Good gums and teeth, healthy body

According to the American Dental Association (ADA) oral health touches every aspect of our lives but is often taken for granted. Your mouth is a window into the health of your body. Your teeth and gums can show signs of nutritional deficiencies or general infection. Systemwide diseases may first become apparent because of mouth lesions or other oral problems.

Dentists tell us our mouths are brimming with bacteria — mostly harmless strains. However, your mouth is the entry point to your digestive and respiratory tracts, and some of these bacteria can cause disease.

Ordinarily, brushing and flossing keep bacteria at bay. But, without proper care, bacteria can lead to infections such as tooth decay and gum disease.

Also, medical treatments involving decongestants, antihistamines, painkillers, diuretics and antidepressants can reduce saliva flow. Saliva is important because it cleanses and neutralizes acids produced by bacteria in the mouth which help protect our bodies from microorganisms that propagate and lead to disease.

Studies suggest that oral bacteria and inflammation from periodontitis might play a role in some diseases. And diseases like diabetes and HIV/AIDS, can lower the body's resistance to infection which will make oral health problems more severe.

According to the Mayo Clinic, your oral health might contribute to various diseases and conditions, including:

Endocarditis. This infection of the inner lining of your heart chambers or valves (endocardium) typically occurs when bacteria or other germs from another part of your body, such as your mouth, spread through your bloodstream and attach to certain areas in your heart.

Cardiovascular disease. Although the connection is not fully understood, some research suggests that heart disease, clogged arteries and stroke might be linked to the inflammation and infections that oral bacteria can cause.

Pregnancy and birth complications. Periodontitis has been linked to premature birth and low birth weight.

Pneumonia. Certain bacteria in your mouth can be pulled into your lungs, causing pneumonia and other respiratory diseases.

Certain conditions also might affect your oral health, including:

Diabetes. By reducing the body's resistance to infection, diabetes puts your gums at risk. Gum disease appears to be more frequent and severe among people who have diabetes. Research shows that people who have gum disease have a harder time controlling their blood sugar levels. Regular periodontal care can improve diabetes control.

HIV/AIDS. Oral problems, such as painful mucosal lesions, are common in people who have HIV/AIDS.

Osteoporosis. This boneweakening disease is linked with periodontal bone loss and tooth loss. Certain drugs used to treat osteoporosis carry a small risk of damage to the bones of the jaw.

Alzheimer's disease. Worsening oral health is seen as Alzheimer's disease progresses.

Other conditions that might be linked to oral health include eating disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, certain cancers and an immune system disorder that causes dry mouth (Sjogren's syndrome).

Tell your dentist about the medications you take and about changes in your overall health, especially if you've recently been ill or you have a chronic condition, such as diabetes.

How can I protect my oral health?

To protect your oral health, practice good oral hygiene daily.

• Brush your teeth at least twice a day with a softbristled brush using fluoride toothpaste.

• Floss daily.

• Use mouthwash to remove food particles left after brushing and flossing.

• Eat a healthy diet and limit food with added sugars.

• Replace your toothbrush every three months or sooner if bristles are splayed or worn.

• Schedule regular dental checkups and cleanings.

• Avoid tobacco use.

Also, contact your dentist as soon as an oral health problem arises. Taking care of your oral health is an investment in your overall health. H

–Christine Fanning