PageO Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
PageP Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
Roundup
Growing problem Weeds increasingly resistant to popular herbicide G reenwood farmer John Doty Porter has seen a lot of technological advances in his 40 years in the fields, with one of the most benefical in recent years being genetically engineered crops. These include crops such as cotton, corn and beans that have an engineered resistance to herbicides, including Roundup, a name brand of the grass and weed killer glyphosate. Roundup is a great weed killer, but its broadspectrum effects make it a decent crop killer, too. That’s no good. But in 1996, the agriculture company Monsanto figured out a way to make crops resistant to Roundup. Monsanto introduced the Roundup Ready soybean, a genetically engineered crop resistant to glyphosate. In the few years after, Roundup Ready cotton and other crops also made their debut. “It was the best thing we had ever seen when it first came out,” Porter said of the Roundup Ready seeds. “We were able to quit using a preemerge because we could just spray Roundup behind the planter to take care of any weeds. “It just made things simple and cheaper. Preemerge can also be tough on your crops, and not having to use it lowered our production costs.” But nature usually has a way of catching up to these advances. Porter said that happened about five years ago when certain weeds began developing a resistance to glyphosate — a broadspectrum systemic herbicide used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with crops. Some studies blame the use of chemical herbicides combined with crops genetically engineered to survive herbicide applications for the problem of these “superweeds.” Some experts say years of constant exposure have caused certain invasive plants to develop a resistance, leading farmers to use more of the chemical. In some cases, the weeds have grown completely tolerant to the chemical, giving farmers fits. “It’s been kind of like the perfect storm.
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PageQ Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
PageR Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
“I don’t think we’ll see another revolution like Roundup Ready in my lifetime.”
Farmers began using Roundup on all their crops. They were rotating crops but not herbicides,” said Darrin Dodds, associate extension professor of agronomy at Mississippi State University. “Nobody saw this coming at first. This technology caused a tremendous slow-down in herbicide discovery because everything was going so smoothly. “But today the resistance to Roundup is one of the biggest issues facing farmers across America.” Dodds and his students are planting an 18-acre test plot near Sidon on land that Porter rents from MSU to test new varieties of seed. Two things on Porter’s Leflore County farm near Sidon that have become resistant to Roundup are Italian rye grass and Palmer’s pigweed. Dodds said 24 cases of glyphosateresistant weeds have been reported around the world, 14 of which are in the United States. It is a dubious honor, said Dodds, that Mississippi leads the nation in the number of glyphosate-resistant weeds — and pigweed is now at the top of that list. It’s the one that is causing nightmares for production agriculture. “It grows very aggressively, has a very deep root system that allows it to thrive in hot, dry weather, and it produces a tremendous amount of seeds. A single mature plant can set several hundred thousand seeds,” Dodds explained. “All this makes it an extremely competitive weed. With glyphosate being used on the majority of our crop acres, the development of resistant pigweed and the rate at which it has spread has created complex issues for agriculture.” One answer to this growing problem is Monsanto’s Roundup Ready Xtend Crop System — an advanced weed management system that helps control more resistant and tough-to-control broadleaf weeds with advanced dicamba- and glyphosate-tolerant traits. Dicamba is a broad-spectrum herbicide. Porter has planted dicamba-tolerant
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m~äãÉêÛë=éáÖïÉÉÇ=Ü~ë=ÄÉÅçãÉ=~=ã~àçê=éêçÄäÉã=Ñçê=~êÉ~=Ñ~êãÉêë=åçï=íÜ~í=ã~åó=ïÉÉÇë=Ü~îÉ=ÄÉÅçãÉ=êÉëáëí~åí=íç=ã~åó=éçéìä~ê=ÜÉêJ ÄáÅáÇÉëK=qÜáë=éáÖïÉÉÇ=ï~ë=âáääÉÇ=Äó=ÇáÅ~ãÄ~K= beans and cotton this year. He also planted them last year, but he was unable to spray dicamba on them because the Environmental Protection Agency had not yet approved it. In an attempt to provide farmers with
another weapon against these difficult weeds, Dodds said, Dow AgroSciences is developing a new generation of herbicide-tolerant crops that are able to withstand more than one herbicide. Dodds said the genetically altered
dicamba-tolerant seeds are “the next tool available for farmers, but it’s nothing like when Roundup Ready hit.” “I don’t think we’ll see another revolution like Roundup Ready in my lifetime,” Dodds said. n
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PageS Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
Up In Farms Food Hub
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Meeting needs Organization aims to help farmers, consumers Y
ou may think “farm to table” is a fancy concept thought up by restaurant owners to make their food more marketable. Or you may be a parent looking for vegetables grown on nearby farms, to feed your family the freshest produce possible. You may be a farmer or would-be farmer trying to figure out how to get your food crops into the hands of consumers without spending an inordinate amount of time marketing, packaging and transporting. Whichever camp you’re in, Up In Farms Food Hub is working hard to meet your needs. Up In Farms is the brain child of Jackson’s Soul City Hospitality, a group of restaurant professionals dedicated to developing and supporting businesses that lead to Mississippi having a resilient and sustainable local food system. From that lofty goal has arisen a hands-on operation that aggregates, refrigerates, in some cases processes, sells and distributes Mississippi-grown
food crops. Up In Farms currently sells its clients’ products to restaurants and grocery stores, as well as to individuals and families through its Food Pack program. Its headquarters is in Jackson at the Old Farmers Market building, which has been renovated and equipped to receive and handle produce from all over the state, including from farms in the Delta. Food hub director Terry Sullivan said the business started with one employee
— himself — and now has about 15 fulltimers working in sourcing food from farmers, selling or, on the technical end, handling the product and operating its transportation chain. In Greenwood, Up In Farms delivers 26 food packs every week to Fan & Johnny’s restaurant on Main Street, and customers pick them up there to take home. This is Up In Farms’ brand of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA), which is popular across the country. Consumers pay up front, usually during winter months, for a season’s worth of produce they will receive over eight weeks or so during the growing season. The influx of cash helps pay the individual farmer’s costs, and that farmer is responsible for handling the produce, keeping it refrigerated and transporting it to market. “We call ours a farm pack, because we work with 40 or 50 different Mississippi farms,” Sullivan said. “This is the third time we’ve done farm packs, and we’re in the process of making it a year-round membership-based service.”
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That means Up In Farms, in the near future, will allow individuals or families to subscribe to the service for a cost of around $30 per week or $120 per month plus sales tax to receive a box of around 10 pounds of produce each week, all grown by Mississippi farmers. Consumers will be able to stop and restart subscriptions at any time. “It’s a good value,” Sullivan said. Another benefit is that if subscribers are dedicated to eating Mississippigrown produce, they might even eat more veggies if they can buy them this way. Sullivan said the food hub is working out the details of the year-round program and people who want to learn about it should visit ïïïKìéáåÑ~êãëKÅçã, scroll down to the bottom of the page and click on the box that says “SIGN UP to learn about future Farm Packs” or go to the top right and click on “Farm Packs” to be put on a waiting list. Current subscribers are enjoying the end of the spring harvest and looking forward to early summer boxes.
PageT c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017
A proven track record of performance you can trust
4IPQ PWFS WFIJ DM FT 214 W. Market Street , Greenwood, MS 38930 662-453-6231 • www.staplcotn.com
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PageU Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
“This week we’ve got broccoli crowns grown by the Mileston Co-Op near Tchula, crookneck and zucchini squash, curly kale, green cabbage and tomato berries from the Choctaw Indian reservation,” Sullivan said last week. Tomato berries are small, sweet, bite-sized tomatoes. Also included in each week’s box is a valueadded product that is grown or made in Mississippi. Last week it was a package of white rice grits from Two Brooks Farms in Tallahatchie County. “We try to highlight some of the things farmers and craft food purveyors are doing that people may not know about,” Sullivan said. Transitioning out of the “green season” to summer, food packs in coming weeks will feature tomatoes of many varieties, bell peppers, melons, okra, sweet corn, cabbage and peas. Sullivan said the food hub is working hard to coordinate with farmers on a daily and weekly basis, arranging transportation of the product to the hub in Jackson for refrigeration, sorting, packing and distribution. That service gives farmers more time to dedicate to growing nutritious and good-tasting food. “We’re working with farmers and with the USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service to enable farmers to grow a crop at different times of year,” Sullivan said. For example, normally everyone plants summer squash at the same time and there’s a huge influx of product at farmers’ markets and grocery stores in early summer but no other time in the year. “We can grow yearround here in Mississippi,” he said. “But we’re working on a production schedule that will enable us to grow yellow squash and zucchini all the way to October.” That may entail helping farmers get an irrigation system or some other equipment to help the crop survive varying weather conditions. “We’ll help them get resources to help them spread their growing out throughout the year.” The Jackson hub has trucks going out, loaded with boxes of vegetables to fill orders around the state at markets, restaurants and at food pack pickup centers such as Fan & Johnny’s. The hub coordinates that run with picking up produce at area farms. “If we send a truck to Greenwood with farm packs, we want it to come back to us filled with produce,” Sullivan said. Consumers benefit from supporting local farms and getting farm-fresh products that haven’t languished on trucks crossing the country or come from other countries.
gçå~íÜ~å=dê~åíÜ~ã=~åÇ=qÉêêó=háããÉä=çÑ=dêÉÉåïççÇ=ÅÜÉÅâ=çìí=íÜÉ=ÅçåíÉåíë=çÑ=íÜÉáê=tÉÉâ=S=ré=áå=c~êãë=m~ÅâK Despite its high agricultural profile — $7.5 billion in annual revenue
SEED
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from agriculture — Mississippi grows less than 10 percent of its
NUTRITION
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food. According to an article in the Mississippi Electrical Cooperative’s
CROP PROTECTION
trianglecc.com
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magazine, just $120 million of Mississippi’s annual agriculture production
AGRONOMY
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consists of fruits and vegetables, and most of that comes from sweet potatoes. At the same time, the state has obesity and hunger problems plaguing its population at some of the highest rates in the nation. Up In Farms hopes to change that by creating a steady supply of healthy food that will encourage more food farming and also raise awareness and consumer demand for healthy and good-tasting Mississippi grown foods. “We depend on the consumer to go into restaurants or into their local grocery store and ask the question: ‘Where is your Mississippi-grown produce? Where do you get your vegetables?’” Sullivan said. “We have the product and we have the ability to grow much more of it, but the demand has to be there.” Restaurants such as Fan & Johnny’s, which indicate on their menu where their products come from, are instrumental in getting the word out. So are individual consumers, either through purchasing food packs and eating more produce or through getting involved in demanding a more local and healthier food supply. Sullivan said Up In Farms looks forward to selling Mississippi-grown produce through its central hub to school districts, hospitals and other facilities that feed large groups of people regularly once is has certifications in place to do that. And, he said, they are always looking for new farmers to partner with, across the state and in the Delta. “We’ve got everything we need here to do this — rich soil, humidity, heat and plenty of sunlight,” Sullivan said. “We’re very excited about what we’re doing. It’s a long process, and it’s not easy, but as long as consumers support us, we’re going to keep doing it.” n
CROP PLAN MANAGEMENT
4th Generation Family Owned Business
PageV Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
Chris and Missy McGlawn
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Family business C
First-generation farmers love their catfish
ommunication is a key component of any successful marriage. It’s also an essential part of running a successful catfish farm. Communication among workers ensures that the fish stay healthy and thriving. For Chris and Missy McGlawn, communication is everything. The husband and wife first-generation farmers own and operate Delta Cat Fisheries in Swiftown. “I think that’s where some people have an issue — with their feed person and their night man not communicating very well,” said Missy, who manages the feeding of the catfish each day. “What I see during the day, I come home and I can tell him, ‘11 didn’t eat good,’ or ‘Something’s not right. The water is looking funny.’” That dinnertime conversation lets Chris, who manages the oxygen levels of each pond, know if he needs to aerate one pond more than usual that evening or if he needs to watch for any other signs that might indicate an ill fish. “She can just tell me what is going on. Usually, when you see an issue like that, the best thing you can do for the fish,
other than medicate or feed, is to keep your oxygen levels up higher,” said Chris. “I’ll come in, and I start putting tractors in at a higher rate than we normally do, and that really seems to keep our death loss at a real low level. That’s the key. Just like with any other crop you produce in high yields, you try to have as little yield loss as possible, which is death here.” That flow of communication has led to a flourishing business. However, Missy said it’s the couple’s passion for the industry that has led to their success. “We really do love it,” she said. “Our children love to be here. Chris, he’s a good row crop farmer, but he’s a hell of a catfish farmer. He takes a lot of pride in it. We both do. This is our way of life here.” Earlier this year, the McGlawns were recognized for that passion when they received Mississippi’s 2017 Catfish Farmers of the Year Award, becoming the first couple to receive the honor. v v v
Chris, 37, is from Swiftown, and Missy
is from Belzoni. The two met while attending Humphreys Academy. Chris, who is about four years older than Missy, said they were always friends throughout school — although he may have been carrying a torch for Missy from the time the two were in grade school. “He loved me from the first time he saw me,” Missy said. After graduating, Chris attended Delta State University. He had planned to go to school to become an anesthesiologist. They began dating some while Chris was in college. Then after graduating high school, Missy moved to New York to attend the Fashion Institute of Technology. “So needless to say, she drags me to New York every winter,” said Chris. Missy eventually came back to the area, and the couple later married. They now have two children: Reece, 10, and Anna Rivers, 9. They reside a couple of miles away from Delta Cat Fisheries. v v v
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While in college, Chris broke into the catfish industry with custom seining, which is how the fish are harvested from ponds using large nets. In 2006, Chris and Missy decided to take the plunge into farming. “We didn’t start off big. It wasn’t left to us. Our families didn’t come from money,” said Missy. “Chris and I got married, and he had always seined, and he said, ‘Let’s fish farm,’ and I said, ‘All right.’” They rented about 60 to 80 acres with six ponds and got started by purchasing fry out of the hatchery and raising them until they grew to about 6- to 7-inch fingerlings. The fingerlings were sold to food fish farmers, which is what the McGlawns are now. “I was actually supplying the customers who I seined for,” Chris said. Chris said he got into the business during some of the worst years for catfish farming. “In 2006 and 2007, we had an oversupply of fish,” Chris said. “That’s really when a lot of imports were hitting us really bad and price dropped to high
PageNM Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
PageNN Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
aÉäí~=`~í=cáëÜÉêáÉë=Å~íÑáëÜ=ëïáã=ìé=íç=íÜÉ=ëìêÑ~ÅÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=ï~íÉê=íç=É~í=ÑççÇK=b~ÅÜ=çÑ=íÜÉ=NQ=éçåÇë=~í=íÜÉ=Ñ~êã=áë=ÑáääÉÇ=ïáíÜ=~Äçìí=NMMIMMM=Å~íÑáëÜI=ïÜáÅÜ=~êÉ=~=ÜóÄêáÇ=Åêçëë ÄÉíïÉÉå=~=ÄäìÉ=Å~íÑáëÜ=~åÇ=~=ÅÜ~ååÉä=Å~íÑáëÜK 50s, low 60s cents per pound, and it takes about 75 to 80 cents to $1 a pound to raise them. Everybody was losing money, and nobody was buying fingerlings.” Missy recalled when the couple began catfish farming. “The first years were horrible,” she said. “We really struggled.” Chris said, “We didn’t make any money, but we never gave up.” Chris, who is also a first-generation farmer of row crops, said his seining business and row crops helped the couple make it through the tough times of the catfish industry. “That pretty much got us out of the hole every year,” he said. “To farm catfish, it’s very hard to get money back.” The McGlawns persevered and made it through the hard years. In 2009, they bought the 160-acre catfish farm. v v v
The farm, which is now Delta Cat Fisheries, was built in the mid- to late 1960s. The 160 acres originally held four 40-acre catfish ponds. Over the years, the ponds were split into several 15- to
20-acre ponds. When the McGlawns began farming on the land, Chris starting working to rebuild the farm completely. “When we first moved here, we had eight to 10 ponds, and now we’re at 14 ponds,” he said. Over the past three years, Chris worked to build the farm into what it is now, and they found different ways to farm. Delta Cat Fisheries features a raceway system, which is an innovative way to farm catfish. Raceway aquaculture, or a flow-through system, uses a continuously running source of water. The method helps aerate the water and filter out natural waste or pollutants that would harm the water quality or oxygen levels. “They’re not made for everyone, but this seems to work well for us,” said Chris. Delta Cat Fisheries is a hybrid operation. Each of its ponds contains 100,000 fish, which are a hybrid cross between a blue cat and a channel cat. “It’s just a faster, more aggressive, better-yielding fish,” said Chris. “Typically with a channel cat, you put them in the water right now, and it’s going to take
about 18 months to two years to get it to processing level. I put the hybrids in, and I’m able to sell them this fall.” The McGlawns recently purchased 160 more acres of land adjacent to their farm. After the construction of new ponds on the land, Delta Cat Fisheries will double in size in about 18 months. v v v
Chris works long hours at the farm from the spring months until the first frost, which is usually late November or early December. He’s not alone, though. Missy and their children are right there with him. “It’s extremely hard work,” said Missy. “Your summers, you can forget it. You’re not going to the beach or on a family vacation. You can barely go to a restaurant and make it home by the time you need to be back on the farm.” Chris watches the oxygen levels at night, and Missy and the kids come in the morning to turn off tractors and move them out of the ponds. Throughout the day, she feeds the fish. Chris said his wife is the best feed person in the industry. “She’s got more patience than I do, so
I told her, ‘If you can feed them, I can keep them alive,’” he said. Missy has been feeding catfish for almost 12 years, and “they just eat for me,” she said. Like a nurturing mother, she cares for the fish in each pond. “I’ve seen her on the side of the levee talking to them because they wouldn’t eat,” said Chris. “She calls them in and says, ‘Come on and eat.’” In fact, the couple both view their fish as additional children. “We have two babies at home, and we have 1.5 million babies here,” said Chris. Missy said she gets a feeling of satisfaction watching the fish grow and even cries when one dies. “You put your fingerlings in there, and you feed them all summer, and hopefully we keep them alive. When you get ready to seine that first pond, there is no greater joy or satisfaction than seeing that sized fish come out,” she said. “It’s really a lot of fun, and we really do enjoy it together as a family.” The McGlawns’ children have been involved with catfish farming most of their lives. Chris said he hopes to pass the farm on to them one day.
“Together, we started from the ground up. We’ve got blood, sweat and tears in this farm. We got in at the worst time, and we struggled in the beginning. We endured a few hard times and came back. This farm is everything to us.” `Üêáë=jÅdä~ïå
PageNO Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
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Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017
Missy McGlawn drives a catfish food truck by a Delta Cat Fisheries pond. Chris McGlawn says his wife is “the best feed person in the industry.” “I know for a fact Reece will be a second-generation farmer,” said Missy. “He’s already decided.” Chris said by the time his son is 20 he’ll have 15 years’ experience on the farm. “He’ll probably know more at 20 than I know at 37 right now,” he said. trying to make it easier for them to come into it, because it was difficult to start. We’re first-generation farmers, and everything you start on your own is twice as diffi-
cult.”
v v v
Missy said catfish farming is a way of life for the family — and they enjoy it. “I don’t think there’s anything better than fish farming, really,” she said. Chris said the family puts everything they have into all of their ventures, but their hearts have
always been with the catfish farm. “Together, we started from the ground up,” he said. “We’ve got blood, sweat and tears in this farm. We got in at the worst time, and we struggled in the beginning. We endured a few hard times and came back. This farm is everything to us.” Missy added, “It’s more of a passion for us. We will never not fish farm.” n
PageNQ Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
PageNR Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017 c^ojfkd =======================================================================================================================================================================
Larry Smith Jr.
Farm life
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Manager follows in father’s footsteps
arming has been a big part of Larry Smith Jr.’s life. Smith, 39, has been the farm manager for Due West Farm of Glendora for nine years. “I started pretty much working full time in ’98 working for Dwight Dunn of Itta Bena,” he said. He also worked for Dave and Tom Grossman for five years. Smith said farming, to one extent or another, has been in his family’s blood for a long time. His father, Larry Smith Sr., ran the McLean Gin Co. of Itta Bena. However, as cotton production began to wane in the mid-1980s, his father closed the gin. For a time, Smith said, his father helped his uncle, Rex Makamson, in his farming operation, before deciding to go into the insurance business. Smith said he always had an interest in farming. “I’ve always liked working on the farm off and on through the years.” The job is a continual learning process, he said: “Every day is different. You’ve got to change and adapt. there’s nothing set in stone. I learned a lot from Dwight.” April and May are perhaps the busiest times for a farm manager. “You’re trying to get everything planted, sprayed and fertilized,” Smith said. “Right now, we’re laying pipe. We’re getting ready to start irrigating corn.” In the summer, efforts turn to irriga-
“There are worse things you could be doing than something you love doing and enjoy doing. Plus, you get to duck and deer hunt all December and January.” i~êêó=pãáíÜ=gêK
tion and spraying for plant bugs. Fall is centered around harvesting operations with numerous machines in the field all at once, he said. Smith and his boss, Mike Sturdivant, stay in touch with each other constantly. “I see him every day. If he’s gone somewhere, he calls and checks in. He likes to know what’s going on,” Smith said. Despite the best-laid plans, changes happen every day, so communication and corrective action have to be extremely precise and coordinated, he said. Smith said he supervises 20 employees who work in the farming operation throughout the year. He communicates with his team via cellphone and radios and also rides over the farm. “I’m not sitting in an office. I’m in my truck going from one place to the other. ... You pretty much know where everybody is supposed to be,” Smith said. Smith grew up in Greenwood, until his father and his mother, Caroline,
moved to Ocean Springs. After graduating from high school in Ocean Springs in 1995, he attended Mississippi Delta Community College in Moorhead. For a time, Smith helped farmer Bobby Poe. While there, he shared a trailer in Schlater with Bobby’s son, Riley, and Lauren Green. Riley Poe became a farmer in his own right, and Green attended Mississippi State University. He is now a crop consultant and a farmer, Smith said. Smith said his work gives him a sense of satisfaction. “Whatever it is, whether it’s cotton, corn or beans, being able to plant something, grow it and harvest it at the end, is very rewarding,” he said. After all, he said, a lot of people have boring jobs. “There are worse things you could be doing than something you love doing and enjoy doing. Plus, you get to duck and deer hunt all December and January,” Smith said. Naturally there are a few drawbacks.
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“You’re really not ever off work, which is fine; it’s not a big deal,” he said. “I don’t ever wake up and dread going to work. I can’t tell you anything else I’d rather do.” Smith and his wife, Leslie, have been married for nine years. They have a son, Tripp, 8, and a daughter, Caroline, 2. The family lives on Due West Farm. “It has its advantages and it has its disadvantages,” he said. “We’re 30 minutes from everywhere. My son plays ball several nights a week — he goes to Pillow — but my wife works in Greenwood, so that all works out.” Still, on most nights, Smith gets to have dinner with his family at home. He often thinks of what his mother, who passed away five years ago, used to say about him when he was a little boy. “She said I was always happy because I got to play in the dirt,” Smith said. Now, his job allows him to live that dream on a big scale. “I wouldn’t do it if I didn’t like it,” he said. n
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Cotton
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Comeback crop Miss. farmers expected to plant about 550,000 acres F or several years, corn has slowly been replacing cotton as the Delta’s dominant crop. Now King Cotton — fueled by higher commodity prices — is making a strong comeback. “The report that we got on March 31, the Prospective Plantings Report by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, reported that there are 550,000 acres of cotton planted in the state,” said Dr. Larry Falconer, a Mississippi State University Extension professor at the Delta Research and Extension Center of Stoneville. “That’s up 26 percent from 2016, which was 435,000 acres. It’s substantial.” Chip Upchurch, cotton services coordinator for the Greenwood-based cotton cooperative Staplcotn, said, “My guess is it will be between 550,000 and 600,000 acres in the state.” Cotton is grown in 17 states, stretching from Virginia to California, covering approximately 10 million acres, according to the National Cotton Council of America. “From this combined acreage, the nation’s cotton farmers annually harvest
about 14 million bales or 6.7 billion pounds of cotton. Total economic activity stimulated by the crop in the U.S. economy is estimated at over $75 billion,” the council reported. With the sharp decline in cotton production since 2011, there’s also been a reduction in ginning capacity in the state’s cotton belt, Falconer said. Upchurch said the reduction in ginning capacity will make future ginning seasons longer. “Ten years ago, we were finished by Halloween. Now, with the number of gins decreasing, you’re looking at getting through between Thanksgiving and Christmas,” he said. Cotton, a very capital-intensive crop in the best of times, has higher input costs than corn or soybeans. These include pesticides such as herbicides and insecticides. Therefore cotton’s economic impact in the community is greater, Falconer said: “There’s going to be more activity involved.” The Cotton Council reports, “At the farm level alone, the production of each year’s crop involves the purchase of approximately $5.6 billion worth of pur-
chased inputs, labor, and equipment ... stimulating business activity for factories and enterprises throughout the country.” “In a typical year, U.S. cotton farmers invest more than $920 million in fertilizers, $695 million in agricultural chemicals and $1 billion in planting seed. They also pay out more than $2.1 billion in fuel and equipment and $155 million in farm labor,” the Cotton Council reported. In addition to fiber, annual cottonseed production averages 5 million tons nationally. More than 6 billion pounds of whole cottonseed and cottonseed meal are used in feed for livestock, dairy cattle and poultry, the Cotton Council reports. Technology, such as John Deere’s CP960 cotton picker — which can pick, bale and shrink-wrap round cotton modules in one operation — has made picking cotton easier and less labor-intensive than ever, Falconer said. Although a CP960 costs around $700,000, a large percentage of cotton farmers have already transitioned to the new machine.
Upchurch estimates that 50 percent of cotton pickers being used today are of the module-making variety. Irrigation is an important factor in planting decisions, Falconer said. He noted that in 2016, only 229,000 cotton acres were “dryland” or non-irrigated. Falconer said crop rotation is valuable tool for farmers in an effort to control weeds and insects. He added that soybeans help to replenish nitrogen in the soil. Falconer said that peanut acreage in the Delta has remained largely unchanged. According to the Prospective Plantings Report, 44,000 acres will be planted in the state — up slightly from the 39,000 acres that were planted in 2016, he said. Falconer said the markets will largely determine the direction which farmers will take: “It’s cyclical.” Upchurch said there is an upside to cotton that is not available to other crops: “You have a check coming on cotton — a gin rebate and a warehouse rebate. With corn, you take it to the elevator and you get a check; that’s it.” n
“The report that we got on March 31, the Prospective Plantings Report by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, reported that there are 550,000 acres of cotton planted in the state. That’s up 26 percent from 2016, which was 435,000 acres. It’s substantial.” aêK=i~êêó=c~äÅçåÉê jáëëáëëáééá=pí~íÉ=råáîÉêëáíó
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Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017
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Greenwood Commonwealth / Sunday, May 21, 2017
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AUCTION COMPANY, LLC
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