Input Lecture Aug 2021
Planning Green and Smart Urban Infrastructures for People-Centered Cities
Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland
Intro - New global topic Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland
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TOOL MAP Critical (Re-) Construction Temporary Urbanism Megascale Planning Generating Suburbia
Active Infill
Berlin
Shrinking City
Revitalizing Industry Mixed Use
Detroit
Planning the Metropolitan Area
DeUrbanization
Zürich
Horizontal Vertical Grid
Turbo Urbanism
Control
New York
Fragmented Suburban
Los Angeles
ReDensification
Revisiting Complexity
Repurposing Infrastructure
Creating Informality
Periodisation
Network of Green Infrastructure
Mexico City
Inventing a Capital
Mapping as a Research Tool
Recovering Waterscapes Macro-scale Social Housing
The Hybrid City
Caracas
Oil and the Automobile City
Multiple Hubs
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Sao Paulo
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Urban Mobility
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Developer as Architect
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Athens
Social Production of Public Space
Usergenerated Urbanism
Mapping as an Analytical Tool
Havanna
Identity Construction
Sarajevo
Madrid Places for Experimentation
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p i P s Pragmatic MultiCulturalism
Gated Communities
Guangzhou
Urban Villages
Shenzhen
Post Olympic Urbanism
Handshake Urbanism
Cairo
Coincidental Master Plans
Megascale Neighbourhoods
Desert Cities
Top-Down Urban Planning
Rebelious Informality
MicroPlanning
(Infra-) Cultural Design
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Development through Distribution
Cooperation & Dialogue
Masterplanning Segregation
Cape Town
Micro / Temporary Programs
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Destruction / Reconstruction
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Ecology / Landscape
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Public Infrastructure / Mobility
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Informal / Hybrid City
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Governance / Policy
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Housing
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Suburbia
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Community Projects
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City Extension
City Action Lab, Urban Global Toolbox, ETH Zurich, Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, Profs. Hubert Klumpner&Alfredo Brillembourg, Dr. Haris Piplas et. al.
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Charles Waldheim, Landscape Urbanism Harvard University
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Integrated approach Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland
Concept
Lobbying/ Acquisition Lobbying/ Acquisition Sustainability
Concept
Research
Strategies
Scenarios
Research
Strategies
Scenarios A
City
City
AUDI MOBILE
AB
Adaptability Sustainability
Innovative Mobilities
Flexibility Identity
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Innovative Mobilities New Centralities
Identity Diversity
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t h AB
Diversity Smartness
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Prototypical Architectures
Smartness Adaptability
Flexibility
AUDI MOBILE
Prototypical Architectures
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Work/Livingspace
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A B
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p i P s Intervention Intervention Looping Network
Looping Network Mixed-use Buildings
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Mixed-use Buildings
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Hybrid Infrastructure
ED
Hybrid Infrastructure Public Space
E
Public Space
New Centralities Multifunctional City
Multifunctional City Adding Infrastructures
Work/Livingspace
FlexibleTypologies
Densification Adding Infrastructures 21
FlexibleTypologies
Densification 21
City Action Lab, Urban Global Toolbox, ETH Zurich, Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, Profs. Hubert Klumpner&Alfredo Brillembourg, Dr. Haris Piplas et. al.
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DREES & SOMMER BLUE CITY Integrated Urban Solutions
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g i r https://scontent-ams3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/ y p t31.0-8/11312945_1593353774252154_261433514954904 o C T F A R U-TT’s Reactivate Sarajevo Forum, in Skenderija Dom Mladih, May 2015
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2.
CITY PLANNER
CITY MAYOR
5.
SUSTAINABILITY ENGINEER a sustainability engineering
political
9x
political
1x
envrionmental
1x
envrionmental
6x
social
9x
social
12x 12x social housing
12x family business
12x start-
train station
school
20x
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9x
envrionmental
4x
social
9x
20x comercial
station
warehouse
12x start-
r y p
o C
12x
train station
green roof
facility
station
D t
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20x
construction
bus station
warehouse
water treatment
solar
urban farming
recycling center
h ig green roof
1.
CITY OFFICIAL
political
construction
12x
construction
3.
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envrionmental social
VISION
bus
REAL ESTATE DEVELOPER
20x
12x
construction
political
10x
NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION
12x social housing
ground
political
envrionmental social
construction
12x family business
university
community centre
school
6.
social equality and urban sus-
political
political
political
envrionmental
4x
envrionmental
envrionmental
social
6x
social
social
construction
construction
construction
solar
water treatment
clinic
cultural building
university
4.
an activist group organized by
its urban strategy 1x
p i P s
CITIZEN REPRESENTATIVE
12x social housing
community centre
cultural building
slow mobility street
clinic
urban farming
recycling center
Elective Course 2015 - Game v2.0 Urban Simulation Game U-TT Chair of Architecture and Urban Design - Prof. Brillembourg & Prof. Klumpner February 2016 - Page 30 ETH Zurich, Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, Profs. Hubert Klumpner&Alfredo Brillembourg, Dr. Haris Piplas et. al.
Spring Semester Elective Course - Play, negotiate and act!
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STRATIFICATION money FLOODING RISK
high investment costs high income
$
low investment
$$$$ $$$
12 billion / year energy savings 2.6 billion / year water savings
$ $
1.9 billion / year energy savings 64 millions / year water savings
POLLUTION
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low water pollution recycling of renewable energy soft transportation modes
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existing drainage expansion of current projects
residential 45%
institutional 5%
max. 5 floors min. 2 floors
marginal 5%
= 570.000 m2 (tot. usable srf.) recreational 60%
cultural 30%
+
informal 15%
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i r a comercial 20%
residential 40%
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marginal 10%
informal 15%
$$$
marginal 15%
formal 70%
recreational 60%
strata 1 strata 2
green roof permeable surfaces increase water base
+
= 150.000 m2 (tot. usable srf.)
strata 3 strata 5
institutional 5%
max. 40 floors min. 5 floors
formal 70%
+
= 460.000 m2 (tot. usable srf.)
marginal 5%
formal 20%
DIVERSITY
informal 15%
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SCENARIO 4
formal 20%
max. 20 floors current heights (~2 floors)
energy
comercial 55%
industrial 5%
industrial 5%
SCENARIO 3 residential 4%
comercial 91%
offices 3%
public space % hard & green r 40%
SCENARIO 2
informal 20%
DENSIFICATION
residential 10%
comercial 40%
LAND USE
institutional 7%
SCENARIO 1
strata 3 strata 5
strata 3
$$$
high investment costs (private sector)
$$$
high investment costs (for public space)
$$$ $$
10 billion / year energy savings 1.6 billion / year water savings
$ $
1.5 billion / year energy savings 0.9 billion / year water savings
balanced high exposure good infrastructure
low exposure change drainage system water storage
high water pollution better solid waste management exclusive solid waste management privatization
better water treatment campaign to clean the canal
87 kWh / m 2 / year
74 kWh / m2 / year
34 lpd / year 51 kWh / m2 / year
23 kWh / m / year
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TRANSPORTATION
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6 lpd / year
8 lpd / year
7 lpd / year
circulation 1.500 person / hour
circulation 4.680 person / hour
circulation 5.660 person / hour
circulation 3.700 person / hour
impact 18.000 vehicles / km
impact 26.300 vehicles / km
impact 28.200 vehicles / km
impact 8.887 vehicles / km
Barranquilla Summer Schools 2014-2015
© U-TT, ETH Zurich
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MARKETS IN THE TROPICS
Urban Think-Tank Methodology U-TT Chair of Architecture and Urban Design - Prof. Brillembourg & Prof. Klumpner February 2016 - Page 17 ETH Zurich, Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, Profs. Hubert Klumpner&Alfredo Brillembourg, Dr. Haris Piplas et. al.
Spring Semester Elective Course - Play, negotiate and act!
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City - Region - Landscape Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland
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SCALES & THEMATIC CLUSTERS “Micro/Temporary Programs” presents a
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new form of urban appropriation and reactivation of leftover and residual spaces, activating them for limited time mainly with recreational and educational functions and encouraging a direct interaction between the space and the user. It also describes a phenomenon of nomadic urbanism, which means a space in constant transformation. Usually, in an bottom-up manner, individuals start to take proactive roles by carrying out their own ideas, making use of the space available, overcoming the lack of budgets with their creative potential.
MICRO
scale interventions, which are mainly bottom-up and temporary initiatives but with an immense impact on the urban context. In the case of Sao Paulo, the tool “Microplanning” showed the creation of urban creative practices in the existing urban fabric as a response to the need for communal spaces for leisure, recreation and sporting activities.
“Community Projects” include social infrastructure
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where buildings and landscapes with educational, recreational and cultural functions are being strategically implanted into the urban fabric.
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“Informal/Hybrid City” includes the inter-connection and mutual dependence of informal and formal parts of cities. Often informal and formal structures overlap and influence each other, creating a hybrid urban environment. The coexistence and symbiosis of these two are visible in different cities.
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“City Extension” includes new large-scale
projects that usually have the aim to add new neighborhoods to the city, often provoked by mega-events or the vision to provide to the city the missing functions, from residential to commercial and industrial ones.
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MEDIUM scale interventions implemented in the city’s urban
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“Suburbia” shows how a new mode of urbanism pushes the growth of the city to the periphery, leaving entire downtown areas empty and abandoned. Here new transportation networks, detached single family house typologies and the location of new shopping malls define the urban landscape of mostly peripheral areas of the city.
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fabric. In the case of Mexico City, the tool “Network of Green Infrastructure” explained the implementation of “The Green Plan”, an urban policy seeking to address issues such as air pollution and traffic congestion by introducing infrastructural projects such as the Bus Rapid Transit System.
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MACRO scale urban plan or project, provoking a massive urban
transformation in great part of the city. If we remember the case of Berlin, the tool “Megascale Planning” showed the implementation of a massive urban expansion plan for Great Berlin. In the following decades another city-scaled project sought to convert Berlin into the capital of the Third Reich.
“Housing” includes social housing development schemes and the ones delegated to private real estate developers. This produces often a new model of vast rows of uniform and mass-produced homes, with minor access to public facilities and detached from the city center. Often, inhabitants start to create solutions for their own necessities by organizing and adding basic services.
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p i P s
“Destruction/Reconstruction”
shows the issues of de-urbanized and destroyed cities and the processes of their renovation and re-structuration that often produces new urban identities and new functions.
“Ecology/Landscape” explains the implementation of ecological/landscape architectural interventions in the urban fabric. Mostly these measures deal with local resources and are directed towards dealing with environmental problems in order to implement sustainable development scenarios.
“Governance/Policy” presents initiatives that come from governmental entities intended to (re)shape a city or to initiate territorial restructuring of a larger scale.
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“Public
infrastructure
/
Mobility”
presents plans for the construction of highways, railway networks, bridges, tunnels as well as new public transport systems and environmentally friendly modes of mobility for the constantly growing cities.
City Action Lab, Urban Global Toolbox, ETH Zurich, Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, Profs. Hubert Klumpner&Alfredo Brillembourg, Dr. Haris Piplas et. al.
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Natura 2000 Forest green roof
wildflower verge
green wall hedgerow
biodiversity-rich business park
Rachel Hudson/butterfly track
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multifunctional farming
beehives
o C reedbed
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wildlife overpass
fish ladder
Potential components of a Green Infrastructure
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❚ Core areas of high biodiversity value which act as hubs for GI, such as protected areas like Natura 2000 sites ❚ Core areas outside protected areas containing large healthy functioning ecosystems ❚ Restored habitats that help reconnect or enhance existing natural areas, such as a restored reedbed or wild flower meadow ❚ Natural features acting as wildlife corridors or stepping stones, like small watercourses, ponds, hedgerows, woodland strips
❚ Artificial features that enhance ecosystem services or assist wildlife movement such as eco-ducts or eco-bridges, fish ladders or green roofs ❚ Buffer zones that are managed sustainably and help improve the general ecological quality and permeability of the landscape to biodiversity, e.g. wildlife-friendly farming ❚ Multi-functional zones where compatible land uses can join forces to create land management combinations that support multiple land uses in the same spatial area, e.g. food production and recreation
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District- Neighbourhood Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland
Summary of the project
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• Green District is an urban development project with profound and lasting positive economic and environmental impact, in line with the local governmental priorities. • To ensure this added value, dialogue with local stakeholders is essential. Our ideas and principles have a strong foothold in the Swiss Smart and Green City Development sector. • It is an innovative and pioneering project. A role-model for the development of smart and sustainable urban projects, respecting the SDG goals and to be organized as a PPDP with international and local partners – intervowen with Swiss know-how.
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2000Watt Sites
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Smart City Switzerland
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Smart Grid
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• The project covers all three pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic and social. It responds to the growing need of the Indian people to live according to the SDG goals and to strive for a stimulating, safe, inclusive and healthy living environment, without being segregated (inside exclusive gated communities)
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• This project will be first of its kind smart & green township project which will be carbon neutral. It will set and example of how decentralised planning of smart nodes that collectively form an integrated urban grid.
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Smart Grid
Urbanistic Excellence, Environmental Best-practice and Economic Catalyst
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• The future city districts will be characterized by a high percentage of green buildings, short and safe walking distances and high quality of living. Their environmental sustainability will be certified based on the 2000W resource efficiency carbon-neutral label. The extensive green belt and green corridor axes will add to the ecosystem services, biodiversity preservation and soil protection.
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• In the design of the masterplan by 2000Watt SmartCities Association and partner Drees&Sommer’s Schweiz AG ‘Integrated Urban Solution’ sector, multi-disciplinary methodologies and multi-stakeholder approach is a basic principle of the company culture. Interaction with the community, experts and other project participants will provide an important exchange of valuable information, experiences and ideas that are later incorporated into the urban strategies, plans and designs.
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• Project experience: strategic city management (Brainport, Morgenstadt), urban development projects with Swiss government and ETH (Latin America, Eastern Europe), D&S case studies of urban planning and development projects in Germany, Egypt and Mongolia and Greencity.Zürich.
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2000 Watt Smart Model Township
Parks and Trees
Farmer
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Private Green
Forest
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Greenhouses
2000 Watt Smart Township
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Buildings
Sustainability analysis and Campus & District Scenarios
Temporary inclusive spatial use
Public space 30
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Areal Plan
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Mobility concept
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Land use planning
Insolation and wind flow
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D t
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development order of different village clusters
view of AudiPolis looking East
AudiPolis Urban Think-Tank Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, ETH Zurich
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Landscape - Ecosystems - Architecture
Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland
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Informal Toolbox Urban Think-Tank Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, ETH Zurich; Columbia University
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Informal Toolbox Urban Think-Tank Chair of Architecture and Urban Design, ETH Zurich; Columbia University
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Smart Green Futures
Wasserfront incl. dike
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Integration of buildings and ecologies
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Intelligent water management in public space
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Riverfront
Smart Masterplanning
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AGROCITÉ R-URBAN, AN AGENCY OF CO-PRODUCED URBAN REGENERATION
ARCHITECT: ATELIER D’ARCHITECTURE AUTOGÉRÉE LOCATION: COLOMBES, PARIS, FRANCE YEAR: 2012-2014 PROJECT DETAILS: - CULTIVABLE LAND - AREA FOR ACTIVITIES RELATED TO NATURE AND AGRICULTURE - AREA FOR COMMUNITY GARDENING - SUPPORTING CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES - EXPERIMENTAL URBAN AGRICULTURAL FARM - SHARED GARDEN FOR RESIDENTS OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD - SHARED GREENHOUSE FOR PLANTS AND SEEDLINGS - SEED LIBRARY - VEGETABLE MARKET AND LOCAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS - COLLECTIVE CAFÉ AND COOKING FACILITY - COLLECTIVE BREAD OVEN
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7.2.3 Project NODE 1 Centro Social
LINEAR INTERVENTION Resilient Canal System
with Market on Ground Floor Shaded Seating Area
Shaded Picnic Area
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Bike and Nature Route
Shaded Picnic Area
Experiential Boardwalk Structure
Shaded Seating Area
Bus Stop
Public Transport Route
Lighting for all public areas
Pedestrian Walkway
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p i P s Floating Bioswales
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Mangroves
7.2 Cartagena
Ferry Stop: Eco-tourism access point
BIOSWALE EASEMENT_ Stormwater runoff for plant use and stormwater filtration
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PUBLIC SPACE_Activity Zones: Playground
PUBLIC SPACE_Activity Zones: Fitness Parcour
BERM_Folded Landscape creates a constructed elevated landscape for flood protection
SOFT WATER EDGE Permeable Surfaces and Water Access Points
Section on: NODE 1 LINEAR INTERVENTION 7. Project Proposals
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REMOVE FENCES
REMOVE FENCES
FUTURE ARS AEVI MUSEUM
TEMPORARY ACCESS CAFE TITO
Administracij a
Cafe
Biblioteka
WC
WC
PLAYGROUND
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SECONDARY ACCESS
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SLIDES
FOOTBALL
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URBAN GARDENING
MAIN ENTRANCE
VOLLEYBALL
PICNIC
FOOD TRUCKS NATIONAL MUSEUM NEW MAIN WALKWAY
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Sarajevo Now: People’s Museum Design concept by Urban-Think Tank and Baier Bischofberger Architekten
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2.2 Cartagena
2.2.3 Project
Cartagena 2.0: Vision for a resilient future
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oo rh bo igh on e z N Po El
LINEAR INTERVENTION Interventíon Lineal, 100mt Canal new infrastructure for kiosks, public sanitation, shaded outdoor areas, sunroofs and inviting green zones. This new “Intervention Lineal” along the canal has a system of “Integrated Infrastructure Points” that are defined by a small building typology with enclosed areas (lockable volumes), terraces and roofs with PV, that are integrated into the berm design providing the local residents with access to solid waste management collection points, areas for picnicing, kiosks as well as outdoor educational programming. Throughout the site, a comprehensive lighting system will provide secure illuminated areas during hours of darkness. The First Phase of Development will include the Node 1 and 100 meters of Linear Development along the canal creating a new centrality. The second phase foresees an extension of the new landscape along the canal providing a safe, resilient and prosperous zone at the new edge of the city.
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lP dE
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Fe
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P xt
Ha Cu rd E rre dg nt e C ly a Un nal de Sys r C te on m str uc
se Ex ist
ing
1 se a Ph
Ec o
t ep nc
ys wa ter Wa
ica
lS tra te gy S
of
ha
Be rm
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nd it
ion
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Ed ge
se
Ad So diti il S ve ed Lay im er en tat ion
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Pr ot ec t
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n Co sig cy De lien rm Resi e B th wi
lo g
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P xt
rry Sto p
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e ut Ro nd nt t a eme r o sp anag an Tr e M lic ast b Pu lid W So
ion
Replicable Prototype of Development of 100 meter along Canal Chia Maria
Thank you ! Dr. sc. ETH Haris Piplas
Do-Director Sector Integrated Urban Solutions Drees & Sommer Switzerland