02 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >> 2007.07 >> 2004.09 >> 2007.04 >> 2008.02 >> 2004.09 >> 2008.05 >> 2007.04 >> 2007.02 >> 2007.11 >> 2007.07 >> 2010.03 2007.07 >> 2004.09 >> 2007.04 >> 2008.02 >> 2004.09 >> 2008.05 >> 2007.04 >> 2007.02 >> 2007.11 >> 2007.07 >> 2010.03 2007.04 >> 2007.04 >> 2007.04 >> 2011.03 >> 2011.03 >> 2008.01 >> 2008.12

kW 55 55 55 55 65 48 50 63 64 77 62 62 56 55 50 63 64 66 77 80 68 79 56 55 50 63 64 66 77 80 68 79 55 48 63 56 48

CP 75 75 75 75 88 65 68 86 87 105 84 84 76 75 68 86 87 90 105 109 92 107 76 75 68 86 87 90 105 109 92 107 75 65 86 76 65

cm続 1149 1390 1390 1461 1461 1461 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598 1598 998 1390 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 998 1390 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1390 1461 1598 1390 1461 1598


Variants DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.4 DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.6 DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.6 16V DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.6 16V Flexifuel DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.6 Bifuel DACIA LOGAN MCV 1.6 MPI 85 RENAULT LOGAN MCV 1.4 RENAULT LOGAN MCV 1.5 dCi RENAULT LOGAN MCV 1.5 dCi RENAULT LOGAN MCV 1.6 RENAULT LOGAN MCV 1.6 RENAULT TONDAR 90 MCV 1.4 RENAULT TONDAR 90 MCV 1.5 dCi RENAULT TONDAR 90 MCV 1.5 dCi RENAULT TONDAR 90 MCV 1.6 RENAULT TONDAR 90 MCV 1.6 DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.4 DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.6 DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.6 Bifuel DACIA LOGAN VAN 1.6 MPI 85 DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.4 DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.5 dCi DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.6 DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.6 Bifuel DACIA LOGAN pick-up 1.6 MPI 85

Year 2007.02 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >> 2007.02 >> 2007.09 >> 2007.02 >> 2007.02 >> 2009.11 >> 2008.11 >> 2010.05 >> 2007.10 >> 2007.04 >> 2008.02 >> 2007.04 >> 2007.04 >> 2007.10 >> 2007.04 >> 2008.02 >> 2007.04 >> 2007.04 >> 2009.03 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >> 2009.03 >> 2009.03 >> 2009.03 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >> 2009.01 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >> 2008.03 >> 2008.03 >> 2008.03 >> 2010.05 >> 2010.05 >>

kW 55 55 65 50 63 64 77 77 64 62 55 50 63 64 77 55 50 63 64 77 55 55 65 50 63 64 62 62 55 55 65 50 63 64 62 62

CP 75 75 88 68 86 87 105 105 87 84 75 68 86 87 105 75 68 86 87 105 75 75 88 68 86 87 84 84 75 75 88 68 86 87 84 84

cm続 1390 1461 1461 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1390 1461 1461 1598 1598 1390 1461 1461 1598 1598 1390 1461 1461 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598 1390 1461 1461 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598


DIRECTIE • STEERING

EUDW VXVSHQVLH URDWD WUDFN FRQWURO DUP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD JURVLPH WDEOD PP HFKLSDW [ [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW VWHHO WKLFNHQHVV PP HTXLSSHG [ [

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EUDV GH OLDLVRQ VXVSHQVLRQ GH URXH OHQNHU UDGDXIK¦QJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ώϒϏωϕτ EDUUD RVFLODQWH VXVSHQVLµQ GH UXHGDV EUD©R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R GD URGD

EUDW VXVSHQVLH URDWD WUDFN FRQWURO DUP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD JURVLPH WDEOD PP HFKLSDW [ [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW VWHHO WKLFNHQHVV PP HTXLSSHG [ [

EUDV GH OLDLVRQ VXVSHQVLRQ GH URXH OHQNHU UDGDXIK¦QJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ώϒϏωϕτ EDUUD RVFLODQWH VXVSHQVLµQ GH UXHGDV EUD©R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R GD URGD

EUDW VXVSHQVLH URDWD WUDFN FRQWURO DUP EUDV GH OLDLVRQ VXVSHQVLRQ GH URXH OHQNHU UDGDXIK¦QJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ώϒϏωϕτ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD JURVLPH WDEOD PP HFKLSDW [ [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW VWHHO WKLFNHQHVV PP HTXLSSHG [ [

EDUUD RVFLODQWH VXVSHQVLµQ GH UXHGDV EUD©R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R GD URGD

15


DIRECTIE • STEERING

EUDW VXVSHQVLH URDWD WUDFN FRQWURO DUP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD JURVLPH WDEOD PP HFKLSDW [ [

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

6 6

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW VWHHO WKLFNHQHVV PP HTXLSSHG [ [

EUDV GH OLDLVRQ VXVSHQVLRQ GH URXH OHQNHU UDGDXIK¦QJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ώϒϏωϕτ EDUUD RVFLODQWH VXVSHQVLµQ GH UXHGDV EUD©R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R GD URGD

SLYRW EUDW VXVSHQVLH EDOO MRLQW URWXOH GH VXVSHQVLRQ WUDJ I¾KUXQJVJHOHQN ϑωϕϗϝόύ ϑτϓϔτφϏϣϢϝόύ Ϝτϔϑόϔ UµWXOD GH VXVSHQVLµQ FDUJD DUWLFXOD©¥R GH VXVSHQV¥R JXLD

16

SDUWH PRQWDUH EUDW VXVSHQVLH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLPHQVLXQH FRQXV º PP PDWHULDO EROW VIHULF FU GXULWDWH EROW VIHULF ¹ KUF XQJKL EDVFXODUH PLQ ʜ FRPSRQHQWD EUDW VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH FRQWURO DUP OHIW ULJKW FRQXV VL]H º PP FRQXV PDWHULDO FU FRQXV KDUGQHVV KUF ¹ DQJOH GHFOLQDWLRQ PLQ FRPSRQHQW RI FRQWURO DUP


DIRECTIE • STEERING

EXFVD EUDW VXVSHQVLH FRQWURO DUP WUDLOLQJ DUP EXVK

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD EUDW VXVSHQVLH EXF

FRPSRQHQWD EUDW VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH FRQWURO DUP SFV OHIW ULJKW FRPSRQHQW RI FRQWURO DUP

VXVSHQVLRQ EUDV GH OLDLVRQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ODJHUXQJ OHQNHU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ VXVSHQVLµQ EUD]R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R EUD©R RVFLODQWH

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK PDQXDO VWHHULQJ

FDVHWD GLUHFWLH VWHHULQJ JHDU FU«PDLOOLªUH GH GLUHFWLRQ OHQNJHWULHEH ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϐωϙτϑόϋϐ HQJUDQDMH GH GLUHFFLµQ FDL[D GD GLUHF©¥R

17


DIRECTIE • STEERING

DUWLFXODWLH D[LDOD FDS GH EDUD WLH URG D[OH MRLQW URWXOH GH GLUHFWLRQ LQW«ULHXUH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ D[LDOJHOHQN VSXUVWDQJH ϒϕωφϒύ Ϝτϔϑόϔ ϔϗϏωφτϣ ϖϣχτ DUWLFXODFLµQ D[LDO EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD OXQJLPH PP ILOHW LPELQDUH SLSD ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW LPELQDUH FDVHWD GLUHFWLH P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK PP WKUHDG WLH URG HQG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG VWHHULQJ ER[ VLGH P [ P GHEDWH DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ

DUWLFXOD©¥R D[LDO EDUUD GH DFRSODPHQWR

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

18

SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ


DIRECTIE • STEERING

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ

SHQWUX WHPSHUDWXUL VFD]XWH SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ IRU ORZ WHPSHUDWXUHV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ

19


DIRECTIE • STEERING

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

FKLW UHSDUDWLH ELHOHWD DQWLUXOLX DQWL UROO EDU VWDELOLVHU NLW NLW GH U«SDUDWLRQ EDUUH GH FRXSODJH VWDELOLVDWULFH UHSDUDWXUVDW] VWDELOLVDWRUNRSSHOVWDQJH ϔωϐώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϒωψόϑόϖωϏϠϑτϣ ϖϣχτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒϔτ MXHJR GH UHSDUDFLµQ EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR GHO HVWDELOL]DGRU NLW GH UHSDUD©¥R WLUDQWH GD EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

20

SHQWUX WHPSHUDWXUL VFD]XWH SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

IRU ORZ WHPSHUDWXUHV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILOHW H[WHULRU P [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW RXWWHU WKUHDG P [


DIRECTIE • STEERING

VXSRUW EDUD VWDELOL]DWRDUH

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO RO

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULO RO

EUDFNHW VWDELOL]HU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW VXVSHQVLRQ GX VWDELOLVDWHXU KDOWHU VWDELOLVDWRUODJHUXQJ ώϔϒϑϜϖωύϑ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒ VRSRUWH VRSRUWH GHO HVWDELOL]DGRU VXSRUWH DSRLR GD EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW

EXFVD EDUD VWDELOL]DWRDUH DQWL UROO EDU EXVK VXVSHQVLRQ VWDELOLVDWHXU ODJHUXQJ VWDELOLVDWRU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒϔ VRSRUWH HVWDELOL]DGRU DSRLR EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

21


DIRECTIE โ ข STEERING

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD JURVLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP

EXFVD SXQWH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW WKLFNQHVV PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP

EUDFNHW D[OH ERG\ VXSSRUW GH SDOLHU FRUSV GH O HVVLHX

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ODJHUERFN DFKVNยธUSHU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ VRSRUWH FRMLQHWH FXHUSR GHO HMH DSRLR GR PDQFDO FRUSR GR HL[R

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

22

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD JDXULOH GH SULQGHUH D URWLL LQ QXPDU GH HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH XQ GLDPHWUX GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ JDXUL GH SULQGHUH D GLVFXOXL GH IULQD GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ ]RQD PRQWDM UXOPHQW ยบ N ]RQD FHQWUDUH MDQWD ยบ PP JURVLPHD IODQVHL EXWXFXOXL GH PP QXPDU FDQHOXUL PDWHULDOH FU PDWULWDW VWDV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW WKH HTXLGLVWDQW KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WKH ZKHHO ULP DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP DQG KDYH WKH WKUHDG RI P [ WKH KROHV IRU DWWDFKLQJ WKH EUDNH GLVF DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP KDYH WKUHDG RI P [ EHDULQJ DVVHPEO\ DUHD ยบ N FHQWHULQJ ULP DUHD ยบ PP WKLFNQHVV RI KXE IODQJH PP QXPEHU RI JURRYHV PDWHULDOV FU PROGLQJ VWDV


DIRECTIE โ ข STEERING

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD JDXULOH GH SULQGHUH D URWLL LQ QXPDU GH HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH XQ GLDPHWUX GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ JDXUL GH SULQGHUH D GLVFXOXL GH IULQD GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ ]RQD PRQWDM UXOPHQW ยบ N ]RQD FHQWUDUH MDQWD ยบ PP JURVLPHD IODQVHL EXWXFXOXL GH PP QXPDU FDQHOXUL PDWHULDOH FU PDWULWDW VWDV

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW WKH HTXLGLVWDQW KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WKH ZKHHO ULP DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP DQG KDYH WKH WKUHDG RI P [ WKH KROHV IRU DWWDFKLQJ WKH EUDNH GLVF DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP KDYH WKUHDG RI P [ EHDULQJ DVVHPEO\ DUHD ยบ N FHQWHULQJ ULP DUHD ยบ PP WKLFNQHVV RI KXE IODQJH PP QXPEHU RI JURRYHV PDWHULDOV FU PROGLQJ VWDV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDOH FU FU PDWULWDW VWDV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDOV FU FU PROGLQJ VWDV

PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDOH FU FU PDWULWDW VWDV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDOV FU FU PROGLQJ VWDV

FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

23


DIRECTIE • STEERING

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

24

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD NLW XO FRQWLQH UXOPHQW LQHO VLJXUDQWD SLXOLWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL LQHO VLJXUDQWD ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL SLXOLWD ILOHW P [ PP KH[DJRQ H[WHULRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP FLUFOHFOLS ULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP RXWWHU GLDPWHU PP D[OH QXW VL]H WKUHDG P [ PP H[WHULRU KH[DJRQ SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD NLW XO FRQWLQH UXOPHQW LQHO VLJXUDQWD SLXOLWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP FX VHQ]RU DEV LQWHJUDW GLPHQVLXQL LQHO VLJXUDQWD ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL SLXOLWD ILOHW P [ PP KH[DJRQ H[WHULRU IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP DEV VHQVRU LQWHJUDWHG FLUFOHFOLS ULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP RXWWHU GLDPWHU PP D[OH QXW VL]H WKUHDG P [ PP H[WHULRU KH[DJRQ


DIRECTIE • STEERING

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD NLW XO FRQWLQH UXOPHQW LQHO VLJXUDQWD SLXOLWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL LQHO VLJXUDQWD ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL SLXOLWD ILOHW P [ PP KH[DJRQ H[WHULRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP FLUFOHFOLS ULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP RXWWHU GLDPWHU PP D[OH QXW VL]H WKUHDG P [ PP H[WHULRU KH[DJRQ SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP

MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

25


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

DPRUWL]RU VKRFN DEVRUEHU DPRUWLVVHXU VWR¡G¦PSIHU τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD WLS DPRUWL]RU SUHVLXQH XOHL JD] VLVWHP DPRUWL]RU ELWXEXODU FXUVD PP UXJR]LWDWHD WLMHL wP GXULWDWHD WLMHL KUF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW W\SH RLO JDV SUHVVXUH V\VWHP ELWXEXODU UDFH PP URG URXJKQHVV ͐P URG KDUGQHVV KUF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

DPRUWLJXDGRU DPRUWHFHGRU

FKLW SURWHFWLH SUDI DPRUWL]RU GXVW FRYHU NLW VKRFN DEVRUEHU NLW GH SURWHFWLRQ FRQWUH OD SRXVVLªUH DPRUWLVVHXU VWDXEVFKXW]VDW] VWR¡G¦PSIHU ϓϟϏωϋτϝόϖϑϟύ ώϒϐόϏωώϖ τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ MXHJR GH JXDUGDSROYRV DPRUWLJXDGRU NLW GH SURWHF©¥R FRQWUD R Sµ DPRUWHFHGRU

26

SDUWH PRQWDUH DPRUWL]RU IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW ULJKW IURQW VKRFN DEVRUEHU


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

VHW UHSDUDWLH UXOPHQW VDUFLQD DPRUWL]RU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

UHSDLU NLW VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW NLW GH U«SDUDWLRQ SDOLHU GH OD MDPEH GH VXVSHQVLRQ UHSDUDWXUVDW] IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϔωϐώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ NLW UHSDUDFLµQ DSR\R FROXPQD PDRUWLJXDFLµQ NLW GH UHSDUD©¥R VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQM PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD VXSRUW DUF VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW EHDULQJ EXW«H VLPSOH GH MDPEH «ODVWLTXH IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLQHWH FROXPQD VXVSHQVLµQ VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQMXQWR PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

27


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD VXSRUW DUF

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW EHDULQJ EXW«H VLPSOH GH MDPEH «ODVWLTXH IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLQHWH FROXPQD VXVSHQVLµQ VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQMXQWR PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD JURVLPH >PP@ PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD DPRUWL]RU

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW SHQWUX DPRUWL]RU VXVSHQVLH WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPHWHU >PP@

IULFWLRQ EHDULQJ VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW PRXQWLQJ DSSDUHLO G DSSXL ¢ EDODQFLHU EXW«H VLPSOH MDPEH «ODVW Z¦O]ODJHU IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ώτϛωϑόϣ ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLHQHWH GH URGLOORV FROXPQD DPRUWLJXDFLµQ URODPHQWR GH URORV VXSRUWH DSRLR GR FRQM PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

28


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

DPRUWL]RU VKRFN DEVRUEHU DPRUWLVVHXU VWR¡G¦PSIHU τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD WLS DPRUWL]RU SUHVLXQH XOHL JD] VLVWHP DPRUWL]RU ELWXEXODU FXUVD PP UXJR]LWDWHD WLMHL wP GXULWDWHD WLMHL KUF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW W\SH RLO JDV SUHVVXUH V\VWHP ELWXEXODU UDFH PP URG URXJKQHVV ͐P URG KDUGQHVV KUF

DPRUWLJXDGRU DPRUWHFHGRU

FKLW SURWHFWLH SUDI DPRUWL]RU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD SHQWUX DPRUWL]RU VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW IRU VKRFN DEVRUEHU PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

GXVW FRYHU NLW VKRFN DEVRUEHU NLW GH SURWHFWLRQ FRQWUH OD SRXVVLªUH DPRUWLVVHXU VWDXEVFKXW]VDW] VWR¡G¦PSIHU ϓϟϏωϋτϝόϖϑϟύ ώϒϐόϏωώϖ τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ MXHJR GH JXDUGDSROYRV DPRUWLJXDGRU NLW GH SURWHF©¥R FRQWUD R Sµ DPRUWHFHGRU

EXFVD DPRUWL]RU EXVK VKRFN DEVRUEHU GRXLOOH DPRUWLVVHXU EXFKVH VWRVVG¦PSIHU φϖϗϏώτ τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD SHQWUX DPRUWL]RU VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW IRU VKRFN DEVRUEHU

PDQJXLWR DPRUWLJXDGRU FDVTXLOKR DPRWHFHGRU

29


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

DPRUWL]RU VKRFN DEVRUEHU DPRUWLVVHXU VWR¡G¦PSIHU τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD WLS DPRUWL]RU SUHVLXQH XOHL JD] VLVWHP DPRUWL]RU ELWXEXODU FXUVD PP UXJR]LWDWHD WLMHL wP GXULWDWHD WLMHL KUF

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW W\SH RLO JDV SUHVVXUH V\VWHP ELWXEXODU UDFH PP URG URXJKQHVV ͐P URG KDUGQHVV KUF

DPRUWLJXDGRU DPRUWHFHGRU

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLDPHWUXO VSLUHL PP QXPDUXO GH VSLUH DFWLYH ] VSLUH

DUF VSLUDO

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW FRLO GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI DFWLYH FRLOV

FRLO VSULQJ UHVVRUW GH VXVSHQVLRQ IDKUZHUNVIHGHU ϓϔϗϊόϑτ ϙϒψϒφϒύ ϛτϕϖό PXHOOH GH VXVSHQVLµQ PROD GH VXVSHQV¥R

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLDPHWUXO VSLUHL PP QXPDUXO GH VSLUH DFWLYH ] VSLUH

DUF VSLUDO

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW FRLO GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI DFWLYH FRLOV

FRLO VSULQJ UHVVRUW GH VXVSHQVLRQ IDKUZHUNVIHGHU ϓϔϗϊόϑτ ϙϒψϒφϒύ ϛτϕϖό PXHOOH GH VXVSHQVLµQ PROD GH VXVSHQV¥R

30


TRANSMISIE โ ข TRANSMISSION

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP

YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP OXQJLPHD PD[LPD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP PD[ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP

YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

31


TRANSMISIE โ ข TRANSMISSION

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP OXQJLPHD PD[LPD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP PD[ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP

DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

32

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP OXQJLPHD PD[LPD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP PD[ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL

SODQHWDUD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH VKDIW

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ϓϔόφϒψϑϒύ φτϏ £UERO GH WUDQVPLVLµQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL

SODQHWDUD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ϓϔόφϒψϑϒύ φτϏ £UERO GH WUDQVPLVLµQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R

SDUWH PRQWDUH SODQHWDUD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VSUH URDWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FY MRLQW OHIW ULJKW ZKHHO VLGH

DQVDPEOX EXUGXI DUWLFXODWLH SODQHWDUD EHOORZ GULYH VKDIW MHX GH MRLQWV VRXIIOHWV DUEUH GH FRPPDQGH IDOWHQEDOJVDW] DQWULHEVZHOOH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϟϏϑόώτ ϓϔόφϒψϑϒύ φτϏ MXHJR GH IXHOOHV £UERO GH WUDQVPLVLµQ MRJR GH IROHV YHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R

33


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SODQHWDUD GUHDSWD VSUH FY

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FY MRLQW ULJKW JHDUER[ VLGH DQVDPEOX EXUGXI DUWLFXODWLH SODQHWDUD EHOORZ GULYH VKDIW MHX GH MRLQWV VRXIIOHWV DUEUH GH FRPPDQGH IDOWHQEDOJVDW] DQWULHEVZHOOH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϟϏϑόώτ ϓϔόφϒψϑϒύ φτϏ MXHJR GH IXHOOHV £UERO GH WUDQVPLVLµQ MRJR GH IROHV YHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R

DQVDPEOX EXUGXI DUWLFXODWLH SODQHWDUD EHOORZ GULYH VKDIW MHX GH MRLQWV VRXIIOHWV DUEUH GH FRPPDQGH

SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SODQHWDUD VWDQJD VSUH FY

EXUGXI UXOPHQW IODQVD VWULQJHUH EXUGXI FDSDF SURWHFWLH UXOPHQW ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FY MRLQW OHIWW JHDUER[ VLGH ERRW EHDULQJ IODQJH IRU IL[LQJ WKH EHDULQJ EHDULQJ SURWHFWLYH FDS

IDOWHQEDOJVDW] DQWULHEVZHOOH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϟϏϑόώτ ϓϔόφϒψϑϒύ φτϏ MXHJR GH IXHOOHV £UERO GH WUDQVPLVLµQ MRJR GH IROHV YHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

34


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@

SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

35


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@

SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

36

GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ QXPDU GLQWL GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ QXPEHU RI WHHWK


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH

GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ Q QXPDU GLQWL GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ Q QXPEHU RI WHHWK

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH

GLDPHWUX >PP@ QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ Q QXPDU GLQWL GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ Q QXPEHU RI WHHWK

ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

UXOPHQW GH SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM UHOHDVHU EXW«H G HPEUD\DJH DXVU¾FNODJHU φϟϊόϐϑϒύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH GHVHPEUDJXH URODPHQWR GH GHVHPEUDLDJHP

GLDPHWUXO JXOHUXOXL GH DFWLRQDUH D SODFLL GH SUHVLXQH >PP@ LQWHULRU H[WHULRU GLDPHWUXO H[WHULRU DO UXOPHQWXOXL >PP@ GLDPHWUXO FDQDOXOXL GH FXOLVDUH SH SUL]D GH SXWHUH >PP@ GLVWDQWD LQWUH HOHPHQWHOH GH IL[DUH D IXUFLL GH DFWLRQDUH >PP@ LQDOWLPHD UXOPHQWXOXL GH SUHVLXQH >PP@ GLDPHWHU RI WKH GULYH FROODU SUHVVXUH SODWH >PP@ LQQHU RXWWHU RXWHU GLDPHWHU RI WKH EHDULQJ >PP@ FKDQQHO GLDPHWHU VOLGH RQ WKH SWR >PP@ GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ IDVWHQHUV WR GULYH IRUN >PP@ EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH KHLJKW >PP@

37


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP WUDQVPLVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ WUDQVPLWLRQ V\VWHP

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

OXQJLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

UXOPHQW GH SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM UHOHDVHU EXW«H G HPEUD\DJH DXVU¾FNODJHU φϟϊόϐϑϒύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH GHVHPEUDJXH URODPHQWR GH GHVHPEUDLDJHP

FDEOX DPEUHLDM FOXWFK FDEOH WLUHWWH ¢ F¤EOH FRPPDQGH G HPEUD\DJH VHLO]XJ NXSSOXQJVEHW¦WLJXQJ ϖϔϒϕ ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ϕϚωϓϏωϑόωϐ FDEOH GH DFFLRQDPLHQWR DFFLRQDPLHQWR GHO HPEUDJXH FDER GH D©R DFFLRQDPHQWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

38

OHQJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

FDEOX DPEUHLDM

OXQJLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

OHQJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

FOXWFK FDEOH WLUHWWH ¢ F¤EOH FRPPDQGH G HPEUD\DJH VHLO]XJ NXSSOXQJVEHW¦WLJXQJ ϖϔϒϕ ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ϕϚωϓϏωϑόωϐ FDEOH GH DFFLRQDPLHQWR DFFLRQDPLHQWR GHO HPEUDJXH FDER GH D©R DFFLRQDPHQWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF IDUD VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF ZLWK PDQXDO VWHHULQJ OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

39


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW PDQXDO VWHHULQJ OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

40


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH EHIRUH

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD SROL Y SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD SROL Y SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

41


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

42

PRWRUL]DULOH GFL SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF PRWRUL]DULOH Y SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF GFL HQJLQHV IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF Y HQJLQHV IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

43


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

QXPDUXO GH GLQWL D UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH GLQWL GLDPHWUXO UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP LQDOWLPHD GDQWXULL GH DFWLRQDUH PP QXPDUXO SDOHWHORU GLDPHWUXO URWRUXOXL FX SDOHWH PP VXUXE IL[DUH UROD LQWLQ]DWRDUH P [ [ PP JDXULOH GH IL[DUH FX GLDPHWUXO GH PP FRUSXO SRPSHL HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX UROD GH DFWLRQDUH D[XO VL SDOHWHOH UHDOL]DWH GLQ RWHO LQR[LGDELO

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

JHDU UROOHU QXPEHU RI WHHWK JHDU UROOHU GLDPHWHU PP JHDU UROOHU WHHWK KHLJKW PP QXPEHU RI SDOOHWV URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV GLDPHWHU PP VFUHZ IRU IL[LQJ WKH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ P [ [ PP IL[LQJ KROHV GLDPHWHU PP SXPS ERG\ LV DOXPLQXP WKH JHDU UROOHU WKH D[OH DQG WKH SDOOHWV DUH PDGH RI VWDLQOHVV VWHHO

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

44

GLDPHWUXO UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP LQDOWLPHD UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP QXPDUXO SDOHWHORU GLDPHWUXO URWRUXOXL FX SDOHWH PP FRUSXO SRPSHL HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX UROD GH DFWLRQDUH VL D[XO VXQW UHDOL]DWH GLQ RWHO LQR[LGDELO URWRUXO FX SDOHWH HVWH UHDOL]DW GLQWU XQ DOLDM GH DODPD URWRUXO FX SDOHWH HVWH UHDOL]DW SULQ WXUQDUH VL SUHOXFUDUHD FRWHL GH PRQWDM SH D[XO SRPSHL JHDU UROOHU GLDPHWHU PP JHDU UROOHU KHLJKW PP QXPEHU RI SDOOHWV URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV GLDPHWHU PP SXPS ERG\ LV DOXPLQXP WKH JHDU UROOHU DQG D[OH DUH PDGH RI VWDLQOHVV VWHHO WKH URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV LV PDGH IURP D EUDVV DOOR\ WKH URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV LV UHDOL]HG E\ FDVWLQJ DQG WKUX WKH SURFHVVLQJ RI WKH DVVHPEO\ OLVWLQJ RQ WKH SXPS D[OH


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

45


DISTRIBUTIE DISTRIBUTIE •• BELT BELT DRIVE DRIVE

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH GH GLVWULEXWLRQ XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϋϗυϛτϖϟύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD GLVWULEXFLµQ SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

46


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

47


FRANARE โ ข BRAKE SYSTEM

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ GLVFR GH IUHQR GLVFR GH WUDYยฅR

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ GLVFR GH IUHQR GLVFR GH WUDYยฅR

48

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP JDXUD FHQWUDUH EXWXF ยบ PP JDXUL SUH]RDQH JDXUL ยบ PP HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH GLVF GH EXWXF JDXUL ยบ PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP PLQLPXP WKLFNQHVV PP KXE FHQWHULQJ KROH ยบ PP VWXG KROHV KROHV HTXLGLVWDQW ยบ PP SODFHG RQ GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WR WKH ZKHHO KXE KROHV ยบ PP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP JDXUD FHQWUDUH EXWXF ยบ PP JDXUL SUH]RDQH JDXUL ยบ PP HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH GLVF GH EXWXF JDXUL ยบ PP ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP PLQLPXP WKLFNQHVV PP KXE FHQWHULQJ KROH ยบ PP VWXG KROHV KROHV HTXLGLVWDQW ยบ PP SODFHG RQ GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WR WKH ZKHHO KXE KROHV ยบ PP


FRANARE โ ข BRAKE SYSTEM

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ GLVFR GH IUHQR GLVFR GH WUDYยฅR

VHW SODFXWH IUDQD IUDQD GLVF EUDNH SDG VHW GLVF EUDNH NLW GH SODTXHWWHV GH IUHLQ IUHLQ ยข GLVTXH EUHPVEHODJVDW] VFKHLEHQEUHPVH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP JDXUD FHQWUDUH EXWXF ยบ PP JDXUL SUH]RDQH JDXUL ยบ PP HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH GLVF GH EXWXF JDXUL ยบ PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03,

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP PLQLPXP WKLFNQHVV PP KXE FHQWHULQJ KROH ยบ PP VWXG KROHV KROHV HTXLGLVWDQW ยบ PP SODFHG RQ GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WR WKH ZKHHO KXE KROHV ยบ PP SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF FX VXUXEXUL HWULHU OXQJLPH >PP@ ยฐQDOWLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ OXQJLPH >PP@ ยฐQDOWLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV ZLWK FDOLSHU VFUHZ OHQJWK >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ OHQJWK >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

MXHJR GH SDVWLOODV GH IUHQR MRJR GH SDVWLOKDV SDUD WUDYยฅR GH GLVFR

49


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

VHW SODFXWH IUDQD IUDQD GLVF EUDNH SDG VHW GLVF EUDNH NLW GH SODTXHWWHV GH IUHLQ IUHLQ ¢ GLVTXH

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF FX VXUXEXUL HWULHU OXQJLPH >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV ZLWK FDOLSHU VFUHZ OHQJWK >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EUHPVEHODJVDW] VFKHLEHQEUHPVH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϟϙ ώϒϏϒψϒώ ψόϕώϒφϟύ ϖϒϔϐϒϋ MXHJR GH SDVWLOODV GH IUHQR MRJR GH SDVWLOKDV SDUD WUDY¥R GH GLVFR

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU «WULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕϗϓϓϒϔϖ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQ©D GH WUDY¥R

50

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU «WULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ

ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕϗϓϓϒϔϖ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQ©D GH WUDY¥R

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU «WULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕϗϓϓϒϔϖ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQ©D GH WUDY¥R

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ

51


FRANARE โ ข BRAKE SYSTEM

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU ยซWULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ

ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQยฉD GH WUDYยฅR

SRPSD FHQWUDOD IUDQD PDVWHU F\OLQGHU EUDNHV PDยฐWUH F\OLQGUH GH IUHLQ KDXSWEUHPV]\OLQGHU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FLOLQGUR SULQFLSDO GH IUHQR ERPED FHQWUDO GRV WUDYยทHV

52

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV GLDPHWUXO LQWHULRU ยบ PP ILOHW PRQWDUH FRQGXFWH IDWD P [ PP ILOHW PRQWDUH FRQGXFWH VSDWH P [ PP GLVWDQWD LQWUH JDXULOH GH PRQWDM DOH SRPSHL PP GLDPHWUXO JDXULL GH PRQWDM ยบ PP GLVWDQWD GLQWUH FDQDOHOH GH DOLPHQWDUH FX OLFKLG GH IULQD PP UXJR]LWDWHD VXSUDIHWHL GH OXFUX wP SUHVLXQHD PD[LPD EDU HFKLSDWD FX GRXD SLVWRDQH LQ WDQGHP FLWH XQXO SHQWUX ILHFDUH SXQWH FLOLQGUXO FRUSXOXL OD LQWHULRU HVWH SUHOXFUDW SULQ KRQXLUH SHQWUX REWLQHUHD XQHL UXJR]LWDWL IRDUWH PLFL SLVWRDQHOH VXQW SUHOXFUDWH FX PDUH SUHFL]LH SH FQF PDWHULDOH DOLDM DOXPLQLX DWQ VL FX PJ QL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV LQQHU GLDPHWHU ยบ PP WKUHDG IRU IL[LQJ WKH IURQW SLSH P [ PP WKUHDG IRU IL[LQJ WKH UHDU SLSH P [ PP WKH GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ WKH SXPS PRXQWLQJ KROHV PP PRXQWLQJ KROH GLDPHWHU ยบ PP GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ VXSSO\ FKDQQHOV EUDNH IOXLG PP ZRUNLQJ VXUIDFH URXJKQHVV อ P PD[LPXP SUHVVXUH EDU HTXLSSHG ZLWK WZR SLVWRQV LQ WDQGHP RQH IRU HDFK GHFN F\OLQGHU LQQHU ERG\ LV PDQXIDFWXUHG E\ KRQLQJ WR DFKLHYH D YHU\ ORZ URXJKQHVV SLVWRQV DUH SUHFLVLRQ FQF SURFHVVHG PDWHULDOV DOXPLQXP DOOR\ DWQ DQG PJQL


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

OLPLWDWRU IUDQD

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ UHDU D[OH IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EUDNH F\OLQGHU F\OLQGUH GH URXH UDGEUHPV]\OLQGHU ώϒϏωϕϑϟύ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϚόϏόϑψϔ FLOLQGUR GH IUHQR FLOLQGUR GR WUDY¥R

FLOLQGUX UHFHSWRU IUDQD ZKHHO EUDNH F\OLQGHU F\OLQGUH GH URXH UDGEUHPV]\OLQGHU ώϒϏωϕϑϟύ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϚόϏόϑψϔ FLOLQGUR GH IUHQR GH UXHGD FLOLQGUR GR WUDY¥R GD URGD

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

53


FRANARE โ ข BRAKE SYSTEM

WDPEXU IUDQD EUDNH GUXP WDPERXU GH IUHLQ EUHPVWURPPHO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ WDPERU GH IUHQR WDPERU GH WUDYยฅR

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLDPHWUXO PD[LP LQWHULRU ยบ PP ODWLPHD VXSUDIHWHL GH OXFUX PP GLDPHWUXO FRWHL GH UXOPHQW ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH MDQWD [ P [ GLDPHWUXO X]XULL PD[LPH DGPLVH ยบ PP UHDOL]DW SULQ WXUQDUH VL SUHOXFUDUH SULQ DVFKLHUH SH PDVLQL FX FRPDQGD QXPHULFD FQF PDWHULDOH IRQWD FHQXVLH IF

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD UD]D PP ODWLPHD PP

VHW VDERWL IUDQD

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW UDGLXV PP ZLGWK PP

MHX GH PยคFKRLUHV GH IUHLQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW LQQHU GLDPHWHU ยบ PP ZRUNLQJ VXUIDFH ZLGWK PP GLDPHWHU EHDULQJ VKDUH ยบ PP ULP PRXQWLQJ KROHV [ P [ PD[LPXP SHUPLVVLEOH ZHDU GLDPHWHU ยบ PP SRZHUHG E\ FDVWLQJ DQG FXWWLQJ SURFHVVLQJ RQ PDFKLQHV FQF PDWHULDO JUD\ FDVW LURQ IF

EUDNH VKRH VHW

EUHPVEDFNHQVDW] ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ MXHJR GH ]DSDWDV GH IUHQRV MRJR GH PD[LODV GH WUDYยฅR

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD UD]D PP ODWLPHD PP

VHW VDERWL IUDQD

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW UDGLXV PP ZLGWK PP

EUDNH VKRH VHW MHX GH PยคFKRLUHV GH IUHLQ EUHPVEDFNHQVDW] ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ MXHJR GH ]DSDWDV GH IUHQRV MRJR GH PD[LODV GH WUDYยฅR

54


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

VHW VDERWL IUDQD EUDNH VKRH VHW

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD UD]D PP ODWLPHD PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW UDGLXV PP ZLGWK PP

MHX GH P¤FKRLUHV GH IUHLQ EUHPVEDFNHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϟϙ ώϒϏϒψϒώ MXHJR GH ]DSDWDV GH IUHQRV MRJR GH PD[LODV GH WUDY¥R

VHW DFFHVRULL VDERW GH IUDQD DFFHVVRU\ NLW EUDNH VKRHV NLW G DFFHVVRLUHV P¤FKRLUH GH IUHLQ ]XEHK¸UVDW] EUHPVEDFNHQ

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD SHQWUX VDERWL IUDQD IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW IRU EUDNH VKRHV

ώϒϐϓϏωώϖϗϢϝόω ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑτϣ ώϒϏϒψώτ MXHJR GH DFFHVRULRV ]DSDWDV GH IUHQR NLW GH DFHVVµULRV PD[LODV GR WUDY¥R

55


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD IOH[LELO OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [

IXUWXQ IUDQD

IOH[LEOH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG P [

EUDNH KRVH IOH[LEOH GH IUHLQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EUHPVVFKODXFK ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϜϏτϑχ WXER IOH[LEOH GH IUHQRV WXER IOH[¯YHO GH WUDY¥R

IOH[LELO SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [

IXUWXQ IUDQD

IOH[LEOH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG P [

EUDNH KRVH IOH[LEOH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKODXFK ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϜϏτϑχ WXER IOH[LEOH GH IUHQRV WXER IOH[¯YHO GH WUDY¥R

56


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

VHQ]RU WXUDWLH URDWD VHQVRU ZKHHO VSHHG FDSWHXU YLWHVVH GH URXH VHQVRU UDGGUHK]DKO ψτϖϛόώ ϛτϕϖϒϖτ φϔτϝωϑόϣ ώϒϏωϕτ VHQVRU UHYROXFLRQHV GH OD UXHGD VHQVRU URWD©·HV GD URGD

OXQJLPH >PP@ OHQJWK >PP@

FDEOX IUDQD GH SDUFDUH FDEOH SDUNLQJ EUDNH WLUHWWH ¢ F¤EOH IUHLQ GH VWDWLRQQHPHQW VHLO]XJ IHVWVWHOOEUHPVH ϖϔϒϕ ϕϖϒϣϑϒϛϑτϣ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑτϣ ϕόϕϖωϐτ FDEOH GH DFFLRQDPLHQWR IUHQR GH HVWDFLRQDPLHQWR FDER GH D©R WUDY¥R GH HVWDFLRQDPHQWR

57


FILTRARE • FILTERS

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX VLPHULQJ >PP@ GLPHQVLXQH ILOHW >PP@ P [ °QDOWLPH >PP@ PP

ILOWUX XOHL

GLDPHWHU >PP@ VHDO GLDPHWHU >PP@ WKUHDG VL]H >PP@ P [ KHLJKW >PP@ PP

RLO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ KXLOH

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

¸OILOWHU ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DFHLWH ILOWUR GH µOHR

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU

GLDPHWUX >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ SUHSDUDUH FRPEXVWLELO LQMHFWLH EHQ]LQD GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ IXHO PL[WXUH IRUPDWLRQ SHWURO LQMHFWLRQ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@

ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

GLDPHWUX >PP@ LQDOWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO

GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@

IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

58


FILTRARE • FILTERS

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@ ILOHW P [

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@ WKUHDG P [

ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLDPWUX LQWHULRU PP LQDOWLPH PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP KHLJKW PP

ILOWUR GH DU

59


FILTRARE • FILTERS

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP

ILOWUX DHU

OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

DLU ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

ILOWUX DHU KDELWDFOX ILOWHU LQWHULRU DLU ILOWUH DLU GH O KDELWDFOH ILOWHU LQQHQUDXPOXIW ϘόϏϠϖϔ φϒϋψϗϙ φϒ φϑϗϖϔωϑϑϒϐ ϓϔϒϕϖϔτϑϕϖφω ILOWUR DLUH KDELW£FXOR ILOWUR DU GR KDELW£FXOR

60

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP


APRINDERE • IGNITION

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH

$ $ $

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

61


APRINDERE • IGNITION

OXQJLPHD HOHFWURGXOXL DFWLY PP OXQJLPH WRWDOD PP KH[DJRQ VWULQJHUH PP [ PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH P [ PP

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILOHW H[WHULRU PP SDV ILOHW >PP@ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ GHVFKLGHUH FKHLH SR]LWLD VFDQWHLL PP QXPDU SROL

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

GLVWDQWD GLQWUH HOHFWUR]L >PP@ PRPHQW VWUDQJHUH >QP@ ILOHW H[WHULRU PP SDV ILOHW >PP@ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ GHVFKLGHUH FKHLH SR]LWLD VFDQWHLL PP QXPDU SROL

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

EXMLH LQFDQGHVFHQWD JORZ SOXJ ERXJLH GH SU«FKDXIIDJH JO¾KNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϑτώτϏόφτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH SUHFDOHQWDPLHQWR YHOD GH LQFDQGHVF¬QFLD

EXMLL VFDQWHLH VSDUN SOXJ ERXJLH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH HQFHQGLGR YHOD GH LJQL©¥R

EXMLL VFDQWHLH VSDUN SOXJ ERXJLH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH HQFHQGLGR YHOD GH LJQL©¥R

62


APRINDERE • IGNITION

ILVH EXMLL LJQLWLRQ FDEOH IDLVFHDX G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGOHLWXQJ ϓϔϒφϒψ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ FDEOH GH HQFHQGLGR FDER GH LJQL©¥R

PDWHULDO VLOLFRQH WLS FRQHFWRUL VDH P

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

63


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

FRPSUHVRU VLVWHP GH VXSUDDOLPHQWDUH

XWLOL]DW OD PRWRDUHOH N N N N N N N N XVHG IRU HQJLQH FRGHV N N N N N N N N

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1

FKDUJHU FKDUJLQJ V\VWHP WXUERFRPSUHVVHXU VXUDOLPHQWDWLRQ ODGHU DXIODGXQJ ώϒϐϓϔωϕϕϒϔ ϑτψψϗφ WXUERFRPSUHVRU VREUHDOLPHQWDFLµQ WXUERFRPSUHVVRU VREUHDOLPHQWD©¥R

UHWXU XOHL WXUERVXIODQWD WXUERFKDUJHU RLO UHWXUQ

FRQGXFWD SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

DQVDPEOX FODSHWD DFFHOHUDWLH WKURWWOH ERG\ FRUSV SDSLOORQ GURVVHONODSSHQVWXW]HQ ϓτϖϔϗυϒώ ψϔϒϕϕωϏϠϑϒύ ϋτϕϏϒϑώό FXHUSR GH PDULSRVD FRUSR GH ERUEROHWD

64


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

OXQJLPH >PP@

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

SDUW RI SDUW RI

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

OHQJWK >PP@ FDEOX DFFHOHUDWLH DFFHOHUDWRU FDEOH F¤EOH G DFF«O«UDWLRQ JDV]XJ ϖϔϒϕόώ χτϋτ FDEOH GHO DFHOHUDGRU FDER GR DFHOHUDGRU

VLVWHP DOLPHQWDUH FX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO IHHG XQLW XQLW« G LQMHFWLRQ GH FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRII I¸UGHUHLQKHLW ϡϏωϐωϑϖ ϕόϕϖωϐϟ ϓόϖτϑόϣ XQLGDG GH DOLPHQWDFLµQ GH FRPEXVWLEOH

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ UH]HUYRU FRPEXVWLELO SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD VLVWHP UHWXU FRPEXVWLELO PRG GH RSHUDUH HOHFWULF GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP OXQJLPH >PP@ PP SUHVLXQH >EDU@ EDU SUHVLXQH >SVL@ SVL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQ WKH IXHO WDQN IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW IXHO UHWXUQ V\VWHP HOHFWULF RSHUDWLQJ PRGH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP OHQJWK >PP@ PP SUHVVXUH >EDU@ EDU SUHVVXUH >SVL@ SVL YROWDJH >Y@ Y

XQLGDGH GH DOLPHQWD©¥R GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

SDUWH GLQ VLVWHP DOLPHQWDUH FX FRPEXVWLELO FRPSRQHQW RI IXHO IHHG XQLW

SRPSD FRPEXVWLELO IXHO SXPS SRPSH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIISXPSH ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH FRPEXVWLEOH ERPED GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

65


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

JDUQLWXUD SRPSD FRPEXVWLELO JDVNHW IXHO SXPS MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« SRPSH ¢ FDUEXUDQW GLFKWXQJ NUDIWVWRIISXPSH ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ MXQWD ERPED GH FRPEXVWLEOH MXQWD ERPED GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

EXVRQ UH]HUYRU GH FRPEXVWLELO FDS IXHO WDQN ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU GH FDUEXUDQW YHUVFKOX¡ NUDIWVWRIIEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϖϒϓϏόφϑϒύ υτώ WDSD GHSµVLWR GH FRPEXVWLEOH WDPSD GHSµVLWR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

66


ELECTRICA โ ข ELECTRICS

FXUHQW GH LQFDUFDUH JHQHUDWRU >D@ D WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y HFKLSDW FX IXOLH FXUHD ยบ>PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL

JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FKDUJLQJ FXUUHQW JHQHUDWRU >D@ D YROWDJH >Y@ Y HTXLSSHG ZLWK D SXOOH\ EHOW ยบ>PP@ ULEV QXPEHU

DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWHXU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ DOWHUQDGRU DOWHUQDGRU

JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWHXU JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ

FXUHQW GH LQFDUFDUH JHQHUDWRU >D@ D WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y ODWLPH >PP@ DOH]DM ยบ>PP@ HFKLSDW FX IXOLH FXUHD ยบ>PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL FKDUJLQJ FXUUHQW JHQHUDWRU >D@ D YROWDJH >Y@ Y ZLGWK >PP@ ERUH ยบ>PP@ HTXLSSHG ZLWK D SXOOH\ EHOW ยบ>PP@ ULEV QXPEHU

DOWHUQDGRU DOWHUQDGRU

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU

JURVLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ ILOHW LQWHULRU PP P [ SURILO FDS VXUXE SLXOLWD KH[DJRQ LQWHULRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX QXPDU QHUYXUL WKLFNQHVV >PP@ LQWHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ LQQHU WKUHDG PP P [ KHDG VFUHZ QXW SURILOH LQQHU KH[DJRQ PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP QXPEHU RI ULEV

SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

67


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ LQDOWLPH >PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU

RXWHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU

JURVLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ SURILO FDS VXUXE SLXOLWD KH[DJRQ LQWHULRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX QXPDU QHUYXUL WKLFNQHVV >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHDG VFUHZ QXW SURILOH LQQHU KH[DJRQ PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP QXPEHU RI ULEV

ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU

GLRGH GLRGH GLRGH GLRGH ψόϒψ GLRGR G¯RGR

68

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU UHJXODWRU DOWHUQDWRU UHJXODWRU DOWHUQDWRU U«JXODWHXU G DOWHUQDWHXU JHQHUDWRUUHJOHU ϔωχϗϏϣϖϒϔ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔτ UHJXODGRU GHO DOWHUQDGRU UHJXODGRU GR DOWHUQDGRU

UXOPHQW JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW PP [ [

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* G&L 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ VL]HV PP [ [

EHDULQJ DOWHUQDWRU FRXVVLQHW DOWHUQDWHXU ODJHU JHQHUDWRU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ FRMLQHWH DOWHUQDGRU PDQFDO DOWHUQDGRU

UXOPHQW JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ DOWHUQDWRU FRXVVLQHW DOWHUQDWHXU ODJHU JHQHUDWRU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ FRMLQHWH DOWHUQDGRU PDQFDO DOWHUQDGRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW PP [ [ FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ VL]HV PP [ [

69


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU

WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP QXPDU GLQWL

PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP QXPEHU RI WHHWK

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX

VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FDSDF HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLXP

FDS VWDUWHU ERQQHWWH G«PDUUHXU NDSSH VWDUWHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ WDSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

WDPSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

VWDWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDWRU VWDUWHU VWDWRU G«PDUUHXU VW¦QGHU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

70

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

EHQGL[ HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU QXPDU GLQWL FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH EHDULQJ VWDUWHU SDOLHU GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ G«PDUUHXU DQWULHEVODJHU VWDUWHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ϕϒ ϕϖϒϔϒϑϟ ϓϔόφϒψτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

EHQGL[ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URODPHQWR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

SODWRX FDUEXQL HOHFWURPRWRU FDUERQ EUXVK VWDUWHU EDODLV G«PDUUHXU NRKOHE¾UVWH VWDUWHU ϗχϒϏϠϑτϣ ϝωϖώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

HVFRELOOD GH FDUEµQ DUUDQFDGRU HVFRYD GH FDUY¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

71


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU VROHQRLG HOHFWURPRWRU VROHQRLG VZLWFK VWDUWHU FRQWDFWHXU G«PDUUHXU PDJQHWVFKDOWHU VWDUWHU ϖϣχϒφϒω ϔωϏω ϕϖτϔϖωϔ LQWHUUXSWRU PDJQ«WLFR HVW£UWHU LQWHUUXSWRU HOHFWURPDJQ«WLFR PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ VSDWHOH PRWRUXOXL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP WLS FXWLH YLWH]D FX UHGXFWRU QXPDU GLQWL

URWRU VWDUWHU URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

72

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ EHKLQG RI HQJLQH YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP QXPEHU RI WHHWK FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FDSDF HOHFWURPRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ IDWD PRWRUXOXL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP WLS FXWLH YLWH]D FX UHGXFWRU QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQ IURQW RI HQJLQH YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP JHDUER[ W\SH ZLWK UHGXFWRU QXPEHU RI WHHWK FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLXP

FDS VWDUWHU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ERQQHWWH G«PDUUHXU NDSSH VWDUWHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ WDSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH WDPSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

VWDWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDWRU VWDUWHU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU LPSUHXQD FX URWRUXO VH SRDWH PRQWD VL SH HOHFWURPRWRUXO FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WRJHWKHU ZLWK VWDWRU LW FDQ EH IL[HG RQ VWDUWHU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

VWDWRU G«PDUUHXU VW¦QGHU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

73


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

EHQGL[ HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU QXPDU GLQWL FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH EHDULQJ VWDUWHU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

SDOLHU GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ G«PDUUHXU DQWULHEVODJHU VWDUWHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ϕϒ ϕϖϒϔϒϑϟ ϓϔόφϒψτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ EHQGL[ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URODPHQWR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

UHGXFWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU UHGXFWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ϔωψϗώϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔτ

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

74

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU LPSUHXQD FX VWDWRUXO VH SRDWH PRQWD VL SH HOHFWURPRWRUXO FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WRJHWKHU ZLWK VWDWRU LW FDQ EH IL[HG RQ VWDUWHU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU SODWRX FDUEXQL HOHFWURPRWRU FDUERQ EUXVK VWDUWHU EDODLV G«PDUUHXU NRKOHE¾UVWH VWDUWHU ϗχϒϏϠϑτϣ ϝωϖώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVFRELOOD GH FDUEµQ DUUDQFDGRU HVFRYD GH FDUY¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU VROHQRLG HOHFWURPRWRU VROHQRLG VZLWFK VWDUWHU FRQWDFWHXU G«PDUUHXU PDJQHWVFKDOWHU VWDUWHU ϖϣχϒφϒω ϔωϏω ϕϖτϔϖωϔ LQWHUUXSWRU PDJQ«WLFR HVW£UWHU LQWHUUXSWRU HOHFWURPDJQ«WLFR PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

SRPSD GH DSD VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDWHU SXPS ZLQGRZ FOHDQLQJ SRPSH G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUSXPSH VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ ERPED GH DJXD GH ODYDGR ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV ERPED GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

WLS SRPSD SRPSD GXDOD QXPDU FRQH[LXQL JUHXWDWH NJ SXPS W\SH GXDO SXPS QXPEHU RI FRQQHFWLRQV ZHLJKW NJ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

75


ELECTRICA ELECTRICA •• ELECTRICS ELECTRICS

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPXWDWRU OXPLQL GH DYDULH VZLWFK KD]DUG OLJKW LQWHUUXSWHXU GH VLJQDO GH G«WUHVVH ZDUQEOLQNVFKDOWHU ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ τφτϔόύϑϒύ ϕόχϑτϏόϋτϚόό LQWHUUXSWRU LQWHUPLWHQWH GH DYLVR LQWHUUXSWRU SLVFDV GH HPHUJ¬QFLD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH DIWHU

FRPXWDWRU PDFDUD JHDP VZLWFK ZLQGRZ ZLQGHU LQWHUUXSWHXU OªYH YLWUH VFKDOWHU IHQVWHUKHEHU φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϕϖωώϏϒϏϒψϞωϐϑόώ LQWHUUXSWRU HOHYDOXQDV LQWHUUXSWRU HOHYDGRUHV GRV YLGURV

VHW LQFXLHWRDUH VLVWHP LQFKLGHUH ORFN VHW ORFNLQJ V\VWHP MHX GH VHUUXUHV V\VWªPH GH YHUURXLOODJH VFKOR¡VDW] VFKOLH¡DQODJH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϋτϐώτ ϋτϐϒώ MXHJR GH FHUUDGXUDV VLVWHPD GH FLHUUH MRJR GH IHFKDGXUDV VLVWHPD GH IHFKR

76


ELECTRICA ELECTRICA •• ELECTRICS ELECTRICS

SHQWUX OXPLQDUH KDELWDFOX LQ PRPHQWXO LQ FDUH SRUWLHUD VH GHVFKLGH SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD

FRPXWDWRU FRQWDFW SRUWLHUD

IRU LQWHULRU OLJKWLQJ ZKHQ WKH GRRU RSHQV ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU IURQW UHDU OHIW ULJKW

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

VZLWFK GRRU FRQWDFW LQWHUUXSWHXU FRQWDFWHXU GH SRUWH VFKDOWHU W¾UNRQWDNW φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ώϒϑϖτώϖ ψφωϔό LQWHUUXSWRU FRQWDFWR GH SXHUWD LQWHUUXSWRU FRQWDFWR GH SRUWD

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD PDUVDULHU VZLWFK UHYHUVH OLJKW LQWHUUXSWHXU IHX PDUFKH DUULªUH VFKDOWHU U¾FNIDKUOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ Ϙτϔτ ϋτψϑωχϒ ϙϒψτ LQWHUUXSWRU SLORWR GH PDUFKD DWU£V LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH PDUFKD DWU£V

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD IUDQD VZLWFK VWRS OLJKW FRQWDFWHXU IHX VWRS VFKDOWHU EUHPVOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϕόχϑτϏτ ϖϒ LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH IUHQR LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH VWRS

77


ELECTRICA ELECTRICA •• ELECTRICS ELECTRICS

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD IUDQD VZLWFK VWRS OLJKW FRQWDFWHXU IHX VWRS VFKDOWHU EUHPVOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϕόχϑτϏτ ϖϒ LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH IUHQR LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH VWRS

VHQ]RU LPSXOVXUL DUERUH FRWLW VHQVRU FUDQNVKDIW SXOVH J«Q«UDWHXU G LPSXOVLRQV YLOHEUHTXLQ LPSXOVJHEHU NXUEHOZHOOH ψτϖϛόώ όϐϓϗϏϠϕϒφ JHQHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FLJ¾H³DO JHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FDPERWD

VHQ]RU LPSXOVXUL DUERUH FRWLW VHQVRU FUDQNVKDIW SXOVH J«Q«UDWHXU G LPSXOVLRQV YLOHEUHTXLQ LPSXOVJHEHU NXUEHOZHOOH ψτϖϛόώ όϐϓϗϏϠϕϒφ JHQHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FLJ¾H³DO JHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FDPERWD

78


ELECTRICA ELECTRICA •• ELECTRICS ELECTRICS

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

VHQ]RU SUHVLXQH VXSUDDOLPHQWDUH VHQVRU ERRVW SUHVVXUH FDSWHXU SUHVVLRQ GH VXUDOLPHQWDWLRQ VHQVRU ODGHGUXFN ψτϖϛόώ ψτφϏωϑόω ϑτψψϗφτ VHQVRU SUHVLµQ GH VREUHDOLPHQWDFLµQ VHQVRU SUHVV¥R GH VREUHDOLPHQWD©¥R

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG DIWHU

VHQ]RU YLWH]D VHQVRU VSHHG FDSWHXU YLWHVVH VHQVRU JHVFKZLQGLJNHLW ψτϖϛόώ ϕώϒϔϒϕϖϠ VHQVRU YHORFLGDG VHQVRU YHORFLGDGH

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH LQDLQWH GH DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH EHIRUH

VHQ]RU LPSXOVXUL DUERUH FRWLW VHQVRU FUDQNVKDIW SXOVH J«Q«UDWHXU G LPSXOVLRQV YLOHEUHTXLQ LPSXOVJHEHU NXUEHOZHOOH ψτϖϛόώ όϐϓϗϏϠϕϒφ JHQHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FLJ¾H³DO JHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FDPERWD

79


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

VHQ]RU SUHVLXQH DPSOLILFDUH IUDQH SUHVVXUH VHQVRU EUDNH ERRVWHU FDSWHXU GH SUHVVLRQ VHUYRIUHLQ GUXFNVHQVRU EUHPVNUDIWYHUVW¦UNHU ψτϖϛόώ ψτφϏωϑόϣ ϗϕόϏόϖωϏϠ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕόϕϖωϐϟ VHQVRU GH SUHVLµQ VHUYRIUHQR VHQVRU GH SUHVV¥R VHUYR IUHLR

VHQRU EDWDL NQRFN VHQVRU FDSWHXU GH FRJQHPHQW NORSIVHQVRU ψτϖϛόώ ψωϖϒϑτϚόό VHQVRU GH GHWRQDFLRQHV VHQVRU GH GHWRQD©¥R

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH LQDLQWH GH DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH EHIRUH

VHQ]RU YLWH]D VHQVRU VSHHG FDSWHXU YLWHVVH VHQVRU JHVFKZLQGLJNHLW ψτϖϛόώ ϕώϒϔϒϕϖϠ VHQVRU YHORFLGDG VHQVRU YHORFLGDGH

80


MOTOR • ENGINE ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FKLXODVD F\OLQGHU KHDG FXODVVH GH F\OLQGUH ]\OLQGHUNRSI χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ FXODWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

JDUQLWXUD FKLXODVD JDVNHW F\OLQGHU KHDG MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FXODVVH GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD FXODWD MXQWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

JDUQLWXUD FKLXODVD JDVNHW F\OLQGHU KHDG MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FXODVVH

JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO PHWDO WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO VWHHO

GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD FXODWD MXQWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

81


MOTOR • ENGINE

JDUQLWXUD FDSDF VXSDSH

JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO PHWDO WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO VWHHO

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

JDVNHW URFNHU FRYHU MRLQW GH FDFKH FXOEXWHXUV GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSIKDXEH ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ώϔϟϜώτ χϒϏϒφώό ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD WDSD GH FXODWD GH FLOLQGUR MXQWD WDPSD GDV Y£OYXODV

JDUQLWXUD EDLH XOHL JDVNHW RLO VXPS MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FDUWHU G KXLOH GLFKWXQJ ¸OVXPSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ϐτϕϏϣϑϑτϣ φτϑϑτ MXQWD GHSµVLWR GH DFHLWH MXQWD GHSµVLWR GR µOHR

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

82

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH FXWLH YLWH]H

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW JHDUER[ VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ ULJKW


MOTOR MOTOR •• ENGINE ENGINE

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH FXWLH YLWH]H

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD GUHDSWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW JHDUER[ VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ ULJKW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH URDWD

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW ZKHHO VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ OHIW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH URDWD

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW ZKHHO VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ OHIW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

83


MOTOR โ ข ENGINE

VHW EF VHW SFV

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

VHW EF VHW SFV

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

VHW EF VHW SFV

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

84


MOTOR โ ข ENGINE

VHW EF VHW SFV

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

VHW EF VHW EF

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

VHW EF VHW EF

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

85


MOTOR • ENGINE

VHW EF VWG UHSDUDWLH ELOH VHW SFV VWG UHSDLU VHW IRU FRQQHFWLQJ URGV

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

VHPLFX]LQHWL ELHOD ELJ HQG EHDULQJV FRXVVLQHW GH ELHOOH SOHXHOODJHU Ϝτϖϗϑϑϟύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH ELHOD FKXPDFHLUD GH ELHOD

VHW UHSDUDWLH SLVWRDQH UHSDLU VHW IRU SLVWRQV

VHW VHJPHQWL SLVWRQ SLVWRQ ULQJ NLW MHX GH VHJPHQWV GH SLVWRQV NROEHQULQJVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒϔϜϑωφϟϙ ώϒϏωϚ MXHJR GH DURV GH SLVWµQ MRJR GH VHJPHQWRV GR ¬PEROR

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP GH XQJHUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OXEULFDWLRQ V\VWHP

EDLH XOHL RLO SDQ FDUWHU G KXLOH ¸OZDQQH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ F£UWHU GH DFHLWH F£UWHU GR µOHR

86


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EDLH XOHL RLO SDQ FDUWHU G KXLOH ¸OZDQQH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ F£UWHU GH DFHLWH F£UWHU GR µOHR

EDLH XOHL RLO SDQ FDUWHU G KXLOH ¸OZDQQH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ F£UWHU GH DFHLWH F£UWHU GR µOHR

VXUXE GH JROLUH EDLD GH XOHL RLO GUDLQ SOXJ RLO SDQ YLV ERXFKRQ FDUWHU G KXLOH YHUVFKOX¡VFKUDXEH ¸OZDQQH ϔωϋϠυϒφτϣ ϓϔϒυώτ ϐτϕϏϣϑϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ WDSµQ URVFDGR FROHFWRU GH DFHLWH EXM¥R URVFDGR F£UWHU GH µOHR

GLPHQVLXQH ILOHW P [ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ WKUHDG P [ OHQJKW >PP@

87


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EXVRQ XPSOHUH XOHL FDS RLO ILOOHU ERXFKRQ JRXORWWH GH UHPSOLVVDJH G KXLOH YHUVFKOX¡ ¸OHLQI¾OOVWXW]HQ ώϔϟϜώτ ϋτϏόφϑτϣ χϒϔϏϒφόϑτ WDSD WXEXODGXUD GH UHOOHQR GH DFHLWH WDPSD WXER GH HQFKLPHQWR GH µOHR

SRPSD XOHL RLO SXPS SRPSH ¢ KXLOH ¸OSXPSH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DFHLWH ERPED GH µOHR

88

XWLOL]DW OD PRWRDUHOH N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N XVHG IRU HQJLQH FRGHV N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N


MOTOR • ENGINE

FRPSRQHQWD SRPSD XOHL

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI RLO SXPS SLQLRQ SRPSD XOHL JHDU RLO SXPS URXH GHQW«H SRPSH ¢ KXLOH ]DKQUDG ¸OSXPSH Ϝωϕϖωϔϑϣ ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ UXHGD GHQWDGD ERPED GH DFHLWH URGD GHQWDGD ERPED GH µOHR

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH XOHL PRWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

RLO FRROHU HQJLQH RLO UDGLDWHXU G KXLOH ¸ON¾KOHU PRWRU¸O ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ψφόχτϖωϏϠϑϒω ϐτϕϏϒ UDGLDGRU GH DFHLWH PRWRU UDGLDGRU GH µOHR GR PRWRU

89


MOTOR • ENGINE

SRPSD KLGUDXOLFD VLVWHP GH GLUHFWLH K\GUDXOLF SXPS VWHHULQJ V\VWHP

5 5 + ' '

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

SRPSH K\GUDXOLTXH GLUHFWLRQ K\GUDXOLNSXPSH OHQNXQJ χόψϔτφϏόϛωϕώόύ ϑτϕϒϕ ϔϗϏωφϒω ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ERPED KLGU£XOLFD GLUHFFLµQ ERPED KLGU£XOLFD GLUHF©¥R

IXOLH SRPSD VHUYR SXOOH\ SRZHU VWHHULQJ SXPS SRXOLH SRPSH GH GLUHFWLRQ DVVLVW«H ULHPHQVFKHLEH VHUYRSXPSH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ϑτϕϒϕ χόψϔϒϗϕόϏόϖωϏϣ SROHD VHUYRERPED SROLD ERPED GD GLUHF©¥R DVVLVWLGD

IXOLH FXUHD DUERUH FRWLW EHOW SXOOH\ FUDQNVKDIW SRXOLH YLOHEUHTXLQ ULHPHQVFKHLEH NXUEHOZHOOH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ SROHD FLJ¾H³DO SROLD FDPERWD

90


MOTOR • ENGINE

ODWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ QXPDU GLQWL

URDWD GLQWDWD D[ FX FDPH

ZLGWK >PP@ LQQHU GLDPWHU >PP@ RXWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI WHHWK

JHDU FDPVKDIW

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

URXH GHQW«H DUEUH ¢ FDPH ]DKQUDG QRFNHQZHOOH Ϝωϕϖωϔϑϣ ϔτϕϓϔωψωϏόϖωϏϠϑϟύ φτϏ UXHGD GHQWDGD £UERO GH OHYDV URGD GHQWDGD £UYRUH GH FDPHV

IXOLH FXUHD DUERUH FRWLW EHOW SXOOH\ FUDQNVKDIW SRXOLH YLOHEUHTXLQ ULHPHQVFKHLEH NXUEHOZHOOH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ SROHD FLJ¾H³DO SROLD FDPERWD

VXSRUW PRWRU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW PRWHXU ODJHUXQJ PRWRU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϠ VRSRUWH PRWRU VXSRUWH PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD FHQWUX SDUWHD GH MRV PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH FHQWHU ORZHU SDUW PDWHULDO UXEEHU VWHHO

91


MOTOR MOTOR •• ENGINE ENGINE

WDPSRQ VXSRUW PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD PDWHULDO PHWDO FDXFLXF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW PDWHULDO PHWDO UXEEHU

EXIIHU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ DPRUWLVVHXU VXVSHQVLRQ GX PRWHXU G¦PSIHU PRWRUODJHUXQJ χτϕόϖωϏϠ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ DPRUWLJXDGRU VXVSHQVLµQ GHO PRWRU DPRUWHFHGRU VXVSHQV¥R GR PRWRU

VXSRUW PRWRU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW PRWHXU ODJHUXQJ PRWRU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϠ VRSRUWH PRWRU VXSRUWH PRWRU

92

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD PDWHULDO DOXPLQX D

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP D


MOTOR • ENGINE

WDPSRQ VXSRUW PRWRU EXIIHU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD PDWHULDO PHWDO FDXFLXF PRG RSHUDUH KLGUDXOLF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW PDWHULDO PHWDO UXEEHU RSHUDWLQJ PRGH K\GUDXOLF

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

DPRUWLVVHXU VXVSHQVLRQ GX PRWHXU G¦PSIHU PRWRUODJHUXQJ χτϕόϖωϏϠ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ DPRUWLJXDGRU VXVSHQVLµQ GHO PRWRU DPRUWHFHGRU VXVSHQV¥R GR PRWRU

WDPSRQ VXSRUW PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU VWHHO

EXIIHU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ DPRUWLVVHXU VXVSHQVLRQ GX PRWHXU G¦PSIHU PRWRUODJHUXQJ χτϕόϖωϏϠ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ DPRUWLJXDGRU VXVSHQVLµQ GHO PRWRU DPRUWHFHGRU VXVSHQV¥R GR PRWRU

VXSDSD HJU HJU YDOYH YDQQH DJU DJU YHQWLO ώϏτϓτϑ φϒϋφϔτϖτ ϒχ Y£OYXOD DJU Y£OYXOD GH UHFLUFXOD©¥R GRV JDVHV GH HVFDSH

93


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

MRMD XOHL RLO GLSVWLFN MDXJH GH QLYHDX G KXLOH ¸OSHLOVWDE ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ ϗϔϒφϑϣ ϐτϕϏτ YDULOOD GHO QLYHO GH DFHLWH YDUHWD GR Q¯YHO GH µOHR

MRMD XOHL RLO GLSVWLFN MDXJH GH QLYHDX G KXLOH ¸OSHLOVWDE ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ ϗϔϒφϑϣ ϐτϕϏτ YDULOOD GHO QLYHO GH DFHLWH YDUHWD GR Q¯YHO GH µOHR

94


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH PRWRU UDGLDWRU HQJLQH FRROLQJ UDGLDWHXU UHIURLGLVVHPHQW GX PRWHXU N¾KOHU PRWRUN¾KOXQJ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ϒϙϏτϊψωϑόω ψφόχτϖωϏ UDGLDGRU UHIULJHUDFLµQ GHO PRWRU

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH FX DF JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP FDSDFLWDWH OLFKLG UDFLUH O GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH PP GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH PP VXSUDIDWD GH UDFLUH HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX ED]LQHOH GH LQFKLGHUH VXQW GLQ PDWHULDO SODVWLF

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP OLTXLG FRROLQJ FDSDFLW\ O LQOHW GLDPHWHU PP RXWOHW GLDPHWHU PP FRROLQJ VXUIDFH LV DOXPLQXP WKH FORVLQJ EDVLQV DUH IURP SODVWLF PDWHULDO

UDGLDGRU DUUHIHFLPHQWR GR PRWRU

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH PRWRU UDGLDWRU HQJLQH FRROLQJ UDGLDWHXU UHIURLGLVVHPHQW GX PRWHXU N¾KOHU PRWRUN¾KOXQJ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ϒϙϏτϊψωϑόω ψφόχτϖωϏ UDGLDGRU UHIULJHUDFLµQ GHO PRWRU

JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP FDSDFLWDWH OLFKLG UDFLUH O GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH PP GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH PP VXSUDIDWD GH UDFLUH HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX ED]LQHOH GH LQFKLGHUH VXQW GLQ PDWHULDO SODVWLF WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP OLTXLG FRROLQJ FDSDFLW\ O LQOHW GLDPHWHU PP RXWOHW GLDPHWHU PP FRROLQJ VXUIDFH LV DOXPLQXP WKH FORVLQJ EDVLQV DUH IURP SODVWLF PDWHULDO

UDGLDGRU DUUHIHFLPHQWR GR PRWRU

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH PRWRU UDGLDWRU HQJLQH FRROLQJ UDGLDWHXU UHIURLGLVVHPHQW GX PRWHXU N¾KOHU PRWRUN¾KOXQJ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ϒϙϏτϊψωϑόω ψφόχτϖωϏ UDGLDGRU UHIULJHUDFLµQ GHO PRWRU

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP FDSDFLWDWH OLFKLG UDFLUH O GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH PP GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH PP VXSUDIDWD GH UDFLUH HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX ED]LQHOH GH LQFKLGHUH VXQW GLQ PDWHULDO SODVWLF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP OLTXLG FRROLQJ FDSDFLW\ O LQOHW GLDPHWHU PP RXWOHW GLDPHWHU PP FRROLQJ VXUIDFH LV DOXPLQXP WKH FORVLQJ EDVLQV DUH IURP SODVWLF PDWHULDO

UDGLDGRU DUUHIHFLPHQWR GR PRWRU

95


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH PRWRU UDGLDWRU HQJLQH FRROLQJ UDGLDWHXU UHIURLGLVVHPHQW GX PRWHXU N¾KOHU PRWRUN¾KOXQJ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ϒϙϏτϊψωϑόω ψφόχτϖωϏ UDGLDGRU UHIULJHUDFLµQ GHO PRWRU

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DF JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP FDSDFLWDWH OLFKLG UDFLUH O GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH PP GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH PP VXSUDIDWD GH UDFLUH HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX ED]LQHOH GH LQFKLGHUH VXQ UHDOL]DWH GLQ PDWHULDO SODVWLF

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP OLTXLG FRROLQJ FDSDFLW\ O LQOHW GLDPHWHU PP RXWOHW GLDPHWHU PP FRROLQJ VXUIDFH LV DOXPLQXP WKH FORVLQJ EDVLQV DUH IURP SODVWLF PDWHULDO

UDGLDGRU DUUHIHFLPHQWR GR PRWRU

VXSRUW UDGLDWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD PDWHULDO DOXPLQX ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQX

UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

VXSRUW UDGLDWRU UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

96

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD PDWHULDO DOXPLQX ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQX


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

WDPSRQ IL[DUH UDGLDWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD SDUWHD LQIHULRUDUD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU LQIHULRU SDUW PDWHULDO UXEEHU

UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

FRQGHQVDWRU FOLPDWL]DUH FRQGHQVHU DLU FRQGLWLRQLQJ FRQGHQVHXU FOLPDWLVDWLRQ

JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQX IDUD XVFDWRU WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP ZLWKRXW GU\HU

NRQGHQVDWRU NOLPDDQODJH ώϒϑψωϑϕτϖϒϔ ώϒϑψόϚόϒϑωϔ FRQGHQVDGRU DLUH DFRQGLFLRQDGR FRQGHQVDGRU DU FRQGLFLRQDGR

97


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

FRQGHQVDWRU FOLPDWL]DUH FRQGHQVHU DLU FRQGLWLRQLQJ FRQGHQVHXU FOLPDWLVDWLRQ

JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQX FX XVFDWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP ZLWK GU\HU

NRQGHQVDWRU NOLPDDQODJH ώϒϑψωϑϕτϖϒϔ ώϒϑψόϚόϒϑωϔ FRQGHQVDGRU DLUH DFRQGLFLRQDGR FRQGHQVDGRU DU FRQGLFLRQDGR

GLPHQVLXQL UDGLDWRU PP [ [ FRUH GLPHQVLRQV PP [ [

LQWHUFRROHU UDGLDWRU LQWHUFRROHU FKDUJHU LQWHUFRROHU «FKDQJHXU ODGHOXIWN¾KOHU όϑϖωϔώϗϏωϔ UDGLDGRU GH DLUH GH DGPLVLµQ UDGLDGRU GR DU GH VREUHDOLPHQWD©¥R

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

98


RACIRE RACIRE •• COOLING COOLING SYSTEM SYSTEM

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

99


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

FRQGXFWD SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

SDUWH PRQWDUH GH OD UDGLDWRU DSD OD PRWRU PDWHULDO FDXFLXF FX LQVHUWLL GH ILEUD

FRQGXFWD

ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURP ZDWHU UDGLDWRU WR HQJLQH PDWHULDO UXEEHU ZLWK ILEHU LQVHUWLRQV

SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

100


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

FRQGXFWD SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

FRQGXFWD SLSH

SDUWH PRQWDUH GHDVXSUD GH OD FRQGXFWD FXSODUH OD UDGLDWRU UDFLUH PDWHULDO FDXFLXF FX LQVHUWLL GH ILEUD ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ DERYH IURP FRXSOLQJ SLSH WR ZDWHU UDGLDWRU PDWHULDO UXEEHU ZLWK ILEHU LQVHUWLRQV

WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

FDUFDVD WHUPRVWDW WKHUPRVWDW KRXVLQJ ER°WLHU GX WKHUPRVWDW WKHUPRVWDWJHK¦XVH ώϒϔϓϗϕ ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖτ FDMD GHO WHUPRVWDWR FDL[D GR WHUPµVWDWR

101


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

WHPSHUDWXUD GH GHVFKLGHUH rF RSHQLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH rF

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

WHUPRVWDW OLFKLG UDFLUH WKHUPRVWDW FRRODQW WKHUPRVWDW G HDX WKHUPRVWDW N¾KOPLWWHO ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ WHUPRVWDWR UHIULJHUDQWH WHUPµVWDWR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

WHPSHUDWXUD GH GHVFKLGHUH rF RSHQLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH rF

WHUPRVWDW OLFKLG UDFLUH WKHUPRVWDW FRRODQW WKHUPRVWDW G HDX WKHUPRVWDW N¾KOPLWWHO ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ WHUPRVWDWR UHIULJHUDQWH WHUPµVWDWR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

VHQ]RU WHPSHUDWXUD OLFKLG UDFLUH FRRODQW WHPSHUDWXUH VHQVRU VRQGH GH WHPS«UDWXUH OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW N¾KOPLWWHOWHPSHUDWXU VH QVRU ϖωϐϓωϔτϖϗϔϑϟύ ψτϖϛόώ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝωύ ϊόψώϒϕϖό VHQVRU WHPS UHIULJHUDQWH VHQVRU GD WHPSHUDWXUD GR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

102


RACIRE RACIRE •• COOLING COOLING SYSTEM SYSTEM

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

UH]HUYRU DSD VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDVKHU IOXLG WDQN ZLQGRZ FOHDQLQJ U«VHUYRLU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUEHK¦OWHU VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ψϏϣ φϒψϟ ψϏϣ ϛόϕϖώό

GHSµVLWR GHO DJXD GH ODYDGR ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV GHSµVLWR GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP UDFLUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FRROLQJ V\VWHP

EXVRQ YDV H[SDQVLXQH FDS UDGLDWRU ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU GH OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW YHUVFKOX¡GHFNHO N¾KOPLWWHOEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝωύ ϊόψώϒϕϖό WDSµQ GHSµVLWR GH UHIULJHUDQWH WDPSD GHSµVLWR GR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

103


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

YDV GH H[SDQVLXQH UDFLUH H[SDQVLRQ WDQN FRRODQW YDVH G H[SDQVLRQ OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW DXVJOHLFKVEHK¦OWHU N¾KOPLWWHO ώϒϐϓωϑϕτϚόϒϑϑϟύ υτώ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ GHSµVLWR FRPSHQVDFLµQ UHIULJHUDQWH GHSµVLWR GH FRPSHQVD©¥R UHIULJHUDQWH

104

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

PDWHULDO FDXFLXF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

PDWHULDO UXEEHU WDPSRQ FDXFLXF DPRUWL]RU HVDSDPHQW UXEEHU EXIIHU VLOHQFHU EXW«H «ODVWLTXH VLOHQFLHX[ DQVFKODJSXIIHU VFKDOOG¦PSIHU υϗϘωϔ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ DOPRKDGLOOD GH WRSH VLOHQFLDGRU EDWHQWH GH HQFRVWR VLOHQFLDGRU

LQHO HWDQVDUH JDOHULH HYDFXDUH VHDO H[KDXVW SLSH EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW GLFKWULQJ DEJDVURKU ϗϓϏϒϖϑόϖωϏϠϑϒω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ MXQWD DQXODU WXER GH HVFDSH UHWHQWRU WXER GH HVFDSH

105


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

LQHO HWDQVDUH JDOHULH HYDFXDUH VHDO H[KDXVW SLSH EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW GLFKWULQJ DEJDVURKU ϗϓϏϒϖϑόϖωϏϠϑϒω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ MXQWD DQXODU WXER GH HVFDSH UHWHQWRU WXER GH HVFDSH

PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

FDWDOL]DWRU FDWDO\WLF FRQYHUWHU FDWDO\VHXU NDWDO\VDWRU ώτϖτϏόϋτϖϒϔ FDWDOL]DGRU FDWDOLVDGRU

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

106

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO

UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

107


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

108

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

109


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 03, /3* 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 5(1$8/7 721'$5

LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

110

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 9 9 )OH[LIXHO 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP GH HVDSDPHQW ILWWLQJ SDUW H[KDXVW V\VWHP

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

111


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

IDU KHDGOLJKW SURMHFWHXU SULQFLSDO KDXSWVFKHLQZHUIHU

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH VHW EXF VWDQJD GUHDSWD

VXQW GRWDUH FX EHFXUL K Y Z SHQWUX ID]D OXQJD VFXUWD QX HVWH QHFHVDU QLFL XQ HOHPHQW GH IL[DUH VXSOLPHQWDU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG EHIRUH VHW SFV OHIW ULJKW

HTXLSHG ZLWK EXOEV K Y ZZ IRU GLVWDQFH DQG ORZHU OLJKW EHDP QRW QHHG DQ\ DGGLWLRQDO HOHPHQW IRU IL[WXUH

ϒϕϑϒφϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR SULQFLSDO IDURO SULQFLSDO

IDU KHDGOLJKW SURMHFWHXU SULQFLSDO KDXSWVFKHLQZHUIHU ϒϕϑϒφϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR SULQFLSDO IDURO SULQFLSDO

IDU KHDGOLJKW SURMHFWHXU SULQFLSDO KDXSWVFKHLQZHUIHU ϒϕϑϒφϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR SULQFLSDO IDURO SULQFLSDO

112

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD H PDUN H UHJODUHD IDUXOXL VH IDFH SH SR]LWLD ૺ ૻ D EXWRQXOXL GH UHJODM FX DMXWRUXO XQXL UHJORVFRS LQ OLPLWD D r ¹ rLQ SODQ YHUWLFDO VL s r LQ SODQ RUL]RQWDO UHJODUHD IDVFLFXOXOXL OXPLQRV LQ IXQFWLH GH LQFDUFDUHD PDVLQLL HVWH GH r DFHDVWD UHJODUH VH IDFH GLQ KDELWDFOX SULQ DFWLRQDUH PHFDQLFD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG EHIRUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW H PDUN H WKH DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG RQ ૺ ૻ SRVLWLRQ RI WKH FRQWURO EXWWRQ E\ PHDQV RI D VHWWHU XS LQ WKH OLPLW RI r¹ r YHUWLFDOO\ DQG s r KRUL]RQWDOO\ WKH DGMXVWPHQW RI WKH OXPLQRXV EHDP GHSHQGLQJ RQ FDU ORDGLQJ LV RI r WKLV DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG IURP WKH ELQQDFOH E\ PHFKDQLF GULYLQJ SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD H PDUN H UHJODUHD IDUXOXL VH IDFH SH SR]LWLD ૺ ૻ D EXWRQXOXL GH UHJODM FX DMXWRUXO XQXL UHJORVFRS LQ OLPLWD D r ¹ rLQ SODQ YHUWLFDO VL s r LQ SODQ RUL]RQWDO UHJODUHD IDVFLFXOXOXL OXPLQRV LQ IXQFWLH GH LQFDUFDUHD PDVLQLL HVWH GH r DFHDVWD UHJODUH VH IDFH GLQ KDELWDFOX SULQ DFWLRQDUH PHFDQLFD IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG EHIRUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW H PDUN H WKH DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG RQ ૺ ૻ SRVLWLRQ RI WKH FRQWURO EXWWRQ E\ PHDQV RI D VHWWHU XS LQ WKH OLPLW RI r¹ r YHUWLFDOO\ DQG s r KRUL]RQWDOO\ WKH DGMXVWPHQW RI WKH OXPLQRXV EHDP GHSHQGLQJ RQ FDU ORDGLQJ LV RI r WKLV DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG IURP WKH ELQQDFOH E\ PHFKDQLF GULYLQJ


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

IDU KHDGOLJKW SURMHFWHXU SULQFLSDO

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD UHJODUHD IDUXOXL VH IDFH SH SR]LWLD ૺ ૻ D EXWRQXOXL GH UHJODM FX DMXWRUXO XQXL UHJORVFRS LQ OLPLWD D r ¹ rLQ SODQ YHUWLFDO VL s r LQ SODQ RUL]RQWDO UHJODUHD IDVFLFXOXOXL OXPLQRV LQ IXQFWLH GH LQFDUFDUHD PDVLQLL HVWH GH r DFHDVWD UHJODUH VH IDFH GLQ KDELWDFOX SULQ DFWLRQDUH PHFDQLFD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

KDXSWVFKHLQZHUIHU ϒϕϑϒφϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR SULQFLSDO IDURO SULQFLSDO

IDU KHDGOLJKW SURMHFWHXU SULQFLSDO

IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG DIWHU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW WKH DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG RQ ૺ ૻ SRVLWLRQ RI WKH FRQWURO EXWWRQ E\ PHDQV RI D VHWWHU XS LQ WKH OLPLW RI r¹ r YHUWLFDOO\ DQG s r KRUL]RQWDOO\ WKH DGMXVWPHQW RI WKH OXPLQRXV EHDP GHSHQGLQJ RQ FDU ORDGLQJ LV RI r WKLV DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG IURP WKH ELQQDFOH E\ PHFKDQLF GULYLQJ SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD UHJODUHD IDUXOXL VH IDFH SH SR]LWLD ૺ ૻ D EXWRQXOXL GH UHJODM FX DMXWRUXO XQXL UHJORVFRS LQ OLPLWD D r ¹ rLQ SODQ YHUWLFDO VL s r LQ SODQ RUL]RQWDO UHJODUHD IDVFLFXOXOXL OXPLQRV LQ IXQFWLH GH LQFDUFDUHD PDVLQLL HVWH GH r DFHDVWD UHJODUH VH IDFH GLQ KDELWDFOX SULQ DFWLRQDUH PHFDQLFD

KDXSWVFKHLQZHUIHU ϒϕϑϒφϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR SULQFLSDO IDURO SULQFLSDO

SURLHFWRU FHDWD IRJ OLJKW SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR DQWLQLHEOD IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG DIWHU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW WKH DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG RQ ૺ ૻ SRVLWLRQ RI WKH FRQWURO EXWWRQ E\ PHDQV RI D VHWWHU XS LQ WKH OLPLW RI r¹ r YHUWLFDOO\ DQG s r KRUL]RQWDOO\ WKH DGMXVWPHQW RI WKH OXPLQRXV EHDP GHSHQGLQJ RQ FDU ORDGLQJ LV RI r WKLV DGMXVWPHQW LV UHDOL]HG IURP WKH ELQQDFOH E\ PHFKDQLF GULYLQJ SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD GUHDSWD EHF K Z ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW ULJKW EXOE K Z

113


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

SHQWUX SURLHFWRU FHDWD IRU IRJ ODPS

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FDEODM SURLHFWRU FHDWD KDUQHVV IRJ OLJKW NLW GH F¤EOHV SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG NDEHOVDW] QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ώτυωϏϠϑϟύ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ KD] GH FDEOHV IDUR DQWLQLHEOD MRJR GH FDERV IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH DULSD IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW IHQGHU OHIW ULJKW

VHPQDOL]DWRU LQGLFDWRU IHX FOLJQRWDQW EOLQNOHXFKWH ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϗώτϋτϖωϏϣ ϓϒφϒϔϒϖτ SLORWR LQWHUPLWHQWH SLVFD

114


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

ODPSD LOXPLQDUH QXPDU FLUFXODWLH

SDUWH PRQWDUH EDUD VSDWH LOXPLQDUH QXPDU LQPDWULFXODUH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU EXPEHU OLJKWLQJ UHJLVWUDWLRQ QXPEHU

OLFHQFH SODWH ODPS IHX «FODLUHXU GH SODTXH NHQQ]HLFKHQOHXFKWH ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϒϕφωϝωϑόϣ ϑϒϐωϔϑϒχϒ ϋϑτώτ SLORWR GH PDWU¯FXOD OX] GH FKDSD GH PDWU¯FXOD

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH VHW EXF VWDQJD GUHDSWD

VWRS FODU IXQGDO FURP VLVWHP FODVLF SH EHFXUL GRWDWH FX EHFXUL FRUHVSXQ]DWRDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQ S\ Z

VWRS IUDQD S Z

PDUVDULHU OXPLQD FHDWD S Z

QX HVWH QHFHVDU QLFL XQ HOHPHQW GH IL[DUH VXSOLPHQWDU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG EHIRUH VHW RI SFV OHIW ULJKW

VWRS FOHDU EDFNJURXQG FKURPH FODVVLF ODPS V\VWHP HTXLSSHG ZLWK FRUUHVSRQGLQJ EXOEV \HOORZ VLJQDO S\ Z

VWRS OLJKW S Z

UHYHUVH IRJ OLJKW S Z

QRW QHHG DQ\ DGGLWLRQDO HOHPHQW IRU IL[WXUH SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DWRU JDOEHQD GRWDWH FX EHFXUL FRUHVSXQ]DWRDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQ S\ Z

VWRS IUDQD S Z

PDUVDULHU OXPLQD FHDWD S Z

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW \HOORZ HTXLSSHG ZLWK DSSURSULDWH EXOEV \HOORZ VLJQDO S\ Z

VWRS OLJKW S Z

UHYHUVH IRJ OLJKW S Z

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

115


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DWRU JDOEHQD GRWDWH FX EHFXUL FRUHVSXQ]DWRDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQ S\ Z

VWRS IUDQD S Z

PDUVDULHU OXPLQD FHDWD S Z

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW \HOORZ HTXLSSHG ZLWK DSSURSULDWH EXOEV \HOORZ VLJQDO S\ Z

VWRS OLJKW S Z

UHYHUVH IRJ OLJKW S Z

OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

GLVSHUVRU ODPSD VSDWH

SDUWH PRQWDUH ODPSD VSDWH VWDQJD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ODPS OHIW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW \HOORZ

OHQV WDLOOLJKW YR\DQW IHX DUULªUH OLFKWVFKHLEH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϔτϕϕωόφτϖωϏϠ ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ WXOLSD SLORWR SRVWHULRU YLGUR GH IDURO OX] WUDVHLUD

GLVSHUVRU ODPSD VSDWH OHQV WDLOOLJKW YR\DQW IHX DUULªUH OLFKWVFKHLEH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϔτϕϕωόφτϖωϏϠ ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ WXOLSD SLORWR SRVWHULRU YLGUR GH IDURO OX] WUDVHLUD

116

SDUWH PRQWDUH ODPSD VSDWH GUHDSWD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ODPS ULJKW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW \HOORZ


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DWRU DOED GRWDWH FX EHFXUL FRUHVSXQ]DWRDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQ S\ Z

VWRS IUDQD S Z

PDUVDULHU OXPLQD FHDWD S Z

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW ZKLWH HTXLSSHG ZLWK DSSURSULDWH EXOEV \HOORZ VLJQDO S\ Z

VWRS OLJKW S Z

UHYHUVH IRJ OLJKW S Z

OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DWRU DOED GRWDWH FX EHFXUL FRUHVSXQ]DWRDUH VHPQDOL]DUH JDOEHQ S\ Z

VWRS IUDQD S Z

PDUVDULHU OXPLQD FHDWD S Z

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW ZKLWH HTXLSSHG ZLWK DSSURSULDWH EXOEV \HOORZ VLJQDO S\ Z

VWRS OLJKW S Z

UHYHUVH IRJ OLJKW S Z

OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

GLVSHUVRU ODPSD VSDWH OHQV WDLOOLJKW YR\DQW IHX DUULªUH OLFKWVFKHLEH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH

SDUWH PRQWDUH ODPSD VSDWH VWDQJD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DUH DOED ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ODPS OHIW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW ZKLWH

ϔτϕϕωόφτϖωϏϠ ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ WXOLSD SLORWR SRVWHULRU YLGUR GH IDURO OX] WUDVHLUD

117


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

GLVSHUVRU ODPSD VSDWH

SDUWH PRQWDUH ODPSD VSDWH GUHDSWD FXORDUH VHPQDOL]DUH DOED

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ODPS ULJKW FRORXU RI VLJQDOLQJ SDUW ZKLWH

OHQV WDLOOLJKW YR\DQW IHX DUULªUH OLFKWVFKHLEH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϔτϕϕωόφτϖωϏϠ ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ WXOLSD SLORWR SRVWHULRU YLGUR GH IDURO OX] WUDVHLUD

ODPSD VSDWH

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG DIWHU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW

WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

118

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG DIWHU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW

ODPSD VSDWH WDLOOLJKW IHX DUULªUH VFKOX¡OHXFKWH ϋτψϑόύ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϒχϒϑϠ OX] WUDVHUD OX] WUDVHLUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VSDWH GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ULJKW

GLVSHUVRU OXPLQD VXSOLPHQWDUD OHQV FOHDUDQFH OLJKW YR\DQW IHX G HQFRPEUHPHQW OLFKWVFKHLEH XPUL¡OHXFKWH ϔτϕϕωόφτϖωϏϠ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϘϒϑτϔϠ WXOLSD OX] JDOLER YLGUR GH IDURO OX] GHOLPLWDGRUD GR YH¯FXOR

119


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

SDUWH PRQWDUH ODPSD VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU OHIW

GLVSHUVRU OXPLQD VXSOLPHQWDUD OHQV FOHDUDQFH OLJKW YR\DQW IHX G HQFRPEUHPHQW OLFKWVFKHLEH XPUL¡OHXFKWH ϔτϕϕωόφτϖωϏϠ χτυτϔόϖϑϟύ ϘϒϑτϔϠ WXOLSD OX] JDOLER YLGUR GH IDURO OX] GHOLPLWDGRUD GR YH¯FXOR

120

'$&,$ /2*$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 G&L )OH[


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

RJOLQGD UHWURYL]RDUH LQWHULRDUD LQWHULRU PLUURU U«WURYLVHXU LQW«ULHXU LQQHQVSLHJHO φϑϗϖϔωϑϑωω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU LQWHULRU UHWURYLVRU LQWHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

121


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD VWDQJD GUHDSWD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU OHIW ULJKW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

RJOLQGD VWLFOD PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD VWDQJD GUHDSWD

FDUFDVD SODVWLF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU OHIW ULJKW

ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

122

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD UHJODM PHFDQLF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW PHFKDQLFDO DGMXVWPDQHW


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD UHJODM PHFDQLF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW PHFKDQLFDO DGMXVWPDQHW

RXWVLGH PLUURU UยซWURYLVHXU H[WยซULHXU DXยกHQVSLHJHO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU UยซWURYLVHXU H[WยซULHXU DXยกHQVSLHJHO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

123


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD VWDQJD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU OHIW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

124


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD GUHDSWD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU ULJKW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

EDODPD FDSRWD PRWRU KLQJH ERQQHW FKDUQLªUH FDSRW PRWHXU VFKDUQLHU PRWRUKDXEH Ϝτϔϑόϔ ώτϓϒϖ ELVDJUD FDSµ GHO PRWRU GREUDGL©D FDSRW GR PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDSRWD IDWD VWDQJD PDWHULDO RWHO RO

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ERQQHW KRRG ULJKW PDWHULDO VWHHO RO

125


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

EDODPD FDSRWD PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDSRWD IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO RWHO RO

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ERQQHW KRRG OHIW PDWHULDO VWHHO RO

KLQJH ERQQHW FKDUQLªUH FDSRW PRWHXU VFKDUQLHU PRWRUKDXEH Ϝτϔϑόϔ ώτϓϒϖ ELVDJUD FDSµ GHO PRWRU GREUDGL©D FDSRW GR PRWRU

EDQGRX SURWHFWLH SRUWLHUD WULP SURWHFWLRQ VWULS GRRU EDJXHWWH HW EDQGH SURWHFWULFH SRUWH ]LHU VFKXW]OHLVWH W¾U ϒυϏόϚϒφώτ ϋτϝόϖϑτϣ ϑτώϏτψώτ ψφωϔϠ OLVWµQ HPEHOOHFHGRU SURWHFWRU SXHUWD IULVR SRUWD

126

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD H[WHULRU IDWD VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV GLPHQVLXQL FP[ [P IDWD [ FP VSDWH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ GRRU RXWHU SDUW IURQW UHDU OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG VL]HV FP[ [P IURQW [ FP UHDU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH IDWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ERG\ IURQW

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

GLX]D VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDVKHU IOXLG MHW ZLQGVFUHHQ JLFOHXU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUG¾VH VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔτϕϓϟϏόϖωϏϠ φϒψϟ ψϏϣ ϛόϕϖώό ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ WREHUD GH DJXD UHJDGRUD ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV HMHFWRU GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

EUDW VWHUJDWRU SDUEUL] ZLSHU DUP ZLQGVFUHHQ ZDVKHU EUDV G HVVXLH JODFH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZLVFKDUP VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϕϖωώϏϒϒϛόϕϖόϖωϏϣ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ EUD]R GHO OLPSLDSDUDEULVDV ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV EUD©R GH OLPSD YLGURV OLPSH]D GH YLGURV

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD WLS FDUOLJ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ULJKW KRRN W\SH

127


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

EUDW VWHUJDWRU SDUEUL]

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD WLS FDUOLJ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW KRRN W\SH

ZLSHU DUP ZLQGVFUHHQ ZDVKHU EUDV G HVVXLH JODFH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZLVFKDUP VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϕϖωώϏϒϒϛόϕϖόϖωϏϣ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ EUD]R GHO OLPSLDSDUDEULVDV ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV EUD©R GH OLPSD YLGURV OLPSH]D GH YLGURV

VHW PRQWDM XVD PRXQWLQJ NLW GRRU NLW G DVVHPEODJH SRUWH PRQWDJHVDW] W¾U ϐϒϑϖτϊϑϟύ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ψφωϔϠ NLW GH PRQWDMH SXHUWD NLW GH PRQWDJHP SRUWD

128


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

PDWHULDO SODVWLF DEV PDWHULDO DEV SODVWLF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

PDQHU GHVFKLGHUH FDSRWD PRWRU KDQGOH ERQQHW UHOHDVH SRLJQ«H G«YHUURXLOODJH GX FDSRW JULII PRWRUKDXEHQHQWUL HJHOXQJ ϔϗϛώτ ϒϖώϔϟφτϑόϣ ϐϒϖϒϔϑϒχϒ ϒϖϕωώτ DVD GHVEORTXHR FDSµ PDQ¯SXOR DEHUWXUD GR FDSRW

FDEOX FDSRWD PRWRU ERQQHW FDEOH WLUHWWH GH FDSRW PRWHXU PRWRUKDXEHQ]XJ ϖϔϒϕόώ ϋτϐώτ ώτϓϒϖτ FDEOH GHO FDSµ GHO PRWRU FDER GR FDSRW GR PRWRU

129


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

PHFDQLVP DFWLRQDUH JHDP ZLQGRZ ZLQGHU OªYH YLWUH IHQVWHUKHEHU ϓϒψϞωϐϑϒω ϗϕϖϔϒύϕϖφϒ ψϏϣ ϒώϒϑ HOHYDOXQDV

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD GUHDSWD PRWRU FX UHGXFWRU GH WXUDWLH DOLPHQWDW OD Y FRQHFWRU DOLPHQWDUH PRWRU VLVWHPXO GH SULQGHUH HVWH GLVSXV LQ IRUPD GH WULXQJKL FDEOX DFWLRQDUH GLQ RWHO PDWHULDOH RWHO JDOYDQL]DW SODVWLF GXU WHUPRULJLG

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW GRRU ULJKW JHDUHG PRWRU SRZHUHG IURP Y PRWRU SRZHU FRQQHFWRU FODPSLQJ V\VWHP LV ZLOOLQJ WR IRUP D WULDQJOH VWHHO FDEOH GULYH PDWHULDOV JDOYDQL]HG VWHHO KDUG SODVWLF WKHUPRVHW

HOHYDGRU GH YLGUR

PHFDQLVP DFWLRQDUH JHDP ZLQGRZ ZLQGHU OªYH YLWUH IHQVWHUKHEHU ϓϒψϞωϐϑϒω ϗϕϖϔϒύϕϖφϒ ψϏϣ ϒώϒϑ HOHYDOXQDV HOHYDGRU GH YLGUR

130

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VWDQJD PRWRU FX UHGXFWRU GH WXUDWLH DOLPHQWDW OD Y FRQHFWRU DOLPHQWDUH PRWRU VLVWHPXO GH SULQGHUH HVWH GLVSXV LQ IRUPD GH WULXQJKL FDEOX DFWLRQDUH GLQ RWHO PDWHULDOH RWHO JDOYDQL]DW SODVWLF GXU WHUPRULJLG

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW GRRU OHIW JHDUHG PRWRU SRZHUHG IURP Y PRWRU SRZHU FRQQHFWRU FODPSLQJ V\VWHP LV ZLOOLQJ WR IRUP D WULDQJOH VWHHO FDEOH GULYH PDWHULDOV JDOYDQL]HG VWHHO KDUG SODVWLF WKHUPRVHW


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

FODSHWD XVD GRRU KDQGOH

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH H[WHULRU GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU H[WHULRU IURQW UHDU ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

SRLJQ«H GH SRUWH W¾UJULII ϔϗϛώτ ψφωϔό PDQHFLOOD GH SXHUWD SHJD GH SRUWD

FODSHWD XVD GRRU KDQGOH SRLJQ«H GH SRUWH W¾UJULII ϔϗϛώτ ψφωϔό PDQHFLOOD GH SXHUWD SHJD GH SRUWD

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH H[WHULRU VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU H[WHULRU IURQW UHDU OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

131


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

PDQHU XVD HFKLSDUH LQWHULRDUD GRRU KDQGOH LQWHULRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH LQWHULRU GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU LQWHULRU IURQW UHDU ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

SRLJQHW GH SRUWH «TXLSPHQW LQW«ULHXU W¾UJULII LQQHQDXVVWDWWXQJ ϔϗϛώτ ψφωϔό φϑϗϖϔωϑϑωω ϒϕϑτϝωϑόω PDQHFLOOD GH SXHUWD HTXLSDPLHQWR KDELW£FXOR SHJD GD SRUWD HTXLSDPHQWR LQWHULRU

PDQHU XVD HFKLSDUH LQWHULRDUD GRRU KDQGOH LQWHULRU SRLJQHW GH SRUWH «TXLSPHQW LQW«ULHXU W¾UJULII LQQHQDXVVWDWWXQJ ϔϗϛώτ ψφωϔό φϑϗϖϔωϑϑωω ϒϕϑτϝωϑόω PDQHFLOOD GH SXHUWD HTXLSDPLHQWR KDELW£FXOR SHJD GD SRUWD HTXLSDPHQWR LQWHULRU

132

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH LQWHULRU VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU LQWHULRU IURQW UHDU OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH KDELWDFOX VHW IL[DUH XVLWD FRPSDUWLPHQW GHSR]LWDUH

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQWHURU IL[DUH XVD GRRU FDWFK FDOH SRUWH W¾UIHVWVWHOOHU Ϙόώϕτϖϒϔ ψφωϔό DVHJXUDGRU SXHUWD EORTXHDGRU GD SRUWD

FXWLH FX VLJXUDQWH IXVH ER[ ER°WH ¢ IXVLEOHV VLFKHUXQJVNDVWHQ ώϒϔϒυώτ ϓϔωψϒϙϔτϑόϖωϏωύ FDMD GH IXVLEOHV FDL[D GH IXV¯YHLV

133


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

FDSDF FXWLH FX VLJXUDQWH FDS IXVH ER[ ERQQHWWH ER°WH ¢ IXVLEOHV NDSSH VLFKHUXQJVNDVWHQ ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ώϒϔϒυώτ ϓϔωψϒϙϔτϑόϖωϏωύ WDSD FDMD GH IXVLEOHV WDPSD FDL[D GH IXV¯YHLV

FDSDF UH]HUYRU OLFKLG GH VSDODUH SDUEUL] FDS ZDVKHU IOXLG WDQN ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH YHUVFKOX¡ ZDVFKZDVVHUEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ψϏϣ φϒψϟ WDSD GHSµVLWR GHO DJXD GH ODYDGR WDPSD GHSµVLWR GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

134


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

DQWHQD

OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG GLDPHWHU P [

DQWHQQD DQWHQQH DQWHQQH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ DQWHQD DQWHQD

VRFOX DQWHQD DQWHQQD KHDG WยฌWH G DQWHQQH DQWHQQHQNRSI ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FDEH]D GH DQWHQD FDEHยฉD GH DQWHQD

UHJODELO ส ยน ส

ILOHW P [ DGMXVWDEOH ส ยน ส

WKUHDG P [

135


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

DSDUDWRUL QRURL PXGIODSV JDUGH ERXH VFKPXW]I¦QJHU υϔϟϋχϒφόώ

VHW EXF IDWD VSDWH RIHUD SURWHFWLH SHQWUX QRURL SLHWULFHOH PDULQG DVWIHO VLJXUDQWD LQ FLUFXODWLH SDVWUHD]D PDVLQD FXUDWD SHQWUX PDL PXOW WLPS UH]LVWHQWD PDUH OD X]XUD PRQWDUH XVRDUD VHW RI SFV IURQW UHDU SURYLGHV SURWHFWLRQ IRU GLUW JUDYHO WKHUHE\ L LQFUHDVLQJ WUDIILF VDIHW\ NHHS WKH FDU FOHDQ IRU ORQJHU WLPH KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR ZHDU HDV\ LQVWDOODWLRQ

IDOGLOOD JXDUGDEDUUR SDODV GH JXDUGD ODPDV

EDUH SRUWEDJDM URRI UDFN ORDG EDUV

PDWHULDO RWHO FX VHFWLXQH GUHSWXQJKLXODUD VDUFLQD PD[LPD NJ NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV PDWHULDO VWHHO UHFWDQJXODU VHFWLRQ PD[LPXP ORDG NJ PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG

EDUUH GH SRUWH EDJDJHV GDFKWU¦JHUVWDQJH Ϝϖτϑχτ ώϔϒϑϜϖωύϑτ ώϔϟϜό

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L '$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

EDUUD GH SRUWDHTXLSDMHV GH WHFKR EDUUD GH VXSRUWH GH WHMDGLOKR

EDUH SRUWEDJDM URRI UDFN ORDG EDUV EDUUH GH SRUWH EDJDJHV GDFKWU¦JHUVWDQJH Ϝϖτϑχτ ώϔϒϑϜϖωύϑτ ώϔϟϜό EDUUD GH SRUWDHTXLSDMHV GH WHFKR EDUUD GH VXSRUWH GH WHMDGLOKR

136

PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX VDUFLQD PD[LPD NJ NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP PD[LPXP ORDG NJ PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[


CAROSERIE CAROSERIE •• BODY BODY PARTS PARTS

FOLS FOLS

VHW EXF PHQWLQHUH FDUHQDM DULSD LQWHULRDUD

PDWHULDO SODVWLF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

VHW SFV IRU IDVWHQLQJ WKH PXGJXDUG PDWHULDO SODVWLF

FOLS FOLS ϓϔϗϊόϑϑϟύ ϋτϊόϐ JUDSD FOLS

DULSD LQWHULRDUD PXGJXDUG SDVVDJH GH URXH UDGKDXV ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ SDVDUUXHGD FDYD GD URGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG DIWHU \HDU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

137


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

DULSD LQWHULRDUD PXGJXDUG

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG DIWHU \HDU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

SDVVDJH GH URXH UDGKDXV ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ SDVDUUXHGD FDYD GD URGD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VSDWH GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

DULSD LQWHULRDUD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

PXGJXDUG SDVVDJH GH URXH UDGKDXV ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ SDVDUUXHGD FDYD GD URGD

138


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH VSDWH VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

DULSD LQWHULRDUD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

PXGJXDUG SDVVDJH GH URXH UDGKDXV ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ SDVDUUXHGD FDYD GD URGD

SDQRX SDVDM URDWD SDQHOOLQJ PXGJXDUG JDUQLWXUH SDVVDJH GH URXH YHUNOHLGXQJ UDGKDXV ϒυϜόφώτ ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR SDVDUUXHGDV FREHUWXUD FDYD GD URGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG DIWHU \HDU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

139


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDQRX SDVDM URDWD SDQHOOLQJ PXGJXDUG

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG DIWHU \HDU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

JDUQLWXUH SDVVDJH GH URXH YHUNOHLGXQJ UDGKDXV ϒυϜόφώτ ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR SDVDUUXHGDV FREHUWXUD FDYD GD URGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH LQDLQWH GH DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

SDQRX SDVDM URDWD

IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG EHIRUH \HDU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

SDQHOOLQJ PXGJXDUG JDUQLWXUH SDVVDJH GH URXH YHUNOHLGXQJ UDGKDXV ϒυϜόφώτ ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR SDVDUUXHGDV FREHUWXUD FDYD GD URGD

140


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH LQDLQWH GH DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

SDQRX SDVDM URDWD

IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG EHIRUH \HDU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

SDQHOOLQJ PXGJXDUG JDUQLWXUH SDVVDJH GH URXH

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

YHUNOHLGXQJ UDGKDXV ϒυϜόφώτ ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR SDVDUUXHGDV FREHUWXUD FDYD GD URGD

MDQWD ULP MDQWH IHOJH ψόϕώ OODQWD MDQWH

GLDPHWUXO MDQWHL ૻ ODWLPHD MDQWHL M HW PP JDXUL SULQGHUH [ [ PP PDWHULDOH RO D D GLDPHWHU ZLGWK M HW RIIVHW PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV [ [ PP PDWHULDO RO D D

141


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

MDQWD ULP MDQWH IHOJH

GLDPHWUXO MDQWHL ૻ ODWLPHD MDQWHL M HW PP JDXUL SULQGHUH [ [ PP PDWHULDOH RO D D

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

GLDPHWHU ZLGWK M HW RIIVHW PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV [ [ PP PDWHULDO RO D D

ψόϕώ OODQWD MDQWH

JULOD YHQWLODWLH EDUD SURWHFWLH YHQWLODWLRQ JULOOH EXPSHU JULOOH GH YHQWLODWLRQ SDUH FKRFV O¾IWXQJVJLWWHU VWR¡I¦QJHU ϔωϜωϖώτ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔτ υϗϘωϔ UHMLOOD GH YHQWLODFLµQ SDUDFKRTXHV JUHOKD GH YHQWLODGRU S£UD FKRTXHV

142

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH EDUD IDWD GUHDSWD IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG EHIRUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU ULJKW


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH DIWHU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

JULOD YHQWLODWLH EDUD SURWHFWLH YHQWLODWLRQ JULOOH EXPSHU JULOOH GH YHQWLODWLRQ SDUH FKRFV OยพIWXQJVJLWWHU VWRยกIยฆQJHU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯฃฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ UHMLOOD GH YHQWLODFLยตQ SDUDFKRTXHV JUHOKD GH YHQWLODGRU SยฃUD FKRTXHV

JULOD YHQWLODWLH EDUD SURWHFWLH YHQWLODWLRQ JULOOH EXPSHU JULOOH GH YHQWLODWLRQ SDUH FKRFV

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH SDUWH PRQWDUH EDUD IDWD VWDQJD IRU YHKLFOH SURGXFHG EHIRUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU OHIW

OยพIWXQJVJLWWHU VWRยกIยฆQJHU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯฃฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ UHMLOOD GH YHQWLODFLยตQ SDUDFKRTXHV JUHOKD GH YHQWLODGRU SยฃUD FKRTXHV

143


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU ULJKW DFRSHULUH SURLHFWRU FHDWD FRYHU IRJ OLJKW ERQQHWWH SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG NDSSH QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ WDSD IDUR DQWLQLHEOD WDPSD IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU OHIW

DFRSHULUH SURLHFWRU FHDWD FRYHU IRJ OLJKW ERQQHWWH SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG NDSSH QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ WDSD IDUR DQWLQLHEOD WDPSD IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH VSDWH VWDQJD PDWHULDO UH]LVWHQW OD LPSDFW VL FRUR]LXQH

VXSRUW ODPSD VSDWH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ERG\ ULJKW PDWHULDO VWHHO ZLWK VXSHULRU UHVLVWDQFH WR LPSDFW DQG FRUURVLRQ

EXOE KROGHU FRPELQDWLRQ UHDUOLJKW VXSSRUW GH ODPSH IHX DUULªUH ODPSHQWU¦JHU KHFNOHXFKWH ψωϔϊτϖωϏϠ Ϗτϐϓϟ ϡτψϑόύ ϘϒϑτϔϠ VRSRUWH GH O£PSDUD SLORWR SRVWHULRU VXSRUWD GD O¤PSDGD OX] WUDVHLUD

144


CAROSERIE CAROSERIE •• BODY BODY PARTS PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH VSDWH GUHDSWD PDWHULDO UH]LVWHQW OD LPSDFW VL FRUR]LXQH

VXSRUW ODPSD VSDWH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU ERG\ OHIW PDWHULDO VWHHO ZLWK VXSHULRU UHVLVWDQFH WR LPSDFW DQG FRUURVLRQ

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

EXOE KROGHU FRPELQDWLRQ UHDUOLJKW VXSSRUW GH ODPSH IHX DUULªUH ODPSHQWU¦JHU KHFNOHXFKWH ψωϔϊτϖωϏϠ Ϗτϐϓϟ ϡτψϑόύ ϘϒϑτϔϠ VRSRUWH GH O£PSDUD SLORWR SRVWHULRU VXSRUWD GD O¤PSDGD OX] WUDVHLUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU ULJKW

UDPD SURLHFWRU FHDWD IUDPH IRJ OLJKW FDGUH SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG UDKPHQ QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϔτϐτ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ FDUFDVD IDUR DQWLQLHEOD UHERUGR IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

145


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU OHIW UDPD SURLHFWRU FHDWD IUDPH IRJ OLJKW FDGUH SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG UDKPHQ QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϔτϐτ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ FDUFDVD IDUR DQWLQLHEOD UHERUGR IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

FDGUX PRWRU HQJLQH IUDPH SORW GH EHUFHDX KLOIVUDKPHQ φϕϓϒϐϒχτϖωϏϠϑτϣ ϔτϐτ EDVWLGRU DX[LOLDU VXEFKDVVLV JUXSR GH VXSRUWH

146


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS '$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

VFXW PRWRU VNLG SODWH SURWHFWLRQ PRWHXU DQWL H QFDVWUHPHQW PRWRU XQWHUIDKUVFKXW] ϋτϝόϖτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ ϓϒψψϒϑτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ SURWHFFLµQ PRWRU HPSRWUDPLHQWR SURWHF©¥R GR PRWRU LQIHULRU

DULSD

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD FX ORFDV SHQWUX VHPQDOL]DWRU

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW ZLWK VSDFH IRU VLJQDOLQJ ODPS

ZLQJ DLOH NRWIO¾JHO ώϔϟϏϒ JXDUGDEDUURV JXDUGD ODPDV

DULSD ZLQJ DLOH NRWIO¾JHO ώϔϟϏϒ JXDUGDEDUURV JXDUGD ODPDV

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD FX ORFDV SHQWUX VHPQDOL]DWRU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ULJKW ZLWK VSDFH IRU VLJQDOLQJ ODPS

147


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

DUPDWXUD EDUD EXPSHU

SDUWH PRQWDUH EDUD IDWD PDWHULDO RWHO UH]LVWHQWD VXSHULRDUD OD LPSDFW VL FRUR]LXQH

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU PDWHULDO VWHHO ZLWK VXSHULRU UHVLVWDQFH WR LPSDFW DQG FRUURVLRQ

SDUH FKRFV VWRยกIยฆQJHU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SDUDFKRTXHV SยฃUD FKRTXHV

DUPDWXUD EDUD EXPSHU

SDUWH PRQWDUH EDUD VSDWH PDWHULDO RWHO UH]LVWHQWD VXSHULRDUD OD LPSDFW VL FRUR]LXQH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU EXPSHU PDWHULDO VWHHO ZLWK VXSHULRU UHVLVWDQFH WR LPSDFW DQG FRUURVLRQ

SDUH FKRFV VWRยกIยฆQJHU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SDUDFKRTXHV SยฃUD FKRTXHV

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG EHIRUH

PDVFD IDWD IURQW FRZOLQJ UHYยฌWHPHQW DYDQW IURQWYHUNOHLGXQJ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ UHYHVWLPLHQWR IURQWDO UHYHVWLPHQWR GLDQWHLUR

148


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG EHIRUH

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

WUDYHUVD UDGLDWRU FURVV UDLO UDGLDWRU WUDYHUVH UDGLDWHXU TXHUWU¦JHU N¾KOHU ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑτϣ υτϏώτ ϔτψότϖϒϔ WUDYHVD³R UDGLDGRU WUDYHVVD UDGLDGRU

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH SDQD LQ DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG EHIRUH

HOHPHQW LQFKLGHUH PDVFD IDWD IURQW FRZOLQJ UHY¬WHPHQW DYDQW IURQWYHUNOHLGXQJ ϒυϏόϚϒφώτ ϓωϔωψώτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR IURQWDO UHYHVWLPHQWR GLDQWHLUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH VSDWH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU

DUPDWXUD EDUD EXPSHU SDUH FKRFV VWR¡I¦QJHU υϗϘωϔ SDUDFKRTXHV S£UD FKRTXHV

149


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW

5 5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

5 5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

5 5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

HOHPHQW LQFKLGHUH ORQMHURQ IUDPH VLGH UDLO ORQJHURQ O¦QJVWU¦JHU Ϗϒϑϊωϔϒϑ ODUJXHUR ORQJDULQD

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW

HOHPHQW LQFKLGHUH ORQMHURQ IUDPH VLGH UDLO ORQJHURQ O¦QJVWU¦JHU Ϗϒϑϊωϔϒϑ ODUJXHUR ORQJDULQD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW

SDUWH IDWD ORQMHURQ IUDPH VLGH UDLO ORQJHURQ O¦QJVWU¦JHU Ϗϒϑϊωϔϒϑ ODUJXHUR ORQJDULQD

150


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

SDUWH IDWD ORQMHURQ IUDPH VLGH UDLO ORQJHURQ O¦QJVWU¦JHU Ϗϒϑϊωϔϒϑ ODUJXHUR ORQJDULQD

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH IDWD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ERG\ ULJKW

GXEOXUD VWDOS XVD URRI SLOODU PRQWDQW GH WRLW GDFKV¦XOH ώτϔώτϕ ώϔϟϜό FROXPQD GH WHFKR SLODU GH WHMDGLOKR

151


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH IDWD VWDQJD

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ERG\ OHIW GXEOXUD VWDOS XVD URRI SLOODU PRQWDQW GH WRLW GDFKV¦XOH ώτϔώτϕ ώϔϟϜό FROXPQD GH WHFKR SLODU GH WHMDGLOKR

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW

LQWDULWXUD VWDOS XVD UHLQIRUFHPHQW URRI SLOODU WUDYHUVH PRQWDQW GH WRLW YHUVW¦UNXQJ GDFKV¦XOH ϗώϔωϓϏωϑόω ώτϔώτϕ ώϔϟϜό UHIXHU]R FROXPQD GH WHFKR UHIRU©R SLODU GH WHMDGLOKR

152


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ULJKW

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

LQWDULWXUD VWDOS XVD UHLQIRUFHPHQW URRI SLOODU WUDYHUVH PRQWDQW GH WRLW YHUVW¦UNXQJ GDFKV¦XOH ϗώϔωϓϏωϑόω ώτϔώτϕ ώϔϟϜό UHIXHU]R FROXPQD GH WHFKR UHIRU©R SLODU GH WHMDGLOKR

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW

GXEOXUD SUDJ VLOO WULP UHY¬WHPHQW GH EDV GH PDUFKH VFKZHOOHUYHUNOHLGXQJ ϒυϜόφώτ ϓϒϔϒχτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR GH DSR\DSLH UHYHVWLPHQWR GH GHJUDX

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW

GXEOXUD SUDJ VLOO WULP UHY¬WHPHQW GH EDV GH PDUFKH VFKZHOOHUYHUNOHLGXQJ ϒυϜόφώτ ϓϒϔϒχτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR GH DSR\DSLH UHYHVWLPHQWR GH GHJUDX

153


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

5

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[

VWDOS XVD URRI SLOODU PRQWDQW GH WRLW GDFKVยฆXOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FROXPQD GH WHFKR SLODU GH WHMDGLOKR

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ULJKW

VWDOS XVD URRI SLOODU PRQWDQW GH WRLW GDFKVยฆXOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FROXPQD GH WHFKR SLODU GH WHMDGLOKR

FDUOLJ UHPRUFDUH WRZKRRN FURFKHW GH UHPRUTXDJH DEVFKOHSSKDNHQ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯขฯ JDQFKR GH DUUDVWUH JDQFKR GH UHERTXH

154

NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV GLDPHWUXO URWXOHL GH FXSODUH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD EUDWXOXL URWXOHL PP PDWHULDOH ROF JUHXWDWH PD[ WUDFWDWD NJ JUHXWDWH PD[ DXWRUL]DWD YHKLFXO NJ JUHXWDWH PD[ GLVSR]LWLY NJ VDUFLQD YHUWLFDOD V NJ FDUDFWHULVWLFD G NQ WLSXO DSUREDULL HF WLPS PRQWDUH RUD PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG FRXSOLQJ NQHHFDS GLDPHWHU ยบ PP NQHHFDS DUP OHQJWK PP PDWHULDOV ROF PD[LPXP WRZHG ZHLJKW NJ DXWKRUL]HG PD[LPXP YHKLFOH ZHLJKW NJ GHYLFH PD[LPXP ZHLJKW NJ V YHUWLFDO ORDG NJ IHDWXUH G NQ W\SH DSSURYDO HF LQVWDOODWLRQ WLPH KU


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

FDUOLJ UHPRUFDUH WRZKRRN FURFKHW GH UHPRUTXDJH DEVFKOHSSKDNHQ υϗώϕόϔϑϟύ ώϔϢώ JDQFKR GH DUUDVWUH JDQFKR GH UHERTXH

NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV GLDPHWUXO URWXOHL GH FXSODUH º PP OXQJLPHD EUDWXOXL URWXOHL PP PDWHULDOH ROF JUHXWDWH PD[ WUDFWDWD NJ JUHXWDWH PD[ DXWRUL]DWD YHKLFXO NJ JUHXWDWH PD[ GLVSR]LWLY NJ VDUFLQD YHUWLFDOD V NJ FDUDFWHULVWLFD G NQ WLSXO DSUREDULL HF WLPS PRQWDUH RUD

SRODULWDWH SROL FX VWHFKHU PRQWDW OXQJLPH FDEOX PP SHQWUX GLVSR]LWLY UHPRUFDUH

FDEOX GH FRQHFWDUH VLVW GH VWDELOL]DUH UHPRUFD

SRODULW\ SROHV ZLWK SOXJ ILWWHG HQJWK PP IRU WUDLOHU FRXSOLQJ GHYLFH

F¤EOH GH FRQQH[LRQ V\VWªPH VWDELOLVDWHXU GH OD UHPRUTXH DQVFKOX¡NDEHO DQK¦QJH UVWDELOLVLHUXQJVV\VWHP ϕϒωψόϑόϖωϏϠϑϟύ ώτυωϏϠ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϚόό ϓϒψφωϕώό FDEOH FRQH[LµQ VLVWHPD HVWDELOL]DFLµQ UHPROTXH FDER GH OLJD©¥R VLVWHPD GH HVWDELOL]D©¥R GR UHERTXH

'$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

'$&,$ /2*$1 9 03, /3* G&L 9 %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 0&9 G&L 9 9 )OH[LIXHO %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 SLFN XS G&L %LIXHO 03, '$&,$ /2*$1 9$1 G&L %LIXHO 03, 0$+,1'5$ 5 /2*$1 ' &1* 0$+,1'5$ 5 9(5,72 ' 1,66$1 $35,2 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 /2*$1 0&9 G&L 5(1$8/7 721'$5 +L )OH[ G&L )OH[ 5(1$8/7 721'$5 0&9 G&L

PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG FRXSOLQJ NQHHFDS GLDPHWHU º PP NQHHFDS DUP OHQJWK PP PDWHULDOV ROF PD[LPXP WRZHG ZHLJKW NJ DXWKRUL]HG PD[LPXP YHKLFOH ZHLJKW NJ GHYLFH PD[LPXP ZHLJKW NJ V YHUWLFDO ORDG NJ IHDWXUH G NQ W\SH DSSURYDO HF LQVWDOODWLRQ WLPH KU

FRQQHFWLQJ FDEOH WUDLOHU VWDELOLVLQJ V\VWHP

155



DACIA Renault


Variants DACIA SANDERO 1.2 16V DACIA SANDERO 1.2 16V Bifuel DACIA SANDERO 1.4 DACIA SANDERO 1.4 MPI LPG DACIA SANDERO 1.5 dCi DACIA SANDERO 1.5 dCi DACIA SANDERO 1.5 dCi DACIA SANDERO 1.5 dCi DACIA SANDERO 1.6 DACIA SANDERO 1.6 MPI 85 RENAULT SANDERO 1.0 Hi-Flex RENAULT SANDERO 1.4 RENAULT SANDERO 1.5 dCi RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 Hi-Flex RENAULT SANDERO 1.6 Hi-Flex

Year 2008.11 >> 2008.11 >> 2008.06 >> 2009.01 >> 2008.11 >> 2010.05 >> 2008.11 >> 2010.05 >> 2008.06 >> 2010.05 >> 2007.11 >> 2009.02 >> 2008.02 >> 2010.11 >> 2009.02 >> 2009.05 >> 2007.12 >> 2007.12 >> 2008.02 >> 2007.11 >> 2007.11 >>

kW 55 55 55 53 50 55 63 65 64 62 57 55 47 62 64 66 75 76 80 68 79

CP 75 75 75 72 68 75 86 88 87 84 78 75 64 84 87 90 102 103 109 92 107

cm続 1149 1149 1390 1390 1461 1461 1461 1461 1598 1598 999 1390 1461 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598 1598


DIRECTIE • STEERING

EUDW VXVSHQVLH URDWD WUDFN FRQWURO DUP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD JURVLPH WDEOD PP HFKLSDW [ [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW VWHHO WKLFNHQHVV PP HTXLSSHG [ [

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

6 6

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EUDV GH OLDLVRQ VXVSHQVLRQ GH URXH OHQNHU UDGDXIK¦QJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ώϒϏωϕτ EDUUD RVFLODQWH VXVSHQVLµQ GH UXHGDV EUD©R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R GD URGD

EUDW VXVSHQVLH URDWD WUDFN FRQWURO DUP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD JURVLPH WDEOD PP HFKLSDW [ [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW VWHHO WKLFNHQHVV PP HTXLSSHG [ [

EUDV GH OLDLVRQ VXVSHQVLRQ GH URXH OHQNHU UDGDXIK¦QJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ώϒϏωϕτ EDUUD RVFLODQWH VXVSHQVLµQ GH UXHGDV EUD©R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R GD URGD

SLYRW EUDW VXVSHQVLH EDOO MRLQW URWXOH GH VXVSHQVLRQ WUDJ I¾KUXQJVJHOHQN ϑωϕϗϝόύ ϑτϓϔτφϏϣϢϝόύ Ϝτϔϑόϔ

SDUWH PRQWDUH EUDW VXVSHQVLH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLPHQVLXQH FRQXV º PP PDWHULDO EROW VIHULF FU GXULWDWH EROW VIHULF ¹ KUF XQJKL EDVFXODUH PLQ ʜ FRPSRQHQWD EUDW VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH FRQWURO DUP OHIW ULJKW FRQXV VL]H º PP FRQXV PDWHULDO FU FRQXV KDUGQHVV KUF ¹ DQJOH GHFOLQDWLRQ PLQ FRPSRQHQW RI FRQWURO DUP

UµWXOD GH VXVSHQVLµQ FDUJD DUWLFXOD©¥R GH VXVSHQV¥R JXLD

159


DIRECTIE • STEERING

EXFVD EUDW VXVSHQVLH FRQWURO DUP WUDLOLQJ DUP EXVK

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD EUDW VXVSHQVLH EXF

FRPSRQHQWD EUDW VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH FRQWURO DUP SFV OHIW ULJKW FRPSRQHQW RI FRQWURO DUP

VXVSHQVLRQ EUDV GH OLDLVRQ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ODJHUXQJ OHQNHU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ϔϟϛτχ ϑωϋτφόϕόϐϒύ ϓϒψφωϕώό ώϒϏωϕτ VXVSHQVLµQ EUD]R RVFLODQWH VXVSHQV¥R EUD©R RVFLODQWH

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK PDQXDO VWHHULQJ

FDVHWD GLUHFWLH VWHHULQJ JHDU FU«PDLOOLªUH GH GLUHFWLRQ OHQNJHWULHEH ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϐωϙτϑόϋϐ HQJUDQDMH GH GLUHFFLµQ FDL[D GD GLUHF©¥R

DUWLFXODWLH D[LDOD FDS GH EDUD WLH URG D[OH MRLQW URWXOH GH GLUHFWLRQ LQW«ULHXUH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ D[LDOJHOHQN VSXUVWDQJH ϒϕωφϒύ Ϝτϔϑόϔ ϔϗϏωφτϣ ϖϣχτ DUWLFXODFLµQ D[LDO EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR DUWLFXOD©¥R D[LDO EDUUD GH DFRSODPHQWR

160

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD OXQJLPH PP ILOHW LPELQDUH SLSD ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW LPELQDUH FDVHWD GLUHFWLH P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK PP WKUHDG WLH URG HQG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG VWHHULQJ ER[ VLGH P [ P GHEDWH DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ


DIRECTIE • STEERING

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ SHQWUX WHPSHUDWXUL VFD]XWH SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ IRU ORZ WHPSHUDWXUHV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ

161


DIRECTIE DIRECTIE •• STEERING STEERING

FDS GH EDUD WLH URG HQG URWXOH GH EDUUH GH FRQQH[LRQ VSXUVWDQJHQNRSI ϑτώϒϑωϛϑόώ ϓϒϓωϔωϛϑϒύ ϔϗϏωφϒύ ϖϣχό UµWXOD EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR UµWXOD GD EDUUD GH GLUHF©¥R

FKLW UHSDUDWLH ELHOHWD DQWLUXOLX DQWL UROO EDU VWDELOLVHU NLW NLW GH U«SDUDWLRQ EDUUH GH FRXSODJH VWDELOLVDWULFH UHSDUDWXUVDW] VWDELOLVDWRUNRSSHOVWDQJH ϔωϐώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϒωψόϑόϖωϏϠϑτϣ ϖϣχτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒϔτ MXHJR GH UHSDUDFLµQ EDUUD GH DFRSODPLHQWR GHO HVWDELOL]DGRU NLW GH UHSDUD©¥R WLUDQWH GD EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

162

SHQWUX WHPSHUDWXUL VFD]XWH SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD ILOHW LPELQDUH FRUS ELHOHWD P [ PP ILOHW EROW VIHULF P [ PP XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH ORQJLWXGLQDO PLQLP r XQJKLXO GH GH]EDWHUH WUDQVYHUVDO PLQLP r IRUWD GH H[WUDFWLH VPXOJHUH EROW VIHULF IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD DVDPEODUH HOHPHQW GH OHJDWXUD IPLQ GDQ UH]LVWHQWD LQFKLGHUH FRUS URWXOD I PLQ GDQ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

IRU ORZ WHPSHUDWXUHV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WKUHDG D[LDO URG VLGH P [ PP WKUHDG FRQXV P [ PP GHEDWH ORQJLWXGLQDO DQJOH r PLQLPXP GHEDWH WUDQVYHUVH DQJOH r PLQLPXP H[WUDFWLRQ IRUFH SXOOLQJ FRQXV IPLQ GDQ FRQWDFW UHVLVWDQFH HOHPHQW DVVHPEO\ IPLQ GDQ FORVLQJ ERG\ UHVLVWDQFH IPLQ GDQ SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILOHW H[WHULRU P [ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW RXWWHU WKUHDG P [


DIRECTIE • STEERING

VXSRUW EDUD VWDELOL]DWRDUH

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO RO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULO RO

EUDFNHW VWDELOL]HU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW VXVSHQVLRQ GX VWDELOLVDWHXU KDOWHU VWDELOLVDWRUODJHUXQJ ώϔϒϑϜϖωύϑ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒ VRSRUWH VRSRUWH GHO HVWDELOL]DGRU VXSRUWH DSRLR GD EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW

EXFVD EDUD VWDELOL]DWRDUH DQWL UROO EDU EXVK VXVSHQVLRQ VWDELOLVDWHXU ODJHUXQJ VWDELOLVDWRU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒϔ VRSRUWH HVWDELOL]DGRU DSRLR EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD JURVLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP

EXFVD SXQWH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW WKLFNQHVV PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP

EUDFNHW D[OH ERG\ VXSSRUW GH SDOLHU FRUSV GH O HVVLHX ODJHUERFN DFKVN¸USHU Ϝτϔϑόϔϑϟύ ώϔϒϑϜϖωύϑ υτϏώτ ϐϒϕϖτ VRSRUWH FRMLQHWH FXHUSR GHO HMH DSRLR GR PDQFDO FRUSR GR HL[R

163


DIRECTIE DIRECTIE โ ขโ ข STEERING STEERING

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

164

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD JDXULOH GH SULQGHUH D URWLL LQ QXPDU GH HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH XQ GLDPHWUX GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ JDXUL GH SULQGHUH D GLVFXOXL GH IULQD GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ ]RQD PRQWDM UXOPHQW ยบ N ]RQD FHQWUDUH MDQWD ยบ PP JURVLPHD IODQVHL EXWXFXOXL GH PP QXPDU FDQHOXUL PDWHULDOH FU PDWULWDW VWDV

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW WKH HTXLGLVWDQW KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WKH ZKHHO ULP DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP DQG KDYH WKH WKUHDG RI P [ WKH KROHV IRU DWWDFKLQJ WKH EUDNH GLVF DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP KDYH WKUHDG RI P [ EHDULQJ DVVHPEO\ DUHD ยบ N FHQWHULQJ ULP DUHD ยบ PP WKLFNQHVV RI KXE IODQJH PP QXPEHU RI JURRYHV PDWHULDOV FU PROGLQJ VWDV SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD JDXULOH GH SULQGHUH D URWLL LQ QXPDU GH HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH XQ GLDPHWUX GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ JDXUL GH SULQGHUH D GLVFXOXL GH IULQD GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO GH PP VL ILOHWDWH FX P [ ]RQD PRQWDM UXOPHQW ยบ N ]RQD FHQWUDUH MDQWD ยบ PP JURVLPHD IODQVHL EXWXFXOXL GH PP QXPDU FDQHOXUL PDWHULDOH FU PDWULWDW VWDV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW WKH HTXLGLVWDQW KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WKH ZKHHO ULP DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP DQG KDYH WKH WKUHDG RI P [ WKH KROHV IRU DWWDFKLQJ WKH EUDNH GLVF DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ D GLDPHWHU RI PP KDYH WKUHDG RI P [ EHDULQJ DVVHPEO\ DUHD ยบ N FHQWHULQJ ULP DUHD ยบ PP WKLFNQHVV RI KXE IODQJH PP QXPEHU RI JURRYHV PDWHULDOV FU PROGLQJ VWDV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDOH FU FU PDWULWDW VWDV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDOV FU FU PROGLQJ VWDV


DIRECTIE • STEERING

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD NLW XO FRQWLQH UXOPHQW LQHO VLJXUDQWD SLXOLWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL LQHO VLJXUDQWD ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL SLXOLWD ILOHW P [ PP KH[DJRQ H[WHULRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP FLUFOHFOLS ULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP RXWWHU GLDPWHU PP D[OH QXW VL]H WKUHDG P [ PP H[WHULRU KH[DJRQ SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD NLW XO FRQWLQH UXOPHQW LQHO VLJXUDQWD SLXOLWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP FX VHQ]RU DEV LQWHJUDW GLPHQVLXQL LQHO VLJXUDQWD ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL SLXOLWD ILOHW P [ PP KH[DJRQ H[WHULRU IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP DEV VHQVRU LQWHJUDWHG FLUFOHFOLS ULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP RXWWHU GLDPWHU PP D[OH QXW VL]H WKUHDG P [ PP H[WHULRU KH[DJRQ

165


DIRECTIE • STEERING

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

166

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD NLW XO FRQWLQH UXOPHQW LQHO VLJXUDQWD SLXOLWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL LQHO VLJXUDQWD ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLPHQVLXQL SLXOLWD ILOHW P [ PP KH[DJRQ H[WHULRU ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP FLUFOHFOLS ULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP RXWWHU GLDPWHU PP D[OH QXW VL]H WKUHDG P [ PP H[WHULRU KH[DJRQ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

DPRUWL]RU VKRFN DEVRUEHU DPRUWLVVHXU VWR¡G¦PSIHU τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD WLS DPRUWL]RU SUHVLXQH XOHL JD] VLVWHP DPRUWL]RU ELWXEXODU FXUVD PP UXJR]LWDWHD WLMHL wP GXULWDWHD WLMHL KUF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW W\SH RLO JDV SUHVVXUH V\VWHP ELWXEXODU UDFH PP URG URXJKQHVV ͐P URG KDUGQHVV KUF

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

DPRUWLJXDGRU DPRUWHFHGRU

FKLW SURWHFWLH SUDI DPRUWL]RU

SDUWH PRQWDUH DPRUWL]RU IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW ULJKW IURQW VKRFN DEVRUEHU

GXVW FRYHU NLW VKRFN DEVRUEHU NLW GH SURWHFWLRQ FRQWUH OD SRXVVLªUH DPRUWLVVHXU VWDXEVFKXW]VDW] VWR¡G¦PSIHU ϓϟϏωϋτϝόϖϑϟύ ώϒϐόϏωώϖ τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ MXHJR GH JXDUGDSROYRV DPRUWLJXDGRU NLW GH SURWHF©¥R FRQWUD R Sµ DPRUWHFHGRU

VHW UHSDUDWLH UXOPHQW VDUFLQD DPRUWL]RU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

UHSDLU NLW VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW NLW GH U«SDUDWLRQ SDOLHU GH OD MDPEH GH VXVSHQVLRQ UHSDUDWXUVDW] IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϔωϐώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ NLW UHSDUDFLµQ DSR\R FROXPQD PDRUWLJXDFLµQ NLW GH UHSDUD©¥R VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQM PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

167


SUSPENSIE SUSPENSIE •• SUSPENSION SUSPENSION

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD VXSRUW DUF

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW EHDULQJ EXW«H VLPSOH GH MDPEH «ODVWLTXH IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLQHWH FROXPQD VXVSHQVLµQ VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQMXQWR PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD VXSRUW DUF VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW EHDULQJ EXW«H VLPSOH GH MDPEH «ODVWLTXH IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLQHWH FROXPQD VXVSHQVLµQ VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQMXQWR PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

168

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD JURVLPH >PP@ PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD DPRUWL]RU

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW SHQWUX DPRUWL]RU VXVSHQVLH WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPHWHU >PP@

IULFWLRQ EHDULQJ VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW PRXQWLQJ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

DSSDUHLO G DSSXL ¢ EDODQFLHU EXW«H VLPSOH MDPEH «ODVW Z¦O]ODJHU IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ώτϛωϑόϣ ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLHQHWH GH URGLOORV FROXPQD DPRUWLJXDFLµQ URODPHQWR GH URORV VXSRUWH DSRLR GR FRQM PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

DPRUWL]RU VKRFN DEVRUEHU DPRUWLVVHXU VWR¡G¦PSIHU τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD WLS DPRUWL]RU SUHVLXQH XOHL JD] VLVWHP DPRUWL]RU ELWXEXODU FXUVD PP UXJR]LWDWHD WLMHL wP GXULWDWHD WLMHL KUF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW W\SH RLO JDV SUHVVXUH V\VWHP ELWXEXODU UDFH PP URG URXJKQHVV ͐P URG KDUGQHVV KUF

DPRUWLJXDGRU DPRUWHFHGRU

169


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

FKLW SURWHFWLH SUDI DPRUWL]RU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD SHQWUX DPRUWL]RU VXVSHQVLH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW IRU VKRFN DEVRUEHU PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

GXVW FRYHU NLW VKRFN DEVRUEHU NLW GH SURWHFWLRQ FRQWUH OD SRXVVLªUH DPRUWLVVHXU VWDXEVFKXW]VDW] VWR¡G¦PSIHU ϓϟϏωϋτϝόϖϑϟύ ώϒϐόϏωώϖ τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ MXHJR GH JXDUGDSROYRV DPRUWLJXDGRU NLW GH SURWHF©¥R FRQWUD R Sµ DPRUWHFHGRU

EXFVD DPRUWL]RU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD SHQWUX DPRUWL]RU VXVSHQVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW IRU VKRFN DEVRUEHU

EXVK VKRFN DEVRUEHU GRXLOOH DPRUWLVVHXU EXFKVH VWRVVG¦PSIHU φϖϗϏώτ τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔ PDQJXLWR DPRUWLJXDGRU FDVTXLOKR DPRWHFHGRU

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLDPHWUXO VSLUHL PP QXPDUXO GH VSLUH DFWLYH ] VSLUH

DUF VSLUDO

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW FRLO GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI DFWLYH FRLOV

FRLO VSULQJ UHVVRUW GH VXVSHQVLRQ IDKUZHUNVIHGHU ϓϔϗϊόϑτ ϙϒψϒφϒύ ϛτϕϖό PXHOOH GH VXVSHQVLµQ PROD GH VXVSHQV¥R

170


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

SDUWHD GH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLDPHWUXO VSLUHL PP QXPDUXO GH VSLUH DFWLYH ] VSLUH

DUF VSLUDO

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW FRLO GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI DFWLYH FRLOV

FRLO VSULQJ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

UHVVRUW GH VXVSHQVLRQ IDKUZHUNVIHGHU ϓϔϗϊόϑτ ϙϒψϒφϒύ ϛτϕϖό PXHOOH GH VXVSHQVLµQ PROD GH VXVSHQV¥R

171


TRANSMISIE โ ข TRANSMISSION

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP

YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP OXQJLPHD PD[LPD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP PD[ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP

DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

172

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP


TRANSMISIE โ ข TRANSMISSION

SODQHWDUD GULYH VKDIW DUEUH GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ

SHQWUX DXWRYHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD QXPDUXO GH FDQHOXUL GH OHJDWXUD FX EXWXFXO FDQHOXUL GLDPHWUXO ]RQHL FDQHODWH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD PLQLQD D SODQHWDUHL PP OXQJLPHD PD[LPD D SODQHWDUHL PP FXOLVDUHD SODQHWDUHL PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH SODQHWDUD P [ PP

YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW WHHWK QXPEHU WHHWK DUHD GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PLQ OHQJWK PP PD[ OHQJWK PP VOLGH PP WKUHDG P [ PP

SDUWH PRQWDUH SODQHWDUD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VSUH URDWD

DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FY MRLQW OHIW ULJKW ZKHHO VLGH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9

DQVDPEOX EXUGXI DUWLFXODWLH SODQHWDUD EHOORZ GULYH VKDIW MHX GH MRLQWV VRXIIOHWV DUEUH GH FRPPDQGH IDOWHQEDOJVDW] DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ MXHJR GH IXHOOHV ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ MRJR GH IROHV YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

DQVDPEOX EXUGXI DUWLFXODWLH SODQHWDUD EHOORZ GULYH VKDIW MHX GH MRLQWV VRXIIOHWV DUEUH GH FRPPDQGH

SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SODQHWDUD VWDQJD VSUH FY

EXUGXI UXOPHQW IODQVD VWULQJHUH EXUGXI FDSDF SURWHFWLH UXOPHQW ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FY MRLQW OHIWW JHDUER[ VLGH ERRW EHDULQJ IODQJH IRU IL[LQJ WKH EHDULQJ EHDULQJ SURWHFWLYH FDS

IDOWHQEDOJVDW] DQWULHEVZHOOH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ MXHJR GH IXHOOHV ยฃUERO GH WUDQVPLVLยตQ MRJR GH IROHV YHLR GH WUDQVPLVVยฅR

173


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

174


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

GLDPHWUX >PP@

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

GLDPHWHU >PP@ SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@

SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@

SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

175


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH

GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ QXPEHU RI WHHWK

ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH

GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ Q QXPDU GLQWL GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ Q QXPEHU RI WHHWK

ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

176

GLDPHWUX >PP@ QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ Q QXPDU GLQWL GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ Q QXPEHU RI WHHWK


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

UXOPHQW GH SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM UHOHDVHU EXW«H G HPEUD\DJH DXVU¾FNODJHU φϟϊόϐϑϒύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH GHVHPEUDJXH

GLDPHWUXO JXOHUXOXL GH DFWLRQDUH D SODFLL GH SUHVLXQH >PP@ LQWHULRU H[WHULRU GLDPHWUXO H[WHULRU DO UXOPHQWXOXL >PP@ GLDPHWUXO FDQDOXOXL GH FXOLVDUH SH SUL]D GH SXWHUH >PP@ GLVWDQWD LQWUH HOHPHQWHOH GH IL[DUH D IXUFLL GH DFWLRQDUH >PP@ LQDOWLPHD UXOPHQWXOXL GH SUHVLXQH >PP@

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ WUDQVPLWLRQ V\VWHP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

OXQJLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

GLDPHWHU RI WKH GULYH FROODU SUHVVXUH SODWH >PP@ LQQHU RXWWHU RXWHU GLDPHWHU RI WKH EHDULQJ >PP@ FKDQQHO GLDPHWHU VOLGH RQ WKH SWR >PP@ GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ IDVWHQHUV WR GULYH IRUN >PP@ EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH KHLJKW >PP@

URODPHQWR GH GHVHPEUDLDJHP

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP WUDQVPLVLH

UXOPHQW GH SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM UHOHDVHU EXW«H G HPEUD\DJH DXVU¾FNODJHU φϟϊόϐϑϒύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH GHVHPEUDJXH URODPHQWR GH GHVHPEUDLDJHP

FDEOX DPEUHLDM

OHQJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

FOXWFK FDEOH WLUHWWH ¢ F¤EOH FRPPDQGH G HPEUD\DJH VHLO]XJ NXSSOXQJVEHW¦WLJXQJ ϖϔϒϕ ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ϕϚωϓϏωϑόωϐ FDEOH GH DFFLRQDPLHQWR DFFLRQDPLHQWR GHO HPEUDJXH FDER GH D©R DFFLRQDPHQWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

177


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

FDEOX DPEUHLDM

OXQJLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

OHQJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

FOXWFK FDEOH WLUHWWH ¢ F¤EOH FRPPDQGH G HPEUD\DJH VHLO]XJ NXSSOXQJVEHW¦WLJXQJ ϖϔϒϕ ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ϕϚωϓϏωϑόωϐ FDEOH GH DFFLRQDPLHQWR DFFLRQDPLHQWR GHO HPEUDJXH FDER GH D©R DFFLRQDPHQWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF IDUD VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF ZLWK PDQXDO VWHHULQJ OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

178

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW PDQXDO VWHHULQJ OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

179


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD SROL Y SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

180


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH

PRWRUL]DULOH GFL SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF PRWRUL]DULOH Y SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF GFL HQJLQHV IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF Y HQJLQHV IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

181


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

182


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

QXPDUXO GH GLQWL D UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH GLQWL GLDPHWUXO UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP LQDOWLPHD GDQWXULL GH DFWLRQDUH PP QXPDUXO SDOHWHORU GLDPHWUXO URWRUXOXL FX SDOHWH PP VXUXE IL[DUH UROD LQWLQ]DWRDUH P [ [ PP JDXULOH GH IL[DUH FX GLDPHWUXO GH PP FRUSXO SRPSHL HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX UROD GH DFWLRQDUH D[XO VL SDOHWHOH UHDOL]DWH GLQ RWHO LQR[LGDELO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

JHDU UROOHU QXPEHU RI WHHWK JHDU UROOHU GLDPHWHU PP JHDU UROOHU WHHWK KHLJKW PP QXPEHU RI SDOOHWV URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV GLDPHWHU PP VFUHZ IRU IL[LQJ WKH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ P [ [ PP IL[LQJ KROHV GLDPHWHU PP SXPS ERG\ LV DOXPLQXP WKH JHDU UROOHU WKH D[OH DQG WKH SDOOHWV DUH PDGH RI VWDLQOHVV VWHHO

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

GLDPHWUXO UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP LQDOWLPHD UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP QXPDUXO SDOHWHORU GLDPHWUXO URWRUXOXL FX SDOHWH PP FRUSXO SRPSHL HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX UROD GH DFWLRQDUH VL D[XO VXQW UHDOL]DWH GLQ RWHO LQR[LGDELO URWRUXO FX SDOHWH HVWH UHDOL]DW GLQWU XQ DOLDM GH DODPD URWRUXO FX SDOHWH HVWH UHDOL]DW SULQ WXUQDUH VL SUHOXFUDUHD FRWHL GH PRQWDM SH D[XO SRPSHL JHDU UROOHU GLDPHWHU PP JHDU UROOHU KHLJKW PP QXPEHU RI SDOOHWV URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV GLDPHWHU PP SXPS ERG\ LV DOXPLQXP WKH JHDU UROOHU DQG D[OH DUH PDGH RI VWDLQOHVV VWHHO WKH URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV LV PDGH IURP D EUDVV DOOR\ WKH URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV LV UHDOL]HG E\ FDVWLQJ DQG WKUX WKH SURFHVVLQJ RI WKH DVVHPEO\ OLVWLQJ RQ WKH SXPS D[OH

183


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

184


DISTRIBUTIE DISTRIBUTIE •• BELT BELT DRIVE DRIVE

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH GH GLVWULEXWLRQ XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϋϗυϛτϖϟύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD GLVWULEXFLµQ SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

185


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

186

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L


FRANARE โ ข BRAKE SYSTEM

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ GLVFR GH IUHQR GLVFR GH WUDYยฅR

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ GLVFR GH IUHQR GLVFR GH WUDYยฅR

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP JDXUD FHQWUDUH EXWXF ยบ PP JDXUL SUH]RDQH JDXUL ยบ PP HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH GLVF GH EXWXF JDXUL ยบ PP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP PLQLPXP WKLFNQHVV PP KXE FHQWHULQJ KROH ยบ PP VWXG KROHV KROHV HTXLGLVWDQW ยบ PP SODFHG RQ GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WR WKH ZKHHO KXE KROHV ยบ PP SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP JDXUD FHQWUDUH EXWXF ยบ PP JDXUL SUH]RDQH JDXUL ยบ PP HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH GLVF GH EXWXF JDXUL ยบ PP ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP PLQLPXP WKLFNQHVV PP KXE FHQWHULQJ KROH ยบ PP VWXG KROHV KROHV HTXLGLVWDQW ยบ PP SODFHG RQ GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WR WKH ZKHHO KXE KROHV ยบ PP

187


FRANARE โ ข BRAKE SYSTEM

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ GLVFR GH IUHQR GLVFR GH WUDYยฅR

VHW SODFXWH IUDQD IUDQD GLVF EUDNH SDG VHW GLVF EUDNH NLW GH SODTXHWWHV GH IUHLQ IUHLQ ยข GLVTXH

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP JDXUD FHQWUDUH EXWXF ยบ PP JDXUL SUH]RDQH JDXUL ยบ PP HFKLGLVWDQWH GLVSXVH SH GLDPHWUXO ยบ PP JDXUL SULQGHUH GLVF GH EXWXF JDXUL ยบ PP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 G&L

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP PLQLPXP WKLFNQHVV PP KXE FHQWHULQJ KROH ยบ PP VWXG KROHV KROHV HTXLGLVWDQW ยบ PP SODFHG RQ GLDPHWHU ยบ PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV IRU IL[LQJ WR WKH ZKHHO KXE KROHV ยบ PP SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF FX VXUXEXUL HWULHU OXQJLPH >PP@ ยฐQDOWLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV ZLWK FDOLSHU VFUHZ OHQJWK >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

EUHPVEHODJVDW] VFKHLEHQEUHPVH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ MXHJR GH SDVWLOODV GH IUHQR MRJR GH SDVWLOKDV SDUD WUDYยฅR GH GLVFR

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU ยซWULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQยฉD GH WUDYยฅR

188

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ


FRANARE FRANARE •• BRAKE BRAKE SYSTEM SYSTEM

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU «WULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ

ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕϗϓϓϒϔϖ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQ©D GH WUDY¥R

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU «WULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ

ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕϗϓϓϒϔϖ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQ©D GH WUDY¥R

HWULHU IUDQD EUDNH FDOLSHU «WULHU GH IUHLQ EUHPVVDWWHO

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD SHQWUX GLVF IUDQD GLDPHWUX SLVWRQ >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ PDWHULDO IRQWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW IRU GLVF EUDNH SLVWRQ GLDPHWHU >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ

ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕϗϓϓϒϔϖ SLQ]D GH IUHQR SLQ©D GH WUDY¥R

189


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

OLPLWDWRU IUDQD

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ UHDU D[OH IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EUDNH F\OLQGHU F\OLQGUH GH URXH UDGEUHPV]\OLQGHU ώϒϏωϕϑϟύ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϚόϏόϑψϔ FLOLQGUR GH IUHQR FLOLQGUR GR WUDY¥R

FLOLQGUX UHFHSWRU IUDQD ZKHHO EUDNH F\OLQGHU F\OLQGUH GH URXH UDGEUHPV]\OLQGHU ώϒϏωϕϑϟύ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϚόϏόϑψϔ FLOLQGUR GH IUHQR GH UXHGD FLOLQGUR GR WUDY¥R GD URGD

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV EUDNLQG V\VWHP OXFDV WUZ ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW F\OLQGHU LQVLGH GLDPHWHU PP PLQLPXP SLVWRQ VWURNH PP PD[LPXP SLVWRQ VWURNH PP SLSH WKUHDG P [ PP YHQW F\OLQGHU YHQW WKUHDG P [ PP P [ WKUHDGHG KROHV DQG D PP GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ WKH KROHV UHTXLUHG IRU PRXQWLQJ RI SODWHV

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD UD]D PP ODWLPHD PP

VHW VDERWL IUDQD

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW UDGLXV PP ZLGWK PP

EUDNH VKRH VHW MHX GH P¤FKRLUHV GH IUHLQ EUHPVEDFNHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϟϙ ώϒϏϒψϒώ MXHJR GH ]DSDWDV GH IUHQRV MRJR GH PD[LODV GH WUDY¥R

190

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV VLVWHP IUDQDUH OXFDV WUZ SDUWH GH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLDPHWUXO LQWHULRU FLOLQGUX PP FXUVD SLVWRDQH PLQLPD PP FXUVD SLVWRDQH PD[LPD PP ORFDV LPELQDUH FRQGXFWD P [ PP DHULVLWRU FLOLQGUX P [ PP JDXUL ILOHWDWH FX P [ VL R GLVWDQWD GH PP LQWUH FHOH JDXUL QHFHVDUH SULQGHULL GH WDOHU


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD UD]D PP ODWLPHD PP

VHW VDERWL IUDQD

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW UDGLXV PP ZLGWK PP

EUDNH VKRH VHW MHX GH P¤FKRLUHV GH IUHLQ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EUHPVEDFNHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϟϙ ώϒϏϒψϒώ MXHJR GH ]DSDWDV GH IUHQRV MRJR GH PD[LODV GH WUDY¥R

VHW DFFHVRULL VDERW GH IUDQD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DEV SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD SHQWUX VDERWL IUDQD IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DEV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW IRU EUDNH VKRHV

DFFHVVRU\ NLW EUDNH VKRHV NLW G DFFHVVRLUHV P¤FKRLUH GH IUHLQ ]XEHK¸UVDW] EUHPVEDFNHQ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖϗϢϝόω ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑτϣ ώϒϏϒψώτ MXHJR GH DFFHVRULRV ]DSDWDV GH IUHQR NLW GH DFHVVµULRV PD[LODV GR WUDY¥R

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD IOH[LELO OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [

IXUWXQ IUDQD

IOH[LEOH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG P [

EUDNH KRVH IOH[LEOH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKODXFK ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϜϏτϑχ WXER IOH[LEOH GH IUHQRV WXER IOH[¯YHO GH WUDY¥R

191


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

IOH[LELO SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [

IXUWXQ IUDQD

IOH[LEOH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG P [

EUDNH KRVH IOH[LEOH GH IUHLQ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EUHPVVFKODXFK ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϜϏτϑχ WXER IOH[LEOH GH IUHQRV WXER IOH[¯YHO GH WUDY¥R

VHQ]RU WXUDWLH URDWD VHQVRU ZKHHO VSHHG FDSWHXU YLWHVVH GH URXH VHQVRU UDGGUHK]DKO ψτϖϛόώ ϛτϕϖϒϖτ φϔτϝωϑόϣ ώϒϏωϕτ VHQVRU UHYROXFLRQHV GH OD UXHGD VHQVRU URWD©·HV GD URGD

OXQJLPH >PP@ OHQJWK >PP@

FDEOX IUDQD GH SDUFDUH FDEOH SDUNLQJ EUDNH WLUHWWH ¢ F¤EOH IUHLQ GH VWDWLRQQHPHQW VHLO]XJ IHVWVWHOOEUHPVH ϖϔϒϕ ϕϖϒϣϑϒϛϑτϣ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑτϣ ϕόϕϖωϐτ FDEOH GH DFFLRQDPLHQWR IUHQR GH HVWDFLRQDPLHQWR FDER GH D©R WUDY¥R GH HVWDFLRQDPHQWR

192


FILTRARE • FILTERS

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX VLPHULQJ >PP@ GLPHQVLXQH ILOHW >PP@ P [ °QDOWLPH >PP@ PP

ILOWUX XOHL

GLDPHWHU >PP@ VHDO GLDPHWHU >PP@ WKUHDG VL]H >PP@ P [ KHLJKW >PP@ PP

RLO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ KXLOH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

¸OILOWHU ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DFHLWH ILOWUR GH µOHR

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU

GLDPHWUX >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ SUHSDUDUH FRPEXVWLELO LQMHFWLH EHQ]LQD GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ IXHO PL[WXUH IRUPDWLRQ SHWURO LQMHFWLRQ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@

ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

GLDPHWUX >PP@ LQDOWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO

GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@

IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

193


FILTRARE • FILTERS

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@ ILOHW P [

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@ WKUHDG P [

ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

194

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP GLDPWUX LQWHULRU PP LQDOWLPH PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP KHLJKW PP


FILTRARE • FILTERS

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP

ILOWUX DHU

OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

DLU ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

ILOWUX DHU KDELWDFOX ILOWHU LQWHULRU DLU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

ILOWUH DLU GH O KDELWDFOH ILOWHU LQQHQUDXPOXIW ϘόϏϠϖϔ φϒϋψϗϙ φϒ φϑϗϖϔωϑϑϒϐ ϓϔϒϕϖϔτϑϕϖφω ILOWUR DLUH KDELW£FXOR ILOWUR DU GR KDELW£FXOR

195


APRINDERE • IGNITION

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH

$ $ $

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

196


APRINDERE • IGNITION

OXQJLPHD HOHFWURGXOXL DFWLY PP OXQJLPH WRWDOD PP KH[DJRQ VWULQJHUH PP [ PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH P [ PP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

ILOHW H[WHULRU PP SDV ILOHW >PP@ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ GHVFKLGHUH FKHLH SR]LWLD VFDQWHLL PP QXPDU SROL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

GLVWDQWD GLQWUH HOHFWUR]L >PP@ PRPHQW VWUDQJHUH >QP@ ILOHW H[WHULRU PP SDV ILOHW >PP@ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ GHVFKLGHUH FKHLH SR]LWLD VFDQWHLL PP QXPDU SROL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

EXMLH LQFDQGHVFHQWD JORZ SOXJ ERXJLH GH SU«FKDXIIDJH JO¾KNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϑτώτϏόφτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH SUHFDOHQWDPLHQWR YHOD GH LQFDQGHVF¬QFLD

EXMLL VFDQWHLH VSDUN SOXJ ERXJLH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH HQFHQGLGR YHOD GH LJQL©¥R

EXMLL VFDQWHLH VSDUN SOXJ ERXJLH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH HQFHQGLGR YHOD GH LJQL©¥R

197


APRINDERE • IGNITION

ILVH EXMLL LJQLWLRQ FDEOH IDLVFHDX G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGOHLWXQJ ϓϔϒφϒψ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ FDEOH GH HQFHQGLGR FDER GH LJQL©¥R

198

PDWHULDO VLOLFRQH WLS FRQHFWRUL VDH P

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

FRPSUHVRU VLVWHP GH VXSUDDOLPHQWDUH

XWLOL]DW OD PRWRDUHOH N N N N N N N N XVHG IRU HQJLQH FRGHV N N N N N N N N

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52

FKDUJHU FKDUJLQJ V\VWHP WXUERFRPSUHVVHXU VXUDOLPHQWDWLRQ ODGHU DXIODGXQJ ώϒϐϓϔωϕϕϒϔ ϑτψψϗφ WXUERFRPSUHVRU VREUHDOLPHQWDFLµQ WXUERFRPSUHVVRU VREUHDOLPHQWD©¥R

UHWXU XOHL WXUERVXIODQWD WXUERFKDUJHU RLO UHWXUQ

FRQGXFWD SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

DQVDPEOX FODSHWD DFFHOHUDWLH WKURWWOH ERG\ FRUSV SDSLOORQ GURVVHONODSSHQVWXW]HQ ϓτϖϔϗυϒώ ψϔϒϕϕωϏϠϑϒύ ϋτϕϏϒϑώό FXHUSR GH PDULSRVD FRUSR GH ERUEROHWD

199


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

OXQJLPH >PP@

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

SDUW RI SDUW RI

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

OHQJWK >PP@ FDEOX DFFHOHUDWLH DFFHOHUDWRU FDEOH F¤EOH G DFF«O«UDWLRQ JDV]XJ ϖϔϒϕόώ χτϋτ FDEOH GHO DFHOHUDGRU FDER GR DFHOHUDGRU

VLVWHP DOLPHQWDUH FX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO IHHG XQLW XQLW« G LQMHFWLRQ GH FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRII I¸UGHUHLQKHLW ϡϏωϐωϑϖ ϕόϕϖωϐϟ ϓόϖτϑόϣ XQLGDG GH DOLPHQWDFLµQ GH FRPEXVWLEOH

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ UH]HUYRU FRPEXVWLELO SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD VLVWHP UHWXU FRPEXVWLELO PRG GH RSHUDUH HOHFWULF GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP OXQJLPH >PP@ PP SUHVLXQH >EDU@ EDU SUHVLXQH >SVL@ SVL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQ WKH IXHO WDQN IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW IXHO UHWXUQ V\VWHP HOHFWULF RSHUDWLQJ PRGH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP OHQJWK >PP@ PP SUHVVXUH >EDU@ EDU SUHVVXUH >SVL@ SVL YROWDJH >Y@ Y

XQLGDGH GH DOLPHQWD©¥R GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

SDUWH GLQ VLVWHP DOLPHQWDUH FX FRPEXVWLELO FRPSRQHQW RI IXHO IHHG XQLW

SRPSD FRPEXVWLELO IXHO SXPS SRPSH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIISXPSH ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH FRPEXVWLEOH ERPED GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

200


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

JDUQLWXUD SRPSD FRPEXVWLELO JDVNHW IXHO SXPS MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« SRPSH ¢ FDUEXUDQW GLFKWXQJ NUDIWVWRIISXPSH ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ MXQWD ERPED GH FRPEXVWLEOH MXQWD ERPED GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

EXVRQ UH]HUYRU GH FRPEXVWLELO FDS IXHO WDQN ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU GH FDUEXUDQW YHUVFKOX¡ NUDIWVWRIIEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϖϒϓϏόφϑϒύ υτώ WDSD GHSµVLWR GH FRPEXVWLEOH WDPSD GHSµVLWR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

201


ELECTRICA โ ข ELECTRICS

FXUHQW GH LQFDUFDUH JHQHUDWRU >D@ D WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y HFKLSDW FX IXOLH FXUHD ยบ>PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL

JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FKDUJLQJ FXUUHQW JHQHUDWRU >D@ D YROWDJH >Y@ Y HTXLSSHG ZLWK D SXOOH\ EHOW ยบ>PP@ ULEV QXPEHU

DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWHXU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ DOWHUQDGRU DOWHUQDGRU

JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWHXU JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ

FXUHQW GH LQFDUFDUH JHQHUDWRU >D@ D WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y ODWLPH >PP@ DOH]DM ยบ>PP@ HFKLSDW FX IXOLH FXUHD ยบ>PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL FKDUJLQJ FXUUHQW JHQHUDWRU >D@ D YROWDJH >Y@ Y ZLGWK >PP@ ERUH ยบ>PP@ HTXLSSHG ZLWK D SXOOH\ EHOW ยบ>PP@ ULEV QXPEHU

DOWHUQDGRU DOWHUQDGRU

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

202

JURVLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ ILOHW LQWHULRU PP P [ SURILO FDS VXUXE SLXOLWD KH[DJRQ LQWHULRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX QXPDU QHUYXUL WKLFNQHVV >PP@ LQWHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ LQQHU WKUHDG PP P [ KHDG VFUHZ QXW SURILOH LQQHU KH[DJRQ PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP QXPEHU RI ULEV


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ LQDOWLPH >PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU

RXWHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU

JURVLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ SURILO FDS VXUXE SLXOLWD KH[DJRQ LQWHULRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX QXPDU QHUYXUL WKLFNQHVV >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHDG VFUHZ QXW SURILOH LQQHU KH[DJRQ PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP QXPEHU RI ULEV

ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU

GLRGH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

GLRGH GLRGH GLRGH ψόϒψ GLRGR G¯RGR

203


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU UHJXODWRU DOWHUQDWRU UHJXODWRU DOWHUQDWRU U«JXODWHXU G DOWHUQDWHXU JHQHUDWRUUHJOHU ϔωχϗϏϣϖϒϔ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔτ UHJXODGRU GHO DOWHUQDGRU UHJXODGRU GR DOWHUQDGRU

UXOPHQW JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW PP [ [

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ VL]HV PP [ [

EHDULQJ DOWHUQDWRU FRXVVLQHW DOWHUQDWHXU ODJHU JHQHUDWRU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ FRMLQHWH DOWHUQDGRU PDQFDO DOWHUQDGRU

UXOPHQW JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ DOWHUQDWRU FRXVVLQHW DOWHUQDWHXU ODJHU JHQHUDWRU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ FRMLQHWH DOWHUQDGRU PDQFDO DOWHUQDGRU

204

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW PP [ [ FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ VL]HV PP [ [


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU

WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP QXPDU GLQWL

PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP QXPEHU RI WHHWK

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX

VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FDSDF HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLXP

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

FDS VWDUWHU ERQQHWWH G«PDUUHXU NDSSH VWDUWHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ WDSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH WDPSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

VWDWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDWRU VWDUWHU VWDWRU G«PDUUHXU VW¦QGHU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

205


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

EHQGL[ HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU QXPDU GLQWL FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WHHWK QXPEHU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

GULYH EHDULQJ VWDUWHU SDOLHU GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ G«PDUUHXU DQWULHEVODJHU VWDUWHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ϕϒ ϕϖϒϔϒϑϟ ϓϔόφϒψτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ EHQGL[ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URODPHQWR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

SODWRX FDUEXQL HOHFWURPRWRU FDUERQ EUXVK VWDUWHU EDODLV G«PDUUHXU NRKOHE¾UVWH VWDUWHU ϗχϒϏϠϑτϣ ϝωϖώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVFRELOOD GH FDUEµQ DUUDQFDGRU HVFRYD GH FDUY¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

206

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU VROHQRLG HOHFWURPRWRU VROHQRLG VZLWFK VWDUWHU FRQWDFWHXU G«PDUUHXU PDJQHWVFKDOWHU VWDUWHU ϖϣχϒφϒω ϔωϏω ϕϖτϔϖωϔ LQWHUUXSWRU PDJQ«WLFR HVW£UWHU LQWHUUXSWRU HOHFWURPDJQ«WLFR PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ VSDWHOH PRWRUXOXL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP WLS FXWLH YLWH]D FX UHGXFWRU QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ EHKLQG RI HQJLQH YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP QXPEHU RI WHHWK FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

207


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FDSDF HOHFWURPRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ IDWD PRWRUXOXL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP WLS FXWLH YLWH]D FX UHGXFWRU QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQ IURQW RI HQJLQH YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP JHDUER[ W\SH ZLWK UHGXFWRU QXPEHU RI WHHWK FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLXP

FDS VWDUWHU ERQQHWWH G«PDUUHXU NDSSH VWDUWHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ WDSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH WDPSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

VWDWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDWRU VWDUWHU VWDWRU G«PDUUHXU VW¦QGHU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

208

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU LPSUHXQD FX URWRUXO VH SRDWH PRQWD VL SH HOHFWURPRWRUXO FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WRJHWKHU ZLWK VWDWRU LW FDQ EH IL[HG RQ VWDUWHU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

EHQGL[ HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH EHDULQJ VWDUWHU SDOLHU GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ G«PDUUHXU DQWULHEVODJHU VWDUWHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ϕϒ ϕϖϒϔϒϑϟ ϓϔόφϒψτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ EHQGL[ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URODPHQWR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU UHGXFWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU UHGXFWRU

ϔωψϗώϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔτ

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU LPSUHXQD FX VWDWRUXO VH SRDWH PRQWD VL SH HOHFWURPRWRUXO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WRJHWKHU ZLWK VWDWRU LW FDQ EH IL[HG RQ VWDUWHU

URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

209


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU SODWRX FDUEXQL HOHFWURPRWRU FDUERQ EUXVK VWDUWHU EDODLV G«PDUUHXU NRKOHE¾UVWH VWDUWHU ϗχϒϏϠϑτϣ ϝωϖώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVFRELOOD GH FDUEµQ DUUDQFDGRU HVFRYD GH FDUY¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU VROHQRLG HOHFWURPRWRU VROHQRLG VZLWFK VWDUWHU FRQWDFWHXU G«PDUUHXU PDJQHWVFKDOWHU VWDUWHU ϖϣχϒφϒω ϔωϏω ϕϖτϔϖωϔ LQWHUUXSWRU PDJQ«WLFR HVW£UWHU LQWHUUXSWRU HOHFWURPDJQ«WLFR PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

SRPSD GH DSD VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDWHU SXPS ZLQGRZ FOHDQLQJ SRPSH G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUSXPSH VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ ERPED GH DJXD GH ODYDGR ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV ERPED GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

210

WLS SRPSD SRPSD GXDOD QXPDU FRQH[LXQL JUHXWDWH NJ SXPS W\SH GXDO SXPS QXPEHU RI FRQQHFWLRQV ZHLJKW NJ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[


ELECTRICA ELECTRICA •• ELECTRICS ELECTRICS

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH DIWHU FRPXWDWRU PDFDUD JHDP VZLWFK ZLQGRZ ZLQGHU LQWHUUXSWHXU OªYH YLWUH VFKDOWHU IHQVWHUKHEHU φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϕϖωώϏϒϏϒψϞωϐϑόώ LQWHUUXSWRU HOHYDOXQDV LQWHUUXSWRU HOHYDGRUHV GRV YLGURV

VHW LQFXLHWRDUH VLVWHP LQFKLGHUH ORFN VHW ORFNLQJ V\VWHP MHX GH VHUUXUHV V\VWªPH GH YHUURXLOODJH VFKOR¡VDW] VFKOLH¡DQODJH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϋτϐώτ ϋτϐϒώ MXHJR GH FHUUDGXUDV VLVWHPD GH FLHUUH MRJR GH IHFKDGXUDV VLVWHPD GH IHFKR

SHQWUX OXPLQDUH KDELWDFOX LQ PRPHQWXO LQ FDUH SRUWLHUD VH GHVFKLGH SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD

FRPXWDWRU FRQWDFW SRUWLHUD

IRU LQWHULRU OLJKWLQJ ZKHQ WKH GRRU RSHQV ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU IURQW UHDU OHIW ULJKW

VZLWFK GRRU FRQWDFW LQWHUUXSWHXU FRQWDFWHXU GH SRUWH VFKDOWHU W¾UNRQWDNW φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ώϒϑϖτώϖ ψφωϔό LQWHUUXSWRU FRQWDFWR GH SXHUWD LQWHUUXSWRU FRQWDFWR GH SRUWD

211


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ +L )OH[

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD PDUVDULHU VZLWFK UHYHUVH OLJKW LQWHUUXSWHXU IHX PDUFKH DUULªUH VFKDOWHU U¾FNIDKUOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ Ϙτϔτ ϋτψϑωχϒ ϙϒψτ LQWHUUXSWRU SLORWR GH PDUFKD DWU£V LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH PDUFKD DWU£V

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD IUDQD VZLWFK VWRS OLJKW FRQWDFWHXU IHX VWRS VFKDOWHU EUHPVOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϕόχϑτϏτ ϖϒ LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH IUHQR LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH VWRS

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD IUDQD VZLWFK VWRS OLJKW FRQWDFWHXU IHX VWRS VFKDOWHU EUHPVOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϕόχϑτϏτ ϖϒ LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH IUHQR LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH VWRS

212


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

VHQ]RU LPSXOVXUL DUERUH FRWLW

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

VHQVRU FUDQNVKDIW SXOVH J«Q«UDWHXU G LPSXOVLRQV YLOHEUHTXLQ LPSXOVJHEHU NXUEHOZHOOH ψτϖϛόώ όϐϓϗϏϠϕϒφ JHQHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FLJ¾H³DO JHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FDPERWD

VHQ]RU LPSXOVXUL DUERUH FRWLW VHQVRU FUDQNVKDIW SXOVH J«Q«UDWHXU G LPSXOVLRQV YLOHEUHTXLQ LPSXOVJHEHU NXUEHOZHOOH ψτϖϛόώ όϐϓϗϏϠϕϒφ JHQHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FLJ¾H³DO JHUDGRU GH LPSXOVRV FDPERWD

VHQ]RU SUHVLXQH VXSUDDOLPHQWDUH VHQVRU ERRVW SUHVVXUH FDSWHXU SUHVVLRQ GH VXUDOLPHQWDWLRQ VHQVRU ODGHGUXFN ψτϖϛόώ ψτφϏωϑόω ϑτψψϗφτ VHQVRU SUHVLµQ GH VREUHDOLPHQWDFLµQ VHQVRU SUHVV¥R GH VREUHDOLPHQWD©¥R

213


ELECTRICA ELECTRICA •• ELECTRICS ELECTRICS

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFHG DIWHU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

VHQ]RU YLWH]D VHQVRU VSHHG FDSWHXU YLWHVVH VHQVRU JHVFKZLQGLJNHLW ψτϖϛόώ ϕώϒϔϒϕϖϠ VHQVRU YHORFLGDG VHQVRU YHORFLGDGH

VHQ]RU SUHVLXQH DPSOLILFDUH IUDQH SUHVVXUH VHQVRU EUDNH ERRVWHU FDSWHXU GH SUHVVLRQ VHUYRIUHLQ GUXFNVHQVRU EUHPVNUDIWYHUVW¦UNHU ψτϖϛόώ ψτφϏωϑόϣ ϗϕόϏόϖωϏϠ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϕόϕϖωϐϟ VHQVRU GH SUHVLµQ VHUYRIUHQR VHQVRU GH SUHVV¥R VHUYR IUHLR

VHQRU EDWDL NQRFN VHQVRU FDSWHXU GH FRJQHPHQW NORSIVHQVRU ψτϖϛόώ ψωϖϒϑτϚόό VHQVRU GH GHWRQDFLRQHV VHQVRU GH GHWRQD©¥R

214


MOTOR • ENGINE

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

FKLXODVD F\OLQGHU KHDG FXODVVH GH F\OLQGUH ]\OLQGHUNRSI χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ FXODWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

JDUQLWXUD FKLXODVD JDVNHW F\OLQGHU KHDG MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FXODVVH GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD FXODWD MXQWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

JDUQLWXUD FKLXODVD

JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO PHWDO WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO VWHHO

JDVNHW F\OLQGHU KHDG MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FXODVVH GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD FXODWD MXQWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

215


MOTOR • ENGINE

JDUQLWXUD FDSDF VXSDSH

JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO PHWDO WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO VWHHO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

JDVNHW URFNHU FRYHU MRLQW GH FDFKH FXOEXWHXUV GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSIKDXEH ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ώϔϟϜώτ χϒϏϒφώό ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD WDSD GH FXODWD GH FLOLQGUR MXQWD WDPSD GDV Y£OYXODV

JDUQLWXUD EDLH XOHL JDVNHW RLO VXPS MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FDUWHU G KXLOH GLFKWXQJ ¸OVXPSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ϐτϕϏϣϑϑτϣ φτϑϑτ MXQWD GHSµVLWR GH DFHLWH MXQWD GHSµVLWR GR µOHR

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

216

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH FXWLH YLWH]H

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW JHDUER[ VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ ULJKW


MOTOR • ENGINE

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH FXWLH YLWH]H

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD GUHDSWD

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW JHDUER[ VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ ULJKW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH URDWD

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW ZKHHO VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ OHIW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH URDWD

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW ZKHHO VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ OHIW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

217


MOTOR โ ข ENGINE

VHW EF VHW SFV

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

VHW EF VHW SFV

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

VHW EF VHW SFV

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

218


MOTOR โ ข ENGINE

VHW EF VHW SFV

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

VHW EF VHW EF

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

VHW EF VHW EF

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

219


MOTOR • ENGINE

VHW EF VWG UHSDUDWLH ELOH VHW SFV VWG UHSDLU VHW IRU FRQQHFWLQJ URGV

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

VHPLFX]LQHWL ELHOD ELJ HQG EHDULQJV FRXVVLQHW GH ELHOOH SOHXHOODJHU Ϝτϖϗϑϑϟύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH ELHOD FKXPDFHLUD GH ELHOD

VHW UHSDUDWLH SLVWRDQH UHSDLU VHW IRU SLVWRQV

VHW VHJPHQWL SLVWRQ SLVWRQ ULQJ NLW MHX GH VHJPHQWV GH SLVWRQV NROEHQULQJVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒϔϜϑωφϟϙ ώϒϏωϚ MXHJR GH DURV GH SLVWµQ MRJR GH VHJPHQWRV GR ¬PEROR

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP GH XQJHUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OXEULFDWLRQ V\VWHP

EDLH XOHL RLO SDQ FDUWHU G KXLOH ¸OZDQQH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ F£UWHU GH DFHLWH F£UWHU GR µOHR

220


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EDLH XOHL RLO SDQ FDUWHU G KXLOH ¸OZDQQH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ F£UWHU GH DFHLWH F£UWHU GR µOHR

EDLH XOHL RLO SDQ FDUWHU G KXLOH ¸OZDQQH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ F£UWHU GH DFHLWH F£UWHU GR µOHR

VXUXE GH JROLUH EDLD GH XOHL

GLPHQVLXQH ILOHW P [ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ WKUHDG P [ OHQJKW >PP@

RLO GUDLQ SOXJ RLO SDQ YLV ERXFKRQ FDUWHU G KXLOH YHUVFKOX¡VFKUDXEH ¸OZDQQH ϔωϋϠυϒφτϣ ϓϔϒυώτ ϐτϕϏϣϑϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ WDSµQ URVFDGR FROHFWRU GH DFHLWH EXM¥R URVFDGR F£UWHU GH µOHR

221


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

EXVRQ XPSOHUH XOHL FDS RLO ILOOHU ERXFKRQ JRXORWWH GH UHPSOLVVDJH G KXLOH YHUVFKOX¡ ¸OHLQI¾OOVWXW]HQ ώϔϟϜώτ ϋτϏόφϑτϣ χϒϔϏϒφόϑτ WDSD WXEXODGXUD GH UHOOHQR GH DFHLWH WDPSD WXER GH HQFKLPHQWR GH µOHR

SRPSD XOHL RLO SXPS SRPSH ¢ KXLOH ¸OSXPSH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DFHLWH ERPED GH µOHR

XWLOL]DW OD PRWRDUHOH N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N XVHG IRU HQJLQH FRGHV N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N FRPSRQHQWD SRPSD XOHL FRPSRQHQW RI RLO SXPS

SLQLRQ SRPSD XOHL JHDU RLO SXPS URXH GHQW«H SRPSH ¢ KXLOH ]DKQUDG ¸OSXPSH Ϝωϕϖωϔϑϣ ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ UXHGD GHQWDGD ERPED GH DFHLWH URGD GHQWDGD ERPED GH µOHR

222

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

5 5 + ' '

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH XOHL PRWRU RLO FRROHU HQJLQH RLO UDGLDWHXU G KXLOH ¸ON¾KOHU PRWRU¸O ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ψφόχτϖωϏϠϑϒω ϐτϕϏϒ UDGLDGRU GH DFHLWH PRWRU UDGLDGRU GH µOHR GR PRWRU

SRPSD KLGUDXOLFD VLVWHP GH GLUHFWLH K\GUDXOLF SXPS VWHHULQJ V\VWHP SRPSH K\GUDXOLTXH GLUHFWLRQ K\GUDXOLNSXPSH OHQNXQJ χόψϔτφϏόϛωϕώόύ ϑτϕϒϕ ϔϗϏωφϒω ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ERPED KLGU£XOLFD GLUHFFLµQ ERPED KLGU£XOLFD GLUHF©¥R

IXOLH SRPSD VHUYR SXOOH\ SRZHU VWHHULQJ SXPS SRXOLH SRPSH GH GLUHFWLRQ DVVLVW«H ULHPHQVFKHLEH VHUYRSXPSH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ϑτϕϒϕ χόψϔϒϗϕόϏόϖωϏϣ SROHD VHUYRERPED SROLD ERPED GD GLUHF©¥R DVVLVWLGD

223


MOTOR MOTOR •• ENGINE ENGINE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

IXOLH FXUHD DUERUH FRWLW EHOW SXOOH\ FUDQNVKDIW SRXOLH YLOHEUHTXLQ ULHPHQVFKHLEH NXUEHOZHOOH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ SROHD FLJ¾H³DO SROLD FDPERWD

ODWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ QXPDU GLQWL

URDWD GLQWDWD D[ FX FDPH

ZLGWK >PP@ LQQHU GLDPWHU >PP@ RXWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI WHHWK

JHDU FDPVKDIW URXH GHQW«H DUEUH ¢ FDPH ]DKQUDG QRFNHQZHOOH Ϝωϕϖωϔϑϣ ϔτϕϓϔωψωϏόϖωϏϠϑϟύ φτϏ UXHGD GHQWDGD £UERO GH OHYDV URGD GHQWDGD £UYRUH GH FDPHV

IXOLH FXUHD DUERUH FRWLW EHOW SXOOH\ FUDQNVKDIW SRXOLH YLOHEUHTXLQ ULHPHQVFKHLEH NXUEHOZHOOH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ SROHD FLJ¾H³DO SROLD FDPERWD

224


MOTOR • ENGINE

VXSRUW PRWRU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD FHQWUX SDUWHD GH MRV PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH FHQWHU ORZHU SDUW PDWHULDO UXEEHU VWHHO

VXSSRUW PRWHXU ODJHUXQJ PRWRU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϠ VRSRUWH PRWRU VXSRUWH PRWRU

WDPSRQ VXSRUW PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD PDWHULDO PHWDO FDXFLXF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW PDWHULDO PHWDO UXEEHU

EXIIHU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ DPRUWLVVHXU VXVSHQVLRQ GX PRWHXU G¦PSIHU PRWRUODJHUXQJ χτϕόϖωϏϠ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ DPRUWLJXDGRU VXVSHQVLµQ GHO PRWRU DPRUWHFHGRU VXVSHQV¥R GR PRWRU

VXSRUW PRWRU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD PDWHULDO DOXPLQX D

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP D

VXSSRUW PRWHXU ODJHUXQJ PRWRU ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϠ VRSRUWH PRWRU VXSRUWH PRWRU

225


MOTOR • ENGINE

WDPSRQ VXSRUW PRWRU EXIIHU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD PDWHULDO PHWDO FDXFLXF PRG RSHUDUH KLGUDXOLF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW PDWHULDO PHWDO UXEEHU RSHUDWLQJ PRGH K\GUDXOLF

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

DPRUWLVVHXU VXVSHQVLRQ GX PRWHXU G¦PSIHU PRWRUODJHUXQJ χτϕόϖωϏϠ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ DPRUWLJXDGRU VXVSHQVLµQ GHO PRWRU DPRUWHFHGRU VXVSHQV¥R GR PRWRU

WDPSRQ VXSRUW PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU VWHHO

EXIIHU HQJLQH PRXQWLQJ DPRUWLVVHXU VXVSHQVLRQ GX PRWHXU G¦PSIHU PRWRUODJHUXQJ χτϕόϖωϏϠ ϓϒψφωϕώτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ DPRUWLJXDGRU VXVSHQVLµQ GHO PRWRU DPRUWHFHGRU VXVSHQV¥R GR PRWRU

VXSDSD HJU HJU YDOYH YDQQH DJU DJU YHQWLO ώϏτϓτϑ φϒϋφϔτϖτ ϒχ Y£OYXOD DJU Y£OYXOD GH UHFLUFXOD©¥R GRV JDVHV GH HVFDSH

226


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

MRMD XOHL RLO GLSVWLFN MDXJH GH QLYHDX G KXLOH ¸OSHLOVWDE ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ ϗϔϒφϑϣ ϐτϕϏτ YDULOOD GHO QLYHO GH DFHLWH YDUHWD GR Q¯YHO GH µOHR

MRMD XOHL RLO GLSVWLFN MDXJH GH QLYHDX G KXLOH ¸OSHLOVWDE ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ ϗϔϒφϑϣ ϐτϕϏτ YDULOOD GHO QLYHO GH DFHLWH YDUHWD GR Q¯YHO GH µOHR

227


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

VXSRUW UDGLDWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD PDWHULDO DOXPLQX

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQX

UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

VXSRUW UDGLDWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD PDWHULDO DOXPLQX ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQX

UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

WDPSRQ IL[DUH UDGLDWRU UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

228

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD SDUWHD LQIHULRUDUD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU LQIHULRU SDUW PDWHULDO UXEEHU


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

FRQGHQVDWRU FOLPDWL]DUH FRQGHQVHU DLU FRQGLWLRQLQJ FRQGHQVHXU FOLPDWLVDWLRQ

JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQX IDUD XVFDWRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L +L )OH[

WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP ZLWKRXW GU\HU

NRQGHQVDWRU NOLPDDQODJH ώϒϑψωϑϕτϖϒϔ ώϒϑψόϚόϒϑωϔ FRQGHQVDGRU DLUH DFRQGLFLRQDGR FRQGHQVDGRU DU FRQGLFLRQDGR

FRQGHQVDWRU FOLPDWL]DUH FRQGHQVHU DLU FRQGLWLRQLQJ FRQGHQVHXU FOLPDWLVDWLRQ

JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQX FX XVFDWRU WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP ZLWK GU\HU

NRQGHQVDWRU NOLPDDQODJH ώϒϑψωϑϕτϖϒϔ ώϒϑψόϚόϒϑωϔ FRQGHQVDGRU DLUH DFRQGLFLRQDGR FRQGHQVDGRU DU FRQGLFLRQDGR

229


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

230


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

PRWRU HOHFWULF YHQWLODWRU HOHFWULF PRWRU UDGLDWRU IDQ PRWHXU «OHFWULTXH YHQWLODWHXU SRXU UDGLDWHXUV HOHNWURPRWRU N¾KOHUO¾IWHU ϡϏωώϖϔϒψφόχτϖωϏϠ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔ ϔτψότϖϒϔτ PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GHO UDGLDGRU PRWRU HO«FWULFR YHQWLODGRU GR UDGLDGRU

FRQGXFWD SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

231


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

FRQGXFWD SLSH WX\DXWHULH URKUOHLWXQJ ϖϔϗυϒϓϔϒφϒψ WXEHU¯D WXERV

FDUFDVD WHUPRVWDW WKHUPRVWDW KRXVLQJ ER°WLHU GX WKHUPRVWDW WKHUPRVWDWJHK¦XVH ώϒϔϓϗϕ ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖτ FDMD GHO WHUPRVWDWR FDL[D GR WHUPµVWDWR

WHPSHUDWXUD GH GHVFKLGHUH rF RSHQLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH rF

WHUPRVWDW OLFKLG UDFLUH WKHUPRVWDW FRRODQW WKHUPRVWDW G HDX WKHUPRVWDW N¾KOPLWWHO ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ WHUPRVWDWR UHIULJHUDQWH WHUPµVWDWR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

232


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

WHPSHUDWXUD GH GHVFKLGHUH rF RSHQLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH rF

WHUPRVWDW OLFKLG UDFLUH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 03, /3* 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

WKHUPRVWDW FRRODQW WKHUPRVWDW G HDX WKHUPRVWDW N¾KOPLWWHO ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ WHUPRVWDWR UHIULJHUDQWH WHUPµVWDWR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

VHQ]RU WHPSHUDWXUD OLFKLG UDFLUH FRRODQW WHPSHUDWXUH VHQVRU VRQGH GH WHPS«UDWXUH OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW N¾KOPLWWHOWHPSHUDWXU VH QVRU ϖωϐϓωϔτϖϗϔϑϟύ ψτϖϛόώ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝωύ ϊόψώϒϕϖό VHQVRU WHPS UHIULJHUDQWH VHQVRU GD WHPSHUDWXUD GR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

233


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

UH]HUYRU DSD VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDVKHU IOXLG WDQN ZLQGRZ FOHDQLQJ U«VHUYRLU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUEHK¦OWHU VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ψϏϣ φϒψϟ ψϏϣ ϛόϕϖώό

GHSµVLWR GHO DJXD GH ODYDGR ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV GHSµVLWR GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP UDFLUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FRROLQJ V\VWHP

EXVRQ YDV H[SDQVLXQH FDS UDGLDWRU ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU GH OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW YHUVFKOX¡GHFNHO N¾KOPLWWHOEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝωύ ϊόψώϒϕϖό WDSµQ GHSµVLWR GH UHIULJHUDQWH WDPSD GHSµVLWR GR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

234


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

YDV GH H[SDQVLXQH UDFLUH

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

H[SDQVLRQ WDQN FRRODQW YDVH G H[SDQVLRQ OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW DXVJOHLFKVEHK¦OWHU N¾KOPLWWHO ώϒϐϓωϑϕτϚόϒϑϑϟύ υτώ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ GHSµVLWR FRPSHQVDFLµQ UHIULJHUDQWH GHSµVLWR GH FRPSHQVD©¥R UHIULJHUDQWH

235


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

PDWHULDO FDXFLXF

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

PDWHULDO UXEEHU WDPSRQ FDXFLXF DPRUWL]RU HVDSDPHQW UXEEHU EXIIHU VLOHQFHU EXW«H «ODVWLTXH VLOHQFLHX[ DQVFKODJSXIIHU VFKDOOG¦PSIHU υϗϘωϔ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ DOPRKDGLOOD GH WRSH VLOHQFLDGRU EDWHQWH GH HQFRVWR VLOHQFLDGRU

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

236

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 G&L 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 G&L

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 03, /3* 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52

H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

WRED HVDSDPHW LQWHUPHGLDUD

WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

PLGGOH VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ FHQWUDO PLWWHOVFKDOOG¦PSIHU ϕϔωψϑόύ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ VLOHQFLDGRU GHO PHGLR SDQHOD GH HVFDSH FHQWUDO

237


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

SURLHFWRU FHDWD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD GUHDSWD EHF K Z

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW ULJKW EXOE K Z

IRJ OLJKW SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR DQWLQLHEOD IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SHQWUX SURLHFWRU FHDWD IRU IRJ ODPS

FDEODM SURLHFWRU FHDWD KDUQHVV IRJ OLJKW NLW GH F¤EOHV SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG NDEHOVDW] QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ώτυωϏϠϑϟύ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ KD] GH FDEOHV IDUR DQWLQLHEOD MRJR GH FDERV IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

ODPSD LOXPLQDUH QXPDU FLUFXODWLH OLFHQFH SODWH ODPS IHX «FODLUHXU GH SODTXH NHQQ]HLFKHQOHXFKWH ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϒϕφωϝωϑόϣ ϑϒϐωϔϑϒχϒ ϋϑτώτ SLORWR GH PDWU¯FXOD OX] GH FKDSD GH PDWU¯FXOD

238

SDUWH PRQWDUH EDUD VSDWH LOXPLQDUH QXPDU LQPDWULFXODUH

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU EXPEHU OLJKWLQJ UHJLVWUDWLRQ QXPEHU


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

RJOLQGD UHWURYL]RDUH LQWHULRDUD LQWHULRU PLUURU U«WURYLVHXU LQW«ULHXU LQQHQVSLHJHO φϑϗϖϔωϑϑωω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU LQWHULRU UHWURYLVRU LQWHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

239


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD VWDQJD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU OHIW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD GUHDSWD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU ULJKW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

DPRUWL]RU SRUWEDJDM JDV VSULQJ ERRW UHVVRUW SQHXPDWLTXH FRIIUH ¢ EDJDJHV FRPSDUWLPHQW ¢ EDJDJHV JDVIHGHU NRIIHU ODGHUDXP ϗϓϔϗχόύ ϡϏωϐωϑϖ ώϔϟϜώτ υτχτϊϑόώτ ϓϒϐωϝωϑόϣ ψϏϣ χϔϗϋτ PXHOOH QHXP£WLFR PDOHWHUR FRPSDUWLPHQW R GH FDUJD PROD SQHXP£WLFD PDOD FRPSDUWLPHQWR GH FDUJD

240

OXQJLPH >PP@ FXUVD >PP@ IRUWD GH HMHFWDUH Q GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWUX WLMD >PP@ OHQJWK>PP@ VWURNH >PP@ HMHFW IRUFH Q GLDPHWHU >PP@ URG GLDPHWHU >PP@


CAROSERIE CAROSERIE •• BODY BODY PARTS PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD H[WHULRU IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV

EDQGRX SURWHFWLH SRUWLHUD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ GRRU RXWHU SDUW IURQW OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG

WULP SURWHFWLRQ VWULS GRRU

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EDJXHWWH HW EDQGH SURWHFWULFH SRUWH ]LHU VFKXW]OHLVWH W¾U ϒυϏόϚϒφώτ ϋτϝόϖϑτϣ ϑτώϏτψώτ ψφωϔϠ OLVWµQ HPEHOOHFHGRU SURWHFWRU SXHUWD IULVR SRUWD

SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD H[WHULRU VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV

EDQGRX SURWHFWLH SRUWLHUD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ GRRU RXWHU SDUW UHDU OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG

WULP SURWHFWLRQ VWULS GRRU EDJXHWWH HW EDQGH SURWHFWULFH SRUWH ]LHU VFKXW]OHLVWH W¾U ϒυϏόϚϒφώτ ϋτϝόϖϑτϣ ϑτώϏτψώτ ψφωϔϠ OLVWµQ HPEHOOHFHGRU SURWHFWRU SXHUWD IULVR SRUWD

241


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH IDWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ERG\ IURQW

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

GLX]D VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDVKHU IOXLG MHW ZLQGVFUHHQ JLFOHXU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUG¾VH VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔτϕϓϟϏόϖωϏϠ φϒψϟ ψϏϣ ϛόϕϖώό ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ WREHUD GH DJXD UHJDGRUD ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV HMHFWRU GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

EUDW VWHUJDWRU SDUEUL] ZLSHU DUP ZLQGVFUHHQ ZDVKHU EUDV G HVVXLH JODFH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZLVFKDUP VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϕϖωώϏϒϒϛόϕϖόϖωϏϣ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ EUD]R GHO OLPSLDSDUDEULVDV ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV EUD©R GH OLPSD YLGURV OLPSH]D GH YLGURV

242

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD WLS FDUOLJ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW ULJKW KRRN W\SH


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

EUDW VWHUJDWRU SDUEUL]

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD WLS FDUOLJ

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW KRRN W\SH

ZLSHU DUP ZLQGVFUHHQ ZDVKHU EUDV G HVVXLH JODFH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZLVFKDUP VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔϟϛτχ ϕϖωώϏϒϒϛόϕϖόϖωϏϣ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ EUD]R GHO OLPSLDSDUDEULVDV ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV EUD©R GH OLPSD YLGURV OLPSH]D GH YLGURV

VHW PRQWDM XVD PRXQWLQJ NLW GRRU NLW G DVVHPEODJH SRUWH PRQWDJHVDW] W¾U ϐϒϑϖτϊϑϟύ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ψφωϔϠ NLW GH PRQWDMH SXHUWD NLW GH PRQWDJHP SRUWD

PDWHULDO SODVWLF DEV PDWHULDO DEV SODVWLF

PDQHU GHVFKLGHUH FDSRWD PRWRU KDQGOH ERQQHW UHOHDVH SRLJQ«H G«YHUURXLOODJH GX FDSRW JULII PRWRUKDXEHQHQWUL HJHOXQJ ϔϗϛώτ ϒϖώϔϟφτϑόϣ ϐϒϖϒϔϑϒχϒ ϒϖϕωώτ DVD GHVEORTXHR FDSµ PDQ¯SXOR DEHUWXUD GR FDSRW

243


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

FDEOX FDSRWD PRWRU ERQQHW FDEOH WLUHWWH GH FDSRW PRWHXU PRWRUKDXEHQ]XJ ϖϔϒϕόώ ϋτϐώτ ώτϓϒϖτ FDEOH GHO FDSµ GHO PRWRU FDER GR FDSRW GR PRWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH KDELWDFOX VHW IL[DUH XVLWD FRPSDUWLPHQW GHSR]LWDUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQWHURU

IL[DUH XVD GRRU FDWFK FDOH SRUWH W¾UIHVWVWHOOHU Ϙόώϕτϖϒϔ ψφωϔό DVHJXUDGRU SXHUWD EORTXHDGRU GD SRUWD

FXWLH FX VLJXUDQWH IXVH ER[ ER°WH ¢ IXVLEOHV VLFKHUXQJVNDVWHQ ώϒϔϒυώτ ϓϔωψϒϙϔτϑόϖωϏωύ FDMD GH IXVLEOHV FDL[D GH IXV¯YHLV

244


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

FDSDF FXWLH FX VLJXUDQWH FDS IXVH ER[ ERQQHWWH ER°WH ¢ IXVLEOHV NDSSH VLFKHUXQJVNDVWHQ ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ώϒϔϒυώτ ϓϔωψϒϙϔτϑόϖωϏωύ WDSD FDMD GH IXVLEOHV WDPSD FDL[D GH IXV¯YHLV

FDSDF UH]HUYRU OLFKLG GH VSDODUH SDUEUL] FDS ZDVKHU IOXLG WDQN ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH YHUVFKOX¡ ZDVFKZDVVHUEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ψϏϣ φϒψϟ WDSD GHSµVLWR GHO DJXD GH ODYDGR WDPSD GHSµVLWR GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

DQWHQD DQWHQQD

OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [ OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG GLDPHWHU P [

DQWHQQH DQWHQQH τϑϖωϑϑτ DQWHQD DQWHQD

245


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

VRFOX DQWHQD

UHJODELO ส ยน ส

ILOHW P [ DGMXVWDEOH ส ยน ส

WKUHDG P [

DQWHQQD KHDG

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

WยฌWH G DQWHQQH DQWHQQHQNRSI ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FDEH]D GH DQWHQD FDEHยฉD GH DQWHQD

EDUH SRUWEDJDM URRI UDFN ORDG EDUV

PDWHULDO RWHO FX VHFWLXQH GUHSWXQJKLXODUD VDUFLQD PD[LPD NJ NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV PDWHULDO VWHHO UHFWDQJXODU VHFWLRQ PD[LPXP ORDG NJ PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

EDUUH GH SRUWH EDJDJHV GDFKWUยฆJHUVWDQJH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ EDUUD GH SRUWDHTXLSDMHV GH WHFKR EDUUD GH VXSRUWH GH WHMDGLOKR

EDUH SRUWEDJDM URRI UDFN ORDG EDUV EDUUH GH SRUWH EDJDJHV GDFKWUยฆJHUVWDQJH ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ EDUUD GH SRUWDHTXLSDMHV GH WHFKR EDUUD GH VXSRUWH GH WHMDGLOKR

246

PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX VDUFLQD PD[LPD NJ NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP PD[LPXP ORDG NJ PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

FOLS FOLS

VHW EXF PHQWLQHUH FDUHQDM DULSD LQWHULRDUD

PDWHULDO SODVWLF

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

VHW SFV IRU IDVWHQLQJ WKH PXGJXDUG PDWHULDO SODVWLF

FOLS FOLS ϓϔϗϊόϑϑϟύ ϋτϊόϐ JUDSD FOLS

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

SDQRX SDVDM URDWD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH ULJKW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

SDQHOOLQJ PXGJXDUG JDUQLWXUH SDVVDJH GH URXH YHUNOHLGXQJ UDGKDXV ϒυϜόφώτ ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR SDVDUUXHGDV FREHUWXUD FDYD GD URGD

SDUWH PRQWDUH IDWD VWDQJD PDWHULDO SODVWLF FX UH]LVWHQWD VSRULWD OD VRF

SDQRX SDVDM URDWD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW PDWHULDO SODVWLF ZLWK KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR VKRFN

SDQHOOLQJ PXGJXDUG JDUQLWXUH SDVVDJH GH URXH YHUNOHLGXQJ UDGKDXV ϒυϜόφώτ ώϒϏωϕϑτϣ ϑόϜτ UHYHVWLPLHQWR SDVDUUXHGDV FREHUWXUD FDYD GD URGD

247


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

MDQWD ULP MDQWH IHOJH

GLDPHWUXO MDQWHL ૻ ODWLPHD MDQWHL M HW PP JDXUL SULQGHUH [ [ PP PDWHULDOH RO D D

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

GLDPHWHU ZLGWK M HW RIIVHW PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV [ [ PP PDWHULDO RO D D

ψόϕώ OODQWD MDQWH

MDQWD ULP MDQWH IHOJH

GLDPHWUXO MDQWHL ૻ ODWLPHD MDQWHL M HW PP JDXUL SULQGHUH [ [ PP PDWHULDOH RO D D GLDPHWHU ZLGWK M HW RIIVHW PP PRXQWLQJ KROHV [ [ PP PDWHULDO RO D D

ψόϕώ OODQWD MDQWH

JULOD YHQWLODWLH EDUD SURWHFWLH YHQWLODWLRQ JULOOH EXPSHU JULOOH GH YHQWLODWLRQ SDUH FKRFV O¾IWXQJVJLWWHU VWR¡I¦QJHU ϔωϜωϖώτ φωϑϖόϏϣϖϒϔτ υϗϘωϔ UHMLOOD GH YHQWLODFLµQ SDUDFKRTXHV JUHOKD GH YHQWLODGRU S£UD FKRTXHV

248


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

5

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU ULJKW UDPD SURLHFWRU FHDWD IUDPH IRJ OLJKW FDGUH SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG UDKPHQ QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϔτϐτ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ FDUFDVD IDUR DQWLQLHEOD UHERUGR IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ IURQW EXPSHU OHIW

UDPD SURLHFWRU FHDWD IUDPH IRJ OLJKW FDGUH SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG UDKPHQ QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϔτϐτ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ FDUFDVD IDUR DQWLQLHEOD UHERUGR IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

FDGUX PRWRU HQJLQH IUDPH SORW GH EHUFHDX KLOIVUDKPHQ φϕϓϒϐϒχτϖωϏϠϑτϣ ϔτϐτ EDVWLGRU DX[LOLDU VXEFKDVVLV JUXSR GH VXSRUWH

249


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS '$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

VFXW PRWRU VNLG SODWH SURWHFWLRQ PRWHXU DQWL H QFDVWUHPHQW PRWRU XQWHUIDKUVFKXW] ϋτϝόϖτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ ϓϒψψϒϑτ ψφόχτϖωϏϣ SURWHFFLµQ PRWRU HPSRWUDPLHQWR SURWHF©¥R GR PRWRU LQIHULRU

SRODULWDWH SROL FX VWHFKHU PRQWDW OXQJLPH FDEOX PP SHQWUX GLVSR]LWLY UHPRUFDUH

FDEOX GH FRQHFWDUH VLVW GH VWDELOL]DUH UHPRUFD

SRODULW\ SROHV ZLWK SOXJ ILWWHG HQJWK PP IRU WUDLOHU FRXSOLQJ GHYLFH

FRQQHFWLQJ FDEOH WUDLOHU VWDELOLVLQJ V\VWHP F¤EOH GH FRQQH[LRQ V\VWªPH VWDELOLVDWHXU GH OD UHPRUTXH DQVFKOX¡NDEHO DQK¦QJH UVWDELOLVLHUXQJVV\VWHP ϕϒωψόϑόϖωϏϠϑϟύ ώτυωϏϠ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϚόό ϓϒψφωϕώό FDEOH FRQH[LµQ VLVWHPD HVWDELOL]DFLµQ UHPROTXH FDER GH OLJD©¥R VLVWHPD GH HVWDELOL]D©¥R GR UHERTXH

250

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

FDUOLJ UHPRUFDUH WRZKRRN FURFKHW GH UHPRUTXDJH DEVFKOHSSKDNHQ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯขฯ JDQFKR GH DUUDVWUH JDQFKR GH UHERTXH

NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV GLDPHWUXO URWXOHL GH FXSODUH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD EUDWXOXL URWXOHL PP PDWHULDOH ROF JUHXWDWH PD[ WUDFWDWD NJ JUHXWDWH PD[ DXWRUL]DWD YHKLFXO NJ UHXWDWH PD[ GLVSR]LWLY NJ VDUFLQD YHUWLFDOD V NJ FDUDFWHULVWLFD G NQ WLSXO DSUREDULL HF WLPS PRQWDUH RUD

'$&,$ 6$1'(52 9 9 %LIXHO 03, /3* G&L 03, 5(1$8/7 6$1'(52 +L )OH[ G&L +L )OH[

PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG FRXSOLQJ NQHHFDS GLDPHWHU ยบ PP NQHHFDS DUP OHQJWK PP PDWHULDOV ROF PD[LPXP WRZHG ZHLJKW NJ DXWKRUL]HG PD[LPXP YHKLFOH ZHLJKW NJ GHYLFH PD[LPXP ZHLJKW NJ V YHUWLFDO ORDG NJ IHDWXUH G NQ W\SH DSSURYDO HF LQVWDOODWLRQ WLPH KU

251



DACIA Renault DUSTER


Variants DACIA DUSTER 1.5 dCi DACIA DUSTER 1.5 dCi DACIA DUSTER 1.5 dCi DACIA DUSTER 1.5 dCi 4x4 DACIA DUSTER 1.5 dCi 4x4 DACIA DUSTER 1.5 dCi 4x4 DACIA DUSTER 1.6 16V DACIA DUSTER 1.6 16V 4x4 DACIA DUSTER 1.6 16V LPG

Year 2010.04 >> 2010.10 >> 2010.06 >> 2010.10 >> 2010.06 >> 2010.10 >> 2010.04 >> 2010.06 >> 2011.04 >>

kW 63 66 79 66 79 81 77 77 74

CP 86 90 107 90 107 110 105 105 100

cm続 1461 1461 1461 1461 1461 1461 1598 1598 1598


DIRECTIE • STEERING

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L 9 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L 9 9 /3*

ELHOHWD VXVSHQVLH VWDELOL]DWRU OLQN VWDELOLVHU HQWUHWRLVH WLJH VWDELOLVDWHXU VWDQJH VWUHEH VWDELOLVDWRU ϖϣχτ ϕϖϒύώτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϖϒϔ WUDYHVD³RV EDUUDV HVWDELOL]DGRU EDUUD HVFRUD EDUUD HVWDELOL]DGRUD

EXWXF URDWD ZKHHO KXE

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDOH FU FU PDWULWDW VWDV ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDOV FU FU PROGLQJ VWDV

PR\HX GH URXH UDGQDEH ϕϖϗϓόϚτ ώϒϏωϕτ FXER GH UXHGD FXER GD URGD

VHW UXOPHQW URDWD ZKHHO EHDULQJ NLW MHX GH URXOHPHQWV GH URXH UDGODJHUVDW]

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW ODWLPH PP GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU PP GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU PP ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW NLW LQFOXGHV EHDULQJ FLUFOHFOLS D[OH QXW EHDULQJ VL]H ZLGWK PP LQQHU GLDPHWHU PP RXWWHU GLDPHWHU PP

ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώτ ϕϖϗϓόϚϟ ώϒϏωϕτ MXHJR GH FRMLQHWH GH UXHGD MRJR GH URODPHQWRV GH URGD

255


SUSPENSIE • SUSPENSION

UXOPHQW VDUFLQD VXSRUW DUF VXVSHQVLRQ VWUXW VXSSRUW EHDULQJ EXW«H VLPSOH GH MDPEH «ODVWLTXH IHGHUEHLQVW¾W]ODJHU ϒϓϒϔτ ϕϖϒύώό τϐϒϔϖόϋτϖϒϔτ FRMLQHWH FROXPQD VXVSHQVLµQ VXSRUWH GH DSRLR GR FRQMXQWR PROD DPRUWHFHGRU

256

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF PHWDO ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO UXEEHU PHWDO

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SDUWH PRQWDUH SODQHWDUD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VSUH URDWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FY MRLQW OHIW ULJKW ZKHHO VLGH

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

DQVDPEOX EXUGXI DUWLFXODWLH SODQHWDUD EHOORZ GULYH VKDIW MHX GH MRLQWV VRXIIOHWV DUEUH GH FRPPDQGH IDOWHQEDOJVDW] DQWULHEVZHOOH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϟϏϑόώτ ϓϔόφϒψϑϒύ φτϏ MXHJR GH IXHOOHV £UERO GH WUDQVPLVLµQ MRJR GH IROHV YHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R

VHW XO FRQWLQH EXF SODFD SUHVLXQH EXF GLVF DPEUHLDM EXF UXOPHQW SUHVLXQH

VHW DPEUHLDM

WKH NLW FRQWDLQV SF FOXWFK SODWH SF FOXWFK GLVF SF EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH

FOXWFK NLW NLW G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ NLW GH HPEUDJXH NLW GH HPEUDLDJHP

GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@

SODFD SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM FOXWFK SUHVVXUH SODWH P«FDQLVPH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVGUXFNSODWWH ϑτϊόϐϑϒύ ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ SODWR GH SUHVLµQ GHO HPEUDJXH SUDWR GD HPEUDLDJHP

257


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

GLVF DPEUHLDM FOXWFK GLVF GLVTXH G HPEUD\DJH NXSSOXQJVVFKHLEH

GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP QXPDUXO DUFXULORU GH SUHOXDUH D VRFXULORU VXSUDIDWD DFWLYD D IHURGRXOXL FPt R IDWD SURILO EXWXF [ Q QXPDU GLQWL GLDPHWHU >PP@ QXPEHU VSULQJV IHURGR DUHD FPt VLGH KXE SURILOH [ Q QXPEHU RI WHHWK

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ψόϕώ ϕϚωϓϏωϑόϣ GLVFR GH HPEUDJXH GLVFR GH HPEUDLDJHP

UXOPHQW GH SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM UHOHDVHU EXW«H G HPEUD\DJH DXVU¾FNODJHU φϟϊόϐϑϒύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH GHVHPEUDJXH

GLDPHWUXO JXOHUXOXL GH DFWLRQDUH D SODFLL GH SUHVLXQH >PP@ LQWHULRU H[WHULRU GLDPHWUXO H[WHULRU DO UXOPHQWXOXL >PP@ GLDPHWUXO FDQDOXOXL GH FXOLVDUH SH SUL]D GH SXWHUH >PP@ GLVWDQWD LQWUH HOHPHQWHOH GH IL[DUH D IXUFLL GH DFWLRQDUH >PP@ LQDOWLPHD UXOPHQWXOXL GH SUHVLXQH >PP@ GLDPHWHU RI WKH GULYH FROODU SUHVVXUH SODWH >PP@ LQQHU RXWWHU RXWHU GLDPHWHU RI WKH EHDULQJ >PP@ FKDQQHO GLDPHWHU VOLGH RQ WKH SWR >PP@ GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ IDVWHQHUV WR GULYH IRUN >PP@ EHDULQJ SUHVVXUH KHLJKW >PP@

URODPHQWR GH GHVHPEUDLDJHP

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP WUDQVPLVLH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ WUDQVPLWLRQ V\VWHP

UXOPHQW GH SUHVLXQH DPEUHLDM UHOHDVHU EXW«H G HPEUD\DJH DXVU¾FNODJHU φϟϊόϐϑϒύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH GHVHPEUDJXH URODPHQWR GH GHVHPEUDLDJHP

258


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH FX FDQHOXUL Y ULEEHG EHOWV FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV

SN SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX VHUYRGLUHFWLH DVLVWDWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ODWLPH >PP@ QXPDU FDQHOXUL

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW PDQXDO VWHHULQJ OHQJWK >PP@ ZLGWK >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ FRUUHD WUDSHFLDO SROL Y FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD SROL Y SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

259


TRANSMISIE • TRANSMISSION

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD WUDQVPLVLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ Y ULEEHG EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH WUDS«]R±GDOH ¢ QHUYXUHV VSDQQUROOH NHLOULSSHQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϓϒϏόώϏόϑϒφϒύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD WUDSH]RLGDO FRQ GHQWDGR LQWHULRU UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD WUDSH]RLGDO HVWULDGD

260

PRWRUL]DULOH GFL SHQWUX YHKLFXOH FX DF PRWRUL]DULOH Y SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD DF GFL HQJLQHV IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWK DF Y HQJLQHV IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW DF


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

VHW FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW NLW NLW GH GLVWULEXWLRQ ]DKQULHPHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϔωϐϑϣ χϔϐ MXHJR GH FRUUHDV GHQWDGDV MRJR GH FRUUHLDV GHQWDGDV

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

261


DISTRIBUTIE • BELT DRIVE

SRPSD DSD ZDWHU SXPS SRPSH ¢ HDX ZDVVHUSXPSH φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DJXD ERPED GH £JXD

GLDPHWUXO UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP LQDOWLPHD UROHL GH DFWLRQDUH PP QXPDUXO SDOHWHORU GLDPHWUXO URWRUXOXL FX SDOHWH PP FRUSXO SRPSHL HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX UROD GH DFWLRQDUH VL D[XO VXQW UHDOL]DWH GLQ RWHO LQR[LGDELO URWRUXO FX SDOHWH HVWH UHDOL]DW GLQWU XQ DOLDM GH DODPD URWRUXO FX SDOHWH HVWH UHDOL]DW SULQ WXUQDUH VL SUHOXFUDUHD FRWHL GH PRQWDM SH D[XO SRPSHL

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

JHDU UROOHU GLDPHWHU PP JHDU UROOHU KHLJKW PP QXPEHU RI SDOOHWV URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV GLDPHWHU PP SXPS ERG\ LV DOXPLQXP WKH JHDU UROOHU DQG D[OH DUH PDGH RI VWDLQOHVV VWHHO WKH URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV LV PDGH IURP D EUDVV DOOR\ WKH URWRU ZLWK SDOOHWV LV UHDOL]HG E\ FDVWLQJ DQG WKUX WKH SURFHVVLQJ RI WKH DVVHPEO\ OLVWLQJ RQ WKH SXPS D[OH

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

UROD LQWLQ]DWRU FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH WHQVLRQHU SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH WHQGHXU FRXUURLH FUDQW«H VSDQQUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϑτϖϣϊϑϒύ ϔϒϏόώ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ SROHD WHQVRUD FRUUHD GHQWDGD UROR WHQVRU FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

262


DISTRIBUTIE DISTRIBUTIE •• BELT BELT DRIVE DRIVE

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

UROD JKLGDUH FRQGXFHUH FXUHD GLVWULEXWLH GHIOHFWLRQ JXLGH SXOOH\ WLPLQJ EHOW SRXOLH UHQYRL WUDQVPLVVLRQ FRXUURLH GH GLVWULEXWLRQ XPOHQN I¾KUXQJVUROOH ]DKQULHPHQ ϓτϔτϋόϖϑϟύ φωψϗϝόύ ϔϒϏόώ ϋϗυϛτϖϟύ ϔωϐωϑϠ SROHD LQYHUVLµQ JX¯D FRUUHD GLVWULEXFLµQ SROLD GH GHVYLR GH JXLD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

FXUHD GH GLVWULEXWLH WLPLQJ EHOW FRXUURLH FUDQW«H ]DKQULHPHQ ϔωϐωϑϠ χϔϐ FRUUHD GHQWDGD FRUUHLD GHQWDGD

263


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

GLVF IUDQD EUDNH GLVF GLVTXH GH IUHLQ EUHPVVFKHLEH ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ψόϕώ GLVFR GH IUHQR

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD PDWHULDO IRQWD FX JUDILW ODPHODU GXULWDWH KE GH]HFKLOLEUXO UDGLDO PD[ JU FP UXJR]LWDWH wP GLDPHWUXO GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD GLVFXOXL PP JURVLPHD PLQLPD PP

5 5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L 9 9 /3*

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW PDWHULDO FDVW LURQ ZLWK ODPHOODU JUDSKLWH KDUGQHVV KE UDGLDO GLVHTXLOLEULXP PD[ JU FP URXJKQHVV wP GLVF GLDPHWHU PP GLVF WKLFNQHVV PP

GLVFR GH WUDY¥R

VHW SODFXWH IUDQD IUDQD GLVF EUDNH SDG VHW GLVF EUDNH NLW GH SODTXHWWHV GH IUHLQ IUHLQ ¢ GLVTXH EUHPVEHODJVDW] VFKHLEHQEUHPVH

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD VHW EXF OXQJLPH >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ OXQJLPH >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW D[OH OHIW ULJKW VHW SFV OHQJWK >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ OHQJWK >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@

ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϟϙ ώϒϏϒψϒώ ψόϕώϒφϟύ ϖϒϔϐϒϋ MXHJR GH SDVWLOODV GH IUHQR MRJR GH SDVWLOKDV SDUD WUDY¥R GH GLVFR

VHW VDERWL IUDQD EUDNH VKRH VHW MHX GH P¤FKRLUHV GH IUHLQ EUHPVEDFNHQVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϟϙ ώϒϏϒψϒώ MXHJR GH ]DSDWDV GH IUHQRV MRJR GH PD[LODV GH WUDY¥R

264

SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD UD]D PP ODWLPHD PP ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW UDGLXV PP ZLGWK PP


FRANARE • BRAKE SYSTEM

IOH[LELO SDUWH PRQWDUH SXQWH VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [

IXUWXQ IUDQD

IOH[LEOH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ UHDU D[OH OHIW ULJKW OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG P [

EUDNH KRVH IOH[LEOH GH IUHLQ

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

EUHPVVFKODXFK ϖϒϔϐϒϋϑϒύ ϜϏτϑχ WXER IOH[LEOH GH IUHQRV WXER IOH[¯YHO GH WUDY¥R

265


FILTRARE • FILTERS

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX VLPHULQJ >PP@ GLPHQVLXQH ILOHW >PP@ P [ °QDOWLPH >PP@ PP

ILOWUX XOHL

GLDPHWHU >PP@ VHDO GLDPHWHU >PP@ WKUHDG VL]H >PP@ P [ KHLJKW >PP@ PP

RLO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ KXLOH

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

¸OILOWHU ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DFHLWH ILOWUR GH µOHR

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU

GLDPHWUX >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ SUHSDUDUH FRPEXVWLELO LQMHFWLH EHQ]LQD GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@ GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ IXHO PL[WXUH IRUPDWLRQ SHWURO LQMHFWLRQ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@

ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

ILOWUX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIIILOWHU ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR FRPEXVWLEOH ILOWUR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

266

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ °QDOWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH >PP@ GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH >PP@ ILOHW P [ GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ LQOHW ě >PP@ RXWOHW ě >PP@ WKUHDG P [


FILTRARE • FILTERS

ILOWUX DHU DLU ILOWHU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP

ILOWUX DHU

OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

DLU ILOWHU ILOWUH ¢ DLU OXIWILOWHU φϒϋψϗϜϑϟύ ϘόϏϠϖϔ ILOWUR GH DLUH ILOWUR GH DU

ILOWUX DHU KDELWDFOX ILOWHU LQWHULRU DLU

OXQJLPH PP ODWLPH PP LQDOWLPH PP OHQJWK PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP

ILOWUH DLU GH O KDELWDFOH ILOWHU LQQHQUDXPOXIW ϘόϏϠϖϔ φϒϋψϗϙ φϒ φϑϗϖϔωϑϑϒϐ ϓϔϒϕϖϔτϑϕϖφω ILOWUR DLUH KDELW£FXOR ILOWUR DU GR KDELW£FXOR

267


APRINDERE • IGNITION $ $ $

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

OXQJLPHD HOHFWURGXOXL DFWLY PP OXQJLPH WRWDOD PP KH[DJRQ VWULQJHUH PP [ PP ILOHW VWULQJHUH P [ PP

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

ILOHW H[WHULRU PP SDV ILOHW >PP@ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ GHVFKLGHUH FKHLH SR]LWLD VFDQWHLL PP QXPDU SROL

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ERELQD GH LQGXFWLH FRLO LJQLWLRQ ERELQH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGVSXOH ώτϖϗϜώτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ ERELQD GH HQFHQGLGR ERELQD GH LJQL©¥R

EXMLH LQFDQGHVFHQWD JORZ SOXJ ERXJLH GH SU«FKDXIIDJH JO¾KNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϑτώτϏόφτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH SUHFDOHQWDPLHQWR YHOD GH LQFDQGHVF¬QFLD

EXMLL VFDQWHLH VSDUN SOXJ ERXJLH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH HQFHQGLGR YHOD GH LJQL©¥R

268


APRINDERE • IGNITION

EXMLL VFDQWHLH VSDUN SOXJ

GLVWDQWD GLQWUH HOHFWUR]L >PP@ PRPHQW VWUDQJHUH >QP@ ILOHW H[WHULRU PP SDV ILOHW >PP@ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ GHVFKLGHUH FKHLH SR]LWLD VFDQWHLL PP QXPDU SROL

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

PDWHULDO VLOLFRQH WLS FRQHFWRUL VDH P

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ERXJLH G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGNHU]H ϕφωϛτ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ EXM¯D GH HQFHQGLGR YHOD GH LJQL©¥R

ILVH EXMLL LJQLWLRQ FDEOH IDLVFHDX G DOOXPDJH ]¾QGOHLWXQJ ϓϔϒφϒψ ϋτϊόχτϑόϣ FDEOH GH HQFHQGLGR FDER GH LJQL©¥R

269


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

VLVWHP DOLPHQWDUH FX FRPEXVWLELO IXHO IHHG XQLW XQLW« G LQMHFWLRQ GH FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRII I¸UGHUHLQKHLW ϡϏωϐωϑϖ ϕόϕϖωϐϟ ϓόϖτϑόϣ XQLGDG GH DOLPHQWDFLµQ GH FRPEXVWLEOH

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ UH]HUYRU FRPEXVWLELO SHQWUX YHKLFXOH IDUD VLVWHP UHWXU FRPEXVWLELO PRG GH RSHUDUH HOHFWULF GLDPHWUX >PP@ PP OXQJLPH >PP@ PP SUHVLXQH >EDU@ EDU SUHVLXQH >SVL@ SVL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y

5

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

SDUW RI SDUW RI

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQ WKH IXHO WDQN IRU YHKLFOHV ZLWKRXW IXHO UHWXUQ V\VWHP HOHFWULF RSHUDWLQJ PRGH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP OHQJWK >PP@ PP SUHVVXUH >EDU@ EDU SUHVVXUH >SVL@ SVL YROWDJH >Y@ Y

XQLGDGH GH DOLPHQWD©¥R GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

SDUWH GLQ VLVWHP DOLPHQWDUH FX FRPEXVWLELO FRPSRQHQW RI IXHO IHHG XQLW

SRPSD FRPEXVWLELO IXHO SXPS SRPSH ¢ FDUEXUDQW NUDIWVWRIISXPSH ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH FRPEXVWLEOH ERPED GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

JDUQLWXUD SRPSD FRPEXVWLELO JDVNHW IXHO SXPS MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« SRPSH ¢ FDUEXUDQW GLFKWXQJ NUDIWVWRIISXPSH ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ϖϒϓϏόφϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ MXQWD ERPED GH FRPEXVWLEOH MXQWD ERPED GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

270


ALIMENTARE • FUEL SUPPLY

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

EXVRQ UH]HUYRU GH FRPEXVWLELO FDS IXHO WDQN ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU GH FDUEXUDQW YHUVFKOX¡ NUDIWVWRIIEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϖϒϓϏόφϑϒύ υτώ WDSD GHSµVLWR GH FRPEXVWLEOH WDPSD GHSµVLWR GH FRPEXVW¯YHO

271


ELECTRICA โ ข ELECTRICS

FXUHQW GH LQFDUFDUH JHQHUDWRU >D@ D WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y HFKLSDW FX IXOLH FXUHD ยบ>PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL

JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FKDUJLQJ FXUUHQW JHQHUDWRU >D@ D YROWDJH >Y@ Y HTXLSSHG ZLWK D SXOOH\ EHOW ยบ>PP@ ULEV QXPEHU

DOWHUQDWRU DOWHUQDWHXU

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ DOWHUQDGRU DOWHUQDGRU

GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ LQDOWLPH >PP@ QXPDU QHUYXUL

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU

RXWHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHLJKW >PP@ QXPEHU RI ULEV

SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

IXOLH DOWHUQDWRU SXOOH\ DOWHUQDWRU SRXOLH DOWHUQDWHXU ULHPHQVFKHLEH JHQHUDWRU ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ SROHD DOWHUQDGRU SROLD DOWHUQDGRU

272

JURVLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ SURILO FDS VXUXE SLXOLWD KH[DJRQ LQWHULRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX QXPDU QHUYXUL WKLFNQHVV >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ H[WHULRU GLDPHWHU >PP@ KHDG VFUHZ QXW SURILOH LQQHU KH[DJRQ PDWHULDO DOXPLQXP QXPEHU RI ULEV


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

GLRGH GLRGH GLRGH GLRGH ψόϒψ GLRGR G¯RGR

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU UHJXODWRU DOWHUQDWRU UHJXODWRU DOWHUQDWRU U«JXODWHXU G DOWHUQDWHXU JHQHUDWRUUHJOHU ϔωχϗϏϣϖϒϔ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔτ UHJXODGRU GHO DOWHUQDGRU UHJXODGRU GR DOWHUQDGRU

UXOPHQW JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW PP [ [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ VL]HV PP [ [

EHDULQJ DOWHUQDWRU FRXVVLQHW DOWHUQDWHXU ODJHU JHQHUDWRU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ FRMLQHWH DOWHUQDGRU PDQFDO DOWHUQDGRU

273


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

UXOPHQW JHQHUDWRU DOWHUQDWRU

FRPSRQHQWD DOWHUQDWRU GLPHQVLXQL UXOPHQW PP [ [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPSRQHQW RI DOWHUQDWRU EHDULQJ VL]HV PP [ [

EHDULQJ DOWHUQDWRU FRXVVLQHW DOWHUQDWHXU ODJHU JHQHUDWRU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ χωϑωϔτϖϒϔ FRMLQHWH DOWHUQDGRU PDQFDO DOWHUQDGRU

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU

PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP QXPEHU RI WHHWK

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX

VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FDSDF HOHFWURPRWRU FDS VWDUWHU ERQQHWWH G«PDUUHXU NDSSH VWDUWHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ WDSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH WDPSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

274

WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP QXPDU GLQWL

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLXP

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

VWDWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDWRU VWDUWHU VWDWRU G«PDUUHXU VW¦QGHU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

EHQGL[ HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH EHDULQJ VWDUWHU SDOLHU GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ G«PDUUHXU DQWULHEVODJHU VWDUWHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ϕϒ ϕϖϒϔϒϑϟ ϓϔόφϒψτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ EHQGL[ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URODPHQWR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

275


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU SODWRX FDUEXQL HOHFWURPRWRU FDUERQ EUXVK VWDUWHU EDODLV G«PDUUHXU NRKOHE¾UVWH VWDUWHU ϗχϒϏϠϑτϣ ϝωϖώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVFRELOOD GH FDUEµQ DUUDQFDGRU HVFRYD GH FDUY¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU VROHQRLG HOHFWURPRWRU VROHQRLG VZLWFK VWDUWHU FRQWDFWHXU G«PDUUHXU PDJQHWVFKDOWHU VWDUWHU ϖϣχϒφϒω ϔωϏω ϕϖτϔϖωϔ LQWHUUXSWRU PDJQ«WLFR HVW£UWHU LQWHUUXSWRU HOHFWURPDJQ«WLFR PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU G«PDUUHXU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϔϖωϔ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

276

SDUWH PRQWDUH LQ IDWD PRWRUXOXL WHQVLXQH >Y@ Y SXWHUH HOHFWURPRWRU >NZ@ NZ FRQHFWRU FOHPD FX FOHPD MHW

QXPDUXO JDXULORU GH IL[DUH QXPDUXO JDXULORU ILOHWDWH GLUHFWLD GH URWDWLH URWDWLH LQ GLUHFWLD DFHORU GH FHDVRUQLF GLDPHWUX IODQVD >PP@ PP WLS FXWLH YLWH]D FX UHGXFWRU QXPDU GLQWL ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQ IURQW RI HQJLQH YROWDJH >Y@ Y SRZHU >NZ@ NZ FRQQHFWRU FODPS WKH FODPS MHW

QXPEHU RI PRXQWLQJ KROHV WKUHDGHG KROHV QXPEHU GLUHFWLRQ RI URWDWLRQ FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQ IODQJH GLDPHWHU >PP@ PP JHDUER[ W\SH ZLWK UHGXFWRU QXPEHU RI WHHWK

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FDSDF HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLX

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQLXP

FDS VWDUWHU ERQQHWWH G«PDUUHXU NDSSH VWDUWHU ϓϒώϔϟϜώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ WDSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH WDPSD PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

VWDWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDWRU VWDUWHU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU LPSUHXQD FX URWRUXO VH SRDWH PRQWD VL SH HOHFWURPRWRUXO

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WRJHWKHU ZLWK VWDWRU LW FDQ EH IL[HG RQ VWDUWHU

VWDWRU G«PDUUHXU VW¦QGHU VWDUWHU ϕϖτϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH HVWDWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

EHQGL[ HOHFWURPRWRU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU QXPDU GLQWL

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WHHWK QXPEHU

GULYH EHDULQJ VWDUWHU SDOLHU GH WUDQVPLVVLRQ G«PDUUHXU DQWULHEVODJHU VWDUWHU ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ ϕϒ ϕϖϒϔϒϑϟ ϓϔόφϒψτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ EHQGL[ PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URODPHQWR GH WUDQVPLVV¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

277


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU UHGXFWRU HOHFWURPRWRU VWDUWHU UHGXFWRU

ϔωψϗώϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔτ

URWRU HOHFWURPRWRU URWRU VWDUWHU

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU LPSUHXQD FX VWDWRUXO VH SRDWH PRQWD VL SH HOHFWURPRWRUXO

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU WRJHWKHU ZLWK VWDWRU LW FDQ EH IL[HG RQ VWDUWHU

URWRU G«PDUUHXU O¦XIHU VWDUWHU ϔϒϖϒϔ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH URWRU PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU

SODWRX FDUEXQL HOHFWURPRWRU FDUERQ EUXVK VWDUWHU EDODLV G«PDUUHXU NRKOHE¾UVWH VWDUWHU ϗχϒϏϠϑτϣ ϝωϖώτ ϕϖτϔϖωϔ HVFRELOOD GH FDUEµQ DUUDQFDGRU HVFRYD GH FDUY¥R PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

278

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

FRPSRQHQWD HOHFWURPRWRU

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

FRPSRQHQW RI VWDUWHU VROHQRLG HOHFWURPRWRU VROHQRLG VZLWFK VWDUWHU FRQWDFWHXU G«PDUUHXU PDJQHWVFKDOWHU VWDUWHU ϖϣχϒφϒω ϔωϏω ϕϖτϔϖωϔ LQWHUUXSWRU PDJQ«WLFR HVW£UWHU LQWHUUXSWRU HOHFWURPDJQ«WLFR PRWRU GH DUUDQTXH

SRPSD GH DSD VSDODUH SDUEUL]

WLS SRPSD SRPSD GXDOD QXPDU FRQH[LXQL JUHXWDWH NJ

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

SXPS W\SH GXDO SXPS QXPEHU RI FRQQHFWLRQV ZHLJKW NJ

ZDWHU SXPS ZLQGRZ FOHDQLQJ SRPSH G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUSXPSH VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ φϒψϣϑϒύ ϑτϕϒϕ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ ERPED GH DJXD GH ODYDGR ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV ERPED GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

SHQWUX YHKLFXOH GXSD DQ IDEULFDWLH IRU YHKLFOHV SURGXFH DIWHU

FRPXWDWRU PDFDUD JHDP VZLWFK ZLQGRZ ZLQGHU LQWHUUXSWHXU OªYH YLWUH VFKDOWHU IHQVWHUKHEHU φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϕϖωώϏϒϏϒψϞωϐϑόώ LQWHUUXSWRU HOHYDOXQDV LQWHUUXSWRU HOHYDGRUHV GRV YLGURV

279


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

VHW LQFXLHWRDUH VLVWHP LQFKLGHUH ORFN VHW ORFNLQJ V\VWHP MHX GH VHUUXUHV V\VWªPH GH YHUURXLOODJH VFKOR¡VDW] VFKOLH¡DQODJH ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϋτϐώτ ϋτϐϒώ MXHJR GH FHUUDGXUDV VLVWHPD GH FLHUUH MRJR GH IHFKDGXUDV VLVWHPD GH IHFKR

SHQWUX OXPLQDUH KDELWDFOX LQ PRPHQWXO LQ FDUH SRUWLHUD VH GHVFKLGH SDUWH PRQWDUH XVD IDWD VSDWH VWDQJD GUHDSWD

FRPXWDWRU FRQWDFW SRUWLHUD

IRU LQWHULRU OLJKWLQJ ZKHQ WKH GRRU RSHQV ILWWLQJ SRVWLRQ GRRU IURQW UHDU OHIW ULJKW

VZLWFK GRRU FRQWDFW LQWHUUXSWHXU FRQWDFWHXU GH SRUWH VFKDOWHU W¾UNRQWDNW φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ώϒϑϖτώϖ ψφωϔό LQWHUUXSWRU FRQWDFWR GH SXHUWD LQWHUUXSWRU FRQWDFWR GH SRUWD

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD IUDQD VZLWFK VWRS OLJKW FRQWDFWHXU IHX VWRS VFKDOWHU EUHPVOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϕόχϑτϏτ ϖϒ LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH IUHQR LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH VWRS

280


ELECTRICA • ELECTRICS

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPXWDWRU ODPSD IUDQD VZLWFK VWRS OLJKW FRQWDFWHXU IHX VWRS VFKDOWHU EUHPVOHXFKWH φϟώϏϢϛτϖωϏϠ ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϕόχϑτϏτ ϖϒ LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH IUHQR LQWHUUXSWRU OX] GH VWRS

VHQ]RU SUHVLXQH VXSUDDOLPHQWDUH VHQVRU ERRVW SUHVVXUH FDSWHXU SUHVVLRQ GH VXUDOLPHQWDWLRQ VHQVRU ODGHGUXFN ψτϖϛόώ ψτφϏωϑόω ϑτψψϗφτ VHQVRU SUHVLµQ GH VREUHDOLPHQWDFLµQ VHQVRU SUHVV¥R GH VREUHDOLPHQWD©¥R

VHQRU EDWDL NQRFN VHQVRU FDSWHXU GH FRJQHPHQW NORSIVHQVRU ψτϖϛόώ ψωϖϒϑτϚόό VHQVRU GH GHWRQDFLRQHV VHQVRU GH GHWRQD©¥R

281


MOTOR • ENGINE

JDUQLWXUD FKLXODVD

JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO PHWDO

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO VWHHO

JDVNHW F\OLQGHU KHDG MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FXODVVH GLFKWXQJ ]\OLQGHUNRSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ χϒϏϒφώτ ϚόϏόϑψϔτ MXQWD FXODWD MXQWD FDEH©D GR PRWRU

JDUQLWXUD EDLH XOHL JDVNHW RLO VXPS MRLQW G «WDQFK«LW« FDUWHU G KXLOH GLFKWXQJ ¸OVXPSI ϓϔϒώϏτψώτ ϐτϕϏϣϑϑτϣ φτϑϑτ MXQWD GHSµVLWR GH DFHLWH MXQWD GHSµVLWR GR µOHR

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

282

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH FXWLH YLWH]H

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW JHDUER[ VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ ULJKW


MOTOR • ENGINE

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH FXWLH YLWH]H

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD GUHDSWD

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW JHDUER[ VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ ULJKW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH URDWD

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW ZKHHO VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ OHIW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

VLPHULQJ DUERUH FRWLW VKDIW VHDO FUDQNVKDIW EDJXH G «WDQFK«LW« YLOHEUHTXLQ ZHOOHQGLFKWULQJ NXUEHOZHOOH ϗϓϏϒϖϑϣϢϝωω ώϒϏϠϚϒ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ

SDUWH PRQWDUH DUERUH FRWLW YLEURFKHQ VSUH URDWD

GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ JURVLPH >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP FDXFLXF SROLDFULOLF

UDVXFLUH OD VWDQJD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FUDQNVKDIW ZKHHO VLGH

LQQHU GLDPHWHU >PP@ RXWWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ WKLFNQHVV >PP@ PDWHULDO SWIH WHIORQ DFP SRO\DFU\OLF UXEEHU

WXUQLQJ OHIW

DQLOOR UHW«Q FLJ¾H³DO UHWHQWRU FDPERWD

283


MOTOR โ ข ENGINE

VHW EF VHW SFV

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

VHW EF VHW SFV

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G ยซFKDSSHPHQW DXVODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH YยฃOYXOD GH HVFDSH

VHW EF VHW EF

VXSDSD DGPLVLH LQOHW YDOYH VRXSDSH G DGPLVVLRQ HLQODยกYHQWLO ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVLยตQ YยฃOYXOD GH DGPLVVยฅR

284


MOTOR • ENGINE

VHW EF VHW EF

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

VXSDSD HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW YDOYH VRXSDSH G «FKDSSHPHQW DXVOD¡YHQWLO φϟϓϗϕώϑϒύ ώϏτϓτϑ Y£OYXOD GH HVFDSH Y£OYXOD GH HVFDSH

VHW EF VWG UHSDUDWLH ELOH VHW SFV VWG UHSDLU VHW IRU FRQQHFWLQJ URGV

VHPLFX]LQHWL ELHOD ELJ HQG EHDULQJV FRXVVLQHW GH ELHOOH SOHXHOODJHU Ϝτϖϗϑϑϟύ ϓϒψϜόϓϑόώ FRMLQHWH GH ELHOD FKXPDFHLUD GH ELHOD

VHW UHSDUDWLH SLVWRDQH UHSDLU VHW IRU SLVWRQV

VHW VHJPHQWL SLVWRQ SLVWRQ ULQJ NLW MHX GH VHJPHQWV GH SLVWRQV NROEHQULQJVDW] ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϒϔϜϑωφϟϙ ώϒϏωϚ MXHJR GH DURV GH SLVWµQ MRJR GH VHJPHQWRV GR ¬PEROR

285


MOTOR • ENGINE

VXUXE GH JROLUH EDLD GH XOHL

GLPHQVLXQH ILOHW P [ OXQJLPH ILOHW >PP@ WKUHDG P [ OHQJKW >PP@

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

RLO GUDLQ SOXJ RLO SDQ YLV ERXFKRQ FDUWHU G KXLOH YHUVFKOX¡VFKUDXEH ¸OZDQQH ϔωϋϠυϒφτϣ ϓϔϒυώτ ϐτϕϏϣϑϑϟύ ϓϒψψϒϑ WDSµQ URVFDGR FROHFWRU GH DFHLWH EXM¥R URVFDGR F£UWHU GH µOHR

EXVRQ XPSOHUH XOHL FDS RLO ILOOHU ERXFKRQ JRXORWWH GH UHPSOLVVDJH G KXLOH YHUVFKOX¡ ¸OHLQI¾OOVWXW]HQ ώϔϟϜώτ ϋτϏόφϑτϣ χϒϔϏϒφόϑτ WDSD WXEXODGXUD GH UHOOHQR GH DFHLWH WDPSD WXER GH HQFKLPHQWR GH µOHR

SRPSD XOHL RLO SXPS SRPSH ¢ KXLOH ¸OSXPSH ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ ERPED GH DFHLWH ERPED GH µOHR

286

XWLOL]DW OD PRWRDUHOH N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N XVHG IRU HQJLQH FRGHV N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N M N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N P N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N


MOTOR MOTOR •• ENGINE ENGINE

FRPSRQHQWD SRPSD XOHL

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FRPSRQHQW RI RLO SXPS SLQLRQ SRPSD XOHL JHDU RLO SXPS URXH GHQW«H SRPSH ¢ KXLOH ]DKQUDG ¸OSXPSH Ϝωϕϖωϔϑϣ ϐτϕϏϣϑϟύ ϑτϕϒϕ UXHGD GHQWDGD ERPED GH DFHLWH URGD GHQWDGD ERPED GH µOHR

SRPSD KLGUDXOLFD VLVWHP GH GLUHFWLH K\GUDXOLF SXPS VWHHULQJ V\VWHP

5 5 + ' '

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

SRPSH K\GUDXOLTXH GLUHFWLRQ K\GUDXOLNSXPSH OHQNXQJ χόψϔτφϏόϛωϕώόύ ϑτϕϒϕ ϔϗϏωφϒω ϗϓϔτφϏωϑόω ERPED KLGU£XOLFD GLUHFFLµQ ERPED KLGU£XOLFD GLUHF©¥R

IXOLH SRPSD VHUYR SXOOH\ SRZHU VWHHULQJ SXPS SRXOLH SRPSH GH GLUHFWLRQ DVVLVW«H ULHPHQVFKHLEH VHUYRSXPSH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ϑτϕϒϕ χόψϔϒϗϕόϏόϖωϏϣ SROHD VHUYRERPED SROLD ERPED GD GLUHF©¥R DVVLVWLGD

287


MOTOR MOTOR •• ENGINE ENGINE

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

IXOLH FXUHD DUERUH FRWLW EHOW SXOOH\ FUDQNVKDIW SRXOLH YLOHEUHTXLQ ULHPHQVFKHLEH NXUEHOZHOOH ϔωϐωϑϑϟύ Ϝώόφ ώϒϏωϑϛτϖϟύ φτϏ SROHD FLJ¾H³DO SROLD FDPERWD

ODWLPH >PP@ GLDPHWUX LQWHULRU >PP@ GLDPHWUX H[WHULRU >PP@ QXPDU GLQWL

URDWD GLQWDWD D[ FX FDPH

ZLGWK >PP@ LQQHU GLDPWHU >PP@ RXWHU GLDPWHU >PP@ QXPEHU RI WHHWK

JHDU FDPVKDIW URXH GHQW«H DUEUH ¢ FDPH ]DKQUDG QRFNHQZHOOH Ϝωϕϖωϔϑϣ ϔτϕϓϔωψωϏόϖωϏϠϑϟύ φτϏ UXHGD GHQWDGD £UERO GH OHYDV URGD GHQWDGD £UYRUH GH FDPHV

MRMD XOHL RLO GLSVWLFN MDXJH GH QLYHDX G KXLOH ¸OSHLOVWDE ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ ϗϔϒφϑϣ ϐτϕϏτ YDULOOD GHO QLYHO GH DFHLWH YDUHWD GR Q¯YHO GH µOHR

288


MOTOR • ENGINE

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

MRMD XOHL RLO GLSVWLFN MDXJH GH QLYHDX G KXLOH ¸OSHLOVWDE ϗώτϋτϖωϏϠ ϗϔϒφϑϣ ϐτϕϏτ YDULOOD GHO QLYHO GH DFHLWH YDUHWD GR Q¯YHO GH µOHR

289


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

UDGLDWRU UDFLUH PRWRU UDGLDWRU HQJLQH FRROLQJ UDGLDWHXU UHIURLGLVVHPHQW GX PRWHXU N¾KOHU PRWRUN¾KOXQJ ϔτψότϖϒϔ ϒϙϏτϊψωϑόω ψφόχτϖωϏ UDGLDGRU UHIULJHUDFLµQ GHO PRWRU

JURVLPHD PP ODWLPHD PP LQDOWLPHD PP FDSDFLWDWH OLFKLG UDFLUH O GLDPHWUX DGPLVLH PP GLDPHWUX HYDFXDUH PP VXSUDIDWD GH UDFLUH HVWH GLQ DOXPLQLX ED]LQHOH GH LQFKLGHUH VXQW GLQ PDWHULDO SODVWLF

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

WKLFNQHVV PP ZLGWK PP KHLJKW PP OLTXLG FRROLQJ FDSDFLW\ O LQOHW GLDPHWHU PP RXWOHW GLDPHWHU PP FRROLQJ VXUIDFH LV DOXPLQXP WKH FORVLQJ EDVLQV DUH IURP SODVWLF PDWHULDO

UDGLDGRU DUUHIHFLPHQWR GR PRWRU

WDPSRQ IL[DUH UDGLDWRU

SDUWH PRQWDUH UDGLDWRU DSD SDUWHD LQIHULRUDUD PDWHULDO FDXFLXF ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ZDWHU UDGLDWRU LQIHULRU SDUW PDWHULDO UXEEHU

UDGLDWRU PRXQWLQJ VXSSRUW GH UDGLDWHXU N¾KOHUWU¦JHU ώϔωϓϏωϑόω ϔτψότϖϒϔτ VRSRUWH GHO UDGLDGRU VXSRUWH GR UDGLDGRU

FDUFDVD WHUPRVWDW WKHUPRVWDW KRXVLQJ ER°WLHU GX WKHUPRVWDW WKHUPRVWDWJHK¦XVH ώϒϔϓϗϕ ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖτ FDMD GHO WHUPRVWDWR FDL[D GR WHUPµVWDWR

290


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

WHPSHUDWXUD GH GHVFKLGHUH rF RSHQLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH rF

'$&,$ '867(5 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

WHUPRVWDW OLFKLG UDFLUH WKHUPRVWDW FRRODQW WKHUPRVWDW G HDX WKHUPRVWDW N¾KOPLWWHO ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ WHUPRVWDWR UHIULJHUDQWH WHUPµVWDWR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

WHPSHUDWXUD GH GHVFKLGHUH rF RSHQLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH rF

WHUPRVWDW OLFKLG UDFLUH WKHUPRVWDW FRRODQW WKHUPRVWDW G HDX WKHUPRVWDW N¾KOPLWWHO ϖωϔϐϒϕϖτϖ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ WHUPRVWDWR UHIULJHUDQWH WHUPµVWDWR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

UH]HUYRU DSD VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDVKHU IOXLG WDQN ZLQGRZ FOHDQLQJ U«VHUYRLU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUEHK¦OWHU VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ψϏϣ φϒψϟ ψϏϣ ϛόϕϖώό

GHSµVLWR GHO DJXD GH ODYDGR ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV GHSµVLWR GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

291


RACIRE • COOLING SYSTEM

SDUWH PRQWDUH VLVWHP UDFLUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ FRROLQJ V\VWHP

EXVRQ YDV H[SDQVLXQH

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

FDS UDGLDWRU ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU GH OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW YHUVFKOX¡GHFNHO N¾KOPLWWHOEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝωύ ϊόψώϒϕϖό WDSµQ GHSµVLWR GH UHIULJHUDQWH WDPSD GHSµVLWR GR O¯TXLGR GH UHIULJHUD©¥R

YDV GH H[SDQVLXQH UDFLUH H[SDQVLRQ WDQN FRRODQW YDVH G H[SDQVLRQ OLTXLGH GH UHIURLGLVVHPHQW DXVJOHLFKVEHK¦OWHU N¾KOPLWWHO ώϒϐϓωϑϕτϚόϒϑϑϟύ υτώ ϒϙϏτϊψτϢϝτϣ ϊόψώϒϕϖϠ GHSµVLWR FRPSHQVDFLµQ UHIULJHUDQWH GHSµVLWR GH FRPSHQVD©¥R UHIULJHUDQWH

292


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

PDWHULDO FDXFLXF

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

PDWHULDO UXEEHU WDPSRQ FDXFLXF DPRUWL]RU HVDSDPHQW UXEEHU EXIIHU VLOHQFHU EXW«H «ODVWLTXH VLOHQFLHX[ DQVFKODJSXIIHU VFKDOOG¦PSIHU υϗϘωϔ χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ DOPRKDGLOOD GH WRSH VLOHQFLDGRU EDWHQWH GH HQFRVWR VLOHQFLDGRU

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

WRED HVDSDPHQW ILQDOD

WRED ILQDOD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD UHDU PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

HQG VLOHQFHU VLOHQFLHX[ DUULªUH HQGVFKDOOG¦PSIHU χϏϗϜόϖωϏϠ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϟϙ χτϋϒφ ώϒϑωϛϑϟύ VLOHQFLDGRU SRVWHULRU SDQHOD GH HVFDSH WUDVHLUD

293


ESAPAMENTE • EXHAUST SYSTEM

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L [

H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO

H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

UDFRUG HYDFXDUH H[KDXVW SLSH WX\DX G «FKDSSHPHQW DEJDVURKU ϖϔϗυτ φϟϙϏϒϓϑϒχϒ χτϋτ WXER GH HVFDSH WXER GH HVFDSH

294

WHDYD GH OHJDWXUD WRED LQWHUPHGLDUD PDWHULDO WDEOD RWHO DOXPLQL]DWD H[KDXVW SLSH LQWHUPHGLDU\ PXIIOHU PDWHULDO DOXPLQL]HG VWHHO


ELEMENTE OPTICE • OPTICAL ELEMENTES

SURLHFWRU FHDWD

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD GUHDSWD EHF K Z

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW OHIW ULJKW EXOE K Z

IRJ OLJKW SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ IDUR DQWLQLHEOD IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SHQWUX SURLHFWRU FHDWD IRU IRJ ODPS

FDEODM SURLHFWRU FHDWD KDUQHVV IRJ OLJKW NLW GH F¤EOHV SKDUHV DQWLEURXLOODUG NDEHOVDW] QHEHOVFKHLQZHUIHU ώτυωϏϠϑϟύ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ϓϔϒϖόφϒϖϗϐτϑϑτϣ Ϙτϔτ KD] GH FDEOHV IDUR DQWLQLHEOD MRJR GH FDERV IDURO GH QHYRHLUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH DULSD IDWD VWDQJD GUHDSWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ IURQW IHQGHU OHIW ULJKW

VHPQDOL]DWRU LQGLFDWRU IHX FOLJQRWDQW EOLQNOHXFKWH ϘϒϑτϔϠ ϗώτϋτϖωϏϣ ϓϒφϒϔϒϖτ SLORWR LQWHUPLWHQWH SLVFD

295


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

RJOLQGD UHWURYL]RDUH LQWHULRDUD LQWHULRU PLUURU U«WURYLVHXU LQW«ULHXU LQQHQVSLHJHO φϑϗϖϔωϑϑωω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU LQWHULRU UHWURYLVRU LQWHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU

SDUWH PRQWDUH VWDQJD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ OHIW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ

U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD RXWVLGH PLUURU U«WURYLVHXU H[W«ULHXU DX¡HQVSLHJHO ϑτϔϗϊϑϒω ϋωϔώτϏϒ UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU UHWURYLVRU H[WHULRU

296

SDUWH PRQWDUH GUHDSWD UHJODM HOHFWULF FX LQFDO]LUH ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ULJKW HOHFWULFDO DGMXVWPDQHW ZLWK KHDWLQJ


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD VWDQJD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU OHIW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

SDUWH PRQWDUH RJOLQGD H[WHULRDUD GUHDSWD

LQFDO]LW FDUFDVD SODVWLF

RJOLQGD VWLFOD

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ H[WHULRU PLUURU ULJKW

ZLWK KHDWLQJ ZLWK SODVWLF IUDPH

PLUURU JODVV JODVV XQLW YLWUH PLURLU XQLW« GH YLWUHDX[ VSLHJHOJODV JODVHLQKHLW ϋωϔώτϏϠϑϒω ϕϖωώϏϒ ϗϋωϏ ϕϖωώϏτ FULVWDO HVSHMR XQLGDG FULVWDO YLGUR GR HVSHOKR XQLGDGH GR YLGUR

DPRUWL]RU FDSRWD JDV VSULQJ ERQQHW UHVVRUW SQHXPDWLTXH FDSRW PRWHXU

OXQJLPH >PP@ FXUVD >PP@ IRUWD GH HMHFWDUH Q GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWUX WLMD >PP@ OHQJWK>PP@ VWURNH >PP@ HMHFW IRUFH Q GLDPHWHU >PP@ URG GLDPHWHU >PP@

JDVIHGHU PRWRUKDXEH ϗϓϔϗχόύ ϡϏωϐωϑϖ ώτϓϒϖ PXHOOH QHXP£WLFR FDSµ GH PRWRU PROD SQHXP£WLFD FDSRW GR PRWRU

297


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

DPRUWL]RU SRUWEDJDM JDV VSULQJ ERRW UHVVRUW SQHXPDWLTXH FRIIUH ¢ EDJDJHV FRPSDUWLPHQW ¢ EDJDJHV

OXQJLPH >PP@ FXUVD >PP@ IRUWD GH HMHFWDUH Q GLDPHWUX >PP@ GLDPHWUX WLMD >PP@

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

OHQJWK>PP@ VWURNH >PP@ HMHFW IRUFH Q GLDPHWHU >PP@ URG GLDPHWHU >PP@

JDVIHGHU NRIIHU ODGHUDXP ϗϓϔϗχόύ ϡϏωϐωϑϖ ώϔϟϜώτ υτχτϊϑόώτ ϓϒϐωϝωϑόϣ ψϏϣ χϔϗϋτ PXHOOH QHXP£WLFR PDOHWHUR FRPSDUWLPHQW R GH FDUJD PROD SQHXP£WLFD PDOD FRPSDUWLPHQWR GH FDUJD

SDUWH PRQWDUH FDURVHULH IDWD ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ ERG\ IURQW

GLX]D VSDODUH SDUEUL] ZDVKHU IOXLG MHW ZLQGVFUHHQ JLFOHXU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH QHWWR\DJH GHV YLWUHV ZDVFKZDVVHUG¾VH VFKHLEHQUHLQLJXQJ ϔτϕϓϟϏόϖωϏϠ φϒψϟ ψϏϣ ϛόϕϖώό ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϒϛόϕϖώό ϒώϒϑ WREHUD GH DJXD UHJDGRUD ODYDGR GH SDUDEULVDV HMHFWRU GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

298


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

VHW PRQWDM XVD PRXQWLQJ NLW GRRU NLW G DVVHPEODJH SRUWH PRQWDJHVDW] W¾U ϐϒϑϖτϊϑϟύ ώϒϐϓϏωώϖ ψφωϔϠ NLW GH PRQWDMH SXHUWD NLW GH PRQWDJHP SRUWD

PDWHULDO SODVWLF DEV PDWHULDO DEV SODVWLF

PDQHU GHVFKLGHUH FDSRWD PRWRU KDQGOH ERQQHW UHOHDVH SRLJQ«H G«YHUURXLOODJH GX FDSRW JULII PRWRUKDXEHQHQWUL HJHOXQJ ϔϗϛώτ ϒϖώϔϟφτϑόϣ ϐϒϖϒϔϑϒχϒ ϒϖϕωώτ DVD GHVEORTXHR FDSµ PDQ¯SXOR DEHUWXUD GR FDSRW

FDEOX FDSRWD PRWRU ERQQHW FDEOH WLUHWWH GH FDSRW PRWHXU PRWRUKDXEHQ]XJ ϖϔϒϕόώ ϋτϐώτ ώτϓϒϖτ FDEOH GHO FDSµ GHO PRWRU FDER GR FDSRW GR PRWRU

299


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SDUWH PRQWDUH KDELWDFOX VHW IL[DUH XVLWD FRPSDUWLPHQW GHSR]LWDUH

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

ILWWLQJ SRVLWLRQ LQWHURU IL[DUH XVD GRRU FDWFK FDOH SRUWH W¾UIHVWVWHOOHU Ϙόώϕτϖϒϔ ψφωϔό DVHJXUDGRU SXHUWD EORTXHDGRU GD SRUWD

FDSDF UH]HUYRU OLFKLG GH VSDODUH SDUEUL] FDS ZDVKHU IOXLG WDQN ERXFKRQ U«VHUYRLU G HDX GH QHWWR\DJH YHUVFKOX¡ ZDVFKZDVVHUEHK¦OWHU ώϔϟϜώτ ϔωϋωϔφϗτϔ ψϏϣ φϒψϟ WDSD GHSµVLWR GHO DJXD GH ODYDGR WDPSD GHSµVLWR GH £JXD GR ODYD YLGURV

DQWHQD DQWHQQD DQWHQQH DQWHQQH τϑϖωϑϑτ DQWHQD DQWHQD

300

OXQJLPH >PP@ ILOHW P [ OHQJWK >PP@ WKUHDG GLDPHWHU P [


CAROSERIE โ ข BODY PARTS

VRFOX DQWHQD

UHJODELO ส ยน ส

ILOHW P [

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

5

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*

DGMXVWDEOH ส ยน ส

WKUHDG P [

DQWHQQD KHDG WยฌWH G DQWHQQH DQWHQQHQNRSI ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ FDEH]D GH DQWHQD FDEHยฉD GH DQWHQD

FOLS FOLS

VHW EXF PHQWLQHUH FDUHQDM DULSD LQWHULRDUD

PDWHULDO SODVWLF VHW SFV IRU IDVWHQLQJ WKH PXGJXDUG PDWHULDO SODVWLF

FOLS FOLS ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ JUDSD FOLS

FDUOLJ UHPRUFDUH WRZKRRN FURFKHW GH UHPRUTXDJH DEVFKOHSSKDNHQ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯ ฯขฯ JDQFKR GH DUUDVWUH JDQFKR GH UHERTXH

NLW PRQWDUH LQFOXV GLDPHWUXO URWXOHL GH FXSODUH ยบ PP OXQJLPHD EUDWXOXL URWXOHL PP PDWHULDOH ROF JUHXWDWH PD[ WUDFWDWD NJ [ NJ [

JUHXWDWH PD[ DXWRUL]DWD YHKLFXO NJ UHXWDWH PD[ GLVSR]LWLY NJ VDUFLQD YHUWLFDOD V NJ FDUDFWHULVWLFD G NQ WLSXO DSUREDULL HF WLPS PRQWDUH RUD PRXQWLQJ NLW LQFOXGHG FRXSOLQJ NQHHFDS GLDPHWHU ยบ PP NQHHFDS DUP OHQJWK PP PDWHULDOV ROF PD[LPXP WRZHG ZHLJKW NJ [ NJ [

DXWKRUL]HG PD[LPXP YHKLFOH ZHLJKW NJ GHYLFH PD[LPXP ZHLJKW NJ V YHUWLFDO ORDG NJ IHDWXUH G NQ W\SH DSSURYDO HF LQVWDOODWLRQ WLPH KU

301


CAROSERIE • BODY PARTS

SRODULWDWH SROL FX VWHFKHU PRQWDW OXQJLPH FDEOX PP SHQWUX GLVSR]LWLY UHPRUFDUH

FDEOX GH FRQHFWDUH VLVW GH VWDELOL]DUH UHPRUFD

SRODULW\ SROHV ZLWK SOXJ ILWWHG HQJWK PP IRU WUDLOHU FRXSOLQJ GHYLFH

FRQQHFWLQJ FDEOH WUDLOHU VWDELOLVLQJ V\VWHP F¤EOH GH FRQQH[LRQ V\VWªPH VWDELOLVDWHXU GH OD UHPRUTXH DQVFKOX¡NDEHO DQK¦QJH UVWDELOLVLHUXQJVV\VWHP ϕϒωψόϑόϖωϏϠϑϟύ ώτυωϏϠ ϕόϕϖωϐτ ϕϖτυόϏόϋτϚόό ϓϒψφωϕώό FDEOH FRQH[LµQ VLVWHPD HVWDELOL]DFLµQ UHPROTXH FDER GH OLJD©¥R VLVWHPD GH HVWDELOL]D©¥R GR UHERTXH

302

'$&,$ '867(5 G&L G&L [ 9 9 [ 9 /3*




Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.