Portfolio of Haoyuan Du 2021 by Oscar Du

PLACES FOR ACTIVITIES PORTFOLIO OF HAOYUAN DU SELECTED WORKS 2009-2020

Haoyuan Du Master Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences, TU Delft, Delft, the Netherlands BArch & MArch, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China EMAIL: mzidazoom@gmail.com

PLACES FOR ACTIVITIES

CONTENT SELECTED WORKS 2009-2020

01 THE HAGUE S, M, L Urban Places for Collective Activities

02 WAR WOUND Rural Place for Memorial Activities

A building should be a container of activities instead of a cold object without signs of life. Only being involved in certain activities can a building carry exact meaning. For me, the process of architectural design is not only giving form but also paying attention to people's need. So architects are supposed to make a space for individuals when they engage in activities that are derived from their need. In addition, fine architecture is always rooted in context, because political, social and historical context exert a indirect influence on the way we participate in activities.

03 CANAL RESURGENCE Riverside Place for Cultural Activities Activities

04 ELECTRIFYING ARENA Multifunctional Place for Public Activities

Finally, designing fine architecture is the process to link concept with practice. In order to encourage people to do activities in certain places, abstract concept has to be developed in detail and to be concrete in the end. This portfolio is my 10-year efforts of place-making for collective activities, memorial activities, cultural activities, public activities and temporary activities.

05 LIGHTED CUBE Tectonic Place for Temporary Activities

06 MOTIVATION & FINE ARTS

*Photo by Haoyuan Du

Preface & Content / 2

01 THE HAGUE: S, M, L

Urban Places for Collective Activities

It is pure coincidence that all my three graduate design projects are located in the same city: The Hague, because I chose my design studios where I had an interest, regardless of where the site is. These projects include a small coffeehouse in the historical center of The Hague(S), the adaptive reuse of a medium brutalism monument(M) and a large community center(L). This is the reason why I name this catologue 'The Hague: S, M, L'. Although their function range from private to public, the essence of these projects are the same: a space for living, sharing and well-being. Project 01 / 3

*Photo by Haoyuan Du

1.1 . THE HAGUE S - CITY BALCONY Meeting Places for Social Activities

MSC1 INTERIORS BUILDINGS CITIES DESIGN STUDIO 1st Semester of Graduate Studies at TUD Academic / Individual Work Size: 559m2 Location: The Hague, Netherlands Tutor:

Leontine de Wit, L.M.M.deWit@tudelft.nl Keimpke Zigterman, Keimpke@unknownarchitects.nl Duration: 2018/10-2019/1 Located in the historical center of The Hague, the Coffeehouse is a mix of Café and its owner's house. In order to deal with public and private parts, the placement of different programs has been well considered. And a rigid street facade has been designed to respond to its unique context. Project 1.1 / 4

COFFEEHOUSE AS A CAFE AND A HOUSE

The Coffeehouse is a place for discussion, a place where literature is written, political ideas are developed, social issues are discussed and deals are closed. A democratic place that is embedded in society. It can be found all over Europe since the 17th century and has played a significant role in the city. The project is housed in a building that has the lay-out and scale of an urban dwelling. It consists of rooms on different levels with varying characters. Part of the building will be in use by the owner of the coffeehouse and his/her family. *Left: Student Café, Hans Baumgartner, Zürich, 1963 *Right: Splügen Bräu Bar, Castiglioni brothers, Milano, 1961

SITE ANALYSIS

the Supreme Court

Placing the house to the rear and top of the building for a quiet environment, while the café has maximum exposure to the public.

Pushing the house's top volume back for avoiding passersby's view.

Creating a buffer zone between the café's ground floor and the street by shrinking its ground volume, which also connects the back alley with the street.

Pushing one side of the rear volume back in order to introduce sunshine to the housing program and the neighborhood.

Extruding part of the street facade to create a city balcony where people can have a panoramic view of Herengracht.

Responding to the context by following the grid of the street facades.

SITE PLAN

Ministry of Finance

Royal Theater

Prinsessegracht

The site is at the heart of The Hague - Den Haag Centraal Station is only 4-minute walk away from here. It is surrounded by several goverment office buildings, Royal Academy of Art and Royal Theater. The street in front of the site, Herengracht, is one of the important routes that connect Den Haag Centraal Station with the city center. Royal Academy of Art, The Hague

Mauritshuis

25 0

The Hague, Netherlands

Ministry of Education, Culture and Science

site 10

②

Den Haag Centraal

3F the house of Willem van Ruytenburch

①

Herengracht

office of BZ, IenW, IND, COA and DT&V Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment

Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport

Ministry of Justice and Security

① Café Entrance ② House Entrance

50m

Project 1.1 / 5

STREET FACADE

6.b

3 5

6.a

6.b

4.a

4.b

6.a

6.b

6.c

6.a

14.b

14.a

1 7

1st FLOOR

GROUND FLOOR

N 0

20m

1. Bar 2. Shaft 3. Equipment room

4a. Kitchen of Café 4b. Kitchen of House 5. Storage

2nd FLOOR 6a. Toilet of Café 6b. Toilet of House 6c. Toilet of master bedroom

7. Café 8. Reading area 9. Discussion room

3rd FLOOR 10. Meeting room 11. Living room 12. Working space

13. Washing room 14a. Master bedroom 14b. Bedroom Project 1.1 / 6

SECTION A

SECTION B 13.400

6 5

10.300

7.200

3.500

3700

10.300

3.500 11

±0.000

SECTION B

INTERIOR DETAILS

±0.000

12 0

10m

Cooling tower INSTALLATIONS

3500

OUTER FACADE DETAILS

1 120/330 mm primary gluelaminated timber beam; 50 mm mineral-wool thermal insulation; 20 mm veneer plywood 2 air inlet 3 100 mm three-ply crosslaminated timber panel; vapour retarder; metal pedestals; 150 mm mineral-wool thermal insulation; vapour retarder; 40 mm subframe; 30mm parquet, oiled 4 air outlet 5 120/330 mm primary gluelaminated timber beam 6 80/240 mm secondary gluelaminated timber beam

7 8

9 10 11 12

Air-handling units 250

1100

2900

200/200 mm glue-laminated timber column double glazing: 8 mm toughened glass + 14 mm cavity + 8 mm toughened glass two-coat gypsum plaster wooden panel 20 mm wooden panel, oiled; 60/40 mm stud frame 12/120 mm wood ground; 12 mm plasterboard; vapour retarder; 150 mm mineralwool thermal insulation; 9 mm sheathing; vapour retarder; pintel secured to studs; 100 mm cavity; 15 mm wall veneer brick 15 mm wall veneer brick

Project 1.1 / 7 1160

OUTER FACADE DETAILS

MODEL PHOTOS 88 151415 10

115

15 mm wall veneer brick double glazing: 8 mm toughened glass 14 mm cavity 8 mm toughened glass 3 wooden sill extension 4 wooden sill; wooden stool 5 wooden apron 5 6 12/120 mm wood ground; 12 mm plasterboard; vapour retarder; 150 mm mineral-wool thermal insulation; 9 mm sheathing; vapour retarder; pintel secured to studs; 100 mm cavity; 15 mm wall veneer brick 7 30mm parquet, oiled; 40 mm subframe; vapour retarder; 150 mm mineral-wool thermal insulation; vapour retarder; 100 mm three-ply cross-laminated timber panel 8 metal pedestals 9 metal lintel; flashing 10 120/330 mm primary glue-laminated timber beam

2 1 2

500

915

5 100

100

330

10 5 58

145

40 30

120

Project 1.1 / 8

INTERIOR DETAILS

MODEL PHOTOS

400

1 2 3 4 5 6

40/40 mm wooden frame; screw 20 mm wooden panel, oiled 60/40 mm wooden frame; screw 60/30 mm wooden frame; screw 20/70 mm wooden frame 20/40 mm wooden frame

2 1200

960

40 20

4 5 6

517 20 20

Project 1.1 / 9

12 . THE HAGUE M - MEETING HUB Discussion Places for Academic Activities

MSC1 HERITAGE & ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO 2nd Semester of Graduate Studies at TUD Academic / Individual Work Size: 7023m2 Location: The Hague, Netherlands Tutor:

Nol Hermkens, A.W.Hermkens@tudelft.nl Duration: 2019/3-2019/7 As the former American Embassy in The Hague and a national monument designed by famous modernist architect Marcel Breuer, the original building needs to be reused as a new branch for Campus The Hague of Leiden University. Since the original area is less than university's requirement and the building's monumental status, the proposal balances adaptive reuse against the protection of the building's core values. Project 1.2 / 10

AN ICON OF DUTCH MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE

Value Assessment

AGE

HISTORICAL

COMMEMORATIVE

USE

ART

RARITY

CONTEXT

The site is surrounded by lots of buildings in 18th-century styles (some are constructed in the 19th/20th).

The neighborhood, like Binnenhof and Royal Theater are landmarks of The Hague's historical center.

The Binnenhof is among the oldest Parliament buildings in the world still in use.

The site is located Some 18th-century in the political and style buildings have cultural centre, and is fine ornament. next to an urban green space.

The L-shape green space that covers Lange Voorhout

SITE

The main entrance to the courtyard has changed.

There is height difference between parking lot and court, and a tree in the courtyard. 1 2

SKIN

4 3 The facade panels grow Window fences were old gracefully, leaving added later due to the rich patina on security demands. themselves.

The former American Embassy was designed in the late 50s by Marcel Breuer, who was educated in the Bauhaus tradition and became one of the significant representatives of the modern movement in the 20th century. Because of increasing security demands, the embassy moved out of the city centre and the building became vacant. It will be redeveloped in the future: one of the option is to be transformed into an accommodation for a new faculty of Leiden University. During design process, the condition of the building and its value as an example of Marcel Breuer's architectural language will be fully considered.

Nationale Politie Embassy of Spain Escher in Het Paleis Embassy of Switzerland the Supreme Court

The site is situated in the historical centre of The Hague and at the corner of the Lange Voorhout and the Korte Voorhout. The former is surrounded with a quiet urban green space, while the latter passes through political and cultural centre where Dutch parliament, governmental institutions, embassies and Royal Theater locate.

The structural system of the original building is load bearing reinforced concrete structure.

The trapezoid pattern of facade is unique compared to those with perpendicular elements.

The columns in the library are the resonance of trapezoid pattern of facade.

Each facade is carrying wall, and there are hexagonal paths for load carrying.

PLAN

Large space (auditorium) is placed outside of the main building which has lots of small sapces.

Regular office space is suitable for being converted into studying space.

SURFACES

Most materials for interior, like wood, stone, slate and concrete has long lifespans.

site

Lange Voorhout

The shape of window The similar trapezoid frame introduces more pattern of facade sunlight from the upper division is rhythmic. sky.

STRUCTURE

*Left: South facade, Jan Versnel, The Hague, 1960 *Right: Entrance hall, Jan Versnel, The Hague, 1960

SITE ANALYSIS

Geometric pattern of facade panels and windows became Marcel Breuer's design style at that time.

The door that connects entrance hall and other spaces are bulletproof, which is usual for a embassy.

Geometric patterns for interior are everywhere: auditorium's ceiling, wooden panels of walls, knobs, columns etc.

SERVICES Royal Theater m

100

The original radiator is integrated well with the building wall.

Ministry of Finance

50 0

Royal Academy of Art, The Hague

STUFF

Highly valued Positively valued Indifferent

The Hague, Netherlands Mauritshuis Binnenhof

The original interior, especially the furniture, uses a bright style of 60s.

As a distinct style of interior decoration, 1960s décor uses bright color hues with patterns.

Project 1.2 / 11

BASEMENT

GROUND FLOOR B

-4.395

-4.700

-4.090

-3.785

-3.480

-3.175

-2.870

-4.395

-4.700

-4.090

-3.785

-3.480

-3.175

-2.870

-4.700 up

A -1.200

-3.700

-1.500

-3.700

Since the original area is less than university's requirement, an extension is necessary: either in the courtyard or on the rooftop.

Surrounded by two main buildings on the south and the west, the courtyard hardly receives direct sunlight, which makes it a negative outdoor space.

-1.500

-0.970

-0.970 up

-0.970

-3.700

Placing long span spaces - lecture rooms and symposium area - in the courtyard because they coundn't fit original buildings

±0.000

entrance

-4.700

13 entrance

-4.700

±0.000 up

up entrance

10 up -1.500

1st FLOOR

2nd FLOOR

2.630 up

3.400

A 1.020

Making an in-between space to connect the old and new volumes, and introducing an inner street and east entrance with iconic gate.

Creating informal meeting places by broadening the bridges that link the old with new volumes, and by introducing double height spaces in the original buildings.

Placing short stay rooms on the top of west wing, to face the Lange Voorhout's quiet environment. Adding PV panels on the top of the new volume. And introducing indoor/ outdoor gathering spaces.

2.630

6.800

3.015

6.665

3.400 6.800

3.400

9 9

2.400

16 up

10 10

10 B

Nieuwe Uitleg

Smidswater

SITE PLAN

N 3rd FLOOR

4th FLOOR

Lange Voorhout

18 19

10.200

③

10.200 up up

21 20

1F ②

6.530 up

20 13.600

1. Sunken Courtyard 2. Symposium Area 3. Installation Room 4. Sports Area 5. Relax Area 6. Bicycle Parking 7. Storage 8. Restaurant 9. Office 10. Meeting Room 11. Reception 12. Café

13. Main Lecture Room 14. Lecture Room 15. Concentration Education Space 16. Communication Education Space 17. Back Office 18. Desk 19. Library 20. Short Stay Room 21. Common Room

① A - A SECTION

Korte Voorhout

B - B SECTION

14.000

DETAILS 1

DETAILS 2 10.200

10.200

6.800

6.530

3.400

2.630

-0.970 installation room

-4.700

50m

6.530

3.400

2.630

±0.000

±0.000 -1.500

① South Entrance ② West Entrance ③ East Entrance

6.800

-0.970

-1.500

-1.500 -4.700

-4.700

50m

Project 1.2 / 12

0 10 25 50m -3

-3

-4 00

-3 00

-4

-4 00

-4 00 -4

-4

-3

-3 .7

.8 70

-2

-1 .5

.0 00

±0

up .5 00

-1

en tra nc e

-0

±0 00

-0 .9

-4 00

.2 00

-1

-0 .9

-4 .7

-4

.3 95

-4

-1

-2

-3 .1

-3 .4

-3 .7

3.4

WEST FACADE

tran

EAST FACADE en

3.4

3.0

2.6

2.6 up

2.4

1.0

6.8

6.5 3 up 0

6.6

10 up

13 .6 00

SOUTH FACADE SPATIAL SCHEME STRUCTURAL SCHEME

Skylight with glass beams

NORTH FACADE Open web steel joists

Steel beams with diagonal braces

Vierendeel truss

Steel beams

Cantilever beams

en tran ce

active spaces

quiet spaces

silent spaces

intermediate spaces Project 1.2 / 13

DETAILS 1

DETAILS 2 0

0.5

1 2 1

1. Glass beam; Insulated glazing, layered and hardened 2. Steel beam, with fire-resistant coating, in an anodized coffee-brown color; Steel shim plate for supporting glass beam 3. Wooden fences 4. Wooden floor

DETAILS 3

4 7

1. Acoustic climate ceiling with integrated lighting, sprinklers and loudspeakers; Open web steel josts; PVC roofing material; Roof insulation; Batten; Counter batten; PVC roofing material; Anchor and rail; PV panel 2. Steel beam, with fire-resistant coating; Insulated roof edging with plastisol cap 3. Steel supporting structure for curtain walls, with insulation; Insulation; PVC material; Precast concrete wall panels 4. Sunbreakers with runners; Sun-resistant insulated glazing, layered and hardened 5. Reinforcement concrete over metal decking; Rigid insulation; Finish flooring 6. Air inlet 7. Air outlet

Project 1.2 / 14

DETAILS 3

0.1

INFORMAL MEETING PLACE

0.2

0.5m

5 4

INFORMAL MEETING PLACE 1

1. Acoustic climate ceiling; PVC material; Insulation; PVC material; Reinforcement concrete slab; PVC mater ial; R igid insulation; PVC material; Finish flooring 2. Stucco finishing; Reinforcement concrete wall; Dowels for stone cladding; PVC material; Insulation; PVC material; Muschelkalk Limestone cladding (the original is replaced by the new) 3. Gluing anchor; Stainless steel shim plate; 4. Glass beam; Insulated glazing, layered and hardened 5. Steel window frame with thermal breaker

INFORMAL MEETING PLACE

Project 1.2 / 15

13 . THE HAGUE L - PUBLIC CONDENSER Community Places for Inclusive Activities

MSC3 & 4 PUBLIC BUILDING GRADUATION STUDIO 2nd Year of Graduate Studies at TUD Academic / Individual Work Size: 4937m2 Location: The Hague, Netherlands Tutor:

Paul Kuitenbrouwer [A], Pamkuitenbrouwer@tudelft.nl Gilbert Koskamp [BT], G.Koskamp@tudelft.nl Duration: 2019/9-2020/7 The site is located in Morgenstond, a subdistrict in

the south of The Hague, where many immigrants and other new city residents moved after WWII. Nowadays the densification of the city requires a social meeting place that can host a mix of activities and a public condenser which demonstrates multiplicity idea within Morgenstond's multicultural background. Project 1.3 / 16

FROM A SUBURB TO A PUBLIC CONDENSER

DESIGN MANIFESTO - LIFT THE HEART OF MORGENSTOND

As a post-war neighborhood that was built in early 50s, Morgenstond 's urban space was characterized by wide streets, open building blocks and large collective spaces - everything was designed on the scale of cars. This area was traditionally seen as the outskirts of the city, but it is now part of a diffused network of urbanization, which means that it must acquire an independent attraction within the urbanized landscape. And locals need a new type of communal public space that unites a lot of programmes under its roof and acts as the new urban living rooms. *Left: Morgenstond in 1960s, Bibliotheek Den Haag, The Hague *Right (from top to bottom): 1. Dokk1, Adam Mørk, Aarhus; 2. LocHal Library, Ossip Architectuurfotografie, Tilburg

As a symbol of pervasive consumerism, the neighborhood's high-rise buildings prevent communication from their different floors. By introducing a flat volume and the horizontal in-between space that connects different programs, this proposal facilitates communication when people pass by. Creating a folded tapestry also reclaims green space that the site has lost. Because the site locates at the intersection of Morgenstond's commercial and sports' clusters, it can be called 'the Heart of Morgenstond', which gives 'Lift the Heart of Morgenstond' a symbolic meaning that the project tries to invite locals and visitors, to host life and to act as a catalyst for community.

SITE ANALYSIS Poverty, social exlusion, migration Elderly, healthcare Youth, education, sports Liveability, neighborhood development Zuiderpark Sports Complex

Projects that have permanent spaces

The site locates in the intersection of Sports and Commercial Clusters, which emphasizes its importance to the neighborhood from city scale. A lot of initiators expresses that they are searching for a space where their activities can take place. However, only the projects in shades have permanent spaces for their activities, which means most activities can only take places in some temporary spaces.

How to design a public building while keep the green space as much as possible?

Hiding the volume under a green roof can reclaim the green space

Flattening one side of the roof to invite people to climb, making the green roof more accessible

Creating several entrances, so people can approach the building from different directions

Introducing roof terrace and running track to encourage people to explore the green roof

Redesigning and integrating the park into a new site plan

Den Haag Moerwijk N

0 50

Escamp Sports Field

Pharos Housing Tower

Shopping Street

3 0 10

e sit

Shopping Center Leyweg Escamp Municipal District Office

The Hague, Netherlands

Project 1.3 / 17

AERIAL VIEW

Positioning programmes along the backbone - the inner street

Locating 'lively' programmes close to the urban side, while 'quiet' programmes close to the park side

A Making room for the Urban Living Room

Dividing volumes of Health and ZEN to make room for the inner street

SITE PROFILE A

SITE PROFILE B Lifting volumes of Think to make room for the inner street

Final composition

PULSE

PERFORMANCE

SITE PLAN

THINK

④

⑧ ② ADMINISTRATION

HEALTH

ZEN

⑤

③

④

ARRIVAL

URBAN LIVING ROOM

ROOFTOP

① Main Entrance ② Urban Side Entrance ③ Park Side Entrance ④ Bicycle Parking ⑤ Outdoor Theater ⑥ Skatepark ⑦ Grass Wave ⑧ Playground

①

⑥

⑦

100m

Project 1.3 / 18

OFFSET SECTION

50m

1. PERSPECTIVE FROM TRAM STATION

1-1 Section

2-2 Section

First Floor Plan

3-3 Section

4-4 Section

N 0

50m

2. PERSPECTIVE FROM ENTRANCE SQUARE

North Facade

3. PERSPECTIVE FROM MAIN ENTRANCE

West Facade

Ground Floor Plan

South Facade

East Facade

Project 1.3 / 19

OFFSET SECTION

4 5

50m

MULTIPLICITY IN ARCHITECTURE Normal pedestrian flow in Urban Living room

Temporary pedestrian flow in Urban Living room

Taking the intermediate space as a flea market for neighbours during weekends and holidays

The sports hall under nomal circumstance

During the rainy days, the intermediate space can be transformed into a playground and a shelter from rain

When certain activities happen in the sports hall, the space can be subdivided into several zones by using divider curtains

4. PERSPECTIVE FROM URBAN LIVING ROOM

5. PERSPECTIVE FROM URBAN LIVING ROOM

6. PERSPECTIVE FROM PARK ENTRANCE

Project 1.3 / 20

STRUCTURAL SCHEME

SOUND ENVIRONMENT

Separation wall Shear wall

Noisy

RC column/beam

Moderate

Steel column/beam

Quiet

Flat truss Vierendeel truss Foundation

Noise is a relative term and can range from low levels of intrusive sound in a quiet environment to loud sounds in an already noisy environment. So the first step is to distinguish different sound environment, then to adopt specific soundproof method. Channel glass with rough surface and infill insulation to reduce the harmful effects of strong echo and reverberation

Two brick walls with in-between insulation

MATERIAL RECYCLABILITY ACOUSTIC SOLUTIONS Recycling at equal quality level Downcycling within construction sphere, high level of quality Downcycling outside of construction sphere, low level of quality No clear differentiation between high and low quality levels possible

LEVEL OF RECYCLABILITY Steel PROPORTION OF RECYCLABILITY

Concrete

99%

Wooden panels

56%

Brick slips

30%

Glass

Acoustic wall panels

Noise reduction insulation spray

Soundproof glazing

Project 1.3 / 21

CLIMATE CONTROL - SPORTS HALL AS THERMALLY INSULATION

CLIMATE CONTROL - COURTYARD AS AIR TUNNEL

SUNNY DAY IN WINTER

Zone: technical space (25oC) Material: heavy (RC)

Zone: common place (20 - 22oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

Zone: sports (12-16oC) Material: light (channel glass) blinds open doors shut

Zone: common place (20 - 22oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

Zone: intermediate space (outdoor) Component: columns (RC) blinds shut doors shut

blinds open doors shut

Solar elevation angle on 21 Dec. Solar elevation angle on 15 Mar./26 Sep.

Solar elevation angle on 15 Mar./26 Sep.

Zone: courtyard (outdoor) Surrounding: curtainwall

blinds shut

Solar elevation angle on 21 Dec.

Zone: courtyard (outdoor) Surrounding: curtainwall

Zone: ZEN (25oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

blinds open

blinds shut

PV panels

blinds open

thermally insulation

blinds open

air nozzle diffuser

underfloor heating system

geothermal heat pump

COLD NIGHT IN AUTUMN

Zone: technical space (25oC) Material: heavy (RC)

Zone: common place (20 - 22oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

Zone: sports (12-16oC) Material: light (channel glass) blinds shut doors shut

Zone: common place (20 - 22oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

Zone: intermediate space (outdoor) Component: columns (RC) blinds shut doors shut

blinds shut doors shut

Zone: courtyard (outdoor) Surrounding: curtainwall

blinds shut

Zone: courtyard (outdoor) Surrounding: curtainwall

Zone: ZEN (25oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

blinds shut

PV panels blinds shut

blinds shut

thermally insulation

buffer zone

air nozzle diffuser

underfloor heating system

geothermal heat pump

HOT DAY IN SUMMER

Zone: technical space (26oC) Material: heavy (RC)

Zone: common place (25oC) Material: heavy (green roof ) windows open doors open

windows open doors shut

cross ventilation for sports hall

Zone: common place (25oC) Material: heavy (green roof )

Zone: intermediate space (outdoor) Component: columns (RC)

Zone: sports (24oC) Material: light (channel glass)

blinds shut doors open

night purge ventilation

Zone: courtyard (outdoor) Surrounding: curtainwall

windows open night purge ventilation

Zone: courtyard (outdoor) Surrounding: curtainwall

Zone: ZEN (25oC) Material: heavy (green roof ) blinds shut windows open night purge ventilation

Solar elevation angle on 20 Jun.

blinds shut windows open night purge ventilation

PV panels

blinds shut

air tunnel

sun shading

air nozzle diffuser

underfloor cooling system geothermal heat pump

Project 1.3 / 22

ILLUMINANCE WITH SKYLIGHTS IN THE SUMMER SOLSTICE (FROM 9 AM - 9 PM)

ILLUMINANCE WITHOUT SKYLIGHTS IN THE SUMMER SOLSTICE (FROM 9 AM - 9 PM)

9 AM

4 PM

9 AM

4 PM

10 AM

5 PM

10 AM

5 PM

11 AM

6 PM

11 AM

6 PM

12 AM

7 PM

12 AM

7 PM

1 PM

8 PM

1 PM

8 PM

2 PM

9 PM

2 PM

9 PM

Illuminance (lux) is the measure of light currently used to determine daylight availability in the interior. During the summer solstice, the illuminance of the Sports Hall for each hour surpasses the minimum levels for sports activities (500 lux)

3 PM

During the summer solstice, the illuminance of the Sports Hall (without skylights) for each hour is lower than those with skylights, especially for peak period (9 AM - 2 PM) 3 PM

SECTION IN DETAIL 0

10m

Project 1.3 / 23

SECTION A

SECTION B

3 4

1. double glazing: 6mm glass + 20mm cavity + 8mm glass 2. skylight construction: vapour barrier, 100mm PUR rigid insulation, vapour bar r ier, 200mm prefabr icated concrete slab, vapour barrier, plywood strips, metal profile, wooden panels with a fibre reinforced gypsum core 3. roof construction: gravel layer, vapour barrier, 130mm - 520mm PUR rigid insulation, vapour barrier, 150mm reinforced concrete, vapour barrier, hanger for suspended ceiling, wooden panels with a fibre reinforced gypsum core 4. interlocking 7mm channel glass

5. aluminum fascia plate, structural steel transom support by column 6. first floor construction: natural rubber flooring, 40mm cement screed, vapour barrier, 100mm reinforced concrete 7. metal sill with fastners 8. green roof construction: 65mm gravel routing, filter sheet, drainage system, protection mat, root-resistant vapour barrier, 100mm reinforced concrete 9. 200mm brick wall, vapour barrier, 20mm PUR rigid insulation, vapour barrier, 200mm brick wall 10. ground floor construction: natural rubber flooring, 40mm cement screed, vapour barrier, 70mm PUR rigid insulation, 400mm reinforced concrete foundation, vapour barrier, 100mm PUR rigid insulation, vapour barrier

5. aluminum fascia capping, structural steel transom support by column 6. first floor construction: natural rubber flooring, 40mm cement screed, vapour barrier, 100mm reinforced concrete 7. metal sill with fastners 8. green roof construction: 65mm gravel routing, filter sheet, drainage system, protection mat, root-resistant vapour barrier, 100mm reinforced concrete 9. 200mm brick wall, vapour barrier, 20mm PUR rigid insulation, vapour barrier, 200mm brick 5 wall 10. ground floor construction: natural rubber flooring, 40mm cement screed, vapour barrier, 70mm PUR rigid insulation, 400mm reinforced concrete foundation, vapour barrier, 100mm PUR rigid insulation, vapour barrier

8 8 7

9 9 10

0.5

Project 1.3 / 24

PERSPECTIVE FROM SECONDARY ENTRANCE

PERSPECTIVE FROM COMMERCIAL CLUSTER

PERSPECTIVE FROM COMMERCIAL CLUSTER (NIGHT)

PERSPECTIVE FROM PARK ROUTE

PERSPECTIVE FROM PLAYGROUND

PERSPECTIVE FROM PLAYGROUND (NIGHT)

Project 1.3 / 25

02 WAR WOUND

Rural Place for Memorial Activities

GRADUATE STUDIO 1st Year of Graduate Studies Academic / Individual Work Size: 2095m2 Location: Fuyang, China Tutor: Prof. QingPing Luo, lqpzju@163.com Duration: 2014/9-2014/11

The project is an addition to the Second Sino-Japanese War (part of World War II) Museum where Chinese command of the 3rd war zone accepted local Japaness Army's surrender. In addition to commemorating the victory, this new museum, which belongs to landscape architecture and is divided into two parts, uses the metaphor of 'a war wound on the ground' to remind visitors war can only cause relentless pain and there is no one emerged a winner. Being surrounded by complicated context, such as farmland, farmhouses and a 6-lane national highway, the project also tries to stitch the neighborhoods and provide locals with new public space. Project 02 / 26

NO ONE EMERGED A WINNER IN THE WAR WITHOUT MERCY

farmhouses

site the National Highway 320

farmland

It cost China a lot for wining the Second Sino-Japanese War. For instance, millions of military and civilians died in the war, and cities had burnt to the ground. Moreover, the war destroyed the economy of China during 1938 to 1945. Meanwhile, Japanese civilians of Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered a lot owing to two nuclear weapons dropped by the Allies. In the end, no one emerged a winner in the war because these two countries almost lost everything.

farmhouses

*Top: The painting showing China accepted Japan's surrender is a collection of the Military Museum of Eastern Theater Command. *Bottom (from left to right) : 1. The bombing of Chongqing, the image is a faithful digitisation of a unique historic image; 2. The monument in the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders shows victims figures in Nanking Massacre, photo by Haoyuan Du; 3. The picture showing Atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945 was taken by Charles Levy from one of the B-29 Superfortresses used in the attack.

10 20

100m

SITE ANALYSIS

forest

highway service area

Death Toll of World War II

The Proportion of Military and Civilian Deaths

Fuyang, China

The site is adjacent to the National Highway 320. With some farmhouses to its north, the site is surrounded by rich farmland. Across that 6-lane highway from where the site is, there are a number of farmhouses, and a dense forest is located to its south. In addition, there is a small highway service area between the highway and the forest. T h i s c o m p l i c a t e d c o n t e x t re q u i re s architects to deal with the problem between peaceful and loudness when trying to make a memorial and public place for visitors and locals.

Project 02 / 27

How to stitch the complicated neighborhood?

SITE PLAN

⑨

Simple volume to illustrate commemoration

④

③

⑦

② ⑩

⑤ ④

⑥

④

① ⑧

① ③

Slope down to eliminate the height difference between the sidewalk and the roof, and to attract pedestrain

Leave a 'scar' by seperating the building

The National Highway 320 ① Main Entrance ② Entrance ③ Roof Entrance ④ Square Entrance ⑤ Old Ceremony (historic reserve) ⑥ Office of the Museum ⑦ Memorial Square ⑧ Eternal Flame for the Unknown Soldier ⑨ Casualties Cenotaph ⑩ Equipment Platform

Twist the edges to make it more like a wound

Slope down to make a square, and give details

50m

Project 02 / 28

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

2. 5.

-0.435 down 1.640

-3.260

1.120

0.900

11.

10.

-3.260

±0.000

-3.260

0.515 up

-3.260 up

3. up

up 1.

3. 7.

down 1.640 down

±0.000

1.640

or ef

the

n ow

ldi

n nk

m oo all tR 'H en ded ipm Inva u q g 1. E ein oom ace 2. 'B est R ge Sp m 3. R tora Hall Roo 4. S ideo ction V e . j 5 ro 6. P

m Fla

l na ter r 1. E orch y nte P . 2 obb ity n Ce r 3. L ecu atio hop 4. S nformenir S 5. I ouv oom ll m ll 6. S est R ce Ha t Roo d' Ha 7. R refa men vade P p i n . I u 8 q g 9. E . 'Bein Park 10 . Car 10 11

A 0m

A-A SECTION

B-B SECTION

10.250

8.510

8.740

7.400

5.200 5.200 4.700 4.600

6. 4.

2.240

±0.000 -1.420

±0.000

-3.260

20m

7.600 1.

2.310 2.770

1. Porch 2. Information Center 3. Lobby 4. Preface Hall 5. 'Being Invaded' Hall 6. 'Striking Back' Hall

1.640

1. Victory Hall 2. Memorial Square 3. Casualties Cenotaph 4. Storage Space 5. 'Striking Back' Hall 6. Projection Room 7. Video Hall 8. 'Being Invaded' Hall

4. 6.

2.240 7.

8. -3.260

Project 02 / 29

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

ROOF PLAN

N D

2. 7.

down

2.240

C down 0.900

C 7.

2.240

B down

5. 5.

down

down 1.640

1.640 down down

1.120

down

C 0.515 up

0.515 4.

1.640 1.

1.640 down 5.

down

1.640

±0.000

down 3. 2. 6.

down

3.900

C down

or rat ll Ha e Cu ory of th om t c i o 1. V ffice ing R 2. O eet 3. M ffice oom all 'H 4. O est R ack 5. R orch ing B P 6. trik ark 7. 'S ar P 8. C 5

4.700

down

re ua aph l Sq ot ria Cen m mo lties atfor form e t l a 1. M asu ng P t Pla 2. C iewi men 3. V quip ark 4. E ar P 5. C 5

5.200

down

C-C SECTION

D-D SECTION

9.160

8.630

8.510

6.940

5.200 4.700

8.300

7.400 1.

2.810

2.240

-3.260

1.640

2.240 4.

±0.000

20m

1. Victory Hall 2. Long Corridor 3. 'Striking Back' Hall 4. 'Being Invaded' Hall

7.200

-1.420 -3.260

5. Storage Space 6. Equipment Room 7. Casualties Cenotaph 8. Viewing Platform

Project 02 / 30

Porch Since this project is adjacent to a national highway, its porch tries to keep visitors from noisy traffic and encourage them to meditate by being placed duplicate co l u m n s a n d b e i n g d u g narrow openings in the wall.

Project 02 / 31

Long Corridor As a passage connects 'Striking Back' Hall to Victory Hall, the Long Corridor makes visitors feel warm and hopeful by being covered big skylights and bringing glorious sunshine.

Project 02 / 32

*Photo by Haoyuan Du

03 CANAL RESURGENCE Riverside Place for Cultural Activities

FINAL PROJECT 5th Year of Undergraduate Studies Academic / Individual Work Size: 13800m2 Location: Hangzhou, China Tutor: Prof. Lin Chen, 510686898@qq.com Duration: 2014/3-2014/7

The project is an urban complex in a new residential block where the Grand Canal, a World Heritage, passes. It provides the community with their absent infrastructure, such as multi-media center, bus station and waterbus port. What's more, it tries to explore new possibilities brought by the composition of those different programs and bring the center of community life back to the riverside as it used to be over the last centuries. Project 03 / 33

SITE ANALYSIS

THE DECLINE OF THE GRAND CANAL N residential block

residential block

site

kindergarden

nursing residential block home

shopping center renovated from Dahe Shipyard

As the longest, oldest artificial canal in the world, the Grand Canal ends at Hangzhou in the south. After it was dug 1400 years ago, Hangzhou has become the transportation hub in the east of China. The Canal remained prosperous until 1900s when industrialisation grew. After that, the city center moved away and the Grand Canal were not great anymore. Becoming a World Heritage recently enables citizens to realize its cultural value. The project aims to make the most of it and to bring back riverside lifestyle to locals.

100

The site is adjacent to the Grand Canal. With a plant renovation to its south, the site is surrounded by some residential blocks. An artzone is situated to the south of that plant renovation. Some just completed projects of historical streets renewal, such as Qiaoxi Historical Street and Arts & Crafts Museums, are near to Riverside Artzone. In addition, there is the Grand Canal Museum and Square across the Canal. In recent years, this district has changed from manufacture based economy to service based economy. A lot of industrial enterprises have been transferred and the urban renovation has brought benefits to the locals. All those cultural projects have made this area more attractive.

200m

Riverside Artzone

*The painting showing the Grand Canal riverside in the Song Dynasty above is a collection of the Grand Canal Museum. N

China Fans Museum

the Grand Canal Square Gongchen Bridge

Qiantang River Qiaoxi Historical Street

the Grand Canal Museum

West Lake

China Knives and Scissors and Swords Museum

West Lake

China Umbrellas Museum

the Grand Canal

200 0

the Grand Canal site

1000 500

Qiantang River

2000m

Figure Ground in the Song Dynasty (1129AD-1274AD)

200 0

Figure Ground Nowadays

1000 500

2000m

Hangzhou, China

Project 03 / 34

MIXTURE OF ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PROGRAMS 11000 CITIZEN PARK O TI ITA ED OW M E C SH IC RK AN US PA RM FO LM N E ICA IZE PER NC SS IT RA C PE DA LA C O RE G UA IN G SQ IN OX AT HA S SK

2200 SPORTS AREA 1500 COURTYARD 2300 EXTERIOR CONCERT

Bus Route Waterbus Route Parking Space

Public Space Guide Line

9500 RIVERSIDE PARK 1000 DOCK 4000 WATERSIDE PLATFORM

TEMPORARY EXHIBITIONS

AR BO

17000 NATURE LANDSCAPE 20000 TRANSPORTATION

URBAN PROGRAMS ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMS

NIGHT SCHOOL BOOK CLUB

HISTORY LECTURE

N AIC T

EDUCATION K

IN LL EE RO TS ST IGH S

R PA

SOUVENIR SHOP

AFTERNOON TEA GOURMET FESTIVAL BANQUET

PRODUCT LUNCH EVENT BA

FLEA MARKET

MEETINGS

COMMERCE

RESTAURANT SHOPS OFFICES SMALL THEATER

LL UE

860 100 1600 950

ART FESTIVAL

HOBBY GROUP

3600 COMMERCE

E AP SC IC D OS CN N T PI LA PHO RE G TU DIN NA ED

700 AUDIO-VISUAL ROOMS 400 TRAINING ROOMS 1200 READING ROOMS

Public Transit - Seperated Transportation

2300 EDUCATION

Spatial Study - Negative Public Space

SKETCH

COLLEGE FOR SENIOR CITIZENS ARCHIVE OF THE GRAND CANAL

K TA

1500 OPEN GALLERY 700 EXHIBITION ROOM 400 ART STUDIOS

E ID RS

3500 EXHIBITIONS

XI LA

PEDESTRIAN SLOPE CAR RAMP WATERBUS PORT BUS STATION PARKING SPACE

INSTALLATION ART FASHION SHOW

1800 1000 600 1400 12000

EXHIBITIONS OF MODERN ART

EXHIBITIONS

G E DO RIV A G NG IN KI AL GG W JO NG DI

14500 GREENSPACE

Public Green Space Private Green Space

Pedestrian Route

Pedestrian Traffic - Lack of Activities

How to revitalise the riverside?

Lift the plinth to get a better view of the Grand Canal and attract locals to visit

Use the plinth as parking space to avoid geological problems of underground lots

Placement of different programs

Connect these programs by a lobby

Integration of programs' identities with a group of roofs

Activating the urban side

Activating the riverside

Integration into neighborhood

Environment Study - Negative Green Space

Height<=10m 10m<Height<24m Height>=24m

Figure Ground - Confusing Urban Fabric

Composite Diagram

Project 03 / 35

PROGRAMS ANALYSIS

SITE PLAN

Tiled roofs

⑦

⑤

②

②⑥

Wooden trusses and light steel tension members Roof System

⑧

②

The Grand Canal

②

Steel beams and columns

②

① ⑨ ④

⑨

⑩ ②

③ ⑤

Vertical Horizontal Circulation

① Main Entrance ② Entrance ③ Waterbus Port Entrance ④ Restaurant Entrance ⑤ Parking Garage Entrance ⑥ Unloading Entrance ⑦ Skatepark ⑧ Outdoor Theater ⑨ Sunken Courtyard ⑩ Courtyard 0 10

100m

Project 03 / 36

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

N -3.900

-3.900

down down -1.950

down -1.950

-3.300

down

down -1.950

-1.950 -3.900

-3.900

down

-3.900

down down

down

down Restaurant Entrance

Parking Garage Entrance

Washing-up Storage Space

down

Lounge

Main Entrance

Kitchen

Restaurant

Office

Meeting Room

Prep.

Entrance Bus StationEntrance

±0.000

Security

Tea Room

±0.000

Lobby Bus Station Office

Information Office

Shop Information Center

Ticket Office

±0.000

-3.900

Entrance down

Waiting Room

Entrance

Entrance down

Smoking-CloakRoom room

Small Theater

Viewing Platform -3.900

Projection Room

down

down down -3.900 -3.300

down

Garbage

Gallery

±0.000

Office Entrance

Loading / Unloading Security

Shop

-3.900

down

Tea Room

Storage Space

Stage

down

Storage Space

-3.900

Audio-visual Room

-5.100

down

down -3.900 down

-5.100

Waterbus Port -6.300

down

-4.500 down

-4.500

-5.100

down

Audio-visual Room

Tea Room

down

-5.100

-4.500

down -3.900

-4.500 -4.500

down

Riverside Deck

A-A SECTION 9.200 6.900

8.000 4.800

Lobby

3.900

Small Theater Storage Space

±0.000 Archive

-3.900

Reading Room

Discussing Room

Equipment Room

VIP Room

Storage Space

-4.350

±0.000 -3.900 -4.350

B-B SECTION 10.000

10.000

6.900

6.900 Bus Station Waiting Room

3.900

Gallery Storage Space

±0.000

±0.000 -3.900

-3.900

-4.350

Lobby

50m

Project 03 / 37

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

SECTION & FACADE DETAILS

N Lounge

Terrace

3.900 down

Office

-3.900

-3.900 up

Office

3.900

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

Office Office

3.900

Tile

Wooden board

Steel

Wooden truss

Wooden bars

Wooden planks

Double glazing

Sunken Courtyard

Securiy

-3.900

Tile Wooden board

Steel plate Wooden truss Washer Bolt

-3.900

Parking Garage

Steel rod Connector Steel truss

Securiy

Lounge

Shop

Tea Room

Ticket Office

-3.900 Platform

Bus Station Waiting Room

Circulation Desk Discussing Room

Storage Space

Bus Station Entrance

Discussing Room

Archive

Waterbus Port Office

Information Office

Waterbus Port Entrance -3.900

Waterbus Port Entrance

Reading Room

Reading Reading Room Room Staff Entrance

Storage Space

Small Theater

Discussing Room Office

Waterbus Port Staff

Storage Space

Equipment Room

A VIP Room

Discussing Room

-3.900

Entrance

Reading Room Entrance

Waterbus Port Waiting Room -3.900

Art Studio

Training Room

Waterproof layer Cement mortar Insulation Concrete structure Insulation Cement mortar Brick veneer

Waterproof layer Wooden board Air Insulation Cement mortar Concrete structure Insulation Air Interior finishes Horizontal plate

Training Room

Ticket Office Interior finishes Air Cement mortar Concrete structure Insulation Air Concrete structure Cement mortar Brick veneer

Tea Room

C-C SECTION

10.700 9.000

3.900

3.600 Bus Station Waiting Room

1.200 ±0.000 -0.700 -3.900

Waterbus Port

Waterbus Port Waiting Room

Bus Station Office

Restaurant

Shop

±0.000 -3.900

-4.300 -6.000

Soil Concrete structure Toughened glass rail

D-D SECTION

10.400 9.000

8.300 6.900 Viewing Platform ±0.000 -1.300 -2.600 -3.900

Aluminium alloy-frame door with double glazing

-1.950

Sunken Courtyard

Lobby ±0.000 -1.950

Circulation Desk

Riverside Deck

-3.900

Outdoor Theater

-4.500 -5.100

E-E SECTION

11.700 9.000 7.800

7.800 5.100 3.900 ±0.000 -3.900

Office Audio-visual Room Training Room

Small Theater

Gallery

3.900

Office

±0.000 -1.950

Brick

-3.900

Outdoor Theater

-4.500

50m

0.5

Project 03 / 38

RIVERSIDE PERSPECTIVE The project tries to effectively connect residential blocks nearby with the shop center to the south. By constructing leisure facilities, such as viewing platform, riverside deck, sun loungers and chairs, and making green space along the riverside, it aims to attract customers, passengers and residents to spend their leisure time here, which turns it into the community's main attraction.

Project 03 / 39

BUS STATION WAITING ROOM

Project 03 / 40

04 ELECTRIFYING ARENA

Multifunctional Place for Public Activities

ARENA DESIGN STUDIO 5th Year of Undergraduate Studies Academic / Individual Work Size: 12900m2 Location: Mianyang, China Tutor: Prof. Zhu Wang, zhuwangzju@foxmail.com Duration: 2013/9-2014/1

As a sports facility, this arena belongs to a large electronic technology company that is located in Mianyang. The facades of this project are inspired by circuit boards which are the main product of that company, trying to improve the company's image. Besides having the capability to hold a small-scale match, this arena enables workers and their relatives to do exercise and relax by providing them with multifunctional indoor and outdoor spaces. Hence arena usage increases and positive public places are made. Project 04 / 41

POST-OLYMPICS ISSUE AND UNSUSTAINABLE SPORTS FACILITIES

factory area

hotel

2008

2011

dormitory area

site

While Beijing were preparing for the 2008 Summer Olympics, many local governments took it as an opportunity to construct sports facilities and to encourage citizens to improve their fitness, regardless of those infrastructure's sustainable development. As a result, most of them ran at a loss or went unused after the 2008 Olympics. It reminds us that we should consider permanent importance of sports facilities during the design process. 0 10 20

factory area

100m

*Top (from left to right), photo by www.vcg.com: 1. Laoshan Arena during the cycling competition of the 2008 Beijing Olympics; 2. Chaoyang Arena during the beach volleyball competition of the 2008 Beijing Olympics. *Bottom (from left to right), photo by David Gray: 1. The carpark of Laoshan Arena has become a training yard of a driving school after the Olympics; 2. The Chaoyang Arena lies deserted and unmaintained after the Olympics.

outdoor track administration area

SITE ANALYSIS The site belongs to a large industrial park which is owned by that electronic technology company. With workers' dormitories to its nor th, the site is adjacent to the factory area. Across the outdoor track from where the site is, there is a vocational school for training skilled workers. In conclusion, this arena is built for staff and their relatives. Mianyang, China

vocational school

How to electrify staff?

Separate buildings

Placing the community center around the arena's top for more outdoor space

Superstructure for supporting the top and making gray space

Engraving a pattern of circuit board

Landscape rearrangement

factory area

trucking company

Project 04 / 42

PROGRAMS ANALYSIS

SITE PLAN

Roof with skylights

Roof System Steel trusses

① Circulation

②

Vertical Horizontal

Superstructure

③

①

③ ④

Curtain Wall System

②

Plinth

① Main Entrance ② Entrance ③ Sunken Courtyard ④ The Woods 0

50m

Project 04 / 43

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

N 0

3. 4.160

down up

50m

2. 4.160

up down

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

down up

up down

-0.600 1.

down

1. Court 2. Rest Room 3. Shop 4. Studio 5. Lighting Room 6. Storage Space

down 3. up

10.

±0.000

down

2. down

down

3. up

down -3.000

8. 7.

0.600

±0.000

11.

down

±0.000 2.

up down

-0.600

4.160

down

4. 7.

down up

4.160

±0.000

-0.600

down up up down

down

10.

-3.000

down

11.

12.

7.940

0.600 down

-1.800

down

down down

down

down down

-1.800

down

3. 1.

down

-0.600

7. 3. down

down

A-A SECTION

7.940

14.

4.160 ±0.000

13.

-0.600

1. Court 2. Rest Room 3. Sports Equipment Room 4. Office 5. Meeting Room 6. Lounge for Coaches 7. Lounge for Players 8. Shower Room

9. Infirmary 10. Security 11. Sunken Courtyard 12. The Woods 13. Lobby 14. Multifunction Room 15. Changing Room 16. Reading Room

1. Court 2. Rest Room 3. Multifunction Room 4. Office 5. Reading Room 6. Café 7. Changing Room 8. Gym 9. Dancing Studio 10. Sports Equipment Room

5. down

15.140 12.940

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

down down

down down down

7.940

-4.500

BASEMENT PLAN

-4.500

B-B SECTION

15.140 12.940 7.940

15.

16.

1. Sports Equipment Room 2. Equipment Room 3. Security

4.160 ±0.000 -0.600 -4.500

13. 10.

13. 3.

11.

2. -4.500 up

-4.500 up

Project 04 / 44

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

LINE OF SIGHT ANALYSIS

VISUAL QUALITY ANALYSIS

37°

2600

590590

32.7

7.940

±0.000 850 850 1000

3050

850 850 1000

5530

2300

2. C-value: 60mm;

16°

3. Horizontal distance between the first row and the viewpoint: 6530mm;

13.5°

4. Height of the first row: 2600mm; 5. Depth of rows: 850mm, 1000mm;

12°

6. Height of eyes' position: 1150mm (sitting down); 7. Angle of elevation: 28.9°;

11.5°

8. Maximum angle of depression: 32.7°; 9. Height of steps: 516mm~590mm.

300

28.9

516 530 516

4.160

1. Height of the viewpoint: 300mm;

For audience's better sight and view, the project also concentrates on line of sight and visual quality design through geometric analyses. Since this arena is mainly built for basketball matches, line of sight in those games has become a major concern for the analysis. The viewpoint is set 300 millimetres above the edge of the court to ensure a better sight, because most of player's wonderful moves are made 300 to 500 millimetres above the floor and they rarely make those moves on the edge. In order to restrict the stands's slope and the height differences between rows, the chairs are staggered and the height difference between neighboring lines of sight (aka c-value) is set as 60 millimetres. Visual quality depends primarily on range of visibility and visual angle. The former is graded according to the number of rows before the eyes' position, the latter is graded according to the perspective distortion.

Excellent Good Project 04 / 45

BIRD'S-EYE VIEW

SUNKEN COURTYARD

Project 04 / 46

NIGHT SCENE

OPEN-AIR CINEMA

Project 04 / 47

*Photo by Xincheng Pu

05 LIGHTED CUBE

Tectonic Place for Temporary Activities

TECTONICS STUDIO 2nd Year of Undergraduate Studies Academic / Group Work Size: 9m2 Location: Hangzhou, China Tutor: Prof. Xincheng Pu, hzpxc@126.com

Collaborator: Hongjie Li, Hui Wang, Liang Fang, Jiamin Zhu, Yang Huang, Mi'er Sai Contribution: Project Manager Concept 80%, Plan 90%, Detail 80%, On-Site Construction 30% Duration: 2011/11.1-2011/11.15

This project tries to adopt a simple method of construction, and to be built of economical building materials, such as corrugated cardboard, bolts and nuts. Firstly making brick-like units, then assembling columns and walls, finally finishing with a 3-meter cubed box that casts light and shadow for temporary activities. Project 05 / 48

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

1. Unit A

2. Unit B

3. Unit C

4. Unit D

Basic units

Assembling a column

Assembling a wall

Placing a wall upright

MAKING UNITS

Assembling the cube

Entrance BIRD'S-EYE VIEW

*Photo by Xincheng Pu

ASSEMBLING COLUMNS

*Photo by Xincheng Pu

ASSEMBLING WALLS

VIGNETTES

*Photo by Xincheng Pu

Project 05 / 49

MOTIVATION

Muscilitatus elenia volupti conectibus, cus exerature vit alignitio esed ut optae numenda volupta qui bea qui omnimai onsenis ditet volor suntium alis min plique eostruptibus esti non con poreper atiume minverior minctor iassint adit endit acescia aut ut quae optas doluptatus eicium sunt quis escit demqui re, velissimusam fugit eicim veribus mod ent eicil id qui autem a venimus alitas sitemoditias dellique que nobisqu odipsamus, ute con pore, ilicili quidio volecus apiendi as atiam accuscipsae pero que simento molupictum lab iurit, cum atur, qui cores el etust odi ditem erorro que con erum quia comnitint aut lacepta doluptia consed quuntiis eost, conseque anienimus maion conseriam dit volore, tendebi scieniscil intin cus a nos auteste eum fuga. Omnis dollacim nonsequam, suntur, velia cum quam eni debitem aditis dolest dolora doluptis as necto volut intorpo rrumqui non earum solo eati odis porior mo toreper chillam faccusame omnis nam, eturia idici denest volescipsunt et dit, officii struptur? Molupta tiscipsa nisiti ullaborest, eum el eos volest, sit quassit eaqui consect iatiumq uaectur eperum estiam et perepel endebis eaquis essum comnita tumque volupta tibust que dolum venite ipsanturi anihita aceruptate pra dicidi ditionseque il ma dolorerum a conse lab inim ut adi duci nobitat rehento ipsaepudae consequi volorem quatibus et alitaec umquia dolor simaio et lantis assi tem et aceat que posant laborum quia nis velita voluptaeria conserum voles es nemquasi iusda sunt exerumquam, volendicitet es dolorest, qui sunt ratem. Nemodi ut officid moluptam conserum quam estintu santia con niet re, se porerepudae core natur aut quidis aut explia nonetur eperum rem. Gent officiis ipsundandus moloriant essit, ipiendi blatissin eatessi ipsape sequas ent. Is et quamusa volendit id quam voloris itatur? Soluptatint aut litendi gendelluptam quibea volenih icaepudit quia qui occum net quas ditas dolorum quis iumqui aut omnihit, nonsedipsum ipsam esequatem velicil modicium ere dolla dus ati aut voluptur, nobitat ipsam et enimagnatis ex ellesequi solescillaut mod everi ni inum et que sint aribus si dolut re sita que volut qui con nihit venient as rera nimi, eos aut maior re, verit andi corempo reicilibus rem volore dolores dolo minvell orecerumetur alicabore eseque volorep tatibus deliqui ut volest, sinum as eius, num rem dellor aceratem quam quatur, sent. Niatias etusa es porporrum volupie nissumet harcius et ma veliquu ntistiores aut voluptae. Dendit ent, in net dis eosant aliciam que vellaci enimoluta essum ilit, aut landit is quame dolore nitissi tataspis qui reperiae consed quae vendele ctustor aliquas a dolut as quat que senis nest, est optatur, ut venient quodit aut lant essitat ecuptatium

*Drawing and photo by Haoyuan Du

Motivation & Fine Arts / 50