Rip Currents

38 Inside Ocean City 2022

We all love our summer vacations at the beach. The sun, sand, and surf are something that we look forward to all year long. The ocean is so restorative. However, it's also a force of nature, and depending on the day there could be a dangerous force lurking in the sea; Rip Currents. These rip currents are narrow channels of fast-moving water that are very powerful. Rip currents can occur at any beach with breaking waves; they most often form at low spots or breaks in the sandbars. They can be found along most coasts of the United States, including the East, Gulf, and West Coasts. Rips can also be seen along the shores of the Great Lakes. The term "rip current" is often confused with "riptides," but the two are unique occurrences. A riptide is a specific current that describes that swift movement of tidal water through the mouth of estuaries, harbors, and inlets. Rip currents can be as narrow as 10 or 20 feet in width, though they may be up to ten times wider. The length of the rip current also varies. Rip currents begin to slow down as they move offshore, beyond the breaking waves, but sometimes extend for hundreds of feet beyond the surf zone.

According to the U.S. Lifesaving Association (USLA), more than 80 percent of the surf beach rescues, performed by lifeguards, each year, involve rip currents.

Rip currents are not always easy to identify. Quickly changing wave heights, which occur when a large set of swells rolls in, can trigger a rip current. Some visual signs that may indicate the presence of a rip current include a break in the pattern of incoming waves, choppy water, seaweed or debris moving steadily seaward, a channel of churning choppy water, or an area where the water appears to be a different color from the surrounding water. The risk of rip currents is determined by many factors, including weather, tides, local variations in beach shape and how waves break offshore. Some beaches may have rip currents nearly all the time, while other beaches almost never see the dangerous flows. Even if you don’t spot any of these signs, a rip current could still be present. The United States Lifesaving Association (USLA) recommends wearing polarized sunglasses to see these ocean features more clearly.

Why Rip Currents are Dangerous

Rip currents are the leading hazard for all beach-goers. They pose the most significant risk to those that are weak or non-swimmers. Typically rip current speeds are 1-2 feet per second, but there have been speeds as high as 8 feet per second recorded; faster than an Olympic swimmer!

What to Do If You Find Yourself In A Rip Current

Rips are fast-moving currents of water that can that can even grab a hold of the strongest swimmer and begin to pull them away from the shore. Your initial instinct is to try and counter the rip current by swimming straight back to the beach. However, this approach can put you at risk of drowning from fatigue, as you try to fight the flow. If you do find yourself caught in a rip current, there are a couple of things that you can do to get out. If you are a strong enough swimmer you can try and swim out of the current in a direction that follows the shoreline; “swim with the current.” Once you are free, you can then begin to swim back to shore. If you are unable to get yourself out of the current, you can float or tread water until the current has stopped. If neither of these options works, then wave your arms and call out for help. The potential for rip currents is a prime reason to "keep your feet in the stand until the guard is in the stand!" If you are on the beach and happen to spot someone that is caught in a rip current, the first thing to do is get help from a lifeguard. If there is not a lifeguard available, call 911. It is never a good idea to try and rescue the person yourself unless it is a last resort. There is always a chance that you too could end up caught in the rip current and become a victim as well. If you do decide that you need to help the person immediately make sure that you have someone sort of flotation device with you; a raft, bodyboard or a life preserver. Try to toss the flotation device to the victim without getting too close to the current. You could also try to yell instruction to the person in distress on how to try and escape the rip current. To keep yourself safe when visiting the beach this summer, it is always a good idea to check the latest National Weather Service forecast for your local beach conditions. When you arrive at the beach, you can always ask one of the lifeguards about the chance of encountering a rip current that day and also learn of any other hazards that may be present, such as jellyfish.

How to Identify Rip Currents

Look for any of these clues: • a channel of churning, choppy water • an area having a notable difference in water color • a line of foam, seaweed, or debris moving steadily seaward • a break in the incoming wave pattern

One or more of the above clues may indicate the presence of rip currents. Rip currents are often not readily or easily identifiable to the average beachgoer. For your safety, be aware of this major surf zone hazard. Polarized sunglasses make it easier to see the rip current clues provided above.

How to Avoid and Survive Rip Currents Learn how to swim!

• Never swim alone. • Be cautious at all times, especially when swimming at unguarded beaches. If in doubt, don’t go out! • Whenever possible, swim at a lifeguard protected beach. • Obey all instructions and orders from lifeguards. • If caught in a rip current, remain calm to conserve energy and think clearly. • Don’t fight the current. Swim out of the current in a direction following the shoreline. When out of the current, swim towards shore. • If you are unable to swim out of the rip current, float or calmly tread water. When out of the current, swim towards shore. • If you are still unable to reach the shore, draw attention to yourself: face the shore, wave your arms, and yell for help. • If you see someone in trouble, get help from a lifeguard. If a lifeguard is not available, have someone call 9-1-1. Throw the rip current victim something that floats and yell instructions on how to escape. Remember, many people drown while trying to save someone else from a rip current.

Inside Ocean City 2022 39