Guyana Times Sunday Magazine

Sunday

Times October 12, 2014

Star Times Hollywood:

Angelina Jolie receives 'Honorary Dame' award from Queen Elizabeth See story on page 12

Magazine

FREE DISTRIBUTION

Cascading beauty of Amatuk Falls Page 23

Walter Roth Museum exhibits 2,000-year-old Akawaio pot Page 3

2 Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Feature

H

olding significant data on the ancient indigenous culture in Guyana, the ‘adorno’, an artefact found in the Mazaruni River area, is one of Walter Roth Museum’s newest treasures on exhibition.

An ‘adorno’ is an archaeological term which means “added on”. The adorno, with “wavy hair” or “wavy locks” on the back, has been described by the late Dr Denis Williams as a “funerary” object. This ‘wavy hair/ wavy locks’ feature can be seen on other funerary objects including the anthropomorphic rattle in the Quelch collection of Carib remains from Plantation Mon Repos.

“In order to ensure his indefinite survival in various marginal environments of the New World, Archaic man was obliged to provide food for the Gods in the form of souls of the human

Front of adorno A burial urn on exhibition at Walter Roth

departed....In his economically centered discourse

A piece from the J J Quelch collection with the 'wavy locks' on the back

with the supernaturals, which articulated man’s eternal clientship to the spirit world, the shaman generated various semantic signs, some of extreme antiquity...the solsticial orientation of the dead which directed the departing soul toward the Land of the Dead in the Western Sky,” an excerpt from the Prehistoric Guiana by Williams outlined.

Williams, in his book, also mentioned three types of rituals or belief systems: the Aishalton or Enumerative Petroglyph Complex, the Polarization of Head (spirit) and Foot (flesh) and the Orientation of the Dead towards the western sky.

“The symbol found on the adorno was utilised over 7,000 years ago as a directional symbol used in burial practices in Barabina, where we were able to excavate human skeletal remains with the orientation of the dead towards the Western Sky,” Cultural Advisor at the Ministry of Culture, Youth and

Sports Jennifer Wishart explained.

After ethnographical works, Wishart mentioned, it was revealed that all the skeletons were facing one direction, towards the setting sun with their heads always west. She went on to say that the ethnographical parallel shows that this was done because the Warrau people believed that the Western sky was the sky of the dead where the spirit who fed on the flesh and blood of human beings was located.

The western extreme of the Warrau universe is the world mountain of the god of the underworld and the supreme Hoa spirit, called Hoebo. This cosmic world is the ominous end of the universe where the sun sets. It is the eternal place of death and darkness, the region of the cosmos associated with hoarotu shamanism.

Hoarotu feeds on the blood and flesh of human beings.

The majority of burials excavated in the shell mounds of Guyana were oriented towards the west. Williams therefore associated this to the belief system of the Warrau, whereby the departing soul travels towards the Land of the Dead in the western sky.

So why then was this

artefact, holding a mortuary symbol that was used over 7,000 years ago, found with a 2,000-year-old Akawaio vessel? According to Wishart, it is one of those things that we do because it was already done and forgot how it began.

“In Barabina, the Warrau were not pottery makers, so there were not making these things. The symbol represents direction here [on the adorno]. Later people were making ceram-

ics and put locks on the back of the adorno as directional guidelines [to tell the front from the back],” she disclosed.

In Prehistoric Guiana, Williams wrote, “In direct association with the motive [a symbolic gesture] comprising wavy locks on the auciput or back of neck as a directional device in mortuary rituals, that is, to point the face of the deceased to the Land of the Death in the Western Sky.”

Back of Adorno showing 'wavy locks'

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine

3

Times Focus

A look inside the pot

I

n archaeology, there are two methods of dating objects: relative dating, where an object is similar to another that has already been dated to assess a possible date; and absolute dating, the process of determining an appropriate computed date in archaeology, chronometric or calendar dating.

In the case of an Akawaio pot donated to the Walter Roth Museum in mid September by a miner, Bernie Leung, it was dated relatively. This was due to the ceramic vessel’s location on the Mazaruni River where similar objects found dates to 80 BC. On 19 September 2014, the Akawaio vessel, estimated to be over 2000 years old, was donated to the Walter Roth Museum by Leung who found it in the 1970s at Marshall Falls in the Mazaruni area.

“The pot is about 2000 years old due to its relation to what already exists.

There is no absolute date for it and although there is a method which can be used for absolute dating, it was not excavated, so a relative date was done,” explained the Cultural Advisor at the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports Jennifer Wishart in an interview with Guyana Times Sunday Magazine.

Wishart added, “It could have been washed down the river, we don’t know exactly where it came from…hence it cannot be considered in an archaeological context where an excavation took place by levels. Someone found it while dredging, so it had to be related to what was happening on the Mazaruni River and at that time we know that Akawaio people occupied the area.”

Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports, Dr Frank Anthony accepts the pot handed over by Annette Arjoon-Martins, as Permanent Secretary Alfred King looks on

Annette Arjoon-Martins, who presented the pot on behalf of Leung, explained that it was taken to Canada

The Akawaio pot

The circular clay pot, with indigenous designs and an earthy scent, was found in the course of mining under 30 feet of sand at the bottom of the Mazaruni River. Flecks of gold can be seen at the bottom of the pot.

Incised and punctate tradition has lines and dents

with Leung when he migrated in 1980, but he felt it belonged to Guyana and decided to donate it to the Walter Roth Museum.

Wishart explained that the pot was only said to be ‘Akawaio’ because of where it was found. “[The pot] is only said to be Akawaio because of the river where it was found, because we know that the Akawaio occupied it. Although this is found in the Mazaruni River, the incised and punctuated tradition [design] found on the pot is more of an Arawak tradition, yet the pot was found in an Akawaio territory,” explained Wishart.

With regard to indigenous ceramic designs, there are two types: the incised and punctuated tradition (lines and dents) and the polychrome tradition (painted ceramics). The incised and punctuated tradition was mainly used by the Akawabi (an Arawak-like)

people while the polychrome was known to be used by the Cariban people.

According to Wishart, the pot may not necessarily be Akawaio, “it could have been traded or brought to that location”.

“The Akawaio moved a lot; they were known as the great long distance traders. They moved around the country from one place to the next and so the pot could have been traded, they did not necessarily make it,” Wishart posited.

Wishart pointed out that the Akawaio made the best graters, thus it is assumed that the pot might have been bartered for a grater. The vessel represents the Akawabi incised and punctuate tradition, described by the late Dr Betty Meggers and Dr Clifford Evans in their publication, Archaeological Investigations in British Guiana published in 1960.

Furthermore, Quartz Island in the Mazaruni River was one of Dr Denis Williams’ first archaeological excavations. Pottery recovered from this site dates

to 80 BC or just over 2,000 years. It has been established that this river, as well as some of its tributaries, was occupied by the Akawaio nation.

Pot with polychrome tradition (painted pot) found in the Demerara River

4

Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Feature

Guyana Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Association “I t’s weak blood where the white blood cell eats out the red”, “it is contagious”, “it can only be contracted from the maternal line”, “only persons of African descent have sickle cell”; these are the common misconceptions that led the members of the Guyana Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Association (GSCTA) to call for greater awareness for the disease.

“Due to these misconceptions we heard while travelling [for a community outreach programme] we realised that there is a dire need to create public awareness,” Errol London, the president of GSCTA told the Guyana Times Sunday Magazine.

Sickle cell anaemia is the most common form of the sickle cell disorder, it is where the body makes sickle shaped (crescent shaped) red blood cells rather than normal oval cells that moves easily through the blood vessels.

Anaemia is the condition in which a person’s blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells.

Normal blood cells contain an iron rich protein called haemoglobin that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Sickle cells on the other hand contain abnormal haemoglobin called sickle haemoglobin or Haemoglobin S. Moreover, red blood cells are made in the spongy marrow inside the larger bones of the body and bone marrow is always making new red blood cells to replace old ones. Normal red blood cells live about 120 days in the bloodstream and then die.

They carry oxygen and re-

Sickle Cell Awareness Walk done in June 2014

move carbon dioxide from your body, while in sickle cell anaemia the abnormal sickle cells usually die after only about 10 to 20 days. The bone marrow cannot make new red blood cells fast enough to replace the dying ones.

“Because of this rapid destruction of the red blood cells, people with sickle cell are sustained in an anaemic state,” London pointed out.

Sickle cells are stiff and sticky which causes a blockage in blood vessels in the limbs and organs resulting in pain, organ damage and/ a high risk of infection in sickle cell patients. It is an inherited lifelong disorder found in persons who inherit two genes of sickle haemoglobin that is one from each parent. Persons who inherit a sickle haemoglobin gene from one parent and a normal gene from the other have

what is called a ‘sickle cell trait’. Persons with the sickle cell trait do not have the disorder; nonetheless they can pass the sickle haemoglobin gene to their children.

“Both parents must either have the trait, an AS haemoglobin [normal haemoglobin + sickle haemoglobin] or the disorder, a SS gene [sickle haemoglobin + sickle haemoglobin]. But they are many instances where it can occur, it is either AS + AS or AS + SS and so forth and of course there is a one in four chance a child is conceived with the sickle cell condition,” London explained.

“It’s like throwing a dice with four sides,” he added.

“There is a one in four chances every time the dice is cast.

The probability stands that the child can be born with a normal gene AA, be a carrier AS or have the sickle cell con-

dition, SS.” There is no widely available cure for the blood disorder. In some cases, blood and marrow stem cell transplant has been known to cure a small number of people, nevertheless, treatments to improve anaemia and lower complications can help with

fections, visit the doctor regularly, and “of course be informed about the condition”.

London found the motivation to speak out about sickle cell after having to take his son, who has the blood disorder, to the hospital on numerous occasions.

“I have seen many parents at the hospital with children, many of whom were clueless as to the condition affecting their children, which led to frustration. It is in these experiences, not being equipped with the knowledge to understand, that drove me to join the association to spread awareness,” London disclosed.

Registered under the Friendly Societies Act, on 13 December 1999, serving over two decades, the Guyana Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Association’s primary function is to provide support to those affected directly and indirectly with sickle cell and Thalassaemia.

The primary goal of the association was to initially raise awareness and lend support to persons living with sickle cell anaemia.

public about these conditions: what to look for when procreating, promoting productive living among clients and collaborating with the Ministry of Health for national recognition and strategies for these conditions.

Additionally, the association has attracted the attention of Dr Lola Oni, an OBE, Specialist Nurse Consultant and Service Director attached to the Brent Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Centre of London, UK, who visited Guyana on 21 September to 2 October 2014. This visit was funded by the Association of Guyanese Nurses and Allied Professionals (AGNAP) in the UK. Persons with sickle cell disease were invited to attend a meeting with Oni, where she stressed the importance of building a national capacity to better serve persons directly and indirectly living with these disorders.

Oni advocated for the urgent construction of a national database to indicate the number of individuals living with these conditions (the prevalence of the condi-

Diagram showing the normal blood cells and sickle cells

symptoms.

“Of course there are a host of complications,” London divulged. “Just to name a few: there is jaundice, paleness, tiredness, painful episodes or crises, ischemic strokes, a high risk of contracting communicable diseases and infections and cases of infertility and priapism.”

London noted that there are some commonalities in the condition, although to a great extent “it is also very individualistic”.

“This individuality can be demonstrated in the triggers for each crises from individual to individual. This means that at the end of the day, the individual has to understand himself or herself and take necessary precautions to avoid going into crises,” he mentioned.

As for commonalities, London instructed that persons with sickle cell should keep hydrated, use folic acid, have a balanced diet, exercise moderately, avoid communicable diseases and in-

However, in the last year, the association’s mandate has extended to include persons living with Thalassaemia.

According to London, this decision was made because of the close link in the two disorders, which are both subjected to anaemic conditions.

Persons living with Thalassaemia are often thought to be worse off than sickle cell patients.

Thalassaemia patients cannot produce red blood cells, resulting in monthly blood transfusions, while there are those with sickle cell who can live without blood transfusions.

“At the end of the day they both have haemoglobinopathies [red blood cell disorders], so we thought it necessary to give support to both groups,” stated London.

GSCTA provides a support group to persons living with sickle cell and Thalassaemia. The association has also conducted numerous outreach programmes to sensitise the

tion) and some of the necessary interventions to meet their needs.

“We would like to have regular programming, travel further afield in our outreach programmes. We have not been able to touch places like the interior and even areas along the coast due to financial constraints. We hope that through awareness, a greater public voice can be raised where there can be a call to action that the Ministry of Health, and by extension the Government of Guyana, can address this condition nationwide,” London declared.

The GSCTA meets monthly every second Saturday from 2pm at the Guyana Nurses Association on Charlotte and Alexander Streets. These meetings provide opportunities for persons with sickle cell disease to share experiences, information and give support; however they are open to the public. For more information, call 227-2188.

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 5

Times Women

According to Certified Lipsologist Anna Snodgrass, certain lip features help to identify a lot about your personality and your health. Take your own lip print and match it to one of these eight traits to learn what your lips say about you.

Triangle Lip Print

Stressed Lip Print

Rectangle Lip Print

What It Says: You Help Others to Succeed You are very caring. You recognize the skills and abilities of others and help them to recognize those skills and abilities in themselves. You would do well in supportive roles like working as a teacher, coach, manager or counselor, as well as in human resources or tech support.

What It Says: Stress Lines Above and Below The stress lines are the ones that go from the inside of the lip print outward (where the lips come together). Stress lines on the top inside of the lip print represent things you are talking about but haven’t resolved. Stress lines on the bottom inside of the lip print represent those things you are not talking about and probably should be.

What It Says: The Family Problem Solver You are a community “rock” or “salt of the Earth.” You're the “goto” person to solve problems and get things worked out in the office and community – especially in your family.

Full Lower Lip Open Corners

What It Says: Generous and Expressive You're benevolent and will give easily to others.

You're also good at expressing yourself. You can be good at one or more of the following: teaching, speaking, performing, writing or simply sharing your ideas. You're also often good with children and/or animals. (Bonus: The upper lip print is thin, which means that you're picky!)

What It Says: Easily Bored When the sides or corners of the lip print are open or not touching, this means you're easily bored or like to keep busy. You always need to find something for your inquisitive mind to do!

Overwhelmed Lip Print What It Says: Ms. or Mr. Stretch!

When there is a dark outline to the lip print, this is an indication that you're overwhelmed with both your public and private lives. You're a Ms. or Mr. Stretch, meaning you have too much on your plate and need to remove some things before moving on to the next project.

Overwhelming feelings can lead to many types of stress-related health issues.

Closed Lip Print What It Says: Stubborn!

You don't like to change your mind once you've made a decision, and it would be very difficult for anyone to get you to change your mind once it’s made up. The upside is that you tend to finish what you start and do what you say you will do.

Ghost Lip Print What It Says: Lips Print Pale as a Ghost No matter how much lipstick you put on your lips, the print just isn't very dark. This means you're really tired and that you need a break – and fast! You're pretty much out of energy, don’t have much to give and need to recharge your batteries.

Time for a holiday before your body says no more! (www.doctoroz.com)

6 Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Book World

The Shaping of Guyanese Literature

Sheila – King of Children Literature

By Petamber Persaud

E

very now and again, I would pause to recognise writers who are still among us toiling away at their own literary work or lending support to emerging writers by way of inspiration and guidance.

Sheila King is an inspiration to younger writers in many ways. First and foremost, she is an inspiration as seen through her resolve and fervour, evident over many decades, in sticking with the solitary and undervalued job of writing. King started writing a long time ago, long before GuyExpo (Guyana) and long before Expo ’67 (Canada). In fact, the writing career of Sheila King blossomed during the flowering of women writing in Guyana in the 1960s.

King was part of the first Guyanese anthology of stories, ‘Stories From Guyana’, which was produced to coincide with Expo ’67 in Canada.

Incidentally, coming out from Expo’67, was a humorous poem, ‘Delightful Delinquent Millie’, written by King about the macaw that made history on that occasion. The poem became so popular locally that it was produced on stage in one of the Brink Shows of the 1960s.

Sheila King

Another groundbreaking literary effort King was involved in (with other women writers) was the publication ‘Guyana Drums’, a collection of poems prepared for the first Caribbean Festival of Arts (Carifesta) held in Guyana, 1972. That book has gone down in our history as the first anthology of Guyanese women writers.

Into the 1990s, King became a regular contributor to The Guyana Annual magazine, writing stories for children. In 1993, in her 70s, King published a small number of copies of her poems entitled ‘Our Homes Spring Poetry’.

King made contributions to Guyanese literature in other genres of writing.

Two of her plays, ‘A Matter Of Policy’ and ‘Hands Across The River’ were produced for radio. And ‘For Bettin’ Or Worse’ was produced on stage at the Theatre Guild Playhouse, Kingston, Georgetown.

Sheila King is the most senior Guyanese woman writer, born and bred in Guyana and still residing in the land of her birth. In 1968, ‘The Cruellest Test’, an adult short story, won the first prize in the Human Rights Year Short Story competition.

In her book "Guyanese Stories for Children Everywhere" (self-pub-

lished in Guyana 2008), King showed that connectivity is very important when writing for children. Connectivity operates on different levels: it may come by way of reliving an experience, by way of extending the imagination or a combination of both.

Whenever it happens, however it happens, connectivity is imperative. Adventure is also important in this type of writing; adventure with colour and flair - exciting, mysterious and suspenseful adventure. Adventure filled with moves and movements to satisfy the craving of hyperactive children and introvert bookworms.

The setting of the stories in this book is Guyana-based but the themes are universal.

Themes that delight, themes that affect, and themes that excite children. Themes that connect with children.

These stories are engaging, made so by excellent use of language with generous doses of description.

Both skill and technique came through years of practise. Lots of research went into this work to make it as plausible as possible while maintaining the element of fantasy. This thus showed her responsibility to youthful (and adult) minds – not to mislead. This juxtaposing of fact and fiction is commendable also because the writer knows the need to connect to

Into the 1990s, King became a regular contributor to The Guyana Annual magazine, writing stories for children

children by whatever means available to achieve the intended effect. And there is no doubt in her mind as to her target audience/reader.

Each story leaves the reader with a sense of satisfaction – this is a complete piece of writing, nothing more can be added, nothing to take away; it is wholesome, holistic, completely engaging, entertaining and even instructive.

Looking deeper into the writing, you find that the characters are carefully and appropriately named. This made the stories instructive without being didactic. The many messages hit you with sudden realisation causing you to nod in appreciation – this writer is pulling out all the stops!

The conversational tones of these stories sort of invite ‘you’, the reader into the setting, the action and resolution. You are always present, a character in a certain setting. You are not allowed to wander away from your own story, not even for a moment; you are there to the appropriate end.

"Guyanese Stories for Children Everywhere" is entertaining but could be used as a manual on how to write stories for children.

Responses to this author, call (592) 226-0065 or email: oraltradition2002@yahoo. com

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 7

Times Feature

How To Use LinkedIn: 5 Smart Steps To Career Success

Star of the week

A

ccording to the Pew Research Center, LinkedIn usage is especially high among the educated (bachelor’s degree holders and up), and high earners — exactly the types of people with whom you’d want to connect professionally.

Here are five steps to crafting a stellar profile, building a valuable network and leveraging both to your best advantage.

1. Make a findable and visually appealing profile.

“A professional headline with your picture and your name is what people see most often on LinkedIn, so it’s worth it to take two to three minutes to craft something appealing,” says Viveka von Rosen, author of LinkedIn Marketing: An Hour a Day and founder of LinkedIntoBusiness.com. Upload a headshot as professional-looking as possible (even if you can’t afford to hire a photographer), and write a succinct and compelling headline, which runs right under your name.

Make this 120-character space, which von Rosen calls “a mini elevator speech,” as creative and readable as possible and use keywords for your industry—whatever you would search for, or the terms you see most often on the profiles of others in your field. Most people just state their current job, but if you have multiple careers or positions, she advises focusing on skill sets.

2. Use your LinkedIn profile to showcase everything that doesn’t fit on your resume.

“LinkedIn changed its search algorithm, so take time to fill out the description areas. Don’t just list your job title, which is how people used to be able to find you,” says von Rosen.

Fill out the 1,000-character description areas under each job title and in your overall summary; list your contract work and the results you got (and state the fact that it was a X-monthlong assignment); upload or link to examples of your work, such as YouTube videos, images, PDFs, Microsoft Word documents; fill out the Projects and Publications sections of your profile (on the upper right in Edit Profile mode), or any other additional sections, such as Courses, Certifications, Patents or Volunteering, that allow you to feature other relevant skills.

3. When you’ve got a profile you’re ready to show the world, strategically connect with others.

Connect with existing professional and personal contacts—friends, classmates, former co-workers, current coworkers and other people in your industry whom you know.

Whenever you have a positive interaction with someone with whom you think it would be good to stay in touch, send him/her a LinkedIn request. If you receive an invitation from someone you don’t know, take a look at his or her profile.

Whatever you do, don’t just connect with potentially helpful people willy-nilly. If you see someone who could be useful but who you don’t know in real life, don’t squander the potential connection by sending the generic message, “Hi Laura, I’d like to connect with you on LinkedIn.”

4. Once you’ve got a valuable network, snoop.

Snooping is the best way to use LinkedIn, but only after you’ve forged good connections. Let’s say you’re interested in a job posting. You can use LinkedIn to find former employees who could give you insight into the company’s culture or to determine which of your own friends and acquaintances know current employees who could make an off-LinkedIn connection for you. LinkedIn could also be useful in the reverse situation — if you’re hiring. If you’re on the fence about an applicant and see that a colleague of yours knows him or her, then you can do a bit of reconnaissance.

5. Stay active on the site.

Getting the most out of LinkedIn isn’t just about using it when you want something specific. In general, it’s good to remain active even when you don’t have a grand purpose.

Remind your contacts that you’re doing good work by regularly sharing links relevant to others in your industry, keeping your profile current, and updating your profile when you are hired for a new position or have another accomplishment to tout.

Finally, as with anything on the internet, the website will continue to evolve features and functionalities, so be sure to stay current with Blog.linkedin.com, LinkedIntoBusiness.com, or LinkedIn’s Tuesday night Twitter chats so you can use the site to your best advantage. (Excerpted from www.forbes. com)

R

yan Washington was born on 11 December 1994. He is the last of four children and a former student of East La Penitence Primary School and Lodge Secondary School. He lost his mother at the tender age of three and was sent to live with his father where he was faced with many challenges growing up. During his teenage years, life's challenges grew larger and added to his already “hard” life as his father had died just as Washington was about to celebrate his 15th birthday. This deterred him a bit as he felt “alone and worthless” in such a big world. However, resilient to never give up on his goals, he ventured into the world of work. Washington joined the fashion industry in 2008 as a model and participated in numerous fashion events, such as Guyana Fashion Week, Guyana Model Search and many others. His hobbies include dancing, singing and, of course, modelling. Employed as a Customer Service Representative at one of Digicel's agents, Washington is determined to continue working hard towards making his future a brighter one. Notably, he was a participant in the SKII training provided by the US Embassy/USAID, where he learnt life skills on providing quality service through the positive attributes he possesses. Presently, Washington is a contestant in the Mr Guyana International 2014 competition. His platform is “Music and its influence on young men”. He chose this platform because he believes that many of the actions and decisions taken by men today are based on songs they listen to and are influenced by them. Washington plans to continue his quest for good and wholesome music to be played on all forms of media, being guided by the adage that “music is food to the soul”. He encourages young men to fuel their lives with music that will teach them to love and respect women and trust God. For more information on the competition, visit Mr Guyana International on Facebook.

8 Times Sunday Magazine

October 12, 2014

guyanatimesgy.com

Times Kids Page Creature Corner

Fast Facts

T

he Nile crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus, has a somewhat deserved reputation as a vicious man-eater. The proximity of much of its habitat to people means run-ins are frequent. And its virtually indiscriminate diet means a villager washing clothes by a riverbank might look just as tasty as a migrating wildebeest. Firm numbers are sketchy, but estimates are that up to 200 people may die each year in the jaws of a Nile croc.

Africa's largest crocodilian, these primordial brutes reach a maximum size of about 20 feet and can weigh up to 1,650 pounds.

Average sizes, though, are more in the range of 16 feet and 500 pounds. They live throughout sub-Saharan Africa, the Nile Basin, and Madagascar in rivers, freshwater marshes, and mangrove swamps.

The diet of the Nile crocodile is mainly fish, but it will attack almost anything unfortunate enough to cross its path, including zebras, small hippos, porcupines, birds, and other crocodiles. It will also scavenge carrion, and can eat up to half its body weight at a feeding.

One unusual characteristic of this fearsome predator is its caring nature as a parent. Where most reptiles lay their eggs and move on, mother and father Nile crocs ferociously guard their nests until the eggs hatch, and they will often roll the eggs gently in their mouths to help hatching babies emerge.

Hunted close to extinction in the 1940s through the 1960s, local and international protections have helped them rebound in most areas. In some regions, though, pollution, hunting, and habitat loss have severely depleted their numbers. (National Geographic)

Type: Reptile Diet: Carnivore Average life span in the wild: 45 years (est.)

Size: 16 ft (5 m) Weight: 500 lbs (225 kg) Group name: Bask (on land) or float (in water) Did you know? Mummified crocodiles and crocodile eggs have been discovered in Egyptian tombs.

Size relative to a 6-ft (2-m) man:

Nile crocodile

The objective of the game is to fill all the blank squares in a game with the correct numbers. Every row of 9 numbers must include all digits 1 through 9 in any order. Every column of 9 numbers must include all digits 1 through 9 in any order. Every 3 by 3 subsection of the 9 by 9 square must include all digits 1 through 9.

Maze Daze

A

Cats rule in ancient Egypt

ncient Egyptians worshipped many animals for thousands of years. Animals were revered for different reasons.

Dogs were valued for their ability to protect and hunt, but cats were thought to be the most special. Egyptians believed cats were magical creatures, capable of bringing good luck to the people who housed them.

To honour these treasured pets, wealthy families dressed them in jewels and fed them treats fit for royalty. When the cats died, they were mummified. As a sign of mourning, the cat owners shaved off their eyebrows, and continued to mourn until their eyebrows grew back. Art from ancient Egypt shows statues and paintings of every type of feline. Cats were so special that those who killed them, even by accident, were sentenced to death.

According to Egyptian mythology, gods and goddesses had the power to transform themselves into different animals. Only one deity, the goddess named Bastet had the power to become a cat. In the city of Per-Bast, a beautiful temple to Bastet was built, and people came from all over to experience its splendour.

Bastet was a goddess who could become a cat

please see solution on page 22

guyanatimesgy.com

october 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 9

How rivers form There are many factors at work in a river’s formation. They are formed and molded over long periods of time by erosion, sediment transportation and deposits. The energy of the river’s flow affects these factors.

A river’s load

By Laurie Triefeldt

Many food fish,

As a river flows, it carries along material, or debris. This is called its load. A river’s load includes sand, rocks and stones that are washed along the river. As the river’s load moves down the riverbed, it deepens the river channel.

In places where the river flows over soft limestone, water seeps into the rock, slowly dissolving it and forming tunnels, caves and underground rivers.

River types Young rivers have steep gradients, few tributaries and fastflowing water. Examples of youthful rivers include Trinity River and the Brazos River in the U.S. and the Ebro in Spain.

Mature rivers have less steep gradients and tend to flow more slowly than younger rivers. They are often fed by several tributaries.

A mature river has widely eroded channels rather than deep ones.

Examples of mature rivers include the St. Lawrence River, the Ohio River and the River Thames.

Old rivers have very low gradients and are characterized by wellestablished floodplains. Some of the world’s famous old rivers include the Ganges, Nile and Euphrates.

Rivers are natural streams that follow a defined course or channel. like trout and salmon, rely on clean They are fairly large and are usually filled with fresh water. Rivers rivers to reproduce play a vital role for many natural ecosystems. Humans built their first and as a habitat. civilizations on the banks of rivers. Historically, rivers have fed people and served as major transportation routes for trade and travel.

Largemouth bass

At the source A river’s source is the Rain cloud place where it starts.

Almost all river water comes from rain or melted snow. Most rivers begin in mountains or hills, but the source may also be an underground Boggy region spring, a lake, a pond or a boggy (swampy) region.

Snow melt Surface runoff

Gray sea trout

People & rivers People have chosen to live near rivers since prehistoric times. In addition to providing freshwater fish for food, rivers also provide drinking and washing water.

Source

Groundwater flows through rocks and soil underground, feeding a river even in dry seasons.

Headwaters

Most rivers are formed by the merging of other rivers or streams, called tributaries. The highest tributaries are called the headwaters.

Farmers take advantage of the fertile land of river plains. They also dig irrigation ditches to carry water from rivers to farmland.

Tributary

The direction of the river’s source is known as upriver.

Downriver is the direction of the river’s flow. All rivers flow downhill.

Rivers have been used as a source of power since ancient times, when water mills were used to grind grain into flour. The energy of flowing water at waterfalls and other steep places along a river can be harnessed to drive machines and generate electric power.

Water mill

In the end A river ends at its mouth, which is where it meets another river, a desert basin, a lake or an ocean.

Rejuvenated rivers form when a geologic force raises their gradient.

Intermittent or ephemeral rivers flow only occasionally and can be dry for months or even years at a time.

Riverbank

Oxbow lake

Floodplain

Sediment deposits

Clean, healthy rivers provide great recreational fishing.

The giant muskie can be found in the St. Lawrence River. Some grow up to 6 feet (1.8 m) long and weigh nearly 70 pounds (32 kg).

Just a little respect The Earth has a small and limited supply of fresh water. It should be respected and cherished.

All water on Earth 97% Salt water

Fresh water 3% 30.1% Groundwater 0.9% Other 68.7% Icecaps and glaciers

Surface water 0.3%

87% Lakes

11% Swamps 2% Rivers

In North America, rivers were the highways of the continent for the native peoples and early European colonists. At this Birch bark time, canoes were the fastcanoe est mode of transportation.

Delta Mouth

Important world rivers 1.Yukon 2. Mackenzie 3. Missouri 4. Mississippi 5. Amazon 6. Paraná 7. Danube 8. Niger 9. Nile 10. Congo 11. Volga 12. Ob 13. Ganges 14. Lena 15. Amur 16. Yellow 17. Yangtze 18. Mekong

1

14

2

12 11

15

7

3

16 4

The Amazon River in South America is the second-longest river.

It is about 4,000 miles (6,437 km) long. The Amazon carries more water than any other river — five times more than the Congo, which carries the next most.

13 8

9 10

5 6

The Nile River in Africa is the world’s longest river. It flows for 4,160 miles (6,695 km).

17 18

The Yangtze River in China is the world’s third-longest river. It flows for 3,917 miles (6,304 km). It is home to one of the most endangered animals on Earth, the Yangtze river dolphin.

10 Times Sunday Magazine

October 12, 2014

guyanatimesgy.com

Times Fashion

F

irst Resort, a designer line by Sonia Noel, depicts the easy, carefree, uninhibited nature of Caribbean lifestyle presented in breathing, eco-friendly, caressing, textiles that capture the attitude of leisure.

Noel fashionably infuses her signature latticing, kaftan silhouettes and versatile wraps to create this irresistible collection for a winning look.

Recently, the designer added comfy pants and stylish scarves, which were showcased at the Suriname Fashion Week. According to Noel, these new designs will be featured at a fashion event to be held at Elberta Restaurant and Lounge in Brooklyn, New York, on 15 October.

For more info, call (592) 226-3099 or 718-490-0529 (NY contact number).

Modelling this week’s collection are Meleesa Payne, Amanda Henery and Divya Sieudarsan. Photos by Ryan Toney.

Designer Sonia Noel displays one of her chic designs

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 11

Star Times Hollywood

T

errence Jenkins is an American actor, television personality and model best known as the host of BET's popular music video countdown show 106 & Park from 2006 until 2012. Originally from Queens, New York, Jenkins grew up mostly in Raleigh and Rocky Mount, North Carolina. In 2004, he graduated from North Carolina A&T State University with a degree in mass communication. He made his acting debut in the sequel to the 2007 film “Stomp the Yard”, “Stomp the Yard 2: Homecoming”, and appeared in the Christina Aguilera and Cher film “Burlesque”. Jenkins is also known for his role in Tim Story's 2012 film “Think Like A Man” (based on Steve Harvey's bestseller) and “Think Like A Man Too” (2014). In 2013, his first book, The Wealth of My Mother's Wisdom, was released. He is now a co-anchor of E! News.

12 Times Sunday Magazine

October 12, 2014

guyanatimesgy.com

Times Hollywood

Angelina Jolie receives Jaden Smith debuts 'Honorary Dame' award new track 'Melancholy' from Queen Elizabeth J

N

ewly married Angelina Jolie made it a family outing as she went to Buckingham Palace to meet Queen Elizabeth on Friday.

The actress and humanitarian, 39, had a private audience with the Queen, 88, who presented her with the physical symbol of her recently bestowed title of honorary dame – the Insignia of an Honorary Dame Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George.

They met for about 20 minutes, a palace source tells PEOPLE, with most of the time taken up by the presentation and a following conversation the Queen had with Jolie, who wore a dove grey suit by British couture house Ralph & Russo.

Then, in what must have been a memorable moment

aden Smith keeps rolling out new music. After releasing new tracks "Blue Ocean", "Trophy" and "Fast" earlier this month, the star of "The Karate Kid" posted a new track called "Melancholy" on his sister Willow Smith's SoundCloud page on Thursday, October 9.

The latest track finds Jaden rapping over Pink Floyd's 1973 psychedelic track "Breathe". The 16-year-old star calls out his haters with lines like, "Man, you guys are just some rich kids/ How dare you call yourself the MSFTS," and, "I bet you thought that you would body this/ You're messing up a classic, how you did with 'The Karate Kid'."

Willow makes a guest appearance on the song, providing some backing vocals for her brother.

Jaden is now working on an album to follow up his 2012 mixtape "The Cool Tape Vol. 1". It's unclear if "Melancholy" will join "Trophy" on the upcoming project or not.

Official release date, title and more details

for the family, Pitt, 50, and the couple's six children – Maddox, Pax, Zahara, Shiloh, Vivienne and Knox – were ushered in to the grand 1844 Room to be presented to the Queen.

Unfortunately, no media – or spokespeople for the royal family – were in attendance, so there are no details of the meeting. A royal source says that while there was a "serious nature" to the visit, the atmosphere at the palace meeting "was a happy family one."

It was revealed in June that Jolie was being made an honorary dame in the list of recipients issued to mark the Queen's birthday. The title recognizes Jolie's work in founding of the Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative (PSVI) and the contribution she has made toward the British foreign policy ob-

jective of ending sexual violence in conflict.

The Jolie-Pitts have had much to celebrate of late. In August they were toasting their secret wedding at their countryside home in France.

Audiences with the Queen are not announced, so it had not been made public that Jolie had an appointment at the palace Friday.

The family is thought to have come in from Gozo, one of the Maltese islands, where they are living during the making of the upcoming film By the Sea. Honors such as the conferring of knights and dames, and others like CBE and OBE medals, are normally given in public ceremonies. But sometimes they take place in private at home or abroad – especially if the recipient, like Jolie, is not British. (PEOPLE)

Amanda Bynes accuses her dad of sexually abusing her, retracts claims after mom slams accusations in statement

A

manda Bynes is retracting her accusations that her dad, Rick, sexually abused her after her mom, Lynn, released a statement to E! News on Oct. 10 saying that the accusations "stem from Amanda's mental state."

It all started on Friday when Amanda took to Twitter and accused her father in a series of tweets of sexually, physically, and verbally abusing her as a child. "My dad was verbally and physically abuse to me as a child," she tweeted. "He called me ugly as a child and then asked me if I wanted to have sex with him and I did not know how to respond and I said no and then I was forced to live with my dad which was a total nightmare. My dad fondled himself in front of me so many times that I started recording him on my phone in hopes of catching him saying or doing something inappropriate around me so I could get him arrested and put in jail for the rest of his perverted life," she continued.

"My mom knows that my father's literally and physically incestual towards his own daughter and the fact that she never called the police on him embarrasses me to no end.

So, today I am meeting with a lawyer to get a restraining order against my dad."

Following her accusations, the troubled star's mom's attorney Tamar Arminak told E! News in a statement on her behalf: "I am heartbroken today for my husband of 47 years. Rick has been the best father and husband a family can ask for. He has never abused Amanda or our other children physically or sexually. These accusations are absolutely horrible and could not be further

about the album are still kept under tight wraps. (AceShowbiz.com)

Man claiming to be Iggy Azalea's husband files for divorce

A

man named Hefe Wine a.k.a. Maurice Williams has filed for divorce from Iggy Azalea, TMZ reports. The man, who was sued by the Australian singer over some music, filed the document in Texas, seeking to end what appears to be a com-

mon law marriage.

Wine said he and Azalea "agreed to be married, holding themselves out as man and wife and began residing together in the State of Texas on or about September, 2008."

The pair then started living separately last year. In the document, Wine also asks the judge to prevent Azalea from selling properties they accumulate during their marriage.

The site explains that in Texas a couple who lives together are considered legally married if they agree to be married and hold themselves out to others as husband and wife. A representative for the "Fancy" hitmaker, however, denied that Azalea was married to Wine.

If the judge recognizes their marriage, it means their assets including her music will be community property. Azalea's rep additionally claimed that it was Wine's attempt to gain money from the star.

Azalea, meanwhile, was seen supporting his boyfriend Nick Young as he recovered from a thumb surgery earlier this week. On Thursday, she was photographed at LAX. She went make-up free while catching her flight, wearing a dark green sweater and a black thigh-high slit skirt. (AceShowbiz. com)

Nick Cannon: ‘I'm taking separation from Mariah one day at a time’

O

from the truth! These allegations stem from Amanda's mental state at the moment. They have no basis in reality. It saddens me beyond belief that my husband's character could be slandered in such a way."

Bynes then took to Twitter and retracted her claims, tweeting, "My dad never did any of those things The microchip in my brain made me say those things but he's the one that ordered them to microchip me." Read more of Amanda's troubling tweets.

The mess comes after the former Nickelodeon star was arrested for her second DUI last month. In 2013, Bynes spent almost six months in rehab following a 5150 involuntary psychiatric hold after a stretch of erratic behavior. Bynes' parents' temporary conservatorship over the actress ended on Sept. 10. (US Magazine)

ne thing's for certain: Nick Cannon is not going to go through his separation from Mariah Carey alone.

Since he admitted that the two are living in separate houses back in August, Cannon's relationship has been thrust into the media spotlight, for better or for worse.

But, while the songstress has remained pretty quiet since the news broke, the America's Got Talent host has been opening up. "I'm just taking everything one day at a time and just being the best person that I can possibly be at the end of the day," the 34-year-old told Extra at the New York City premiere of Addicted on Thursday.

During another interview, Cannon added that public scrutiny was the hardest part of the breakup. "Public opinion is the harshest thing about it," he told HuffPost Live on Wednesday. "Every family, every relationship, all these people go through things and they deal with it the way that they choose to deal with it. But to have someone judging the way you're dealing with your personal life is always like, 'Hey, that's a little harsh.'

But I also know what I signed up for," he added.

Talking isn't all Cannon's doing. He was snapped shirtless earlier this week with a significant change to the giant "Mariah" tattoo that used to be inked across his back.

Nick wouldn't confirm what exactly the end result will be, which looks a lot like a cross and perhaps wings, but apparently, it's still a work in progress.

"It's not finished yet," he told Extra. "It wasn't supposed to be revealed yet. … It hurt a lot and I'm still not finished, I'm still probably like six more sessions away."

Cannon and Carey were married in 2008 after dating for only six weeks.

For her part, Mariah, who is on tour in Japan with the couple's 3-year-old twins, hinted at the couple's possible troubles with a change to the Billie Holiday song "Don't Explain" during her Tokyo concert.

The 45-year-old sang, "I know you cheated, motherf****r instead of 'And I know you cheat/ Right or wrong, don't matter.'"

(Yahoo)

T

October 12, 2014

aapsee Pannu is an Indian model-turned-film actress, who has worked in Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam and Hindi film industries. Pannu worked as a software professional and also pursued a career in modelling before becoming an actress. After a short stint with modelling, she made her acting debut in the 2010 Telugu film “Jhummandi Naadam”. Since then, she has appeared in a number of critically acclaimed films such as “Aadukalam”, “Vastadu Naa Raju”, “Mr. Perfect”, and “Vandhaan Vendraan”. “Aadukalam” met with critical acclaim and commercial success upon release and eventually went on to win six National Film Awards at the 58th National Film Awards.

Pannu was awarded Most Enthusiastic Performer-Female Award at the 2014 Edison Awards for her performance in Tamil film “Arrambam”.

guyanatimesgy.com

Times Sunday Magazine 13

Star Times Bollywood

14 Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Bollywood

Stan Lee developing Indian superhero film ‘Chakra the Invincible’

S

tan Lee is developing an Indian superhero film based on his comic “Chakra the Invincible”.

Lee's POW! Entertainment and Graphic India are producing the project, according to The Hollywood Reporter.

The Marvel Comics legend and Graphic India CEO Sharad Devarajan have been meeting with Bollywood directors about Lee's first Indian film.

Chakra is Raju Rai, an adolescent technology genius living in Mumbai who develops an advanced suit

that unlocks the full power of his chakras, granting him superhuman abilities.

The film will star an older version of the character, facing off against the villain Boss Yama.

“Chakra the Invincible” debuted in 2011.

(Hollywood Reporter)

Shah Rukh: 'A film I'm part of will be bigger than it was meant to be'

S

hah Rukh Khan has said he is not concerned with doing 'offbeat' films.

The actor, who has starred in films such as “Maya Memsaab”, “Swades” and “Chak De! India”, said the term doesn't apply to him since even his experimental films find a mass audience.

In an interview with The Decan Herald, he explained: "What is an off-beat film?

You put me in an off-beat film and it will become onbeat. Like Chak De! India

was an off-beat film and it did really well money wise.

It is the biggest success of my career.

"I think any film that I am part of will become bigger than it was meant to be as I am a big movie star.

Even if it is an off-beat movie, people will watch it and so it will become on-beat.

"I did Maya Memsaab, Oh Darling Yeh Hai India, Darr, Baazigar, Swades, Chak De! India and others so I do off-beat films whenever I feel like doing it," he said.

The actor revealed that his forthcoming releases, YRF's Fan and Rahul Dholakia's Raees fall in the category of off-beat cinema and he is happy to be a part of them.

The “Happy New Year” star explained that he chooses the films he wants to do.

"I will never do anything that others want me to do. I have enough money, I am a rich star, I am famous and have enough awards.

"I will do films that make me happy like I did Ra.One because my children like superheroes. My father played hockey so I wanted to do Chak De. It is important to feel excited about doing what you want to," he said.

Shah Rukh Khan joins an ensemble cast for Farah Khan's “Happy New Year” produced by Red Chillies Entertainment.

The film is scheduled to release worldwide on October 24. (The Decan Herald)

Aamir Khan visits Nepal as Unicef ambassador for nutrition

A

amir Khan has taken part in a nutrition programme for Unicef, organised by a local women's group in Kapilvastu, Nepal.

The actor - who is a Unicef ambassador for promoting nutrition for children - visited the capital Kathmandu on Tuesday (October 7), IANS reports.

The 49-year-old is set to be officially inducted as a regional goodwill ambassador for nutrition as part of his visit.

During his stay, he has attended an hour-long presentation by health officials and female volunteers on the state of mass nutrition at the Pakadi Health Post.

After attending the pro-

gramme, Khan moved on to Lumbini, the place where Lord Gautama Buddha was born.

Unicef is planning a press conference where the

Shahid Kapoor: 'Haider is the most enriching experience of my career'

T

he team of “Haider” has been celebrating the success of the film.

The UTV Motion Pictures movie has been acclaimed by both the audience and the media, with star Shahid Kapoor lauded for his powerful performance.

Speaking to the Times of India, Shahid said: "Playing Haider has been difficult, yet the most enriching experience of my career.

The response from the audiences, industry and media has been heartening and a matter of pride for all those who were involved with the film."

Director Vishal Bhardwaj, whose VB Pictures has co-produced the Hindi adaptation of Hamlet, commented: "I'm humbled by the response that the film has received. The inherent intensity and conflict was tough to bring out on celluloid.

"I was lucky to have UTV's support to produce this, along with actors like Shahid, Tabu, Kay Kay [Menon], Irrfan [Khan] and Shraddha [Kapoor]."

Siddharth Roy Kapur, MD of Disney India, said of the achievement: "As a studio, we believe that powerful stories, when given the right platform, can become a success.

"Haider's success is a compliment to

K

'Sheila Ki Jawaani' and 'Chikni Chameli, said she is now keen to turn her hand to a dance-based movie.

"I am extremely passionate about dance, so if that came together with a great script, and if there's a good script like Step Up, I would like to do it."

The remake of Knight and Day also scored the fifth-highest opening day of a Bollywood film ever, after “Dhoom 3”, “Chennai Express”, “Ek Tha Tiger” and “Singham Returns”.

(IANS)

Vishal's storytelling talent and we hope to give more of such films to audiences worldwide." (Times of India)

Bollywood diva Rekha turns 60

Katrina Kaif: 'No one is forcing you to come and watch my movies' atrina Kaif has said she is not concerned with criticism.

While her latest film “Bang Bang” has done well at the box office, the film received less than favourable reviews from the critics.

Reacting to the feedback she told IANS: "My philosophy in life is live and let live.

If you like my films, please come and watch them, and if you don't like it, please don't watch it.

"No-one is forcing you to come and watch it."

The actress, who is known for songs such as

actor will share his experience in Nepal.

The actor has previously said that he was "honoured" to take on the role. (Digital Spy)

B

ollywood screen diva Rekha, who mesmerised audiences in the ’70s and ’80s with hits like “Muqaddar Ka Sikander”, “Do Anjaane”, “Khoobsurat” and “Umrao Jaan”, turned 60 on Friday.

Rekha says there would not be any celebration around her birthday as she feels ev-

ery day is special.

“I actually visit the temple every day but I genuinely don’t understand the importance that people give to their birthdays or any special day, be it a festival or a birthday.

I believe that every day is a celebration and every day I’m born anew and genuinely try to live every day differently,” she said in an interview to a radio channel.

Rekha said she remembers her mother Pushpavalli, whom she fondly called ‘amma’ on her birthday. The actress attributes her glow to the immense love she continues to get over the years from people and the good genes that she inherited from her parents – Gemini Ganesan and Pushpavalli.

The extremely private actress, who has acted in 180 films in a career spanning over 40 years, continues to enthrall her fans with her occasional Bollywood outings, most recent being “Koi… Mil Gaya” (2003), “Krrish” (2006) and “Sadiyaan” (2010).

Rekha is now gearing up for her next Bollywood release “Super Nani”, in which her character of a grandmother is unappreciated by her children and husband.

With the help of her grandson, played by Sharman Joshi, she transforms into a glamorous model. (Indian Express)

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine

15

Times Healthy Living

Atherosclerosis

By Zenica Dabichan

A

therosclerosis (pronounced: ath-er-oskler-O-sis) is a disease in which plaque builds up inside your arteries.

Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your organs, most importantly, the brain and heart.

Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows your arteries. This limits the flow of blood to organs and other parts of your body.

Atherosclerosis is a silent killer since it is asymptomatic for many years until an artery is severely occluded.

Different conditions occur based on which arteries are affected, these include: 1.

Heart diseas-

es the main killer of persons in the United States.

Atherosclerotic plaques can narrow the arteries which supply blood to the muscles of the heart. When blood supply to the heart is reduced or completely blocked it results in chest pains or a heart attack.

2. A stroke occurs if plaque builds up in the arteries which supply oxygenrich blood to your brain. If blood flow to your brain is reduced or blocked, you may have a stroke.

3. Peripheral Arterial Disease occurs if plaque builds up in the major arteries that supply blood to your legs and arms. If blood flow to these parts of your body is reduced or blocked, you may have numbness, pain and ulcers that do not heal.

4. Chronic kidney disease can occur when plaque

builds up in the arteries that supply the kidneys.

This results in loss of kidney function.

Risk factors

• Age and sex. With increasing age comes an increased risk of atherosclero-

sis. Premenopausal women have a lower risk of this disease than men but after menopause the risk is the same.

• Family history.

Atherosclerosis runs in families due to a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors.

• Smoking. This is the most important avoidable cause of atherosclerotic disease.

• High blood pressure.

The higher your blood pressure is the greater the risk of developing atherosclerosis.

• Diabetes. This is a potent risk factor that causes widespread atherosclerosis that is difficult to treat.

• High cholesterol.

Eating foods high in cholesterol will increase the amount in your blood which leads to plaque formation in

your arteries.

• Physical inactivity and obesity. A sedentary lifestyle roughly doubles the risk of heart disease and is a major risk factor for stroke.

Lifestyle changes that can prevent atherosclerosis: • Quit smoking • Get regular exercise (minimum of 20 minutes, three times a week).

• Maintain a healthy body weight • Eat a mixed diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables.

Avoid fatty foods.

• Visit your doctor regularly to get your blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar tested. If you are diagnosed with high blood pressure, high cholesterol or diabetes, taking your medications as directed will go a long way to decrease your risk of developing atherosclerotic complications.

Surprising Ways to Use Apple Cider Vinegar

D

id you know that where you store fat on your body is critical to what you should be putting on your plate? Filling your diet with body-type-specific foods will help you shed pounds and keep you healthy.

There are two major body types – bigger on the top or bigger on the bottom.

Fat distribution actually shifts as we age, and as your shape changes you need to eat differently.

What it means if you’re bigger on top: • Your fat migrates to your belly and above.

• You’re an android.

What it means if you’re bigger on the bottom: • Your fat settles downward to your butt and legs.

• You’re a gynoid.

What to Eat if You're an Android Body Type

Eating Rules: 1. At least one serving of vitamin C at every meal.

2. Eat cold-resistant carbs at every meal.

3. Cook with coconut oil.

Vitamin C helps reduce levels of cortisol, which causes fat to migrate up to your middle. One study has shown that vitamin-C deficiency was associated with 131% increased chance of belly fat.

Contrary to popular belief, oranges are not the highest source of vitamin C. The best sources of vitamin C can be found in onecup servings of the following foods: papaya, bell peppers, broccoli, strawberries or kale.

Eating these foods raw will help you get the highest amount of nutrients, but it’s fine to have them frozen and cooked, too. What’s most important is that you’re getting this nutrient.

When food is cooled, resistant carbs can form, which can help break down belly fat.

When the temperature is altered, the food is changed and digests differently. Coldresistant carbs are resistant to digestion in

your small intestine, meaning they don’t get absorbed and can increase your body’s fatburning ability by 20%.

Work cold-resistant carbs into every meal by having a one-third-cup serving of any of the following foods: potatoes, white beans, barley, long-grain rice and lentils.

Cooking with coconut oil can help you lose weight. In one study, women who ate two tablespoons of coconut oil a day charged their metabolism and shrunk their waistlines.

What to Eat if You're a Gynoid Body Type

Eating rules: 1. Eat one serving of insoluble fiber at every meal.

2. Eat one serving of calcium at every meal.

3. Add one serving of lean beef.

Increased estrogen levels are why fat settles in your butt and thighs. Eating insoluble fiber reduces the estrogen in your body. To get the best sources of insoluble fiber, fill one-third of your plate with roughly one cup of the following foods: squash, avocado, eggplant or 100% wheat bread.

Studies demonstrate that calcium helps to regulate the way fat cells store, build up and break down fat. Low-fat dairy sources such as milk, yogurt and cottage cheese help promote weight loss, so be sure to choose low-fat (2%) instead of non-fat dairy. Your best sources of calcium are 2% milk, low-fat yogurt, low-fat cheese, or you can add nondairy calcium by eating shiitake mushrooms, spinach or almonds.

Women who have their fat migrate down to their butt, legs and thighs are more sensitive to high-fat foods. Lean meats are low in fat and high in protein. They can help build muscle mass, making it easier to lose that stubborn fat that settles around your hips and thighs. The best sources of lean beef are four ounces of the following foods: ground round, tenderloin, sirloin or flank steak. (www.doctoroz.com)

T

hat bottle of apple cider vinegar in your kitchen cabinet is capable of so much more than adding flavor to a salad. In fact, it may be time to move it to the medicine cabinet. Organic apple cider vinegar is antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal, so it can soothe your sore throat, heal your heartburn, remove that persistent wart and so much more. Plus, it’s all natural and inexpensive.

Remove dandruff

Dandruff is more than just a nuisance – it’s embarrassing! Salon sprays are costly, but with apple cider vinegar, your dandruff destroyer will cost only pennies per spray.

Just mix equal parts (about 1/4 cup each) apple cider vinegar and water in a spray bottle. Spray onto your hair after shampoo, let sit for 15 minutes and rinse. Use twice per week, and you should be flake free in no time. One theory suggests that the acidity in the vinegar makes it harder for the fungus that contributes to dandruff to grow on your scalp.

Sooth a sore throat

If you suffer from chronic sore throats, but don’t want to overdose on cough syrup, turn to apple cider vinegar. Mix one teaspoon apple cider vinegar, one teaspoon cayenne pepper and three teaspoons clover honey in a glass of warm water for an easy elixir. All three ingredients will work together to help you heal: Apple cider vinegar and honey have antibacterial properties, and the capsaicin in hot peppers helps alleviate pain. If that sore throat is due to allergies, apple cider vinegar packs an extra punch, since it also breaks up mucous and sinus congestion.

Eliminate foot odor

Make amazing foot deodorizer wipes by pouring one-cup apple cider vinegar over baby wipes. (Thick single-use size paper towels will also work.) Soak the wipes overnight in the fridge, then store in a zip-lock bag to use as needed. The acids in the apple cider vinegar will alter the pH level of your skin, which fights off bacteria that cause smelly feet. In a pinch, these wipes also make great all-natural underarm deodorizers. Don’t be thrown off by the vinegar smell – it will dissipate once it dries.

Balance your digestive system

Apple cider vinegar may just be the solution to help your digestive issues. To reduce gas, dilute a tablespoon of enzyme-rich apple cider vinegar with a cup of water or tea, and drink before a meal. This will also

combat constipation, since the vinegar stimulates digestive juices that help your body breakdown food. You can also take a dose as soon as you feel heartburn symptoms coming on for a quick fix. Some theories suggest that heartburn occurs because of low stomach acid levels; so vinegar brings that level up. If you hate the taste of this mixture, try adding a dollop of honey.

Clear up your skin

Apple cider vinegar can do wonders for your skin. For an all-natural astringent, apply a washcloth soaked in diluted apple cider vinegar to your face. Afterward, the protective acidic layer will make your skin feel smoother, absorb excess oil and reduce fine lines. This works by restoring the proper pH levels to your skin, and beta-carotene helps to counter future skin damage. Plus, a dab of diluted apple cider vinegar left overnight on age spots, pimples or acne scars will help reduce their appearance.

Heal sunburn

Burnt to a crisp after a day in the sun?

Apple cider vinegar to the rescue! Try adding a cupful or two to your bath to neutralize the burn. After soaking for 10 minutes, the apple cider vinegar will have helped restore your skin’s pH levels and your skin will feel cool and soothed.

Whiten your teeth

Yellow teeth are no match for apple cider vinegar. For stubborn stains, rub apple cider vinegar directly on your teeth then rinse with water. Be careful not to do this too often, as it can break down tooth enamel. For a less abrasive whitening mouthwash, mix one teaspoon of apple cider vinegar with a cup of water, then swish around in your mouth. (www.doctoroz.com)

16 Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Home & Cooking

Caramel Custard Ingredients:

1-1/2 cups sugar, divided 6 eggs

Method:

I

nject a splash of colour into your bedroom with creatively colourful bedding. These linens use vibrant colours for a bold statement that will satisfy your colour cravings.

In a large heavy saucepan, cook and stir 3/4 cup sugar over low heat until sugar is melted and golden. Pour into eight 6-oz. custard cups, tilting to coat bottom of cup; let stand for 10 minutes.

In a large bowl, beat the eggs, milk, vanilla and remaining sugar until combined but not foamy. Pour over caramelized sugar.

Place the cups in two 8-in. square baking pans. Pour boiling water in pans to a depth of 1 in. Bake at 350째 for 40-45 minutes or until a knife inserted near centre comes out clean.

Remove from pans to cool on wire racks.

3 cups milk 2 teaspoons vanilla extract To unmold, run a knife around rim of cup and invert onto dessert place. Serve warm or chilled. Yield: 8 servings.

Whole Wheat Pepperoni Pizzas Ingredients:

Toppings: 4 teaspoons olive oil 1 can (15 ounces) pizza sauce 2 teaspoons dried oregano 4 cups (16 ounces) shredded mozzarella cheese 2 ounces turkey pepperoni, diced 1/4 cup grated Parmesan cheese 2/3 cup chopped onion 2/3 cup chopped green pepper

Method:

Bake at 450째 for 15-20 minutes or until crust is golden brown. Yield: 2 pizzas.

1-2/3 cups water 2 tablespoons olive oil 2 tablespoons sugar 2 tablespoons nonfat dry milk powder 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon lemon juice 2-1/2 cups bread flour 2 cups whole wheat flour 2 teaspoons active dry yeast

Pink Hues Use a vibrant pink to add colour and make a bold statement in a contemporary bedroom.

Thoroughly combine the first nine ingredients. (If you have a bread machine, use it. Select dough setting). Add 1 to 2 tablespoons of water or flour if needed. Turn dough onto a lightly floured surface. Divide dough in half. Cover and let stand for 10 minutes. Roll into two 14-in. circles. Transfer to two 14-in. pizza pans coated with cooking spray. Spread oil over each crust. Top with the pizza sauce, oregano, mozzarella cheese, pepperoni, Parmesan cheese, onion and green pepper.

GREATEST COOKING TIPS

Soft Blue Pops of colour are in the chic floralpatterned comforter and matching accent pillows. A baby-blue blanket softens the surrounding colour.

Tropical Sunshine

Hues of green, yellow and orange coordinate for a soothing tropical look.

L

adling pancake batter into a pan is a recipe for a mess. Instead of dripping batter all over the place, put that pancake batter in an old condiment bottle, such as a ketchup bottle, and squeeze it out. You'll get perfectly shaped pancakes without any drips or unevenness.

To get rid fruit stains on your fingers, rub them with a fresh, peeled potato or white vinegar.

If your milk fresh for longer and stop it from going off, try adding a pinch of salt to the bottle when you first open it.

When making a soup, sauce, or casserole that ends up too fatty or greasy, drop in an ice cube, the ice will attract the fat, which you can then scoop out.

K

HOME HELP

eep air pure with houseplants. Research from NASA and the Associated Landscape Contractors of America suggests that palms, English ivy, ferns, mums and similar plants remove up to 87% of indoor pollutants.

Take a hands-on approach to your mini blinds and venetians. Just slip on a pair of white cotton gloves, dip fingers into a solution of equal parts white vinegar and warm tap water, then run your fingers across both sides of each slat. Rinse gloves as necessary in a bowl of clean water.

Give chandeliers a quick cleaning with a blow-dryer (set on low) or a feather duster. For tougher jobs, fill a spray bottle with one part vodka to five parts water, spritz on fixtures and blow-dry.

To remove ring around the collar, draw over the stain with a piece of white chalk. Let it soak up the grease for a few minutes, then dust off excess chalk and launder as usual.

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 17

Times Sunday Puzzle

There is a common English word that is nine letters long.

Each time you remove a letter from it, it still remains an English word - from nine letters right down to a single letter. What is the original word, and what are the words that it becomes after removing one letter at a time? see solution on page 22

see solution on page 22

see solution on page 22

18 Times Sunday Magazine

October 12, 2014

guyanatimesgy.com

Times Creative Writing

The wolf in sheep's clothing A

wolf found great difficulty in getting at the sheep owing to the vigilance of the shepherd and his dogs. But one day it found the skin of a sheep that had been flayed and thrown aside, so it put in on over its own pelt and strolled down among the sheep.

The lamb that belonged to the sheep, whose skin the wolf was wearing, began to follow the wolf in the sheep's clothing.

So, leading the lamb a little apart, he soon made a meal off her, and for some time he succeeded in deceiving the sheep, and enjoying hearty meals. (Aesop's fables) Moral: Appearances are deceptive.

The miser and his gold

O

nce upon a time there was a miser who used to hide his gold at the foot of a tree in his garden; but every week he used to go and dig it up and gloat over his

gains.

A robber, who had noticed this, went and dug up the gold and decamped with it. When the miser next came to gloat over his treasures, he found nothing but the empty hole. He tore his hair, and raised such an outcry that all the neigh-

bours came around him, and he told them how he used to come and visit his gold.

"Did you ever take any of it out?" asked one of them.

"Nay, said he, "I only came to look at it."

"Then come again and look at the hole," said a neighbour. "It will do you just as much good." (Aesop's fables) Moral: Wealth unused might as well not exist.

Rain and her son I

t is told that Rain was once a beautiful woman who lived long ago in the sky. For a girdle she wore a rainbow around her waist. Rain married the man who created the earth and they had three beautiful daughters. When she grew up, the eldest daughter wished to leave home and visit the earth below. Her parents let her go and once there she fell in love and married a handsome hunter. While she was away, her mother Rain bore another child, a son, whom she named Son-eib. When Soneib was old enough, his sisters begged their parents to let them also travel to see the world, but their mother, Rain, was afraid she would lose them all, and refused. However, an acquaintance, Wolf, had looked upon the two daughters and found them fair. Disguising his wicked heart, he said to the father: “Pray let them go, it will be good for their education, and I myself will go with them to look after them.” So the father gave them permission in spite of his wife's grief: and off they went, full of happiness.

Soon after they had come down to earth, they came to a village where both good and bad people lived. A woman passing by stared hard at Son-eib and said: “How can this be? This boy

has my mother's eyebrows.”

She offered them food, but Wolf did not give any to Son-eib, saying: “He is not a person, he is just a thing.” Son-eib turned away angrily, but the daughters ate. While sitting by himself in the long grass the boy caught a beautiful red bird which fluttered past him, and concealed it under his coat.

That night the woman offered them the shelter of her house. “For you can-

not lie in the dark, beautiful girls, and boy with my mother's eyebrows.”

However, Wolf would not let the boy into the house but made him lie by himself in a little hut. After dark, Wolf went and fetched some of the bad people from the village and they set fire to the hut and burned it down with the boy inside, but as the roof fell in, a lovely red bird flew up into the night. Up, up it flew, straight to the boy's mother.

“Son-eib is dead! He perished in the fire and his sisters did not know,” sang the bird.

“Do you hear what the bird sings?” asked Rain of her husband. “You, whose name is Flame, what will you do now that they have killed our son?”

A little while later, the good and bad people in the village observed a great black storm cloud approaching fast and around its middle was a rainbow. Suddenly lightning flashed wildly from the cloud, striking here and there. It singled out Wolf and all the bad people and struck them dead. A mighty voice roared out of the cloud: “Do not kill the Children of the Sky.” And ever since then, the Bushman has feared the rainbow. (An African fable)

After The Storm

There are so many islands!

As many islands as the stars at night on that branched tree from which meteors are shaken like falling fruit around the schooner Flight.

But things must fall, and so it always was, on one hand Venus, on the other Mars; fall, and are one, just as this earth is one island in archipelagoes of stars.

My first friend was the sea. Now, is my last.

I stop talking now. I work, then I read, cotching under a lantern hooked to the mast.

I try to forget what happiness was, and when that don't work, I study the stars.

Sometimes is just me, and the soft-scissored foam as the deck turn white and the moon open a cloud like a door, and the light over me is a road in white moonlight taking me home.

Shabine sang to you from the depths of the sea.

Derek Walcott

Not I With This Torn Shirt They call here, -Magnificent Province!

Province of Mud! Province of flood!

Who are the magnificent here?

Not I with this torn shirt but they, in their white mansions by the trench of blood!

I tell you this is no magnificent province no El Dorado for me no streets paved with gold but a bruising and battering for self preservation in the white dust and grey mud.

I tell you and I tell no secret now is the long past time for worship long past time for kneeling with clasped hands at altars of poverty How are the mighty slain? by this hammer of my hand! by this anger in my life! by this new science of men alive everywhere in this province! thus - are the mighty slain!

Martin Carter

Send your creative writing to sundaymagazine@guyanatimesgy.com

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine19

Fun Times

20 Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Tech

Apple expected to unveil new iPads at 16 October press event A

pple will hold its next product launch event on 16 October, the company has confirmed in an invitation sent out to journalists.

New iPad models are expected to be the focus for the event.

The invitation features a close-up of the top of the Apple logo, like the recent iPhone 6 event invite, except this time it is in colour and has the tag line “it’s been way too long”.

The event will be held in the the Town Hall auditorium at Apple’s headquarters in Cupertino, California: a smaller venue than the the Flint Center that housed September’s launch of new iPhones and Apple’s first smartwatch.

The event will run from 6pm UK time, with European journalists invited to a simulcast of the launch in Apple’s

Tech news

A

Kurfürstendamm store in Berlin.

Apple is expected to unveil new iPads that include Touch ID fingerprint sensors, which were first introduced on the iPhone 5S in September 2013.

The Touch ID sensor is the

W

el, while some rumours have suggested that Apple’s laptop lines, the MacBook Air and MacBook Pro, could see new models.

Apple’s Autumn press events have traditionally included a musical element, although the company’s controversial giveaway of U2’s

new album at its last event in September may have bucked that trend.

However, the company could use the 16 October event to announce more launches beyond the US of its streaming music service, Beats Music, which it acquired earlier in 2014. (The Guardian)

Apple's designer accuses copycats of theft

pple's lead designer Sir Jonathan "Jony" Ive has hit out at companies he believes copy his firm's products.

Speaking at an event hosted by Vanity Fair, the 47-year-old said: "I don't see it as flattery, I see it as theft."

He was responding to a question from the audience about Chinese tech maker Xiaomi, but was referring to Apple's competition in general.

Xiaomi has been accused of copying before, but the company has said the suggestion was "sensationalist".

Hugo Barra, who was poached by Xiaomi from Google, said the Chinese firm was "an incredibly innovative company".

But the company has come under fire from people who believed its designs appeared similar to Apple's iPhones and iPads.

Sir Jonathan, who was born in Chingford, London, was at the San Francisco event to discuss his career.

But when asked about his feelings towards copycat manufacturers, he said: "I

Tech Byte

cornerstone of Apple’s new mobile payments solution, Apple Pay, and will likely be used to authenticate online payments.

Rumours have long suggested that the next iPad will be available in a “Pro” ver-

sion with a larger screen. The current iPad Air has a 9.7in screen, while the iPad mini with Retina Display has a 7.9in screen.

The larger iPad may be aimed at business users, as well as people who create content on the tablet – designers, for example – rather than simply consuming media and browsing the web.

The “it’s been way too long” tagline may hint at one of Apple’s other product lines getting an update. The iPod touch, for example, or a new iMac computer. Apple is also likely to use the event to announce the launch date for its Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite software, which was unveiled at its WWDC event in June.

The Mac Mini, which was last replaced in October 2012, could also see a new mod-

Tech News Focus

have to be honest the last thing I think is, 'Oh, that is flattering.'

"All those weekends I could've been

home with my family - I think it's theft and lazy. I don't think it's OK at all."

However, some argue that Apple itself

is not immune from picking up design and hardware inspiration from its competitors.

"Every Apple product is an evolution of a product that has come before it," said Chris Green, principal technology analyst at Davis Murphy Group.

"They are rarely the first to come to market with a product.

"They sit back and see what mistakes happen. That's what they did with the iPod - they let others steam in with early mp3 players and make a mess of them."

But Mr Green said he felt the Apple designer's comments were a sign that Apple wanted to be seen as vigorously defending its work.

"When it comes to defending intellectual property based around software and appearance, it's very hard to defend that in court and to argue your position over that - rather than something that is more physical like a chip.

"They have to be seen to be defending their position." (BBC)

Turn your smartphone into a cosmic-ray detector

ant to study high-energy particles streaming through the cosmos at nearly the speed of light? There's an app for that.

It's called the Distributed Electronic Cosmic-Ray Observatory (DECO), and unlike the huge, multimillion-dollar particle detectors housed in labs, DECO allows smartphone owners to turn their phone into a pocket-size cosmic-ray particle detector by downloading two apps and sticking a piece of duct tape over the camera lens to block out light particles.

"The apps basically transform the phone into a high-energy particle detector," Justin Vandenbroucke, a physics professor at the University of WisconsinMadison and creator of the apps, said in a statement. "It uses the same principles as these very

Tech news

large experiments."

Cosmic rays are still a mystery to astrophysicists. There's a huge number of them flying through the cosmos and astronomers think they come from powerful forces like black holes and exploding su-

pernovas.

Waves of cosmic rays are constantly breaking against the Earth's atmosphere. When cosmic rays rain down on the planet, they release a flood of high-energy particles. Most of the particles

are protons, but they also contain a cocktail of other particles, including electrons and heavy atomic nuclei, which are the dense centers of atoms consisting of protons and neutrons. Some scientists think these particles could reveal more about the mysterious dark matter that is thought to make up around 27 percent of the universe.

One type of particle found in cosmic rays is the muon. DECO can detect muons by taking advantage of the silicon chips embedded in smartphone cameras.

Digital cameras produce images by recording the light particles that hit them, but when muon particles hit silicon in a camera, they give off an electric signal. This signal shows up as a pixel signature.

DECO is designed to snap a picture every few seconds and scan for any particle pixel signatures. If pixel signatures are detected, then

the app saves the photo and logs the image.

Muons are weakly interacting particles. They can pass through most materials like ceilings and walls, so a smartphone running the DECO app could capture particle information from anywhere.

During his tests, Vandenbroucke ran the app during long-distance flights, since muons are easier to detect at high altitudes.

Smartphone apps cannot replace the sensitivity and precision of larger, more sophisticated particle detectors. Instead, DECO is geared more toward education and citizen science, Vandenbroucke said.

Right now the apps are available for only Android phones, and users need to download both the data logger app and the DECO app to start collecting cosmic ray particles. (Discovery News)

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 21

Times Art

T

he Guyana Women Artists’ Association (GWAA) is currently holding its 26th Annual Exhibition at Castellani House, Vlissengen Road.

According to curator Elfrieda Bissember, GWAA “continues to be a supporting network for its members in a contemporary world where both continuity and change present challenges”. Bissember added, “The members of GWAA have thus been determined to mark their presence every year, prepared to submit to a process of self-assessment as well as of public interaction, and further a means of charting their progress from their inception, some 26 years ago at their first, major retrospective of women’s art in 1998. Thirteen artists exhibit on the occasion of their 26th

anniversary: reflecting a range of practical, theoretical and academic training and skills.”

The 13 artists exhibiting are: Tara Bentinck, Myrna Bernard, Anna CorreiaBevaun, Merleen Martin Forde, Carol Fraser, Jennifer Gibson, Sheena Henry, Lori Ann Jacobs, Collette Jones- Chin (guest artist), Nyota Killikelly, Akima McPherson, Beverly Reynolds, and Aiesha Scottland.

The art exhibition opened on 8 October 'In Tandem I' (2006) by Akima McPherson and will continue until 25 October 2014 at Castellani House on Vlissengen Road, Georgetown.

Admission is free. Gallery hours are 10am to 5pm on Mondays-Friday and 2pm to 6pm on Saturdays; the gallery is closed Sundays and holidays.

'Recycle Bag I' (2014)

by Carol Fraser

Leather Couch 2014

by Carol Fraser

'Rooted Reflection' (2014)

by Collette Jones-Chin

'Leaf Triptych' (2014)

by Myrna Bernard

An evening of QC music

O

'Reaching Out' (2014), a collage wall hanging by Jennifer Gibson

n 31 October 2014, the Theatre Guild will be the venue for GratemurScholae, an evening celebrating the creativity of Queen’s College (QC) alumni, especially the music they composed over the past 170 years.

GratemurScholae will feature performances by current QC students, alumni, and friends of Queen’s College. The show is produced by QC alumni Basil Bradshaw, Dr Paloma Mohamed, and Ron Robinson, along with QC faculty members, Radiante Frank, Gem Rohlehr, and Leon McDonald.

Attendees will receive the souvenir programme Laude, which can also be purchased separately. Laude contains a brief history of Queen’s College and includes reminiscences of notable alumni.

The proceeds from the sale of Laude and tickets to GratemurScholae will go towards creating a centre of excellence for the performing arts at Queen’s College.

The centre of excellence, which is slated for completion in 2019 on QC’s 175th anniversary, will support students preparing for CSEC and CAPE examinations in the performing arts. It will also be a hub for the creative arts in the community.

For further information, contact Eden Gajraj, ICQC Fundraising Coordinator ICQC (gagee28@gmail.com); or Alfred Granger, Executive Secretary ICQC (qchorse@gmail.com)

22 Times Sunday Magazine

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Heritage

Malteenoes Sports Club -Developing sports in Guyana for over 112 years

T

he Malteenoes Sports Club was founded in the year 1902. Its first president, Ferdinand Christopher Archer was a master tailor who was born in Barbados but migrated to British Guiana as an infant.

At age 18, he recognised the dire need for an alternative organisation to serve the recreational and social interests of working class people who could not gain membership at the exclusive Georgetown Cricket Club or afford membership at the British Guiana Sports Club.

Malteenoes was initially located at Eve Leary on Camp Street, Georgetown, where the police commissioner’s residence now stands. With the militarisation of Eve Leary during the Second World War, the

ground was absorbed into the military zone, and the club relocated to its present location, with freehold ownership of its land.

The sports club fulfilled its intended role during those formative years by providing young men and women the opportunity to participate in outdoor activities such as football, cricket and field hockey and indoor activities such as badminton, table tennis, and dominoes.

Outstanding Malteenoes club members in sports include Charlie Jones, John Trim, Glendon Gibbs, Rex Collymore, Barrington Browne, Clayton Lambert, Kenneth Wong, Colin Stuart, Pat Legall, George Green, Pat Britton, Dennis France, W G Griffith, Crawley

Hunte, Rita Braithwaite, and Iris Straker. Those who were outstanding in sports administration include Joseph ‘Pirate’ Alexander, Rudolph Harper, Rex Mc Kay, Claude Raphael and Edward Richmond.

Charlie Jones was the first Malteenoes player to represent British Guiana or the West Indies. In his era, and for decades afterwards, it was extremely difficult for Malteenoes players to gain selection on the Guyana team because of selectors who were influenced by colour, class and race.

This may explain why later Willie Woolford, a fast bowler who could swing the ball late in both directions and was very successful in club cricket, was never selected for Guyana.

Malteenoes Sports Club Under-19 cricket team youth champions who won the Youth Week, Month of Sports, Robert Williams and Clifford Reece trophies in 1986

Jones' outstanding success in club cricket enabled him to penetrate the formidable walls of prejudice and to gain selection for British Guiana for the first time in 1925 in a game against Barbados at Bourda, where his team secured a rare victory over its arch rivals by eight wickets.

Since the 1980s Malteenoes has been playing a leading role in the de-

velopment of youth cricket.

The club started a youth programme in 1984, which has produced a steady stream of competitive young cricketers. The programme was formalised into the Malteenoes Cricket Academy in July 1993.

Malteenoes has been very influential both on and

off field in the development of sports in Guyana, especially cricket. Despite many challenges the club remains firmly committed to this objective, which it considers to be an important means of educating young people and channelling their energies into meaningful activity. (www.guyana-cricket.com)

Club house and pavillion of the Malteenoes Sports Club in Thomas Lands

Preserving our heritage through pictures North Street showing St George's Cathedral (n.d.)

Brain Teaser Answer The base word is startling: starting - staring - string - sting - sing - sin - in - I starling - staring - string - sting - sing - sin - in - I

SUDOKU

Stabroek Market, British Guiana

KID SUDOKU

CROSSWORD

guyanatimesgy.com

October 12, 2014

Times Sunday Magazine 23

Times Travel & Tourism

Cascading beauty of Amatuk Falls

Cascading beauty

T

he sounds and scenes at Amatuk Falls testify to Guyana’s rich biodiversity and unspoiled beauty. Amatuk Falls is a waterfall that rushes over rocks on the Potaro River in the Potaro-Siparuni region.

The 170 ft drop Amatuk Falls can be found just a few yards away from Amatuk, an island of white sand on the river. The Amatuk Falls lies below Kaiteur Falls, dwarfed by its bigger neighbour but offers a picturesque view and remains virtually unspoiled.

East of the falls

Amatuk Falls on the Potaro River

Flowers blooming just below the falls

Water gushing from Amatuk Falls into the Potaro

24

Times Sunday Magazine

October 12, 2014

guyanatimesgy.com

Times Last Laugh

By Melvin Durai

I

don’t mean to alarm you, but there’s a lot of faking going on.

Everyone’s involved in some form of faking, and if you don’t believe me, just visit your local high school.

You’ll see fake hair, fake eyelashes, fake nails and fake breasts – and that’s just in the teachers’ lounge.

The latest form of faking is called communifaking – pretending to have a conversation on your cell phone.

It’s a good way for women to protect themselves when they’re alone. If you happen to be on the train with a couple of thugs, just take out your cell phone and say, “Hi honey, I’m running a little late. I spent a few extra minutes practicing kicks at karate class.”

Many people communifake to avoid talking to someone, perhaps an exgirlfriend who just happens to be walking toward them. “Hi honey, just wanted to tell you that Barack and Michelle are coming over for dinner. Yes, we’ll have cocktails on the yacht.

Tell Nigel to get the Bentley ready.”

Some men even communifake to impress women.

One day they’re dorks with no life, the next day women are drooling over them.

Anita: “Do you see that guy? He’s really popular.”

Maria: “He looks a little like your ex-husband.”

Anita: “Yeah, but this

guy never gets off the phone. My ex-husband never gets off the couch.”

Maria: “He must be rich and successful. Look at the phone he’s using!”

Anita: “I’d love to have his number!”

Maria: “I’d love to have his children!”

Impressing others is, of course, one of the main reasons for faking, whether you’re wearing fake jewellery, displaying a fake diploma, or chatting on a fake Smartphone. Fake hair can transform a man’s life instantly. That’s why I’m thinking of getting a toupee. Women will stop thinking of me as “the guy with the bald spot,” but instead think of me as “the guy with the bad toupee.”

Fake hair may not be

a huge improvement, but fake teeth usually are, as long as your dentist didn’t graduate from a fake university. You know, the ones that hand out fake degrees, but get really mad when you pay them with fake money.

Take it from me, the best fake teeth are the ones that are specially fitted for your mouth, not the ones that come in a box that says, “One size fits all.” If your dentist has to hammer them in, it’s time to get yourself a new dentist – and preferably not one who’s approved by the FDA (Fake Dentists Association).

Fake teeth can help you get a date, but so can fake accents, especially if they’re French or Irish or even Jamaican. An Indian accent may not get you a date, but it might get you a job at Microsoft. Just don’t show them a fake degree or you might soon be standing before a judge, trying to produce fake tears.

Trust me, it isn’t easy to produce fake tears, even when your wife decides that the cooking show is more exciting than the football game. Fake laughter is much easier – and more essential to everyday life.

It comes in handy at most workplaces, whenever the boss tells a joke.

Fake laughter, of course, is much better than the faking that goes on in the bedroom. This is particularly troublesome to men. We don’t mind a certain amount of faking, but do you know what we absolutely hate?

Fake headaches.

Fix it yourself

When a guy's printer type began to grow faint, he called a local repair shop where a friendly man informed him that the printer probably needed only to be cleaned.

Because the store charged $50 for such cleanings, he told him he might be better off reading the printer's manual and trying the job himself.

Pleasantly surprised by his candour, he asked, "Does your boss know that you discourage business?"

"Actually, it's my boss's idea," the employee replied sheepishly, "We usually make more money on repairs if we let people try to fix things themselves first."

Farmer Joe

Farmer Joe decided his injuries from the accident were serious enough to take the trucking company (responsible for the accident) to court. In court, the trucking company's fancy lawyer was questioning farmer Joe. "Didn't you say, at the scene of the accident, ‘I'm fine’?" questioned the lawyer.

Farmer Joe responded, "Well I'll tell you what happened. I had just loaded my favourite mule Bessie into the..."

"I didn't ask for any details," the lawyer interrupted, "just answer the question. Did you not say, at the scene of the accident, “‘I’m fine!’?”

Farmer Joe said, "Well I had just got Bessie into the trailer and I was driving down the road..."

The lawyer interrupted again and said, "Judge, I am trying to establish the fact that, at the scene of the accident, this man told the highway patrolman on the scene that he was just fine. Now several weeks after the accident he is trying to sue my client. I believe he is a fraud. Please tell him to simply answer the question."

By this time the judge was fairly interested in farmer Joe's answer and said to the lawyer, "I'd like to hear what he has to say about his favourite mule Bessie."

Joe thanked the judge and proceeded, "Well as I was saying, I had just loaded Bessie, my favourite mule, into the trailer and was driving her down the highway when this huge semi-truck and trailer ran the stop sign and smacked my truck right in the side. I was thrown into one ditch and Bessie was thrown into the other. I was hurting real bad and didn't want to move. However, I could hear ole Bessie moaning and groaning. I knew she was in terrible shape just by her groans.

Shortly after the accident a highway patrolman came on the scene. He could hear Bessie moaning and groaning so he went over to her. After he looked at her he took out his gun and shot her between the eyes.

Then the patrolman came across the road with his gun in his hand and looked at me. He said, “Your mule was in such bad shape I had to shoot her. How are you feeling?”

The atheist and the shark

Pratts Bottom is a small village in Kent, UK. 'Pratt' coming from the Latin word Pratum meaning meadow

There is this atheist swimming in the ocean. All of the sudden he sees this shark in the water, so he starts swimming towards his boat.

As he looks back he sees the shark turn and head towards him. His boat is a ways off and he starts swimming like crazy. He's scared to death, and as he turns to see the jaws of the great white beast open revealing

its teeth in a horrific splendour, the atheist screams, "Oh God! Save me!"

In an instant time is frozen and a bright light shines down from above. The man is motionless in the water when he hears the voice of God say, "You are an atheist. Why do you call upon me when you do not believe in me?"

Aghast with confusion and knowing he can't lie the man replies, "Well, that's true I don't believe in you, but how about the shark? Can you make the shark believe in you?"

The Lord replies, "As you wish," and the light retracted back into the heavens and the man could feel the water begin to move once again.

As the atheist looks back he can see the jaws of the shark start to close down on him, when all of sudden the shark stops and pulls back.

Shocked, the man looks at the shark as the huge beast closes its eyes and bows its head and says, "Thank you Lord for this food for which I am about to receive..."

Two priests on a motorcycle

Two priests were riding very fast on a motorcycle. They were promptly stopped by a policeman who said, “What do you think you are doing? What if you have an accident?”

The priests say, “Don't worry, my son.

Jesus is with us.”

The policeman says, “In that case, I have to book you. Three people are not allowed to ride on a motorcycle.”

A witness to an automobile accident

A witness to an automobile accident was testifying. The following exchange took place between the lawyer and the witness: The lawyer: “Did you actually see the accident?”

The witness: “Yes, sir.”

The lawyer: “How far away were you when the accident happened?”

The witness: “Thirty-one feet, six and one quarter inches.”

The lawyer (thinking he'd trap the witness): “Well, sir, will you tell the jury how you knew it was exactly that distance?”

The witness: “Because when the accident happened I took out a tape and measured it.

I knew some stupid lawyer would ask me that question.”

A driving school test

The following are a sampling of real answers received on driving exams: Q: When driving through fog, what should you use?

A: Your car.

Q: What are some points to remember when passing or being passed?

A: Make eye contact and wave "hello" if she is cute.

Clever news reporter

A car was involved in an accident in a street. As expected a large crowd gathered. A newspaper reporter, anxious to get his story could not get near the car.

Being a clever sort, he started shouting loudly, "Let me through! Let me through! I am the son of the victim."

The crowd made way for him.

Lying in front of the car was a donkey.

Want to contribute to the Sunday Times magazine? Email us for possible publication at sundaymagazine@guyanatimesgy.com.

Please include legal name(s), address and a brief synopsis of your article with attached word document.