Professional Electrician & Installer December 2021 by Hamerville Media Group

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TO EE FR DE RA ET TH

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

& INSTALLER DECEMBER 2021

TOP PRODUCTS 2021 CROWNING THIS YEAR’S INNOVATORS

PHONE A FRIEND WE GO BEHIND THE SCENES WITH NICEIC & ELECSA’S TECHNICAL TEAM

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: CHRISTMAS PRIZE DRAWS ● CAUGHT ON CAMERA ● TECHNICAL INSIGHTS AND MORE

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Total Average Net Distribution: 68,683 Certification period 1 January 2020 - 31 December 2020

December 2021 Volume 37 No.11

Regulars 7

VIEWPOINT

NEWS

28 CODEBREAKERS 43 THE DRIVE TO NET ZERO NEW 50 MADE 2 MEASURE 53 THE TRAINING GROUND 54 DR. ZZEUS 72 PRODUCTS IN PRACTICE 79 CAPTAIN C-TEC 80 CAUGHT ON CAMERA

News & Views 20 Why the renewables revolution needs to start now! 24 What value is there in employing a T-Level apprentice?

Why the renewables revolution needs to start today

Special Report

Products & Business Solutions

27 We spend some time with the NICEIC & ELECSA Technical Helpline team

59 Why smart installations will require licensed electricians in the future

Top Products 2021

60 Tool storage and safety equipment: which solution is best for you?

33 Crowning this year’s award-winning products, tools and equipment

62 Learning more about how Bosch’s range of tools have coped in the most extreme of environments

Technical & Training

65 What is Arc Flash and how can you protect yourself from its effects?

40 Thermal imaging and industrial maintenance best practice advice 44 The requirements for protection against overload current 47 How are the Wiring Regulations devised and decided upon? 51 Why are swimming pools classed as special locations? 55 A look at the evolution of the consumer unit

68 Manrose offers some top tips to help you achieve a 5-star fan installation review 71

Arc Flash: how to protect yourself

Christmas Prize Draws

We put the questions to the inventor of a new Roofing Bolt Driver

22 WIN! Get your hands on the ultimate festive C.K Tools bundle

74 Rounding-up the latest products, tools and equipment to help you in your work

30 WIN! Loads of awesome Xmas prizes to be bagged 61 WIN! An IDEAL Industries tool bag could be yours

PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 3

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Meet the team Editor RICHARD BOWLER email: pe@hamerville.co.uk Editorial Assistant PATRICK SWAN email: pswan@hamerville.co.uk Digital Manager REBECCA MCGEOCH email: rmcgeoch@hamerville.co.uk Advertisement Manager ANTHONY SCOTT email: ascott@hamerville.co.uk Assistant Advertisement Manager IAN TURNER Design ADEEL QADRI Production Assistant KERRI SMITH Group Production Manager CAROL PADGETT Distribution Manager KARL CLARK Managing Editor TERRY SMITH Printed by: WALSTEAD PETERBOROUGH Published by: HAMERVILLE MEDIA GROUP Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF Tel: 01923 237799 Fax: 01923 246901 Email: pe@hamerville.co.uk PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN is the business journal for the electrical contracting industry. It is available to the trade at leading electrical wholesalers throughout the UK. © 2021

Subscriptions to PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN are available. Please contact us for rates.

Image References (Adobe Stock): Pg 20 Green future © U2MBrand Pg 20 COP26 © Ricochet64 Pg 24 Passing advice © Pitiphat Pg 27 Answering phone © Gajus Pg 29 Phone call © SistersPro Pg 36 Online © PhotoByPhotoBoy Pg 47 Pulling curtain © Razihusin Pg 48 Committee meeting © ThatInChan Pg 51 Swimming pool © Nara 777_7 Pg 68 Customer review © Monster Ztudio

pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

Editor’s Viewpoint

Spread some cheer to those in fear this year When we consider the roller-coaster of a year that has just passed, is it any wonder that mental health experts are clamouring to remind us all of the help and support that is available at this time of year? As we enter the end of a second year that has been affected and disrupted by the Covid pandemic, it's fair to say that there is more optimism than this time last year when we were thrown back into lockdown overnight and faced the prospect of limited or no contact with loved ones and friends at Christmas. All being well, many will be back around the table with their families this year and enjoying the opportunity to catch up on the time that has been lost. Although the efficient vaccine roll-out has likely ensured we'll not see another lockdown any time soon, and will provide us with the chance to be around those we cherish the most later this month, it should be remembered that for a growing number of those employed in construction this time of year is often shrouded in darkness and bleak thoughts from which there appears no respite or escape. Money worries, family issues, feelings of isolation and loneliness, all likely to be exacerbated by the restrictions that have been placed on our country, are all reasons why organisations like the Samaritans receive by far and away their highest number of calls and cries for help during this period. Tragically, around 4,500 people take their own lives in England, and suicide is now firmly established as the leading cause of death for men under the age of 42. Right now, one in six workers in the UK is suffering from the effects of debilitating depression, anxiety or stress, but such is the stigma attached to this illness, rather than actively seeking help, some in desperation are choosing instead to take their own lives. Within our own sector, the Electrical Industries Charity (EIC) has done a tremendous job at raising awareness and offering support,

while many selfless electrical professionals continue to fund-raise and offer a supportive ear to those who most need it. Clearly it's been another difficult year for everyone, but this period has also helped many to reflect upon the things in their lives that are most valuable – namely family, friends and loved ones. For those that aren't fortunate enough to have such pillars of stability available to them in what is likely to be a very testing time, please keep an eye out for them and make sure they seek help if you suspect they're suffering.

“SUCH IS THE STIGMA ATTACHED TO THIS ILLNESS, RATHER THAN ACTIVELY SEEKING HELP, SOME IN DESPERATION ARE CHOOSING INSTEAD TO TAKE THEIR OWN LIVES.” Interestingly, some of our industry's leading organisations have also been able to lend a supportive ear to those in need this year, as we report on our visit to meet the NICEIC and ELECSA’s technical team and learn more about the types of calls that the team has been taking on a daily basis (starts on page 27). We've also got some fantastic Christmas prizes and goodies to be won in this issue, and we take the time to crown the annual winners of PE's Top Product awards (starts on page 33). Enjoy the issue, have a decent Christmas and New Year and we’ll see you all in 2022!

Richard B owler PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 7

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For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

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pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

New guidance set to improve HRB management

The Electrical Safety Roundtable has presented its new guidance on How to Manage Electrical Systems in Higher-risk Buildings to a wide range of industry stakeholders. The online event saw over 50 organisations join the ESR in sharing their 106-page document with speakers Martin Simmonds, Chair of the Electrical Safety Roundtable Social Housing sub-group and Jon Vanstone, Chair of the Interim Industry Competence Committee. Higher-risk Buildings (HRBs) present a unique challenge when considering the correct, or best way to manage electrical Compliance and Risk. This is due to the nature of the asset as it houses multiple tenancies and multiple areas of risk which need to be independently managed. The Guidance has been created to generate consistency within the industry

and provide a user-friendly overview for those who may not be experts on the subject of electrical safety management and compliance within HRBs. It will present an opportunity for organisations to look critically at their current electrical safety management policy and see what more could be done and help those new to the industry, or those coming into new roles. Commenting on the Guidance and Launch Event Peter Baker, Chief Inspector of Buildings at Health and Safety Executive said: “Making high-rise buildings safer for residents is about understanding what can go wrong, how it can lead to a fire or structural problem, and what needs to be in place to prevent a serious

incident and reduce its impact on people. “Measures include having electrical and other building systems properly designed, installed, and maintained by competent people, and making sure safety systems work when you need them. “The ESR guide is a welcome example of how industry has taken the initiative and is sharing the knowledge, experience and expertise of a number of organisations to help those responsible for the safety of high-rise buildings manage electrical safety risks and prepare for when the building safety reforms become law.” DOWNLOAD THE FULL GUIDANCE DOCUMENT AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB001

TESP clamps down on ‘Rogue Trainers’ The risks associated with unscrupulous training providers are being highlighted in a new campaign from The Electrotechnical Skills Partnership (TESP). Aimed at individuals outside of the industry looking to become a qualified electrician, TESP hopes to help people avoid training providers who don’t deliver on their promises, presenting a range of courses which look impressive to the untrained eye, but on proper inspection don’t lead to qualified status. With thousands of searches each year on terms such as ‘electrical courses’ and ‘how to become an electrician’, many people are at risk of taking the wrong training path if they’re not aware of the correct routes to follow. In addition to the animated video, TESP has produced online advice with top tips for choosing a training provider, along with red flags to look out for when researching a provider’s claims. Visitors are directed to TESP’s industry approved Training Routes to read more on the right paths to becoming qualified. “There are still too many reports of people spending thousands of pounds with companies who wilfully misrepresent

where their training leads,” said Ruth Devine, TESP Chair and Managing Director of SJD Electrical. “We hope that the whole electrotechnical industry gets behind us – including the reputable training providers who are doing the right thing – to help raise awareness of this campaign to the general public who may fall foul of rogue trainers when looking to become an electrician.” WATCH THE VIDEO AND GET MORE CAMPAIGN DETAILS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB002 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 11

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For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

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pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

Leading electrotechnical businesses scoop top industry awards

16 electrotechnical and engineering services organisations and individuals were recognised at the recent 2020/21 ECA Industry Awards. After an almost two-year hiatus, the 2020/21 Awards highlighted some of the key achievements by leading talent in the sector, providing a great opportunity for contractors and others across the electrotechnical and engineering services industry to showcase their exceptional work. Guests on the night were treated to a range of entertainment, including live music, table magic and more. Thousands of pounds were raised for the Electrical Industries Charity during a prize draw. TV and radio personalities Steph McGovern and Alan Dedicoat (the voice of the National Lottery!) hosted the proceedings and presented awards to the winning ECA organisations and individuals. In all, 16 top-performing businesses and individuals from across the industry scooped honours at the awards. These

Pick up a free Costa

included awards for Contractor of the Year, Best Fire and Security Project, and the Excellence in Training and Development Award. Long-time industry advocate and major player in the ﬁght for fairer payment practices in the construction industry, Rudi Klein, deservedly won the Major Contribution to the Industry Award. ECA Director of Member Services, Helen Atkinson, said: “Many congratulations to this year’s deserving winners, and also to the highly commended nominees who all submitted impressive entries.” “We’d like to encourage ECA Members who are working on impressive and innovative projects this year and next, or who are delivering new health and safety or training and development initiatives, to enter the next awards, which will be held in June 2023.”

Schneider Electric is offering the chance for electricians in the UK and Ireland to get a £5.00 gift card to spend at Costa Coffee on any food or beverage of their choice. Products available to distributors as part of the promotion include consumer units, wiring accessories, fuse gears and cable management solutions. For every £1,000 of promotional product ordered on mySE, a distributor will receive 20 Costa gift cards to be passed on to customers. Customers spending £50.00 or more on Schneider Electric products from a participating distributor will be able to claim their gift card which is valid in over 1,000 Costa locations for one year. The offer runs until 10th December with no restriction on the number of promotional orders that can be placed within this timeframe.

GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT ENTERING THE ECA AWARDS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB003

Certsure appoints new Managing Director Gary Anderson, the Independent Chair of Certsure, has announced that Richard Orton will be joining the organisation from January 2022 as the new Managing Director. Speaking about the appointment, Gary Anderson said: “Richard brings with him 20 years of leadership experience gained in the retail, distribution and third

sectors. His experience of ensuring that strategic goals and commercial activities align to offer practical solutions will be invaluable to Certsure and our 36,000 customers.” Richard Orton added:“I'm delighted to be joining Certsure at such an exciting time. I look forward to immersing myself in the building services sector and

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meeting with customers, colleagues and stakeholders so I can learn more about the opportunities and challenges that the industry faces. “Certsure is focused on technical integrity and delivering great customer service and I look forward to leading an organisation that has these key drivers at its heart.”

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For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

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pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

Martindale launches campaign to encourage safe working around electricity Over 16 years since the tragic death of 26-year-old electrician, Michael Adamson, there sadly remain unacceptable levels of accidents and fatalities related to electrical working. Michael was an experienced electrician who lost his life in a preventable electrical incident in 2005 when called to a job to help get the gym within a large sports shop up and running. Cutting a cable marked “NOT IN USE” which was, in fact, wired into a distribution board and not safely isolated, Michael suffered a fatal electric shock, robbing him of his future. Various safe isolation approaches In an effort to prevent such fatalities, various approaches to electrical safety and safe isolation have been developed over the years, including a comprehensive guide created by the Electrical Safety Roundtable which proposes that the all-important lock-off kit should be included in the essential PPE list for electrical workers. Now, in an ongoing bid to safeguard

workplaces – and protect the lives of anyone working on or near an electrical installation – Martindale has created a new, simpliﬁed version of its more extensive and detailed process in the hope that its memorable acronym – “ALIVE” – will help to prevent injuries and save lives. Steve Dunning, Managing Director at Martindale, explains: “We need to acknowledge that, in terms of the safety of individuals, there is a difference between the activities that should take place prior to working, such as gaining permission and permits, for example, compared to the activities that are totally critical in terms of preventing accidents and fatalities. “For instance, a risk assessment is a critical element of any job, but it is not core to safe isolation in terms of staying alive. The same is true for activities that take place after working on an electrical system, such as safe re-testing and start-up.” He adds: “We and the Electrical Safety Roundtable have both deﬁned clear and

comprehensive 12 step procedures that are well-documented but lives are still being lost – totally needlessly. “In creating this “ALIVE” message, we are distinguishing between good working practice (such as our complete 12 step approach and the Electrical Safety Roundtable’s guidelines) and shining a spotlight on the ﬁve vital steps that absolutely must be carried out for your own protection and to prevent loss of life.” All Martindale electrical testing products will now be sold with a hard copy of the memorable “ALIVE” message to ensure that it is shared as widely as possible and that the handy card remains accessible at all times to anyone working on or near electricity.

ALIVE: 5 fail-proof steps to safe isolation A - Approved Kit Before starting, make sure your equipment meets all legal safety standards (BS EN61243-3). L - Lock Out Identify the point of isolation – lock it off – and place warning tags onto the equipment. I - Initial Prove Test your Voltage Indicator against the proving unit to make sure that it’s working properly. V - Voltage Test Use your Voltage Indicator to conﬁrm that there are no dangerous voltages in the circuit you are about to work on. E - Ensure Prove and re-test the Voltage Indicator against the proving unit to ensure it is working, before you start working on the circuit. ACCESS A DOWNLOADABLE SELECTION OF ALIVE RESOURCES AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB004

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For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

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pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

Schneider supports college workshop kit-out

Schneider Electric has leant its support to Waltham Forest College’s electrical workshop. The ﬁrst of its kind, the workshop assists the education of the next generation of electricians and apprentices from across the country with a unique hands-on training experience. Schneider donated over £1,000 worth of electrical equipment, including Acti9 distribution boards, PowerTag energy sensors, and metering equipment. The support and donation aimed to provide students with the latest electrical products, skills and knowledge to drive the UK electrical industry forward. 270 electricians at Waltham Forest College had access to this one-of-a-kind workshop. To further facilitate the development of the UK electrical industry, the day was also open to anyone hoping to

complete electrical training units. “We are enormously grateful for the support and generous donation from Schneider Electric. It had a huge impact on the electricians here at Waltham Forest College and more widely the UK electrical industry,” said Craig Buist, at Waltham Forest College. “This workshop provided invaluable support for the next generation of electricians and it will hopefully kickstart more events like this across the UK. “Students need access to the equipment to meet the demands of the industry, and this donation and event gave them the opportunity to work with products we could simply never afford. “It is critical we invest in the industry right now and provide the latest equipment as the country goes through a period of great change with decarbonisation.”

Luceco raises its Proﬁle

The latest Profile catalogue from Luceco is available now. The new 344 page catalogue features all of Luceco’s new product offering with really insightful product information, all organised into easy-to-navigate colour coded sections, within a brand new design theme. Highlights of the 2021-22 Proﬁle catalogue include: FType Compact premium LED downlights, launched earlier this year; Castra adjustable LED security ﬂoodlight range; LED Smart lighting range powered by the BG Home App; extended commercial and industrial lighting categories, with new ranges; and new and modern external domestic wall and garden spike lighting range VIEW OR DOWNLOAD THE CATALOGUE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB005

Contractor completes complex revamp An electrical services contractor has completed a challenging project on the historic site of a West Midlands land-based college while ensuring all studies and events could continue safely throughout. Greater Manchester-based Ash Integrated Services spent 12 weeks working on Moreton Morrell College near Warwick, a land-based college located on the estate of an Edwardian manor. The company completed a full rewire and installed new lighting and electrical points for the college’s classrooms, labs and veterinary facilities, all while maintaining supplies to key systems such as I.T, telecoms, alarms and the site's

freezers for storing horses for study. This meant students who required distance learning were able to continue to do so uninterrupted, while those in attendance could have full use of the site as they needed, including for the college’s summer events. Antony Grace, Company Director at Ash Integrated Services, said: “Our ﬁrst hurdle was a complete change of the design just two weeks before we were due on-site. “A survey discovered bats in the roof, where we were originally going to run all services. As this was a time-sensitive project due to the school holidays, we had to react quickly to agree a new way

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of working as well as secure new materials and supplies in time for the original start date. “We were able to complete every aspect to a satisfyingly high standard without bringing signiﬁcant disruption, with just one and a half day’s shutdown in total, which we were able to schedule for weekends.”

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COMMENT

We have the skills at our fingertips, but we need those in power to start the renewables revolution NOW. So says Alan Wilson, Managing Director at SELECT.

“THE REVOLUTION MUST START NOW”

he recent UN Climate Change Conference – AKA COP26 – highlighted further that delivering effective solutions to the growing environmental crisis has never been more important. Leaders met in Glasgow in early November to discuss how to hit climate targets, including securing net zero by mid-century and keeping global warming to below 1.5˚C.

Leaders need courage There is no doubt that the electrical industry is committed to help in this ﬁght against global catastrophe and we have the skills and innovation at our ﬁngertips – but leaders must have the courage to make the green revolution a reality. Without the vision to look ahead and recognise that we need these solutions NOW, nothing will change and we will

“The industry needs to know its clear direction of travel and to be given bite-sized chunks of information to help it stay on course.”

plunge our planet even further into crisis, endangering our environment and populations for generations to come. To achieve the demanding net zero reductions they aspire to, it is therefore vital for leaders at the summit to prove that they understand what it takes to turn their vision into a practical reality. Making our voices heard Tackling the climate crisis before it is too late means cooperating and collaborating like never before to ﬁnd real and practical solutions to reducing carbon impacts across the world. Climate change is no respecter of boundaries and will affect us all if we don’t act immediately, and those who work across the built environment are ready to play a massive part if they are given the right tools to do so. Climate change isn’t something that’s going to happen in 10 or 20 years’ time – it’s

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real, it’s happening today and we don’t have a second to spare if we’re to stop it getting worse. All of us working in the electrical industry therefore have a duty to make our voice heard and repeat the message that the technology and techniques that can make a difference to tomorrow are already here and need to be rolled out today.

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“Climate change isn’t something that’s going to happen in 10 or 20 years’ time – it’s real, it’s happening today…” Without these voices being heard, and our leaders making real change post-COP26, we will just continue to sleepwalk into disaster and leave a legacy that no one will be able to repair. Certainty and momentum are key As a sector, there are also two key words that we also need to hear and embrace: certainty and momentum. The industry needs to know its clear direction of travel and to be given bite-sized chunks of information to help it stay on course. And it also needs to keep

pace with any promises made, so we can’t have COP26, and then say, ‘Wasn’t that jolly good?’ and all go back to our day jobs as if nothing has changed. The sector has been discussing this kind of work for many years and there have been several false dawns. But we’re past that now and need to move forward to the next stage if the industry is to successfully build on the outcomes of COP26. The importance of investment We’ve also said for many years that the future is electric, but I think we can say ‘the now is electric’ because electriﬁcation is already starting to drive our heat, light and transport demands. It’s therefore vital that we have investment in the sector; we currently have a good workforce, with a record number of apprentices recruited in Scotland so far this year, but upskilling is deﬁnitely necessary to help make our sector more agile when it comes different

kinds of installations. For example, we’re probably all aware of tried-and-tested innovations like photovoltaic panels, battery storage and electric vehicle (EV) chargers, which the industry is already installing in homes and offices across Europe. But we’re also keen to get involved in ‘prosumer’ activity, where individual houses, groups of houses or even shopping centres can effectively come together, take themselves off grid and generate their own electricity, whether that’s wind, solar or a mix of both. This kind of thing isn’t rocket science per se, but it’s here and it’s happening, and we need to grab such opportunities, take advantage of them and make them work for us. There are lots of similar opportunities in the electrical industry and I’m sure we’re all very excited to be involved in a sector which is going to be an integral part of all our lives in the future.

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PRIZE DRAW

WIN THE ULTIMATE C.K TOOLKIT – WORTH OVER £500!

W IN

One lucky reader will bag this amazing festive prize, while ten runners-up will win a C.K Tools branded bobble hat and bottle opener.

e’re well and truly getting into the festive mood at C.K and wanted to mark what has been an extraordinary year, by offering the ultimate toolkit as a superb prize for one lucky winner. This bumper festive giveaway will include a whole host of high quality tools and other fantastic C.K products, all designed to help you breeze through your daily work. A premium C.K Magma Technician’s Toolcase will be packed full of the latest innovations from C.K Tools, together with some smart C.K workwear to kit you out. ● C.K

Kit’s the business! The kit contains the following: ● C.K

Magma Technician's Toolcase RedLine VDE Combination Pliers ● C.K RedLine VDE Snipe Nose Pliers ● C.K RedLine VDE Side Cutters With Wire Stripping Notches ● VDE 7pc S/Driver Set ● C.K Softech Tape 5m/16” ● C.K Junior Hacksaw ● C.K VDE Cable Sheath Stripping Knife ● C.K ArmourSlice SWA Cable Stripper ● C.K

Conduit Bush Wrench Automatic Wire Stripper ● C.K Spirit Level Pocket 210mm ● C.K Steel Claw Hammer High Visibility ● C.K MightyRod PRO Toolbox Cable Rod Set ● COB Mini Inspection Light 240 ● COB Mini Inspection Light 241 ● C.K Bobble Hat ● C.K Dextro Bottle Opener ● Mightyrods PRO Mug ● Mightyrods PRO T-shirt ● C.K Magma Body Warmer ● C.K

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And don’t forget, there are also 10 runners up prizes of a C.K Tools branded bobble hat and bottle opener to be won!

HOW TO ENTER TO ENTER THE FREE DRAW TO WIN THIS AMAZING PRIZE, SIMPLY FILL OUT THE CONTACT FORM AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB006 Deadline for entries: 10/01/2022. Usual T&Cs apply,

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COMMENT

“WE NEED EMPLOYERS TO MAKE TIME FOR T”

t is common knowledge that the construction sector is facing intense skills shortages that threaten the viability of many projects in the sector if they’re not urgently addressed. It is now thought that an additional 200,000 skilled workers would be required to close the gap and ensure the industry is able to keep up with the current rate of growth. With over 20% of construction workers in their fifties, there is a genuine concern that demand for skilled professionals will soon outweigh supply. That is before you even factor in the shock of Brexit and the pandemic on the labour force, with 51% fewer European construction workers thought to be working in the industry than in 2017. Recent research by City & Guilds found that only 7% of working people would consider a career in the construction industry and that dropped to 4% amongst women and 6% amongst 18-24-year-olds. Clearly there is a lot of work to be done

to attract people into the vast range of brilliant jobs that are available in the construction sector. Apprenticeships are one tried and tested route to bring young people and diverse groups into the industry. However, there is another newly available option that employers can support by providing a minimum of 315 hours work placement, and that is T Levels. What are T-Levels? T-Levels provide an innovative programme of study which covers a two-year period and contains a substantial industry placement. Unlike any other study programme, T-Levels are developed on a new skills-based programme for 16-19-year-olds, which combines a Technical Qualification (TQ) with an industry placement, meaning that learners are ‘workplace ready’ when they leave college so they can go into work or onto an apprenticeship. They will also earn UCAS points which could allow them to go

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David Barlow, Chair of Building Services for Construction on behalf of the EIB, explains why he and others are calling on construction industry leaders to help fill skills shortages by supporting T-Levels. on to university. The T-Levels deliver up -to-date relevant skills and specific sector knowledge to 25 sector areas such as Onsite Construction and Building Services Engineering. City & Guilds have been awarded the T-Levels contract in this sector and are working closely with the Institute of Technical Education and Apprenticeships to deliver this new gold standard curriculum to young people to support the new workforce of the future. Employers in the sector will play a pivotal role in the future of T-Levels within our industry, as they will provide the critically important work placement. Why would you want to get involved in offering these placements? Firstly, you can see these placements as an extended job interview where you get to see what young people are capable of. Secondly, you will be entitled to financial support from government to host the

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previous projects to reform vocational qualifications have failed, which is why employers must help focus on T-Levels, as it is the employer involvement which will change the playing field for industries and young people. It is essential that we, as responsible employers, get behind this initiative and give young people the support they deserve.

placement. And thirdly, you will be supporting a young person’s future in our industry and supporting the skills ecosystem as a whole. How can you get involved in offering work placements? To help progress this agenda we have set up an Employer & Industry (EIB) board with members representing sectors across all occupational specialisms. The role of the

EIB is to support the UK government reforms by focusing on bridging the gap that exists between education and employment by preparing individuals for skilled employment, which requires technical knowledge and practical skills valued by industry. Business taking a leading role Securing the placement with employers is critical. Evidence shows that other

Hiring a T-Level apprentice Future employers wishing to take on a T-Level apprentice will have the choice of taking on a learner who has completed a number of knowledge outcomes within their two-year T-Level programme as well as the work placement element. Businesses will feel more confident hiring an apprentice knowing that they understand the demands and make-up of this industry. FIND OUT MORE ABOUT T-LEVELS AND INDUSTRY PLACEMENTS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB007

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SPECIAL REPORT

PHONE A FRIEND! PE gets the opportunity to put a human face to the encyclopaedic knowledge that is the NICEIC and ELECSA technical helpline team.

e've all been there before – you ﬁnd yourself on a job that needs to be ﬁnished yesterday and have hit a roadblock. With no colleagues or experts on-site to turn to for some assistance, you're wishing at this point that you had someone (or something) you could call upon to give you a helping hand. Step forward the NICEIC and ELECSA technical helpline team...

and terms they'll understand. If you're a football fan you'll know that having 11 talented players at your disposal is never a cast-iron guarantee for success, with the (often understated) leader/captain playing a vital background role in ensuring that the ship is constantly pointing in the right direction. The captain of this particular vessel is Sam Donaghy, Technical Engineering

Manager at NICEIC and ELECSA and having had the opportunity to meet him in person as part of this feature, it's not hard to see why the team is thriving under his leadership. A warm, welcoming, knowledgeable and switched-on character, Sam started his electrical apprenticeship in 1978 and eventually landed a position on the NICEIC's technical helpline around ﬁve

Over 250 years’ combined experience Offered as a frontline technical support service to NICEIC and ELECSA’s 36,000 registrants, the technical support service is manned by 11 technical experts with a combined industry experience of over 250 years and a huge depth of knowledge in a wide variety of specialisms. Fielding an average call volume of 300 per day, and available ﬁve days a week, the team acts as a vital resource for NICEIC and ELECSA contractors who can tap into this well of expertise when technical queries arise. And, having all been 'on the tools' previously, they're well positioned to communicate with and advise those contractors who may otherwise have a limited network to consult with, in language

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SPECIAL REPORT

years ago, before moving across to head up the team at the start of 2020. “I've really enjoyed the experience and we're lucky to have a really good team of guys. We're all very like-minded and it's not uncommon that we'll start talking about a technical query at 5pm, and still be there at 8pm chewing the fat about it. That's one of the most enjoyable parts of the job for me,” says Sam. “No word of a lie, I've learnt more in the last five years than I had in the previous 25, such is the level of knowledge and individuals that we have here. Having that collective knowledge and staff who will challenge conventional theory can give you a completely different perspective and way of looking at things, which is tremendous for personal development.” Never a dull day So, what does an average day in the life of a technical helpline engineer consist of? “For me, there is no 'average' day, as the detail behind each query or task can be so different,” Sam explains. “As a team, our core duties involve managing the technical telephone helpline from Monday to Friday. The telephone helpline is generally there for our registered contractors, but we'll also take calls from new applicants who want some details about their forthcoming assessment or just some general advice.” He continues: “If they're not on the phone, the team will be answering emails. These are slightly different as anyone can email us (not just registered contractors) and we'll regularly get correspondence not just from our registrants, but also from the public, organisations like the police, or even solicitors and legal companies. “Additionally, we'll also act as an internal verifier of our assessment reports. As part of our competent person registration, the field engineers carrying out the assessments need to have this process reviewed by a separate individual, so the technical helpline acts as this function.” Clearly, there is a huge breadth and scope of technical subjects that are related to the electrical industry, so are there any particular queries that arise regularly and what happens if the team can't come up with an instant answer? Sam replies: “In terms of the last point,

we'll never guess an answer to a query. There are times where we'll be asked a question that we may have to log and we'll explain to the client that we'll get back to them after doing some research of our own. The other engineers and I almost take it personally when this happens and, such is the inquisitive gene that we all share, it becomes a bit of a personal mission to resolve the issue. “That's why it's great that we have such a breadth of experience across the team, as we're able to share knowledge and advice with one another if there's a query that one individual simply can't answer.” He adds: “As far as common queries are concerned, there's a few streams really. Firstly, as soon as there is a change to legislation or regulations you can guarantee we'll ﬁeld a number of calls related to that. That creates an interesting challenge for us as the team constantly has to be ahead of the game. When the 18th Edition was introduced, for example, our team took the exam the very next day – they had to! “Keeping up to speed on more general topics is also imperative. To tackle this, the

28 December 2021 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

organisation requires all NICEIC and ELECSA engineers to undertake a minimum of 30 hours of CPD every year, comprising both structured and unstructured learning. I can conﬁdently say that this is a target most of the team exceed as a matter of course. “Moving back to the enquires, we've seen a number of repeat queries in recent times related to things like supplies to outbuildings in domestic installations, or the correct procedure for a hot tub installation – all driven by lockdown and individuals deciding to make home improvements. “Earlier in the year, we also saw a significant rise in calls relating to EICRs which on the whole were tied to changes to legislation in the PRS and coding queries. Other consistent high traffic topics include EV installations, and subjects like battery storage and smart installations. “On top of these, we'll still get some old standards too, such as sizing of protective conductors or selecting protective devices, so you can see why one day is never the same as the next.”

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Sam continues: “We also served a slightly different function during lockdown, as we had many registrants who needed advice about processes and procedures related to Covid, which was an important thing for them. We've even taken calls from contractors who were isolated at the time and just wanted to hear a friendly, familiar voice at the end of a line. “The most difficult queries for us to resolve generally tend to involve fault ﬁnding, as this can be a very difficult process to support and advise on remotely. We constantly have to ask ourselves whether the person at the other end is working safely, which can create a bit of a mineﬁeld. “It's also very important to remember that we're not just there to tell someone how to do their job – that's not the principle of the hotline – it's there to guide them and help them learn, much in the same way that a teacher would refuse an answer you've given for a maths question without you being able to show the workings and understanding. “Quite often, if we have time, we'll keep an individual on the phone so that we can let them hear the process we're going through, which regs books and sections we're checking etc., so far more helpful to them in the longer term.” As someone who has been at the coalface of the electrical sector in the past, Sam is well aware of the need for organisations to support their customers with this sort of service, as he explains: “It's actually one of the requirements of running a CPS that you have some sort of

technical helpline available, though it's not specific as to how many hours this has to operate for and how many staff are manning it. “Personally, I'd like to think that we'd still have this service available, regardless of the requirement, as we get such valuable feedback that can help to drive other areas of the business, such as training courses, Tech Talks, topics for The WIRE webinars, technical articles etc. It's a very valued service for our contractors and one that you can't really put a price on.” New faces always welcome Although the team is well stocked, NICEIC and ELECSA is always looking for new recruits – whether that's in the form of field engineers, trainers or technical support staff (see advert on page 10 of this issue) – so what characteristics would a potential new recruit need to bring with them? “We don't put an age on people – it's knowledge and character we're after,” Sam answers. “Clearly, we need experienced staff who bring a good level of technical understanding with them, but that is not the only criteria. You also need to be able to explain things clearly and articulately, and be able to connect with the audience. “All our team members on the helpline are trained electricians who have been on the tools previously, but naturally there are some gaps in our knowledge base that we're always happy to fill. For example, the latest engineer we took on has

extensive electric vehicle charging and green energy knowledge.” Sam continues: “You also have to understand who you're talking to – do they understand what you're saying or do you need to be a bit more forensic before you actually give an answer? “We don't ever want a person who is acting as a parrot, simply reading an answer and then putting the phone down. In fact, our policy is that we never put the phone down first. We stay on the call until the person at the end of the line is satisfied and finishes the call. “One of the indirect benefits of the Covid situation is that, through working remotely, we've been able to cast our net wider in terms of the parts of the country that we'll recruit candidates from, so that gives us a greater pool to choose from as well.” He adds: “I always enjoyed the experience of working on the tools , because you could get that instant gratification of seeing what you'd done, or a job you'd worked on. Now the gratification is different, but no less rewarding. “When we resolve a problematic query or the callers say they've grown their knowledge, it's something that gives me a lot of personal pride and pleasure. I'd definitely recommend that those who may be looking to change course slightly within the industry consider this type of route.” A well respected team Sam concludes: “The one thing that we always have to be mindful of is that our conversations with clients should never come from a personal standpoint. Instead of saying 'I would do this', it has to be 'we would do/recommend this', so it takes the temptation for the individual to offer personal advice out of the equation and ensures it is coming purely from a company/collective perspective. “I think we're (rightly) well respected within our own company and the industry as a whole and that gives me an enormous amount of pride. A lot of that comes from the fact that we have a team that really strives to help one another, which makes such a difference. “So, if you're ever stuck and in need of some help, pick up the phone and give us a call!”

PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 29

S Y A W A E V I G ] [

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HAMILTON LITESTAT

1 to win

MARTINDALE VIPDLOKPRO138-S SAFE ISOLATION KIT The Martindale VIPDLOKPRO138-S lock out kit contains the VI13800 voltage indicator, matching PD440S proving device and LOKKITPRO which contains a wide range of Martindale locking off devices, all supplied in two convenient soft carry cases. The kit simplifies compliance with H & S recommendations for safe working practices when maintaining or installing electrical plant and equipment. The VI13800 voltage indicator and matching PD440S proving unit are supplied in the TC71 combination carry case, keeping them together to ensure that the proving device is always at hand. Martindale recently launched its ‘ALIVE’ campaign, which provides the foundations of working with electricity and the VIPDLOKPRO138-S is the best package to help ensure safe working practices. ENTER THE PRIZE DRAW AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB008

30 December 2021

HAMILTON WIRELESS SPEAKER

Hamilton’s Appio Wireless Active Wi-Fi Speaker, which has a built-in ampliﬁer, delivers 20W of power and offers an EQ function to tailor the treble and bass to win output to the listener’s preference. It supports multi-room playback by linking multiple speakers together through the Wi-Fi, with playback having a minimal delay of less than ﬁve milliseconds. One Spotify account can stream to multiple Appio speakers simultaneously. The intuitive Hamilton Player App allows for easy set-up and control of the Appio across a range of devices via iOS or Android.

Tune-in to Hamilton’s Wireless Audio Solutions at: hamilton-litestat.com/wireless-audio/ ENTER THE PRIZE DRAW AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB009

TIMEGUARD OUTDOOR LIGHTING AND CAMERA BUNDLE

Here’s your chance to get your hands on the latest addition to the Timeguard LEDPro range of modular outdoor lighting. The to win premium range allows you to design your own outdoor lighting. You can mix and match floodlights from 10 to 100W with plug-in PIR, photocell and RF switches. And now there’s an extra plus with the introduction of the LEDPro Camera – a PIR module with an integrated WiFi camera and sound. It provides a view of what is happening outdoors as well as two-way audio for direct communication with visitors and a warning siren option. As part of the modular LEDPro range, it can be installed from scratch or retrofitted to an existing floodlight, replacing a more-standard PIR switching module. We’ve got an LEDPro PIR module with WiFi Camera plus a matching floodlight to give away this month. ENTER THE PRIZE DRAW AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB010

PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

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Enter all of this month’s FREE prize draws by going directly to: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB063

2 to win

ARMEG ROOFING BOLT DRIVERS

After snapping yet another flat head screwdriver during a roofing bolt installation back in to win 2019, John Mijalski decided enough was enough and embarked on a mission to find a solution to driving in roofing bolts. Three years later after designing, patenting, and finding an exclusive manufacturing and distribution partner (Arneg) the Impact Rated Roofing Bolt Driver is here. Featuring a unique cruciform head design, the driver is made specifically to fit the cross-head form of roofing bolt drivers. 4 x drive wings create a strong location in the bolt head and provide increased contact with the drive edges. This helps prevent camming out and dramatically reduces bolt head damage caused by traditional screwdriver slippage.

Read more about the product in our special feature on page 71!

ENTER THE PRIZE DRAW AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB011

ERA ERA PROTECT FAMILY KITS Combining intelligent technology with ultimate convenience, ERA Protect is a modular smart security ecosystem that provides complete protection across the exterior and interior of a property. Each kit includes a Central Wireless Hub, two PIR Motion Sensors, two Door/Window Sensors, two Remote Controls, a Wireless Keypad, Battery Operated Live Siren, WiFi Outdoor Floodlight Camera and a WiFi Internal Camera. The App-controlled devices provide continuous monitoring of a property, sending instant alerts via the free ERA Protect App, which can be accessed from anywhere at any time. Ideal for monitoring driveways, gardens and outbuildings, the external security camera enables you to see and hear what’s happening outside a property. The in-built PIR detects motion, whilst the camera offers live day and night viewing capability, with built in two-way talk. For further information on ERA Protect visit: www.eraprotect.com. ENTER THE PRIZE DRAW AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB012

WD-40 CANS OF SPECIALIST ELECTRICAL FAST DRYING CONTACT CLEANER

Found within WD-40's Specialist range, this to win non-conductive cleaner is developed to be used on all kinds of electrical equipment and scenarios found by electricians. Prime uses for the product include cleaning cables and tools, in particular those sensitive contact areas found in electrical power tools and battery terminals. Another classic example of use has to be the humble house socket which can get clogged with debris. Its unique formula dries extremely quickly without leaving a sticky residue, enabling users to clean dirt, general grime, ﬂux residue and even oil from electronics and general electrical equipment. As with every product within the company’s Specialist range, Fast Drying Contact Cleaner cans are equipped with the a ‘smart’ straw; ﬂipping the straw up ensures a powerful and yet totally accurate precise amount of solution without any overspray. Flipping the straw down ensues a wide spray covering larger surface areas. ENTER THE PRIZE DRAW AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB013

PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 31

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TOP PRODUCTSFINAL 2021FIX

We take a look back at those products that turned electricians ’ heads this year

EE FR

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN & INSTALLER

THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

MARCH 2021

APRIL 2021

TECHNICAL & TRAINING FIRE SAFETY STANDARD CHANGES, HOT TUB FITTING TIPS, SURGE PROTECTION ADVICE AND MORE

ARE YOU READY FOR THE IR35 TAX LAWS?

PROFILING THE LATEST SOLUTIONS AND EQUIPMENT THAT WILL HELP TO KEEP YOUR CUSTOMERS SAFE AND COMPLIANT

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

& INSTALLER

MAY 2021

FABULOUS AT FORTY

AMAZING PRIZES TO BE WON

WE CHART C-TEC'S RISE AS THE COMPANY CELEBRATES A VERY SPECIAL BIRTHDAY

BUSINESS ADVICE PRODUCTS FOR A PANDEMIC

E AD E TR TH

& INSTALLER

THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

FEBRUARY 2021

JANUARY 2021

E AD E TR TH

& INSTALLER

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN

THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

E AD E TR TH

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN

EE FR

& INSTALLER

THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

EE FR

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN

GREAT GOODIES UP FOR GRABS FROM ESP, CK TOOLS, DETA ELECTRICAL, VAN GUARDIAN AND SPECTRE

A NEW PHASE IN LIGHTING WHY OVIA IS SHIFTING UP A GEAR IN 2021

TURNING UP THE HEAT

TECHNICAL & TRAINING

SANGAMO HEATING CONTROLS GET A REVAMP

HOW COULD AMD2 IMPACT SPD USE ON SOLAR INSTALLS?

THE ULTIMATE EV INSTALLER'S GUIDE

GIVEAWAYS GALORE WIN PRIZES FROM C.K TOOLS, VELOCITY PRO-GEAR, SNICKERS WORKWEAR, TIMEGUARD AND CHECKATRADE ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: CAUGHT ON CAMERA | NEW PRODUCTS | GIVEAWAYS | REVIEWS AND MORE…

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: CAUGHT ON CAMERA

SANITISING SOLUTIONS

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: TECHNICAL ADVICE ● NEW PRODUCTS ● CAUGHT ON CAMERA ● PRIZE DRAWS AND MORE…

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: TECHNICAL INSIGHTS | NEW PRODUCTS | INDUSTRY NEWS | PRIZE DRAWS AND MORE…

| NEW PRODUCTS | INDUSTRY NEWS | LETTERS AND MORE…

ALL THE INFORMATION YOU NEED TO KNOW

HOW TO KEEP YOURSELF AND YOUR COLLEAGUES SAFE ON-SITE

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: TECHNICAL ADVICE | NEW PRODUCTS | CAUGHT ON CAMERA | NEWS & VIEWS AND MORE…

A YEAR OF INNOVATION It’s been another busy 12 months in the constantly evolving world of the electrical industry, with every passing year exceeding the last in terms of the quality of new products released to the market and the opportunities for contractors to make more money. Over the last 11 issues PE has provided you with information about all of the hottest products available, so what better way to celebrate the cream of the crop than with a bit of awards giving? What is a Top Product? Our highly coveted Top Product awards are handed out to those products and services that have made a significant difference to an electrician’s work and have surpassed all levels of reliability, innovation and quality. So, stick the kettle on, get yourself a choccy biscuit (or two) and take a trip down memory lane as we crown this year’s Top Product winners that have caught the eye of this magazine and thousands of electricians in 2021. Don’t forget to use the RDR.link codes to find out more details about each of our winning entries! TO

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

SEPTEMBER 2021

& INSTALLER

PROFESSIONAL

E AD E TR TH

& INSTALLER

JULY/AUGUST 2021

EE FR

THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

E AD E TR TH

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN

& INSTALLER

EE FR

THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

E AD E TR TH

JUNE 2021

E AD E TR TH

& INSTALLER

PROFESSIONAL

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THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

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ELECTRICIAN THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

O C TOBER 2021

& INSTALLER NOVEMBER 2021

CIRCUIT TRAINING EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT 2 CHANGES AND THEIR IMPACT ON CIRCUIT PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

CONSUMER CULTURE SCOLMORE GETS CONSUMER FOCUSED AS IT LAUNCHES A NEW PRODUCT FAMILY

THE NEXT GENERATION

THE NEED FOR SPEED

THE LATEST INNOVATION IN LEVER WIRE CONNECTORS IS HERE

PRIZE DRAW FRENZY

THE TIME AND THE PACE

ARE YOU KEEPING UP TO SPEED WITH NEW TECHNOLOGY?

TECHNICAL & TRAINING

UNDERSTANDING EICR CODES, AM2 ADVICE AND UNDERFLOOR HEATING TIPS ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: PRIZE GIVEAWAYS ● NEW PRODUCTS ● CAUGHT ON CAMERA ● NEWS & VIEWS AND MORE…

INDUSTRY NEWS

NICEIC ANNOUNCES SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO ITS JOINING CRITERIA

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: TECHNICAL ADVICE | NEW PRODUCTS | CAUGHT ON CAMERA | PRIZE DRAWS AND MORE…

£250 MULTI-STORE VOUCHER, HOLESAW SETS, WORK TROUSERS AND OUTDOOR SOCKETS TO BE WON

ELEX RETURNS!

TECHNICAL & TRAINING

WE GET THE LOWDOWN ON MK'S LATEST PRODUCT LAUNCH

HOW TO SAFELY ISOLATE CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS THIS WINTER

AS IN-PERSON TRADE SHOWS ONCE AGAIN OPEN THEIR DOORS, WE PREVIEW ELEX’S FIRST OUTING OF 2021 ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: CAUGHT ON CAMERA ● NEW PRODUCTS ● TECHNICAL INSIGHTS ● CODEBREAKERS AND MORE…

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: CAUGHT ON CAMERA ● NEW PRODUCTS ● TECHNICAL INSIGHTS ● CODEBREAKERS AND MORE…

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: PRODUCT REVIEWS ● CAUGHT ON CAMERA ● PRIZE DRAWS ● INDUSTRY NEWS AND MORE

PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 33

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Sponsored by

The Electricians’ Exhibition

R FO S K ES AC IN B US B

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THE TRADESHOW FOR PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIANS

Leading brands, live demos, tech talks, show specials – all under one roof!

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THE

CODEBREAKERS ANDY NEWELL: HERE ARE TWO PHOTOS TAKEN AT MY DAUGHTER’S HOUSE. THE FAMILY HAD SMELLED SOMETHING STRANGE AND I NOTICED A DOUBLE SOCKET AT THE BACK OF A CUPBOARD FEEDING THE DISHWASHER AND WASHING MACHINE. THE PLUG WAS FOR AN EXTENSION LEAD, AS THE SOCKET WAS TOO FAR AWAY FROM THE WASHING MACHINE. THE LIVE WIRE BURNED BACK COMPLETELY BEFORE THE MACHINE STOPPED AND THE BREAKER IN THE CU DIDN’T TRIP AS THE NEUTRAL AND EARTH WIRES REMAINED INTACT. We often see socket outlets with thermal damage. There are numerous reasons why this happens, but in this case, the damage is more from heat transferal from the plug, looking at the localised dark patch just above the Live (Line) pin outlet. Even though an extension lead is classed as portable equipment, being used in this manner, it is very much seen to be a part of the main electrical installation. Where washing machines and mobile loads that generally have a high current rating are used, it's best practice to install a local socket-outlet and not rely on extension leads. Looking at the extension lead plug top, it looks as if the Live (Line) terminal was loose and causing excessive localised heat and quite possibly arcing. We can also see that the plug top may have been wired by someone other than its original manufacturer, which could easily be the source of the loose or arcing conductors, causing the thermal damage. As the Live (Line) conductor has been burnt back to the overly tight cable clamp, we can assume there may well have been some arcing in this case. These types of problems arise from a poor understanding of load management and are usually only found when things go wrong or on an EICR.

This kind of potential fire risk is exactly the reason BS 7671 has started to favour the introduction of Arc Fault Detection Devices. Even though BS 7671 doesn't normally concern itself with equipment fitted to the electrical installation, a ring-final circuit protected with an AFDD would likely have detected this kind of arc fault and isolated the circuit to make it safe. Three things would have prevented this issue: 1. Following industry guidance and putting socket-outlets where they are needed. There's still no guarantee the plug top used won't have been incorrectly fitted. 2. Carrying out regular EICRs, as this will have had long periods in between checks, including portable and fixed appliances. 3. Using an AFDD – almost instantaneous, leaving the circuit safe until remedial action can be taken. Looking at the three options, a continually monitoring AFDD is likely to be the safest option and will protect lives.

The Observations, Regulation infringements and Codes applicable to this observation would be: Socket-outlet not provided at the point of use for regularly used equipment

134.1.1, 132.3(i), 132.12, 553.1.7

Socket-outlet has thermal damage from faulty plug top, likely caused by arcing

134.1.1, 651.2(ii), 651.2(vi), 421.1.7

C2 FI

GET THE BOOK AND CRACK THOSE CODES!

Updated for BS 7671:2018, NAPIT’s EICR Codebreakers publication is purpose-written to aid contractors, inspectors and clients, and now includes updates to align with the 18th Edition of the wiring regulations. A 2018 Professional Electrician & Installer ‘Top Product’ award winner, the book is the perfect technical aid for electrical professionals and their customers.

38 December 2021 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

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Need help with cracking those all-important EICR codes? Every month the technical team at NAPIT will be studying your latest ‘Caught on Camera’ photos and offering advice on the next steps, should you find a similar installation. If you want the team at NAPIT to help crack your codes then send your pictures through to us at: pe@hamerville.co.uk

ANDY SCOTT: HAVING BEEN ASKED TO CHANGE SOME DOWNLIGHTS IN A BATHROOM OVER TO LED I CAME ACROSS THESE... THE TROUBLE IS THE WHOLE HOUSE HAS THESE FITTINGS INSTALLED (WELL OVER 100 OF THEM), SO WHAT SHOULD I DO NEXT? Even though the engineer has found these thermally damaged transformers during an upgrade, they could easily have been identified on an EICR, or could they? If the engineer had found these on an EICR, they would most likely mark an observation and assign a code to them. An appropriate code would be a C2 for thermal damage for the sampled light fittings, and although correct, it may not give an accurate representation of the rest of the installation, or more specifically, if any other transformers are similarly installed. The problem is that with sampling, there is always a chance things can be missed. When we set Limitations for an EICR, right at the start of the inspection process, we generally decide on a sampling rate with the client. Any sampling rates chosen can either make a high-quality EICR (high sample rate) or a low-quality EICR (low sample rate). Sampling can be applied to both circuits and accessories, and it’s important to understand that a sample is just that. If after sampling a small section of accessories, such as the transformers in the picture, any thermally damaged equipment should lead the Inspector to think about what could be going on elsewhere. If we find damaged equipment (not just thermally damaged) while sampling during an EICR, an inspector must always highlight this to the client; the easiest way to do this is to use the further investigation code FI, which will still result in an Unsatisfactory outcome for the EICR. It is important to note that it may not be economically viable for the inspector to take on checking the remainder of the transformers, as this could take considerable time, and this may not have been budgeted for – hence the reason we use sampling. If the client agrees in the Limitations, before the inspection starts,

that this kind of extra work can be undertaken during the EICR and agrees on a repair and costing contract with the inspector, then further accessories can be checked. This is entirely at the cost of the client, however.

The Observations, Regulation infringements and Codes applicable to this observation would be: Sampled transformers showing signs of significant thermal stress, further sampling/checks required

134.1.5, 651.2(ii), 651.2(v)

The 18th Edition Codebreakers publication is priced at £17.99* (members) or £19.99* (non-members). Hard copies and digital issues are available. * Prices exclude VAT, postage and packaging

ORDER YOUR COPY OF NAPIT CODEBREAKERS BY VISITING: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB028

FI C2

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TECHNICAL & TRAINING

THERMAL IMAGING AND INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE

Justin Sheard, Senior Engineer and Application Specialist at Fluke Corporation, looks at the ways electrical professionals can utilise thermal imaging tools to identify potential issues with industrial equipment.

onitoring equipment performance with thermal imaging cameras can reduce the likelihood of unplanned downtime (due to equipment failure), reduce reactive maintenance fees and equipment repair costs, and extend the lifespan of machine assets. Thermal imaging is great for spotting a lack of uniformity in equipment by indicating hot and cold spots in surface temperature, through infrared image capture. Heat is often an early symptom of equipment damage or malfunction, making it important to monitor in preventive maintenance programs.

equipment being inspected and level of detail required. There are three typical methods of thermography that cover most situations:

Thermal inspection methods Because there is no universal solution for all infrared inspections with a thermal camera, you need to match your method to the

Thermal: Once you’ve set your baseline, you can use thermal trending inspections to compare how temperature is distributed in the same components over

Baseline: This is a good place to start for just about any application. First, you scan the equipment when it’s ﬁrst commissioned or later in the lifecycle when it is working the way it should be, and then use that as a reference point for future inspections. Whether you compare the thermal images on your camera in the ﬁeld, or on your PC using software tools, this baseline approach paves the way to helping you spot anomalies down the road.

40 December 2021 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

time. This can help you detect declining performance over time so that you can hopefully schedule downtime maintenance before equipment schedules it for you. Comparative: This means you scan similar components with your thermal camera under similar conditions and compare the results. This method relies on the idea that you expect similar or identical components, under similar loads, to have similar temperature proﬁles. Once you have three or more components it’s relatively easy to pick up an anomaly. There’s one more level of complexity to consider: depending on the components being compared, the actual temperature difference that can be considered an anomaly will vary.

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ASSET MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING Motors and drives Electric motors are the backbone of industry. Thermal cameras are very useful for both troubleshooting problems as well as for condition monitoring, for long-term preventive maintenance. Using a handheld thermal camera, you can capture infrared temperature measurements of a motor’s temperature proﬁle as a two-dimensional image.

If you suspect overheating is the result of one of the following, consider the action described: Inadequate airflow: If a brief shutdown is possible without affecting the plant process, shut off the motor long enough to perform minor cleaning on the air intake grills. Schedule a thorough motor cleaning during the next planned plant shutdown. Unbalanced voltage or an overload: The usual cause, a high-resistance connection in the switchgear, disconnect, or motor connection box, can usually be pinpointed by a thermographic inspection and confirmed using a multimeter, clamp meter, or a power quality analyzer.

What to check: Ideally, you should check motors when they are running under normal operating conditions. Unlike an infrared thermometer that only captures temperature at a single point, thermal cameras can capture temperatures at thousands of points at once, for all of the critical components: the motor, shaft coupling, motor and shaft bearings, and the gearbox. Note that each motor is designed to operate at a speciﬁc internal temperature – the components should not be as hot as the motor housing. What to look for: All motors should list the normal operating temperature on the nameplate. While the thermal camera cannot see the inside of the motor, the exterior surface temperature is an indicator of the internal temperature. As the motor gets hotter inside, it also gets hotter outside. Thus, an experienced thermographer who is knowledgeable about motors can use thermal imaging to identify conditions such as inadequate airﬂow, impending bearing failure, shaft coupling problems, and insulation degradation in the rotor or stator in the motor.

Impending bearing failure: When the thermal images indicate an overheating bearing, generate a maintenance order to either replace the bearing or lubricate the bearing. Vibration analysis can often help determine the best course of action. Insulation failure: If it will not too greatly impact production, de-rate the motor in accordance with NEMA standards. Generate a work order to replace the motor as soon as possible. Shaft misalignment: In most cases, vibration analysis will confirm a misaligned coupling. If a shutdown is possible, dial indicators of laser-alignment devices can be used and the misalignment can be corrected then and there. Electrical panels Thermal images are an easy way to identify apparent temperature differences in industrial three-phase electrical circuits, compared to their normal operating conditions. By inspecting the thermal gradients of all three phases side by side, technicians can quickly spot performance anomalies on individual legs due to unbalance or overloading.

What to check: Capture thermal images of all electrical panels and other high-load connection points such drives, disconnects, controls, and so on. Where you discover higher temperatures, follow that circuit and examine associated branches and loads. Check panels and other connections with the covers off. Ideally, you should check electrical devices when they are fully warmed up and at steady state conditions with at least 40% of the typical load. That way, measurements can be properly evaluated and compared to normal operating conditions.

What to look for: Equal load should equate to equal temperatures. In an unbalanced load situation, the more heavily loaded phases(s) will appear warmer than the others, due to the heat generated by resistance. However, an unbalanced load, and a harmonic imbalance can all create a similar pattern. Measuring the electrical load is required to diagnose the problem. When a thermal image shows an entire conductor is warmer than other components throughout part of a circuit, the conductor could be undersized or overloaded. Check the conductor rating and the actual load to determine which is the case. Current: Use a multimeter with a clamp, a clamp meter or a power quality analyzer to check current balance and loading on each phase. Voltage: On the voltage side, check the protection switchgear for voltage drops. In general, voltage drop should be within 10% of the nameplate rating. Neutral to ground voltage tells you how heavily your system is loaded and helps you track harmonic current. Neutral to ground voltage higher than 3% should trigger further investigation. Load: Loads do change, and a phase can suddenly be 5% lower on one leg, if a signiﬁcantly large single-phase load comes online. Voltage drops across the fuses and

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switches can also show up as unbalance at the motor and excess heat at the root trouble spot. Before you assume the cause has been found, double check with both the thermal camera and multimeter or clamp meter current measurements. Harmonics: Neither feeder nor branch circuits should be loaded to the maximum allowable limit. Circuit load equations should also allow for harmonics. The most common solution to overloading is to redistribute loads among the circuits, or to manage when loads come on during the process. Steam systems Thermal images of steam systems reveal the comparative temperatures of system components and thereby indicate how effectively and efficiently steam system components are operating. What to check: Using a combination of ultrasound and thermal inspections significantly increases the detection rate of problems in steam systems. Check all steam traps and steam transmission lines, including any underground lines. In addition, scan heat exchangers, boilers, and steam-using equipment. In other words, examine every part of your steam system with a thermal imager. What to look for: Steam traps are valves designed to remove condensate as well as air from the system. During inspections, use both thermal and ultrasonic testing to identify failed steam traps and whether they have failed open or closed. In general, if a thermal image shows a high inlet temperature and a low outlet temperature (<212°F or 100°C), that indicates that the trap is functioning correctly. If the inlet temperature is signiﬁcantly less than the system temperature, steam is not getting to the trap. Look for an upstream problem – a closed valve, pipe blockage, etc. If both the inlet and the outlet temperatures are the same, the trap probably has failed open and is blowing steam into the condensate line. This keeps the system operating but with signiﬁcant energy loss. Low inlet and outlet temperatures indicate that the trap

has failed closed and condensate is ﬁlling the trap and the inlet line. Roller, chain, and belt conveyors Thermal imaging is especially useful for monitoring low-speed mechanical equipment like conveyors. Overheating signals the impending failure of many different electrical and mechanical conveyor components, from motors, gearboxes, and drives to bearings, shafts, and belts. What to check: While they are running, monitor conveyors that are critical to your operations (i.e., those whose failure would threaten people, property, or production). Be sure to scan the conveyors’ drives, electric motors and gearboxes, and follow the guidelines for these units spelled out earlier in this article. Also, with the conveyors running, check the conveyor chain on any critical towline, powered overhead and power-and-free conveyors used in your operations. In addition, scan the bearings in the carrier rolls of powered roller conveyors and in the idler rollers and drive, tail and take-up pulleys on your critical belt conveyors. And, remember to check the belts themselves. What to look for: In general, look for hotspots and pay special attention to differences in

42 December 2021 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

temperature of similar components operating under similar conditions – similar speeds, similar loading, etc. For example, if the end bearings in the same conveyor roller or pulley or the bearings on the same side of adjacent rollers on the same conveyor are running at different temperatures, the hotter one may be trending toward failure. For monitoring some conveyor components (e.g., drives), thermal imaging complements other condition monitoring technologies such as oil analysis, vibration monitoring, and ultrasound. However, tow chains under the ﬂoor and elevated chain conveyors, including power-and-free conveyors, are often most easily and effectively monitored from a distance using thermal imaging. Check the chain as well as the roller turns and curves. Overheating chain or rollers may signal lubrication or wear problems. Thermal imaging is an ideal monitoring technique for powered roller conveyors, roller-bed belt conveyors and bulk-handling belt conveyors with idlers, whether these conveyors are elevated or not. On such conveyors, the bearings are usually too small, too numerous or too inaccessible – perhaps all three – to be effectively screened by other strategies. FIND THE BEST FLUKE THERMAL CAMERA FOR YOUR NEEDS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB029

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NET ZERO POWER PROTECTION Marc Garner, VP Secure Power Division, Schneider Electric UK&I, looks at how robust power protection solutions will further accelerate the drive to Net Zero.

Net Zero homes: the best sustainable innovations

hroughout the last decade the world has seen a sharp rise in carbon emissions. Digital transformation is growing at an unprecedented rate, connectivity demands continue to surge, and our world has fast become a digital domain. Across the globe, renewable power, energy efficient hardware and data-driven software technologies have become some of humankind’s greatest allies in the quest to decarbonise and reach Net Zero. Digitisation and electrification have become pivotal in the battle against climate change, but the real power, it seems, lies not just within the technologies we choose but also in how they in turn use energy. With entire global economies, businesses and consumers now dependent on data, connectivity and digital services, the increased demands placed on devices within our homes, buildings and digital infrastructure has meant that resilience and the need to mitigate downtime has become more prevalent than ever before. According to the Uptime Institute Global Data Center Survey 2021, 43% of respondents stated that on-site power problems remain the single biggest cause of downtime, and with more people now working remotely, power and network disruptions have become all the more problematic. From electrical surges that knock out broadband routers to network and full-scale IT application outages, the need to protect against failures is critical. The good news, however, is that there are technologies that can provide robust power protection, ensuring that end users remain connected in a sustainable way.

Resilient power protection According to Cisco, around 43% of home network users experience a network outage at least once a month and 17% percent have an outage at least once a week, meaning an investment in sustainable power protection can pay significant dividends. In homes, protecting personal equipment including smart devices, TVs, gaming consoles and smart meters is paramount. Any piece of electrical equipment dependent on a Wi-Fi or electrical connection can be vulnerable to an outage, meaning that a battery backup power protection system such as an uninterruptible power supply or a surge protection solution can prevent untimely and unwanted outages. In distributed IT and data centre environments, both single and three-phase UPSs can ensure that both mission and business-critical applications stay protected from downtime. With a new Schneider Electric report finding that IT-sector related electricity demands could increase by 50% by 2030, energy efficient power protection systems have become crucial in the race to decarbonise and ensure reliability. With many UPSs now offering up to 99% energy efficiency with advanced eco-modes, IT decision-makers no longer need to try to balance demands for sustainability with the need for resilience. Whether the requirement is small, single-phase UPSs for home and office environments or three-phase power protection systems for data centres and critical IT applications, Schneider Electric’s UPS range delivers sustainable power protection to meet Net Zero ambitions.

LEARN MORE ABOUT SCHNEIDER'S ENERGY EFFICIENT EASY UPS RANGE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB030

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TECHNICAL & TRAINING

PROTECTION AGAINST OVERLOAD

NICEIC & ELECSA look at the general requirements of BS 7671 relating to protection against overload current, whether provided in isolation or in conjunction with fault current protection.

Fig 1. Co-ordination between a conductor and an overload protective device

Basic requirements for overcurrent protection A protective device must be provided in order to disconnect any overcurrent in live (that is, line and neutral) circuit conductors before such current could cause danger due to thermal or electromechanical effects which may be detrimental to insulation, connections, joints, terminations or the materials immediately surrounding the conductors (430.3). The term overcurrent encompasses currents resulting from both fault and overload conditions. BS 7671 permits both the omission of overload (see Regulation group 433.3), or fault protection (Regulation group 434.3) in certain prescribed situations. It is common however, for a single protective device to provide both types of overcurrent protection in a circuit. Where this is the case, if the overload protective device meets the co-ordination requirements of Regulation group 433.1 and has a rated short-circuit breaking capacity not less than the prospective fault current at that point in the circuit then, in general, it can be assumed that the overload device can also provide the necessary fault protection for conductors

downstream from its point of installation. Such co-ordination of overload and fault current protection is not necessarily provided in the case of fault current protection of conductors in parallel (434.4), or where non-current-limiting circuit-breakers are used. Where either of the above applies, compliance should be conﬁrmed on a case-by-case basis (435.1). In most cases, where a neutral conductor has a cross-sectional area at least equivalent to that of the associated line conductors and the current in the neutral is not expected to exceed that in the line conductors, it is not necessary to provide either overcurrent detection or a disconnecting device in the neutral conductor (431.2.1). However, overcurrent detection – as opposed to disconnection – is required in a neutral conductor of a polyphase circuit in situations where the harmonic content of the associated line currents may cause the current in the neutral conductor to exceed its as-installed current-carrying capacity. The overcurrent detection must cause disconnection of the line conductors, but not necessarily the neutral conductor (431.2.3).

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Co-ordination between a conductor and an overload protective device To prevent the persistence of a small overload of long duration the following conditions must be met: (i) The rated current or current setting of the protective device (In) must not be less than the design current (Ib) of the circuit, and (ii) The rated current or current setting of the protective device (In) must not exceed the lowest of the current-carrying capacities (Iz) of any conductor in the circuit, and (iii) The current causing effective operation of the protective device (I2) should not be more than 1.45 times the current-carrying capacities (Iz) of any conductor in the circuit (433.1.1).

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short-circuit breaking capacity lower than the prospective fault current at its point of installation, although the operating characteristics of the device must be co-ordinated with the conductor being protected in accordance with Section 433 of BS 7671 as described previously in this article (432.2). Fig 2. Overload protective device positioned at a point of reduction in current-carrying capacity of conductors

Regulation 433.1.201 states, where conditions (i) and (ii) are met (and Ib ≤ In ≤ Iz), condition (iii) will also be met where the following protective devices are employed: ● ● ●

●

general-purpose (gG) fuse to BS 88-2 fuse to BS 88-3 circuit-breaker to BS EN 60898 or BS EN 60947-2 RCBO to BS EN 61009-1.

Additionally, where a circuit is protected by a rewireable fuse to BS 3036, condition (iii) will be met where the rated current (In) of the fuse does not exceed 0.725 times the lowest of the current-carrying capacities (Iz) of any conductor of the circuit. In ≤ 0.725 x Iz

(433.1.202)

For cables buried, either directly in the ground or within ducts, where tabulated current-carrying capacity is based on an ambient temperature of 20°C, compliance with condition (iii) is achieved where the rated current or current setting of protective device (In) does not exceed 0.9 times the lowest of the current-carrying capacities (Iz) of any conductor of the circuit (433.1.203). A ring ﬁnal circuit is deemed to comply with the requirements of Regulation 433.1.1 if the following conditions are met: ●

Accessories such as socket-outlets and connection units to BS 1363 are used, and

●

The circuit is protected by a 30/32 A device complying with the BS 88 series, BS 3036, BS EN 60898, BS EN 60947-2 or BS EN 61009-1, and Copper line and neutral conductors are used, having a cross-sectional area of either: – 2.5 mm2, or – in the case of mineral insulated cables, 1.5 mm2, and The lowest of the current-carrying capacities (Iz) of any conductor of the circuit corrected for ambient conditions is not less than 20 A, and The load current in any part of the circuit is unlikely to exceed the current-carrying capacity of the cable for long periods (433.1.204).

Devices providing protection against both overload and fault current Any device providing both overload and fault current protection, except as permitted by Regulation 434.5.1, must be capable of breaking, and for a circuit-breaker making, any overcurrent up to and including the maximum prospective fault current at the point where the device is installed (432.1). Utilising a single device to provide both overload and fault protection is not always a practical proposition. In such cases, a designer may choose to use different devices for the two functions. Devices providing protection against overload only A device providing protection against overload current only may have a rated

Location of overload protective devices In general, a device for overload protection is required at the point where a reduction occurs in the current-carrying capacity of the conductors because of a change in cross-sectional area, the type of cable/conductors used and method of installation, or changes in environmental conditions (433.2.1). If there are no outlets or spurs after the reduction in cross-sectional area, Regulation 433.2.2 permits the installation of the protective device along the run of that conductor provided that: ●

●

Protection against fault current is provided, or The length of run before the overload protection device does not exceed 3m, and the circuit is installed in a manner that reduces to a minimum the risk of: – a fault, and – ﬁre or danger to persons.

Summary A protective device must be provided to break any overcurrent as a result of an overload or fault in the circuit conductors before the overcurrent causes damage to insulation, connections, joints, terminations or the surroundings of the conductors (430.3). In prescribed circumstances, BS 7671 permits protection against fault currents and overloads to be provided by a single protective device or by separate means (Section 432).

GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT NICEIC REGISTRATION AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB031

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PULLING BACK THE CURTAIN

eaders from across the industry will know that the IET Wiring Regulations is the essential reference book for all electrical professionals. Currently in its 18th Edition, the IET Wiring Regulations undergo frequent, notoriously multi-coloured, revisions – but who decides what they will say next, and whether these changes merit an amendment or a whole new edition? With Amendment 1 in full effect since 2020, and Amendment 2 just around the corner, we’ll look at the rationale behind the latest IET Wiring Regulations, the different bodies

A Standard for Standards The Wiring Regulations, like all British Standards, follow BS0 – an overarching ‘Standard for Standards’ which contains the guiding principles for all Standards published by the BSI. There is even a standard for making a cup of tea. For those interested, that’s BS 6008:1980!

It's a question that many electrical professionals will have asked: how are the IET Wiring Regulations written? Gary Parker & Shahid Khan, ECA Technical Managers, along with Mark Coles, Head of Technical Regulations at the IET, provide more insight. involved in its revision, and what the future holds for the 18th Edition. A brief history The very first version of the Wiring Regulations appeared as far back as 1882. This was a first attempt by the Society of Telegraph Engineers and of Electricians to gather a set of overarching rules for the industry. The document was very short ( just four pages!) with basic but vitally important rules such as ‘do no harm’ and ‘do not cause fires’. Every few years, more detailed rules about electrical installation, safety, and good best practice were added to the document. In the first half of the 20th century, the Regulations increasingly helped to regulate the fast-growing electrical industry, while ensuring electricians across the land were at least reading from the same hymn sheet. Fast-forward another 50 years to 1992, when the 16th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations officially became British Standard number 7671. By that time, the

British Standards Institution (BSI) had formed an electrical installation committee to join its work up with its European counterpart, CENELEC. This joint committee was called JPEL 64. JPEL stands for Joint Power and Electrical, and number 64 was handed out by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) – the international body that sets global Standards. And yes, we should perhaps remember that the IET Wiring Regulations are the basis of an industry Standard but despite the name, they are not legislation. Today’s electrical sector Much of today’s electrotechnical sector is largely unrecognisable compared to 1992, let alone 1882. Recent, new and often advanced technology like surge protection, arc fault detection, electric vehicle charging, prosumer installations, smart building control systems, LED dimming, systems integration and much more, mean that the job of today’s electrician is far more diverse, and often more complex, than it once was. Electrotechnical technology continues

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to evolve, and electricians and other electrotechnical contractors need to keep up-to-date with the changes. At the same time, the increased scope of electrotechnical equipment and new descriptions of good practice need to be reflected in the IET Wiring Regulations, with an increase in the frequency of updates, along with a significant increase in pages. Writing a new Regulation There are several stages in the development of a new wiring regulation or Amendment. First, the IEC will set a global Standard in response to emerging technologies, good or best practice, or safety considerations. This might refer to, say, the installation of a new type of solar PV panel, for example. Once a standard has been agreed at the global level, it is handed to regional area committees, such as Europe, Australasia, and North America, to be tweaked and refined for each region. When a new global standard reaches CENELEC – which represents Europe (including the UK) – it is presented as a Harmonised Document, or HD. HDs are closely scrutinised by a range of industry stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers and/or trade bodies such as ECA). They are then made publicly available for a set length of time, to allow anyone to submit their comments. This is the Draft for Public Comment (DPC) stage, and one of ECA’s key functions is to gather Members’ views on any proposed changes to the Regulations, and present them to JPEL 64, where ECA can additionally present views from our industry. For many years, ECA Members’ comments have been directly responsible for improving the IET Wiring Regulations and ensuring that BS 7671 remains a practical and workable document, to the benefit of both customers and contractors.

Once a DPC closes, CENELEC considers all the comments and drafts a final version of the HD. Once the HD is published, JPEL/64 usually has three years to implement the technical intent of the HD and withdraw any conflicting content as a new Edition or Amendment to the Wiring Regulations. But’s that’s not the end – newly drafted Regulations and Amendments then go back to the public for another round of comments – another DPC. ECA publicises these heavily to Members and provides extensive guidance on how best to submit comments. Once this DPC closes, the comments go to JPEL 64 for even further consideration and a final version of the new Edition or Amendment is drafted, and a date set for its publication. It is also worth noting that every British Standard, including BS 7671, must be reviewed (though not necessarily amended) every five years (as mandated by BS 0).

The four JPEL 64 sub-committees are: A: veriﬁcation B: thermal effects C: protection from shock D: external inﬂuence

What’s next for the 18th Edition? Amendment 1 to the 18th Edition, which concerns electric vehicle charge points, came into effect on 1 February 2020. A new set of changes – Amendment 2 (AMD 2) – is expected to be published in the

48 December 2021 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

ﬁrst half of 2022 (readers may recall the original DPC process for this Amendment closed in December 2020). The AMD 2 changes may include new requirements around: ● ●

● ●

● ● ●

Increased use of AFDDs Risk assessment for socket-outlets with RCDs Less paperwork for EICs Energy efficiency and prosumer installations Increased use of SPDs Foundation earthing Protected areas for ﬁre escape

Please note: these were some areas highlighted in the DPC in 2020, there is no guarantee that these will be in the finished publication in 2022. When AMD 2 is published next year, ECA will be hosting a series of nationwide roadshows featuring stage presentations and practical and authoritative guidance from our well-known and highly regarded Technical team. GET MORE AMD 2 SUPPORT AND ADVICE FROM THE ECA AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB032

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Working on your own? Need some technical advice? Don’t know where to turn? Ask Megger. What it doesn’t know about installing and testing electrical systems isn’t worth knowing. Every question will be answered by the Megger Technical Team, and the best will be published in Professional Electrician. So, take advantage of the ‘every question answered’ guarantee today. email your questions to: meggermeasures@hamerville.co.uk

You ask: I’M LOOKING FOR A DISTANCE METER THAT’S EASY TO OPERATE AND DOESN’T HAVE LOTS OF BUTTONS. IT NEEDS TO HAVE A DECENT MAXIMUM RANGE FOR WHEN I’M WORKING ON COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL JOBS. WHAT DO YOU SUGGEST?

Megger says: We think you’ll find that the new Megger MLM50 Laser Distance Meter is exactly what you’re looking for. It’s compact and easy to use with very simple one-button operation – you just push the button to make a measurement. It’s designed for indoor and outdoor use and can make fast, reliable measurements. It will also calculate areas and volumes automatically. The MLM50 has a maximum range of 50 metres so it’s suitable for almost any application an electrical contractor would be involved in. A very useful extra is that it can store the last 20 readings, so you don’t need to keep jotting down your measurements with a paper and pen, and it stores the results even if you remove or replace the batteries. The MLM50 has a shock-resistant IP54 protective case, sure-click buttons, backlit display, a built-in spirit level and it even comes with a soft carry pouch for added protection, that has a belt loop. We’re sure you’ll find that it’s a very handy addition to your toolkit! GET MORE PRODUCT DETAILS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB033 50 December 2021 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

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Technical & training

TAKING THE PLUNGE Richard Townsend, Technical Development Engineer at NAPIT, takes a detailed look at BS 7671: 2018, Section 702 on swimming pools and other basins.

o, why are swimming pools classed as a special location? Despite what many would see as an obvious risk potential, swimming pools, or any similar basin, are seen as a special location for one main reason, namely the ability of the human body to conduct electricity more efficiently when it is wet.

So, when we’re wet, our resistance to current flow is reduced, by our emergence in water, the risk of coming into contact with an Earth potential is increased and the likelihood of receiving a fatal shock if we did so, is also. It is now clear why swimming pools and other basins have specific electrical installation requirements.

It's all about the Zones Section 702 has Zones allocated to various areas of a swimming pool or basin. Each Zone has a higher level of safety required, which carries with it restrictions as to the supply voltage and equipment allowed. Zones for a swimming pool are: ● Zone 0 ● Zone 1 ● Zone 2 These Zones are better understood by the example pool layout seen in Fig 1. Zone 0 Zone 0 is the most onerous of the Zones and will generally contain the water element of a swimming pool along with its encapsulating walls. It includes water jets or any other similar features that may form part of a swimming pool. Zone 1 Zone 1 generally consists of the area

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Volume Zone 1 Volume Zone 2

Volume Zone 0

Volume Zone 2

Volume Zone 0

* The dimensions are measured taking account of walls and ﬁxed partitions

Fig 2: Example of Zones in a free-standing swimming pool directly associated with the use of the pool. It is indicated by the following distances: ●

●

2.0 m from the basin section of the pool (any paddling area is considered to be a basin) 2.5 m above the basin or any other part of the pool or its associated ﬁxtures

The term 'ﬁxtures' refer to: ● ● ●

Chutes Diving boards or platforms Anything expected to be used or occupied by persons

When the pool is not in use, other supplies may be used for specialist cleaning equipment, such as: (i) SELV – with the source installed outside Zones 0, 1 and 2, unless the circuit is protected by an RCD to Regulation 415.1.1, it can be located in Zone 2 (ii) ADS – using an RCD in accordance with 415.1.1 (iii) Electrical Separation – in accordance with Section 413, supplying only one item of equipment is installed outside Zones 0, 1 and 2, unless the circuit is protected by an RCD to Regulation 415.1.1, located in Zone 2.

Zone 2 Zone 2 is less onerous than Zones 0 and 1. It is generally an area 1.5 m from the edge of Zone 1, up to a height of 2 m. What's in a Zone? The Zones have different risks associated with them. We can now see which equipment and wiring systems can be used in each of them. Zone 0 If the pool is in use, only Separated Extra Low Voltage (SELV) supplies with a voltage not exceeding 12 V AC RMS or 30 V ripple-free DC should be used. The source for this type of supply must be located outside of Zones 0, 1 and 2.

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Points (i) and (ii) allow for more traditional power supplies; however, any socket-outlets or their controls for these purposes must be clearly labelled. Regulation 702.512.2 states equipment must be IPX8 rated and specifically designed for use in a swimming pool, in accordance with Regulation 702.55.1. Switchgear, control gear and junction boxes, or socket-outlets of any nature cannot be installed in Zone 0. Only wiring systems for equipment intended for Zone 0 should be located in Zone 0. All extraneous-conductive-parts must be connected by supplementary bonding to the protective conductors of equipment with exposed-conductive-parts situated in all three Zones, as called for by Regulation 702.415.2. So, when considering your electrical designs, Zone 0 has very restrictive requirements. Zone 1 It is essentially the same as Zone 0, with the following ‘relaxations’: Zone 1 equipment must be a minimum of IPX4 rated, or IPX5 if water jets are likely for cleaning, as stated in Regulation 702.512.2. Also, it should be specifically designed for use in a swimming pool, in accordance with Regulation 702.55.1. Junction boxes for SELV circuits and only wiring systems for equipment to be used in can be installed in Zone 1. Zone 2 The restrictions are as Zones 0 and 1 with the following exceptions: In Zone 2, all equipment must meet IPX2 rating for indoor pools and IPX4 rating for outdoor pools, or IPX5 rating where water jets will likely be used for cleaning, as stated in Regulation 702.512.2. There are no restrictions for it being specifically designed for Zone 2; however, it would be wise to use pool specifically designed equipment where it is available. Voltage sources restrictions remain the same as the other two Zones. Switchgear, control gear and junction boxes, or socket-outlets can be installed in Zone 2, provided they’re supplied by one of the methods allowed for the other two Zones.

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Is that it? Section 702 is one of the larger sections of Part 7 and includes other areas to consider, which were more than this article could cover. Fountains are also covered in Section 702, but there’s no Zone 2 in a fountain, and there are some other restrictions on equipment types for them, specifically the mechanical protection of luminaires and a specific standard for pumps (BS EN 60335-2-41). Also, remember where designers put pools in areas where either heights or perimeter distances cannot achieve the minimum Zones. There are caveats regarding luminaires, their supplies, and where they can be mounted in these cases. Likewise, where there is no Zone 2 of a pool (by design), socket-outlets and switches may be placed in Zone 1 with a minimum distance of 1.25 m from Zone 0 and with a minimum height restriction of 0.3 m above the floor. Free-standing structures are generally an addition to existing installations, where a sunken basin is not possible or where a pool may be above ground level. Although the Zones are the same, they may take on individual nuances due to quirky designs that need careful consideration. Fig. 2 gives an example of free-standing pool zones. Swimming pools notoriously carry a high maintenance price tag, both in equipment and labour costs. Given the corrosive nature of the chemicals and products used in their upkeep, the presence of these products in the air, and humidity associated with pool rooms, requires equipment maintenance to be both regular and stringent. When carrying out an EICR, extra thought needs to be given to the sample rate of accessories that have or could have been exposed to these corrosive effects. Complete dissolution of copper conductors and components in socket-outlets and other accessories due to corrosion is common, even in equipment designed to be IP rated for wet areas. Any maintenance and/or replacement of lifecycle expired equipment needs to be carefully chosen and installed to ensure safety during use and maximum service life. Recommendations Given the very specific requirements for swimming pools, the best advice is to tackle designing or carrying out an EICR on them if you are competent and have experience. If anything is missed or not adequately catered for, the potential for harm is high, and swimming pools should be dealt with cautiously. A Risk Assessment should always be carried out prior to any work on or around a swimming pool. Advice on risk assessments can be found in NAPIT’s Risk Assessment and Management Code of Practice, which is available as an electronic book. GET MORE DETAILS ON PURCHASING THE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT CODE OF PRACTICE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB034 FOR MORE INFORMATION ON NAPIT SCHEME REGISTRATION, VISIT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB035

THE TRAINING GROUND I keep hearing that the Experienced Worker Assessment is an easy route to gaining a gold card – is this right? It’s not fair on those who have earned their qualifications the 'proper' way if others can cut corners. We're pleased to be able to set the record straight on this question – the Experienced Worker Assessment is certainly not an ‘easy route’. It mirrors the electrical apprenticeship and covers the same level of performance that apprentices must achieve, so both experienced workers and new entrants are being assessed to the same standard. You'll need to have been working in the industry for typically five years to have gained the sufficient experience to complete the assessment. First, you need to gain an accredited industry qualification. Part of this qualification involves six Level 3 performance units, where you must be assessed in your workplace to demonstrate that your work meets the industry standard. If you don’t already hold them, you'll also need the 18th Edition Wiring Regulations and the Level 3 award in Initial Verification. Once these three elements are successfully completed and you have gained the Experienced Worker qualification, then you must take the AM2E assessment. You cannot just do the AM2E in isolation, you must have gained the Experienced Worker qualification first. If you've already achieved the AM2 in the past, this will be taken into account and you can take a bridging unit instead of the full assessment. As you can see from the process explained here, the Experienced Worker Assessment is a comprehensive assessment route to ensure the candidates meet an industry benchmark – anyone who does not have the right level of knowledge and practical skills would not meet the standard or complete the assessment.

GET MORE INFORMATION ON THE EXPERIENCED WORKER ASSESSMENT AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB036

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Dr. Zzeus

IN THIS REGULAR COLUMN, ‘DR. ZZEUS’ TOM BROOKES, md of zzeus training and CHAIRMAN OF THE FSA, WILL ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS RELATED TO FIRE SAFETY COMPLIANCE. Q. I am getting a little confused with the BS 5839-6 grades and categories. The Client has asked for a Grade D1 LD1 system? BS 5839-6:2019+A1:2020 is the latest version of the Part 6: Code of practice for the design, installation, commissioning and maintenance of fire detection and fire alarm systems in domestic premises. In Part 6 Grade and Category are split into two parts and this is the first thing to understand. If you think of Grades as types of system, and Category as areas to be covered, it makes it easier. Clause 7 in the document deals with the Grades of system. Grade A: A fire detection and fire alarm system, which incorporates Control Indicating Equipment (CIE) conforming to BS EN 54 2 and power supply equipment conforming to BS EN 54 4, and which is designed and installed in accordance with all the recommendations of BS 5839 1:2017, Section 1 to Section 4 (generally speaking, a full part 1 fire alarm with a few differences such as sound levels, deaf and hard of hearing sections etc.) Grade B: Not currently defined. Grade C: A system of fire detectors and alarm sounders which may be combined units connected to a common power supply, comprising the normal mains and a standby supply, with central control equipment. Grade D1: A system of one or more mains-powered detectors, each with a tamper-proof standby battery. Grade D2: A system of one or more

mains-powered detectors, each with an integral standby supply consisting of a user-replaceable battery or batteries. Grade E: Not currently defined. Grade F1: A system of one or more battery-powered detectors powered by a tamper-proof primary battery. Grade F2: A system of one or more battery-powered detectors powered by a user-replaceable primary battery. (Basic DIY type) Clause 8 lists the Categories of system (areas to have detection) Category LD1: The system detection should be installed throughout the premises, in all areas that are part of the escape routes, and in all rooms and areas, other than those with insignificant causes of ignition, such as toilets, bathrooms and shower rooms. Category LD2: The system detection should be installed throughout the premises, in all areas that are part of the escape routes, and in all rooms or areas that present a high fire risk, including any kitchen and the primary habitable room such as the lounge. Category LD3: The system detectors should be installed in all areas that form part of the escape routes from the premises, such as hallways and landings. Types of buildings covered by BS 5839-6:2019 Applies to configurations of domestic premises, such as bungalows, multi-storey houses, individual flats and maisonettes, mobile homes, holiday homes, sheltered housing, mansions,

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shared houses and houses divided into several self contained single family dwelling units. Types of buildings not covered by BS 5839-6: 2019 It does not apply to hostels, caravans or boats (other than permanently moored boats used solely as residential premises), or to the communal parts of blocks of ﬂats or maisonettes. It does not apply to any premises used for purposes other than as domestic premises (e.g. small shops, factories or similar premises used solely as places of work). Aico has some superb guides on its website to help you better understand BS 5839-6 systems. So, to answer the original question, the D1 LD1 system asked for is mains powered detectors with tamper-proof batteries, installed in all areas except the bathrooms and shower rooms.

DO YOU HAVE A QUESTION YOU'D LIKE ANSWERED? EMAIL YOUR QUERIES TO: TOM@ZZEUS.ORG.UK GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT ZZEUS TRAINING AND THE RANGE OF COURSES ON OFFER AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB037

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TECHNICAL & TRAINING

Darren Staniforth, Head of Technical Engagement at Scolmore Group takes a look at how the consumer unit (and in particular, the devices within them) are continuing to evolve to meet future requirements.

or many years consumer units, which house essential circuit protection for domestic installations, have been fundamentally the same. Combining a main switch with a bus bar plus neutral and earth bars, the components of the consumer unit really haven’t changed that much. The devices within the units, however, have undergone almost constant change over the years. Advances in technology and manufacturing have brought about new methods of offering automatic disconnection of supply, short circuit protection and over current protection. Improvements in manufacturing has ensured that today, these operations are offered by one common device. With protection against over voltage and arc fault taking centre stage recently, we need to look at how we can combine these devices to offer the maximum level of protection to the end users of our installations well into the future. Surge protection Surge protection came into the UK wiring regulations many years after some of the continental European countries had

EVOLUTION OF THE CONSUMER UNIT mandated them. This saw manufacturers try to apply the solutions they were using in Europe to meet the needs of the UK market. Although our consumer units are fundamentally the same as our European counterparts, there were some teething problems in the beginning. When first introduced, there wasn’t much mention of the need to coordinate them with an over current protective device. The next amendment to the wiring regulations saw changes that ensured designers and installers protected the Surge Protection Device with an appropriate over current device. Some manufacturers then took it upon themselves to engineer their SPDs to incorporate over current protection or to offer it via a separate device.

At the moment choosing either of these solutions results in the loss of two outgoing ways within the consumer unit for many manufacturers. The race is now on to engineer a combined device that only occupies one outgoing way. AFDDs Arc Fault Detection Devices are due to become commonplace, if, as we believe, the proposed changes to the wiring regulation make it through to the next amendment, which is due for publication in March 2022. Currently BS 7671 only recommends their use. However, we've seen a number of early adopters embrace the technical merits of these devices and offer them to their clients. We've also had report of

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TECHNICAL & TRAINING

clients asking for them until they realise the cost of the device. The current high cost of these means they are not a viable option for everyone. We also saw this problem when RCBOs were first introduced. It is believed that AFDDs will be required for a number of final circuits supplying socket outlets. If this is the case, electrical installers will need to discuss the financial implications with their clients. Currently it is possible to enclose the AFDD technology within the same housing of many RCBOs. Many manufacturers have aimed to do this in a one module device. The challenge for manufacturers was to keep the device height low enough to allow for the installation of cables above the device once it was installed. RCDs RCDs have seen a number of physical changes over the years and we believe the biggest change to the technology is still yet to come. These protective devices have historically been of Type AC and were perfect for the older style installations with mostly resistive loads connected. This would have looked like tungsten filament lights, plus resistive heating elements for heating and cooking. In today’s world where gadgets are commonplace and lighting is mostly LED, we need an RCD that will continue to work with a small amount of residual DC present due to the connected loads. If the DC was allowed to sit

across a Type AC device the direct current could stop the device working within its maximum time as permitted by the UK regulations. It is understood that direct current can create DC blinding of the AC type RCD. The importance of selecting the right RCD This is why it is very important to select the most appropriate RCD to meet the need of the installation. Instrument manufacturers used this blinding effect to their advantage in the past when they wanted to gain a Zs reading without the protective device tripping. More and more manufacturers of electrical appliances are recommending a higher type of RCD to protect their appliance, such as type F or type B. With the majority of installers questioned conﬁrming that they have opted to install RCBOs, we know that the problems related to selectivity of devices will be reduced. Designers must ensure that the types of RCDs selected will ensure that DC sensitive devices will not be compromised by the DC present downstream. Currently type F and type B devices are hard to come by, but that could change if demand increases. Having more types of RCDs/RCBOs available will result in the designer needing to take note when using these different devices in one installation.

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We have chosen to only make Type A devices available in the new Elucian range of circuit protection. This has caught a few contractors out as they are relying on their old testers to test the new devices. A Type A device must be tested differently from the older style Type AC. Those that have not changed the settings on their test instrument to the new type have reported receiving high readings, very close to the maximum allowed. Others have reported the devices failed to disconnect within 40ms. Our technical support team have been able to help installers and testers by talking them through the steps to change the settings on the test instrument. The immediate future of our protective devices is almost mapped out, and the next amendment to the wiring regulations will conﬁrm what electrical designers and installers need to do to comply. However, as we move toward a prosumer future, the consumer unit that we understand today may look very different if we start to incorporate many of the renewable and energy efficiency devices we will be encouraged to include in future installations. As a result, the small consumer unit may be a thing of the past. VIEW THE NEW ELUCIAN PRODUCT BROCHURE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB038

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LICENSE TO THRIVE

mart home device adoption is exploding with products ranging from smart light bulbs and switches to sophisticated security and sensor-based alert systems. Widespread adoption will be dependent on licensed electricians trained in the interoperability and speciﬁcs of major brands. Greater smart home adoption Smart home adoption in Europe and the UK is edging closer to the US. Market indicators include the UK surpassing the US in smart speaker adoption in 2021, with 38% of UK homes having installed a smart speaker versus 30% in 2020. IDC’s Smart Home and Office Devices team recently concluded that smart home and office tech will be driven by services more than hardware features and reliability. This forecast denotes the fact that smart home adoption in the UK and around the globe is going to be driven by services and exceedingly dependent on licensed electricians who are trained in the installation, repair, maintenance, and interoperability of smart home and office devices. Major brands such as Google Nest, Apple, Amazon Alexa, Ring, Netatmo, and

Logitech have deep market penetration in the UK and are clamouring for licensed electricians to grow their brands. Amazon Key for Business was recently launched and is actively recruiting electricians. Creating a false sense of DIY security Installations such as Phillips Hue smart lightbulbs can lead the consumer into a bit of a false sense of DIY security – for the most part when one or two devices are installed in a home or business, such as a smart bulb or switch, things may be just ﬁne. However, when introducing a digital assistant and additional devices such as thermostats, locks, or alarm devices, the level of automation becomes exponentially more complex and requires a licensed professional who can install and integrate the devices into one seamless system. Major brands rely on professional installation to ensure that their products will work as designed and that interoperability issues will be managed by someone with deep experience. The consumer doesn’t care why Nest doesn’t work with Ring, they just want their technology to work.

Chris Viatte, CEO and founder of technical support specialists Mila, looks at the reasons why licensed electricians will be at the forefront of driving smart home adoption in the UK. Global brands rely on trusted professionals Licensed professionals are also a trusted source for residential and commercial customers when it comes to sales consultations of major brands. Their experience places them in a unique position with an ability to evaluate each customer’s situation and make the best recommendations, especially with interoperability issues. Brands are launching programmes with installation bonuses and sales incentives. Many of these incentive programmes can be lucrative for an electrical business – there are no acquisition costs, payment is guaranteed, and scheduling is ﬂexible to ensure established customer accounts are not impacted. The complexity of connecting multiple devices with proper automisation cannot be minimised either. Even when initiatives such as MATTER – driven by the Zigbee Alliance – are fully adopted, brands will still rely on licensed professionals trained in the speciﬁcs of each brand to drive consumer adoption and brand favourability.

GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT MILA AND ITS RANGE OF SERVICES AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB039

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PRODUCTS & BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

Brett Smyth, General Manager EMEA at IDEAL Industries, discusses the company’s tool bag range and why it's so important to choose the correct transport and storage option.

STORE AND ORDER

aking sure you have the right tools and equipment on hand when you need them on-site is fundamental to making safe and efficient progress on a project. Tools tossed in the back of a van or left lying around can easily go missing, get dirty or become damaged, which can lead to wasted time, issues around making do with the wrong equipment and the expense of replacing misplaced or damaged tools. The answer to all of this is to invest in a tool bag, pouch or backpack that is speciﬁcally designed for electricians. IDEAL Industries has a range of bags available to suit varying requirements, developed following extensive user research and made with all the quality, durability and functionality you’d expect from the brand.

Backpacks A backpack is an ideal alternative to the traditional tool bag, providing both storage and easy transportation of tools, with even weight distribution and hands-free carrying.

The IDEAL Pro Series Tool Backpack range includes both a single compartment and a dual compartment model, with a host of common features that illustrate an understanding of the practicalities of working on-site. Made from durable, tear-resistant fabric, both models have padded straps to provide extra comfort when carrying the backpack and a robust, moulded plastic base to ensure the bag can be set down without risking punctures or snagging. Both models are compact and lightweight and can be zipped fully open and laid ﬂat on the ﬂoor, bench or hoist for use as a tool store while working. Each contains multiple tiered pockets designed to enable organisation of tools and ease of access to the right tool at the right time – a perfect solution for electricians that like a place for everything and everything in its place! All IDEAL Pro Series Tool Backpacks also include useful features such as a water bottle holder and a hard, protective case for a mobile phone or sunglasses.

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Both models have also been packed with useful little features designed to make life easier, such as a tape chain and tape measure clip and a pocket speciﬁcally designed for holding a ﬁsh tape. The product is available with a dedicated pocket designed for the user to carry a laptop or tablet with segregation between the electronic device and tool storage. It is also useful to be able to carry a portable device alongside tools for any

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PRIZE DRAW

electricians involved in programming of smart buildings, fire alarms or control systems etc. Tool carrying options For more traditional tool carrying, IDEAL Industries also has a range of three large mouth bags in 13”, 16” and 18” variants, each with a detachable shoulder strap for easy carrying. Featuring many of the same useful touches as the backpacks, including the tape chain, tape measure clip and hard sunglasses/phone case, the IDEAL Pro Series Large Mouth Bags have a top that opens completely and is reinforced to hold itself open for easy access to large tools. The 13” model has 20 pockets, while the two larger models each have 26 pockets and side pull straps for ease of transport. For those who prefer a pouch that can be carried to the work area from their van, the IDEAL Pro Series range also includes tool carriers with many of the same useful features. The IDEAL Pro Series Premium Tool Carrier is available in two sizes, with 32 or 34 pockets, and offers a sturdy and lightweight design for organising and transporting tools with a variety of internal and external pockets for flexible tool storage. The range also includes a variety of tool pouches and an adjustable tool belt which is compatible with any pouch in the range. With the Premium Tool Pouch, Electrical Supplies Pouch, Compact Tool Pouch, Service Pouch and a variety of Flat and Stand Up Zipper Pouches to choose from, there is the right combination of practical tool transportation and storage for any electrician – from large-scale commercial contracting to domestic installation and maintenance. A tool in its own right Tool carrying equipment is not just an accessory but an essential piece of kit in itself. On-site, there is no time for rummaging around in a bag for the right tool; it needs to be at the electrician’s fingertips and stored in its proper place when not in use. The IDEAL Pro Series tool bag range has been designed with these principles in mind.

GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT THE IDEAL PRO SERIES TOOL BAG RANGE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB040

W IN WIN A FANTASTIC IDEAL PRO SERIES BACKPACK! One lucky winner will get their hands on the IDEAL Pro Series Dual Compartment Tool Backpack (tools not included).

he IDEAL Pro Series Dual Compartment Tool Backpack provides a storage and transport solution for any professional tradesperson. The versatile design includes two compartments that can open to a lay-flat position for flexible use on the floor, bench or hoist. The backpack has an abundance of interior and exterior organisational pockets, an integrated drill holster as well as dedicated space for a laptop and/or tablet. The protective phone/glasses case safeguards your most vulnerable items while on the job and the removable tool pouch and bit holder allow for extra versatility and storage. Exterior pockets include a large double slotted front pocket that easily accommodates fish tapes, a water bottle carrier and a nickel-plated tape measure clip. The interior includes a wide variety of tiered pockets to hold screwdrivers, meters, bit holders, power drills, etc. The rugged moulded bottom is designed to hold up in harsh environments. Key features: ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

18 total pockets Moulded plastic bottom for durability Fish tape holder Hard protective phone/sunglasses case Padded straps for added comfort Includes tape chain and tape measure clip Drill holster, removable tool pouch and laptop/tablet pocket

HOW TO ENTER TO ENTER THE FREE PRIZE DRAW TO WIN THE IDEAL PRO SERIES BACKPACK, SIMPLY FILL OUT THE CONTACT FORM AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB041 Deadline for entries: 10/01/2022. Usual T&Cs apply. PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN December 2021 61

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PRODUCTS & BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

GOING TO THE EXTREME

For its spectacularly challenging motorsport series, Extreme E is counting on Bosch Professional equipment to beat the elements and keep the events moving. We find out how the tools have coped in the most extreme of environments.

otorsport fans are used to roaring combustion engines and screeching wheels on blazing tarmac, but with Extreme E ‘X Prix’ races the action takes place in the wild. Extreme E is the world’s ﬁrst off-road series to race 100% electric SUVs in the most remote parts of the world. In this, its inaugural season, Extreme E will take nine teams to the ends of the earth to raise awareness of climate change challenges. Together with the event crew, they've faced the desert in Saudi Arabia (Desert X Prix), the salt beds in Senegal (Ocean X Prix), the frozen ocean in Greenland (Arctic X Prix) and, most recently, rocky riverbeds in Sardinia (Island X Prix), with the ﬁnal race taking place on the Jurassic coast in The UK (Jurassic X Prix). As official power tool supplier, Bosch Professional has been with them all the way.

E Event Manager, Kester Wilkinson. “We need tools that can cope with everything from the sand and dust in Saudi Arabia to the cold, wind and rain in Greenland.” With no easy access to replacement tools in the wilderness, Extreme E has no margin for error – so durability is vital. “Unless you have reliable, durable products, there’s no point bringing them,” says Production Crew member, Dougie Dale. Although spare tools have been included in case of breakage, there has

Ready for action - whatever the conditions “We work in some of the most aggressive environments in the world,” says Extreme

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been no need to use them. “If a tool breaks, we need to have another one,” adds Dougie, “but our Bosch tools aren't breaking. We have spares, but they’re still in the box.” Ultimate performance, maximum freedom At the heart of the Extreme E toolkit is a collection of Bosch Professional BITURBO tools, powered by the Bosch ProCORE18V Professional Battery System. BITURBO tools offer cordless freedom and

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convenience but deliver the same levels of power and performance as corded tools rated up to 1800W. They benefit from advanced brushless motors which are much more powerful, energy efficient and longer lasting than the alternatives. The same can be said for Bosch ProCORE18V batteries, which combine with BITURBO tools to maximise each other’s performance. A key result of this is longer runtime between charges. When the power eventually runs out, full compatibility between Bosch Professional 18V tools, batteries and chargers enables quick and flexible swapping and charging. Amongst those Bosch products is the world’s fastest 18V charger. The Bosch Professional BITURBO range includes combis, drill drivers, impact wrenches, rotary hammers, saws, angle grinders and more. No power grid, no problem Of all the equipment supplied by Bosch Professional, its cordless tools are the most valuable on-site. “We need tools that are reliable and can be deployed really, really quickly,” says Kester. “Most of the Bosch tools we have are cordless, which means we can get them out of their boxes and use them straight away. The batteries are interchangeable, so we can just pick up a battery from one tool and put it on another.” Given the remoteness of its locations, Extreme E has to build sites from scratch – often without any power grid. “Obviously, having batteries that charge up and last is fantastic, because we have very little mains power out here,” says Dougie. “It’s not like you can just plug a circular saw into a socket and start cutting. You need battery power, because we work in places where there’s no mains power.” In fact, as Extreme E travels from location to location on board the St Helena, a refurbished passenger-cargo ship, the batteries need to hold their charge in storage for over a month through aggressive marine environments – and be ready for immediate use upon arrival. Easy mobility After each race, the Extreme E crew has to pack up 50 containers’ worth of equipment, charge the tools and start planning for the next destination. “When the weekend’s racing is over, we need to break all the site facilities down on the Sunday night, put everything back onto the ship, and go,” says Kester. “Confidence that our tools will work when we get them out in more than a month's time is absolutely essential. We’re delighted we have Bosch Professional tools which make that possible.” WATCH A SUPPORTING VIDEO OF THE TOOLS IN ACTION AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB042

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THE PROTECTIVE ‘BUBBLE’

Pauline Weisser, Application Development Specialist at DuPont Personal Protection, examines the key steps to selecting arc ﬂash-resistant clothing and how double-faced fabrics – the so-called “bubble-effect” technology – can help.

n arc ﬂash, also known as electric arc, is a non-contact short circuit occurring between two conductors such as busbars or cables. The outcome is a plasma ﬁreball that can reach temperatures of up to 20,000°C and ignite a worker’s clothes, even at a distance. An electric arc can be caused by faulty electrical equipment due to incorrect installation, dust, corrosion, surface impurities, or wear and tear. However, human error remains the most common cause of short circuits. The consequences for workers can be life-changing, ranging from severe external and internal burns to fatal injuries. Workers may also be exposed to toxic hot gases and vaporised metal and suffer eye

injuries due to the ultraviolet light generated. Providing them with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is therefore essential. Arc flash risk is here to stay Arc flashes continue to pose a significant risk to workers. According to the latest Eurostat figures, over 76,000 workers in Europe suffered injuries due to “contact with electrical voltage” in 2018. Arc flash incidents can also have far-reaching financial consequences for the employer. In May 2021, the main UK rail infrastructure provider was fined nearly £700,000 after a worker suffered third-degree and mixed depth burns due to an electrical arc. Arc flash risk may become even more widespread due to the growing renewable energy sector.

Like other electrical applications, the installation and maintenance of renewable energy generators such as solar panels and wind turbines inevitably present arc flash hazards, as do battery energy storage systems. The 4 Ps of arc flash protection: why PPE is so critical Conducting a thorough workplace risk assessment is key to protecting workers against arc flashes. This is known as the 4P Methodology, which involves four key steps: 1. Predicting the severity of the arc flash 2. Preventing damage through hazard mitigation 3. Protecting workers from any residual hazard

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4. Publishing the results. As the last line of defence against arc flash injuries, PPE such as protective clothing has a vital role to play in the 4P Methodology. Ensuring that the equipment is compliant with the latest standards is paramount. Know your arc flash protection standards There are different standards to bear in mind when selecting arc flash-protective clothing, which vary from region to region. To meet these minimum standards, a fabric must be flame-resistant and guarantee protection against electric arcs by preventing ignition. In Europe, the main standards to look out for are: 1. IEC 61482-1-1:2019: Live working Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an electric arc - Part 1-1: Test methods - Method 1: Determination of the arc rating of clothing materials and protective clothing using an open arc. 2. IEC 61482-2:2018: Live working Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an electric arc - Part 2: Requirements. Another important thermal protection standard to bear in mind is EN ISO 11612: 2015 (Protective clothing — Clothing to protect against heat and flame — Minimum performance requirements). Some manufacturers of protective clothing perform additional testing to provide an even higher level of protection. These tests measure the amount of transferred energy using an instrumented manikin, as specified by ISO 13506-1:2017. This provides an accurate assessment of the performance of clothing when exposed to short-duration flame engulfment. What to look for in protective clothing The number one characteristic to look for in arc flash protection garments is the ability to prevent ignition by carbonising and thickening when exposed to intense heat. This way, the fabric acts as a protective barrier between the heat source and the skin, protecting the worker

against burns. There are also other important considerations, including: Built-in inherent thermal protection: look for durable fabrics that maintain their heat resistance over time even after having been washed repeatedly. Multi-hazard protection: depending on the application, fabrics that integrate multiple layers of protection, including resistance to heat, flame, and molten metal splashes, are the optimal choice. Comfort: fatigue is a leading cause of injuries so always ensure that your arc flash-protective clothing offers a good level of comfort with lightweight and highly breathable fabrics. Durability: some of the latest arc flash-resistant fabrics provide greater breaking strength than traditional flame-resistant-treated cotton. What is the bubble effect? One of the latest innovations in arc flash protection is the development of double-faced fabrics, also known as “bubble-effect” technology. When these materials are exposed to heat, air bubbles form inside the internal layer insulating the

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wearer against electric arcs. This innovative design achieves best-in-class heat resistance without compromising on comfort. When compared to a conventional fabric with the same material composition and weight, a double-faced fabric exhibits superior electric arc flash protection. When tested according to IEC 61482-1-1, a double-faced fabric displays an ATPV (Arc Thermal Performance Value) between 16 and 19 cal/cm2, which is more than double the ATPV of an equivalent conventional fabric (7.2 cal/cm2).9 Summary Arc flashes continue to pose a threat to workers across many industries. The current trend towards electrification means that, potentially, even more workers will be exposed to this risk in the coming years. Protective clothing is key to keeping workers safe from the risks associated with electric arcs. Double-faced fabrics are proving the optimal choice for arc flash protection. They deliver enhanced heat and flame resistance without compromising on comfort. GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT DUPONT'S RANGE OF ARC FLASH PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB043

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PRODUCTS & BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

BUILD YOUR FAN CLUB

Lee Warren, Sales Director at Manrose, shares some tips to help ensure customers give you a top review rating when installing a bathroom fan.

ustomers will form an impression of you right from the beginning. Whether that’s talking to you on the phone or visiting your website, electricians who provide a professional, efficient response will be one step closer to that 5-star review. Once you’ve secured the job, remember that being tidy is highly valued, as well as good time-keeping and being polite, reliable and efficient. But what else should electricians consider in order to keep customers happy and impressed with a job well done? When it comes to installing a bathroom fan selecting the right product is key. Here are five fan features which should help you gain a high five from customers:

1. Ultra-low sounds levels Households are increasingly demanding quiet products for a peaceful home

environment. Silence is an important comfort issue for homes, with loud extractor fans a key source of nuisance noise. Electricians know well that one of the biggest complaints they hear from customers is noisy bathroom fans. Quiet fans are therefore a great opportunity to keep customers happy. A good place to start is to check the sound level in decibels [dB(A)]. Fortunately, there are now fans on the market that are whisper quiet, such as Manrose’s Quiet Fan X5 which operates as low as just 25dB(A). 2. Good looks Most people have spent a lot of time at home over the last 18 months and instead of going on holidays or evenings out, many have taken to improving their homes with the money saved. According to the Checkatrade Home Pride Index 2021, British homeowners spent an average of £2,608 on home improvements in 2020 – up 15%, or £338, compared to 2019.

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With a new bathroom high on the wish list, the aesthetics of everything is key. Not all bathroom fans look the same so electricians who give their customers a choice of style will score extra points. For example, the Manrose Quiet Fan X5 is available in an attractive tiled version that will look good in any bathroom. Alternatively, there is also an open grille option. 3. Reliability Installing reliable products is key – customers don't want to call back electricians and electricians don't want to be called back. Not only does this waste valuable time and money, it also means your reputation can take a real hit. Fewer call backs mean better ratings so it makes sense to use products from a company renowned for its reliability, that offers a good length warranty and who manufacture fans that are built to last, such as Manrose. Look for fans that are made from high gloss ABS thermoplastics for strength and durability.

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4. Quick installation Customers will appreciate a quick fan install and an IPX5-rating (for Zone 1) makes ﬁtting the fan easier and safer, since the fan can be safely installed in the splash zone without the need for a low voltage transformer. This makes fans like the Quiet Fan X5 ideal for bathrooms and shower rooms of all sizes. A quick install also generally means less mess. 5. Energy efficient With energy prices rising, customers are going to be even more aware of running costs. Look for fans that use a low energy motor, like the Quiet Fan X5, which has a maximum consumption of 6W and a low SFP of 0.29w/l/s.

Having an energy efficient option like this is a great advantage for electricians and will be sure to impress customers. Meanwhile, its high quality, long-life motors are continuously rated and warranted for a minimum of 30,000 hours or three years. All these tips add up to a job well done and hopefully plenty of 5-star reviews. But don’t just wait for the reviews to come in – encourage your customers to give you a review. It’s helpful to get feedback and also a great way to secure future jobs. Installing a bathroom fan that’s quiet, attractive, reliable, easy to install and energy efficient is sure to help you in that process.

VIEW THE MANROSE FAN SELECTION GUIDE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB044

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PRODUCTS & BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

YOUR DRIVER IS HERE!

Following its successful launch as part of the Armeg range, we catch up with the inventor of the Roofing Bolt Driver, electrician John Mijalski. Q. Tell us a bit about yourself? I’m based in Hoddesdon in Hertfordshire and I’ve been working as an electrician for 25 years. The majority of electrical work has been commercial and industrial installations, but I do quite a lot of domestic work too! Q. When did you first come up with the idea to develop the Roofing Bolt Driver? I decided to create the driver when I snapped the corner off a flat head screwdriver in 2018. The other problems I faced were the time it was taking to tighten the bolts up and the flat head drivers not fitting properly. When working at height, which is often the case with cable management, you need things to be much easier. Q. What jobs and applications do you work on when using Roofing Bolts? The most common situation for me to use the gutter bolts/roof bolts are in commercial or industrial situations, where cable management trays are being used above suspended ceilings. I do this daily on industrial contracts and sometimes on commercial jobs in the initial stages of the installation. Q. How does the Roofing Bolt Driver help? It’s quicker and easier to locate on the bolt, plus it gets the bolts much tighter. Q. What process did you undertake to

bring the Roofing Bolt Driver to life? I wanted a male version of the female cross on the bolt head. After having a 3D version printed, I realised the user couldn’t locate it easily because the cross was not visible enough. I then thought of scribed lines on the outside to give it a reference, and this made things slightly easier. I also removed the side walls for a better physical view, without compromising the outer tips of the cross, under impact. I applied for a patent with the design, which had clarity for a detailed descriptive. While thinking of making a working prototype, and patent pending, I met Dean Butcher at the Armeg stall during a trade show in Birmingham. After a brief description of the tool and showing him a scruffy sketch, he gave me his card. Having had a difficult time trying to get a company using spark erosion to make a few one-off samples, I decided to visit a local engineering company and they eventually made me 20 blanks. I then took these to a spark erosion company who were very professional and ‘eroded the business end’ as I like to call it. Once I had the prototypes I then

contacted Dean, almost a year after we’d originally met. Q. Why did you choose Armeg as a partner? I chose Armeg because I like the brand’s products. I regularly use their holesaws, ¼” drive bit sets and HSS drills, so I wanted to set the standard high in terms of quality and looks. Q. What is your favourite feature of the Roofing Bolt Driver? The black ﬁnish really sets it off, especially with the Armeg laser etching. Also, the scallops make such a difference to the usability, and they look unique. GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT ARMEG’S ROOFING BOLT DRIVER AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB045

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Products IN PRACTICE

University sees ‘sensor’ in remodelled library A Berkshire university, which has been voted as one of the top 10 most popular green spaces in the UK, has installed new eco-friendly sensor-controlled lighting in its library as part of a £40million redevelopment. The library building at the University of Reading on the Whiteknights campus has undergone a major refurbishment and has had new LED lighting and lighting controls installed as part of its programme to close the book on energy wastage and improve upon its carbon footprint. The study spaces and furniture inside the library building, which was built in 1964 and extended in 1985, were revamped on some floors as part of the first phase of the redevelopment completed in 2014. Now the University has refurbished the remaining floors and put in place a more sustainable study environment by creating new heating and ventilation systems, replacement windows, cladding and roofing, in addition to the new lighting and controls. It aims to cut energy use by 40% and reduce carbon emissions by 30%. Lighting controls manufacturer B.E.G., an approved supplier at the University of Reading, created the lighting design for the library which included LED luminaries with compatible DALI controls. The LED lighting and controls were installed by Bracknell-based electrical contractors, Antham Electrical. B.E.G. Specification Director, Tom Greenrod, said: “The University of Reading was keen to have a lighting control system that staff could maintain and adjust themselves so we proposed our range of DALI broadcast sensors for this purpose. “The DALI master can be programmed with a dedicated handheld remote control or a universal Bluetooth remote using a smartphone and the BEG One App. The master can work in either presence mode which is selected by the dip switch or via the remote control.” He continued: “The master has its own power supply and intelligence and can control up to 50 DALI ballasts. To increase the detection range of the master, a slave sensor can be used which only detects movement. It is possible for up to eight slaves to be wired back to the master.

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“DALI luminaires were installed in the basement and, despite there being no natural daylight down there, the BEG DALI sensors meant the maximum light level could be adjusted to the required design level.” On upper floors of the library, B.E.G. used DALI broadcast master sensors in study rooms, offices, circulation areas and toilets. However, in the Library Cafe, which was made larger with a new outdoor dining area as part of the refurbishment, the University required scene control with eight scenes. B.E.G. recommended its DALI-LINK range as this offered DALI addressable lighting control. Each luminaire, sensor and control switch has its own unique address, and so can be configured to create user defined scenes. It also controllable via smartphone using the BEG App.

VIEW THE CONDENSED B.E.G. PRODUCT CATALOGUE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EAB046

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