COLOR THEORY Grecia Estrada
CONTENTS
M1
COLOR + INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………1
M2
COLOR + THEORY ……………………………………………………………………..2
M3
COLOR + DESIGNERS……………………………………………………………..….3
M4
COLOR + PSYCHOLOGY…………………………………………………………….15
M5
COLOR + BALANCE……………………………………………………………………20
M6
COLOR + YOUR CAMARA……………………………………………….…………21
M7
COLOR + RHYTHM………………………………………………………………........23
M8
COLOR + EMPHASIS…………………………………………………………………..24
M9
COLOR + [PROPORTION + SCALE] + [UNITY + HARMONY]….31
M10
COLOR + HOSPITALITY…………………………………………………..………….33
M11
COLOR + RENDERING………………………………………………………………..39
M12
COLOR + WORKPLACE………………………………………………………………43
M13
COLOR + CULTURE…………………………………………………………………….47
COLOR + CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………54
M1
COLOR+INTRODUCTION
My name is Grecia Estrada, and this is a piece of my story; I was born in Mexico City and moved to California at the age of one. When I turned three, my parents decided to go back to our homeland. Later on we had the opportunity to go to Miami when I was nine. My first language is Spanish and I learned English when I moved to the US, and Italian after being influenced by Italian architecture and studying it for four years. I am a 4th year architecture student at Florida International University. I have always been passionate about design and art, I believe that these are important to our society and the way a city is shaped. As an aspiring architect I love traveling to new places and looking at the architecture that each city has to offer. Apart from seeing architecture from my homeland (Mexico) I’ve had the opportunity to travel to Spain, France, and Italy. Each city gave me a different perspective of architecture and how it transforms the environment. Apart from learning more from architecture, my personal hobbies include maintaining a healthy and physical life exercising every day. This helps me to relieve my stress due to the work overload that architecture school gives us. Another one of my hobbies is baking, which is also a way for me to relieve my stress and get creative. I have always had an interest in Interior architecture, and how it affects people in a particular space. I believe that now a days some people think architecture is more about aesthetics and they forget about the purpose for the building and the way it is should be designed for the people. I am interested in learning about the way design affects people’s mood, and actions. How can the color of a space help someone? How can we feel comfortable in a space? How do we relate to the spaces in a building? These are questions that interest me and are influencing me in becoming a more knowledgeable designer for the people. I strongly believe that the aesthetics of a space can come from thinking about the function. My life in color. Colors are everywhere, and I use them everyday to make choices. I have fun finding out about the combinations and what colors looks good with what. I enjoy decorating and redecorating my room, and my whole house if I have the chance. I look at cool websites such as Pinterest, where there is a variety of art and architecture which give me ideas. As a designer and future architect… COLOR MUST SATISFY THE DESIGN. I am currently learning about the way colors affect design and the role it plays in our lives. I am also learning about graphics and how to make my website look full of colors as I have just began this amazing journey!
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M2
COLOR+THEORY • Hue, value, and chroma are three dimensions of color. • Additive color theory applies to combining the three primaries of light—red, blue, and green. • Subtractive color theory applies to combining the three primaries of pigment— red, blue, and yellow. • A variety of color systems are available to designers. No single solution is used in the interior industry; rather, each system offers its own contribution to learning about working with color.
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M3 COLOR+DESIGNERS This module introduces an example of a precedent which we use to inspire use in the fields of architecture. The projects we refer to influence the way we design and the way we develop our own projects. We study the way architecture tends to focus on things like envelope, structure, form, space, environmental boundary, and urban issues. We also focus on the way interior architecture delivers adequate experiences in a specific space, psychological and environmental behavior, materiality, theory, programming, and the health and safety of the users in the space. This module presents a project which is analyzed for the architecture as well as the interior architecture.
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McCormick Campus Center Rem Koolhaas
Rem Koolhaas Koolhaas began his career as a writer where the combination of architecture, urban planning, research solidified Rem Koolhaas’ reputation. He has completed many projects within different environments expressing his style of architecture differently; as he describes himself both as a
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modernist and a deconstructivist. Koolhaas graduated from the Architecture Association School in London in 1972. A few years later, in 1975 he founded the Office for Metropolitan Architecture (OMA) in London in collaboration of Madelon Vriesendorm and Elia and Zoe Zenghelis
The famous architect was selected to design a new Campus Center at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago for a big competition. The Campus Center would be the first new structure in many years on campus where Mies van der Rohe designed around 50 buildings. With this project, his innovative design creates an urban condition within the campus itself. It brings the students together physically, and spiritually.
AWARDS Pritzker Prize (2000) Chevalier de LĂŠgion d'honneur (2001) Praemium Imperiale (2003) Royal Gold Medal (2004) Doctor honoris causa by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (2007) Golden Lion of the Venice Biennale of Architecture for lifetime achievement (2010)
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McCormick Under the Exelon Tube, is the main building, a one-story, 110,000 square foot structure containing the program spaces (Welcome Center, dining, auditorium, meeting rooms, bookstore, cafe, post office, offices, convenience store, and campus radio station) under the tube. Koolhaas tracked movements of students across the lot, which led to diagonal passageways forthe center's interior. Campus functions which had been spread around campus, such as the student bookstore and a post office, were relocated between these pathways.
Campus Center The outside of the building is bright and uplifting to the public. Koolhaas uses the color orange on the glass facades. This particular color is the color of adventure and social communication. The use of orange for the Campus Center at a Institute of Technology is appropiate since the color relates to social communication, stimulating two way conversations. A warm and inviting color, it is both physically and mentally stimulating, so it gets people thinking and talking!
As one enters the building, there are a variey of bright colors that reflect on different sufaces. Orange hues on the west side and green in the center.
The Ramp-Seating at the entrance of the building provide steps and a built-in ramp. Apart for providing space for gathering, it leads to the center-court. These stairs are blue which is associated with health, healing, tranquility, understanding, and softness. 9
Koolhaas uses warm colors throughout the interior of the building. These colors make the spaces feel cozy, smaller, and closer than they appear. This is beneficial due to the cold weather in Chicago.
He also uses cool colors in the recreational areas. These colors make the spaces feel bigger than they are. Koolhaas focused on making these recreational spaces feel calm and relaxing. These cool colors also emphasize the steel structure of the building. The steel becomes a part of the aesthetic features of the center.
In some cases, Koolhaas uses a combination of warm colors and cool colors to create a trasition between the program. The interior has glass walls which have portraits of several IIT founders. These glass walls blend in with the rest of the space due to the use of cool colors.
Rem Koolhaas’ McCormick Campus Center offers a unique experience for the eye. He uses warm colors in the interior to make people feel comfortable in a cold weather. He also uses cool colors for spaces where people can communicate and relax. The McCormick Campus Center is a very bright building that attracts peoples eyes with its ideal use of colors and light conditions within each space.
M3 REFERENCES • https://web.iit.edu/event-services/meeting-spaces/mccormick-tribune-campus-center
• http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2000/bio • http://www.pritzkerprize.com/sites/default/files/file_fields/field_files_inline/2000_bio_0.pdf • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCormick_Tribune_Campus_Center • http://www.empower-yourself-with-color-psychology.com/color-orange.html • http://chicago-architecture-jyoti.blogspot.com/2010/07/mccormick-tribune-campus-center.html • http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scenea150.html
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M4
COLOR+PSYCHOLOGY This module studies the use of color and the psychological effects it has on this particular film; Interstellar. After analyzing the use of color throughout the film, it is certain that the use of color gives us a specific perception of the given circumstances. Color helps us understand our surroundings and reinforces the meaning of each scene.
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FILM SUMMARY Interstellar is a movie by Director, Christopher Nolan. In the future, governments and economies across the globe have collapsed, food is scarce, NASA is no more, and the 20th Century is to blame. A mysterious rip in spacetime opens and it's up to whatever is left of NASA to explore and offer up hope for mankind. Interstellar chronicles the adventures of a group of explorers who make use of a newly discovered wormhole to surpass the limitations on human space travel and conquer the vast distances involved in an interstellar voyage. With our time on Earth coming to an end, a team of explorers undertakes the most important mission in human history; traveling beyond this galaxy to discover whether mankind has a future among the stars. The color palette selection had a great impact in the film. The colors translated the emotions from the characters as the world was coming to an end. The colors emphasize the feelings from the mains character and it gives a sense of the years that pass by so rapidly in space. The colors in this movie help portray a notion of infinity and timelessness.
SCENE ANALYSIS The use of color in this scene portrays the family union, it symbolizes how the main’s character departure to the space mission changes his life as well as his daughter’s life. The scene takes place in the farm before he leaves for the mission. In this particular picture from the scene, the left side where Cooper (the main character) stands is illuminated by light and shows him next to green vegetation. On the right side, his daughter, is under shadow with more cold colors which give a hint of her solitude after her father leaves for years.
COLOR PALETTE
GREEN Renewal, eternal life, it is the warmest of the cool colors DARK BLUE Strength, sadness, depression, loneliness
By the selection of colors in this scene’s palette, it helps portray how Cooper goes away to space and lives longer or almost has an eternal life, in contrast, his daughter who stays waiting for her father, ages on earth.
BROWN Comforts of home, farming, relationship to dirt and soil, comfort, security GRAY Technology, intelligence, oldage, depression
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SCENE ANALYSIS In the Quantifiable Connection Scene, Cooper enters another dimension and discovers the meaning of the “poltergeist” who was knocking down the books in his daughter’s room letting him know that he was supposed to go on a mission in order to find a solution and save his family. This scene is the answer to the movie. The use of colors on this dimension depict the connection to his family. The Palette contains various browns and greens which symbolize earth and the soils of his farm.
COLOR PALETTE
GREEN-BROWN Strong need for security, sense of belonging, the anticipation of things to come.
BROWN Protection and support of the family unit, creates a safe haven of support for family
GRAY-BROWN Calm and composure, relief from a chaotic world
The colors used for this scene reinforce the meaning of Cooper’s actions in order to save his family.
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SCENE ANALYSIS This scene shows the view from the space craft as Cooper and his team reached space. They were able to get a viewof earth, the place which they were leaving and a glance at the black hole, which was their upcoming journey. The color use in this scene lets us wonder and gives us a sublime feeling about where this journey was going. The use of dark colors such as black embodies the power of space, and the emptiness of the black hole. The blue gives us a sense of infinity in space.
COLOR PALETTE BLACK Emptiness, fear
BLUE-GRAY Relaxing, infinity, water, cool, high technology PINK + WHITE Purity, positive, high tech products (white)
M5
COLOR + BALANCE
Balance refers to the relationship of different hues to one another when each is perceived to be equal in perceived visual weight. Symmetry or formal balance is the arrangement of elements on either side of an implied axis that are equally balanced and of the shape or form. Another type of balance is radial balance; which is achieved by equal rotation of design elements around a central axis. Contrast as well should be balanced. High contrast should be used for areas where safety is a concern. The amount of color used, the number of different colors used, the visual weight of the colors, and the location of the colors within the space are the four key factors in establishing good color balance.
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M6 COLOR + YOUR CAMARA This module contains images that were captured in New York City. The point was to observe our surroundings through our lens and photograph people, places, and things, we found interesting.
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CAPTURING
NEW YORK
M7COLOR + RHYTHM
Rhythm is movement. Rhythm is a natural evolutionary trait in nature that can be transferred to interior spaces and can be further emphasized with color. Alternating hues, progressive values, or contrast of saturation are methods whereby a designer can manipulate interior elements to bring a better rhythmic order to space. • Rhythm and color can be used to create five types of visual effects: repetition, alternation, progression, continuation, and radiation. • An interior space absent of visual movement can be supported with multiple color shifts in hue, value, and intensity to create a desired rhythmic order. • The stronger the contrast the, the stronger the color rhythm. • Lighting levels should be considered in addition to the color to achieve the desired rhythmic pattern.
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A home furnishing store well known for its designs and combinations of color within a space achieving an adequate and most comfortable setting for a home.
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M8 COLOR + EMPHASIS
CONTENTS This module focuses on retail analysis to study the design aspects of it. The goal was to analyze how color and design are used to create emphasis .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
CONTRAST OF HUE CONTRAST OF VALUE CONTRAST OF A DESIGN FEATURE CONTRAST OF TEXTURE FOCAL POINT
CONTRAST OF HUE Hue is what we mean when we ask “what color is that?� The property of color that we are actually asking about is "hue". We can find contrast of hue by selecting colors that are opposite to one another in the color wheel. The further away from each other two colors are, the higher the contrast. In this photo, the blue and orange form a high contrast of hue as they are opposite in the color wheel and they are complementary colors. As the colors alternate they contrast each other more and make the shape of the hanging cubes stand out as a bright ornament on the wall.
CONTRAST OF VALUE Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. A light or dark contrast of black, gray, or white values can emphasize without the use of colored hues. In the photo shown we see a black and white kitchen which gets contrasted by the warm wooden finish of the table in the middle of the kitchen. Ikea uses contrast value in many of the displays to emphasize a particular piece of furniture that is a good sale.
CONTRAST OF A DESIGN FEATURE The contrast of a design feature is the color, shape, and form of an object. Using different shapes and colors can achieve a higher contrast. In the photo the green and yellow are both secondary colors. The cubes in the shown display, contrast one another with the use of the shape as well as the combination of sizes. By using this shape, the contrast between the orange and green and white gets stronger.
CONTRAST OF TEXTURE Using color and texture together can emphasize the roughness or softness of an object or a space. The use of color can help emphasize a texture in a space. Yellow and green are analogous colors and one of them tends to predominate when combined. The photo shows a green set of sofas which are clearly a soft fabric. These get combined with a set of textured objects of emphasize the colors within the space. The warm textured wooden floor, the rug, and the curtain in the back.
FOCAL POINT The focal point refers to a single design element which receives a great visual emphasis within a space. In terms of wayfinding, visitors to a space will usually be attracted to walk toward the focal point, which may be an art, object, piece of furniture, or functional module. In the photo we see the interior of Ikea and the focal point is the blue sign that stands out in the room. This is a plan of the store with indications for the visitor as to where they can go in that particular floor. While people walk through the store this blue plan cant be missed. The bright blue stands out in the hues of the room which are neutral grays.
COLOR + PROPORTION + SCALE ` • Proportions of colors should be considered in the context of the scale of the space and amount of lighting available. • Using a grid system based on the golden section, Fibonacci, Le Modular, or natural forms can provide a more accurate method for establishing relative color proportions. • Scale and proportion can enhance and alter the visual perception of our environment. • Scale refers to our relationship of the human body to objects, whereas proportion refers to the size and arrangement of objects with each other in an interior space. • Natural color forms can be identified for establishing relative proportions and can then be translated into interior spaces.
M9
COLOR + UNITY + HARMONY • Unity is defined as the repetition of color to achieve a unified whole. • Harmony is the result of a perfect balance between Individual color relationships. • Colors that share common hue will relate and harmonize better than colors that have no common color connection. • Repetition of colors throughout a space unifies the palette and the interior design. • There are seven types of color harmonies: monochromatic, complementary, split complementary, analogous, triadic, tetrad, and multi-hued schemes.
Split-Complementary
Tetrad
Complementary
Analogous
Square
Triad
VARIETY is a principle of design that is concerned with the combination of one or more color elements that use line, shape, texture, and/or pattern to create diversity and contrast in an interior space.
PROJECT: W Hotel DESIGNER: Costas Kondylis LOCATION: Miami Beach
COLOR + VARIETY Commercial Design Analysis
M10
HOSPITALITY
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COLOR + HOSPITALITY This module studies the colors and the elements such as lines, shapes, textures, and patterns within a space. Two areas of the W Hotel in Miami are analyzed for these elements.
LIVING ROOM BAR
Estrada
HOSPITALITY
Discussion The bar of the W Hotel includes a variety of design elements which combine interesting color elements with shape, form, pattern, and texture creating a diversity and contrast in the interior space. The space features low lighting and funky but inviting furniture. COLOR + LINE The use of lines in the bar area varies throughout. The space includes vertical lines such as the high columns that support the building, as well as the mullions on the glass walls, the decorative lines on the wooden floor which give horizontality to the space emphasizing its length. Lines are also seen on the furniture such as the bar stools, and decoration for the high hat lighting fixtures. COLOR + SHAPE The space is consistent with the use of shapes. There is a repetitive use of circular furniture such as the tables. The plush sofas are squared like the purple ottomans. There is also a consistency of color within the shapes that enables the eye to travel around freely. COLOR + TEXTURE Texture is seen on the furniture and ornaments like the metals screen mounted on the walls, the rugs, and the fabrics of the sofa and pillows. There is a continuous use of contrast between soft texture (sofa) and rough texture (ledge stone on columns).
Details Them Hotel’s design incorporates variations of lines, shapes, textures, and patterns creating a stylish setting.
shape
line
Line | Walls, Columns, Floor, Furniture
texture
COLOR + PATTERN
The floor and the ceiling have a different pattern that both include lines which accentuate the length of the space and the bar. The Walls have a marble pattern which blends with the organic sequence of the metal screen pattern. Estrada
Shape | Circular, Squared
Texture | Furniture, Ornaments
Pattern | Floor, Walls, Ceiling
COLOR + VARIETY _ HOSPITALITY
LOBBY
HOSPITALITY
Discussion W Hotel expresses variety of design including colors, shapes, patterns, and textures become a harmonious play of beautiful design. The Lobby of the hotel immediately makes the eye relax and focus on the harmonious scheme in order to follow the elements that strengthen and define the interior.
Details Them Hotel’s design incorporates variations of lines, shapes, textures, and patterns creating a stylish setting.
COLOR + LINE The lobby has use of horizontal lines on the wooden floor and the ceiling that reinforces the longitude of the space. The vertical lines are seen in the numerous columns as well as their texture and long glass windows with curtains that make vertical lines with their aesthetic fold as they fall to the floor. COLOR + SHAPE The lobby uses a repetition of a squared shape specially with the use of furniture such as the armchairs, coffee table, ottoman, lamps, ornaments, etc. This shape also stands out because it is often demonstrated with the color white.
Line | Floor, Ceiling, Columns
Shape | Squared
COLOR + TEXTURE The lobby stands out with the use of a particular texture which is seen on the metal screens mounted on the walls and columns. Other textures are found on the furniture such as the wooden tables, and the fabrics of the sofas. The texture is smooth and gives a sense of tranquility and relaxation. The neutral colors of the lobby give the textures a nice contrast within the space. COLOR + PATTERN The patterns used are similar in shape therefore they create a connection. Each element incorporates a pattern with a juxtaposition of different forms, lines, and colors. The visual differentiation among the patterns adds visual movement which form unity, rhythm, and harmony in the lobby.
Texture | Metal screen, Floor, Furniture
Pattern | Floor, Walls, Ceiling
COLOR + VARIETY _ HOSPITALITY
M 11
COLOR + RENDERING YELLOW is the most luminous of all the colors of the spectrum. It’s the color that captures our attention more than any other color. It’s the color of happiness, and optimism, of enlightenment and creativity, sunshine and spring. GREEN/BROWN Green is universally associated with nature. The color brown is a serious, down-to-earth color signifying stability, structure and support. GRAY The color gray is an unemotional color. It is detached, neutral, impartial and indecisive - the fence-sitter.
Estrada
DESCRIPTION The colors on this palette are very clean and seem to appear in many contemporary and spaces. The colors are soothing and they create a harmony throughout the space. The yellow helps light up the place making it cheerful, the brown-green color makes the place looks modern, and the gray keeps it simple and makes the space appear more open. Color + Balance
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The color palette is an analogous and a monochromatic color harmony. It is composed by three adjacent hues (Yellow- orange/ yellow/ yellow-green) and one of the hues (yellow-green) has variations in tone and shades. The yellow is a primary tint hue. Yellow-orange is a tertiary/shaded hue and yellow-green is also a tertiary hue but in this case with a tint. When applying the 60-30-10 rule on the rendering, the light gray shade is the dominant, the secondary color is the green/brown since it has black added to it. The accents will be the yellows and the darker shades of gray.
Estrada
Color + Balance
Estrada
Color + Balance
The color palette that was chosen from the image generated a very modern space when doing the rendering. Applying the 6030-10 rule made the space have balance and harmony with the chosen colors. The primary color was a light shade of gray to create neutrality, the secondary was a green-brown following the tone that has the hue plus black added. And the accents were hues like the yellow. Overall this rendering assignment was very interesting. The information given as a guide helped me during the process of rendering.
Estrada
Color + Balance
PROJECT: Zimmerman Advertising DESIGNER: Gensler Architecture Firm LOCATION: Fort Lauderdale, Florida
COLOR + VARIETY Workplace Design Analysis
Estrada
M.12
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COLOR + WORKPLACE This module focuses on the variety of elements within a design from a specific workplace. The main purpose was to examine the environment of the workplace and how color is used to create movement, continuity, establish program, indicate circulation, add visual stimuli, and offer a variety of experiences for the user.
ANALYSIS
DISCUSSION | ANALYSIS The lines within the interior spaces are what link the spaces at different levels. They start horizontally with the stairs and fold to a vertical screen next to the stairs and fold horizontally to connect the ceiling. These lines give power to the space with a modern red hue. The lines also serve to accentuate the height of the space. The building emphasizes the use shapes such as the circle and the shape of a letter Z for Zimmerman, through furniture and details. This shape is repeated in a single space through different elements creating a harmony which attracts the eye. The design within the spaces stay consistent and adds a harmonious variety by adding a balance of the similar shapes and textures. Texture is mostly found on the floors such as the wooden floor that leads to the stairs. The texture adds sensory and visual contrasts as the space becomes a focal point since it is the only brown being used in that specific area. Texture is also found on the carpets in some rooms which reinforce the design within the space as well as giving it Patterns are found on the floors, ceilings, and walls. These patterns use small circles which makes the whole building feel connected using the same shape and making it into pattern in different ways like on the glass, and steel ornament patterns attached to walls.
LINE
SHAPE
TEXTURE
PATTERN
DETAILS CONCLUSION | EXPERIENCE The Zimmerman Advertising offers simple yet modern spaces by using a balance of neutral and warm colors. The spaces emphasize visual harmony through the use of lines, shapes, textures, and patterns through the details and colors, giving an interesting visual contrast. The use of variety creates different experiences for users of the built environment. The spaces have the similar design elements that makes the coworking spaces feel more united just like the gesture that is introduced with the staircase connecting different levels though linear elements.
ESTRADA COLOR + VARIETY _ ZIMMERMAN
M13
COLOR + CULTURE
Cultural Contrast in Color Estrada
ITALY
MEXICO
I was born in Mexico, and grew up in Mexico City following the many traditions that make Mexico the country it is. Colors dramatically contribute to the culture, traditions, and the celebrations of each holiday. On the other side of the world, I love the Italian culture. While visiting Italy I was amazed by the architecture, food, and brightly colored coastal villages. The variety of colors throughout the country expresses the historic and rich foundation of their culture.
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Color + Culture studies the relationship between color and two specific countries: Mexico (my homeland), and Italy. While gathering information about each culture I analyzed the way color was used in order to represent many traditions within the cultures.
ITALY
MEXICO
Cultural Contrast in Color Estrada
MEXICO
Estrada
MEXICO
COLOR
PALETTE YELLOW Sun, Folk Art
RED Sunny, religion, compass, vibrancy, intensity, death
PURPLE Mourning, death
GREEN Vegetation
BLUE Trust, tranquility
Mexico is a culture of vivid, bright, and saturated colors. Mexico uses a spectrum of colors in most of its architecture, interiors, and art. The Mexican flag, which is green, white, and red, symbolize the Aztec heritage. Mexican color in design is frequently inspired by the Aztec heritage. Spanish influence in Mexico brought about the use of natural materials to create colored dyes in rich reds, blues, and yellow. Dark blue and purple are used to mourn; cemeteries use vibrant colors in order to celebrate the passing on of their kin. The famous textiles and decorative tiles also reflect a vibrant color within spaces. The typical Mexican clothing includes a rainbow of hues of yellow, green, aqua, red, and white. The colorful handmade blankets which are based on Mayan textiles, are key decorative elements in a typical Mexican home. A typical Mexican home includes blue (which defend homes against evil spirits and symbolize wisdom, peace, and truth ), and yellow (to represent the sun and fire).The landscape of Mexico influences the palette used in the interior architecture, design, and arts. Mexico becomes more modernized by the day, but the vibrant color will always reflect the Mexican cultural heritage.
ITALY
Estrada
ITALY
COLOR
PALETTE YELLOW Sun
BLUE Heaven, purity
RED Light
AQUA Healing
PURPLE Nobility
Italy is famous for its beautiful Renaissance architecture and the delicious food such as pasta, pizza, and pesto. Italy is a country with ancient design and a hint of modernism. The Italian flag is composed of green for hope, white for faith, and red for charity all together symbolizing freedom and unity. It is also called “meadow green, milk white, and tomato red. Italy’s rich landscape and cobblestoned streets and canals offer the eye a kaleidoscope of colors. Italian famous artists like Michelangelo and da Vinci add to the rich culture with vibrant colors. Yellow is used for ceramics and painting. The color red is everywhere within the Italian culture starting with the food and for the use of symbolizing the Catholic faith in Italy along with gold for divinity. Red is also used during New Year for good luck. Green symbolizes landscape, and youthfulness. Blues are symbolize the heavens and purity. A typical Italian home includes red tiled roof, bright walls, and a lush palette of colors from foods, the landscape, and the sea around the country.
COLOR + CULTURE Grecia Estrada
Mexico and Italy both have different cultures that use colors in a similar way. These countries flags’ include a combination of three colors: green, white, and red. This module focused on the way each country used colors to represents their customs and traditions. Color gives the magic touch to their land, it gives it life.
References • Reed, Ron. Color Design: Transforming Interior Space. New York: Fairchild, 2010. Print. • http://globalpropaganda.com/articles/TranslatingCol ours.pdf
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COLOR + EXPERIENCE +CONCLUSION Color Theory embodies the understanding of a set of principles used to create relationships among colors. Over the course we analyzed design processes which used color confidently. Visual training for seeing the spatial transformations was attained through various exercises or modules. We learned aspects about color that help us become better designers. A designer cannot use color independently without taking other variables into consideration that can significantly impact its use. After the course, we acknowledged that Interior spaces are created with all or part of the principles and elements of design and variations of their applications. The elements of design consist of color, line, form, shape, texture, and pattern. The principles of design consists of balance, rhythm, emphasis, proportion, scale, unity, harmony, and variety. After completing modules that focused on the elements and principles of design we learned that color helps us connect the space more than any other design element.
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REFERENCES
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https://web.iit.edu/event-services/meeting-spaces/mccormick-tribune-campus-center
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http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2000/bio
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http://www.pritzkerprize.com/sites/default/files/file_fields/field_files_inline/2000_bio_0.pdf
•
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCormick_Tribune_Campus_Center
•
http://www.empower-yourself-with-color-psychology.com/color-orange.html
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http://chicago-architecture-jyoti.blogspot.com/2010/07/mccormick-tribune-campus-center.html
•
http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scenea150.html
•
http://globalpropaganda.com/articles/TranslatingColours.pdf
•
Reed, Ron. Color Design: Transforming Interior Space. New York: Fairchild, 2010. Print.