SHOWCASE 3
ORK STATION – SHARED U.S. Army SPACE – MEETING TABLES - SHELVING
Corps of Engineers
A facility planning analysis and new workplace strategy for the 75,000-square-foot USACE Nashville District offices. GS&P was hired to develop a Workplace Strategy Guide for the U.S. Corps of Engineers’ (USACE) Nashville District offices. Over the past 30-plus years, the USACE has occupied space in the Estes Kefauver Federal Courthouse building in downtown Nashville. Various renovations have taken place through the years without an overriding master plan or strategy, ultimately creating a very disjointed, inefficient space. The scope consisted of the development of a workplace strategy that would establish a unified inspirational workplace and provide a guide for all future renovations.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Nashville District Offices Workplace Strategy I N T E RVI E W /
J ac k W e b er
Who comprises the USACE in Nashville and were their issues clearly evident?
Jack: The USACE in Nashville has more of a civil mission than a military mission, managing much of the region’s river-based commerce, providing water resource engineering solutions as well as infrastructure management. Their mission covers seven states and is represented by senators and congressmen who, along with many other dignitaries, visit the Nashville offices. Image, therefore, plays an important role within their office environment. The problem in this case was obvious when we walked through the space. A haphazard approach had been taken to the USACEs workplace over the past 20 or 30 years, with renovations occurring in small pockets, creating a real separation of people from place as well as the organization, thus prompting the need for a comprehensive workplace strategy that addressed both function and image. The issues to us were obvious. The question was, what did they see as the issue and how were we going to solve it? Describe the existing environment.
Jack: The USACE has leased space in an old federal building for 30 years. Not surprisingly, it is a bland institutional space
that lacks many of the features and functionality that most modern office spaces offer. Because of numerous renovations and band-aid fixes over the years, the space also lacks organization. Understandably, many people have staked their claim to certain areas and are hesitant to embrace change. The problem with this is a lack of collaboration and the disconnect that occurs from the physical walls and disorganization of the space. What were your first steps in developing a strategy and office plan for the organization?
Jack: We started with visioning sessions, which involved group conversations with key leaders within the organization. By asking the right questions, we were able to extract information that helped us educate them on their issues and needs. Based on past experience, we have learned that people do not know what they do not know—you have to continually educate clients throughout the process on what opportunities exist, so they can make informed decisions and create a foundation for change. Since the USACE was not familiar with more current workplace solutions, we were able to lead them in the right direction as they began to talk about their goals and share what was important.
Give an example of how the process begins.
Jack: We start by using two basic graphic diagrams from our report to explain the “how” and “why” of what we will lead them through. The first graphic describes the key phases in the development of a strategy and explains goals, process and involvement. The second graphic explains the main elements of focus for designing interior workplaces: efficiency, effectiveness and expression. Efficiency examines how well an employee is using his or her space. Effectiveness ensures the right space is being used for the right activities to support the organization, i.e.: Does the space respond to change easily? Does it provide a healthy, energetic, innovative, creative atmosphere for employees? Expression is both internal and external and looks at the organization’s core values. When an environment is in such need of reorganization, is this educational process overwhelming to the client? How do you offset their apprehension?
Jack: Yes, it can be overwhelming, and we are now in the process of helping them decide how to actually implement the strategy. The leadership understands it. They see the bigger picture and know it is important, but some of the workers are now dealing with the implications of
Judges' comments
Great to add sociology as a design element showcase 3
gresham , s m ith and partners
VISION STATEMENT
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
Develop a facility master plan to house a well-organized, professional courteous workforce that provides exceptional services to the Corps, and to our public.
1. Meet or exceed Army DoD regulatio location per employee.
EFFICIENCY
EFFECTIVENESS
EXPRESSION
USING WORKPLACE DESIGN TO AFFECT BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
staff performance Support internal values: e.g. Facilitate culture shifts
Increase staff productivity Motivation and retention Knowledge management Innovation & creativity
Drive down total cost of occupancy
internal expression support to work processes health, safety and comfort
external expression
adaptability & flexibility
efficiency in real estate and space planning Support Sustainability Initiatives
Attract & retain customers
R Respond to business and technological change
2. Support efficiency goals by developi on-site document storage standard.
3. Provide for seamless transition and ibility for District or Departmental e traction/relocation through simplifie standards for individual and shared port spaces.
Strategy sessions began 4. Develop appropriate meeting spaces with a review of the entire tools that support collaborative, crea process, including the three ing and decision making between em key focus points: efficiency, effectiveness and expression.
5. Create an improved professional wo that elevates workforce productivity functional processes and workflow f tion.
6. Utilize branding concepts, access to light and consistent architectural des materials to provide a distinguishab sphere that communicates the Corp helps attract and retain quality staff; sense of pride in their work, their ph and the organization.
7. Within the workplace strategy, addr Operating Principles as it relates to t ment.
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tation d to shared d shared eam areas on division act as an idual work
Overall Organization Cultural Diagram The previous six diagrams are compiled into one overall organizational diagram as shown here. Based on the responses we received, STRATEGY CULTURE your organizational culture is shifting DIRECTION CHARACTERISTICS toward a more results-oriented culCLAN T E AM W O R Kto be in ture or “Market” with a desire a less formalized and more amicable work environment. In addition, there is a slight movement toward a more ADHOCRACY MOBILIT Y/ dynamic and creative workplace. ADAPTATION,
CULTURE CLASSIFICATION
PROJECT VISION STATEM ENT:
FORMALIZED STRUC TURE
While main organizatio of privacy, has been es individual g
MARKE T
RESULTS ORIENTED, UNIFORMIT Y
The work e organizatio tional servi the office p as the orga attract and ing the Ben highlight a continue to
Culture: Based on employee survey CULTURAL ASSESSMENT responses, the organization was shown to be shifting toward a more results-oriented culture, or “market,” with a desire to be in a less formalized, more amicable work environment. In addition, there was a slight movement toward a more dynamic and creative workplace.
MEDIA PRESENTATION WALLS
INTERͲ CHANGEABLE OFFICE / SMALL CONFERENCE
SMALL CONFERENCE 10’w X 12’D
LARGE CONFERENCE 20w X 24’d
MEDIUM CONFERENCE 20’w X 12’d
PROJECT ROOM 20’w X 12’d
CONFERENCE / TRAINING
LARGE CONFERENCE 40’w X 22’d
TYPICAL GRID SIZED ROOMS FOR FLEXIBLE ROOM CHANGES
LARGE TRAINING 40’w X 22’d
• SHARED CONFERENCE AND TRAINING THROUGHOUT ALL FLOORS • STANDARD 10’w X 12’d GRID SYSTEM OF SIZES FOR FLEXIBILITY • PRIVATE OFFICE AND SMALL CONFERENCE Ͳ INTERCHANGEABLE • FULL HEIGHT SOUND BATT INSULATION WALLS • FULL HEIGHT AND WIDTH STORE FRONT WINDOWS (ETCHING FILM OPTIONAL) • STANDARD FURNITURE (TABLES ANDCHAIRS) FOR FLEXIBILITY AND MULTIͲFUNCTION showcase 3 gresham , s m ith and partners • LOCATION: INTERNAL GLASS FRONTS FOR VIEWS AND NATURAL LIGHT, CLERESTORY WINDOWS WHEN VIEWS ARE NOT POSSIBLE
Planning w component
HIERAR CHY
CULTURAL ASSESSMENT
ENCLAVE 10’w X 8’D
Increase in fee areas, et
More open tion and pr
Develop a facility master plan to house a well-organized, professional and courteous workforce that provides exceptional services to the USACE and the public.
STORE FRONT WINDOWS
Increase in enclaves
INNO VATION
PRIMARY CULTURE DIRECTION
14
Defined Pu impromptu
Kit-of-parts: Spaces sized correctly according to function are a primary focus when developing standards. Equally important is developing a planning module that can fit a variety of functions within the same space or a multiple of that module.
losing the comfortable silos they have worked in for the past 30 years. A change management program in even the simplest form is vital to educating the staff on the vision, goals, process and longterm benefits of the improvements to their workplace. Were there any sustainable considerations in your strategy?
Jack: One of the USACEs primary roles is to be good stewards of the environment, but their emphasis is more on the natural environment and not so much in the workplace. We worked to educate the USACE on sustainable issues within the context of the office in terms of energy and water conservation, indoor environmental quality, and the use of sustainable building and finish materials. They have never intentionally chosen environmentally friendly materials or addressed energy saving measures for their workspace. Sustainable design approaches are a foundation of what we do at GS&P, and any recommendations for interior renovation are going to include ways to save energy and protect the environment. The USACE understands and believes in its importance, but it was up to us to show them how. What is a “kit-of-parts� and explain its significance in strategy development.
Jack: A kit-of-parts is about creating office standards that work together both from a dimensional and functional crossover
standpoint. It is all about flexibility. We focus on the needs of the client as well as the geometries of the building, such as the column base, structure, window spacing and the grid of the building from the core to the perimeter. Understanding the geometry helps us see the flexibility of a space. By starting with small five-foot by five-foot or four-foot by four-foot building blocks, we see how a workstation could be divided into two workstations or be built as an office. The single office footprint can serve multiple functions: two offices could be built into a medium conference room, and two medium conference rooms could convert into a large conference room. The kit-ofparts allows us to ensure the elements fit together logically, which means changes can easily be made later, if necessary. Discuss the importance of understanding place, process, technology and culture when developing a workplace strategy.
Jack: Those are all aspects we must understand before we design a workplace effectively. The concept of understanding who people are and how they interact with each other is fairly straightforward. Place is all about the atmosphere and the image you want to create. Process is about how people interact with one another. Are they a collaborative group, head/stem group or a transactional group? We look at what the space is telling us about how they interact as
an organization. We have to understand the technology they use to affect process. Do they use video conferencing for presentations or wireless services that allow mobility? Culture is not as tangible; it involves knowing how people work internally, their hierarchy, how they get things done, and how they are motivated and rewarded. The more you understand their culture, the more you can tailor the workplace to support it. If their leadership is all about collaboration, yet their space does not support it, employees will build silos and individual spaces. Over the years, this causes severe disconnect. How did you collect this information?
Jack: In addition to several observation sessions, we conducted surveys, interviews and focus groups. The cultural assessment process includes a web-based survey that went out to the entire organization. Responses are plotted in a series of charts that help inform us of how to apply physical elements of the workplace to support the various cultural aspects of their organization. Was there an educational tool that was particularly effective?
Jack: Focus group sessions are particularly effective at drawing out key issues and opportunities. Focus groups were comprised of representatives from each group within the organization, from
Judges' comments
Mapping psychology to workspace is fascinating g resha m, s mith and partners
showcase 3
administrative staff to executives. At USACE, we did a two-part focus group workshop. Part one was an educational session to open up discussions about what was important to them and why. We also shared what other organizations are doing in their work environments. We talked about the effects of opening a space to allow collaboration, discussed the different ways spaces can be used, and showed them our analysis of their workspace based on the survey feedback and observations. Part two took them a step further to show what we created based on their feedback from the first session. Basically, the workshop facilitated conversation to help them understand what was and was not working for them. If you had to pick one fundamental element of your strategy you believe is essential for their work environment, what would it be?
Jack: There are actually two key areas that need to be addressed. The first is to break down the boundaries between their internal organizations. The second is to develop office standards that can be applied equally across the organization. At present, they approach each change as a separate renovation. They choose the furniture and finishes for that group without any consideration for how it connects with the rest of the group. As a result, there is no flexibility because they have created their own standards that apply to each little space. Has it been a big challenge to break them out of the band-aid mindset?
Jack: Yes, but they realize it, which is why they reached out to us. They just needed someone from the outside to help them
showcase 3
do it right. Luckily, the military deputy commanders stationed at the Nashville district recognized the opportunity and the long-term need. One of the judges stated that it was “great to add sociology as a design element.� Do you think sociology as a design element should be incorporated into every project?
Jack: Absolutely. Architecture and interior spaces transform behavior, in both good ways and bad. As designers, in order for us to provide places and spaces that encourage positive influence, we must first comprehend the physical, cognitive and emotional needs of the user. You have to understand human behavior and the sociological aspects of how people feel about change and how they interact with one another in order to implement a design effectively. Workplace strategy development definitely helps reinforce GS&P as experts in this particular area of design. Strategy in this sense is about leading clients into directions that they would not necessarily go themselves. There is a fine line between pushing someone too hard or too fast and knowing how to push them to a comfortable point beyond their normal boundaries, so they can recognize the benefits of change. That ability makes us leaders and puts us out in front of our competition.
Culture Market
Through all the steps to develop this strategy, what portion of this project has been the most gratifying to you?
Jack: Moving a client out of their normal comfort zone to new places where they are excited and recognize the true benefits of what we can bring to them is a great feeling. Seeing the light bulbs go on for people is tremendously rewarding, and we have had fun along the way.
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Early renderings for a market culture concept were driven by focusing on customers, results and a competitive atmosphere.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Nashville District Nashville, Tennessee Workplace strategy consu lting
TEAM Princi pa l - in - char g e
Jack E. Weber, IIDA, MCR, LEED AP
Project Mana g er
Jen Howard Murphy, IIDA, LEED AP
Project p ro f essiona l
Jen Howard Murphy, IIDA, LEED AP
www.gspnet.com ARCHITECTURE
ENGINEERING
INTERIORS
PLANNING
Gresham, Smith and Partners provides design and consulting solutions for the built environment that contribute to the success of national and international clients. For more than 40 years, GS&P has focused on enhancing quality of life and sustainability within communities. GS&P consists of industry-leading professionals practicing architecture and engineering design as well as scientists and highly specialized planning and strategic consultants in Aviation, Corporate and Urban Design, Environmental Compliance, Healthcare, Industrial, Land Planning, Transportation and Water Services. GS&P consistently ranks among the top architecture and engineering firms in the United States. For more information regarding GS&P, visit www.gspnet.com.