GEORGE SOVICH PORTFOLIO OF WORK george.sovich@gmail.com
GEORGE SOVICH PHONE:
702.575.2161
ADDRESS:
1604 W 27TH ST. LOS ANGELES CA, 90007 EMAIL:
george.sovich@gmail.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GEORGE SOVICH PHONE:
702.575.2161
01 SACRED RELIC
02 VORTI C I T Y
03 M O D P O D
04 DOUBLE STACK
ADDRESS:
1604 W 27TH ST. LOS ANGELES CA, 90007 EMAIL:
george.sovich@gmail.com
SACRED RELIC
MUSEUM FOR THE SPACE SHUTTLE ENDEAVOUR EXPOSITION PARK, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007
HOUSING A NATIONAL AND CULTURAL ARTIFACT Introverted yet monumental, the Endeavour Museum serves as an instrument for technology and education in the expansive Los Angeles fabric. Anchoring and reinforcing the role of knowledge in contemporary society, the complex rises above its surroundings, becoming an urban landmark for its increasingly disperse population. Given its significance to the adjacent community and its ability to generate local and regional identity, the function of the complex is inherently similar to cathedral of traditional society. Iconic, powerful, and symbolic of a higher purpose, the museum will inspire generations of observers that fall beneath its impressive shadow. In a larger essence, the relationship between the cathedral and the surrounding community can be analyzed as a relationship of movement. The flow of people into the node is one perspective, but it also entails the flow of knowledge and discourse into an area of cultural enlightenment. Similarly, the history of aerospace technology can be described as the history of and desire for transcendental movement. Ever since the inception of the space shuttle, the thought of moving past the earth’s atmosphere has been on the forefront of desires of the space shuttle program. It is this concept of movement that is used metaphorically to inform form, aesthetics, and ordering strategies within the facility. The aesthetic language becomes an operation of the skin; as the envelope is lifted to allow entry and pulled apart to reveal particular gallery spaces. Elegant and continuous, it is this surface that both encloses and liberates the observer, perpetually moving and guiding the guest throughout the facility.
GALLERY
EMPLOYEE CORRIDOR
OFFICES
OFFICES
255’-0”
195’-0”
175’-0”
155’-0”
ENDEAVOUR GALLERY 115’-0”
75’-0”
60’-0”
40’-0”
MAIN COURTYARD BACK OF HOUSE
PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION BY CATEGORY OFFICES OFFICES OFFICES EXTERIOR DELIVERY BAY EXTERIOR DELIVERY BAY SHIPPING / RECEIVING STORAGE AND CONS. STORAGE AND CONS. VISITOR AMENITIES MECHANICAL AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT HUMANS IN SPACE HUMANS IN SPACE HUMANS IN SPACE MISSION TO THE PLANETS MISSION TO THE PLANETS MISSION TO THE PLANETS ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION ERAS IN SPACE EXTERNAL FUEL TANK MAIN ENGINES SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS LIFE AND HUMAN SYSTEMS LANDING ON THE GROUND SECURITY MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS PARKING PARKING PARKING PARKING OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE
5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 1,000 4,000 2,000 5,000 5,000 2,500 5,000 5,000 2,500 5,000 5,000 2,500 5,000 5,000 2,500 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 1,500 1.500 2,000 1,500 4,000 200 400 800 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
PROGRAM ARRANGEMENT: TRADITIONAL STORY ARC
CLIMAX
DENOUEMENT
TIME
FINAL RESOLUTION
RISING ACTION
INCITING ACTION
EXPOSITION
TENSION
The program shall be arranged in the manner of a traditional story line. The existing structure serves as the exposition, the aerospace hall as the rising action, the Endeavour exhibit as the climax, and the auxiliary exhibitions as the denouement. Together they create a dramatic experience for the patrons.
AREA DISTRIBUTION SCENARIO 1: BASE PROGRAM AEROSPACE HALL:
AREA DISTRIBUTION SCENARIO 2: PUBLIC / PRIVATE 89,000 SF
PUBLIC:
112,000 SF
VISITOR AMENITIES AIRCRAFT HUMANS IN SPACE MISSION TO THE PLANETS ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ENDEAVOUR EXHIBIT ERAS IN SPACE EXTERNAL FUEL TANK MAIN ENGINES SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS LIFE AND THE HUMAN SYSTEMS LANDING ON THE GROUND GREEN SPACE
52.9%
75.5%
ENDEAVOUR EXHIBIT:
26,500 SF
AUXILIARY EXHIBIT:
17,900 SF
INFRASTRUCTURE:
20,000 SF
15.7%
10.6%
PRIVATE:
11.9% 24.5% 8.9%
COMMUNITY:
TOTAL BUILDING AREA: TOTAL PROJECT AREA: TOTAL SITE AREA:
15,000 SF
133,400 SF 168,400 SF 40,000 SF
36,400 SF
OFFICES EXTERIOR DELIVERY BAY SHIPPING AND RECEIVING STORAGE AND CONSERVATION MECHANICAL SECURITY MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS
TOTAL PUBLIC AREA: TOTAL PRIVATE AREA: COMBINED AREA:
112,000 SF 36,400 SF 148,400 SF
DESIGNING AROUND AN OBJECT Given the importance of the artifacts in which the museum will house, a careful analysis was conducted on the dimensions and specifications of the space shuttle Endeavour and its corresponding equipment. Through this investigation, the appropriate amount of space and configuration was determined in order to provide for the slimmest tower design possible.
MINIMUM GROUND CLEARANCES
SPACE SHUTTLE DIMENSIONS
BODY FLAP 12.07 Feet
WINGSPAN 78.06 Feet
MAIN GEAR (DOOR) 2.85 Feet
TOTAL LENGTH 122.17 Feet
NOSE GEAR (DOOR) 2.95 Feet
HEIGHT 56.58 Feet
WING TIP 11.92 Feet
TREAD WIDTH 22.67 Feet
MANEUVERING A LARGE OBJECT The site has been arranged in order for the Endeavour to arrive in its predetermined horizontal orientation. Once on site, the shuttle will be maneuvered around the existing science center and lifted into its vertical launch position on the southern staging area. Within the museum, the rocket boosters and fuel tank will be strategically attached to the backside of the shuttle. REORIENTATION
1
3
2
0’-0”
-2’-0”
265’-0”
265’-0”
3
265’-0”
-2’-0”
0’-0”
2 1 -30’-0”
[SITE PLAN]
20’-0”
ATRIUM #4 310 SF
ATRIUM #1 600 SF
JAN.
ATRIUM #2 879 SF
RR
RR
IDF
GALLERY 20634 SF
BOH BELOW
ATRIUM #3 612 SF
MAIN COURTYARD 8933 SF
RR
RR BOH MEZZANINE 3651 SF
REC.
SERVICE ELEVATOR
OFF.
OFF.
OFF.
BANQUET ROOM 1200 SF
OFF.
OFF.
STOR.
OFF.
OFF.
OFF.
EMPLOYEE PATIO 2267 SF
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 2
AMENITIES KITCHEN 800 SF
AMENITIES
ATRIUM #1 ABOVE
ATRIUM #4 ABOVE
6645 SF
CONSERVATION 2347 SF OFF.
JAN.
STOR. OFF.
ATRIUM #2 ABOVE
OFF. OFF.
-4’-0”
RR
OFF. OFF.
OFF.
RECEPTION
RR
ATRIUM #3 ABOVE
OFF. OFF.
MAIN COURTYARD
STAGING
8933 SF
1744 SF
PLATFORM
LOADING DOCK 4970 SF
OFF. CONFERENCE ROOM 1147 SF
RR
RR
STORAGE
SERVICE ELEVATOR
2423 SF
EMPLOYEE BREAK ROOM 1000 SF
HUMAN RESOURCES 1060 SF
24’
EMPLOYEE ENTRY 2124 SF
MECHANICAL 2000 SF
96’ 48’
144’
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 1
GALLERY BELOW
GALLERY BELOW
GALLERY
GALLERY
4500 SF
6000 SF
RR
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 7
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 8
VERTICALITY The tower is designed to have a minimal footprint in order to accentuate its sleek and persuasive exterior. Hugging the Endeavour in areas of interest, catwalks cantilever out from the floor plates in order to bring the observer within arm’s length of the cockpit and to the most detailed elements of the space shuttle. By canting the western facade inward, the profile of the tower exaggerates its already impressive height, metaphorically representing ascension into the atmosphere and complimenting the vertically oriented Endeavour.
GRAPHIC DISPLAY PANELS
40’-0”
JAN.
RR
RR
ENDEAVOUR GALLERY 8941 SF
GALLERY 18296 SF
40’-0”
ARTIFACT
ARTIFACT
GALLERY SEATING
ELEVATED ROOF GARDEN 10922 SF
STOR.
24’
96’ 48’
144’
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 3
[RENDERING] VIEW OF ENDEAVOUR EXHIBITION
[RENDERING] VIEW OF INTRODUCTORY GALLERY
[RENDERING] VIEW LOOKING UP AT THE ENDEAVOUR
LANGUAGE OF THE SKIN The skin of the building is draped over the artifacts within, embracing and acknowledging the significance of what it is protecting. Tears within the skin reveal opportunities for entry, window placement and signage. Circulation, daylighting and ventilation are inherently linked with building form, resulting in an architecture that can be easily understood by the observer. The shuttle itself is lifted above the ground, becoming a spectacle for the surrounding population to enjoy without directly paying for entry. This strategy also allows for the delivery of large objects to occur beneath the main gallery, allowing for the staging of new exhibitions to occur without impeding the circulation of ones already in place. The addition emerges from the existing facility, as opposed to simply being attached to it. New and old are united through the harmonious gestures of the Endeavour gallery; one that complements the innovation and elegance of the shuttle itself.
[RENDERING] SOUTHERN APPROACH
[ELEVATION] SOUTH ELEVATION
PANEL SYSTEM OVER BUILT UP ROOFING
PRIMARY STRUCTURE 2’0” HSS STEEL TUBING
TERTIARY STRUCTURE W16X24 STEEL SECTION
SLAB ON GRADE W/ #5 REINFORCEMENT 24” O.C.
HEATING AND COOLING VAV SYSTEM
LW CONCRETE OVER METAL DECKING
SECONDARY STRUCTURE 1’-0” HSS STEEL TUBING
COLUMN TO FOUNDATION CONNECTION
CONCRETE FOOTING
TERTIARY STRUCTURE 6” HSS STEEL TUBING
[SECTION PERSPECTIVE] TECTONICS
DEVELOPING THE SECTION Given the vertical nature of the program, sectional qualities were explored in order to provide opportunities for vertical communication between galleries and differing program types. The offices on the ground floor are linked to the galleries above through a series of small atriums that emerge through the roof as skylights. Embedded within these atriums are smaller artifacts, such as missiles and rocket boosters, that provide intrigue to office workers and museum goers alike. The division between staff and patron is diminished through a simple architectural gesture. A large open courtyard mimics this strategy at a larger scale, where airplanes and various oversized objects can be placed. The galleries wrap around this courtyard, which provides both formal separation between galleries and natural daylight into all of its adjacent spaces. Linking these galleries is the omnipresent exterior skin system, which gracefully glides across all surfaces; becoming roof, wall, and floor. Guiding the observer unconsciously from gallery to gallery, the design is a tool for directing the user experience. Embedded within this skin is a grid of structural steel tubing and the mechanical ventilation system. Shelter, performance and beauty are linked together to provide for a design that is as comprehensive as the space shuttle Endeavour.
75
ELEVATED COURTYARD
40
GALLERY
OFFICES 20
AMENITIES
ATRIUM #2
OFFICES
MAIN COURTYARD
OFFICES
[SECTION] TRANSVERSE
VORTICITY
NEW HEADQUARTERS OF TITUS AIR CONDITIONING E. WASHINGTON BLVD & COMPTON AVE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90011
CREATING AN URBAN CATALYST THROUGH INNOVATIVE PROGRAMMING Digesting air as if it were a living creature, Vorticity investigates the ability of wind to generate form in Titus’ innovative corporate expansion. Serving as a catalyst among the most dilapidated area of Los Angeles, the complex serves not only as a spearhead for technological advances in HVAC design, but also as a tool used to educate the surrounding population. Resting within a natural landscape afforded to the public realm, the laboratory seeks to place their work on the forefront of exposure to the community. The sleek, seductive form rises above the ground plane, revealing its inner workings while maintaining the required work privacy for the scientists. Located adjacent to a highly trafficked metro station, this interactive landscape becomes both a gathering place and a destination point for the greater Los Angeles area though a variety of publicly afforded amenities. At the pinnacle of the facility rests the main mechanical air intakes for the complex, initiating the process of machine assisted ventilation. Breathing in an out, the skin of the building responds to changing air velocities and chemical compositions as it twists and turns continuously throughout its digestion process. As the skin is torqued gracefully from start to finish, tears develop in the skin, affording opportunities to daylight the spaces below through an elegant skylight system. Perforations within the skin, serving both for task lighting and air filtration, allow the building to become responsive to changes in the outside environmental conditions. Embedded filters will monitor the outdoor air quality of Los Angeles, and allow the researches to develop regionally specific solutions to environmental dilemmas. Through these design decisions, Titus’ new corporate headquarters will bring air technologies to the forefront of public spectacle.
CLIENT AND USER PROFILES BY CATEGORY USER 1: THE RESEARCHER Living, working, and learning within the complex, the researchers represent the group of users that will inhabit the totality of the project, day and night. This group of users are the most demanding of the space; requiring shelter, security, and access to food and entertainment. These users occupy the laboratory during the day and the dormitory during the night.
USER 2: THE LABORATORY EMPLOYEE Representing the largest portion of the inhabitants in the complex, the laboratory employee requires separate needs than the office employee. User 2 requires relative isolation from communal affairs and a highly controlled environment to work within. Artificial ventilation is a necessity in this space, as well as highly controlled lighting conditions. Although visibility to the outside could be optional, visibility between lab auxiliary spaces and the main lab is mandatory.
USER 3: THE OFFICE EMPLOYEE The office employee represents a smaller and less critical component of the Titus Corporation. Relatively Public and requiring access to the outside community, the office is far less privatized than the laboratory component. Typical requirements for day lighting and ventilation for the offices should be considered, with the high possibility of using passive systems to achieve these goals. These users require the ability to move in and out of the complex with ease, as they will be arriving from numerous modes of transportation.
USER 4: THE METRO USER The metro user represents a population of 1.5 million users on a weekly basis, by far the dominant public force that could impact the site. These users require a potential “green� space to occupy, providing for a desirable environment in which to wait for their daily transportation. Currently there are no hospitable areas to wait at on the site, discouraging interaction and serendipitous meetings between users. Public spaces such as the communal space should be easily accessible and placed near the street edge.
USER 5: THE PASSERSBY The passersby currently represent a small portion of users that are not associated with the metro line. These users require the same public green space that user 4 requires, but also access to the exhibition spaces. These users are responsive to persuasive product display and a building that could serve as an urban landmark. Using the appropriate view corridors and nodes, the site could potentially draw these users into engagement.
USER 6: THE EDUCATION SEEKER The education seeker represents the consistent public population that will occupy the site. Using the classrooms, auditorium, and exhibition spaces, these users will arrive in an objective fashion. Potentially accessing the lobby from the parking garage, these users will seldom arrive by chance. Their role in the facility is limited, and therefore should be isolated from the laboratory elements of the complex.
PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION BY CATEGORY RECEIVING LABORATORY SPACE LABORATORY SPACE LABORATORY SPACE LABORATORY SPACE MECHANICAL SPACE WORKSHOP STORAGE LABORATORY OFFICES LOCKER ROOM LAB ELEC. ROOM MAINTENANCE LABORATORY CIRCULATION LABORATORY CIRCULATION OPEN OFFICE SPACE MANAGER'S OFFICE SALES & FULFILLMENT SALES MANAGER'S OFFICE ACCOUNTANTS OFFICE CONFERENCE ROOM BREAK ROOM INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY NETWORK, TELEPHONE, SERVER ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS ADMIN. CIRCULATION EXHIBITION SPACE LECTURE HALL CLASSROOMS (2) TRAINING & EDUCATION OFF. LOBBY CATERER'S KITCHEN CONFERENCE ROOM DORMITORIES DORMITORIES ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS EDUCATION CIRCULATION PARKING PARKING PARKING PARKING PARKING ZIP CAR SHUTTLE DROP OFF BICYCLE STORAGE BICYCLISTS BATHROOM RETAIL / COMMUNITY WATER FILTRATION OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE
2,400 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 3,000 500 200 50 100 5,000 2,250 3,000 400 400 50 200 150 200 400 50 10 100 50 10 120 1,028 600 1,000 800 50 300 100 150 5,000 3,500 10 100 50 10 400 2,414 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 4,000 1,500 1,300 400 100 2,000 800 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
AREA DISTRIBUTION SCENARIO 1: BASE PROGRAM LABORATORY:
AREA DISTRIBUTION SCENARIO 2: SERVED / SERVANT 43,500 SF
SERVED:
LABORATORY SPACE WORKSHOP LABORATORY OFFICES OPEN OFFICE SPACE MANAGER'S OFFICE SALES & FULFILLMENT SALES MANAGER'S OFFICE ACCOUNTANTS OFFICE CONFERENCE ROOM BREAK ROOM INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EXHIBITION SPACE LECTURE HALL CLASSROOMS (2) TRAINING & EDUCATION OFF. LOBBY CONFERENCE ROOM DORMITORIES (10) RETAIL / COMMUNITY
38.1%
5.4%
43,700 SF
ADMINISTRATION & SALES:
6,168 SF
TRAINING & EDUCATION:
14,484 SF
INFRASTRUCTURE:
27,300 SF
78.8%
12.6%
23.9%
SERVANT:
COMMUNITY:
22,800 SF
21.2%
20.0%
TOTAL BUILDING AREA: TOTAL PROJECT AREA: TOTAL SITE AREA:
66,152 SF 114,252 SF 95,530 SF
11,760 SF
RECEIVING MECHANICAL SPACE STORAGE LOCKER ROOM LAB ELEC. ROOM MAINTENANCE NETWORK, TELEPHONE, SERVER ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS CATERER'S KITCHEN DORMITORIES (10) ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS TOTAL BUILDING AREA: 66,152 SF MINUS CIRCULATION AREA: 10,692 SF TOTAL SERVANT / SERVED: 55,460 SF
AREA DISTRIBUTION SCENARIO 3: PUBLIC / PRIVATE PUBLIC:
32.1%
27,914 SF
EXHIBITION SPACE LECTURE HALL CLASSROOMS (2) LOBBY CIRCULATION RETAIL / COMMUNITY LANDSCAPE WATER FILTRATION PUBLIC/ PRIVATE OPEN SPACE
PRIVATE:
67.9%
AREA DISTRIBUTION SCENARIO 4: VENTILATION
33.8%
59,038 SF
RECEIVING LABORATORY SPACE MECHANICAL SPACE WORKSHOP STORAGE LABORATORY OFFICES LOCKER ROOM LAB ELEC. ROOM MAINTENANCE BASE LABORATORY AREA BASE LABORATORY AREA TOTAL LABORATORY AREA ADMIN. & SALES OPEN OFFICE SPACE MANAGER'S OFFICE SALES & FULFILLMENT SALES MANAGER'S OFFICE ACCOUNTANTS OFFICE CONFERENCE ROOM BREAK ROOM INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY NETWORK, TELEPHONE, SERVER ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS BASE ADMIN. & SALES AREA CIRCULATION TOTAL ADMIN. & SALES AREA TRAINING & EDUCATION TRAINING & EDUCATION OFF. CATERER'S KITCHEN CONFERENCE ROOM DORMITORIES (10) ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS TOTAL BUILDING AREA: TOTAL PROJECT AREA: MINUS INFRASTRUCTURE:
NATURALLY VENTILATED:
66,152 SF 114,252 SF 86,952 SF
RECEIVING LABORATORY OFFICES OPEN OFFICE SPACE MANAGER'S OFFICE SALES & FULFILLMENT SALES MANAGER'S OFFICE ACCOUNTANTS OFFICE CONFERENCE ROOM BREAK ROOM CLASSROOMS (2) CONFERENCE ROOM DORMITORIES (10) RETAIL / COMMUNITY
MACHINE VENTILATED:
66.2%
18,800 SF
36,660 SF
LABORATORY SPACE MECHANICAL SPACE WORKSHOP STORAGE LOCKER ROOM LAB ELEC. ROOM MAINTENANCE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY NETWORK, TELEPHONE, SERVER ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS EXHIBITION SPACE LECTURE HALL LOBBY CATERER'S KITCHEN ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM STORAGE MAINTENANCE RESTROOMS
TOTAL NATURAL AREA: TOTAL MACHINE AREA: TOTAL ENCLOSED AREA:
18,800 SF 36,660 SF 55,460 SF
DESCRIPTIVE DIAGRAMS SITE CONDITIONS 1. BUILDING HEIGHTS AND ELEVATIONS
1. CRIME OCCURRENCES / VIOLENCE - 15’-0” - 20’-0” - 20’-0” - 25’-0” - 25’-0” - 30’-0” - 30’-0” - 35’-0” - 35’-0” - 40’-0”
- 0’-0” - 1’-0” - 1’-0” - 2’-0” - 3’-0” - 4’-0” - 4’-0” - 5’-0” - 10’-0” - 15’-0”
3. IMAGE OF THE CITY DISTRICT
0
100’
200’
SCALE: 1” = 200’-0”
300’
VV N
VV
EDGE
LOW THREAT
HIGH THREAT
4. COMPOSITE PATH
LANDMARK
NODE
These diagrams illustrate the overall impression of the site from the perspective of the observer. Areas of threat are bounded by barrier edges that restrict the movement of pedestrians and isolate individual buildings. The site in question is flanked by two dominant vertical elements; and given the angle of the arterial pathway, is a visual destination at the termination of Washington street.
Entry Plaza
Retail 1284 SF
Entry Lobby / Living Room 3056 SF
Retail 1548 SF
Ramp up to Public Domain
Bike Storage 176 SF
Street side Seating Auxiliary Laboratory
Laboratory 18519 SF
Zip Car Parking
Exhibition Courtyard
Auxiliary Laboratory Large Object Area
A
Shuttle Drop Off
Auxiliary Laboratory Large Object Area Storm Water Harvesting / Cistern
Workshop 5263 SF
BOH Circ. 3203 SF
Mechanical 2561 SF
Storage 3506 SF
Loading Dock 3448 SF
DN to Parking Level
16’
64’ 32’
96’
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 1
Elevated Public Domain
Office Circulation 2400 SF
A Administration & Sales 4950 SF
Laboratory Below 9150 SF
Elevated Public Domain
Classroom 475 SF
Classroom 475 SF Reception
Vestibule
Auditorium 3650 SF
Lobby
Exhibition 3850 SF
16’
64’ 32’
96’
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 2
Manifold Unit
Residence Flex Space
Laboratory Below
A
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 3
THE PUBLIC REALM The northeast portion of the site is afforded to the public in order to promote a greater degree of social interaction within a dilapidated urban area. By lifting the program up above the public realm, a pedestrian pathway can be carved out the landscape in order to provide views down into the main laboratory space. Carefully balancing the security requirements of the laboratory and the educational opportunities afforded by public spectacle, the employees can remain working while tours of the facility are in progress throughout the day. The landscape and building intersect at an urban amphitheater, allowing the products developed within the facility to be showcased to the interested public. Through the use of moveable glazed panels, the items can be maneuvered in and out of the space with relative ease.
[RENDERING] VIEW OF ENTRY
ELEVATED PATHWAYS The elevated pedestrian pathway looks directly upon the urban amphitheater, providing the opportunity for vertical communication and visibility between the varying user groups. As the pathway continues, views are provided directly into the laboratory itself, creating a dialogue between the laboratory employee and the potential patrons of the facility. Given the adjacent metro line stop, a large volume of guests can be anticipated, validating the generous donation of land afforded to the public realm. Views of downtown Los Angeles are contrasted with the seductive exterior of the facility; the rapid movement of cars on the perimeter of the site are contrasted to the employees below. The building lifts up to meet the looming skyline of Los Angeles while simultaneously revealing its inner workings to the working class. An architecture that is directly affected by its pre-existing conditions emerges. Where the form of the facility separates, air intakes are strategically placed in order to utilize the fast moving air created by the building geometry. Increasing the velocity of the predominantly southern direction of wind, the shape of the building is formed by its immediate context. Air filtration devices are located on the interior side of the skin, serving as a continuous gauge of the outdoor air quality of Los Angeles. The building becomes an experiment for the employees within, changing and updating with the city itself. Form, ornament and function are inseparably linked.
[RENDERING] VIEW OF MANIFOLD UNITS
[RENDERING] VIEW FROM ELEVATED PATHWAY
[RENDERING] VIEW OF LABORATORY FROM ABOVE
SECTIONAL QUALITIES The project was investigated extensively at the sectional level in order to maximize the degree of systems integration within the project. Each element contains multiple functions; the ramp provides much need green space to the urban area while simultaneously collecting rain and storm water runoff. The deep skin system provides structure, mechanical ventilation and daylighting in order to fuse the sleek and seductive form with an empirical value. The avant garde nature of the work within is reflected in the built form of the project itself. By utilizing the structural synergy of folding processes, the pleated skin and truss system allows for large distances to be free of unwanted columns. Large objects can therefore be constructed underneath the clear spans and moved in and out of the facility with ease, showcased to the public at will.
Outdoor Auditorium
Permeable Pavers
Rain Water Harvesting FIlter
Rain Water Harvesting Cistern
Cistern Overflow Mechanism
Run-off Catchment Area
Streetside Seating
[SECTION PERSPECTIVE]
Long Beach Blvd.
Pulling apart the individual panel reveals the inner working of the proposed integrated system. Structure, thermal performance, mechanical ventilation, and the air filtration devices are embedded within one easily repeatable component.
Inner Envelope
Inner Air Cavity
Administration & Sales
Envelope Tear / Skylight
Auxilliary Laboratory Area
Acessible Walking Path
Large Object Laboratory Area
Rotating Long Span Box Truss
Pleated Truss System
Responsive Lighting / Ventilating Capsules
Pleated Curtain Wall System
Outer Envelope
Outdoor Exhibition Area
GLASS CURTAIN WALL STRATEGY Through a series of structural folding processes, the standard panelized glazing system is altered into a rigid surface. By staggering the given plane and distorting its base from its top, the wall has the potential to absorb in plane deformation from seismic forces, and out of plane deformation from wind forces.
BASE
STAGGER
DISTORT
COMBINE
FLOOR STRUCTURE STRATEGY Through a series of pleating processes, the monolithic character of a standard floor system is augmented in order to increase the potential unimpeded span distance. By incorporating a multi directional fold, the horizontal diaphragm can provide lateral resistance for shear forces in the absence of interior shear walls.
SINGLE DIRECTION FOLD
MULTIPLE DIRECTION FOLD
ROOF STRUCTURE STRATEGY Through a series of twisting processes, the standard structural base gains the potential to span longer distances with the incorporation of torsion. Forcing the steel members into continuous tension, the truss depth can be reduced while still allowing maximum flexibility of the spaces below.
DETERMINE BASE UNIT
LIFT FROM PROGRAM BELOW
TORQUE 90 DEGREES
STRUCTURAL CONTOURING
AIR CAVITY FOR INSULATION PURPOSES
1/4” GLAZING
ALUMINUM MULLION SYSTEM
EMBEDDED AIR FILTERS FOR RESEARCH
SKIN INTEGRATED HVAC SYSTEM
DOUBLE ANGLE FOR MOUNTING PANELS
CAVITY FOR INTEGRATED MEP SYSTEMS
8” PREFABRICATED SOLAR TUBE
6” DIA HSS STEEL TUBING
STEEL CHANNEL FOR PANEL SUPPORT
3/4” PLYWOOD SHEATHING
RIGID FOAM INSULATION
PANELIZED EXTERIOR CLADDING
[WALL SECTION]
[PHYSICAL MODEL]
[PHYSICAL MODEL]
MOD POD
HIGH PERFORMANCE PREFABRICATED CLASSROOM DESIGNED FOR THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST REGION
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR A HIGH PERFORMANCE PREFABRICATED CLASSROOM Half of all K-12 students in the Southwest United States spend time in mobile classrooms, typically referred to as trailers within the education realm. Resulting from the unexpected population surges into hot and arid climates, new schools have become overpopulated before they even open their doors, requiring immediate shelter solutions to house these fluctuating populations. Unfortunately the classrooms provided seldom allow for the same educational opportunities that are afforded to the students in the main facility; they are isolated from their peers and are wedged into an archetype unsuitable for learning. The project begins with an in depth investigation on what determines a high performance classroom, looking into the rigorous criteria the department of education has established, and using building and ADA codes to determine the appropriate sizing of elements . By designing from the inside out, the ideal classroom can emerge from an adjustable system of dimensions and incorporation of both passive and active systems, The categories explored are daylighting, acoustics, furniture, prefabrication, classroom organization, school organization, artificial lighting, and classroom technology; each being incorporated into the final design of the facility. The goal of MODPOD is to provide an affordable and moveable solution to the housing of a large amount of transient students; using architecture to provide learning environments that can foster increased intelligence and comfort for students that are typically ostracized from the main student body.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FURNITURE No other element of classroom design has a greater impact on the plan of the space than furniture. The type and arrangement of furniture not only reinforces pedagogical models, but also directly affects student success. In order to avoid performance problems such as overcrowding and poor circulation, the space should be designed around the tools which allow it to function. The classroom shall be sized by the proper building codes in order to ensure that it conforms these spatial guidelines.
[DIAGRAM] CREATING AISLES
CODE ANALYSIS IBC 1017.4 states that a minimum of 19” in a perpendicular direction from the furthermost edge of a desk to the adjacent parallel edge should be used in order to provide for sufficient circulation between desks. ADAAG 4.3.3 states that the minimum width for an accessible route shall be no less than 36”, without furniture or items obstructing or entering the path. ADAAG 4.3.4 Requires a passing space of no less than 60” by 60” to be present at regular intervals no more than 200 feet apart.
[DIAGRAM] ADA ACCESS
[SEATING] RANK + FILE
[SEATING] IN THE ROUND
[SEATING] CLUSTER
[SEATING] DEBATE
1.5’
6’ 3’
9’
[FLOOR PLAN] TYPICAL PLAN
ACCOMMODATING ALL PEDAGOGY The placement of desks within a classroom is a deliberate and seldom permanent action. Teachers change seating arrangements based upon the lessons they are administering. Some lessons require students to face the board, while others group students together. When we plan for classrooms, the flexibility to meet any of these layouts should always be the main focus. The four main seating arrangements found in a classroom are: Rank + File In the Round Cluster Debate
FABRICATING A COMMUNITY MODPOD is conceived of as a panelized prefabricated system, allowing for maximum customization and rapid on site production. Utilizing this strategy, quality control can be increased and the ability to replace dilapidated parts becomes a non issue. Due to the fact that modulars tend to stay on site for longer than its 10 year projected lifespan, this feature becoming extremely pertinent. The roof pods are designed to provide for all of the performance needs of the space below; including heating, cooling, natural and artificial lighting functions. Shipped on site as one complete unit, they can easily be lifted by crane onto the panelized wall system below. Stacked on top of one another on the back of semi truck, an individual unit can be constructed in a fraction of the time compared to its site built counterpart. Grouped together, these individual classrooms form small learning communities that foster increased student interaction within the school. By giving the modular classrooms a sense of identity, students will feel a part of a larger system of education, using the standard sphere of influence of 200 people as the maximum population per cluster. By incorporating these strategies, the educational experience of the modular classroom will be comparable, if nor superior to its site built counterparts. THE SMALL LEARNING COMMUNITY
PREFABRICATION BENEFITS
SITE BUILT PER CLASSROOM
MODULE PER CLASSROOM
PANELIZED PER CLASSROOM CLUSTER ARRANGEMENT
POD PER CLASSROOM
SITE BUILT PER SLC
LINEAR ARRANGEMENT
[1
[2 MODULE PER SLC
[3
[4
[5
[6 PANELIZED PER SLC
[7
[8
[9
[1
[1
[1 L SHAPED ARRANGEMENT
POD PER SLC
[1
[1
1
3 2
4
5
14
7
12 13
6
8 9
] 10” SIP PANEL ROOF SYSTEM ] CHILLED BEAM SYSTEM
10 11
] STEEL TRUSS 7’0” O.C. ] SOLAR TUBE SYSTEM ] COMPLETE ROOF POD SYSTEM ] PANELIZED WALL SYSTEM W/ RAINSCREEN ] RAMP AND LANDING ] CARPET AND UNDERLAYMENT ] 4” AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE 0] STEEL DECKING 1] STEEL FRAME SUPPORTING FLOOR 2] SHADING APPARATUS 3] LIGHT SHELF 4] STORAGE COMPONENTS
[AXONOMETRIC] EXPLODED ASSEMBLY SYSTEM
DOUBLE STACK
SANTA MONICA POST OFFICE ADAPTIVE RE-USE 5TH ST & ARIZONA AVE, SANTA MONICA, CA 90401
U.S. POST OFFICES FOR SALE The US Postal Service (USPS) has been sliding down an unsustainable fiscal path for years. Through a toxic combination of a poor economy, an increase in online bill paying, the proliferation of e-mail and other digital communication, and increased competition from private courier services, billion dollar deficits have been recorded for the USPS since 2007. In 2010, the USPS lost 8.3 billion dollars; in 2011 the USPS lost 5.1 billion dollars. Mail volume has also declined 37% since the late 2000s. Given this information, we can see that there is obviously a problem emerging within the system, one which is directly impacting the built environment around us. In early 2011, the USPS announced that it would be closing and selling 3,650 post offices under the Retail Access Optimization Initiative. Among those being closed are approximately 120 post offices built in the New Deal era under Franklin Roosevelt’s Public Works Administration. Another 60 of the selected closures are on the National Register of Historic Places. The other option that the USPS is pursuing, the Post Plan, proposes a dramatic reduction of hours in 13,000 post offices, mainly targeting facilities in rural areas that are operating at a deficit. Representing a historically significant period of time, the properties’ closure, selling, and adaptive reuse is the topic of debate among the historical preservation and neighborhood community. The project, Double Stack, addresses the fact that the Santa Monica post office will be sold, and that its repurposement is inevitable. By using the pre-existing massive structure, a lightweight steel frame building can be added on top, linking the past and present while also maintaining a literal and figural separation through clever detailing. The program will be mixed use, with a high percentage of residential, conforming to the desires of the current Santa Monica zoning code and allowing for maximum density within a narrow lot. By preserving the totality of the character defining features of the existing project, the addition can respect the past while simultaneously creating a higher FAR and more affordable housing for the downtown Santa Monica area.
LD
Saint Paul, MN│1933
Moline, IL│1934
Westport, CT│1935
Fairfield, CT│1936
Northfield, MN│1936
Miami, FL│1937
Ukiah, CA│1937
SO Santa Monica, CA│1936
LD LD
Canoga Park, CA│1938
SO
LD
Culver City, CA│1940
Pine Beach, NJ│1980
Hortonville, WI│1965
Stockton, NJ│1980
Knightsville, IN│1965
LD
SO
LD
Edgemoor, SC│1956
SO
West Salem, OH│1975
Church Hill, TN│1955
LD
LD
Edisto Island, SC│1965
SO
Wyatt, IN│1970
Venice, CA│1939
LD Hampton, NC│1950
LD SO
New Goshen, IN │1970
Bethesda, MD│1938
SO
SO
Gardena, CA│1960
LD
Huntley, IL│1959
SO
LD SO
Warren, AR│1949
Eugene, OR│1939
SO
San Francisco, CA│1947
Palm Beach, FL│1936
SO
LD
Hyde Park, NY│1941
Camas, WA│1939
LD
Athens, PA│1939
SO
SO
Geneva, IL│1938
Edgemoor, SC│1956
Pinehurst, NC│1935
SO
LD SO Tulare, SD│1936
LD
South Gate, CA│1936
La Jolla, CA│1935
LD
SO
LD SO Sommerville, MA│1935
Cheraw, SC│1933
LD
Fort Worth, TX│1933
Sheffield, AL│1930
SO
, FL│1926
LD
Stamford, CT│1916
SO Modesto, CA│1933
SO
LD SO
LD SO Greenwich, CO│1916
LD
Berkeley, CA│1914
New Athens, OH│1987
USER PROFILES BY DEMOGRAPHIC CATEGORY ETHNICITY
INCOME 40k or less
9,259
40k - 80k
Other 4.6%
8,583
80k - 120k
Latino 13.5%
7,414
Black 3.5%
120k - 250k
11,894
250k or more
7,353
White 71.3%
HOUSING
EDUCATION Less than h.s.
Asian 7.1%
6,062
High school
8,040
Own 29.8%
Some college
16,259
Bachelor’s
21,228
Master’s
15,587
Rent 70.2%
MARRIAGE
AGE 7,717
10 or less 11 - 18
Divorced 11.3%
4,783 22,261
19 - 34
23,571
35 - 49 13,729
50 -64 65 and up
Widowed 2.3%
Married 41.8%
12,023
Never married 44.6%
SITE POSSIBILITIES: SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS Based on the provided Figure / Ground investigation, an urban spatial tendency can be established of large setbacks, densely packed commercial elements, and residential elements arranged around courtyards. Given the relative openness of the adjacent corners, the site has naturally become a spectacle within its sparsely populated surroundings. Given these characteristics, and the high volume of pedestrian activity, the addition is seen as having the potential to further increase its locational importance through verticality and creative monumentality.
N
FIGURE / GROUND
0’
250’
500’
1000’
PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION BY CATEGORY BAR FLOOR BAR VIP BAR BOH LEASING OFFICE RESTAURANT FLOOR RESTAURANT BOH RETAIL GALLERY GYM FLOOR GYM STUDIOS LOCKER ROOMS 1 BR SMALL 1 BR + TERRACE 1 BR VERTICAL 2 BR SMALL 2 BR SMALL 2 BR + TERRACE 2 BR + TERRACE ATRIUM ATRIUM ATRIUM ELECTRICAL ROOMS PARKING PARKING PARKING CORE SPACE CORE SPACE BOILER ROOM CHILLER ROOM OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE LOADING DOCK WATER FILTRATION
2,000 800 425 800 2000 855 1,404 1,463 5,000 1,500 1,788 1,596 2,396 1,200 5,000 1,479 5,000 4,479 5,000 5,000 376 3,132 5,000 5,000 2,000 5,000 3,845 1,500 1,500 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 3,000 2,000 0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
PROGRAM POSSIBILITIES: BUILDING TYPOLOGIES Given the demand for increased density in the Santa Monica area, determined by the building code and zoning regulations, the program searched for alternatives in order to achieve a higher floor to area ratio (FAR) while maintaining the integrity of the existing facility. These series of diagrams explore the possibility of vertically adding onto the existing building while also conforming to the secretary of interior’s standards for rehabilitation. The use of a programmatic “hat”, lift operation, and subterranean element were explored in order to generate a proper solution.
EXISTING
EXISTING + HAT
EXISTING LIFTED
EXISTING + SUB
HYBRID 1
HYBRID 2
5,000
AREA DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM CATEGORIES COMMERCIAL:
AREA DISTRIBUTION BUILDING PRESERVATION 16,572 SF
4.3%
PRESERVED:
3,325 SF
15.8%
20.1%
BAR FLOOR BAR VIP BAR BOH
RESIDENTIAL:
21,150 SF
52.3%
9.9%
SHARED:
10,376 SF
3.0%
SUPPORT:
3,132 SF
22.7%
INFRASTRUCTURE:
RESTAURANT RESTAURANT BOH RETAIL GALLERY ELECTRICAL ROOM INFRASTRUCTURE PARKING GYM FLOOR GYM STUDIOS LOCKER ROOMS ATRIUM
23,845 SF
43.4% 28.6%
39,300 SF
CONVERTED:
COMMUNITY:
30,074
TOTAL BUILDING AREA: TOTAL PROJECT AREA: TOTAL SITE AREA:
75,075 SF 105,149 SF 44,249 SF
SF
NEW CONSTRUCTION:
32,550 SF
1BR SMALL 1 BR + TERRACE 1 BR VERTICAL 2 BR SMALL 2 BR LARGE SHARED SPACE ATRIUM INFRASTRUCTURE
TOTAL BUILDING AREA: TOTAL NEW AREA: TOTAL REHABILITATION:
75,075 SF 32,550 SF 42,525 SF
AREA DISTRIBUTION SITE PRESERVATION PRESERVED:
AREA DISTRIBUTION APARTMENT CATEGORIES 7,670 SF
7.5%
1 BR SMALL: 2 UNITS @
798 SF
NORTHERN PLANTING AREA SOUTHERN LOADING DOCK
25.5%
74.5%
11.3%
CONVERTED:
1 BR + TERRACE: 2 UNITS @
1,198 SF
5.7%
1 BR VERTICAL: 1 UNIT @
1,200 SF
30.6%
2 BR SMALL: 4 UNITS @
1,620 SF
44.8%
2 BR LARGE: 4 UNITS @
2,370 SF
TOTAL UNITS: TOTAL LOW INCOME: TOTAL HIGH INCOME:
13 3 10
22,404 SF
WESTERN PLANTING AREA EASTERN PLANTING AREA SOUTHERN PLANTING AREA VEHICULAR RAMPING
TOTAL BLDG. FOOTPRINT: TOTAL SITE FOOTPRINT: TOTAL SITE AREA:
14,175 SF 30,074 SF 44,249 SF
BAR BOH
VIP
VIP
VIP
CONVERTED BAR
VIP
RETAIL
DINING ATRIUM
LEASING OFFICES
DINING
ELEC.
RECEIVING
LOADING DOCK
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 1
PARKING 22 SPACES
CHILLER ROOM
8’
ELEC.
STOR.
BOILER ROOM
32’ 16’
48’
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL B1
1 BR VERTICAL
1 BR + TERRACE
1 BR + TERRACE
2 BR + TERRACE
2 BR + TERRACE
ATRIUM
2 BR + TERRACE
2 BR + TERRACE
ELEC.
STOR.
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 4
1 BR VERTICAL
1 BR SMALL
1 BR SMALL
2 BR SMALL
2 BR SMALL
ATRIUM
COMMON AREA
2 BR SMALL
2 BR SMALL
ELEC.
STOR.
[FLOOR PLAN] LEVEL 3
THE ATRIUM Given the historical significance of the exterior of the existing structure, the interior of the structure became the main opportunity for creative expression and functional exploration. By providing for a single massive atrium within the project, the old and new structures are both literally and figuratively linked. Formally optimized to relate directly to the path of the sun, the atrium provides light down into the core of the project and illuminates the common areas of the apartments. Through the use of stack ventilation, the atrium also serves to cool the totality of the project by pulling the hot air generated from its surrounding spaces, up through the operable skylight system. The roof, composed of metal panels is heated above the temperature of the interior, naturally creating a pressurized system to draw the hot air upward. The slope of the roof segments allow for rainwater to be collected along the perimeter of the atrium and gathered for irrigation purposes. By incorporating and operable skin system on the exterior, and a window adjacent to the hallway, cross ventilation can also be incorporated for the apartments units above. Sustainability is not simply tacked on the project, it is form generating and inherently linked to the form of the building.
2 BR + TERRACE
1 BR SMALL ATRIUM
MAIN GYM
CONVERTED
SUBTERRAN PARKIN 4’
16’ 8’
24’
2 BR + TERRACE
1 BR SMALL
MAIN GYM
CONVERTED
NEAN NG
[SECTION] LONGITUDINAL
TECTONICS The existing concrete structural grid is added onto vertically with a new steel structure above which diverts all of the seismic and shear requirements into the heavily reinforced atrium. Utilizing a continuous series of triangulated structural steel sections, the core of the project becomes both entirely open yet extremely rigid. The main circulation weaves its way between these braces, enveloping the user within the heart of the project and creating a dynamic sequence of experiences for its inhabitants. Clad in a spiraling and customized interior panel system, acoustic privacy and visual continuity are obtained for the spaces beyond.
2 BR + TERRACE
2 BR + TERRACE
1 BR SMALL
1 BR SMALL
MAIN GYM
MAIN GYM
CONVERTED BAR
ATRIUM
CONVERTED LOBBY
HVAC
PLATFORM
SUBTERRANEAN PARKING
4’
16’ 8’
24’
[SECTION] TRANSVERSE
[WALL SECTION]
LIFTING THE PROGRAM In order to maintain all of the character defining elements of the existing building, the addition is lifted above the old post office, formally distinguishing new from old. By leaving a separation between the two structures, a literal and figurative buffer zone is created between two chronologically different elements. The old, heavy base is contrasted with the light and airy top. Leaving the exterior as reserved as possible, the roof plane is able to become an expression of the vibrant social life of Santa Monica, folding and separating to allow for skylights to emerge. Crescendoing up to its most prominent corner, the once dull and underdeveloped site has become an urban landmark for its surroundings through a hierarchy of spaces and juxtaposition of time periods. The exterior skin, devised as completely operable rainscreen system, allows for maximum user customization and sustainable practices. Able to opened at will by its inhabitants, levels of shade, breeze, and sound can be based on the individual needs of the space. Composed of channeled glass and offset from the outer walls of the units behind, the second skin becomes amorphous.
[RENDERING] WESTERN APPROACH
[RENDERING] MAIN APPROACH
[RENDERING] BIRD’S EYE VIEW
INTERSECTING PATHWAYS The atrium is the heart of the complex, serving to unite to existing building and new addition, while also directing the main flow of circulation up into the individual units. Pathways weave in and out of the elaborately detailed structure and enclosure, changing the user’s perspective of the space as they ascend upwards into the framed perspective of the California sky. No two paths are the same, enticing the user to use the stairs as opposed to the carefully concealed elevator cores. This arrangement around a social nexus allows the perimeter spaces to relate informally to one another and add a communal aspect to the procession into your individual apartment unit.
[RENDERING] VIEW OF ATRIUM
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SYSTEMS A forced air system is used on the first and second floors, appropriately handling the demand for the higher volume spaces. For the levels above, a radiant floor system is used in its place. In unison with the cross ventilation system, all of the heating and cooling can be achieved with relative ease, given the proximity to the ocean and the vertical nature of the program.
[SECTION PERSPECTIVE] VIEW OF EXTERIOR
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SYSTEMS The stack ventilation system is also crucial in the creation of a self sufficient beach side community. Drawing the hot air upward and assisting in the cross ventilation system, the stack is both a functional necessity and a persuasive gesture all in one. Sloped to collect rain water on its perimeter, the stack becomes an essential element to the success of the passive strategy by its integration of a multi faceted system.
[SECTION PERSPECTIVE] VIEW OF INTERIOR