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2 Times Sunday Magazine
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February 22, 2015
Times Feature
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loving father and husband who upheld strict values, a devout Catholic, and someone who passionately and significantly contributed to his country, the late Paul Edward Fredericks, lovingly called “Eddie”, will forever be remembered as a remarkable individual. In an interview with Guyana Times Sunday Magazine, his youngest daughter, Andrea, described her beloved father as “fun-loving, very dedicated, worked extremely hard, stickler for standards, and was the head of his family.” “He loved his family, faith and education and our home revolved around that. I truly admired the teamwork between my dad and mom. The love they had for each other was incredible.
The late Paul Edward Fredericks
dedicated, down to his last days, to his religion. “One of the last things he said to me is to remain dedicated to our faith. He was at peace and ready to go. He had a good life. We
ever. My sister and I always felt loved and that love resonates in our families,” Andrea said tearfully. Although he was busy with various professional positions he held, the doting husband maintained his late wife Marjorie’s garden. She died in 2009. “He knew she would be angry with him if he didn’t maintain her garden, and he lovingly continued to do so until his death. Mom was the love of his life and made him what he was. They were a great team,” Andrea mused. A warm individual, Fredericks was also proud of his dining table because he and his wife enjoyed entertaining others. He is remembered as a hospitable and loving person, and Andrea said those qualities
Forever remembered as a great father. Fredericks with his two daughters, Cheryl (left) and Andrea (right)
I have nothing but happy memories of him. He was a friend to everyone, irrespective of race or religion,” she recalled. Additionally, Andrea pointed out that her father came from a tight-knit family of 11 children and was
were very close and I could have freely talked to him. Usually the last words between dad and us were always, ‘I love you’. His family was everything to him. It [family] was always foremost in his mind. Our family had no tension whatso-
she emulates. Fredericks was also especially proud of sharing his birthday with Martin Luther King, and would always encourage his family and friends to live in “peace and love”. He loved cricket and boxing and was a “wonderful
storyteller”. Andrea remembers the story of “Tommy Toe” she and her sister heard as children, which he also narrated to his grandchildren. “Tommy Toe” is a story of a little boy whose toe was bitten off by a piranha, which was eventually caught, the toe retrieved from it (piranha) and reattached to the boy’s foot. One of the many attributes Andrea admired about her father is his patriotism. “He worked really hard to get his education. He had a drive and ambition to keep achieving and had numerous lucrative opportunities to go live abroad, but saw the potential of his country and chose to stay to contribute. He significantly contributed to the sugar industry, becoming the first Guyanese Director in the sugar industry. He always had a vision for Guyana and believed his country will become a great nation, but he would say not in his lifetime, however he continued to help build his country in whatever way he could,” Andrea noted. Not only was “Eddie” a loving husband, father, and grandfather but a loving father-in-law also. Andrea’s husband, AJ, a Canadian, recalled Fredericks as being an “amazing individual”. “He was part of the generation of transition that happened in Guyana from the colonial time to independence. His great grandparents came as indentured servants from India to work in the sugar industry and he worked in the same industry to help develop it. He was truly a remarkable individual. He was very supportive to me and offered great advice. He was also very kind. He accepted and really guided me, and was a diplomat in managing relationships. For these and many other attributes I will remember him as an amazing guy,” AJ expressed. Fredericks was born Jan 15, 1929 in Buxton, East Coast of Demerara. He attended the Buxton Methodist School, Buxton Congregational School, Modern Educational Institute, where he obtained his Cambridge Junior Certificate; Enterprise High School, where he obtained his Cambridge Senior Certificate, and the College of Law in London. In 1964 he qualified as barrister-atlaw and, in that same year, was admitted to Guyana Bar. In 1973 he was admitted to the Trinidad and Tobago Bar. Notably, he served as company secretary and director on numerous boards in Guyana. In 1979 he was appointed honorary consul for Sweden, and in 1983 was appointed honorary consulgeneral of the Netherlands. In 1984 he was awarded the Cacique Crown of Honour (CCH) for “Excellence of Service in Private Sector Management”. Then in
With his beloved wife, Marjorie
1988 he was awarded the Royal Order of the Polar Star – Officer First Class from Sweden. In 1995 he was awarded the Order of Orange Nassau for his service as honorary consul to Sweden for 17 years. In Guyana, Fredericks significantly contributed to the work of the St Joseph Mercy Hospital and the Rotary Club activities. Fredericks expended his
time developing his country, spending vacations with his two children (Cheryl and Andrea), telling the story of “Tommy Toe” and being a loving grandpa to his six grandchildren and two great grandchildren. The funeral of the late Paul Edward Fredericks would be held at 10:30am, Tuesday Feb 24 at St Theresa’s Church in Campbelville.
Fredericks as a young lawyer
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February 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine
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Times Feature
By Indrawattie Naitram
T
he masquerade bands’ parade brightened the Essequibo Region Two atmosphere in anticipation of this year’s Mashramani celebrations. A Guyanese tradition, masquerade bands are a source of awe and revelry and, for some young children, remain an unforgettable experience. Even today, I get anxious whenever I hear the masquerade drums. The sound is upbeat, and brings a rush of childhood memories. I can still remember my first encounter with a masquerade band. My recollection is more vivid of ‘Boom-Boom Sally’, a man in a costumed dress with a protruding rear. His antics were something to witness. When I see a masquerade band, I am still mesmerized. Growing up in the country, in almost every village, older boys become part of a masquerade band. Individual groups do not only play for fun, in keeping with the festive Christmas season, many capitalize on
the incentives reaped from performing. The masquerade band could be dated as far back as the 18 century. In fact, it was originally practiced by slaves: the celebration after hard work. The practice transfers from generation to generation. In the multicultural region of the Essequibo Coast, masquerade celebrations are common in villages like Henrietta, Danielstown, Dartmouth, Charity and Supenaam. Men and boys take pride in putting together their costumes, and the night before Christmas Eve, young boys could be seen moving from house to house with their "bad mad cow" seeking monetary incentives for their efforts. Most recently, the Region Two administration outlined a plan to have the activity incorporated into this year's Mashramani celebrations. The region hosted the National Masquerade competition, where colourful bands from various regions clashed for the “King of the Road” prize, best “BamBam Sally” and best musical
band, among other prizes. The event saw three bands participating from the Essequibo Coast, with large, colourful and energetic contingents. Hundreds of persons gathered at various points to view the occasion as the bands took to the Essequibo Coast road. The entire Anna Regina town was transformed into a kaleidoscope of colours, as flouncers gyrated to the sizzling sounds pounded out of the "goat skin" drums. The energy portrayed by the "mad" cow created a very enthusiastic audience and an exuberant day in Anna Regina. Culture was revitalised when the various bands clashed at the Anna Regina Community Centre Ground. It was a feast for the eyes as everyone united and danced to the tunes of flutes in unison. The masquerade competition has truly set the stage for the celebration of Mashramani in the Region. Linden masquerade band "Torch" emerged first for the competition. Essequibo’s "Village Ram" from Onderneeming copped third
Band members from the Region Two band 'Village Ram'
Members from the Region Four masquerade band
Drummers on the road in Region Two
Flouncers from Linden make their way to Anna Regina Community centre ground. The group was crowned “King of the Road”
position with their band image and excellent performances. As in every other region, Mashramani in the Cinderella county is celebrated with much enthusiasm and energy. The hive of activity is usually at the Anna Regina community centre ground as the parade wends its way from Three Friends’ bridge to the ground. Persons are decked out in
colourful costumes and glittered faces and dance to music blaring from sound systems. Those who are not in parade groups, place themselves along the roadways to view the spectacle. At the ground on “Mash day”, persons from all over converge to witness the program put together by the Region Two administration. Leading up to Mashramani day, many oth-
er activities are planned by the Mashramani committee such as the Best Decorated Building competition; a national chutney competition, and clean up campaigns. Mashramani is a muchanticipated activity in Region Two, an activity that many persons look forward too. It fosters togetherness and unity of the people; it is truly a celebration after hard work.
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Times Sunday Magazine
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Feature We know of Kyk-over-al, Fort Island and Fort Nassau, which were built with baked bricks and cement, but there was also the Pomeroon Fort that was built with "pitch pine" materials. Sadly, the forest has fuelled its disappearance. Other historical happenings include the St Louis Church, built in 1896 at Siriki, and the consecration of the Kabacaburi Mission in 1872. A bronze bell at Kabacaburi with the inscription of the first Amerindian convert to Christianity is still visible.
By Isahak Basir, CCH
O
f the seven great rivers of Guyana, the river Pomeroon is unique in its history. It is the deepest river in Guyana without any sand banks or islands, and discharges its waters into the Atlantic Ocean in northwest by west direction, unlike the Essequibo, Berbice and Corentyne rivers, which discharge their waters into the ocean in a northeast direction. In the last 250 years, the 200-odd mile Pomeroon River has lost eight miles of its original length by erosion, of which the cycle has replaced one mile in the last 20 years, where sea vegetation provides beautiful landscapes. The Pomeroon River is the most populated one in Guyana and runs parallel to the seacoast for 20 miles, beginning from Charity to Plantation Glen Hurst. While there are many special facilities like schools, health quarters, churches, shops or sports ground, all means of transportation is by boat. At an early age,
Economic activities
parents would teach their children practical lessons on how to paddle their way to school, and crossing the river.
Early History
This river was first inhabited by the Cariwanna tribe, which left many historical landmarks, one of which is the largest shell mound in
Paddling home on the Pomeroon
Guyana, located in the upper Pomeroon at Siriki. An original Dutch plantation now known as Charity is now the main transit point for the North West District, Venezuela and Trinidad. Charity is also the point where the river is traditionally described as Lower and Upper Pomeroon. With the exception of
the brief Spanish occupation, the Pomeroon River was occupied by the Dutch in 1620, and cultivated cotton. Remnants of a Dutch hospital at Siriki and a huge bronze bell being part of the Dutch Fort, recorded as Fort Zeelandia, is located in the back lands of plantations Panama and Caledonia in the Lower Pomeroon.
While there are several Amerindian communities in the perimeter of the Pomeroon River, it still has the largest contingent of Portuguese dwellers - other than the capital city of
pants. At Kabacaburi Mission, located 16 miles up the Pomeroon River, there is the legendary Dutch punt that sank with gold and had its 50-meter metal chain held to a huge sukcohen tree. The huge metal links of the chain were noticeable up to the mid-1940s. In 1948, the bi-monthly cargo steamer the M.V. Pomeroon was directed to pull up the submerged Dutch punt; but the vessel tilted in a dangerous position and the effort was aborted when the winch brought up two huge pieces of pitch pine wood. Charity presently faces the strongest current of the Pomeroon, and is susceptible to movement to the existing riverbank and structures. However, the Pomeroon River is the supply reservoir for five-mile
Serene view of the Pomeroon River
A typical Monday scene at the Pomeroon River, Charity
Georgetown. The Portuguese pioneers came to Pomeroon in 1837, reoccupied the Dutch abandoned cotton fields, rehabilitated the existing canals and began cultivating coconuts and ground provisions to subsidise the remaining sugar estates on Essequibo. The labour on the Pomeroon estates were freed slaves, Amerindians and later, indentured Indian workers. The latter migrated from the coast in three groups to the Upper Pomeroon between 1910 and 1940. In 1960, a magnificent piece of engineering was completed when a huge "pump station" was built in the middle of the Tapacooma River, a tributary of the main Pomeroon, which was the Dawa Pumping Station. At Charity, the river, leading up to the Cuyuni ridge, has changed its course beginning from a northeast direction running up its source in a southwest direction. This area facilitates the growing of coffee, citrus and ground provision, but also experienced several mudslides in the past 150 years. Like the Essequibo and the Demerara rivers, the upper Pomeroon has deposits of bauxite, columbite and gold. James Tilsbury, Joseph Scadd, M. Sankar, Edron Gouveia and Manson Melville were the five pork knockers who found traces of gold in 1944. The legendary village is still occupied by Caribs, Warraus and Arawaks, its original occu-
wide Tapacooma Lake, on which 55,000 rice lands are dependent.
River diversity
The diversity of the two riverbanks is very strange since the right bank is alluvium clay forest, suitable for coconuts and cotton, while the left bank is a combination of bagasse, suitable for the production of rice, cassava and cattle rearing. Some of the peculiarities of the Pomeroon River forest include the greenheart logs; straight grain and Kabakali logs, unlike logs of Region One, have a purple heart. Its forest allows the habitation of three species of wild hogs, two species of deer, tapir, jaguar, labba, agouti, land turtle and many venomous snakes. Most times in the year, the smooth black water dominates the 150 miles of river. The traditional fresh water black river whale, electric eel and silver scale piranha are part of the river’s large aquatic family. Unlike the Demerara, Essequibo and Berbice rivers, the tide height in the Pomeroon River is about five feet. The Pomeroon River changed its course several thousand years ago. The river has a 90-degree U-turn at one point, leaving a three-mile trail of bagasse to the nearest point of the seacoast at the Somerset area. (Isahak Basir, CCH, is a historian who resides in Essequibo)
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 5
Times Women
B
orn Oct 31, 1993 in Georgetown, Guyana, Letitia Michelle Wright is a UKbased actress known for her roles in “Glasgow Girls”, “My Brother the Devil” and “Urban Hymn”. Migrating to London with her mother at age six, Letitia first fell in love with acting at her primary school when she got the opportunity to play a young Rosa Parks onstage. “I felt so comfortable,”
she recalled. “I even did the whole American accent!” Beginning her career in 2009, Letitia has worked her way up the UK film industry ladder. At age 17, the actress became one of the leads in a four-part drama, “Chasing Shadows”, which premiered in 2011. The series focused on the work of a missing persons field unit charged with tracking down serial killers who prey on impressionable and vulnerable people.
She also appeared in the 2011 television drama film, “Random”. In 2012, she played Nyla in Idris Elba’s production “Victim”, and Aisha in the award-winning drama “My Brother the Devil”. She was named Screen International star of tomorrow in 2012. Letitia, who was named one of Screenterrier’s top British teenage actresses in 2013, also appeared in series two of the British television drama series, “Top Boy”,
UK-based Guyanese actress, Letitia Wright
Wright at the premiere of 'My Brother The Devil' during the 56th BFI London Film Festival in 2012
Letitia (extreme right) in the US promoting one of her films
which is set in East London and looks at the lives of the young, ambitious and sometimes reckless. In 2014, she played an activist named Amal in the movie “Glasgow Girls”, a story based on a group of seven young women in Glasgow, Scotland, which highlighted the poor treatment of failed asylum seekers. In October 2104, the
21-year-old actress wrapped up shooting the starring role for the movie, “Urban Hymn”. The film follows a troubled young female offender, Jamie Harrison, who possesses an amazing singing voice, and an inspiring and unconventional care worker, Kate, who encourages her to use it. The movie is scheduled for release this year. (http:// guyanesegirlsrock.com)
6 Times Sunday Magazine
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February 22, 2015
Times Book World
The Shaping of Guyanese Literature
Part II
By Petamber Persaud
(This is the second instalment in a series prompted by Valentine’s Day and its attendant expressions of love and its association with red roses, books and culture.) (Interview with Oonya Kempadoo [OK], Georgetown, Guyana, Jan 2008. Kempadoo’s first novel, “Buxton Spice”, was an instant success. It was on the London bestseller list throughout 1999, and translated into French, Italian, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese and Hebrew.) OK “…there were two books, which I read while I was growing up in Golden Grove – “Cannery Row” by Steinbeck, and “Miguel Street” by Naipaul. Both set on one street, similar to the street on which I live – and seeing the possibility of capturing observations and characters and sort of social sketch and something so enjoyable to read, [it] occur[red] to me as something I could attempt one day. So that was the first and strongest influence. Since then I’ve been reading all sorts of literature from
Scottish to Indian and Irish authors.” (Extract of an interview with Berkley Semple, Georgetown, Guyana, Aug 22, 2011. Semple won the Guyana Prize for Literature in 2004 with his first book of poetry “Lamplight Teller”.) BS “Patrick McKenzie, a former minister of agriculture in Guyana, is a close cousin of mine, and I have been reading his memoir, “Strength of My Spirit”, recently. He is a good, attentive prose writer. So I have writers in the family, but my people are mostly readers, consumers of books. My maternal grandfather, Jacob McKenzie, was a prolific reader of historic things, who use to memorize all kinds of poetry and recite them, even long passages of Shakespeare. That was certainly my point of departure. I was a hungry reader before I started writing. I like the sound of words, the tone and rhythm and cadence.” ( C h a r u a m a n i e Bissundyal, Guyana. A versatile writer with six novels, five collections of poems, four screen scripts, ten plays among other bits of academic writing.)
Oonya Kempadoo
Peter Jailall
Brenda DoHarris
CB “… there were other factors like the fact that my family members were ardent readers of the Valmiki and the Tulsidas Ramayana, the Mahabharat …” PP “Very important influences – it is important if you want to write well, you must be well read.” “Right. So that CB was one aspect. Then there was the whole philosophy of poetry. If you read the Tulsidas Ramayana – the … Poetry is all about beauty and nature. That’s where Tagore got his influence.” (Excerpt of an interview with Brenda DoHarris conducted in front of Bishops High School, Georgetown, Guyana, January 2010. The main part of the interview
was conducted in Kitty village where her first novel, “The Coloured Girl in the Ring”, was set.) PP “Talking about school and books, what were some of the books that influenced your writing?” BD “One of them is Buchi Emecheta’s “Second Class Citizens” – well all her books, not just that one. Buchi Emecheta is a Nigerian woman novelist who has written a lot on women’s issues especially women in the post-colonial environment. One of her best books I think is “Second Class Citizens”, in which she details what life was
like in England for blacks and others who went there in the 1950s and how hard life was finding housing etc., in the face of discrimination; trying to find jobs in a society that was patently racist at the time. I’ve also read Merle Hodge. Her books were a tremendous influence especially, “Crick Crack Monkey”, a novel I am teaching presently in one of my classes, and Haiti’s Edwidge Danticat.” Peter Jailall has authored five books of poems including “The Healing Place”, 1993, “Yet Another Home”, 1997, and “When September Comes”, 2003.
He was a finalist in the 2002 Mississauga Arts Award for Established Literary Artist. PP “…We have talked about writing, what about reading, getting children to read.” PJ “First and foremost, we can do the oral – tell stories and recite poems, get them comfortable with the oral, let them flow. Before you read, you have to deal with the scarcity of books. First, let’s get the books, good books, colourful literature, attractive books. Now back to the community, it is important that parents, and guardians and grownups read to children, get them to listen to words, words forming picture and music as in poetry. Teachers should read more and more to children, find poems and stories that tell about different lands, peoples and cultures, poems and stories about science and other subjects and learning will become easy.” (To be continued) Responses to this author telephone (592) 226-0065 or email: oraltradition2002@ yahoo.com
Students of the Providence Nursery School celebrate Mashramani 2015 in fun costumes, while displaying a float showcasing ethnic diversity and unity in Guyana
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 7
Times Heritage
A
clipping from the Guyana Graphic narrates the festivities of Mashramani celebrated in 1973. The article was published Saturday Feb 24, 1973. For those of us who were not present 42 years ago, here is a vivid lookback at the Mash activities of that year: “There was a riot of colour, gaiety and scintillating pan music in the streets of Georgetown for over six hours yesterday as a number of floats, costumes and steel bands in Carnival style tramped in the city and suburban areas to highlight the Mashramani celebrations in Georgetown. Thousands of people lined the streets to catch a glimpse of the impressive float parade and the gaily dressed revellers in the costume bands as they danced and jigged in wild abandon. The infectious music from the many steel bands in the parade entranced the crowds and trampers alike. The costume band of the People’s Army was, perhaps, the most impressive. Comprising 250 sol-
Masquerade entertaining the crowd at the National Park n.d.
Preserving our heritage through pictures
Plantation Uitvlught, West Coast Demerara n.d. (Photo from "Historic Photographs of Guyana" by NTG)
Brickdam, Georgetown n.d. (Photo from "Historic Photographs of Guyana" by NTG)
diers, it was led out of Camp Ayanganna by the winner of the best costume parade, Miss Monica Godette, garbed in her elaborate costume that spread out around her like the feathers of a peacock. The costume band itself was divided into seven groups each featuring soldiers in a different colour costume and wearing a different head dress. Another float theme “Just Married” put on by the Youth Division of the Ministry of Information, Culture and Youth, also sent the crowds, especially the youths, wild with laughter, as it sought to convey the reason why the voting age was reduced from 21 to 18. The parade featured an 18-year-old couple about to be married. A total of 16 floats and 10 costume bands took part in the parade. For the first time, the Mashramani parade did not move en bloc through the city. “The reason for this,” said Mr Frank Pilgrim, one of the organizers, “is to spread the Mashramani spirit through the medium of the parade more widely across the city, and also to give people an incentive to get out of their homes and come down to the National Park if they wanted to see the float parade and costume bands in their entirety.” Mr Pilgrim also assured those who missed the opportunity of seeing the entire float and costume parade would be given another opportunity to do so when it assembles at the Parade Ground to begin another trek through the city at 2.00
Scene from the first Mashramani celebration in Linden (1969)
The crowd at Mash 2014
p.m. today. Just after the floats and the bands took off from the National Park, a section of it went into Kitty while the rest turned into Vlissengen Road. At the junction of Vlissengen and North Road the parade again split up,
part of it continuing along Vlissengen Road into Lodge while the other section turned into North Road. The judges of the competition will be meeting at the National History and Arts Council tomorrow to decide the winner.”
8 Times Sunday Magazine
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Travel & Tourism
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n informative showcase on the history of Mashramani, with colourful displays, banners and books, is currently open at the National Museum. At the launching of the exhibition, Minister of Culture, Youth and Sport Dr Frank Anthony said the exhibition has become a “tradition” and “offers different dimensions to Mashramani”. He added that the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport did not only focus on songs and dance, but also highlights the “intellectual” aspect of the celebration by
holding lecture series. He also described the exhibition as “beautiful”. Nadia Madho, the museum’s administrator, encouraged students to visit the exhibition to get a better insight on the history of Mashramani. Under the theme “One People, One Culture, One Celebration”, the annual exhibition seeks to give a complete picture of what Mashramani means to Guyanese. For more information, contact the National Museum on 225-7191.
Newspaper clippings of 'Mash' in the 1970s on display
National Mashramani themes from 2000 to 2015
'Bad Cow' is one of the prominent features of a masquerade band and its origin is explained at the National Museum' Mash exhibition
Photos of Mash celebrations in Linden in 1970s
An exhibition on what a masquerade band looks like
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 9
Times Healthy Living
New study finds more exercise not necessarily better for some
M
ore frequent physical activity does not appear to lower heart disease, stroke and blood clots risks further. A new study published in the American Heart Association journal Circulation reports that women who exercise more than two or three times a week see no additional reduction in heart disease, stroke or blood clot risk. More than that, those two or three bouts of exercise each week don't have to be exhausting runs along the waterfront or vigorous
aerobic classes at the gym. Walking and gardening will do just fine. It's not clear whether these research results also can apply to men or other age groups of women. It is widely known that middle-aged women who are physically active two or three times per week are "about 20 per cent less likely to develop heart disease, strokes or blood clots" than their counterparts who rarely move from the couch. Researchers tracked for three years the exercise re-
A
ccording to the Public Health Agency of Canada, at a population level, healthy living refers to the practices of population groups that are consistent with supporting, improving, maintaining and/or enhancing health. As it applies to individuals, healthy living is the practice of health enhancing behaviours, or put simply, living in healthy ways. It implies the physical, mental and spiritual capacity to make healthy choices. Healthy living choices are affected by where you live, work, learn and play. You make these choices when you are eating nutritiously, choosing a variety of foods from all of the food groups as suggested by international food guides. Having good mental health means having a positive sense of well-being, as well as a belief in our own (and others') dignity and worth. Staying physically active keeps your body strong, reduces stress, and improves your energy and encourages putting an end to other negative lifestyle practices.
Eating nutritiously
Start your day the right way – eat breakfast! Eat three meals a day and snack only if you are hungry. Regular eating maintains your metabolism and prevents overeating at your next meal. Keep your bones strong. Choose calcium-rich skim or 1 per cent milk, skim milk cheese and low-fat yogurt. Keep your muscles strong. Enjoy meat and alternatives such as lean beef, skinless poultry, eggs, fish or soy foods, in moderation
Good Mental Health
Mental health is how you feel, think and act to improve your ability to enjoy life. It
gimes of more than a million women who had no history of cancer, heart disease, stroke, blood clots or diabetes. Health follow-ups continued for up to nine years. The subjects' average age was 56. The study's lead author, University of Oxford physical-activity epidemiologist Miranda Armstrong, says if your takeaway is that you can relax your hard-core exercise routine, that's fine. But she stresses that "inactive middle-aged women should try to do some activity regularly."
is also how resilient you are in dealing with the challenges you face every day. Mental health also has a significant impact on physical health. Mental health promotion includes a variety of strategies aimed at having a positive effect on mental health. These strateg i e s work with the whole community t o enhance mental wellness. They also include primary prevention in areas like suicide prevention, eating disorders and problematic substance use - through the enhancement of self-esteem, resiliency and effective decision-making skills.
Staying physically active
With more physical activity you can better control your blood sugar; lower your blood pressure, reduce your cholesterol, relieve tension and stress, strengthen your heart muscle and lungs; improve your circulation, strengthen your bones, help maintain a healthy weight and you can reduce your risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease and other chronic diseases. If you already have diabetes, heart disease or other chronic diseases, exercise can help you better manage these diseases.
T
he latest research published in the journal Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that added sugars are a principal driver of Type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes — even more so than other carbohydrates. The sugars found naturally in whole foods such as fruit (fructose) and milk (lactose) aren’t the issue. They’re likely protective against diabetes and cardiovascular risk, according to the Mayo Clinic study. The problem lies with added sugars, which are exactly what they sound like: sugars and syrups that are put in foods during processing or added at the table, such as with sugar and honey. What’s more, added sugar comes in many forms, from high fructose corn syrup and evaporated cane juice to maltose and dextrose. Some form of sugar is added to most processed foods, including canned tomatoes, pre-cooked chicken and beef products, savoury snack foods (chips, crackers,
pretzels etc.), table salt and spice mixes, salad dressings and condiments, pasta sauces, canned vegetables and soups, and frozen prepared entrees. A good rule of thumb: If the food doesn’t come from nature, and sugar is listed in the ingredients, there’s a good chance that it contains added sugar. The American Heart Association recommends that women have no more than six teaspoons of added sugar a day (no more than 100 calories or 25g per day) and nine teaspoons for men (no more than 150 calories or 37.5g per day).
Sugar Bombs
If you enjoy a refreshing bottle of iced tea, be aware that one bottle of sweetened green tea adds up to 51g of sugar. Why so much sugar? Dr Robert Lustig, a University of California-San Francisco professor who has campaigned against sugar consumption, told The Daily Beast.com, “The food industry knows that when they add it to food, you buy more. They
don’t add it for any other reason.” One bottle of sports drink includes 31g of sugar. Lee Sanders, a spokesperson for the American Bakers Association, argued on the website that there is no scientific evidence that added sugars are linked to obesity or other chronic diseases. Gretchen Goldman, an analyst at the Union of Concerned Scientists countered “… They’re trying to manufacture doubt in the science ...” Three tablespoons of jam provide 29g of sugar. Sugar is used to enhance flavour in a wide range of products beyond cookies, candy and sodas. An 8.4oz can of regular Red Bull contains 27g of sugar – equivalent to just over 2 tablespoons of sugar in your coffee since Red Bull is considered mainly sugar water mixed with caffeine. At these amounts, just one a day puts you at serious risks of future health complications, made worse if you consume any or all four on a daily basis.
10 Times Sunday Magazine
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Fashion
It’s all about pastels! Follow these fun, chic outfit tips that would make your little ones look dazzling. Lovely lemon A striped knit paired with polka-dot skinny jeans turns your kid into a beam of sunshine.
Pretty in pink Party in pink with this frilly ballerina ensemble, complete with lady-like rosettes and cute, cotton candy coloured sneakers.
Mint madness This sportsman looks fashionably fun with cool sunglasses, electric high-top sneakers and a crisp button-up.
Purple prince Sweeten up your kid’s style with a polished twotone lilac look. Don’t get teary because he looks like a grown-up in his bow tie.
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 11
Star Times Hollywood
R
yan Guzman is an American actor, model, and mixed martial arts fighter. He was born September 21, 1987 in Abilene, Texas. Guzman started as a model in San Francisco in 2006 while attending college in Sacramento, US, and also training and fighting in mixed martial arts in his spare time. He moved to Los Angeles in 2010 to pursue acting classes. His first big break was being cast in the dance movie “Step Up Revolution” (2012), subsequently starring on the series “Pretty Little Liars” (2010), “Step Up All In” (2014), and “The Boy Next Door” (2015), which also stars Jennifer Lopez.
12 Times Sunday Magazine Times Hollywood
Jay-Z hit with paternity suit
J
K
anye West had to wash away his exes to be with now-wife Kim Kardashian. The 37-year-old rapper appeared on Power 105.1's Breakfast Club Friday morning and responded to his ex-girlfriend, Amber Rose, slamming the Kardashians on the same show last week. "She's just soaking in the moment," West said. "If Kim had dated me when I first wanted to be with her, there would be no Amber Rose." Rose and West were together from 2008 to 2010. "I had to take 30 showers before I got with Kim," he quipped. "I'm sorry,
guyanatimesgy.com
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
don't ask me no more I just want to be respectful," West pleaded with the hosts. The Rose/Kardashian beef escalated when the 31-year-old model blasted
Tyga, who is the ex of her pal Blac Chyna, on the radio show for dating West's 17-year-old sister-in-law Kylie Jenner. (New York Daily News)
Rap mogul Suge Knight taunted by inmates
M
arion (Suge) Knight was taunted by other inmates Thursday before he was rushed from a Los Angeles courthouse to a local hospital, a courtroom source revealed to the Daily News. "Suge got on the bus from jail and people started taunting him, calling him names," the source said after Knight was taken away by ambulance. Knight, 49, has been in jail since Jan. 30 on charges he murdered local businessman Terry Carter and injured former gang member turned filmmaker Cle (Bone) Sloan with his truck in a parking lot dispute at a burger stand in Compton, Calif., on Jan. 29. "The problem with Suge is he has claimed he was in a gang, which causes problems. And then the guy he allegedly killed was really popular in Compton. So he gets on the bus, and they're yelling at him, threatening him, calling him names," the source said. "He was taken off for a perceived security risk. They brought him in a separate ve-
hicle," the source said. Knight then "suffered some medical condition," the judge confirmed Thursday in open court. The incident marked the second time Knight has been rushed from court to medical treatment this month. (NY Daily News)
ay-Z is being sued by a 21-year-old rapper who claims he is the rapper's secret son. Rymir Satterthwaite's mother Wanda reportedly hooked up with the rap mogul in the 1990s, before his career skyrocketed. The family are said to be "shocked" that the suit was leaked to the press and "weren't expecting" the attention that has followed since the story was published on Wednesday. Jay-Z married Beyonce in 2008 and they welcomed their daughter Blue ivy in 2012. The suit was filed in a New Jersey civil court in December, but was dis-
missed due to jurisdiction as Jay-Z lived in Manhattan. Mr Satterthwaite's paternity search began in
2010, after it was determined another man was not the father. (Irish Independent)
I
ron Maiden frontman Bruce Dickinson has revealed he is battling cancer. A statement on the Heavy Metal band's official website said the 56-year-old rocker has undergone treatment for a cancerous tumour on his tongue. The cancer was diagnosed during a routine check-up just before Christmas, and Dickinson has just completed a seven-week course of chemotherapy and radiology. The statement said: "As the tumour was caught in the early stages, the prognosis thankfully is extremely good. Bruce's medical team fully expect him to make a complete recovery with the all-clear envisaged by late May. It will then take a further few months for Bruce to get back to full fitness. "In the meantime, we would ask for your patience, understanding and respect for Bruce and his family's privacy until we update everyone by the end of May. Bruce is doing very well considering the circumstances and the whole team are very positive."
Bruce Jenner May Face Legal Action in Fatal Car Crash
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ruce Jenner may be in some legal trouble after being involved in a multi-car accident that occurred in Malibu on Feb. 7 that left one of the drivers dead. According to police, Jenner, 65, rear-ended a Lexus that had stopped short due to a Prius stopping in front of it. The impact pushed the Lexus into opposing traffic on the Pacific Coast Highway where it was struck by a Hummer. The 70-year-old woman who was
driving the Lexus was pronounced dead on the scene. Although the Prius was the first car to stop, Jenner may still be found legally culpable for his role in the
fatal crash. While Jenner may end up having to pay a hefty fine if the family of the deceased decides to take legal action, he will most likely not serve any jail time for vehicular manslaughter. However, if the family of the Lexus driver chooses to take civil action against him, "the sky's the limit with what a jury could award," says James Fox, an attorney who specializes in motor vehicle crashes and vehicle defect cases. (People)
Rihanna, Leonardo DiCaprio fuel more dating rumours
T
he 26-year old singer Rihanna and 40-year old actor Leonardo DiCaprio were spotted once more enjoying a night out together, this time in New York City at Up and Down night club. They partied at the venue until 4am before leaving in separate cars. Just last month, Rihanna and Leo fuelled dating rumours when they made quick undercover entrances to a
Hollywood party. The two stars were seen heading into the Sunset Marquis in West Hollywood to celebrate Kings of Leon frontman Caleb Followill's birthday party. Things have reportedly been heating up between the singer and the actor with TMZ reporting they got cosy over the weekend at the birthday bash. According to TMZ the pair first partied it up at the
Playboy Mansion before heading to the same after party. However, a friend of the actor claimed they merely partied together. Leonardo and Rihanna were also both in St. Barts for New Year's Eve, and it was reported that they both celebrated at La Plage Club. Rihanna posted numerous photos of her vacation on Instagram, but refrained from sharing anything from New Year's Eve. (Daily Mail)
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 13
Star Times Bollywood
P
arvathy Nair is an Indian actress and model. Nair started modeling, and was crowned Miss Karnataka in 2009. (Karnataka is a state in South West India.) She is a brand ambassador for many leading consumer brands and has walked the ramp at a number of fashion shows. In 2010 she was crowned Miss Navy Queen. Nair is an engineer and an entrepreneur.
14 Times Sunday Magazine
guyanatimesgy.com
February 22, 2015
Times Bollywood
Iconic Movie Ends Nargis Fakhri Goes to Boot Camp Record 20-year Run A
A
n iconic Bollywood movie had its final showing at a Mumbai cinema Thursday, after a record-breaking uninterrupted 1,009-week run. The film trounced all other Bollywood records for long-running films. “Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge”, a romantic comedy, was first shown in 1995. Translated as "The Brave-Hearted Will Take the Bride", it follows two Indian expatriates living in Britain and their travails as they fall in love. The cinema where it was being shown decided that,
almost 20 years on, the film is no longer commercially viable, Featuring Indian stars Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol, the movie is one of the most
popular in Bollywood history. The actors were relative unknowns when the film was released, but are now household names. (BBC News)
Sanjay Dutt's Jail Term Extended
F
our more days of imprisonment would be added to actor Sanjay Dutt's prison term, as he spent extra days out jail when his period of leave ended and a decision on extension of this furlough was pending, Maharashtra Minister of State for Home Ram Shinde said.
A departmental inquiry would ordered against erring prison officials and action would be taken against them for the delay in deciding the extension of furlough, Mr Shinde told reporters. He said that Sanjay Dutt's furlough ended on January 8 and he was supposed to surrender before
sunset, which he did. The actor was sent back because a decision on extension of his furlough was pending. "His furlough was rejected after two days but Sanjay Dutt remained out of prison until then," Mr Shinde said. The minister said that there is need for clarity in the jail manual, adding that changes would be done accordingly during the next legislature session. Mr Shinde said that from December 20, 2014 to January 1 2015, 32 prisoners were granted leave. Under normal circumstances, it takes 45 days to take decisions about furloughs but in Mr Dutt's case, it took 113 days, he said. He said that he had ordered an inquiry into the case after which a report has been received, based on which action would be taken within eight days. (moviesndtv.com)
ctress Nargis Fakhri, who was last seen in Salman Khan's “Kick”, has secretly undergone a 12-day martial arts boot camp in preparation for a role in one of her upcoming Bollywood projects. "Nargis recently visited a Muay Thai boot camp for 12 days in Phuket to learn the core of the form. Known for her astute sense of fitness, this is something she absolutely wanted to do and since she found a little breather in her schedule amidst busy schedule," a source close to Nargis told. "Nargis disconnected completely from everyone for those 12 days to focus on getting the essence com-
pletely," the source said. The source added that this preparation might be for one of her upcoming Bollywood projects, which
will be announced soon. In her international debut film “Spy”, Nargis is said to have an action sequence. (Santabanta)
Richa Chadha in On-set Accident
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icha Chadha, who is currently shooting for Sudhir Mishra's “Aur Devdas” in Delhi, met with an accident on the sets recently. As part of a scene, she was required to ride a two-wheeler, but it ended in a big fall for her. Says a source, “Richa does not have ex-
perience in riding a two-wheeler. But post a few practice sessions through the day, she was ready for the scene. As soon as the camera started rolling, she covered a little distance and skidded off the road creating a bit of a panic on the sets. She bruised herself badly and has sprained her leg as well." A unit hand adds that the little mishap led the makers to suspend the shoot for the day. "But she resumed shoot in a couple of days and will be in Delhi till the end of next week," the source states. Richa admitted to have hurt herself, saying: "I was riding the two-wheeler for the scene and the production car slowed down. To avoid hitting the camera, I applied the brakes and fell down. I hurt my foot and have sustained some deep bruises. I continued to shoot which worsened my injury." (Santabanta)
Amitabh Bachchan Laughsoff Fan's Remarks
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egastar Amitabh Bachchan has laughed off unpleasant comments from one of his blog readers, and says he isn't sure if the individual has lost his "sense of humour". Late Thursday, Big B posted a long letter on his official blog srbachchan.tumblr.com, which he uses to express his thoughts on varied subjects or to even promote his projects, from a "disappointed" fan, who complained about the style of the superstar's writing, calling it "a torturous bheja-fry", Keeping his calm, the 72-year-old, who is gearing up for the release of his films “Piku” and “Wazir”, replied by a simple laugh, writing "Ha ha..." Referring to the fan as an "EF" (extended family), Amitabh added: "Come on EF... what happened...lost your sense of humour...many feeling offended by the Blog
content...really...do you really think it was offensive...you must be joking...do you genuinely believe that I could ever do that... "It was a pat on the backs of the EF ...feel it and feel the love..." (TOI)
Shabana Azmi Slams India Film Censor Board
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ctress-social activist Shabana Azmi, who has slammed the Central Board of Film Certification's decision to refrain from profanity in films, has appealed to give up the British system of censorship and adopt the American one, whereby the filmmakers are liberal about their own films and censorship. CBFC chairperson Pankaj Nihalani has issued a controversial diktat blacklisting ‘offensive’ words from Indian films. The decision
has left many Bollywood celebrities in shock and disagreement and Shabana is one of them.
She feels “Censor Board’s business is to certify and not censor according to appropriate ages”.
guyanatimesgy.com
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine
15
Times Trends
Trending Now
Star of the week
Searching for the fittest athletes...
O
Tire flips will be one of the challenges
riginating and popularly known in the US, the CrossFit games, according to http://games.crossfit. com, are designed to test, not train, fitness. The goal is to find the fittest athletes, not to produce an easily replicable workout programme. With this in mind, two local fitness gurus, Noshavyah King and Jamie McDonald, have planned the first ever CrossFit event in Guyana. “I love changing up my workouts, so I decided to introduce CrossFit to Guyana since we have no competition that tests your overall fitness level. In Guyana, we have various competitions, such as body building, power lifting, cycling, 10k runs and so on, but CrossFit is a combination of all these various workouts,” Noshavyah King, owner of Genesis Fitness Express and coordinator of the event, said in an interview with Guyana Times Sunday Magazine. King added that she wanted to spread “awareness on the importance of physical exercise” and to “encourage persons to always challenge themselves to get to another level of fitness”. Pull ups, deadlifts, one mile runs, push-ups, tire flips, wheelbarrow push and box jumps are just a few challenges athletes will be competing in. “Prizes will be given out to the fittest team, fittest male and female. Bragging rights, cash prizes, trophies, airline tickets and gift baskets are a few of the prizes. The E-networks CrossFit Games is a true test to find Guyana fittest athletes. It is a thrilling experience for spectators,” King noted. There are 36 athletes competing: nine females and 27 males. The entry deadline of the competition was February 15. King said all the teams and athletes are presently preparing diligently and following rigorous fitness routines for the competition. Teams hail from various gyms throughout Guyana. A GDF team and fitness enthusiasts across Georgetown will also be competing. Jamie McDonald, owner of Fitness Express, part sponsor and coordinator of the event, credits King for contacting him with the idea to have a CrossFit competition in Guyana. “At first, the thought of pulling off this kind of competition seemed daunting and quite honestly very improbable. However, Noshavyah was able to convince me that we could put together a team with the organisational capacity to pull this off. With her boundless energy, organisational skills, and strong network of people behind her, along with my experience and qualifications with regards to CrossFit, I think everything has come together quite nicely,” McDonald mentioned. Fitness Express is providing all equipment for the competition. McDonald disclosed that a very big "rig" will be constructed, which is essentially a steel structure capable of accommodating 12 athletes at a time doing pull-ups and various other exercises on it. “We have provided movements standards as well as some of the competition workouts on our Facebook page and have also met with all the teams in order to brief them on what is required of them. In addition to this, I would suggest that athletes check out CrossFit games on YouTube to get a better understanding of what it is all about. Nutrition will also be a very important factor on the day of competition so athletes need to ensure they are well hydrated and fed throughout the day in order to endure the tasks that they will have to perform,” McDonald advised. The E-networks CrossFit Games is slated for March 1, 2015 at the National Park tarmac and promises to be a very exciting event for all. For more information, visit Guyana Cross-Fit Games on Facebook.
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Cherese James
orn in August 1990, Cherese James is a strong, compassionate and very driven young woman on a mission to influence positive change. Before migrating to the United States in 2006, James spent her childhood and early teenage years growing up in Canal Number One on the West Bank of Demerara. Coming from very humble beginnings, she explained that “though circumstances weren't always the best” she was always “happy and contented as there was always love in the home”. This experience, she said, has been invaluable in helping to shape her character, and has taught her some of the very values she still holds dear today. Currently a vascular surgeon assistant at the New York Vein Centre, saving lives and making a difference is what James enjoys best and has hopes of one day becoming a vascular surgeon herself. She possesses a strong passion for equality, which has motivated her to advocate and raise awareness for persons living with disabilities. The firmness and deep passion she displays while advocating for such individuals has resulted in her appointment as ambassador of the Guyana Association for the Visually Impaired in May 2014. James, being no stranger to pageantry, has decided to participate in the Miss Caribbean United States pageant 2015 as she sees it as a “celebration of the diverse beauty, talent and intelligence of CaribbeanAmerican women who have not lost their identity”. She believes “the sky is not the limit, there's room beyond the stars”. The pageant is slated for March 14, in New York.
16 Times Sunday Magazine
guyanatimesgy.com
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Art
“T
he Spirit of Revolution”, a recently opened art exhibition at Castellani House on Vlissengen Road, showcases priceless paintings and sculptures from the National Collection, and celebrates Guyana’s 45th Republic Anniversary. The exhibition features artists Desmond Ali, Carl Anderson, Jorge BowenForbes, E.R. Burrowes, Ben Chinapen, Stephanie Correia, Philbert Gajadhar, Stanley Greaves, Cletus Henriques, Betsy Karim, Cyril Kanhai, Donald Locke, Philip Moore, Bernadette Persaud, Terence Roberts, Doris Rogers, Ron Savory, Emerson Samuels, Angold Thompson, Aubrey Williams, Winslow Craig, Lynus Clenkein, George Hope, Omawale Lumumba, Linden Maxwell, Gary Thomas, Ronald Taylor and Kenneth Warde. In his notes on the exhibition, Alim Hosein stated that “the choice of
"The Preacher" (1959) by Stanley Greaves
February 23 as the date for Guyana’s achievement of republican status makes a clear reference to resistance and the achievement of freedom through personal struggle”.
He pointed out that “resistance, rebellion and revolution are themes shaped by the slavery and colonial legacy of Guyana, and they gain special meaning from the characteristics of the
1763 revolution and the other memories of resistance in our history”. Hosein said too that in “our day and age, resistance and revolution mean the proposing of a different scale of values, so that we can give equal value to the Guardian Spirit of our indigenous peoples (Stephanie Correia, 1984) and the wayside Preacher (Stanley Greaves, 1959) as to the religions, gods and values of others”. Hosein spoke of the “revolutionary spirit” found in Philip Moore’s “urgently-titled” Run Rohan Run (2001) and Clive Lloyd: Bat and Ball Fantasy (1983-
"Guyanese Heritage" (2001) by Gary Thomas
85), which “celebrate two Guyanese champions and the revolutionary spirit that made them giants in the world arena of cricket, one of the great forms of West Indian resistance”. Continuing his description of the “revolutionary spirit” found in the featured artists’ paintings and sculptures, Hosein noted: “The spirit of revolution in Guyana’s art means not destruction or denial of the other, but the quiet insistence that one’s presence matters in the scheme of things. Therefore, the
"Masquerade Dancers" (1969) by Cletus Henriques
"Breaking New Ground" (1963) by Ben Chinapen
"The Guardian Spirit"(1984) by Stephanie Correia
spirit of revolution is an expression of everlasting, multi-faceted human value. This spirit seeks freedom, unity, and progress, and it identifies itself with the struggle for those values anywhere in the world, and in any form that expresses the unboundable capacity of the human soul.” “The Spirit of Revolution” art exhibition is opened to the public until March 21, 2015. (Cover photo - "Fighting for Global Peace" (1995-6) by Winslow Craig)
guyanatimesgy.com
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 17
Times Tech
Apple worth more than Microsoft, Google combined W hen Apple shares closed trading Feb 11, it was at a new high of US$124.88. This gave Apple a massive market cap of US$716.7 billion, which once again makes Apple the single most valuable American company ever, just one day after it broke through the US$700 billion barrier for the first time. This now makes Apple’s total market cap more than the combined
Tech BYTE
G
S
iPhone 5 Gold Edition
View Master Reimagined
oogle and Mattel on Friday unveiled a new View-Master toy infused with virtual-reality technology. The Internet search giant and the toymaker plan to use Google’s Cardboard virtual-reality platform to offer virtual reality, augmented reality and “photospheric” images, using a smartphone as the display inside a plastic ViewMaster casing. “We view this as just the beginning,” said Doug Wadleigh, a Mattel executive, adding that Google and Mattel will be testing and learning as they continue their partnership. The companies plan to come out with the product in October, in time for the holiday season. View-Master, a binocular-shaped Mattel toy cre-
Tech BYTE
market caps of Google and Microsoft.Google’s market cap of US$365.46 billion and Microsoft’s market cap of $349.89 billion equalsUS$715.35 billion, or US$1 billion less than Apple’s market cap at the end of trading Wednesday. For more perspective, consider that only two other tech-related companies — Verizon and Facebook — have market caps of over US$200 billion.
ated decades ago, was used to give kids 3D-like images by flipping through its picture reels. Early details of the new product are available at View-master.com. Those products are just one part of a growing list of virtual-reality and augmented-reality products being created, as tech firms
work to add new technologies into those previously unrealized markets. The intent of virtual reality is to provide an immersive experience for gaming or other applications, while augmented reality offers an overlay of the real world to provide extra information for the user.
Top Computer School Emails Acceptance Letters to Rejects
Tech news
S
forward is of course, open to debate.
Wireless charging coming to cheaper smartphones?
amsung Electronics plans to fast-track efforts to "democratize wireless charging technology with compelling smartphones," the company said Tuesday in a blog post. Simply put, that means they plan to make the technology available on cheaper devices, thus making it available to more users. More cars, restaurants, airports, and other public spaces of all descriptions will very soon offer wireless charging, according to Samsung. The company says 2015 will be a landmark year for wireless charging, as the technology becomes available on less-expensive products.So far, wireless charging has mainly been an option on high-end
Tech news
Whether Apple can maintain this value going
smartphones. Lower costs for the materials needed for the underlying technology and less fragmentation are some of the reasons Samsung seems upbeat about the future of wireless charging for all. Meanwhile, progress has been made on
the charging pads users put their phones on when they want to charge them. The Galaxy S4 charging pads used about 80 separate components. For the Galaxy S5 pads, that number dropped to 50, and efforts are being made to decrease it even further, according to Samsung.
Photoshop Celebrates 25th Anniversary
ome 800 Carnegie Mellon University applicants experienced swings of ecstasy and agony Monday - first rejoicing that the prestigious Pittsburgh institution had selected them for its master of science in computer science, then being told the acceptances were sent in error and that they had been rejected. The university sent a follow-up email to the rejected students Tuesday afternoon, saying its system had “incorrectly flagged” applicants as being admitted. CMU spokesperson Kenneth Walters said the “Welcome to Carnegie Mellon!” messages were the result of “serious mistakes” in the university’s process for generating acceptance letters and that it would conduct a review to prevent another error. Carnegie Mellon’s computer science graduate school tied for No. 1 with Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford and the University of California at Berkeley in U.S. News & World Report’s most recent rankings.(Source: Yahoo Tech)
P
opular image editing tool Adobe Photoshop turned 25 years old Feb 19, and celebrated by displaying a collection of artists, all under 25, who use its comprehensive suite of tools in new and unique ways. Released on February 19, 1990 with a handful of basic editing features, the software has seen massive updates and overhauls throughout the years, with over a dozen major instalments to its software since its first launch. In honour of the occasion, the company held a "Top 25 Under 25" artist showcase, with hopefuls uploading their artwork to Behance and using the tag "Ps25Under25" to submit themselves for the top spots. The winning 25 artists in the end will take over Photoshop's Instagram, each given a two-week hold over the account, to showcase their work for the world to see. As pointed out by Adobe, the source of the company's continued success in the everchanging modern world is its "constantly evolving capabilities" that allow its software to be used for everything from coffee mug design to the artwork of a Hollywood blockbuster.
18 Times Sunday Magazine
guyanatimesgy.com
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Home & Cooking
Recipe of the Week
Calming Cable and Cord Clutter We’re in the tech age, with tech devices all over our home. However, the jumbles of cords and cables turn into rats’ nests or often leave us searching for the one we want, here’s how you can control the clutter on the cheap…
“If you can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em”; what better way not to fight with your cords than by making art with cord clips?
Sweet Potato Cupcakes Ingredients 2 eggs 1 cup sugar 1/4 cup melted butter 1 cup flour
2 cups milk 1 lb sweet potatoes 1 lemon rind Cinnamon powder for covering 24 cupcake baking papers
Method Cook the sweet potatoes in a preheated oven at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 45 to 60 minutes until they are soft and tender. De-skin and slice the cooked sweet potatoes. In a machine beater, blend the sliced sweet potato on medium speed until it reaches the consistency of a puree. Once well mixed, remove and set aside in a bowl. Mix the sugar with the eggs, rinds, and melted butter in the beater for a couple of minutes on medium speed and begin to add the milk with the flour sparingly until it is well mixed. Add the sweet potato puree to this mixture in the beater and blend it until the contents reach a smooth and even consistency. Place cupcake baking papers in a cupcake baking sheet and grease them with some cooking spray. Fill each of the cupcake papers to the top with the mixture from the blender. Place the cupcake baking sheet into the oven at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 45 minutes to an hour until the tops have browned slightly. Once done, take them out of the oven and place onto a serving platter to cool off for about 10 minutes. Sprinkle the cupcakes with cinnamon powder to taste and serve. Makes 24 cupcakes
A neat, retractable charging hub for tech devices is essential if you want a well styled home. They come in many various styles and prices as well
GREATEST KITCHEN TIPS
D Trailing ivy is often a popular design element, so a cable disguised as one makes an attractive option for hiding TV cables or cords in plain sight
oes your rice dry out when you reheat it? Next time, add 2 tablespoons of liquid for each cup of cooked rice. Cover and heat for a few minutes on the stove or in the oven. Cook on high in the microwave, about 1 minute per cup. Fluff it with a fork. Perk up white rice by adding chicken broth with a pinch of crumbled dried thyme, marjoram, rosemary, or basil in the cooking water.
T
HOME HELP
o clean a dirty iron, sprinkle salt onto the ironing board then turn the iron to the highest setting. Set off the steam option then iron over the salt. The dirt sticks to the salt and the iron becomes clean and shiny. If you have an old wooden table with the top all scratched and ugly, don’t throw it out because it can still be saved. Mix ½ cup of vinegar with ½ cup of olive oil, dip a cloth in the mixture and rub it onto the wood. The scratches completely disappear and the wood looks like new.
guyanatimesgy.com
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine19
Family Times
PARENTING
The Most Important Rules to Teach a Child
C
hildren need rules no matter what type of parent you choose to be. Rules help children learn to live as productive and creative adults. 1. Rules that Promote Safety Safety includes both physical safety and emotional safety.When kids feel safe, they are free to focus their energy on exploring their talents and their environment.
2. Rules that Promote Morality Creating rules gives you the opportunity to instil values and morals in your children. Create some rules to live by. It’s essential that you model your values in your own life, as kids will learn from watching you. 3. Rules that Develop Habits and Routine Kids do best when they have routine and structure.
Therefore, promote rules to develop healthy habits each day. For example, “Brush your teeth” after meals, or “Put your dirty clothes in the hamper.” 4. Rules that Promote Social Skills Kids also need rules that teach them social skills.“Share your toys with your brother,” or “Take turns while playing the game,” teaches kids appropriate ways to interact
STORY TIME
with others. 5. Rules that Prepare Kids for the Real World Kids also need rules that will help prepare them for becoming adults. These sorts of rules teach kids life skills that will help them function better once they leave home. For example, setting rules about chores and money helps prepare kids for the working environment.(Source: About Parenting)
Writing a Book
By Mrs W. K. Clifford
"L
jokes
A
dog thinks: “Hey, these people I live with feed me, love me, provide me with a nice warm, dry house, pet me and take good care of me … THEY MUST BE GODS!” A cat thinks: “Hey, these people I live with feed me, love me, provide me with a nice warm, dryhouse, pet me and take good care of me … I MUST BE A GOD!”
et us write a book," they said, "but what shall it be about?" "A fairy story," said the elder sister. "A book about kings and queens," said the other. "Oh, no," said the brother, "let's write about animals." "We will write about them all," they cried together. So they put the paper and pens and ink ready. The elder sister took up a fairy story and looked at it, and put it down again.
"I have never known any fairies," she said, "except in books; but, of course, it would not do to put one book inside another—anyone could do that." "I shall not begin today," the little one said, "for I must know a few kings and queens before I write about them, or I may say something foolish." "I shall write about the pig, and the pony, and the white rabbit," said the brother, "But first I must think a bit. It would never do to write a book without
thinking." Then the elder sister took up the fairy story again to see how many things were left out, for those, she thought, would do to go into her book. The little one said to herself, "Really, it is no good thinking about kings and queens until I have known some, so I must wait." And while the brother was considering about the pig, and the pony, and the white rabbit, he fell asleep. So the book is not written yet, but when it is we shall know a great deal.
W
hile working for an organization that delivers lunches to elderly shut-ins, a mother would take her four-year-old daughter on the afternoon rounds. She was unfailingly intrigued by the various appliances of old age, particularly the canes, walkers and wheelchairs. One day the mom found her daughter staring at a pair of false teeth soaking in a glass. As she braced herself for the inevitable barrage of questions, the fouryear-old merely turned and whispered, "The tooth fairy will never believe this!"
Q
: What is the difference between a cat and a comma? A: One has the paws before the claws and the other has the clause before the pause.
A
n actor had been out of work for 15 years because he always forgot his lines. Then one day he got a phone call from a director who wanted him for a part in a play. All he had to say was “Hark! I hear the cannon roar!” After much worry the actor decided to take the role. Opening night arrived, and while he waited in the wings, the actor muttered to himself “Hark! I hear the cannon roar! Hark! I hear the cannon roar!” The time for the entrance finally came and as the actor made his appearance, he heard a loud BOOOOOM! He turned around and said, “What the heck was that?”
By G rammar G
Let’s look at fun terms and labels of those sometimes weird and quirky ways we can all manipulate our English language.
What job is your name? Because of the English language’s Eurocentric history, we use many words and structures borrowed from other ancient languages of that region– often Latin or Greek. Aptronym derives from the mix of Latin for “exactly suitable” or “appropriate” and Greek onuma – “name”, to mean an appropriate or exactly suitable name.(Greek onym is derived from onuma to mean name: synonym; antonym; homonym) Long ago, people’s surnames usually reflected their occupations: a barrel maker was known as a cooper, and barrel makers of the time echoed this as Mr Cooper; a Mr Chandler was a candle maker, Smith was a blacksmith and Mr Wright was a wheelwright (a person who built or repaired wooden wheels). Mr Porter was a doorkeeper and Mr Collier a coal miner. In more recent times, aptronyms are deliberately chosen for amusement –or are quite coincidental. There was a dentist named Dr Payne; Russell Brain was a neurologist and Dr James Cutter an army surgeon. A family named Wood runs a lumber business, Ms Carb is a bakery manager, and Mr Hertz worked at an electric company. A former traffic chief is named Mr Slowe, and Mr Fawcett worke dat Guyana Water Inc. There are also aptronyms among celebrities.One of the most popular aptronyms is of the world’s fastest man, Usain “Lightning” Bolt. Margaret Court is considered a legend in lawn tennis, and William “Bill” Medley is an American singer: one-half of the group The Righteous Brothers of “Unchained Melody” fame. One of the most famously amusing but true aptronyms is Thomas Crapper (1836-1910) who began his trade as a plumber and went on to manufacture and market toilets and other related products. He was granted nine patents during his career – four for improvements to drains, three for water closets, one for manhole covers and one for pipe joints. He also served as royal sanitary engineer for members of England's roy-
alty. Do you know of any other true-life aptronyms? See page 23 for a few others.
20 Times Sunday Magazine
FEBRUARY 22, 2015
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Times Sunday Puzzle
I am a set of three words, all with the same four letters. First I am a small wading bird related to a crane. Then turn me around, and I am a person not to be trusted. Now switch my middle letters, And I become a place to find an animal. What are the words? see solution on page 23
see solution on page 23
see solution on page 23
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FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 21
Times Kids
Creature Corner
Orchid Mantis
T
he orchid mantis (Hymenopus coronatus), is one of about 2,000 known species of mantis. It lives in the rainforests of Southeast Asia, especially in Malaysia and Indonesia, not only among flowers and plants but also in papaya and frangipani trees. A ferocious predator, it is a praying mantis that resembles a flower, and it uses this imagery to lure its prey close enough to snatch, even in flight. The orchid mantis does not resemble a particular orchid or any other flower, but has evolved a general flower-like look. In fact, scientists believe that the insect exhibits colours of flowers that produce nectar, which makes it attractive to the ants, wasps, bees and moths on which it preys.
The objective of the game is to fill all the blank squares in a game with the correct numbers. Every row of 9 numbers must include all digits 1 through 9 in any order. Every column of 9 numbers must include all digits 1 through 9 in any order. Every 3 by 3 subsection of the 9 by 9 square must include all digits 1 through 9.
ANNIVERSARY COLOURS COSTUMES
DANCE MUSIC PARADE
REPUBLIC SPECTATORS SUNSHINE Spot 11 differences between the two pictures
please see answer on page 23
Colouring Fun
please see solution on page 23
22 Times Sunday Magazine World of Wonder
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FEBRUARY 22, 2015
EXPLORING THE REALMS OF HISTORY, SCIENCE, NATURE AND TECHNOLOGY
FARMING
By Laurie Triefeldt
Feeding the world More than 10,000 years ago, people in the Middle East and Southwest Asia learned to cultivate wild grasses to produce edible seeds and grain. These first farmers also domesticated herd animals such as cattle, goats and sheep. This meant people no longer needed to be hunter-gatherers and could settle in permanent homes. Centuries later, European explorers brought home new plants such as potatoes and tomatoes, and crops became more diverse. Today, with modern air transport, farmers can send their fresh produce almost anywhere in the world.
Tools and machines
Variety
Pests
The earliest tools for breaking soil and preparing it for planting were probably large sticks or deer antlers. Then plows were invented. First made of wood and later of iron, the earliest plows were pulled or pushed by people.
Many farms specialize in one kind of crop or livestock.
Pests destroy more than a third of the worldʼs food supply. To fight pests, many farmers use chemical-based pesticides on their crops. Some farmers and consumers believe such compounds are harmful to humans and the environment, and they prefer to combat these problems organically. Farmer-friendly insects that eat pests are one organic solution; growing genetically modified plants that resist disease is another.
Farms that only grow crops are called arable farms.
There was little change in The ancient Egyptians cut farming techniques for grain by hand, using sharp blade called a scythe. thousands of years. However, over the past 300 years, many new machines have been invented for planting, sowing and harvesting. As people began to domesticate animals, they started to harness horses and oxen to plows. This let them prepare more land each day. Although today we say an acre is 43,560 square feet, in earlier times it represented the amount of land a single ox could plow in one day. Today, tractors are often used to pull plows and other farm equipment. Approximate time needed to plow an acre of land
51/2 hours
21/2 hours
1 hour
This tractor can plow 20 times as much land in the same time as the early hand plow.
Plows break the soil into large chunks. These need to be broken into smaller chunks by a tool called a disk cultivator or harrow cultivator in order for crops to grow well. Harrow cultivator Disk cultivator
Pastoral or livestock farms use their fields for grazing animals. Mixed farms combine arable and pastoral farming. A ranch is a large farm that raises horses, cattle or sheep. “Ranch” is from a Spanish word that translates as “a place where people gather to eat.” Plantations are very large farms that typically grow cotton, sugar cane or pineapples. Usually located in warm climates, plantations of the past often used slaves as laborers. Dairy farms specialize in milk products. They use sterilized machines to milk the cows. A poultry farm may raise chickens, ducks, turkeys or geese. There are even poultry farms that breed emus or ostriches. Farmers who keep just a small plot of land and a few animals to meet their own needs are called subsistence farmers. Farms with fruit trees that grow crops such as apples, peaches and cherries are called orchards.
Slugs eat young shoots.
Fungal and viral infections destroy crops.
Using soil wisely Soil is made up of fine rock particles and decayed grass and wood. Loam is a type of soil that is very good for farming because it contains many useful minerals that help plants grow strong. To improve the soil, farmers often enrich it with fertilizers containing nitrogen. Fertilizers can be organic, such as manure, or made up of a combination of chemicals. In response to the growing demand for organic food, many farmers are choosing not to use chemical pesticides or fertilizers on their soil. Soil erosion takes place when topsoil is worn away by water and wind. Farmers try to prevent erosion by planting grass to hold down the soil in unworked fields. Land that lies fallow, meaning not plowed and worked is less likely to erode. For this reason, farmers often leave a field unplanted for a year or rotate crops to give the land a rest.
Some farmers breed exotic animals for their wool, fur or skin, such as llamas, mink, bison and crocodiles.
Irrigation
Cereal crops Harvesting machines used to reap grains such as wheat and corn are called combines. A wheat combine cuts the wheat with a rotating blade similar to a push mower. The wheat falls onto a conveyor belt, where the kernels are separated from the straw. The kernels are then stored in a bin, and the straw is returned to the ground.
Insects eat and damage crops.
The most important foods grown are cereal crops. These are grains like wheat, corn, rice, barley, millet and oats. Corn and barley are grown almost everywhere, but farmers usually plant crops that grow well in their particular soil and climate. Grains feed animals as well as people.
Many modern farmers use machines that disk, plant and fertilize all in one step. This no-till technique allows them to immediately plant over a field that has been freshly harvested. The combination of plowing and disking saves both time and money. It also helps conserve the soil.
To grow, crops need water. Without rain, plants will shrivel and die, and orchards will produce little or no fruit. Farmers use irrigation to overcome this problem. They dig shallow ditches or bring water in through movable pipes and hoses. This kind of irrigation requires a major source of water such as a well, lake or creek.
Feast or famine Poor soil, erosion, pests, droughts, storms and floods can all cause crop failure and famine, where people and animals go hungry. Many countries are susceptible to famine because they lack the soil or climate to grow plentiful crops. Others, like the U.S. and Canada, grow more food than their populations need.
Combine harvester Wheat
Corn
Rice
Oats
Barley
Rye
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FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Times Sunday Magazine 23
World Times
A
comic book designed to grip readers' attention from beginning to end has been used to teach 30,000 Moscow civil servants not to take bribes, the Izvestia newspaper reported Tuesday. The comic book, available online for civil servants to download, was created by a team of illustrators and copywriters hired by the Moscow City University of Management with the goal of being simple enough to understand and engaging enough for government employees to want to read the whole thing. "We decided to use a nonstandard approach … to depart from the complex language of legislation and nor-
mative acts that are often used in such courses," Olga Vladimirova, a department head at the university, told Izvestia. The comic book, which illustrates a number of tricky but realistic situations that officials can face on the job, as well as the consequences of unacceptable decisions, has been used to teach a wide range of officials from rankand-file bureaucrats to deputy mayors since June 2014. One featured predicament is that officials can accept gifts worth less than 3,000 rubles (about US $50), but they cannot accept them from the same person or entity frequently — doing so might constitute bribery.
Officials should also be careful when delivering toasts at dinners paid for by businessmen, to not seem like they have too close a relationship with the business. One illustration shows the consequences of accepting a bribe: a fine of 60 times the bribe's amount and up to 12 years in prison. (Moscow Times)
Scandal Rocks Australia Greyhound Racing SPOT THE DIFFERENCES ANSWERS
TV program shows live animals being used as bait in training
K Wordplay Mr Thatcher or Mr Slater was a roofer. (Someone whose job was to build or repair roofs) Mr Faulkner kept falcons, used in falconry. More recently, William Headline was media house CNN’s Washington bureau chief, and Larry Speakes was a White House spokesperson. The surname of convicted fraudster Bernie Madoff (pronounced MAY- DOFF) is considered an aptronym as he is said to have “made off” with many peoples’ money.
Brain Teaser Answer Rail = a small wading bird Liar = a person who cannot be trusted Lair = where an animal can be found
SUDOKU
KID SUDOKU
ey figures in Australia’s popular greyhound racing industry could face legal action after being accused of using live animals to “blood” their dogs before they enter the track. The Australian RSPCA is considering charges against several trainers and industry figures.Oneorganization responsible for standards in the sport, theGreyhound Racing New South Wales, has already suspended five people following a report on the practice in a recent Aussie TV program. The TV program, which launched the investigation with animal rights groups in Australia, showed disturbing footage of live piglets, native possums and rabbits squealing as they were attached to lures dogs chase around the track dozens of times before mauling. The technique is believed to encourage the dogs to run faster when chasing mechanical lures in races,but has been outlawed in Australia for decades. GRNSW chief Brent
Hogan said he and the vast majority of the greyhound racing industry were disgusted with the images shown and said his organisation worked closely with the RSPCA, who raided properties in all three states. “Live baiting is a cruel, abhorrent and archaic prac-
tice and anyone found engaging in this act needs to be punished to the full extent of the law,” Mr Hogan said. “It’s illegal under the greyhound racing rules as well as the Prevention of Cruelty To Animals Act, with anyone found guilty of
the offence facing up to five years in jail and a $22,000 [AUS] fine under the Act.” The RSPCA called on state and territory governments to launch independent reviews of the laws in their greyhound industries.(Source: The Daily Telegraph)
The Philonoist
CROSSWORD
Between Life and Death
Q:Can zombies really exist? Some research shows that in the 16th to 18th centuries there were African voodoo priests who “created”compliant slaves (later called zombies in Haitian folklore)to serve them. Unlike Hollywood movie gore, these “real” zombies never ate, attacked or turned other persons into zombies. They lived in a catatonic state instead, as slaves. Voodoo priests administered a particular neurotoxin that caused paralysis, slowed heart rate and suppressed other vital functionsto mimic death. After burial, the body was dug up and, when revived, the victim was given drugs that induced hallucinations and passivity, thus rendering him/her a “zombie”. Science though has yet to accept this as evidence of human zombies. However, there is evidence of animal “zombies”. Some animals and insects are infected by parasites that,often through chemical signals, take over the brain of their
host and “order” it to do its bidding so the parasite can survive or reproduce; after which the host is killed. Aparasitic wasp lays its eggs on a Costa Rican orb spider’s abdomen. After a while, the larvae inject a chemical into
the spider, with new orders. Instead of building its web, the spider spends the last night of its life constructing a “cocoon web” that becomes a safe home for the wasp larvae,and then the spider is killed and eaten.
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FEBRUARY 22, 2015
Fun Times
Archie
Don't take personal disappointments out on those (March 21April 19) around you. If you do your best to turn a lemon into lemonade, you will attract positive people and get good results.
ARIES
Put your mind at ease by TAURUS staying on top of your chores. (April 20Organize your personal paMay 20) pers and put things back in place to avoid clutter and potential loss.
GEMINI You need to relax. Don't (May 21- compromise your health by June 20) taking on responsibilities that don't belong to you. Put your feet up and enjoy a good book or your favorite music. CANCER (June 21July 22)
Dilbert
Don't get drawn into a dispute with someone who is looking for a fight. Emotional confrontations rarely resolve anything. If you can't approach the issue reasonably, back off until you can negotiate peacefully.
LEO You will dazzle people you (July 23- encounter with your gregariAug. 22) ous and fun-loving nature. If you make the most of whatever you participate in, you will find yourself in a leadership position. Holding a grudge is negVIRGO ative and unproductive. It (Aug. 23- will cloud your judgment Sept. 22) and stand between you and success. If someone lets you down, learn from the experience so it won't happen again.
LIBRA Romance is on the rise. If (Sept. 23- you haven't yet found a speOct. 23) cial someone, get out and mingle, or make plans for two if you are part of a couple.
Peanuts
Don't settle for less than SCORPIO what you deserve. There is (Oct. 24Nov. 22) always room for improvement, and advancement will be yours if you keep up with trends. Update your resume. Gambling or a risky inSAGITTARIUS vestment will cause unwant(Nov. 23- ed financial or legal repercusDec. 21) sions. Spend your cash wisely and don't believe anyone offering an unrealistic fast-cash scheme.
Calvin and Hobbes
CAPRICORN Friends and relatives will (Dec. 22- be reluctant to listen. Get Jan. 19) your own affairs in order, and resist the urge to tell others how to do things. Meddling won't help you get ahead. You'll be amazed at the AQUARIUS satisfaction you get from (Jan. 20Feb. 19) helping others. Join a humanitarian cause and participate in making the world a better place for everyone. Don't get upset with PISCES (Feb. 20- friends or relatives. Focus on March 20) being the best you can be, and leave others alone. Trying to mold someone to your ideals is unrealistic. Practice kindness.