Revised June 28, 2016
What is BeautySafeTM?
BeautyCouncilTM initiative to raise & maintain high standards in a deregulated industry
Online education tool promoting safe sanitation protocols & standards
Developed to educate PSE Owners and Operators to ensure they understand infection control, cleanliness and disinfection
Why was BeautySafeTM created?
Need for information and awareness Currently no industry standards for health & safety in place Public concern over health and safety To promote mainstream safety measures
Benefits of BeautySafeTM
Standardization Reduces health risks & infections for you & your clients Protects your client’s & your reputation Enhances client confidence that safety standards are upheld Assists in refreshing knowledge on safe sanitation protocols & standards
Who should take BeautySafeTM? ALL Personal Services Establisment (PSE) owners, employees and stakeholders: Students
& Apprentices Salon & Spa staff School Instructors and Owners Health Inspectors
BeautySafeTM Certification Wall-Mount size certificate Window decal for businesses Valid for 5 years
BeautySafeTM General Trades Practice Outcomes
develop your awareness in ways to prevent contaminations understand the differences between sanitation, disinfection and sterilization identify implements and proper techniques for cleaning them Universal Precautions, what are they?
General Trade Practices
Infection Control
Infection control and prevention are correct procedures & techniques to prevent or reduce the spread of infection & disease.
Infection occurs when body’s tissue is invaded by: pathogens harmful disease causing bacteria, viruses and fungi
Infection Control
You can get an infection when:
Breathing in droplets containing bacteria/virus
Eating contaminated food or drinking water
Contact with open sores, contaminated equipment, surfaces, or food
Personal Service Establishment Personal
Service Establishments (PSE) include but are not limited to:
Hair Salons/Barber Shops Spas Nail Salons Body & Ear Piercing Shops Shaving & Waxing Facilities Tattoo Shops
Contagious or Communicable Disease
Spread from person to person through contact:
breathing in droplets after someone coughs or sneezes ingesting contaminated food or water dirty hands use of dirty surfaces, objects & implements contact of open sores, pus, mouth & nose discharge
Infectious Microorganisms
Bacteria Virus Fungus
Bacteria
One-celled microorganism causing infection
Lives & reproduces on its own and exists almost anywhere: On your body In the air & water On clothing Under nails In your body’s secretions
Bacteria
Non-Pathogenic Bacteria live on skin & mucous membranes (inside mouth & nose) without causing infections
Pathogenic Bacteria can invade & cause the following infections: Cellulitis (bacterial inflammation of skin) Pustules (boils) Abscesses (swollen areas within body tissue, containing pus) Pneumonia (lung inflammation) Meningitis (infection of brain lining)
Non-Pathogenic Bacteria
Harmless, do not cause disease Helpful bacteria: Help break down food Stimulate immune system May protect against infection
Pathogenic Bacteria
Harmful, may cause disease or infection if entered into body
Pathogenic Bacteria transmitted by: Direct or indirect contact with infected people Droplets from coughing or sneezing Drinking or eating contaminated food or water
Types of Pathogenic Bacteria Bacilli cause diseases like typhoid fever, tuberculosis Spirilla causes diseases like syphilis, lyme disease Cocci Staphylococci Streptococci Diplococci
Types of Pathogenic Bacteria Staphylococci - Most common human bacteria carried on skin, spread through contact like shaking hands • Streptococci - Strep throat & blood poisoning • Diplococci - Pneumonia •
Virus •
A disease causing microorganism capable of infecting almost all plants, animals and even bacteria • Can multiple on its own but must invade a living cell to multiply • Antibiotics cannot cure viruses, must use other vaccines • Common viruses: - cold, influenza, hepatits, HIV - food poisoning, liver damage, - chicken pox, rabies, measles, mumps
Blood-borne Pathogens • Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are transmitted into the body through blood and body fluids
• Spread when blood or body fluids of infected person, equipment or surface enter the bloodstream or mucus membranes of another person
• Sources of blood-borne pathogens infection (e.g. Hepatitis B or C, HIV): - broken skin, cut, needle-stick injury, splash to the mouth, eyes or nose
Types of Pathogenic Viruses: Hepatitis B Very infectious, spread through sexual contact, tattooing, piercing, needle pricks, razors, toothbrush Strongly recommend personal service workers immunized against Hep B virus Hepatitis C Not as infectious, spread by tattooing, piercing or any activity involving blood no vaccine for Hep C virus Both lead to lifelong liver damage Acute infection: fatigue, joint pain, nausea, stomach aches, jaundice
Prevention: strict avoidance of blood & body fluid contact, disinfection & sterilization procedures
Types of Pathogenic Viruses:
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus Spread through blood & body fluids, unprotected sexual contact, needle sharing, tattooing or skin piercing Less infectious than Hep B or C viruses but no vaccine for protection Breaks down body’s immune system so no longer capable to fight infection leading to AIDS
Prevention: strict disinfection & sterilization procedures
Types of Pathogenic Viruses: Influenza Flu, highly contagious, viral infection leading to respiratory illness Disease of lungs and upper airways Contact from contaminated surfaces like hands or droplets in air from coughs or sneezes to eyes, nose or mouth Flu Symptoms headache, chills, rapid fever, appetite loss infected people with flu contagious from the day before they feel symptoms
Prevention: flu vaccination
Types of Pathogenic Fungi:
Fungal infections are contagious and easily transmitted from person to person Spread through contaminated implements like: Combs Brushes Foot baths Manicure/Pedicure implements Fungi infections: Nail fungi Athlete’s foot Tinea (ring worm)
•
Prevention: Proper cleaning & disinfection procedures & frequent hand washing
Types of Pathogenic Parasites: Must have a host to survive Spread by direct person-to-person contact by sharing: combs bedding underclothes Hats Types of parasites: scabies & head lice Prevention: proper cleaning & disinfection procedures
Immunity
Sign of good health Ability to fight and destroy pathogens that have entered body Method to protect against infectious bacteria, viruses & microorganisms Natural Immunity developed through clean, heathy & hygienic lifestyle Acquired Immunity developed after body has overcome a disease or through vaccination
Skin Disorders: Lesions
Structural change in the skin tissue caused by injury or damage
Primary Lesions: early stages of skin tissue change (i.e. blisters, cysts, macules, papules & pustules
Secondary Lesions: later stages of disease (i.e. crusts, ulcers & scars
Skin Disorders: Contact Dermatitis
Skin coming in contact with certain products which cause an adverse effect
Allergic dermatitis: skin allergic to product like latex, chemicals, hair colors. Irritant contact dermatitis: skin is damaged by certain irritating products Symptoms are redness, swelling & itching
Prevention: do not perform service on infected skin area, refer client to physician
Single-Use Items
Designed to be used ONCE, then DISPOSED OF Process of cleaning and disinfecting will damage or change it Disposing of it is safer & easier than cleaning it Instruments that may contact blood and prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens Examples: Cotton pads, needles, lancets, razors, porous nail files, wooden spatulas, neck strips, wax strips
Multi-Use Items
REUSABLE Can be cleaned and disinfected or sterilized safely Safe to use on another client Examples: combs brushes bowls tweezers scissors towels linens
Implement Classification
Critical: Penetrate or puncture the skin
Semi-Critical: Not intended to puncture the skin, may accidentally
Non-Critical: Do not penetrate the skin
Implement Classification: Critical
Penetrate or puncture the skin Discard following single-use or require proper cleaning & sterilizing Examples: Cosmetic tattooing needles Lancets, razors Comedone extractors
Implement Classification: Semi-Critical
Do not penetrate skin Require cleaning & high-level disinfection
Examples: scissors tweezers nail or cuticle nippers cuticle pushers work surfaces & equipment trays
Implement Classification: Non-Critical
Do not penetrate skin Require cleaning & low-level disinfection
Examples: beds chairs work stations headrests
The Reprocessing Environment
“treat or prepare by a special method”
Centralized area Adequate space Separate from where implements are used and stored Access to sinks and running water Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
Principles of Prevention
Cleaning
Disinfection
Sterilization
Cleaning Practice of physically removing all visible debris and organic matter like residual product, dirt, dust, blood, and skin from all surfaces and multi-use salon implements and equipment
Reduces risk of spreading infection or pathogenic microorganisms
Thorough & meticulous cleaning is required prior to implements being disinfected or sterilized
Cleaning Procedure Use detergent or chelating surfactant soap to clean implements
Soak all implements in warm water then scrub implements with clean scrub brush
Rinse in warm water
2 sets of multi-use implements recommended to allow time to be cleaned, disinfected & sterilized properly
Gloves worn while cleaning implements
Drying Implements
Properly drying all implements prevents the further growth of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms Dry on clean surface If proceeding with a disinfectant or sterilizer, dry completely with a disposable towel Residual liquids will compromise the effectiveness of the disinfectant or sterilizer Drying important on stainless steel to prevent corrosion
Disinfection
Process of eliminating most microorganisms, including potentially infectious bacteria, fungi and viruses (with the exception of bacterial spores) found on non-living objects Disinfect non-critical & semi-critical multi-use implements after they have been properly cleaned & dried Disinfectants have a Drug Identification Number (DIN), however DIN means product was reviewed by Health Canada to be safe & effective for its intended use All disinfectants made fresh daily according to manufacturer’s directions
Levels of Disinfection
High: Destroys all microorganisms, including potentially infectious bacteria, fungi and viruses. Use on semi-critical implements. Intermediate: Destroys most bacteria, some fungi and some viruses. Use on semicritical implements. Low: Destroys most bacteria, some fungi and some viruses. Use on non-critical implements.
Chemical Disinfectants
Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines Add the disinfectant solution to the water Place in a covered container Completely submerse the implements Change the solution daily or immediately following contamination
Sterilization
Highest level of disinfection Destroys all bacteria, fungus, viruses and bacterial spores Necessary following all invasive treatments the break or pierce skin Critical multi-use implements must be sterilized after use Semi-critical multi-use implements, accidentally come into contact with blood or body fluids must be sterilized or discarded All items should remain in sterile packaging until point of use
Types of Sterilization Chemical
autoclaves: use disinfectant with heat, pressure, time & packaging
Steam
autoclaves: use pressure with heat & time to sterilize. Test strips of time & temperature are monitored ensure effectiveness
Ensure
to follow manufacturer’s instructions
Important Facts About Sterilizers
Load evenly Processing time Point of use Written records Monitor effectiveness
Safe Storing of Chemicals
Away from other supplies and equipment Cool, dry environment Away from other chemicals, heat, furnace With adequate ventilation Clearly label all containers, date when opened Keep a material safety data sheet (MSDS) available
Skin Antiseptics
Chemical agent that inactivates or kills the growth of microorganisms to prevent infection on the surface of the skin & body
Skin antiseptics with alcohol 70% or greater, kills most common bacteria in less than 60 seconds
Recommended prior to performing skincare, waxing, manicure, pedicure, ear piercing, cosmetic tattooing
Storing Implements ď ľStore
all cleaned, disinfected and sterilized implements in a clean, air tight container with a secure lid ď ľUV
sanitizer used as storage only when instruments have been cleaned, disinfected & sterilized
Hand Cleaning
Hand cleaning is the most important procedure for preventing the spread of germs and removing harmful microorganisms.
Hand washing procedure: remove hand and arm jewellery wet your hands with warm (not hot) running water add soap, rub hands together making a lather wash for 20 to 30 seconds, paying attention to the front and back, fingertips, between fingers and under nails rinse well under warm running water, using a rubbing motion wipe and dry gently with a disposable paper towel turn taps off using the paper towel
Personal Protective Equipment
Used to prevent spread of contamination & diseases
Examples of PPE: Gloves Lab coat Face mask Eye wear
Salon & Spa Work Area
Work Stations Lighting at your Work Area Salon Chairs and Treatment Beds Salon and Spa Flooring Refuse Disposal
Salon & Spa Work Area
Air Quality
Ventilation
Safe Chemical Practices
Client Services
Sinks and Service Washing Stations Public Restrooms Beverage Services Reception Area Linen and Laundry Service Salon and Spa Dispensary
Consultation
Should include questions regarding
Take precautions by inspecting the skin and noting concerns/anomalies
general health work environment stress levels desired outcomes
if skin is broken, gloves should be worn.
Explain all aspects of the service requested by the client.
Questions?
General Trade Practices Exam