1501 abstractbook bookofabstracts by Hasan Ibrahim Kozan

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1345

MORINGA OLEIFERA AND IMPORTANCE IN PHYTOTHERAPY 1

FILIZ CEYLAN , AHSEN SEVDE ÇINAR , ALEV ÖNDER

ABSTRACT The Moringa genus is known as a plant that can cope with all kinds of climate conditions and is therefore widely grown throughout the world. The Moringa oleifera, a species unique to India, is also grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is commonly known as a "drumstick tree" or "horseradish tree." This species is a fast-growing tree native to South Asia. When examined regarding both its content and its effects, M. oleifera has made a reputation as a species called "miracle tree." Minerals, vitamins and other phytochemicals are also very rich in this species, and it is very popular in Ayurvedic medicine. It can even provide all the needs of the human body. Other notable effects include antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antifungal, antiviral and milk boosting effects. Besides, it is mentioned economically, also used in water cleaning treatment. Especially in under-developed countries, it has a place as additional food. Moringa oleifera, which has such a significant effect, will be tried to be introduced to this preliminary study because it is evaluated as phytotherapy with the aid of this poster to be presented.

KEYWORDS Moringa oleifera, phytotherapy, drumstick tree

Corresponding Author: FİLİZ CEYLAN, ceylanfiliz8@gmail.com 1 1 NO’LU ALTİNDAĞ SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM MERKEZİ, ANKARA TÜRKİYE 2 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1346

STEVIA REBAUDIANA: A POTENTIAL BOON FOR HUMAN HEALTH 1

KHAZINA AMIN , SENAY OZGEN , ZELIHA SELAMOGLU

ABSTRACT A high potency low calorie bio-sweetener “Stevia” has been grown in many countries around the globe for its sweetening and health promoting properties. Besides of making the world a sweeter place, Stevia is well known for its efficient therapeutic and pharmacological agents which possess antimicrobial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant activity. Leaves of Stevia have been used from the ancient times to cure various chronic and non-chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, renal disease, inflammatory bowel disease and dental cavities. The phytoconstituents of this plant, steviosides, rebaudiosides A-F, steviolbioside and dulcosides, were found to be nontoxic in many research studies. Stevioside is the main herbal sweetener that is 100-350 times sweeter than the sucrose. It has pleasant taste, good solubility in water and safely metabolized by the body without any toxic effect. High nutritional profile of Stevia leaves makes it superior to other sugar substitutes. There is an increased demand in Stevia production from past decade due to fast growing trend in diet foods or low calorie foods and beverages. Markets exist for Stevia but still there is lack in its efficient production strategies. The great interest in Stevia has fueled many studies on it to meet the rising food market demands. Research needs to be directed on Stevia and its metabolic pathways to explore full potential regarding benefits on human health. This review article summarizes the existing literature on Stevia cultivation, nutrition, therapeutic and pharmacological properties to provide a baseline for new research on Stevia and its metabolites.

KEYWORDS steviolbioside, steviosides, rebaudiosides

Corresponding Author: KHAZİNA AMİN, khazinaamin@gmail.com 1 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR UNİVERSİTY

1392

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1347

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SATUREJA HORTENSIS ESSENTIAL OIL ON MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS. 1

SABIHA AYDOGDU , ULKU ALTOPARLAK , SABAN KORDALI , ICLAL AGAN , DEMET CELEBI

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Satureja hortensis is a well-known aromatic and medicinal plant. It has also been used as a folk remedy to treat various ailments such as indigestion, diarrhea and infectious diseases. The highest proportion of the chemical components of the esential oil are carvacrol and thymol. OBJECTİVE This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol extract of Stureja hortensis oil on microorganisms isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. MATERIALS and METHODS Satureja hortensis oil was isolated by hydrodistilation method. The oil composition was analyzed by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), thus obtaining the crude essential oil extract used for antimicrobial tests. Microorganisms were obtained clinical isolates from Atatürk University Hospital. Microdilution and Disc Diffusion method were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extract against 9 diabetic foot agents including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerugenes, Candida albicans and Escherichia.coli. RESULTS: The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values (μg/ml) of the carvacrol extract of essential oil were determined for P. aeruginosa (33.75 μg/ml), K. pneumoniae (16.08 μg/ml), P. mirabilis (MIC <1.05μg/ml), S. epidermidis (MIC <1.05μg/ml), A. baumannii (MIC <1.05μg/ml), S. aureus (MIC< 1.05μg/ml), E. aerugenes (8.4 μg/ml), E. coli (8.4 μg/ml) and Candida albicans (MIC < 1.05μg/ml). In the disc diffusion method; the inhibition zones were measured as 8 mm for P. aeruginosa, 16 mm for K. pneumoniae, 15 mm for P. mirabilis, 30 mm for S. epidermidis, 30 mm for A. baumannii, 30 mm for S. aureus, 21 mm for E. aerogenes, 30 mm for C. albicans and 14 mm for E.coli. CONCLUSION: Carvacrol extract of Satureja hortensis showed antimibrobial effects on tested microorganisms. Plant extracts should be considered when used in part of replacement treatment.

KEYWORDS Satureja hortensis, Antimicrobial Activity, Diabetic foot ulcer

Corresponding Author: SABİHA AYDOGDU, sabiha_sens@hotmail.com 1 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, SCHOOL OF MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF MEDİCAL MİCROBİOLOGY, ERZURUM 2 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PROTECTİON, ERZURUM 3 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, VETERİNARY FACULTY, ERZURUM

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1348

EFFECTS OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS ON INSECTS 1

ZÜHAL SAÇTI , TUĞBA AKDENIZ FIRAT

ABSTRACT Our country has a rich flora and a large number of medical and aromatic plants. The number of species is about 9,000. While almost 20.000 species used for medical purposes in the world, this figure is about 500 in our country. In addition to the medical and pharmaceutical industry, these plants are benefited from many other areas. One of these areas is agriculture. Today, depending on the increase in the use of pesticides, environmentally friendly alternative methods which do not disturb natural balances are used in agriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants are also benefited for this purpose. The important properties of plants on killing microorganisms and human health have been investigated in laboratories since 1926. Studies have been conducted on the use of extracts and essential oils against various insects and alternative methods of controlling weeds. However, due to the fact that there is a large amount of plants and insects, these studies will continue. In this study, in plant health subject, the positive and negative effects of medicinal and aromatic plants on harmful and beneficial insects, usage areas and experiments about these plants and pests have been investigated.

KEYWORDS plant health, pests, medicinal aromatic plant, environmentally friendly

Corresponding Author: ZÜHAL SAÇTI, zhlerenler@gmail.com 1 ZİRAİ MÜCADELE MERKEZ ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ-ANKARA

1394

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1349

Α-AMYLASE AND Α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF THE EXTRACTS AND CONSTITUENTS OF FERULAGO PACHYLOBA ROOTS 1

SONGÜL KARAKAYA , SEFA GÖZCÜ , ZÜHAL GÜVENALP , HILAL ÖZBEK , HAFIZE YUCA , CAVIT KAZAZ , CEYDA 4 SIBEL KILIÇ

ABSTRACT Context: Ferulago species have been used since ancient times for the treatment of intestinal worms, hemorrhoids and as tonic, digestive, aphrodisiac and sedative. Apart from its medicinal uses, they have been used as salad or spice due to their special odors. Objectives: This study reports αamylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of extracts and bioactive compounds isolated from the roots F. pachyloba. Material and methods: The structures of isolated compounds through in vitro bioassay-guided fractionation processes from the roots of F. pachyloba were elucidated by detailed analyses of 1D and 2D NMR and ESI-MS data. Results: Eight known ones, osthole (1), imperatorin (2), bergapten (3), prantschimgin (4), grandivitinol (5), xanthotoxin (6), felamidin (7), umbelliferone (8), and a sterol mixture consisted of stigmasterol (9), β-sitosterol (10) was isolated from the roots of F. pachyloba. Felamidin and osthole showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with 0.42 and 0.95 mg/mL IC50 values, respectively, when compared to the reference standard acarbose (IC50 4.95 mg/mL). On the other hand, none of the tested extracts were found to be active on α-amylase inhibition. Discussion and conclusion: The present study demonstrated that among the compounds isolated from CH2Cl2 fraction of F. pachyloba roots, coumarins were determined the main chemical constituents of this fraction. This study aims to give first report on isolation and characterization of the bioactive compounds from root extracts of F. pachyloba and to report α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of this species.

KEYWORDS Ferulago pachyloba; Apiaceae; α-glucosidase; α-amylase; coumarin; felamidin; osthole

Corresponding Author: SONGÜL KARAKAYA, ecz-songul@hotmail.com 1 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ 2 ERZİNCAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ 3 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN FAKÜLTESİ 4 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN FAKÜLTESİ

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1351

CARDAMOM AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD: ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT 1

TESLIME ÖZGE YÖRÜSÜN , NILÜFER ACAR TEK , GAMZE AKBULUT , OSMAN BOZKURT

ABSTRACT Cardamom is a tall, perennial herbaceous plants belonging to Elettaria and Amomum species of the Zingiberaceae family. Commonly grown and used species are Elettaria cardamomum Maton (green cardamom) and Amomum subulatum Roxburgh (black cardamom). The plants of these two species are known for their characteristic flavor of 15-20 black-brown seeds buried in the fruit. The sweet, spicy and citrusy flavor of cardamom is determined by the essential oil content. Volatile oil content in seeds ranges from 2% to 5% depending on storage conditions. Essential oil contains 1,8cineol (36.3%), α-terpinyl acetate (31.3%) and limonene (11.6%) compounds. The content of 1,8cineol and α-terpinyl acetate is the most important factor in the formation of the aroma of cardamom. Due to the volatile oils in its composition, the shelf life of the cardamom is short and the taste is directly influenced by the amount of these essential oils. Cardamom gives the most aroma to the food as powder. However, loss of fat and aroma is also rapid in this form. For this reason, it is necessary to protect the cardamom powder more carefully than in the form of seeds and capsules. It is stated in vacuum package that it can be stored at 5 ° and 90-180 days without losing aroma. As well as flavoring of nutrients, cardamom is also used in therapeutic and preventive curative in traditional medicine. It is generally used as a therapeutic agent in dental and gingival infections, tuberculosis, digestive and renal diseases. Due to antimicrobial effects against foodborne bacterial pathogens, interest in spices and aromatic herbs is increasing day by day in both industrial and scientific researches. Bacteria can develop resistance to drugs used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, new alternatives to these drugs need to be developed. When the antimicrobial effects of cumin, cinnamon, black cardamom and clove plants were examined, it was found that the black cardamom extract had the highest antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli SS1 at the lowest concentration (2.83 mg/ml) and because of its eucalyptol content, it possessed good antibacterial effect on Salmonella spp. and Bacillus licheniformis. When evaluated according to extraction solvents, the aqueous extract inhibited all bacterial strains and showed the most effective extract on Staphylococcus aureus. Green cardamom extract was found to inhibit bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, Candida albicans, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Staphylococcus aureus. The type of bacteria in which the green cardamom extract was most effective was observed as S. aureus, an important cause of foodborne intoxication. It was found that black cardamom was effective against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escheria Coli bacteria, and this effect on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was more effective than erythomycin, an antibacterial drug. The green cardamom was also effective against M. luteus, S. aureus and B. cereus bacteria after it is cooked. The use of 0.3 mg/g of green cardamom extract with high antimicrobial efficacy has been shown to induce toxic effects in rats by triggering inflammation, oxidative stress and cardiac cell necrosis in the brain. It is recommended Corresponding Author: TESLİME ÖZGE YÖRÜSÜN, tozgeyrsn@gmail.com 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

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that the amount of green cardamom be not more than 0.03mg/g. The methanolic extract of black cardamom seed is not toxic up to 3 g/kg. As a result, cardamom is a promising plant, especially due to antimicrobial effects on food-borne pathogens. It has been reported that high dose intake may be toxic as a result of rat studies, but more dose studies are needed.

KEYWORDS Cardamom, Food-borne pathogens, Functional foods, Antimicrobial effect

1397

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1352

DETERMINATION OF THE CURRENT SITUATION OF LAVENDER PRODUCTION IN TURKEY BY SWOT ANALYSIS 1

SELDA ARSLAN , MERVE GÜZEL , ŞAHINDE ŞILI

ABSTRACT Lavender, one of the most tradable 15 essential oil plants in the world, has become the most popular plant of the cosmetics industry in recent years. Flowers are the part of lavender which has economic value. Essential oil is extracted from the flowers and flower stalks of the plant. According to TURKSTAT data; 747 tons of lavender was cultivated from 570 hectares of land in 2016, in Turkey. The cultivation of lavender and planting areas has been increased with its increased importance in cosmetic industry. However, this increase is still not enough to satisfy the demand. For this reason, Turkey imports essential oil extracted from lavender or lavantin, from the other countries such as Germany, France, England, Switzerland. According to TURKSTAT data; 6 tons of lavender or extracted essential oil, costed 192 thousand dollars, were imported in 2016, while only 194 kg of was exported and about 20 thousand dollars was earned. In this study, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of lavender cultivation in Turkey have been determined. By this way, the current situation has been put forward by considering internal and external evaluation and targeted to bring forward proposals for reducing import. The lavender cultivation is quite suitable for the evaluation of unplanted, barren and irrigation limited lands, when the types of plants cultivated are considered in Turkey. For this reason, it has been pointed out the correct cultivation planning of lavender, a perennial plant, and precautions that should be taken before entering the lavender market. In addition that, the aim of the study is to acquire the unplanted land for agriculture and to make agricultural fields more efficient by encouraging the cultivation of lavender as an alternative crop.

KEYWORDS Lavender production, SWOT analysis, Essential oil, Alternative product, Import / Export

Corresponding Author: SELDA ARSLAN, selda.arslan@tarim.gov.tr 1 TARIMSAL EKONOMİ VE POLİTİKA GELİŞTİRME ENSTİTÜSÜ 2 TRAKYA TARIMSAL ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ

1398

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1353

PROBLEMS OF MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANT USE IN TURKEY 1

KASIM EREN TUNA , TUĞÇE UĞUR , NERMIN BAHŞİ , DILEK BOSTAN BUDAK

ABSTRACT Medicinal plants” are identified and used directly or indirectly in the treatment of the humans and the animals, or are applied in order to avoid the diseases. The plants that produce and exude any aromatic substances are so called “aromatic plants”. They contain aromas, flavors, condiments and essential oils. The traditional and modern medicine utilize the medicinal and aromatic plants as remedies to prevent diseases, to maintain health and healing. They are useful as nutritional supplements, herbal teas, taste and flavor in feeding therewithal. In our country, the people are interested in using herbal remedies, day by day. The exposure to intense information through the television, internet and media has also raised the demand on medicinal and aromatic plants. It is significant and quite important to know the origin of the medicinal herbs (i.e. where and when they are collected) in terms of the effectiveness of the related plant in the treatment of diseases and for the human health. While we take precautions against harmful residues accumulated on an apple bought from the market, by washing thoroughly or peeling the crumbs before consuming it; this will not be as possible as in dried herbs that give off their flavor and active ingredients on the water. The plants collected from various areas where there is a high level of toxic gas emission such as neighboring highways, railway lines and factories, in gardens, fields and grasslands where chemical fertilizer are frequently used or sprayed, polluted waterside, etc. will also cause a risk for the human health. For medicinal and aromatic plants, the washing (made usually for root drogs), drying and storage process period is very important after the plant has been collected until being put to the shelves of the market. For example, the washing process must be done with cool water and the plants must not be wait wet before starting the drying process. Taking a long time contact with water can lead to a loss of the active substance, as well as increased risk of spoilage. The drying process is also of great importance for the protection of the active substance. In this case, direct contact with the sun's rays in a long-term should be avoided. The plant should not cause any loss of active substance while the plant loses water. On the other hand, we should also be sure that the plant has lost enough water and should not pave the way for the formation of bacterias and fungal growth. While storing and drying the medicinal plants, we should pay attention to the products which should not exceed the microbial activity limit because of the moisture they can have and simultaneously the loss of the essential oils in the extreme heat will be unfavourable as well. A dry and cool storage area should be selected. Another common problem in our country is the unrestrained sales of these herbs on internet and the weak control of herbalists. The seller of medicinal herbs, by other means the herbalist is "the person who prepares and sells spices, fragrance, healing and beneficial plants". When the pharmacies were not available in old times as they are today, the herbalists had not only sell fragrance, but also animal and vegetable plants used for pharmaceutical production. Various precautions can be taken to solve these problems. In this paper,

Corresponding Author: DİLEK BOSTAN BUDAK, dbostanbudak@gmail.com 1 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 OSMANİYE KORKUT ATA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

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general problems of medical and aromatic plant use in Turkey are discussed; and some recomandadtions have been proposed.

KEYWORDS Medical Plant, Aromatic Plant, Ethical Problems, Turkey

1400

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1354

BIOACTIVE, PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND THERAPEUTIC USE OF CAPPARIS PLANT 1

LALE EREZER , ASIM KART , HIDAYET TUTUN

ABSTRACT Cappari is a plant widely grown in the hot regions of the world, belonging to the genus capparis from the family of Capparidaceae, consisting of 39 genera and 650 species. Among these species, Capparis spinosa, Capparis ovata and Capparis decidua are the most commonly investigated species in terms of pharmacological, therapeutic and nutritional properties. The presence of alkaloids, phytosterols, flavanoids and phenolic acids, glycosinolates, antioxidants, quarternary ammonium compounds and vitamins with different pharmacological activity were found in the caper plant. The cappari species have significant anti-inflammatory activity, which is reported to inhibit the formation of prostaglandin and other inflammatory mediators in the cyclooxygenase pathway. Studies using different extracts have shown that these extracts exhibit partial and selective antimicrobial activity. The cappari plant has a very rich antioxidant structure, mainly quercetin, phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, alkaloids, flavanoids, and routines. It has been reported that some glucosinolates such as benzyl-, p-hydroxybenzyl-, and 2-hydroxybutyl-3-enyl glucosinolate present in the cappari plant are chemically protective against cancers. Antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, diuretic, antiallergic, antidiarrheal, antiviral, hepatoprotective, antiatherosclerotic, antifungal, antihypertensive, anthelmintic, diuretic and hypolipidemic effects of different cappari species have been shown. Some studies have shown that the plant species belonging to the family Capparidaceae also have effects on the nervous system. In the recent years, therapeutic effects have been reported for cappari species with sedative, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, analgesic, antiepileptic effects and for myelin loss seen in multiple sclerosis.

KEYWORDS Cappari, Pharmacotherapy, Bioactive components, Phytoterapi

Corresponding Author: ASIM KART, asimkart@hotmail.com 1 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1401

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1355

THE EFFECT OF BLACK MULBERRY (MORUS NIGRA L.)SYRUP ORAL BACTERIA ON BIOFILM FORMATION 1

ELIF AY , MERIH KIVANÇ

ABSTRACT Black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is a kind of flowering plant in Moraceae family, and is unique to southwest Asia. There are wild and cultivated species of mulberries in Anatolia, which have a significant change. The amount of mulberry production in Turkey is high. Black mulberry (M. nigra L) is a very rich source of flavonoids, especially anthocyanins. It is stored in different forms, because it is a non-durable product. One of them is to make a mulberry syrup. Aphtous ulcers are very painful lesions, often surrounded by a pale yellow-red halo in the mouth on the buccal and lip mucosa, tongue, soft palate, pharynx, and gingiva. Mulberry syrup is commonly used for the treatment of lesions in the mouth. Microorganisms are protected by biofilm formation, from negative environmental conditions. They can survive and multiply in the biofilms. Biofilms are resistant to environmental conditions such as antibiotics and chemical substances. Various substances and antibiotics are used for preventing biofilm formation. Their use also leads to various problems; so in recent years the trend towards natural products has been increased. In this study, the effect of the mulberry syrup on biofilm formation of bacteria that was isolated from mouths, which containing aphtous ulcers was investigated. Previously isolated bacteria from patients’ mouths with aphtous ulcers were obtained from the Department of Microbiology of the Biology Department of Anadolu University and used in studies. The minimum inhibitory effect of mulberry syrup on oral bacteria was determined by microtiter plate method. The effect of mulberry syrup on the formation of biofilm was investigated by 2 protocols. In the first protocol, mulberry syrup and bacteria were applied together. In the second protocol, the mulberry syrup is added after the formation of the biofilm. Biofilm formation was determined by microtiter plates and spectrophotometric method at 570nm with Krstal Violet dye. It has been found that black mulberry syrup inhibits biofilm formation when it was added before biofilm formed, but is not effective on preformed biofilm and even caused increase of the biofilm formation. As a result; the application of mulberry syrup inhibits biofilm formation. However, it is not effective after biofilm occurred. Furthure studies are needed especially with glucose-free preparations.

KEYWORDS Mulberry syrup, MorusnigraL., biofilm, oral bacteria

Corresponding Author: ELİF AY, elifay750@anadolu.edu.tr 1 ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1356

INVESTIGATION OF CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECT OF DR.HONEYWAX HEROVIC FOOD SUPPLEMENT IN VITRO 1

NILÜFER ÇINKILIÇ , TOLGA ÇAVAŞ , ÖZGÜR VATAN , HUZEYFE HURIYET , HASAN ŞAHINOĞLU

ABSTRACT Dr.HONEYWAX Herovic is a liquid form food supplement herbal product. This syrup product includes; propolis, kalonji, daisy, rosehip extracts, apple concentrate and honey. In the present study, we evaluated the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of the Dr.HONEYWAX Herovic on human healthy lung epithelial cells Beas-2B. Potential cytotoxic effect was tested by XTT assay and potential genotoxic effect was tested by comet assay. Cells were treated with serial concentrations of Dr.HONEYWAX Herovic (0,142; 1,42; 14,2; 142; 1420 ppm) for 24h in XTT assay. Any cytotoxic effect was not identified even at dose 1420 ppm, which is ten thousand times upper from the dose of 0,142 ppm, which is the in vitro adaptation of recommended human daily therapeutic dose by XTT assay. Cells were treated with three doses of Dr.HONEYWAX Herovic (0,142; 142; 1420 ppm) for 24h in comet assay. Tail length, % Tail DNA and Olive Tail Moment parameters were evaluated in comet assay. Any genotoxic effect was not identified even at highest dose of 1420 ppm. Dr.HONEYWAX Herovic, which is a food supplement did not show any cytotoxic and genotoxic effect even at highest dose, which is ten thousand times from recommended human daily dose by XTT and comet assay on Beas-2B cells.

KEYWORDS Herbal extract, herbal food supplement, propolis, honey, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, human healthy fibroblast cell line

Corresponding Author: NİLÜFER ÇİNKILIÇ, aydemirn@uludag.edu.tr 1 ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ GÖRÜKLE KAMPÜSÜ BURSA 2 HÜNKAR NATUREL BİTKİ LOKMAN BURSA

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1357

ALOE VERA: A MIRACLE PLANT WITH ITS WIDE-RANGING APPLICATIONS 1

KHAZINA AMIN , SENAY OZGEN , ZELIHA SELAMOGLU

ABSTRACT Aloe vera, a plant of Liliaceae family, is not less than a blessing from centuries to date. It is native of hot and arid regions and widely grown as an ornamental plant. It has become a common household remedy for a variety of uses. This plant is also well known as medicinal herb. The leaves of plant contain mucilage tissue or aloe gel that is used for cosmetics and to cure mankind’s ailments. Aloe vera has marvelous herbal remedy with defined clinical effectiveness. The active chemical constituents of Aloe vera include essential amino acids, anthraquinones, enzymes, minerals, vitamins, lignins, sugars, salicylic acid, folic acid, saponins, and sterols. There seems to be no single magic ingredient, all the nutritional ingredients work together in a synergistic way to create healing action and other health benefits. Aloe vera plays a role as complementary medicine to heal cutaneous wounds, burnings, and infections. Health promoting benefits of aloe vera are due to its antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal antiarthritis and hypoglycemic effects. Due to these marvelous attributes, this plant has the ability to reverse ailments and soothe human life in a myriad ways. With the gaining traction as an important ingredient in cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals, many countries have started growing it commercially. Aloe vera farming is a very promising activity. There is a need to encourage Aloe vera farming as an alternative traditional crop to meet market demands. Efficient production technology along with well-established marketing channels for the distribution of leaves to processing units at a fair producer price is required for its economic sustainability.

KEYWORDS anthraquinones, folic acid, saponins, sterols

Corresponding Author: KHAZİNA AMİN, khazinaamin@gmail.com 1 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR UNİVERSİTY

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1358

MELATONIN ADSORPTION WITH L-TRYPTOPHAN GRAFTED POLY(HEMA) MEMBRANES FROM MEDICAL SEEDS 1

TÜLDEN INANAN , NALAN TUZMEN

ABSTRACT Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indoleamine synthesized from tryptophan which an essential amino acid. It is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm (sleep–wake cycle) and the alleviation of insomnia arised from jetlag and shift work. Melatonin minimalizes neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases and also acts as an anticancer agent. Also, melatonin may be used as a protective agent against to ocular diseases and headache disorders. In addition, potential antioxidative properties and anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin have been reported. Melatonin is widely distributed in the animal kingdom. High levels of melatonin have also been detected in several medicinal herbs and in the seeds of edible plants. Numerous studies have been reported about the presence of melatonin in plants with a wide range of concentrations from picograms to micrograms per gram of plant tissue. Due to their common usage in medicine and cosmetic industry, extraction and determination of melatonin selectively and with high purity using rapid and low-cost method from natural sources, such as high plants, have great importance. Radioimmunoassay (RIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) have been used for quantitative melatonin determination. The different methods such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents, microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and combination of these methods were used for melatonin extraction. In recent times, affinity sorbents prepared by modification with several groups and methods draw attention for extraction of different biomolecules from higher plants. In the current study, L-tryptophan grafted poly(HEMA) membranes were used for melatonin adsorption from the extracts of medical seeds. Poly(HEMA) membranes were prepared by UV photopolymerization method and graft procedure was applied in the presence of Ltryptophan and sodium hydride. L-tryptophan grafted poly(HEMA) membranes were characterized by several methods and then, used in melatonin adsorption. Seeds of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), green cardoamom (Elettaria cardamomum), flax (Linum usitatissimum) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were used for the extraction of melatonin with 3 different extraction solution. These commercially available seeds were obtained from herbalist in a grinded form. Each seed was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAC), EtOAc:MeOH (70:30) and EtOH, separately and used in melatonin adsorption studies. Melatonin amounts in the initial and final solutions of adsorption were determined by HPLC method with fluorescence detection. The results have shown that melatonin adsorption was performed with high recoveries (higher than 95 %) from all the extraction solutions of medical seeds.

Corresponding Author: TÜLDEN INANAN, tkalburcu@gmail.com 1 AKSARAY UNİVERSİTY 2 DOKUZ EYLÜL UNİVERSİTY

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KEYWORDS Melatonin, adsorption, medical seeds, extraction, membrane.

1406

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1360

EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECT OF SCORZONERA VERATRIFOLIA 1

AYFER BECEREN , MERT GEÇIM , OZLEM BINGÖL ÖZAKPINAR , TURGUT TAŞKIN , AHMET DOĞAN , SEMRA 1 ŞARDAŞ

ABSTRACT Primer and secondary metabolites of the natural products produced by the plants are the most basic products for drug candidates that can be used directly or indirectly in medicine today. Therefore, the number of scientific researches carried out on these compounds seems to increase day by day. In recent years people prefer to use natural antioxidants in their daily lives in order to prevent diseases and strengthen their immune systems. The Scorzonera genus (Asteraceae) is present by 39 species in Turkey and 17 of them are endemic, such as a perennial herbaceous plant Scorzonera veratrifolia. This plant is distributed in Eastern Anatolia and grows on dry rocky hillsides. Recent studies showed that Scorzonera species contain dihydroisoquinarine, bibenzyl derivatives, flavonoids, lignans, stilbene derivatives, quinic and caffeic acid derivatives, sesquiterpene, sesquiterpene lactones and triterpene compounds. Studies have shown that Scorzonera species exhibit antioxidant, analgesic, antiinflammatory and wound healing activity. Although Scorzonera veratrifolia is widely used as a natural product in traditional medicine, up to our knowledge no study in the literature has been demonstrated until now. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible genotoxic effect of Scorzonera veratrifolia in wistar albino rats by comet assay and cytotoxic effect on human colon cancer cell line HT-29, human lung cancer cell line A549, human cervical cancer cell line HeLa and human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 by MTT method. Wound model with incisional wounds was made on wistar albino rats and the extracts were applied for 10 days. At the end of the treatment, whole blood was collected to determine the genotoxic potency by using Comet assay. The cytotoxic effect of extracts at a dose of 100 micrograms on the proliferation of cancer cells was determined by MTT method on different human cancer cell lines. According to our results, heptan and methanol extracts from the aerial parts and roots of Scorzonera veratrifolia did not show any genotoxic effect in vivo model system, however, it was determined that no inhibition was observed on the cancer cell proliferation, in contrast the cancer cells were proliferated. This proliferative effect was found to be more significant on cervical, colon and prostate cancer cell lines. Therefore, the findings of this study recommend that Scorzonera veratrifolia plant should not be consumed especially in cancer patients because of its positive effects on cell proliferation and further studies are needed to highlight this important traditional plant.

KEYWORDS Scorzonera veratrifolia, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, Comet assay, MTT method, cancer cell lines Corresponding Author: AYFER BECEREN, ayfer.tozan@marmara.edu.tr 1 MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1361

ANTIBIOFILM EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ESSENTIAL OILS IN P.AERUGINOSA PAO1 1

EBRU ÖNEM , RAMADAN BILGIN AKALIN

ABSTRACT Biofilm is the life form of microbes attached to surfaces, which might be found in somewhere like medical, industrial and natural surfaces. Bacteria compose biofilm use the system which is named quorum sensing (QS) and it based on density-dependent cell to cell communication. In biofilm form, bacteria are more resistant to antimicrobial treatments. So new researches focus on blockage of this form and some chemical compounds and also plant extract have used for this aim. In this paper eight different commercial essential oils (Amyris balsamifera, Nerium oleander, Ormenis multicaulis, Citrus grandis peel, Citrus nobulis, Citrus nobilis, Styrax, Citrus sinensis) have been evaluated inhibition of biofilm formation against reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Inhibition effect of oils on biofilm was searched cristal viole (CV) assay. Biofilms were grown on LB medium in 96-well polystyrene plates in the presence and absence of 4 different concentrations of the oils. All tests repeated 3 times and evaluated for statistical. According to the result of this study significant reduction of biofilm composition were seen first concentration of Citrus nobilis, Citrus sinensis, Styrax. Inhibition rates are respectively 97%, 98%, 91%. The first concentration of Nerium oleander and Ormenis multicaulis showed antibacterial effect on P. aeruginosa PAO1. Citrus grandis peel and Amyris balsamifera showed low and also antibiofilm effect(25%, 17%). And other concentration of plant oils have different antibiofilm rate.

KEYWORDS Biofilm, P. aeruginosa PAO1, essential oil

Corresponding Author: EBRU ÖNEM, ebruonem@sdu.edu.tr 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1408

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1363

IMPORTANCE OF BERBERIS CRATAEGINA DC (HAWTHORN BARBERRY ) FOR FOOD 1

BAYRAM YURT , LÜTFI BEHÇET , ÖMER BEYHAN , NURULLAH DEMİR

ABSTRACT Importance of Berberis crataegina DC for food Turkey is located in a region that has rich plant variety among the major regions of the World. A significant part of Turkey flora (1/3) is endemic to Turkey. Unfortunately, this richness of plant is not well exploited and the knowledge about wild plants is limited (especially in the application fields). We just have knowledge about chemical composition and usage culture of limited number of plants. The members of Berberis L. genus within Berberidaceae family are known as hawthorn barberry in Turkey. This genus includes four members (type) in Turkey. Berberis crataegina is common in Turkey and some countries around the world. Berberis crataegina is found in Inner Western Anatolia, upper sakarya, Konya province, Middle Kızılırmak region, Antalya region, Dicle and upside of Fırat Basin. Fruits of Berberis crataegina species are used for different purposes in Turkey. Fruits of Berberis crataegina have high antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are very important for health and have many important functions such as antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antiaging. Researches demonstrate that this natural wild plant possesses antitumor, antibacterial activity and positive effects on urinary tract disorders. Fruits of Berberis crataegina are generally collected in July-August, depending on climate conditions in Turkey. In early July, the fruit has sour taste and light purple but in ripening stage it turns to sweet taste and dark purple (August). Collected fruits are used for making home-made fruit juice, marmalade and jelly. The fruits of the hawthorn barberry are also could be consumed as tea. In addition, Berberis crataegina fruits are dried with sun and form daily diet of the local people as snack foods. Fruits of Berberis crataegina used in the production of ice cream are highly appreciated by the consumers because of the natural taste, aroma and color especially when added to ice cream thanks to its natural dark purple color. The greatest benefit of this wild plant is its potential use as natural color additive (dark purple color) in food products.

KEYWORDS Berberis crataegina DC, hawthorn barberry, antioxidants, natural color additive

Corresponding Author: BAYRAM YURT, bayramyurt@gmail.com 1 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1409

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1365

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ACHILLEA CAPPADOCICA 1

NUSRET GENÇ , HÜSEYIN AKŞİT , MAHFUZ ELMASTAŞ , ZEYNEP AKŞİT

ABSTRACT Antioxidants can inhibit or delay the oxidation process in living organism and food stuff. The intake of naturally occurring antioxidants such phenolics and vitamins can play important role to fighting free radicals. A great interest came out to finding new natural antioxidants from natural sources to replace synthetic ones due to restricted side effects. The greatest source of natural antioxidants is medicinal aromatic plants. Plants have been used for a large range of purposes including medicine, nutrition, flavorings, fragrance and industrial uses. The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant properties of Achillea cappadocica. Plant materials were collected from Refahiye, Erzincan at June 2016. Floral parts were separated and dried. In order to determine of antioxidant activity of A. cappadocica, two extraction systems were used. Floral parts of plant material were boiled in water for 30 min to mimic preparation aromatic plant decoction in folk medicine. The plant residue was removed by filtration. Filtrate dried using a lab-scale lyophilizator to give light yellow powder (Extract I). A methanol extract was prepared and suspended in hot water. The insoluble parts (mostly contain chlorophylls) were removed using filter paper. A small amount of filtrate dried as above to give dark yellow powder (Extract II). In order to remove water soluble carbohydrates and concentrate biologically active components, water phase partitioned with ethyl acetate and butanol in separation funnel respectively. Organic layers were concentrated to dryness to give Extract III (etOAc phase) and IV (butOH phase). The remained water layer after partition was lyophilized (Extract V). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of five extracts were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant capacity of A. cappadocica was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power tests. Extract III was found both phenolic and flavonoid rich extract (119.9 and 71.46 mg/g extract respectively). Also this extract was found most active when compared others. Extract V was found poor both active compound content and activity. Extract III contains 60 fold more phenolic compounds than Extract V. It means the partition process was success to extraction of phenolics from water extract. DPPH and ABTS radical cation assays, expressed as IC50 value (µg/mL), were used for evaluation of radical-scavenging properties of obtained five extracts from plant material. DPPH radical scavenging ability of extracts calculated 18.84 µg/mL for Extract III and 133.40 µg/mL for Extract V. The reducing power of most active extract was found 369.22 µmol trolox equivalent activity/g extract.

KEYWORDS Achillea cappadocica, antioxdant activity

Corresponding Author: NUSRET GENÇ, nusretgenc@gmail.com 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1410

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1366

TURKEY'S WILD ORCHIDS AND MARAS ICE CREAM 1

NAZLI TÜRKMEN , ÖZGE KINDIR UĞURLUOĞLU , AYŞE GÜRSOY

ABSTRACT There are 10 different breeds and 80 different species of wild orchids in Turkey. An important part of these plants belonging to the Orchidaceae family is also endemic. Due to threats such as industrialization, urbanization, extension of agricultural areas, overgrazing and tourism activities, wild orchid species that grow in Turkey are threatened with extinction. The main reason why wild orchids are collected from nature is their use in the production of salep. The salep obtained by drying and milling the tubers of these plants is mostly used in the production of Maras ice cream in our country. Maras ice cream is a traditional product produced in Kahramanmaras and consumed lovingly which is sold to various parts of the country and even abroad. It is known that the unique structure and flavor of Maras ice cream originated from the goat milk used in its production and especially from the wild orchids grown in the mountains. At least 10-20 million wild orchids are removed from nature every year for Salep production (Sandal and Söğüt, 2010). In order to obtain 1 kg of salep, approximately 1000-4000 tubers, ranging from 0.25 to 1 gram, are needed (Tekinşen and Güner, 2010). Thus, although the collection of wild orchids from nature is prohibited and serious sanctions are imposed on unauthorized gatherers, millions of wild orchid individuals are annihilated from the nature each year for the salep production. Due to the fact that the mentioned problem is still not fully resolved, various studies have been carried out on the reproduction of these species. Within the scope of the "Salep Action Plan" carried out by the General Directorate of Forestry of the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs; studies on the propagation of wild orchids in the natural environment, establishment of gene-source seed gardens, expansion of the spreading areas by transferring wild orchid members raised in nurseries to their natural distribution areas and preservation of wild orchids in their natural environment are still continuing. As a result of researches on the propagation of wild orchid members in the culture medium, it was determined that Serapias vomeracea (Burm. fill.) Brig, Orchis sancta L. and Ophrys bombylifera Willd. were the most prominent species in terms of their tubing ability, and the first two of these species were mentioned in terms of adaptation to culture conditions and widespread availability. Orchis morio L., Orchis italica Poiret. and Orchis anatolica Boiss. species were reported to have other promising species (Anonymous, 2014). Although it is generally accepted that salep from each species of wild orchid is not suitable for ice cream production, it is still unclear which species are suitable. Salep is known as a product having a high content of glucomannan, depending on the wild orchid species obtained, and the salep used in the production of ice cream is generally selected to have the highest content of glucomannan. Therefore, the salep obtained from any wild orchid species collected from nature without permission can not be used in the production of ice cream. It is thought that many wild orchids can be prevented from being collected from nature by the determination of wild orchid species suitable for use in the production of ice cream and the emphasis on studies on the reproduction of these species in the culture medium. Corresponding Author: NAZLI TÜRKMEN, nazli.turkmen@ankara.edu.tr 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 T.C. ORMAN VE SU İŞLERİ BAKANLIĞI ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ

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KEYWORDS Wild orchid, salep, Maras ice cream

1412

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1369

DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF RUMEX CRISPUS AND SCROPHULARIA CANINA SUBSP. BICOLOR 1

SERHAT DEMIR , BUKET BOZKURT , MUSTAFA ALI ÖNÜR , GÜLEN IREM KAYA , NEHIR ÜNVER SOMER

ABSTRACT Determination of Antioxidant Properties of Rumex crispus and Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor Demir S.1, Bozkurt B.1, Önür M.A.1, Kaya G.İ.1, Ünver-Somer N.1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, İzmir The genus Rumex L. (Polygonaceae) consists of about 200 species growing worldwide and 23 species and 5 hybrids naturally growing in Turkey (1,2) Rumex roots have important traditional uses in relation to their laxative properties. Decoctions prepared from the underground parts have been claimed to be therapeutically useful as cholagogue, tonic and laxative and for blood cleansing. Fresh leaves are used to treat eczema and also consumed as vegetable in Anatolia (3). In the flora of Turkey, Scrophularia is represented by 59 species, 23 of which are endemic. Some Scrophularia L. species, especially S. nodosa L. are used in folk medicine as a diuretic and for the treatment of wounds and hemorrhoids (4,5). Different species of the genus Scrophularia (Scrophulariaceae) have been used in traditional medicine to treat some diseases, including dermatosis and inflammatory affections (6). In the present study, Rumex crispus L. and Scrophularia canina L. subsp. bicolor (SM.) Greuter collected from Soma, Manisa, were investigated for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared from the above-ground parts of these plants. Significant antioxidant activity was determined for methanol (IC50: 4.16 µg/mL) and ethyl acetate (IC50: 8.71 µg/mL) extracts of Rumex crispus L. Moreover, methanol (IC50: 60.78 µg/mL) and ethyl acetate (IC50: 149.33 µg/mL) extracts of Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor (SM.) Greuter were shown to have important free radical scavenging antioxidant activity. Key words: Antioxidant activity, Rumex crispus, Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor References 1. Cullen J. 1967. ‘’ Rumex L.’’ in Davis P.H. (ED). Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands Edinburgh: University Press. 2: 281–293. 2. Baytop T. 1963. Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Turkey. Akgün Press, University of Istanbul, 315. 3. Baytop T. 1999. Therapy with Medicinal Plants in Turkey (Past and Present). Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 282-283. 4. Lall SS., Mill RR. 1978. Scrophularia L. In Davis P.H. (ED). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press. 6: 603-647. 5. Çalış I., Sezgin Y., Dönmez AA., Rüedi P., Tasdemir D. 2007. Journal of Natural Products 70:1, 43-47. 6. Fernandez MA., Garcia MD., Saenz MT. 1996. Antibacterial activity of the phenolic acids fractions of Scrophularia frutescens and Scrophularia sambucifolia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 53: 11-14.

KEYWORDS Antioxidant activity, Rumex crispus, Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor

Corresponding Author: SERHAT DEMİR, eczserhatdemir@gmail.com 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMAKOGNOZİ ANABİLİM DALI

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Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1370

INVESTIGATION OF CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECT OF DR.HONEYWAX VEROX FOOD SUPLEMENT 1

TOLGA ÇAVAŞ , NILÜFER ÇINKILIÇ , ÖZGÜR VATAN , HUZEYFE HURIYET , HASAN ŞAHINOĞLU

ABSTRACT Dr.HONEYWAX Verox is a food supplement product. These capsule product includes; grounded Thistle, Carop, Ginger, Turmeric, pollen and Cinchona. In the present study, we evaluated the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of the Dr.HONEYWAX Verox on human healthy lung epithelial cells Beas-2B. Potential cytotoxic effect was tested by XTT assay and potential genotoxic effect was tested by comet assay. Cells were treated with serial concentrations of Dr.HONEYWAX Verox (0,285; 2,85; 28,5; 285; 2850 ppm) for 24h in XTT assay. Any cytotoxic effect was not identified even at dose 2850 ppm, which is ten thousand times upper from the dose of 0.285 ppm, which is the in vitro adaptation of recommended daily human dosage by XTT assay. Cells were treated with three doses of Dr.HONEYWAX Verox (0,285; 285; 2850 ppm) for 24h in comet assay. Tail length, % Tail DNA and Olive Tail Moment parameters were evaluated in comet assay. Any genotoxic effect was not identified even at highest dose 2850 ppm. Dr.HONEYWAX Verox, which is a food supplement did not show any cytotoxic and genotoxic effect even at highest dose, which is ten thousand times the dose of recommended human daily therapeutic dose by XTT and comet assay on Beas-2B cells.

KEYWORDS herbal food supplement, Thistle, Carop, Ginger, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, human healthy fibroblast cell line

1414

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1372

EFFECT OF OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL ON THE QUALITY OF SUCUK 1

TE D

SONGÜL ŞAHIN ERCAN , HÜSEYIN BOZKURT , ÇIĞDEM SOYSAL

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate effect of oregano essential oil at concentration of 0.5% on pH, TBARS, overall sensory quality, colour (Hunter L, a, b, YI) of sucuk during the fermentation period. A sharp decrease (P < 0.05) in pH values were observed from 5.1 to about 4.3 during the first 3 days of fermentation. Control and 0.5% oregano oil added sucuks showed similarity in pH change and it reached to 6.8 at the end of the fermentation. Addition of oregano oil decreased (P < 0.05) the TBARS value. TBARS values increased from 0.29 mg/kg and 0.52 mg/kg to 1.0 mg/kg and 1.56 mg/kg for oregano oil added and control sucuks, respectively. Hunter L, b, YI values were aff ected both (P < 0.05) by fermentation period and sample, however, a-values changed significantly (P<0.05) by fermentation period and was not affected significantly by sample (P > 0.05). Addition of oregano oil did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect the overall sensory quality. Overall sensory quality evaluated from color, flavor and ease of cutting scores increased (P < 0.05) from 5.7 to about 7.5.

KEYWORDS

oregano oil, pH, sucuk, TBARS

Corresponding Author: SONGÜL ŞAHİN ERCAN, sosahin@gantep.edu.tr 1 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, GAZİANTEP UNİVERSİTY, GAZİANTEP 27310, TURKEY

1415

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1373

RAPID QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF CUMIN ADULTERATION WITH CORIANDER AND PEANUT HULL POWDER USING THE DSC TECHNIQUE 1

İHSAN BURAK ÇAM , HANDAN BAŞÜNAL GÜLMEZ , AYHAN TOPUZ

ABSTRACT Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is a flowering and annual plant of the family Apiaceae. Cumin powder is used to give flavor to foods and also has different medicinal properties. The most common adulterants are coriander and peanut hull since they are cheap ingredients. The similarities and differences in glass transition (Tg) and melting transition of cumin powder and adulteration materials were investigated. Tg values and melting transition of the powders were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the study, cumin, coriander powder, and peanut hull were collected from the local market and peanut hull was grinded prior to analysis. The coriander powder and peanut hull were blended individually with cumin powder at the ratios of 0/100 (adulterant:cumin), 30/70, 50/50, and 100/0. Mixing was on a weight basis. The DSC curves were obtained in the temperature range from -20 to 260°C under the dynamic atmosphere of N2 (25 mL/min) heating rate of β=10°C/min using an Al capsule containing approximately 25 mg of each sample. The obtained result indicated that, Tg values of the cumin, coriander, and peanut hull powders were 26.54, 77.81 and 56.79°C, respectively. Additionally, melting heat value of the cumin powder were found to be 100.94 J/g and the values of the other samples were 77.81 and 89.76 J/g. The results of this study suggest that the DSC analysis may be available to determine adulteration of cumin with coriander and peanut hull powder.

KEYWORDS Cuminum cyminum L., coriander, peanut hull, adulteration, DSC

Corresponding Author: İHSAN BURAK ÇAM, burakcam@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1416

Poster Session 10 Submission ID: 1374

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ARTEMISIA ABSINTHIUM ESSENTİAL OIL 1

OZGUR CELEBI , ICLAL AGAN , ULKU ALTOPARLAK , SABAN KORDALI , DEMET CELEBI

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The genus Artemisia has been utilized worldwide due to its immense potential for protection against various diseases, especially wound infections. Camphor is one of the main components of Artemisia absinthium oil. OBJECTİVE This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Camphor extract of Artemisia hortensis oil on microorganisms isolated from wound infections by disc diffusion and microdilution method. MATERIAL and METHOD Artemisia absinthium oils were isolated by hydrodistilation method. The oil composition was analyzed by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Microorganisms were provided by Ataturk University Research Hospital. Microdilution and Disc Diffusion Method were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extract against nine wound infection agents including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. RESULTS The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values (μg /ml) were determined for P. aeruginosa (MIC = 500 μg/ml) for Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC = 500μg/ml), P. mirabilis, (MIC = 500 μg/ml), S. epidermidis ( MIC < 1.95 μg/ml), A. baumannii (MIC = 500 μg/ml), S. aureus (MIC <125 μg/ml), E. aerogenes (MIC = 500μg/ml), E .coli (MIC = 500 μg/ml), C. albicans (MIC = 500μg/ml). Anti-microbial activity of the camphor extract of essential oil was tested by the disc diffusion method. The inhibition zones were measured as 18 mm for P. aeruginosa, 22 mm for K. pneumoniae, 30 mm for P. mirabilis, 30 mm for S. epidermidis, 28 mm for A. baumannii, 30 mm for S. aureus, 18 mm for E. aerogenes, 30 mm for C. albicans and 21 mm for E. coli. CONCLUSION Camphor extract of A. absinthium oil showed antimibrobial effects on tested microorganisms by disc diffusion method. The MIC values of only two microorganisms tested were different. The MIC value of S. epidermidis (MIC < 1.95 μg/ml) and S. aureus (MIC < 125 μg/ml), while the others were measured (MIC = 500μg/ml) by microdulition method. Plant extracts should be considered when used in part of replacement treatment.

KEYWORDS Artemisia absinthium, Antimicrobial Activity, Wound Infection

Corresponding Author: OZGUR CELEBİ, ozdrtr@yahoo.com 1 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, SCHOOL OF MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF MEDİCAL MİCROBİOLOGY, ERZURUM 2 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PROTECTİON, ERZURUM 3 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, VETERİNARY FACULTY, ERZURUM

1417

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1375

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION, STEROL, TOCOPHEROL AND AMINOACID CONTENTS OF TRIGONELLA CARIENSIS BOISS. 1

ŞERIFE SELMA URAS GÜNGÖR , GAMZE KÖKDİL

ABSTRACT The genus Trigonella L. (Leguminosae) includes about 135 species distributed from the Mediterranean regions, Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, North and South Africa (1,2). Trigonella foenum-graecum L. is the most widely used species in Trigonella genus and it is an annual herbaceous plant commonly called fenugreek; its seeds are used as food crops in India, to supplement wheat and maize flour for bread making in Egypt, and as one of the staple foods in Yemen. It is credited with many medicinal properties and is one of the oldest medicinal plants used in many Asian and African countries. Its seeds have been used as a carminative, tonic, aphrodisiac in Ayurvedic, Chinese and Unani systems of medicine. It was known that the plant contain flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, fixed oil, polysaccharides, minerals and proteins. The seeds used in many traditional systems as aromatic, carminative, galactogogue, antibacterial, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, diuretic and analgesic agent (1-3). In Turkey, the genus Trigonella represented by 54 taxa (4,5). T. cariensis is one of these taxa, which grows West and Soth West Anatolia, Greece and East Mediterranean area. T. foenumgraecum has been extensively studied but there is little information about other species of the genus in the literature (6,7). T. cariensis Boiss. have not been studied phytochemically. The aim of the present study was to determine fatty acid compositions, sterol, tocopherol and aminoacid contents of T. cariensis. The seeds contain 2.01±0.12 g/100 g fixed oil. Linoleic acid (43.74±0.24 %) and α-linolenic acid (18.38±0.45 %) along with palmitic acid (14.16±0.38 %) were the main fatty acids. The total sterol content was 2247.09±0.06 mg/100 g, which consisted mainly of β-sitosterol (62.65±1.53 %). αtocopherol (233.54±0.47 mg/100 g) was the dominant tocopherol. L-Glutamic acid (5801±0.32 mg/100 g) was the main aminoacid. The results of the present study revealed that this species is important source of essential fatty acids, tocopherols and aminoacids. The oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids which play an important role in human health. Further studies are needed to evaluation of the plant in food industry and in health. “This study was supported by the Research Fund of Mersin University in Turkey with Project Number: 2016-1-AP2-1412” References 1. Evans, W. C., Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy. 15th. Ed., UK: University of Nottingham, 2002, 26. 2. Bown, D., Encyclopedia of Herbs&Their Uses. First Ed., London: Darling Kindersley Limited, 2002, 393. 3. Srinivasan, K., Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): A review of health beneficial physiological effects. Food Reviews International 2006, 22, 203-224. 4. Huber-Morath A. Trigonella L. In Davis PH (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Pres., 1970; 3: 452–482. 5. Gokturk, R. S., A new subspecies Trigonella coerulescens (Fabaceae), from Turkey, Ann. Bot. Fenn. 2009, 46, 62-64. 6. Uras-Gungor S. S.; Guzel, S.; Ilcim, A.; Kokdil, G., Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Mineral Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Trigonella monspeliaca. Turk J Pharm Sci 2014, 11(3), 255-262. 7. Uras Gungor S. S.; Ilcim, A.; Kokdil, G., A Comparison of Diosgenin,

Corresponding Author: ŞERİFE SELMA URAS GÜNGÖR, urasselma@hotmail.com 1 MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, FARMAKOGNOZİ ANABİLİM DALI

1418

Phenolics, Fatty Acid Profiles and Mineral Contents with Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Trigonella L. Species from Section Cylindricae. Rec. Nat. Prod. 2017, 11(1), 17-30.

KEYWORDS Trigonella cariensis; fatty acid; sterol; tocopherol; aminoacid

1419

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1376

BEEKEEPING ACTIVITIES IN MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANT PRODUCTION 1

ALI KEMALI ÖZUĞUR , H. AYLA SARI , ALI GÖNCÜ

ABSTRACT It was first described by the German Koelreuter and Sprengel in the years 1750-1800 that the bees were pollinators of plants. With this special feature of bees, beekeeping activities are now used not only for obtaining bee products but also for pollinating plants which are important for humanity. According to the information in the literature, it is stated that 82 cultivated plants are used for a large part of human food, 63 of these plants are pollination. Stated that 80% of the plants cultivated in Europe need to be pollinated by bees and some other creatures. Bees make pollunate that it has been an important source of income for beekeepers in the United States. In our country, 75% of the beekeeping activities are carried out in the form of "bee colonies", which are called migratory (traveler), to be kept in different regions in order to be injured by differences in flowering period between regions. This activity naturally also provides for pollination of the plants in the areas where the colon is left. It is seen how important beekeeping activities are for the natural equilibrium when it is thought that a bee circulates on average 1000 flowers per day. The production of medicinal and aromatic plants in our country is done in the form of collecting naturally grown plants. Cultural aquaculture sites for medical and aromatic plant cultivation have been opened with new legislation and incentives. Beekeeping activities are indispensable for the pollination and quality of the plant in whatever way. Many of the medically and aromatic plants that grow spontaneously from nature are valuable nectar resources for beekeeping. According to the flowering periods of these nectar sources, migrating beekeeping activities are also carried out in our country. Thus, both the beekeepers reach good honey resources and the continuity of medical and aromatic plant resources in our country is ensured. This study is intended to increase the knowledge of beekeepers in our country about medical aromatic plants and contribute to the emphasis of bee and apiculture activities on the medical aromatics and other plants.

KEYWORDS Medical and aromatic plant production, polination, beekeeping

Corresponding Author: ALİ GÖNCÜ, ali.goncu@adu.edu.tr 1 ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÇİNE MYO

1420

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1377

SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND DETERMINATION ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF ‘SIDERITIS MONTANA’ 1

EMRE KOÇ , SELVI CİNGÖZ , FERDA CANDAN

ABSTRACT Medicinal plants contain chemical component which show powerful antioxidant activity and they can be used as a safe source in industrial foods, crops and products. Recently, there has been reproducing interest in biochemistry of plants because of they can protect many diseases and health problems such as aging, heart diseases and chronic diseases in human body. The Lamiaceae is a plant family within that some species of them have potential therapeutic activity. The genus Sideritis which is a member of the Lamiaceae family, commonly known as “mountain tea” in Turkey. These plants are widely used to prepare herbal drug and traditional teas. In Turkey, the genus Sideritis contains 46 species, 31 of which are endemic .Plant materials of S.montana species were obtained from Yarhisar, Hafik, Sivas-Turkey in 2011. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of Sideritis montana. Also, our investigations included total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity, scavenging of hydroxyl radicals, scavenging of DPPH radicals and scavenging non-free radical species such as hydrogen peroxide. The extract of S.montana showed that equivalent of phenolic content (157.29 ± 3.71 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid content (403.99 ± 0.92 mg QUE/g DW) and total antioxidant capacities as (154.47 ± 4.12 mM α-tocopherol acetate / gram dry weight). IC50 is the amount of extract supplying 50% inhibition of DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals. The IC50 values are presented in Table 1. Table 1 Scavenging of ROS and DPPH for the methanolic extracts of Sideritis montana. Sample Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 IC50 (mg L-1) Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) IC50 (mg L-1) DPPH radicals IC50 (mg L-1) Sideritis montana 25.05 ± 1.46 124.75 ± 3.04 58.48 ± 1.30 Values are mean of triplicates ± SD The result of this study indicate that methanolic extracts of S.montana can be useful as an easily accessible source of natural antioxidants. By reason of in order to use these valuable Sideritis species in pharmaceutical products and food, their cultivation and conservation are of great importance.

KEYWORDS Sideritis montana, Antioxidant, DPPH, Reactive Oxygen Species.

Corresponding Author: EMRE KOÇ, emrekoc@cumhuriyet.edu.tr 1 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1421

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1380

ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF NERIUM OLEANDER 1

TE D

SEVCAN GUL AKGUN , EVREN ALGIN YAPAR , SEMRA SARDAS

ABSTRACT

Burn injury is a complex traumatic event with various local and systemic effects like shock, anemia, and renal failure and electrolyte imbalances. The American Burn Association indicated that more than 205,000 patients were admitted to burn centers across the United States, with 6,000 burnrelated deaths. Current data shows that burn injury is a big concern also in Turkey with approximately 70,000 patients applying to the burn centers every year. Several studies have demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered lipid peroxidation is one of the most harmful events occurring secondary to burn injuries, resulting in decreased membrane fluidity, altered membrane properties and disrupted membrane-bound proteins. Moreover, recent evidences suggest that over production of ROS can cause the formation of DNA single- and double-strand breaks, adducts, and cross-links to other molecules. Although healing occurs by itself, the scientists and pharmaceutical companies focus on a variety of traditional herbal remedies to accelerate the process. There are a number of natural ingredients identified via the clinical and laboratory studies with the support of ancient knowledge for their common beneficial use in skin care and consumers often express a preference for skin products with organic and natural ingredients. Nerium oleander (Apocynacea) is one of those plants that has been the subject of research for centuries as a medical herb, and famed for its therapeutic efficiency in different diseases globally. The treatment of dermatological disorders such as dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, boils, herpes, ringworm, scabies, and warts is among its traditional uses which can be attributed to its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial skin care effect of Aloe vera-based extract of Nerium oleander (NAE-8®) with regards to its antioxidant properties. For this purpose, in this study the rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: i) control, ii) burn alone, iii) burn with topical NAE-8® treatment and iv) burn with topical 1% Silver sulphadiazine treatment. Antioxidant property of NAE8® has been examined by determination of glutathione (GSH) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The results of the present study revealed that burn injury caused a significant (p<0.001) depletion in the GSH stores while NAE-8® and SSD treatments reversed the GSH levels back to the control (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Besides, there was a significant increase in MPO activity in the burn group (3.94±0.71; p<0.001) as compared to control group (0.77±0.12) and this elevation was abolished by both NAE-8® and SSD treatments (1.58±0.08 and 2.81±0.61, respectively). The results showed that NAE-8® could be an option in burn wound treatment which needs to be confirmed with further studies.

KEYWORDS Corresponding Author: SEVCAN GUL AKGUN, sevcan.akgun@marmara.edu.tr 1 MARMARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY 2 SAĞLIK BAKANLIĞI, TÜRKİYE İLAÇ VE TIBBİ CİHAZ KURUMU

1422

Nerium oleander, Antioxidant activity, MPO, GSH

1423

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1381

TURKEY IN THE RAPID ALERT SYSTEM FOR FOOD AND FEED NOTIFICATIONS IN THE PERIOD OF 2006-2016: HERBS AND SPICES REVIEW 1

SAMI GÖKHAN ÖZKAL , SENEM TÜFEKÇİ

ABSTRACT Turkey in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed notifications in the period of 2006-2016: herbs and spices review Sami Gökhan ÖZKAL1, Senem TÜFEKÇİ2* 1 Pamukkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Denizli, Turkey, 2 Pamukkale University, Vocational School of Acıpayam, Department of Food Processing, *Presenting Author: S. TÜFEKÇİ (stufekci@pau.edu.tr) Herbs and spices were used in traditional medicine, food preparation and preservation for thousands of years. Herbs and spices are vulnerable to biological, chemical and physical contamination and hazards during supply chain. The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) database which is an effective tool to exchange information about measures taken responding to serious risks detected in relation to food and feed can be also a good source for investigating supply chain contaminations and hazards of herbs and spices. In parallel with this purpose RASFF database was investigated for herbs and spices categorized notifications originating from Turkey cover period from 2006 to 2016. RASFF notifications were divided into four groups as; alerts, information, border rejection, and news. A total of 59 notifications (alert – 21, information – 19, border rejection - 19) were reported for Turkey against a worldwide 1685 notifications. Oregano was the most border rejected herb. The number of notifications showed a descending trend chronologically. Germany, Italy and Netherlands were countries most notified about herbs and spices via Turkey. Listed 26 hazard categories were analyzed for herbs and spices and the major hazards categories were composition (45.76 %), pathogenic micro-organisms (35.59 %) and mycotoxins (11.86 %). The relation between hazard category and product was also examined, and mycotoxin hazards mainly seen in chilli pepper, paprika and red pepper. Salmonella spp. was only frequently reported pathogenic micro-organism in RASFF for Turkey with 20 notifications. In all categories the most notified products were oregano, chilli pepper, red pepper and cumin with 13.56 %, 11.86 %, 10.17 %, 10.17 % respectively. Keywords: The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF), herbs, spices, notifications, Turkey

KEYWORDS The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF), herbs, spices, notifications, Turkey

Corresponding Author: SENEM TÜFEKÇİ, stufekci@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG 2 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF ACIPAYAM, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD PROCESSİNG

1424

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1382

PLANTS USED AS COFFEE IN EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION 1

SERTAN ÇEVİK , HÜSNIYE ÖZALP , MACIDE BURCU TİMUR , RIZA BİNZET

ABSTRACT Coffee is one of the most important agricultural plantation crop. All cultivated species originate from Africa and belong to the genus Coffea. The genus Coffea comprises approximately 100 species and only two species (Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner) are commercially cultivated. It is grown in about 10.2 million hectares land spanning over 80 countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world especially in Africa, Asia, and Latin America (Mishra and Slater, 2012). Coffee is the most important commodity in international agricultural trade, generating over 90 billion dollars each year and involving about 500 million people in its management, from cultivation to final product for consumption (Dias et al. 2007; Cavatte et al. 2012, Praxedes et al. 2006). Coffee is the second most consumed drink in the world after water and it is known that approximately five hundred billion cups of coffee are consumed annually (Butt et al. 2011). In this study, 15 different plant species belonging to 9 families used as coffee in the Eastern Mediterranean Region were discussed. This species are respectively: Prunus dulcis (mill.) D.A Webb, Nigella sativa L. Cichorium inthybus L. Gundelia tournefortii L. Onopordum illyricum L. Pistacia terebinthus L. Pistacia atlantica L. Cicer arietinum L., Abelmos chusesculentus (L.) Moench Echinops ritro L. Juniperus communis L. Ceratonia siliqua L. Elettaria cardamomum (L.)Maton, Phoenix dactylifera L. Taraxacum officinale G. In which parts of these species are discussed, information is given on how to make and prepare them. Obtained information is usually obtained by interviewing elderly people and local counselors (The turkish name is Aktar) face to face. Family, genus, species, Turkish names and coffee preparation are given for each taxon.

KEYWORDS Coffee, East Mediterranean, Etnobotany, East Mediterranean, Turkey

Corresponding Author: SERTAN ÇEVİK, srtncvk@gmail.com 1 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF MUT, MERSİN 2 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCES AND ARTS FACULTİES, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, 33343, MERSİN 3 MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCİENCE, MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, 33343, MERSİN, TURKEY

1425

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1383

DETERMINATION OF SLIMMING HERBAL TEA CONSUMPTION OF COLLEGE STUDENTS 1

ELMAS ERSÖZ , EZGI TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALI EMRAH BIYIKLI , KÜBRA TOP , SIBEL YANAR , HATICE NUR TURAN , 1 1 HILAL DIKILITAŞ , OKAN GÜLER

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Obesity is one of the increasing health issue of nowadays and due to this, attention to the herbal products increased. Persons who want to lose weight, have a false belief that these products could lose weight easily and swiftly. Especially the cost and availability of the herbal teas, let people to prefer them. Herbal teas could help to lose weight due to herbal teas caffeine content and effects on catechin thermogenesis. In addition to this positive influence, herbal teas have laxative, diuretic and sweating properties. OBJECTIVE This survey’s aim is to determine the slimming herbal tea consumption of college students. METHOD The survey is made between February 2017 and March 2017 on randomly selected students at Selçuk University. 338 women and 35 male students are including for this study. Specially prepared survey is used for this study. In the survey, general characteristics, their herbal tea consumption for slimming in the last year and their choice reasons were asked. Besides the participants anthropometric measurements have measured. To evaluate the data, SPSS 22.0 program is used. Chi square test is applied for the relationship between the parameters and significance level is set as p<0.05. RESULTS The average age of the participant students is 20.2±1.5. Body mass index of the students are found as low weight, normal weight and overweight, 11.8%, 70.0% and 18.2% respectively. 15% of the participants use herbal teas to lose weight. Women’s use of slimming herbal tea rate is 15.7%. On the other hand, male’s use of slimming herbal tea is 8.6%. 12.9% of the participants prefer green tea, 6.2% prefer form tea for losing weight. People with normal weight who drink green tea is 66.7% and the rest who drink green tea are over weighted people. There is a meaningful relationship (p=0.000) between body mass index and green tea consumption. 56.5% of the students who drink form tea is at normal weight and the rest is over weighted. There is a meaningful relationship (p=0.002) between body mass index and form tea consumption. CONCLUSION Obesity is a significant health issue and it is increasing in prevalence. Fast food, life style changes and sedentary life style causes obesity to increase among the college students. Importance for the body image at the teenagers, increases tendency towards slimming tea consumption. In this study, it is remarkable that, the rate of the students who use slimming herbal tea is too high whether the body mass index of most of the students are at normal levels. Over use of slimming herbal tea could show laxative and diuretic effects on health. Students should be informed about healthy nutrition and possible risks of the methods applied during weight loss diet.

KEYWORDS obesity, herbal tea, green tea Corresponding Author: ELMAS ERSÖZ, elmasonde@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1426

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1384

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ONOSMA SERICEUM 1

MERYEM ORAKCI , EMRE KOÇ , FERDA CANDAN

ABSTRACT Onosma species (Boraginaceae) largely grow in Turkey. Eighty five species involving forty four endemic species has been represented by now. The genus has several usage in the traditional medicines worldwide. The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Onosma Sericeum. We examined the in vitro radical scavenging and antioxidant capacity of Ebenus Laguroides by using different in vitro analytical methodologies such as 1,1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging, 2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical and N,N’-dimetil-p- fenilendiamin (DMPD) radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity determination by ferric thiocyanate, total reducing ability determination using by Fe3+–Fe2+ transformation method, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activities. Also, The synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and natural antioxidant such as curcumin and ascorbic acid were used as positive controls. The Table 1. represents the antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Ebenus Laguroides by ferric thiocyanate method, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH•) free radical scavenging activity, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) radical scavenging activity. Table 1 Results of the antioxidant potential of methanolic extract Onosma Sericeum by the different in vitro antioxidant assays Sample DPPH• scavenging activity (µg mL-1) ABTS•+ scavenging activity (%) DMPD•+ scavenging activity (%) Metal chelating Activity (%) Onosma Sericeum 54.74±6.25 61.65±0.08 54.84±2.16 19.90±1.30 Values are mean of triplicates ± SD The results of the study have shown that the methanol extract of Onosma Sericeum is potentially a good source of free radical scavenging compounds. Acknowledgements: This research was part of the project number F-347 supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University in Sivas / Turkey.

KEYWORDS Onosma Sericeum; antioxidant activity, radical scavenging, metal chelating, reducing power,

Corresponding Author: EMRE KOÇ, emrekoc@cumhuriyet.edu.tr 1 2

CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1427

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1385

SOME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RHEUM RIBES L. (UŞKUN) AND BENEFICAL EFFECTS ON HEALTH 1

MEHMET MURAT CEYLAN , MENEKŞE BULUT

ABSTRACT Rheum ribes L. is a kind of edible wild that belongs to the Polygonaceae family, and also it is one of the perennial plants. R. ribes is locally known as “uşkun, ışgın, ravent, revas” and it is grown especially in the east part of Turkey, Iran, Lebanon and Iraq. R. Ribes is the only rhubarb species grown between 1800 m. and 2800 m. altitute rocky countryside of Turkey. According to some studies Rheum ribes is the source of one of the most important crude drugs in west asiatic regions. These plants contain vitamins A, B, C in abundance. Rhubarb root (Rhizoma Rhei ribi) is used traditionally to treat diabetes, hemorrhoids, ulcers and diarrhea. The plant is also used as a digestive and appetizer in Bitlis, Turkey. In some countries such as Iran, Rheum ribes has been used as sedative and mood enhancer. These traditional edible wilds were genarally used in medicine for the treatment of anemia, anorexia, weakness, anxiety, depression and diabetes. On the other hand; there are some studies about mineral content of R. ribes. According to these studies; R. ribes a rich content of ferrous and phosphor. In this study, some chemicals properties of “uşkun” and benefical effects on health have been reviewed.

KEYWORDS Uşkun, Rheum ribes, medicine treatment

Corresponding Author: MENEKŞE BULUT, gidabenefse@gmail.com 1 IĞDIR ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1428

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1386

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF REBAUDIOSIDE A IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS 1

SEMIH LATIF İPEK , ALI EMRAH ÇETIN , NURTEN KURT CENGIZ , HAŞIM KELEBEK , OSMAN KOLA , MEHMET 2 SERTAÇ ÖZER

ABSTRACT Steviol glycosides are natural compounds found in the leaves of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni. Stevioside and Rebaudioside A are the major glycosides among the several steviol glycosides identified in the Stevia. They have received special interest in both scientific researches and industry due to their 150 to 570 fold sweetening power relative to sucrose. Steviol glycoside composition of Stevia leaves, solutions obtained during extraction and purification processes as well as the purity of the final products is determined by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). HPLC enables the separation and quantification of each steviol glycoside. Since the studies on the determination of solubility, adsorption-desorption, dissolution and crystalization kinetics usually employ aqueous solutions containing only Rebaudioside A as a solute, the use of a fast, cheap and easy-to-perform method will be appropriate for the determination of Rebaudioside A concentration. The goal of this study was therefore to evaluate spectrophotometry for the determination of Rebaudioside A concentration in aqueous solutions. In this study, two different sets of Rebaudioside A standard solutions (10 – 90 mg/L and 100 – 200 mg/L) were prepared and absorbances were measured at 210 nm for the construction of calibration curves. Five solutions with concentrations of 15, 25, 75, 130 and 170 mg/L were then used as control samples to evaluate percent recoveries and percent relative errors in the determination of Rebaudioside A. HPLC method was also selected as a standard method for comparison. Standard solutions and control samples were analyzed by HPLC equipped (Agilent 1260) with C18 column and diode array detector using water-acetonitrile mixture (70:30, v/v) as a mobile phase at 210 nm with an injection volume of 5 µL. Simple spectrophotometric measurements of absorbances of standard solutions gave linear calibration curves with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.995 and 0.998 for 10-90 mg/L and 100-200 mg/L concentration ranges, respectively. HPLC method however yielded linear calibration coefficient of 0.999 for both sets of standard solutions. Percent relative errors calculated in the determination of Rebaudioside A concentration in control samples by spectrophotometric method were 46, 23, 8, 6 and 3 % while HPLC method gave percent relative errors as -26, -12, -10, -9 and -5 % for 15, 25, 75, 130 and 175 mg/L concentrations, respectively. The results of this study showed that the percent relative errors associated with spectrophotometric determination were high for lower concentrations. HPLC yielded lower percent relative errors for low concentrations when compared to spectrophotometric method. The percent relative errors associated with spectrophotometric determination of Rebaudioside A concentration over 75 mg/L were lower than those found in HPLC based method. As a result, simple spectrophotometric measurement can be used to determine Rebaudioside A in the aqueous solutions with concentrations over 75 mg/L.

Corresponding Author: SEMİH LATİF İPEK, slipek@adanabtu.edu.tr 1 ADANA BİLİM VE TEKNOLOJİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1429

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by Adana Science and Technology University Scientific Research Coordination Unit. Project Number: MUHDBF.GIDA.2015-9.

KEYWORDS Stevia, Steviol glycosides, Rebaudioside A, Spectrophotometry, HPLC

1430

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1389

OUR NATURAL ELIXIR: GANODERMA LUCIDUM (CURTIS) P. KARST. 1

HAKAN ALLI , BEKIR ÇÖL

ABSTRACT Introduction: Since ancient times, only emperors and their children in the Far East have been able to drink the juice of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi). When someone finds this mushroom under a tree, he had to report it to the local court and hand it over to the authorities. It is known that the houses in the region where the mushroom is found are searched and the people possessing this mushroom were severely punished. The mushroom, which has been used in Far East traditional medicine for about 2000 years is also known as the "Queen of Fungi" and it was first cultured by the Japanese researcher Shigeaki Mori. After that, it has attracted the attention of many people from all parts of the world. Material and Methods: Specimens of macrofungi were collected from Muğla province during the routine field trips between 2015 and 2016. In the field, ecological and macroscopic features were recorded and photographed. After the field studies, the specimens were brought to the laboratory and identified morphologically using reference books. Results: Ganoderma lucidum, which has been used in some health problems since ancient times is very difficult to be spotted and identified in nature and it is significant for our country that this mushroom is found naturally in different locations of our country. Discussion: It is very risky to collect and use this mushroom that has the medicinal value by the people other than the mushroom experts. Moreover, it will not provide much benefit to use the byproducts of this fungus, which are claimed by some people in the market to have some active ingredients. Therefore, it is best to consume the mushroom itself and not the side products. It is a very important step that Reishi mushroom has recently been started to being cultured in our country.

KEYWORDS Ganoderma lucidum, Medicinal Mushroom, Turkey

Corresponding Author: HAKAN ALLI, hakanalli@gmail.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN FAKÜLTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ

1431

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1390

USAGE AREAS OF SOME SPICE PLANTS AND EVALUATION IN TERMS OF COUNTRY ECONOMY IN TURKEY 1

AYBÜKE KAYA , DILEK BOSTAN BUDAK , ERDAL DAĞISTAN

ABSTRACT Turkey has different climate characteristics. It is a country rich in biological diversity. Turkey is the motherland of many plant species in terms of its position in the world. Medical and aromatic plants are also naturally grown in Turkey. Especially spice plants have been used all over the world for centuries both in local kitchen and in the health field. Health problems have increased in recent years. These problems are solved by using fewer chemicals. The demand for these plants has increased factors such as increasing health problems and solving these problems by using fewer chemicals, herbal teas used to prevent obesity, development of cosmetic industry and preference of different aroma substances in recent years. Many spice plants grow in Turkey. The most produced plants are red pepper, anise, thyme, cilantro and coriander. The planting area and production of these plants have shown fluctuations and have increased in recent years. Turkey was realized in 2016 approximately 12 500 ha area 228 531 tonnes red pepper, 9,491 tonnes of anise from 14 000 ha area, 18 586 tonnes of cumin from 27 000 ha area, 14 724 tonnes of thyme from 12 000, 2527 tonnes of black sesame from 2350 ha area, 2464 tonnes of fennel from 1750 ha area, 42 tonnes of coriander from 50 ha area and 1883 tonnes of broom from 1400 ha area. Production is mostly in rural areas. There are more female labor force in this area. Employment of women in this area increases the level of income, it also positively affects the level of regional development. In addition, with the effect of the increasing population, the demand for these plants is contributing to the demand, it is also developing foreign trade and contributing significantly to the economy of the country. Spice plants have an important place in Turkey. The aim of this study to determine the contribution of some spice plants to the economy of the country.

KEYWORDS Spice plants, Economy, Female labor force, Foreign Trade, Turkey

Corresponding Author: AYBÜKE KAYA, aybukekaya@mku.edu.tr 1 MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1432

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1391

MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM 1

H. EDA USTUNTAS , SENAY OZGEN , ZELIHA SELAMOGLU

ABSTRACT Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) is also known as coriander or Chinese parsley. It is an annual plant of family Apiaceae. It is known from the ancient times as a spice and cultivation of cilantro is now reported from many countries, e.g. Argentina, Brazil, Burma, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Great Britain, India, Italy, Libya, Mexico, Morocco, the Netherlands, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Rumania, Somalia, Spain, USA, USSR, and Yugoslavia. The stem is smooth, feeble and light green in color. The leaves are compound, thin, alternate and easily breakable and having spherical fruits with the diameter of one centimeter. The fresh leaves of coriander are nutrient rich which include a variety of minerals along with proteins and carbohydrates. Cilantro’s all plant parts are edible but usually the fresh leaves and the dried seeds are more preferred for cooking. Coriander juice is beneficial as it contains vitamin A, B1, B2, C and Fe. Besides its nutritional value, the plant has medicinal applications too. In Ethiopia, fruits of coriander are used against stomachache. For this purpose, the fruit extract is taken orally to cure this ailment. The leaves are chewed to control colic and stomachache. It is also used as traditional medicine to heal intestinal diseases, inflammation and joint pain and rheumatism. In addition to these, coriander essential oil is used in perfumery industry.

KEYWORDS Cilantro, Medicinal plant, Coriander, Chinese parsley.

Corresponding Author: H. EDA USTUNTAS, edaustuntas88@gmail.com 1 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR UNİVERSİTY

1433

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1394

OPTIMIZATION OF DRYING MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY 1

SAMI GÖKHAN ÖZKAL , SENEM TÜFEKÇİ

ABSTRACT Optimization of Drying Medicinal and Aromatic Plants by Response Surface Methodology Sami Gökhan ÖZKAL1, Senem TÜFEKÇİ2* 1 Pamukkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Denizli, Turkey, 2 Pamukkale University, Vocational School of Acıpayam, Department of Food Processing, *Presenting Author: S. TÜFEKÇİ (stufekci@pau.edu.tr) Medicinal and aromatic plants are consumed as fresh but they have short shelf life due to environmental conditions limiting the long term consumption. Drying is one of the oldest used methods for preservation of medicinal and aromatic plants. Although drying process enables long shelf life by removal of water from structure, it has several advantages such as chemical, physical and nutritional losses, undesirable flavor, and color changes. Using a pre-drying treatment or combining different drying methods are some way of producing dried products at good quality with minimum losses. In order to obtain better quality dried products there is a need to understand drying process by determining drying characteristics of plants at different drying conditions. Optimization of drying process is essential for medicinal and aromatic plants. For this purpose optimization by response surface methodology can be used. Response surface methodology (RSM) is a useful method for evaluating the relationship between the responses (drying characteristics, quality parameters) and independent variables (drying conditions). RSM uses data evaluated from experimental designs and represents surfaces which describe the independent variables effects on responses. Interrelationships among the drying conditions and combined effect of all process conditions on quality parameters can be provided statistically and graphically by this method. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimum drying conditions for medicinal and aromatic plants such as; acerola, blackcurrant, blueberry, garlic, bitter gourd, ginger, green peppers, jackfruit, mango, mushroom, olive leaves, onion, pandan leaves, parsley, pink guave, spirulina, turmeric. IN this review drying and pre-treatment methods, conditions (air temperature, air velocity,etc.), experimental designs and effects of them on selected responses as quality parameters for these products will be explained briefly.

KEYWORDS Response Surface Methodology (RSM), optimization, drying, medicinal and aromatic plants

1434

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1395

IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ACHILLEA SIPIKORENSIS HAUSSKN. & BORNM. 1

SELVI CİNGÖZ , FERDA CANDAN

ABSTRACT Inflammation is an immediate response to many injuries produced by pathogens, noxious stimuli such as chemicals, or physical injury. Inflammation can cause various physical dysfunctions. Inflammatory disorders are treated using conventional anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, their prolonged use may produce adverse effects. Thus, it is important to develop new anti-inflammatory agents with fewer adverse effects. Natural products can be a source of active metabolites that can serve as an alternate approach to anti-inflammatory drugs. The search for natural products with anti-inflammatory activity has increased markedly in recent years. Achillea species have been used for their antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, hemostatic, spasmolytic, digestive and cholagogue effects in Turkish folk medicine. Dry materials of Achillea sipikorensis from Hausskn. & Bornm. were obtained Gürün, Sivas in June 2012. This study was aimed to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of both methanolic and aqueous extract of the flowers of Achillea sipikorensis Hausskn. and Bornm by human red blood cell membrane stabilization method and protein denaturation, using different extract concentrations. Both results are compared with standard diclofenac. The result obtained from this study suggests that extracts of Achillea sipikorensis has a natural source for anti-inflammatory activity. However, further studies must be conducted in order to clarify which constituent(s) of the extracts is responsible for these activities. Acknowledgements: This research was part of the project number F-501 supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University in Sivas / Turkey.

KEYWORDS Achillea sipikorensis Hausskn. and Bornm., anti-inflammatory, HRBC membrane stabilization; albumin denaturation; diclofenac.

Corresponding Author: SELVİ CİNGÖZ, selvi.cingoz@gmail.com 1 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1435

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1396

SOME MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS FROM ORDU VICINITY 1

ÖZNUR ERGEN AKÇİN , TUĞBA ÖZBUCAK , GÜLCAN ŞENEL

ABSTRACT Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from Ordu Vicinity Öznur ERGEN AKÇİN1, Tuğba ÖZBUCAK2, Gülcan ŞENEL3 1 2Ordu University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ordu,Turkey. 3 Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Samsun, Turkey oakcin@gmail.com Many local wild plants have been used as traditional medicinal plants in Anatolia. Wild medicinal plants are very widespread in Black Sea Region of Turkey and people has been used wild plants as medicinal purposes. In this study, some wild medicinal plants which used in the treatment of diseases in Ordu were investigated and introduced. Specimens were collected from different locaties in Ordu. Their morphological features, parts used as medicinal plants, methods of using, scientific name and Turkish name were determined. There are about 80 wild medicinal plants in Ordu vicinity. In this study, common 15 wild medicinal and aromatic plants were investigated. These plant are Helichrysum sp., Hypericum orientale L., Hypericum bithynicum Boiss., Helleborus orientalis Lam.,Tussilago farfara L., Ornithogalum sigmoideum Freyn et. Sint., Cyclamen coum ssp. coum, Arum italicum Mill., Urtica dioica L., Malva neglecta Wallr., Laurocerasus officinalis Roemer, Tilia rubra DC., Cichorium intybus L., Rhododendron luteum Sweet. and Chelidonium majus L. Generally leaf, stem and flowers of plant are used as medicinal purposes. Flowers and leaves of Hypericum orientale, Tussulago farfara and Rhododendron luteum are used as therapeutic. Arum italicum has expectorant and cough suppressant properties. Aboveground parts of Helichrysum are used diuretic. Chelidonium majus is used as diuretic and expectorant. Also the plant’s sap is used against warts and corns. Cylamen is effective in treating arthritis and joint pain. Also used in the treatment of boils and burns. Ornithgalum sigmoideum is good for pimples and boils. This plant has diuretic and emetic effect. Urtica dioica is effective against rheumatic pain and eczema. Keywords: Medicinal plant, aromatic plant, traditional medicine, Ordu, Turkey.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plant, aromatic plant, traditional medicine, Ordu, Turkey.

Corresponding Author: ÖZNUR ERGEN AKÇİN, oakcin@gmail.com 1 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1436

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1400

ANTIDOTIC POTENCY OF BITTER GOURD (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L) 1

MUHAMMAD YASIR NAEEM , SENAY OZGEN , ZELIHA SELAMOGLU

ABSTRACT Both in developed and developing countries the people have been using herbal medicine since aging to cure several life-threatening diseases such as cancer, diabetes, obesity and heart disease. In recent years an herbaceous vegetable called Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L) with tropical and subtropical distribution has been identified to be used effectively against these diseases. It is one of the most valuable marketable vegetable in south-eastern countries of the Asia and spread out all over the world due to its high nutritive and medicinal value. It is commonly called Aci kabak in Turkey, with various local names like balsam pear, African cucumber and bitter melon around the world. It is ever first domesticated in eastern India and carried to china near 14th century, while due to slave tradition in ancient world it spread out to some parts of the world for medicinal and food purpose. Bitter gourd is available in the natural of basket which offers excellent medicinal merits. The bitter gourd is specially used to control diabetes as well as several fungal diseases like scabies, ring worm, psoriasis and also blood disorder like blood boils. Leaves and roots of bitter gourd have different compounds which are using in traditional medicines for respiratory diseases. The leaves tips of bitter gourd are the good source of vitamin A. Fresh fruits of bitter gourd have compounds like Charantin, Peptides, glycosides, triterpines and alkaloids actively affects the blood and urine sugar level. Juices from the fresh leaves of bitter gourd also highly effective in diseases like diarrhea and cholera. Bitter gourd contains proteins like MAP30 (exposed by American scientists in 1996) having great effect against diseases like AIDS, tumor and other viruses like herpes simplex virus – 1 (HSV-1) inhibiting its reproduction as well as reducing its ability to skin irritation. Bitter gourd has high contents of fiber in their fruit help in many stomach disorders by stimulating gastric juice. A-electrostatic acid and 15, 16dihydroxy-a-eleostearic acid are the two compounds found in seeds and fruits of bitter gourd respectively, contribute great effect to health by preventing cancerous cell, help in production of red blood cells, leukemia disorder and also control blood pressure. Alpha and beta-momorchardin protein present in bitter gourd have constraining result on human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is inviting scientists across the world due to its high medicinal value in treatment of various diseases especially in diabetes mellitus and respiratory diseases.

KEYWORDS diabetes mellitus, Charantin, Peptides and MAP30

Corresponding Author: MUHAMMAD YASİR NAEEM, yasr.naeem@yahoo.co.uk 1 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR UNİVERSİTY

1437

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1401

IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT BERBERIS CRATAEGINA DC. FRUITS 1

FERDA CANDAN , FERHAN CANDAN , EROL DÖNMEZ

ABSTRACT Recently, some medicinal plants have been reported to be useful in diabetes worldwide and have been used empirically as antidiabetic remedies. Despite the presence of known antidiabetic medicine in the pharmaceutical market, diabetes and the related complications continued to be a major medical problem. Antihyperglycemic effects of medicinal plants are attributed to their ability to restore the function of pancreatic tissues by causing an increase in insulin output or inhibit the intestinal absorption of glucose or to the facilitation of metabolites in insulin dependent processes. More than 400 plant species having hypoglycemic activity have been available in literatüre. However, searching for new antidiabetic drugs from natural plants is still attractive because they contain substances which demonstrate alternative and safe effects on diabetes mellitus. The present investigation evaluated aqueous extract of Berberis crataegina DC was subjected to inhibitory effect of -Glucosidase inhibition assay using specific standard in vitro procedure. Acarbose was utilized as the positive control. The extract produced higher reduction of αglucosidase activity than α-amylase. The findings indicate Berberis crataegina DC possess hypoglycemic effect and hence it can be utilized as an adjunct in the management of diabetes mellitus.

KEYWORDS α- amylase; α-glucosidase; In vitro antidiabetic; Berberis crataegina DC

Corresponding Author: FERDA CANDAN, candan@cumhuriyet.edu.tr 1 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1438

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1402

THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GERANIOL AGAINST REMOTE TISSUE INJURY INDUCED BY SHORT TERM RENAL ISCHEMIA / REPERFUSION IN RATS 1

IŞIL TAN YILMAZ , MEDIHA CANBEK , HAKAN ŞENTÜRK , FATMA YILDIZ , SEREN DANIŞ , SENANUR CAN

ABSTRACT In our study, the possible protective effects of geraniol, which is known to be an atioxidant, were investigated against liver injury induced by experimentally short-term renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. In the study, three to four month old, Wistar-albino type 28 rats were used (n=7). Four groups were designed randomly that Group I (Sham Group), Group II (I/R+normal saline), Group III (I/R+ 50 mg/kg geraniol), Group IV (I/R+ 100 mg/kg geraniol). Right nephrectomies were performed under xylazine (10 mg/kg) and ketamine (70 mg/kg) anesthesia in all group rats. Then, 2 ml physiological saline solution was injected to Group I and Group II; 50 mg/kg geraniol was injected to Group III and 100 mg/kg geraniol was injected to Group IV intraperitoneally one hour before ischemia. 45 minutes ischemia and 4 hours reperfsion were applied to all groups expect Group I. At the end of the experiment, ALT, AST activites in the blood serum and the Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutases (SOD) and Glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), enzime activities in liver tissue were measured. Histological sections were stained using Hematoxylien & Eosine and investigated by light microscope. According to the study results, when Group I and Group II’ s ALT and AST values were compared in serum and CAT, SOD, Gpx in tissue samples, belonging to Group II’ s serum ALT and AST value and SOD, Gpx activity increased and CAT activity decreased in liver tissue. While Group III and IV’ s SOD and Gpx activities decreased, CAT activity increased comparad to Group II. Although histopathologically, in Group II’ s the liver tissue was shown that intense vakuolization, advenced necrozis, intense nuclear infiltrasyon and congestion, this findings was not found in Group IV. Biochemical analyzes have supported by histological findings of our experimental study. The results of this study have demonstrated that geraniol (100 mg/kg i.p.) prevents distant organ injury because of renal I/R injury.

KEYWORDS Ischemia/Reperfusion, Remote organ, Liver, Free Radical,Geraniol

Corresponding Author: IŞIL TAN YILMAZ, yilmazisiltan@gmail.com 1 ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 TOROS ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1439

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1403

IN VITRO ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ACHILLEA TERETIFOLIA WILLD. BY HRBC MEMBRANE STABILISATION 1

FERDA CANDAN , SELVI CİNGÖZ

ABSTRACT Plants from the genus Achillea are used as folk medicine for treating various diseases including inflammatory and immune-related diseases. Numerous reports have suggested plant extracts and their constituents as possible anti-inflammatory agents. Here, in vitro evidence of Achillea teretifolia Willd. anti inflammatory activity and antioxidant properties is presented for the first time. In this study we found out that the methanol extract of the leaves of Achillea teretifolia Willd. possess a significant anti-inflammatory action comparing with diclofenac sodium as standard. Human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization was taken as the screening procedure for obtaining the results. In this particular method inhibition of membrane lysis was taken as the measure of anti-inflammatory property. The haemoglobin content in the supernatant solutions was estimated using spectrophotometer at 560 nm. The percentage haemolysis was calculated by assuming the haemolysis produced in presence of distilled water as 100%. The maximum membrane stabilization of Achillea teretifolia extracts was found to be 92.47 % at a dose of 1000 μg/ml. Therefore, our present in vitro studies on Achillea teretifolia extracts demonstrate the depression of inflammation.

KEYWORDS Achillea teretifolia Willd., anti-inflammatory, HRBC membrane stabilization; diclofenac.

Corresponding Author: FERDA CANDAN, candan@cumhuriyet.edu.tr 1 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1440

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1404

DETERMINATION OF THE THOUGHTS OF HEALTH SERVICE VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS ABOUT PLANT USE AND HERBAL TREATMENT 1

GÜLSÜM YETIŞ , TURGAY KOLAÇ , PERIHAN GÜRBÜZ , ZEHRA DENIZ YAKINCI

ABSTRACT Summary Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the opinions of Health Services Vocational School students about the use of plants and the use of herbal remedies. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 342 students having education at İnönü University Health Services Vocational School. A questionnaire which was prepared by the researchers using the literature knowledge, consisting of questions about the socio-demographic characteristics of students and their thoughts about herbal treatment was used in the collection of the data. Analyzes of the obtained data were done by using SPSS 17.0 program, frequency and percentages were determined and q-square test was performed. For the realization of the research, written approval from the institution and the ethics committee, verbal approval from the students was obtained where the research was conducted. Findings: 69.3% of the students who participated the research were female, 73.5% had medium economic status and the average age was 20.33 ± 3.49. 7.6% of the students had a chronic illness requiring medication. While 77.1% had a body mass index in the normal range, 7.0% was below and 16.0% was abovethe normal range. Among the students; 70.2% of them had used alternative treatment, 70.0% believed in alternative treatment, 52.4% had people using alternative treatment around them, 45.1% had no idea about alternative treatment to be correct or not, 14.8% did not find the alternative treatment correct, and 29.2% of those who did not find it correct expressed the reason of this condition by the unconscious use of the patients. The second reason of this condition was expressed by lack of training about herbal treatment (28,6%). 52.2% of the students stated that they found both drugs and plants safe, 21.3% said they found plants more reliable than drugs, and 44.1% of the students stated that they used herbal treatment. The order of herbal treatment use is; products that strengthen the body and the immune system (31.3%), skin care products (31.3%), hair care products (22.3%), pain relief products (21.0%), products for burn treatment (9, 4), perfume essences (7.6%) and slimming products (6.7%). It was found that 70.6% of the students using herbal products used the products in need, 40.9% bought them from the herbalists, 61.6% recommended the products they used to other people, 32.5% used herbal treatment to benefit from their complaint, 30.8% of the students had not investigated whether the product they used had another effect/usage purpose or not. 72.5% of the students stated that the product they used gave good results for their usage purpose , 13% stated the product to be harmful for themselves and 72.4% expressed that they did not consult doctor for the use of herbal treatment. The reason for not consulting a doctor has been defined as; they did not need it (81.5%), they thought the doctor would react negatively(5,2%), they were afraid to be criticized(3,0%). There was statistically significant difference between herbal treatment use and to find herbal treatment use correct, having benefit after the treatment and being Corresponding Author: TURGAY KOLAÇ, turgay.kolac@inonu.edu.tr 1 İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEK OKULU

1441

informed about herbal treatment (p <0,05). The difference between the use of herbal treatment and the sex of the students was statistically insignificant (p> 0,05) Conclusion: Among the students it was detected that; 70,0% of the students believed in alternative treatment, only 14,8% found alternative treatment incorrect, 52,2% thought both the drugs and plants were safe, 44,1% used herbal treatment. The herbal products most commonly used by students are products that strengthen the body and immune system and skin care products. The rates of herbal treatment use has been found to be more in the groups who found the herbal treatment correct, saw the benefit of the treatment that had already been used and had been informed about the herbal treatment, and this condition was statistically significant.

KEYWORDS herbal treatment, plant, student

1442

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1405

INVESTIGATION OF BIONEMATICIDAL VALUE OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA IN VITRO 1

FATMA GÜL GÖZE ÖZDEMİR , BEKIR TOSUN , ARIF ŞANLI

ABSTRACT Nematicidal activity of essential oils extracted from 14 plant species representing Apiaceae family were evaluated in vitro experiments against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Fruit essential oils of Ferulago pauciradiata (Boiss&Heldr), Foeniculum vulgare (Miller.), Ferulago cassia (Boiss.), Daucus carota (Linne.), Coriondrum sativum L., Conium maculatum L., Artedia squamata L., Angelica sylvestris L., Anethum graveolens L., Scandix iberica Bieb., Kundmannia anatolica (Boiss), Heracleum platytaenium Boiss., Pimpinella anisum L., Smyrnium connatum Boiss&Kotschy were extracted via hydrodistillation and investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). High nematicidal activity was achieved with essential oils from Ferulago pauciradiata (Boiss&Heldr), Angelica sylvestris L. and Heracleum platytaenium Boiss. Good nematicidal activity was also obtained with the essential oil from Anethum graveolens L. On the other hand, C. maculatum, S. connatum, S. iberica and D. carota essential oils yielded weak nematicidal activity. All of the tested essential oils possessed nematicidal activity against M. incognita and nematode mortality rate ranging between 39-84.3% on the 3rd day and 59.7-91.7% on the 7th day by essential oil applications. The use of the crude oils provided satisfactory results at the laboratory level against M. incognita, and needs further evaluation in greenhouse and field trials.

KEYWORDS Meloidogyne incognita, essential oils, bionematicide, Apiaceae family

Corresponding Author: BEKİR TOSUN, zymbekirtosun@gmail.com 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, PLANT PROTECTİON DEPARTMENT 2 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, FİELD CROPS DEPARTMENT

1443

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1407

MEDICINAL PLANT MELILOTUS INDICUS (L.) ALL. (FABACEAE) AND THEIR MICROMORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 1

ÖZNUR ERGEN AKÇİN , ŞÜKRAN ÖZTÜRK , TUĞBA ÖZBUCAK

ABSTRACT Medicinal Plant Melilotus indicus (L.) All. (Fabaceae) and Their Micromorphological Properties Öznur ERGEN AKÇİN1, Şükran ÖZTÜRK², Tuğba ÖZBUCAK¹ 1 Ordu University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ordu,Turkey. ²University of Ordu, Ulubey Vocational School, Ordu,Turkey oakcin@gmail.com Melilotus L. (Fabaceae) is represented with 11 species in Turkey. M. indicus (L.) All. named as ”taş yoncası, otuzlu yonca’’ in Anatolia. This species is used as medicinal, forage and nectarius plant. The plant contains coumarin, which is an anticoagulant. M. indicus species are discutient, emollient, astringent, strongly laxative and narcotic. The seed is made into a gruel and used in the treatment of bowel complaints and infantile diarrhoea. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is an ideal instrument for examining the surfaces. In this study, we have aimed to investigate leaf, fruit and seed surfaces of M.indicus by SEM. Plant materials were collected from different localities of Ordu vicinity in flowering period. Taxonomical descriptions of the specimens were made according to Davis. Dried leaf, seed and fruit samples were mounted on stubs using double-sided adhesive tape for SEM. Samples were coated with 12.5-15 nm of gold. Coated samples were examined and photographed with a JMS-6060LV Scanning Electron Microscope. Taxonomical properties are very important to identification of plant. It is very important to collect the right plants for the use of medical plants. Close species or subspecies are very similar to each other. The collection and use of the wrong plant is very dangerous. This means that plants must be well-recognized and diagnosed correctly. Taxonomical properties are very important to identification of plant. Micromorphological properties of plant are important taxonomical properties. In conclusion, micromorphological features of leaves, fruit and seed surface were determined and to help recognize the M. indicus.

KEYWORDS Melilotus, M. indicus, Medicinal plant, Micromorphological, SEM.

Corresponding Author: ÖZNUR ERGEN AKÇİN, oakcin@gmail.com 1 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1444

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1409

INVESTIGATION OF ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF TEUCRIUM POLIUM L. SUBSP. POLIUM IN DIFFERENT CANCER CELLS 1

NURBAHAR ÇİFTCİ , FERDA ARI , OĞUZHAN AKGÜN , HULUSI MALYER , SERAP ÇELİKLER KASIMOĞULLARI

ABSTRACT Cancer is one of the most important public health problems in our country and in the world. Although some progress in cancer treatment, new treatments are needed. The vast majority of anticancer agents in clinical use are of plant origin. The research of plant resources that may have potential as an anti-cancer agent in our country which is rich in plant diversity is very valuable both in terms of health and country economy. Therefore, complementary therapies of herbal origin have gained importance in recent years. The aim of the study is to provide an herbal treatment method that can support cancer treatment. For this purpose, the cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract of Teucrium polium plant were investigated in vitro in human breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549 and H1299) cancer cell lines. Cytotoxic activities on the cells were determined by SRB viability test. The death mode (apoptotic or necrotic) in the cells was evaluated morphological by fluorescence dying. It was determined that Teucrium polium reduced cell viability as dose-dependent manner (12.5-200 μg / ml, 72h) in MCF-7, A549 and H1299 cells. It was determined that IC50 value were calculated as 92 μg/ml (MCF-7), 75.34 μg/ml (A549 cells) and 135.66 μg/ml (H1299 cells), respectively. According to these values, the anti-cancer potential of Teucrium polium ethanol extract is higher in A549 cells than the other. Further analysis is needed for explain the cell death mechanism.

KEYWORDS Teucrium polium L. subsp. polium, cancer, apoptosis, cytotoxic effect

Corresponding Author: SERAP ÇELİKLER KASIMOĞULLARI, scelikler@uludag.edu.tr 1 ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ

1445

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1410

SPECIES OF FLEABANE (CONYZA SPP.) IN TURKEY 1

ÇAĞLAR MENGÜÇ , DIDEM CANIK OREL , İBRAHIM ÖZER ELIBÜYÜK

ABSTRACT Species of Fleabane (Conyza spp.) in Turkey Asteraceae family is the biggest family of the world 1600 genus and 23000 species. Fleabane species (Conyza spp.) are one of the most important types of Asteraceae family. There are 60 different species of the Fleabane that they generally distributed on temperate and subtropic areas of all the continents excluding Antarctica. C. canadensis (L.) known species of Fleabane in Turkey considering that the C. albida Willd. ex. Sprengel, C. bonariensis (L.) Cronquist ve C. canadensis (L.) Cronquist species exist. Besides the existing types are quite similar in our country, lamellar structure and inflorescence are the main differentiation criteria used for diagnosis. Those herbs are used in modern and public medicine because of their rich chemical metabolites. These plants are used as coagulant, diuretic, expectorant, hypoglycemic, tonic (as refreshing), antirheumatic, antifungal and antibacterial besides these effects also for dysentry and hemorrhoid treatment.

KEYWORDS Conyza spp. Fleabanes, Turkey

Corresponding Author: ÇAĞLAR MENGÜÇ, cglr.mngc@hotmail.com 1 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PROTECTİON

1446

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1412

ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SALIX BABYLONICA 1

ICLAL AGAN , ULKU ALTOPARLAK , SABIHA AYDOGDU , SABAN KORDALI , DEMET CELEBI

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of civilization, humans have used natural products for healing of different diseases. Salix babylonica (Babylon willow or weeping willow) is a species of willow native to dry areas of northern China, but cultivated for millennia elsewhere in Asia, being traded along the Silk Road to southwest Asia and Europe. Salix plant was used in the treatment of many conditions, including arthritis, menstrual, dental and back pain reduce fevers. and it is used as an anti-inflammatory drug. This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Salix babylonica ethanol and acetone extracts on Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. MATERIAL and METHOD Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of plant extracts were determined by the microdilution and disk diffusion method as described by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS Disc diffusion results were ineffective. The MIC values of both extract (ethanol and acetone) were same except C. albicans, E. faecalis, S. aureus. E. coli, P. mirabilis, S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa (>12.500 µg/ml, 12.500 µg/ml, 97.6 µg/ml, >12.500 µg/ml for), respectively. The ethanol extract of Salix babylonica MIC values were determinated for C.albicans 781 µg/ml, E.faecalis 781 µg/ml. While was ineffective for S.aureus. The acetone extract of Salix babylonica MIC values were determinated for C.albicans 390 µg/ml, E.faecalis 1.562 µg/ml, S.aureus 97.6 µg/ml CONCLUSIONS Result of this study suggests that salix babylonica extracts can be effective in tested several microorganisms. Further studies in the effect of different dosages and duration are suggested. Future studies should elucidate the components responsible for antimicrobial activity of these extracts against target cultures.

KEYWORDS Salix babylonica, Antimicrobial activity

Corresponding Author: ICLAL AGAN, iclalagan@gmail.com 1 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, SCHOOL OF MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF MEDİCAL MİCROBİOLOGY, ERZURUM 2 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PROTECTİON, ERZURUM 3 ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, VETERİNARY FACULTY, ERZURUM

1447

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1414

ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIOXIDANT AND REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF ACHILLEA SIPIKORENSIS HAUSSKN. AND BORNM. AND ACHILLEA TERETIFOLIA WILLD. 1

SELVI CİNGÖZ , FERDA CANDAN

ABSTRACT Oxidative stress is initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are responsible for majority of the diseases. However, antioxidants with ROS scavenging ability may have great relevance in the prevention of oxidative stress. The present study was undertaken, using a methanolic extracts of Achillea sipikorensis Hausskn. and Bornm. ve Achillea teretifolia Willd, to examine different in vitro tests in diversified fields including total antioxidant activity, scavenging activities for various ROS (radicals like hydroxyl, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide), phenolic and flavonoid contents. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity of the methanolic extracts were carried out following the procedure of Ruch et al. Hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity was measured with Fenton reaction. Superoxide anion scavenging activity was evaluated by the method of xanthine/xantine oxidase (XOD) system. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species were calculated for changing the concentration of plant extracts. IC50 which is the amount of extract supplying 50% inhibition were calculated using the graph. The ability of the extracts of the Achillea in exhibiting their total antioxative properties follow the order Achillae spikorensis > Achillae teretifolia. The same order is followed in their phenolic content, whereas in case of flavonoid content it becomes Achillae teretifolia > Achillae spikorensis.Miscellaneous results were observed in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species by the plant extracts, Achillae teretifolia > Achillae spikorensis for hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, and Achillae spikorensis > Achillae teretifolia for hydrogen peroxide. In a whole, the studied Achillae extracts showed quite good efficacy in their antioxidant and radical scavenging abilities, compared to the standards. In conclusion, it may be concluded that methanol extracts of Achillae spikorensis and Achillae teretifolia as an antioxidant and ROS scavenger; which may be due to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Acknowledgements: This research was part of the project number F-501 supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University in Sivas / Turkey.

KEYWORDS Assessment of the Antioxidant and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Achillea sipikorensis Hausskn. and Bornm. and Achillea teretifolia Willd.

Corresponding Author: SELVİ CİNGÖZ, selvi.cingoz@gmail.com 1 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1448

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1415

WHY FERULIC ACID ATTRACTS THE ATTENTION OF MANY RESEARCHERS? 1

FATMA UNAL , DENIZ YÜZBAŞIOĞLU

ABSTRACT Phenolic compounds possess one or more aromatic rings with one or more attached -OH groups, which may occur in free, combined, or bound forms that are considered to be part of the defense mechanisms in plants. Ferulic Acid (FA) (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acidhydroxycinnamic acid), an Angelica sinensis derived phenolic phytochemical, is a component of equisetum, angelica, and some Chinese herbal medicines. It is also present in various fruits and vegetables, such as citrus fruits, bananas, whole grains, spinach, broccoli, eggplants, and cabbage. It has been reported that FA has numerous physiological functions, including antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antifibrosis, and antidiabetic functions. It has a strong antioxidant property which includes very high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radicals, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite scavenging activity. FA has also been found to possess a lot of potential improved effects related to different diseases. FA can prevent cognitive deficits in mice, attenuate the symptom of Alzheimer's disease induced by chronic neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in rats, and protect rats brain after nerve injury induced by cerebral ischemia. Chemopreventive efficacy of ferulic acid in some kind of carcinogenesis has also been demonstrated. In addition, some publications indicated that FA produced the antidepressant-like effects. This study was designed to review the health benefits of phenolic compound FA in in vitro and in vivo studies.

KEYWORDS Ferulic acid, antioxidant, radical scavenging activity, chemoproventive effect, antidepressantlike effect

Corresponding Author: FATMA UNAL, funal@gazi.edu.tr 1 GAZİ UNİVERSİTESİ

1449

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1416

INVESTIGATION OF ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF ADANSONIA DIGITATA (BAOBAB) IN DIFFERENT CANCER CELLS 1

KEMAL ZORLI , NADIA RAYMONDE EMMA SAGNA , FERDA ARI , OĞUZHAN AKGÜN , ENGIN ULUKAYA , 1 SERAP ÇELİKLER KASIMOĞULLARI

ABSTRACT The Baobab tree (Adansonia digitata) is an indigenous vegetation of several countries in tropical Africa, including Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Namibia. Many parts of the plant, especially leaves, fruit pulp, seeds and bark fibers, have been used traditionally for medicinal and nutritional purposes. In addition, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-trypanosome activities have been reported. An important area of research in cancer treatment is to investigate the anticancer properties of herbal extracts. For this purpose, cytotoxic effects of ethanolic extract of Adansonia digitata (Baobab) plant were investigated in human breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549 and H1299) cancer cell lines in vitro. Cytotoxic activities on the cells were determined by SRB viability test. The death mode (apoptotic or necrotic) in the cells was evaluated morphologically by fluorescence staining. Adansonia digitata (Baobab) ethanolic extract was found to reduced viability in the MCF-7, A549 and H1299 cells as dose-dependent manner. Calculated IC50 values were determined to be as 110.83 μg/ml in MCF-7 cells, 36.36 μg/ml in A549 cells and 116.41 μg/ml in H1299 cells, respectively. We think that the Adansonia digitata plant has anticancer potential in human lung cancer cells and that its mechanism needs to be elucidated.

KEYWORDS Adansonia digitata (Baobab), cancer, apoptosis, cytotoxic effect

Corresponding Author: SERAP ÇELİKLER KASIMOĞULLARI, scelikler@uludag.edu.tr 1 ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 İSTİNYE ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ BİYOKİMYA ANABİLİM DALI

1450

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1418

A DIFFERENT UTILIZATION AREA OF OLIVE OIL: WOUND CARE 1

MERVE YURTTAŞ , KENAN GÜMÜŞ

ABSTRACT A DIFFERENT UTILIZATION AREA OF OLIVE OIL: WOUND CARE Merve YURTTAŞ1*, Kenan GÜMÜŞ2 1University of Amasya, School of Health, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amasya/TURKEY 2University of Amasya, School of Health, Department of Surgial Diseases Nursing, Amasya/TURKEY merve.yurttas@amasya.edu.tr ABSTRACT Introduction: The fact that natural olive oil which is essential component of Mediterranean diet possess compounds with natural antioxidant properties such as monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, carotenoids, phytosterols, flavanoids, and phenolic compounds both increase its nutritional value and allows its use in medicine. Method: Literature review was presented extracting from the full texts and summarized articles reached via databases such as "Pub Med, Scopus, Scince Direct, Ulakbim, Google Scholar" by using key words such as olive oil, nutrition, and wound care. Results: Olive oil is a highly nutritious aromatic oil obtained from ripe olive fruits mechanically without applying any chemical treatment. Olive oil which is stated to have positive effects on health in the literature is also used for treatment purpose all over the world. It is reported that olive oil has been used in ancient times and today’s folk medicine for wound care by utilizing from its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. It is expressed to accelerate healing by stimulating the growth factors when it is applied to wound. The fact that olive oil has antibacterial activity enables olive oil to be an effective agent against bacterial species, like Klebsiella-Pseudomonas, causing wound infections and having antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: There are studies examining the effect of olive oil on wound healing and presenting evidence-based results about this issue. It comes to the forefront in the fields of conventional medicine and folk medicine due to its clinically important properties such as acceleration of wound healing and providing the clean environment required for the wound to heal. Key Words: olive oil, nutrition, wound care

KEYWORDS olive oil, nutrition, wound care

Corresponding Author: MERVE YURTTAŞ, merve.yurttas@amasya.edu.tr 1 AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1451

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1419

USE OF SPROUT AS ENZYME THERAPY IN PHENYLKETONURIA 1

ÖZLEM KILIÇ , MUSTAFA ERBAŞ

ABSTRACT Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disorder of protein metabolism caused by the deficiency or absence of the phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme (PAH) and/or the cofactor of this enzyme, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). An essential amino acid phenylalanine is converted irreversibly into tyrosine by the PAH enzyme secreted from the liver in healthy individuals. In patients with PKU, phenylalanine cannot be converted to tyrosine due to the deficiency or absence of PAH and as a result it accumulates in body fluids and causes damage especially in nerve and brain tissues. Currently, phenylalanine-restricted diet is the basis of the treatment for PKU patients. In addition, new treatment approaches have been carried out such as oral phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) enzyme therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with PKU. PAL converts phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid and ammonia by autocatalytic effect without cofactors. There are studies related to determine the activity of naturally encapsulated PAL enzyme in plant tissues from various sources such as fruits, legumes and cereals for patients with PKU. PAL contents and activity of cereals and legumes such as wheat, corn, green lentil and soybean could be very increased by germination. It was found that the highest PAL activity was the sprouts of red-spring wheat had on the seventh day of germination. The stability of PAL activity in wheat sprout during in vitro digestion was also investigated to determine the potential of enzyme to be used as a dietary supplement for patients with PKU. It is known that the PAL activity could be preserved to some degree in fresh sprout throughout digestion. Conclusion, fresh wheat and legume sprouts could be used in diet patients with PKU as oral enzyme therapy.

KEYWORDS Phenylketonuria, sprout, phenylalanine ammonium lyase

Corresponding Author: ÖZLEM KILIÇ, ozlemkilic.91@gmail.com 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1452

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1420

REVIEW OF IMPORTANT INTERACTIONS BETWEEN STATINS AND HERBAL PRODUCTS OR NUTRIENTS 1

ESRA BÜYÜK , AYTEN DEMIRCI , MEVRA AL , AYŞE SAIDE ŞAHIN , BURAK CEM SONER

ABSTRACT Herbal products have been used for thousand years by human being because of the effects they have with the purpose of treatment, protection from diseases or improving life quality. Today, usage of herbal products is still common in the world showing the differences by the aspect of community and district. A variety of interactions can be seen from the fact that the active components of the herbal products are the substrates, inducers, and the inhibitors of the same pathways as the drugs in the body. Also, carrier proteins such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) are assuming an active role on the pharmacokinetics of some xenobiotics; so that, potential of interaction increases with the drugs transporting through the same transport proteins. Drug interaction is the change of a drug’s effect due to in the presence of another xenobiotic or being under its effect. Treatment interruption, hospitalization, temporary/permanent disabilities, congenital anomaly, lifethreatening conditions, and death can be seen as a result of these changes. In our study, we are aiming to evaluate the current data on the interactions of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), one of the group of hypolipidemic drugs, with herbal products and nutrients. Hypolipidemic agents are classified as statins, fibric acid derivatives, niacin, bile acid sequestrants, and ezetimibe. They are used to decrease the risk of coronary heart diseases and the other atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases with the lifestyle changes by the means of retarding atherosclerosis development but also hindering the progress. Usage of statins widely and having important clinical drug interactions necessitate the safe drug use. It is known that statins cause myopathy, elevation on liver enzymes, rhabdomyolysis etc. and incident of these effects increases after concomitant use with drugs, herbal products or nutrients. Myopathy which is classified as a serious adverse effect can be seen 1 of 1.000 frequency and characterized by the elevation of serum creatine kinase at least ten-fold. An interaction that can cause elevation on the statin plasma levels can increase adverse effects that belong to muscle system such as myalgia, myopathy, more rarely seen rhabdomyolysis and hematuria. Grapefruit juice increases the quantity of atorvastatin passing to portal vein via inhibition P-gp and CYP3A4 of which atorvastatin is a substrate. It is reported that green tea inhibits enzyme CYP3A4, P-gp and OATP carrier proteins. When green tea is used with simvastatin (one of the substrates of these pathways), it is stated that an increase of simvastatin blood concentration. St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum)’s decreasing effect on atorvastatin plasma concentration via inducing CYP3A4 causes increase on plasma lipid levels. It is possible to get benefit from some drug-herbal products interactions as additive. In an experimental study that was conducted with rats, a significant cholesterol lowering effect with the combined use of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and atorvastatin was observed. While the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increase in the group taking atorvastatin alone, these enzyme levels are observed less in the combined treatment group. In the consideration of Corresponding Author: BURAK CEM SONER, burakcemsoner@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ A.B.D 2 KTO KARATAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ A.B.D

1453

this information by keeping in mind that drug interactions can cause serious results, patient-physicianpharmacist communication and in this context importance of informing shows up again for the patient to take the necessary cautions. Especially, almost 50% of patients tend not to indicate the herbal products or dietary supplements they use gives birth the obligation of assess to this subject more carefully. In this study, interactions of statins with herbal products and nutrients were searched on the aspect of clinical studies and case reports; and duration of use, doses/amounts, possible interaction mechanisms and adverse effects of drugs, herbal products and nutrients were presented as a summary.

KEYWORDS statins, herbal products, interaction, CYP450, P-gp, OATP

1454

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1421

THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OILS ON GERMINATION RATE OF SOME SUMMERY AND WINTERY WEED SPECIES SEEDS 1

DERYA ÖĞÜT YAVUZ , BURCU BEGÜM KENANOĞLU , DERYA KÖKTAŞ

ABSTRACT To start germination activity, seeds need water, temperature, oxygen and light depending on morphological, physiological properties and species. Light, temperature and nitrate ions that are in the land are alternative factors that can significantly affect seed germination. They are dominant factors in the enviroment. To speed up or promote germination with organic or inorganic treatments do positive effects to the seed or seedling. Recently, eco-friendly, clean, cheap, and most important herbal origin (seaweed extract, medical plant extract, vinegar priming, volatile oils and propolis) treatments use alternative to chemical-intensive applications. Especially in terms of medicinal and aromatic plants in our country one of the richest countries in the world. In this study, to determinate different volatile oil’s (Mentha longifolia L., Pimpinella anisum L., Carthamus tinctorius L., Citrus limon L., Eucalyptus globulus Labil., Lavandula stoechas L. and Prunus dulcis Mill.) effects on some wintery Sinapis arvensis L., Galium tricornutum Dandy, Melilotus officinalis L. and some summery Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleraceae L., Chenopodium album L. weed species’s seeds germination rate. Wintery species seeds germinated at15-20 0C and summery seeds germinated at 2530 0C in 1 month with petri dishes. At the end of treatments normal-abnormal germination rate (%), mean germination time (day) determined. Generally, control (untreatment with volatile oil) group’s weed seeds germination rates were between %20-100. The most effective treatments groups are bitter almond, anise and safflower volatile oils effect on Melilotus officinalis L. ve Amaranthus retroflexus L. seed’s germination rates.

KEYWORDS Weed seeds, germination rate, volatile oils, priming treatment

Corresponding Author: BURCU BEGÜM KENANOĞLU, burcu.kenanoglu@usak.edu.tr 1 UŞAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT VE DOĞA BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BİTKİ KORUMA BÖLÜMÜ 2 UŞAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT VE DOĞA BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ

1455

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1422

INVESTIGATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID COMPOUNDS OF GIRESUN REGION’S PLANT ORNITHOGALUM UMBELLATUM WHICH COOKED AND FRESH ELIF APAYDIN

ABSTRACT It is the study of the total phenolic compounds and total flovonoid compounds of the fresh and diet of the Ornithogalum umbellatum plant which grows abundantly in Giresun region. Besides, it is analytical to reveal how much fresh and cooked plant samples are, if there is any difference in the analysis results. In this study, some of the Ornithogalum umbellatum collected from the nature of Giresun was cooked by boiling water. The cooked and fresh plant samples were shredded by hand and extracted with soxhlet in methanol. Subsequently, total phenolics were determined by Folin Ciocalteu method and total flavonoids were determined by aluminum nitrate method. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of gallic acid and quarcetin as standard in these two methods was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. Plant extracts were determined to contain a high rate of flavonoids and phenolic substance. In addition total phenolic and total flavonoid compounds in fresh and cooked plant extracts were observed differences. It was concluded that, temperature is the reason to been difference in sample result. The results are consistent with studies in the literature.

KEYWORDS Ornithogalum umbellatum, fenolic compound, flavonoid compounds, HPLC

Corresponding Author: ELİF APAYDIN, eliferenapaydin@gmail.com 1 GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1456

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1423

ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF CONYZA CANADENSIS L. AND RHODODENDRON PONTICUM L. 1

TUĞÇE ÖNBAŞ , SEDAT SEVIN , ÇAĞLAR MENGÜÇ , ENDER YARSAN

ABSTRACT The emergence of multi-drug resistance in human and animal pathogenic bacteria as well as undesirable side effects of certain antibiotics has gained attention in the search of new and natural antimicrobial drugs for controlling the infections. Based on the fact that, development of plant based antimicrobial drugs has great importance in pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of different extracts of Conyza canadensis(leaves)collected from Ankara (Türkiye) and Rhododendron ponticum L. (flowers) collected from Ordu (Türkiye) during the flowering period, were evaluated against clinical isolated microorganisms as well as food borne pathogens such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Enterococcus feacalis, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritis, Staphylococcus aureus. Dried powdered plant materials were extracted with different solvents (methanol, ethanol, chloroform, acetone and water) and further concentrated to dryness using a evaporator for comparative analysis. The antimicrobial tests were fist performed using agar-well diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the specific biofilm formation index (SBF) was then evaluated. Extracts of different solvents showed antibacterial activity against one or more test bacteria. However, activity against Gram positive bacteria was found more effective than Gram negative bacteria. Significant differences (p< 0.01) in the activity between the solvent and water extracts were evaluated. The extracts of organic solvents obtained from Rhododendron ponticum found to be more effective in the case of bacteria than against fungus. These differences in potency may be due to the different sensitivity of the test strains. Rhododendron ponticum caused the major reduction on SBF in dose-dependent manner. The results obtained in this study appeared to confirm the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of the plants investigated which can be an alternative to control strategies or can be used as a model to the search for new drugs. However, further pharmacological evaluation of refined extracts are needed before they can be used as therapeutic antimicrobials.

KEYWORDS Antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm activity, Conyza canadensis, Rhododendron ponticum

Corresponding Author: SEDAT SEVİN, sedatsevin59@gmail.com 1 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY 2 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXİCOLOGY 3 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PROTECTİON

1457

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1424

DETERMINATION OF MEDICAL ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT APPROACHES AND USAGE STATUS OF INDIVIDUALS 1

PINAR SÖKÜLMEZ KAYA , CANAN ASAL ULUS , BAHTINUR TAŞCI , TUBA ÖDÜBEK, TÜLAY BOZKURT, TOLGAHAN AYHAN

ABSTRACT Aim: This study was made for the purpose of evaulating information ,attitudes and behaviors of the patients admitted to Samsun’s 19 Mayıs University Hospital for the sake of alternative medical treatment. Methot: In this descriptive study, 150 individuals (108 women, 72%; 42 men, 28%) who voluntarily agreed to participate were included in the patients who applied to the Internal Medicine Clinics at Samsun Ondokuzmayıs University Hospital. The data were evaluated by the percentage and chi-square test in the SPSS 20.0 statistical program and P <0.005 was considered significant. Results: It was determined that 62.7% of the individuals used alternate medical treatment at least once. 30.7% of the individuals after their illness progressed; 24% after using the medicines recommended by the doctor, and 22.6% after the use of medicines; 22% reported that they also applied various herbal remedies without any complaints. According to their declarations, 55.4% reported benefiting from vegetable products, 34.5% had no effect and 10.1% had negative effects. While 23.3% of the individuals regarded the herbal products as harmless because they are natural, 1.7% stated that they think that the herbal products are harmful. The most known alternative non-medical treatment method was determined as 26.4% of herbal cures and the most used herbal product was ginger with 19.8%. This was followed by garlic with 18.1%, slimming tea with 14.9%, nettle with 10.9%, ginseng with 9.7%, echinacea with 6.6%, ginkgo with 5.7% and ginkgo with 4.9%. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of females compared to males (66.6% in females and 52.4% in males). Again, there was no significant difference between age and educational status and alternative treatment orientation (p> 0.05). The use of herbal products is 5% in cancer patients, 12% in diabetic patients, 14% in obese patients, 11% in gastric patients, 9% in inflammatory bowels, 16% in skin patients, 2% in urological patients, 11% in female patients, 8% In bile patients and in other diseases (colds, influenza ) 13%. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.04) between the use of herbal products and the presence of any complaints in the digestive system or liver; It was determined that as the use of plant product increased, the liver disease increased proportionally. Conclusion: It was a significant number of individuals used alternative treatment methods. In recent years , non-medical alternative treatments became increasingly commonly used .In this study, it has been seen that alternative treatment methods of a significant part of individuals are becoming increasingly accepted and widely used. For this reason, health workers should be prepared to discuss these methods with patients in order to minimize the risks and reduce the misconceptions and doubts of the patients. An environment in which individuals can obtain accurate information about alternative treatment methods should be established.

Corresponding Author: BAHTINUR TAŞCI, bahtinurtasci@hotmail.com 1 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1458

KEYWORDS Alternative medicine treatment, Herbal product

1459

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1425

NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF THE FRUITS OF LYCIUM BARBARUM ON ALZHEIMER DISEASE 1

DEMET ÖNEN , NILÜFER ACAR TEK , GAMZE AKBULUT

ABSTRACT Alzheimer's Disease(AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which involves the degeneration or death of the nerve cells(1). As the average lifespan increases, AD has already become the fourth leading cause of death in high-income countries(2). One of the main pathological hallmarks of this disease is the accumulation of the amyloid protein aggregates in the brain that leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, and cholinergic depletion and excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission are others(1). And AD highly related to environmental stress, experience of head trauma, daily diet and exercise, quality of sleep, and air pollution(2). Bioactive food components are physiologically active constituents in foods or dietary supplements derived from both animal and plant sources, including those needed to meet basic human nutrition needs, that have been demonstrated to have a role in health and to be safe for human consumption(3). Lyciıum barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) has long been considered to possess anti-apoptotic activities and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and fertilityenhancing properties in traditional medical practices in China(4). As a food, dried wolfberries are traditionally cooked before consumption, used as herbal tea, as well as in Chinese soups, or in combination with meat and vegetarian meals. Goji fruits are also used for the production of juice, wine and tincture(3). The chemical composition of goji berry includes monosaccharides(arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose), galacturonic acid and eighteen amino acids, carotenoids (zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, neoxanthin, cryptoxanthin), flavonoid(quercetin-3-Orutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acids), taurin, betaine, vitamins(thiamin, riboflavin, ascorbic acid) potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron and calcium(3). LBP, the most biologically active fraction of wolfberry, possesses significant antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects on multiple tissues(5). Dicaffeoylspermidine derivatives are beneficial bioactivity constituents responsible for the anti-AD and antioxidant effects of wolfberry. Antioxidant activities of these constituents could also contribute to antiaging, neuroprotective, and anti-AD effects of wolfberry(6). Some researchers have demonstrated that a fraction of polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum provided remarkable neuroprotective effects against beta-amyloid peptide-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons(7). Significantly more research is needed but recent studies suggest that lycium barbarum treatment can be useful for treating memory impairment induced by several neurodegenerative diseases such as alzheimer disease.

KEYWORDS lycium barbarum, Alzheimer Disease, neuroprotective

Corresponding Author: DEMET ÖNEN, demetonen@gmail.com 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

1460

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1426

USE OF DIFFERENT CUMIN DOSES TO IMPROVE THE CHEMICAL AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COATED AND FRIED CHICKEN MEAT 1

ELIF AYKIN DİNÇER , ATIKE NUR DURAK , ÖZLEM KILIÇ , ANDAÇ KOÇ , MUSTAFA ERBAŞ

ABSTRACT In this research, it was aimed to determine the effect of different cumin doses (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/100 g raw material) in the coating batter formula on quality characteristics of coated fried chicken meat. The titration acidity, pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant activity (TEAC and ORAC), cooking loss, dimension changes, color parameters (L*, a*, b*) and sensorial characteristics were determined in the samples. Titration acidity were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by the cumin dose and it decreased with the increase of cumin dose from 0% to 4%. The increasing addition of cumin was also efficient for reducing TBARS content and the lowest TBARS content was determined as 2.13 µmol MA/kg in the samples with 4% cumin. Moreover, the TEAC values of samples significantly increased from 11.07 to 45.02 μmol equivalent Trolox/ g dry matter, while the ORAC value of samples showed only descriptive increase with increasing doses of cumin from 0% to 4%. Furthermore, the samples with 4% cumin were significantly less yellow and darker (P < 0.05) (lower L* and a*) than the control group (with 0% cumin) which is thought to be sourced from increasing cumin dose. In conclusion, the use of 2% cumin in batter formula of coated fried chicken provides high quality with acceptable sensorial properties because of the highest sensorial points and is suitable to obtain healthy meat products.

KEYWORDS Coated meat, chicken, cumin, antioxidant

Corresponding Author: ELİF AYKIN DİNÇER, elifaykin@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1461

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1427

MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS USED IN MENOPAUSAL COMPLAINTS 1

YEŞIM ANIK , KAMILE ALTUNTUĞ , EMEL EGE

ABSTRACT Climacterium is a Greek word and means step of a ladder. This period is a transitional period, taking place between productivity period and old age, characterized with the symptoms revealing as a result of differentiating hormonal balance depending on morphological and functional changes in ovaries. The most important phenomenon in this transition period when various physiological, psychological and social changes come up is Menopause. Menopause is characterized with decrease in estrogen secretion, permanent end of menstruation and disappearance of fertility following loss of ovary functions depending on ageing of ovaries and atresia of follicles. Sudden decrease in production of estrogen in ovaries in menopause causes vasomotor hot flushes, cardiovascular and gastro-intestinal changes, cognitive and emotional instability, sleep disorders, changes on skin, urogenital atrophy and osteoporosis. Life quality, welfare and health perceptions of women may negatively be influenced due to hormonal originated psychological and physiological changes come up in this period. Hormone replacement therapy is used to prevent vasomotor symptoms arising in period of menopause and to prevent short and long term problems of menopause. However, the findings about the fact that hormone replacement therapy causes increase in the risk of breast cancer, cerebrovascular accident and cardiovascular disease have reduced use of hormone replacement therapy and directed women to use alternative treatment methods. The conclusions of the study show that ratio of alternative treatment usage directed on symptoms of menopause varies between 22% and 83%. Anise, basil, licorice, dill, parsley, red salvia, dandelion, daisy, Humulus Lupulus, Dong Quai and Hypericum Perforatum L. and suchlike medicinal and aromatic plants are among the natural estrogen resources having significant place in reducing menopausal complaint. It is detected that Humulus Lupulus reduces hot flushes and other menopause signs (sweating, insomnia, heart throb, nervousness) frequency. Moreover, it is specified that it provides decrease in vaginal dryness when used with E vitamin combination for urogenital atrophy. It is stated that Dong Quai which is a plant specific to China, has a supportive effect in menopausal complaints thanks to its efficiency in easing hot flushes and its moderate estrogenic and vasodilator effect. It is set forth that Hypericum Perforatum L. is effective in treatment of mild to moderate depression. At the same time, it is ascertained that it considerably provides decrease in the severity and incidence of psychological, psychosomatic and vasomotor symptoms for the women with pre and postmenopausal symptoms. In conclusion; being an important period of life, menopause affects every women in different severities and directs some to seek treatment. Several women prefer non-pharmacological treatment methods for menopause complaints because of concerns on side-effects of hormone replacement therapy. It is observed that medicinal and aromatic plants, efficiency of which is detected with evidence-based studies, are beneficial for healing menopausal complaints and increasing life quality. Improper and unconscious use of medicinal and aromatic plants may cause toxic effects. Clinicians need to pursue contemporary Corresponding Author: YEŞİM ANIK, yesimanik@windowslive.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

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studies with the purpose of ensuring safe use of these plants, need to be aware of the risks and provide training and consultancy services to the group to which treatment is planned.

KEYWORDS menopause, complaint, plant, aromatic

1463

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1428

THE HEALTH EFFECT OF THE CAROB 1

DEMET ÖNEN , NILÜFER ACAR TEK , GAMZE AKBULUT

ABSTRACT The Carob tree grows in many parts of the Mediterranean region. The fruit of carob production is nearly 14.000 ton/year and consumed in variously as raw fruit, pekmez or flour in Turkey(1). The chemical composition of the carob fruit changes vary by two major parts: the pulp(90%) and the seeds(10%) and depends on cultivar, origin and harvesting time. Carob pulp is rich in carbohydrate content (35-45%sucrose, 2-4%glucose, 6-7%fructose, 18%cellulose-hemicellulose), low protein(2-7%), lipid(0,5-1%) and lots of polyphenols, especially highly condensed tannins(proanthocyanidins), composed of flavan-3-ol groups and their galloyl esters, gallic acid, (+)catechin, (-)-epicatechingallate, (-)-epigallocatechingallate and quercetin glycosides(3). Raw carob pulp’s mineral composition is rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium, manganese, iron, copper and zinc(4). Carob’s nutritional and bioactive composition(dietary fiber, polyohenols, cyclitols) with trace elements that act as cofactors of antioxidant enzymes to protect the body from oxygen free radicals that are produced during oxidative stres have been linked with the health-promoting effects such as anti-hyperlipidemia anti-diabetes, anti-diarrheal and anticancer(5).Some studies have found that the concentrated polyphenols extract from carob have beneficial effect on serum lipids in humans who have hypercholesterolemia. Zunft et al. noted that in mean total cholesterol and 10.6% in LDL cholesterol(7). Ruiz-Roso et al. found that 4g twice a day carob fiber intake reduced the t after 4 weeks(8). Zavoral et al. determined that 30g/day consumption during 2 weeks reduction in cholesterol 17% and LDL-C 19% in familial hypercholesterolemic children(9). One study found that total cholesterol (CT), HDL-cholesterol levels significantly increased with the consumption of 20g/day a non-extractable-tannatesrich carob-fiber for 4 weeks in hypercholesterolemic patients(10). Carob bean has been used to treat diarrhoeal diseases in Anatolia since ancient times and standard oral rehydration solution provides effective rehydration but does not reduce the severity of diarrhoea so Akşit et al. tested the clinical antidiarrhoeal effects of carob bean juice(CBJ) and conclude that CBJ may have a role in the treatment of children's diarrhoea after it has been technologically processed(11). It has also been shown that the tannins in carob normalized defecation, body temperature, and weight and cessation of vomiting were reached more quickly by the infants who received 1.5g/kg/day a tannin-rich carob pod powder (40% tannins or 21.2% polyphenols and 26.4% dietary fiber)(12). The presence of low glycemic load, high fiber mainly high levels of insoluble fiber and D-pinitol in carob products could be responsible for the anti-diabetic effects as it regulates blood sugar level in patients with type II diabetes mellitus by increasing insulin sensitivity(5,13). Banuls et al. study supports that consumption of carob pod inositol-enriched beverage in prediabetic subjects produces a response that is dependent on BMI, with a clear improvement of insulin resistance and postprandial and nocturnal glycemia in non-obese subjects and a marked anti-inflammatory response in obeses(14). Rtibi et al. Corresponding Author: DEMET ÖNEN, demetonen@gmail.com 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

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found that carob pod aqueous extract inhibits intestinal glucose absorption, improves glucose tolerance and protects against alloxan-induced diabetes in rat(15). Carob is rich in phytochemical compounds(e.g. quercetin, gallic acid, theophylline etc.) that have antitumor, anti-proliferative and proapoptotic activity(5). Carob pod and leaf extracts contained antiproliferative agents could be of practical importance in the development of functional foods and/or chemopreventive drugs(16). Studies have shown that carob may have health benefits including protecting cancer, reducing cholesterol, regulating blood sugar level and treating diarrhea symptoms although more studies needed. The public should be informed and consumption of the raw carob fruit or manufactured products (e.g. carob pods can be used as a cocoa substitute or coffee cause of not containing caffeine and theobromine) should be supported.

KEYWORDS carob, health, antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemia

1465

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1429

ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MELLISSOPALYNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHESTNUT AND RHODODENDRON HONEYS IN TURKEY 1

NAZLI MAYDA , ASLI ÖZKÖK , KADRIYE SORKUN

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and Rhododendron (Rhododendron sp. L.) honey are produced generally in Black Sea Region in Turkey and both of them are the special honeys for their organic component content and known their high antioxidant capacity. Chestnut plant is one of the important nectar and pollen resources for honey bees. Chestnut honey with dark color and bitter taste, can stay in a liquid state for a long time because of its slow crystallization rate. Rhododendron honey, produced by honeybees from the nectars of Rhododendron genus (R. ponticum and R. luteum) flowers, which are belongs to Ericaceae family. This honey’s taste is bitter because of its slightly sharp taste and most of them contains toxins which are called grayanotoxins and they can be toxic when their consumption. So people use generally “Mad Honey” name for this honey due to subsequent consumption effects. On the other hand this honey is widely used in indigenous medicine. In the first step of this study we researched the melissopaynological differentiation of the chestnut and rhododendron honeys and then in the second step we determined the chemical and antioxidant capacity of the rhododendron, chestnut and mixed chestnut&rhododendron honeys characterization. Materials and Methods: Total 15 honey samples were collected from 5 different districts [Bartın (n=8); Kastamonu (n=1); Şile (n=1); Amasra (n=2); Düzce (n=3)] from Black Sea Region of Turkey. Melissopalynological analysis was done by microscope (Olympus CX41). Total phenolic and total flavanoid capacity were made via UV-Spectrophotometer (Genesys 10S UV-VIS Spectrophotometer). Chemical composition (Fructose&Glucose and HMF content) was determined by HPLC (Agilent 1200 Series) and GC-MS (Agilent 5973). Results and Discussion: After melissopalynological anaylsis were obtained 10 monofloral chestnut, 2 monofloral rhododendron and 3 mixed chestnut&rhododendron honeys. As a result of antioxidant capacity analysis, Total Phenolic contents was determined between 84.0271±0.0764 and 312.6152±0,1921 mgGAE/kg±SD; Total Flavanoid contents were determined between 9.6746±0.0244 and 42.6331±0.1732 mgQE/kg±SD. According to sugar analysis with HPLC, F/G rates were found between 0.9 and 1.71. GC-MS chemical substance analyses of honeys revealed aldehydes, aromatic acids, aromatic alcohols, flavanones, esters, aromatic amines and other chemical substances.

KEYWORDS Chestnut honey, rhododendron honey, mellissopalynological analysis, chemical analysis, antioxidant capacity

Corresponding Author: ASLI ÖZKÖK, asozkok@gmail.com 1 HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1466

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1434

CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF SALVIA CANDIDISSIMA VAHL. SSP. CANDIDISSIMA ON LUNG CANCER CELLS 1

İMREN ALİOĞLU , SERAP ÇELİKLER KASIMOĞULLARI , OĞUZHAN AKGÜN , AYŞEGÜL CEBİ , ENGIN ULUKAYA , 1 FERDA ARI

ABSTRACT Lung cancer is one of the cancer types that are common in the world today and have a high mortality rate. More than one million people die each year due to lung cancer. The survival time is 6070% (5 years) in the early stage and falls below 5% in the advanced stages. The search for new anticancer compounds is continuing, as there is still no satisfactory success in the treatment of lung cancer. Several plant-derived drugs are currently used in cancer therapy. In this study, the anticancer activity of the methanol and ethanol extracts of Salvia candidissima was investigated in human lung cancer cells (A549 and H1299). The effects of plant extracts on cell viability were determined by SRB viability test. The apoptotic effect in the cells was observed morphologically by fluorescence staining. The IC50 values of Salvia candidissima were calculated as 42.9 μg/ml in methanolic extract while in ethanol extract as 32.04 μg/ml in A549 cells. In the H1299 cells, the IC50 value of methanol extract was found as 182.2 μg/ml and ethanol extract as 195.8 μg/ml. As a results, it will be promising to investigate the potential of Salvia candidissima extracts to be used as anticancer agents in A549 human lung cancer cells

KEYWORDS Salvia candidissima vahl. ssp. candidissima, Sitotoksisite, Akciğer Kanseri

Corresponding Author: FERDA ARI, ferdaoz@uludag.edu.tr 1 ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ 3 İSTİNYE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOKİMYA ANABİLİM DALI

1467

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1435

DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF AUBRIETA EKIMII 1

BURCU ARIKAN , RABIYA MERVE CEYLAN , İBRAHIM SIRRI YÜZBAŞIOĞLU , NESLIHAN TURGUT KARA

ABSTRACT Aubrieta, a genus of the Brassicaceae family, is spreading from southern Europe to the Middle East to Asia. Introduced to the scientific world in 2015, Aubrieta ekimii is an endemic, ostentatious rock plant in the northwestern Anatolian region with a limited area spread. A. ekimii blooms between April and May and between the end of May and the month of July it gives fruit. The aim of the study is to determine the antioxidant activity and flavonoid content of methanol extract prepared from A. ekimii plant. Antioxidant activity was determined by the TAC Assay kit based on the reduction of copper. As a result, the total antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of A. ekimii plant was determined as 786.54 CRE (equivalent to μM copper reduction) and the total flavonoid amount was 20.11 ± 2.93 mg catechin equivalent / g sample (KE / g sample). With this recent study, antioxidant activity and flavonoid content of A. ekimii plant were determined for the first time.

KEYWORDS Aubrieta ekimii, antioxidant, flavonoid, phenolic

Corresponding Author: NESLİHAN TURGUT KARA, neslihantk@istanbul.edu.tr 1 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ/ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, MOLEKÜLER BİYOLOJİ VE GENETİK DOKTORA PROGRAMI 2 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ/ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, MOLEKÜLER BİYOLOJİ VE GENETİK YÜKSEK LİSANS PROGRAMI 3 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ/ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMASÖTİK BOTANİK ANABİLİM DALI 4 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ/ FEN FAKÜLTESİ, MOLEKÜLER BİYOLOJİ VE GENETİK BÖLÜMÜ

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1436

INVESTIGATION OF THE TOTAL PHENOLIC AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT OF DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OBTAINED FROM LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS MILL. STORAX, FRUIT AND LEAF 1

SÜMEYRA ÇETİNKAYA , EDA BÜKER , İLKNUR ÇINAR , H. GÜL DURSUN , İPEK SÜNTAR

ABSTRACT Liquidambar species (L. orientalis var. orientalis, L. orientalis var. integriloba ve L. orientalis var. suber) belong to the family of Hamamelidacea. Liquidambar orientalis tree is commonly known as ‘Sığla ağacı’ or ‘Gunluk ağacı’ in Turkey. L. orientalis is a herbaceous plant known to have medicinal and cosmetic properties and is widely used in phytotherapy in the Mediterranean region (Hafizoğlu 1982). The storax produced by injuring L. orientalis has antiseptic properties (Fernandez 2005). Also it is used as a topical parasiticide, expectorant and for the treatment of some skin diseases in Turkish folk medicine (Hafizoğlu 1982). Medical plants which are yielding valuable natural products are often used in the treatment of various disease (Skrovankova vd. 2012). Many constituents of medicinal plants are include large amounts of antioxidants such as phenolic compounds, ﬂavonoids, terpenes, tocopherols, and other endogenous metabolites (Zheng ve Wang 2001). In our study, we are investigated total phenolic and flavonoid contents of different fractions obtained from L. orientalis storax, fruid and leaf. Total phenolic content with Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and total flavonoid content with aluminium chloride method carried out. As a result, storax chloroform, fruid nhexane and storax methanol fraction have most high level of total phenolic content, respectively. Fruid n-hexane, storax chloroform and leaf n-hexane fraction have most high level of total flavonoid content, respectively. References 5. Hafizoglu H. Analytical studies on the balsam of Liquidambar orientalis Mill. by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Holzforschung. 1982;36:311–3. 6. Fernandez, X. (2005). Chemical composition of the essential oils from Turkish and Honduras Styrax. Flavour Fragrance J. 20: 70–73 7. Skrovankova, S.; Misurcova, L.; Machu, L. Antioxidant activity and protecting health effects of common medicinal plants. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 2012, 67, 75–139. 8. Zheng, W.; Wang, S.Y. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in selected herbs. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2001, 49, 5165–5170.

KEYWORDS L. orientalis, storax, fruit, total phenolic, total flavonoide

Corresponding Author: EDA BÜKER, eda_buker@yahoo.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ A.D., KONYA 2 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, ANALİTİK KİMYA A.D., ANKARA 3 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMAKOGNOZİ A.D. ANKARA

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1437

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST FOODBORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA 1

TE D

NAZAN TOKATLI DEMIROK , MEHMET ALPASLAN

ABSTRACT

Essential oils are well known volatile oily liquids. They have recently got scientific interest owing to their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral insecticidal and antioxidant properties. Gram- positive organisms are believed to be more resistant to essential oils than gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate antibacterial effectiveness of the four essential oil samples which are Black seed oil (Nigella sativa oil), peppermint oil (Mentha piperita oil), rosemary oil (Rosmarinus officinalis leaf oil), thyme oil (Thymus vulgaris). The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger type apparatus. The agar disc diffusion method was employed for the determination of antibacterial activity of the essential oils and a broth microdilution broth susceptibility assay was used, for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The essential oils were individually tested against five pathogenic microorgansms: two strains of gram-negative bacteria; Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076 and three strains of gram-positive bacteria; Listeria monocytogenes DSM12464, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299, containing 108 colony-forming units (CFU) ml-1of bacteria cells. Almost four oils showed remerkable antibacterial activity against test microorganism. Among the essential oils, Thymus vulgaris oil and Mentha piperita oil have significant antibacterial activity 38 and 34 mm zone against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Enteritidis and the lowest MIC value 2.25 mg/ml. These results suggest the potential of studied these essential oil inhibit microbial growth and they have potential preserving foods.

KEYWORDS

Essential oils, antibacterial properties

Corresponding Author: NAZAN TOKATLI DEMİROK, ntokatli@nku.edu.tr 1 NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1470

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1438

THE USE OF OAK ACORNS AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD IN FOOD INDUSTRY 1

HALUK ERGEZER , RAMAZAN GÖKÇE

ABSTRACT The oak is a kind of hardwood forest tree with 30-35 m heights. There are around 30 oak species in 18 of them are native to our country. The fruit of all of the oak is called "acorn". Acorns contains some compounds such as phenolics and tocopherols, as well as tannins as main components, which can be used in the production of functional foods which vary with the growing period. The acorn is a nutritious food for humans and animals with approximately 55% starch, 2.75-8.44% protein and 0.7-7.4% fat content. It has been reported that more than 53-65% the fatty acid profile of acorns were contained oleic and linoleic acid mixture. Phenolic compounds and tocopherols are the most important natural antioxidants of acorns. The main tocopherol of acorn was γ-tocopherol, forming almost 90% of the total tocopherol content. In addition, 32 different phenolic compounds were isolated from the acorns, and all of them were reported as ellagic and gallic acid derivatives. It has been determined that the antiradical scavenging activity values of the isolated phenolic materials were very high. In some Mediterranean countries, oak acorns are used to give flavor to dessert, ice cream and some liqueurs. In addition, in Algeria, Morocco and the United States, acorn oil is added to the oil mix to extend the shelf life of cooking oils. In Spain and Italy, roasted acorns are also used to give an astringent flavor to breads, cakes and coffee. There are some researches that acorns can be used as a substitute for synthetic antioxidants, especially in meat, due to high antioxidant capacity of acorns. As a matter of fact, pigs to be used for Iberian ham production which is specific to Spain have to be fed with oak acorns. It is known that the antioxidant compounds found in the acorn structure used for the pig fodder are transferred to the meat structure, thus preventing the product from being oxidized during the prolonged maturation period.

KEYWORDS Oak, Acorn, Functional food, Lipid oxidation

Corresponding Author: HALUK ERGEZER, hergezer@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ KINIKLI-DENİZLİ

1471

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1439

CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFECTIVE USAGE AREAS OF ROSEMARY 1

GÜLŞAH ÖZEL , ELIF FEYZA TOPDAS , MEMNUNE ŞENGÜL , HACER ÜNVER

ABSTRACT Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) is a small needle-tipped, leafy plant belonging to the Labiatae family. Flowers of rosemary which are white, light blue and blue blooms in spring and summer. Rosemary does not plow its leaves in winter and has a strong aroma resembling camphor or eucalyptus odor. It is one of the spices commonly used in European and North American countries due to its pleasant aroma resulting from its essential oil. Rosemary used as antioxidant or natural preservative in foods and it is also used in soap, room odor, deodorant, perfume and lotion. Its essential oils or extracts can be used in meat products, oil-containing foods and oils against oxidation and rancidity. Antioxidant properties of rosemary are due to carnosol, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid. It is reported that the antioxidant activity of carnosic asid is three times higher than carnasol and seven times higher than butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA). It is recommended that rosemary can be dried and used as an antioxidant source. But besides this usage areas of rosemary are limited because of intensive taste and odor which are felt even in very diluted extracts. This problem has been solved by some methods developed in recent years. Especially commercial rosemary preparations are produced in USA and Japan with colorless, tasteless and odorless but strong antioxidant effect.

KEYWORDS Rosmarinus officinalis, Rosemary, antioxidant activity

Corresponding Author: GÜLŞAH ÖZEL, ozellgulsah@gmail.com 1 ATATÜRK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE , DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1472

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1440

KOMBUCHA, THE FERMENTED TEA: ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS NAZAN TOKATLI DEMIROK

TE D

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Kombucha, is a traditional refreshing beverage that made actually from tea extract supplemented with sugar and fermented a powerful symbiosis of acetic bacteria and yeasts. The yeast cells and Acetic acid bacteria use sucrose and glucose and they produce ethanol and acetic acid. Both ethanol and acetic acid have antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. This metabolism also produces vitamins C, B1 B2, B3, B6, B12 and folic acid. The present study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of Kombucha, a fermented beverage of sugared black tea, [Kombucha was prepared in a tea broth (10% w/v) supplemented with sucrose (20% w/v)] against five pathogenic microorgansms: two strains of gram-negative bacteria; Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076 and three strains of gram-positive bacteria; Listeria monocytogenes DSM12464, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299. The agar disc diffusion method was employed for the determination of antibacterial activity of the Kombucha and a broth microdilution broth susceptibility assay was used, for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Almost Kombucha showed remerkable antibacterial activity against test microorganism although Kombucha, showed strong activity against Listeria monocytogenes DSM12464 which is the highest sensitivity with the largest inhibition zone (20 mm) and the lowest MIC value (6.25 mg/ml) These overall study results recommend that Kombucha can be used as a potent antibacterial agent.

Kombucha, antibacterial properties

Corresponding Author: NAZAN TOKATLI DEMİROK, ntokatli@nku.edu.tr 1 NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1473

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1441

TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF SUBMERGEDLY CULTIVATED MUCOR MYCELIA 1

TE D

BURCU ATLI

ABSTRACT

Mucor miehei is commonly used as a producer of aspartic protease and lipase enzymes in food industry. The aim of the present study was to determine the antioxidant potential of the water extract of submergedly cultivated Mucor mycelia. The Mucor miehei extract was evaluated for total phenolic content by Folin's Ciocaltue method and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) concentration by a redox titration using iodine. Total phenolic content of the Mucor miehei extract was found 546.32 mg/100 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The concentration of ascorbic acid which has antioxidant properties was 1.6 g/100 g. These results indicate that Mucor miehei extract can be considered as promising candidate for use in medicine and cosmetic industries.

KEYWORDS

Mucor miehei, mycelial extract, total phenolic content, ascorbic acid, antioxidant property

Corresponding Author: BURCU ATLI, burcuatli2006@gmail.com 1 ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1474

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1444

SOME PROPERTIES AND USAGE AREAS OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASILICUM) 1

MEMNUNE ŞENGÜL , ELIF FEYZA TOPDAS , NESLIHAN KAVAZ , GÜLŞAH ÖZEL

ABSTRACT Basil is known as Basilic by Frenchs and Basilicum by Germans. Also in international trade Basil, widely used with this name,is used in the ancient Greek with the name 'Basilicos' which means 'king'. Genus Ocimum contains single or perennial species which are belonging to the family of Lamiaceae. Basil spreads in tropical and temperate regions. In Turkey, it is mainly grown in Western and Sothern Anatolia. Spice or volatile oil of basil has various uses areas in food industy such as non alcoholic beverages, bakery products, candies, ice creams, vines and meat products. Also it's volatile oil which ranges from 0.3% to 1% used in perfumery. The amount of volatile oil and its composition varies with the species, climate, soil and harvest time. Aromatic compounds found in basil are 1,8 cineol, linalool, citral, methyl chavicol (estragol), eugenol and methyl cinnamate. Species grown in Africa generally contains camphor. It has been determined that the basil's most common phenolic substance is navadensin (5,7-dihydroxy-6,8,4'-trimethoxy flavone). This is followed by ladanein, pilosin, genkwanin, salvigenin, cirsiliol and apigenin. This plant which is rich in phenolic substances also has a strong antioxidant activity. So it can be use for impart functional properties to some foods. It has been shown in various scintific studies that basil exhibits antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris.

KEYWORDS Basil, Ocimum basilicum, antioxidant activity, phenolic

Corresponding Author: NESLİHAN KAVAZ, n.kavaz@hotmail.com 1 ATATÜRK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE , DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1475

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1445

BIODEGRADABLE AND EDIBLE FILM-FORMING PROPERTIES OF SALEP AS A NEW SOURCE 1

TE D

MÜGE HENDEK ERTOP , RABIA ATASOY

ABSTRACT

The plastic materials made from petroleum are widely used in many industry field because of their availability, resistance to oxygen, barrier to moisture and reasonable price. However, packaging materials made from petroleum are not biodegradable and edible. The edible biopolymers obtained from renewable plant resources are the best option to replace synthetic plastics. Edible films can be defined as a thin layer placed on or between food components or surface. Edible and biodegradable films can be used to reduce the migration of O2, CO2 and moisture. Therefore, they improves appearance and extend the shelf-life of food products. The utilization of edible and renewable sources from various plants for edible films has been a remarkable issue due to its economic and environmental impact of them. The ingredients used with this aim can be divided into three categories: synthetics, lipits and hydrocolloids such as proteins and polysaccharides. Hydrocolloids obtained from different resources are also the main sources of edible films. Salep is the roots or tubers of Orchidaceae species which is largely collected in Eastern Mediterranean countries included Turkey. The tubers of naturally grown orchids are dried and then ground to produce salep powder. Salep is commonly used as a traditional beverage and a stabilizer for ice cream. Because the glucomannan is the most important polysaccharide constituent in salep, it is thought to be that salep is very appropriate raw material for edible and biodegradable films. The film-forming properties of salep is very newly concept for food industry. Furthermore, there is very limited information about this issue. The main objective of this review study were to evaluate the edible film-forming properties of salep as a new source.

KEYWORDS

Salep, Orchidaceae, glucomannan, edible film, hydrocolloid

Corresponding Author: MÜGE HENDEK ERTOP, mugeertop@kastamonu.edu.tr 1 KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK VE MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1476

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1446

CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF RHODODENDRON PONTICUM L. EXTRACT ON RAT GLIOMA CELL LINE (F98) 1

EMINE KÜBRA BILIR , SEDAT SEVIN , HIDAYET TUTUN , ERAY ALÇIĞIR , ENDER YARSAN

ABSTRACT Aim: The genus Rhododendron used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation, pain, cold, asthma, skin and gastro-intestinal disease, is distributed widely around the world. Rhododendron ponticum L., contains graytonotoxins with diterpene qualities. Increased incidence of cancer, treatment is costly and create serious side effects applied to people, it becomes necessary to investigate a scientific alternative treatment and supportive way. The aim of the study was to investigate in vitro cytotoxic effects of Rhododendron ponticum L. extract whose known amount of grayanotoxin I and III on common glioma tumors in rat rat glioma cell line (F98). Methods: During the flowering period of common rhododendrons gathered from the Altinordu District of Ordu and dried under suitable conditions, extracted with distilled water and lyophilized. The content analysis of the common rhododendrons was carried out by the Chromatographic Method at Marmara Research Center Food Institute of the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey. In our study, cytotoxic activity of different concentrations of the extract of Rhododendron ponticum L.; through mitochondrial (MTT) and lysosomal (Neutral Red) was evaluated in common glioma tumors using rat glioma cell line (F98). Results: It was determined that the Rhododendron ponticum L. extract with grayanotoxin I amount of 55.75 μg / kg and grayanotoxin III amount of 7.4 μg / kg; had a dosedependent cytotoxic effect. IC50 were found as MTT 122,8 and by Neutral red 79,61µg/ml, repectively. Conclusion: Cytotoxicity in glioma indicate that Rhododendron ponticum L. is expected to be a potential anticarsinogentic activity. Our research on Rhododendron ponticum L. continues on other cancer cell lines with cytotoxicity tests

KEYWORDS Cancer cell line, Cytotoxic effect, Grayanotoxin, Rhododendron ponticum L.

Corresponding Author: SEDAT SEVİN, sedatsevin59@gmail.com 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ FARMAKOLOJİ VE TOKSİKOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI 2 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, FARMAKOLOJİ VE TOKSİKOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI 3 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, PATOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI

1477

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1447

MARINATION TECHNOLOGY IN SEAFOOD, SOME AROMATIC PLANTS USED AND IMPACT MECHANISMS 1

MEHTAP BAYKAL , AYGÜL KÜÇÜKGÜLMEZ YANDIM , HÜLYA SAYĞI , MEHMET ÇELİK

ABSTRACT Marination is the application of fresh, frozen, salted fish or fish parts by treating them with acetic acid or other organic acids and salt without heat effect. In addition to the development of new products with the improvements in food processing methods, it is also aimed to extend the durability of the products obtained and to protect the qualities. Through the marination, food products that are abundant in certain periods are provided for human consumption even during periods when they are less frequent. These products can be served to consumers with flavors such as sauce, cream, mayonnaise, oil, as well as various spices and herbs. In the marination technology, it is widely used such as bay laurel, dill, estergon, mustard seeds, whole cloves, black pepper, red pepper, allspice, cumin, ginger, rosemary, thyme, basil, tarhun and capari. The acid taste of marinades is softened with herbs and spices and thus a balanced taste is being tried to be formed. The herbs used in the marinating process are used to the products not only to add taste, flavor and aroma but also to minimize the negative odors that may occur. Spices and herbs used have protective effect or minimized lipid oxidation. Spices also mask color and smell rather than inhibition of deterioration. In some studies it has been found that these herbs stabilize the quality of the product and prevent the development of harmful bacteria. It is also necessary to pay attention to the qualities of the spices added to the solution, because at this stage some bacterial and proteolytic enzymes in the solution are still effective. Depending on the storage temperature, it can cause bad odor development, color loss, softening. In this review emphasizes the importance of various herbs that enhance taste and endurance in marination technology.

KEYWORDS Marination, seafood, aromatic plants, herbs, spice

Corresponding Author: MEHTAP BAYKAL, mbaykal@cu.edu.tr 1 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ YUMURTALIK MESLEK YÜKSEK OKULU TURİZM VE OTEL İŞLETMECİLİĞİ, LOKANTA VE İKRAM HİZMETLERİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ İŞLEME TEKNOLOJİSİ 3 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ YUMURTALIK MESLEK YÜKSEK OKULU BİTKİSEL VE HAYVANSAL ÜRETİM

1478

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1448

EFFECTS OF ETHEPHON TREATMENT AS SOIL DRENCH ON PLANT HEIGHT AND QUANTITATIVE PROPERTIES OF NATIVE NARCISSUS GROWN IN POTS 1

SEVIM DEMİR , FISUN GÜRSEL ÇELİKEL

ABSTRACT In this study, the effects of ethephon treatment as soil drench on plant height, quantitative and other properties of native narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L.) grown in pots were investigated. When plants were 7-10 cm tall, ethephon at 0, 250 and 500 ppm were applied as soil drenches. The effects of ethephon treatment on plant length, leaf length, the time of flowering, number of flower and the flower life were determined. In addition, quantitative measurements (leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf weight ratio and stem weight ratio) were analyzed in native narcissus. When narcissus were grown in pots in the greenhouse reached to the sale stage plants were taken to the laboratory at 20 °C to evaluate the postproduction life and quality of pot plants. The shortest plant height was obtained from the 500 ppm ethephon treatment, plant height was 7.67 cm with %51 shorter than untreated control. Ethephon application also shortened the leaf length up to %20. The shortest leaf lenght (14.55 cm) was obtained from 500 ppm ethephon treatment. The ethephon treatment decreased leaf area ratio and specific leaf area, but increased the leaf thickness and leaf weight ratio compared to the control plants. The effects of treatments on plant height continued in laboratuary (home-office) conditions after production. The shortest plant height (12.62 cm) was obtained from 500 ppm ethephon treatment whereas the height of untreated control plants were 24.25 cm during the post production life of pot plants.

KEYWORDS Narcissus, plant height, soil drench, ethephon, quantitative measurements

Corresponding Author: SEVİM DEMİR, dmrsevm@gmail.com 1 ONDOKUZ MAYİS UNİVERSİTY, AGRİCULTURAL FACULTY, DEPT. HORTİCULTURE, ATAKUM, SAMSUN

1479

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1449

INVESTIGATION OF THE TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF SOME FRACTIONS OBTAINED FROM ROOT AND STEM OF RHEUM RIBES (LIGHTED) 1

ILKNUR ÇINAR , EDA BÜKER , SÜMEYRA ÇETINKAYA , HATICE GÜL DURSUN , İPEK SÜNTAR

ABSTRACT In order to struggle metabolic diseases and cancer cases, it is becoming necessary to use complementary medicines, phytotherapotics and appropriate food supplements besides dietary and lifestyle intervention. The incorporation of phytochemical complex mixtures of different chemical structures, such as phenolic acids, polyphenols, flavanoids and terpenoids, often has the advantage of targeting a number of molecular pathways involved in the pathobiology of complex diseases, with a significant reduction in toxic side effects. Rheum Ribes belongs to the family Polygonaceae, which is called as "lively, fluffy or fuzzy" among the people, especially in the subtropical and temperate regions of the world, especially in the east of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon to Afghanistan and Pakistan, Is a plant species that spreads between slopes. R. Ribes (juvenile shoots and leaf stalks) are commonly used against diarrhea, stomach aches and nausea, as well as measles, flowers, hemorrhoids and bile removers. It is thought that strong active compounds possessed by this plant are based on all these properties. The total flavonoid content of root methanol, root ethylacetate, root hexane and stem methanol, stem ethylacetate, stem hexane fractions of Rheum ribes were studied by aluminum chloride colorimetric method. According to the results obtained, the highest values were found in the hexane fraction of stem, methanol, ethylacetate, trunk hexane fractions, and root ethylacetate fractions in root methanol, root ethylacetate and root hexane fractions. Total phenolic content was determined by FolinCiocolteu method. According to these test results, the highest value was found in the fraction of methanol, stem ethylacetate, trunk hexane fractions, fraction of ethylacetate, fraction of methanol, radical ethylacetate, and fraction of radical hexane fractions

KEYWORDS Rheum ribes, total phenolic, total flavonoide

Corresponding Author: İLKNUR ÇINAR, ilknurcinar@msn.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ A.D., KONYA 2 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, ANALİTİK KİMYA A.D., ANKARA 3 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMAKOGNOZİ A.D. ANKARA

1480

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1450

NEMATICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS DERIVED FROM APIACEAE FAMILY AGAINST ROOT LESION NEMATODE, PRATYLENCHUS THORNEI 1

BEKIR TOSUN , ARIF ŞANLI , FATMA GÜL GÖZE ÖZDEMİR , HAMIDE BAKIRKAYA

ABSTRACT Pratylenchus spp. is a plant pathogenetic nematode which is migratory endoparasites that feed and reproduce in the root and move around, responsible for root lesion disease on many host plants in temperate regions around the world. Fruit essential oils of Heracleum platytaenium Baiss, Hippomarathum microcorpum (Bieb.) Fedtsch., Ferulago cassia Boiss and Chareophyllum byzantinum Boiss belonging to Apiaceae family of Turkey flora in Isparta, were screened for their in vitro nematicidal activity against the Root Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus thornei. The essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation and investigated by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 37, 42, 38, 47 components of the H. platytaenium, H. microcorpum, F. cassia and C. byzantinum essential oils were identified, respectively. High nematicidal activity was achieved with essential oils from F. cassia and C. byzantinum which caused 93.46% and 90.93% mortality. H. microcorpum was found to be more effective than H. platytaenium. The dominant components of the effective oils were chrysanthenyl acetate (17.4%), mesitaldehyde (5.8%), limonene (15.3%) and αpinene (13.6%) in F. cassia, Methylebenzoate (44.9%), l-Limonene (38.4%) in C. byzantinum, beta.Myrcene (21.9%), cis-Ocimene (17.8%), beta.-Phellandrene (12.0%), bicyclogermacrene (8.2%) in H. microcorpum and 2-ethylhexyl acetate (41.4%) and E4-dodecenylacetate (17.0%), octilin (7.7%) in H. platytaenium. Nematicidal activity of the essential oils investigated in the research against P. thornei is reported for the first time. The essential oils and their main components described here in merit further study as potential nematicides against the Root Lesion Nematode.

KEYWORDS Pratylenchus thornei, essential oil, nematicidal activity, Apiaceae

Corresponding Author: BEKİR TOSUN, zymbekirtosun@gmail.com 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, FİELD CROPS DEPARTMENT 2 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, PLANT PROTECTİON DEPARTMENT

1481

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1451

USAGE OF COLORANT PLANTS IN KONYA'S FELTMAKER ART 1

ÇETIN ÖZTÜRK , SALIH GIRGIÇ

ABSTRACT Due to its climate and geographical position, the fact that the livestock breeding has been carried out in Konya plain for centuries has enabled the development of carpets and plain weaving. The fact that Konya is a very rich region in terms of colorant plants and insects is also an important influence on the formation of these arts. The first raw materials of natural colorant are some stone, soil and mining varieties and some molluscs and insect varieties with staining properties. However, awareness of color diversity in plants has led to the use of whole or a part of the plant in dyeing. Hundreds of different varieties of colors and shades of different colors have been used in carpet art, Felt art, Ceramic art and many other cultures. The colors of the plant, which are obtained by using different regions and applying different methods, have been preserved as a secret and the generations are transferred with great confidentiality. In this study, the use of plant dyes and coloring methods in Konya Felt art were investigated.

KEYWORDS Felt, Wool, Konya, Colorant Plants

Corresponding Author: ÇETİN ÖZTÜRK, cetinozturk2001@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1482

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1452

EVALUATION IN TERMS OF HABITAT FEATURES OF SOME TRUFFLE SPECIES : CASE OF ÇAKILLI, VIZE 1

HÜSEYIN KABA , HÜSEYIN HILESIZ

ABSTRACT Truffle exploration activities is done in collaboration of Marmara Forestry Research Institıte and İstanbul Regional Directorate in terms of «General Directorate of Forest Truffle Action Plan 2014-2018" and “Projectless Works“. It is protected founding in the truffle as without dogs and with trained dogs at Çakıllı town, Vize Subdistrict Directorate, Vize Forest District Directorate in terms of Action Plan. Natural Truffles is usually found at altitudes about 250 m, at age of development of ‘’bc’’, inside mixed stands of Cedar (Cedrus libani A.Richard), Oak (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl and Quercus robur L.), Black pine (Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold) and Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), at Çakıllı town. According to soil analysis result in plot at points natural truffle, it is found pH 6,00-7.85 ; EC (µS/cm) 295-769 ; CaCO3 % 0,22-33,44 ; N % 0,14-1,96 ; C % 7,73-19,03. Tuber aestivum Vittad. was detected in July of 2015 and in Çakıllı town. Species of Tuber burumale Vittad. and Tuber borchii Vittad. were found at the beginning of February and March of 2017 in the forest of Çakıllı town.

KEYWORDS Truffle, Habitat, Çakıllı town, Vize

Corresponding Author: HÜSEYİN KABA, huseyinkaba@ogm.gov.tr 1 MARMARA ORMANCILIK ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ, İSTANBUL 2 ORMAN BÖLGE MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, İSTANBUL

1483

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1453

COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF ONOSMA MALATYANA BINZET FROM TURKEY 1

GÜN BİNZET , RIZA BİNZET , ERSAN TURUNC , AYLIN DOGEN , HAKAN ARSLAN

ABSTRACT Onosma malatyana Binzet is an endemic species growing in Turkey. This work aimed to investigate to chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Onosma malatyana Binzet roots and their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 10353), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25853), Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) and Candida glabrata (ATCC 4322). The essential oils from roots were obtained two different methods, which are hydrodistillation and Soxhlet extraction. Soxhlet extraction was carried out in three solvents with different polarities such as petroleum ether, methanol and ethyl acetate. The essential oils and volatile components of roots were identified by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system. We used the Kovats indices, mass spectra and standard compounds to determination of essential oils. The major constituents were: for hydrodistillation, abietatriene (16.97%), manool (15.44%), (Z,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienyl acetate (12.42%), geranyl acetone (9.06%); for Soxhlet extraction in petroleum ether, 2-isopropyl-1H-permidine (21.26%), eicosanal (11.84%), sertindole (8.32%); for Soxhlet extraction in methanol, isopimpinellin (15.91%), methyl dihydromalvalate (12.00%), butanoic acid (8.87%), palmitin,2-mono- (8.00%), 2-propylfuran (7.63%); and for Soxhlet extraction in ethyl acetate, xanthatin (15.28%); manool (12.60%). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using modification microdilution methods. According to the antimicrobial results, all extracts were more susceptible to Candida albicans. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by the Research Fund of Mersin University in Turkey with Project Number: 2015-AP3-1199.

KEYWORDS Onosma, Essential oil, Soxhlet extraction, hydrodistillation extraction, Antimicrobial activity.

Corresponding Author: GÜN BİNZET, polatgun@gmail.com 1 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCİENCE EDUCATİON, FACULTY OF EDUCATİON, MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, 33160, MERSİN, TURKEY 2 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCES AND ARTS FACULTİES, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, 33343, MERSİN 3 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND TECHNOLOGY APPLİED AND RESEARCH CENTER, MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, 33343, MERSİN, TURKEY 4 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY, FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTİCAL MİCROBİOLOGY, MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, 33160, MERSİN, TURKEY 5 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMİSTRY, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCİENCE, MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, 33343, MERSİN, TURKEY

1484

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1454

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECIENCY OF NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS IN DOGS FOOD 1

FATMA İNAL , MUSTAFA SELÇUK ALATAŞ , OĞUZHAN KAHRAMAN , ABDULLAH ÖZBİLGİN , MUSTAFA 2 3 ULUDAĞ , ŞEREF İNAL

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of natural antioxidant substances in dog food. Food was prepared in extruded form, balanced with vitamins and minerals containing poultry meal, rice, barley, corn, vegetable and animal fat. On the dry matter basis, 25% crude protein, 8% ether extract, 3% crude fiber and 6% ash were found in food. Seven antioxidants were added food with oil. 10mg/kg BHA was used as control. Vitamin C(E300), vitamin E(E306) and citric acid(E330) 20mg/kg, rosemary essential oil 1.5g/kg, Meat Plus (YUMESA; black cumin, allspice, fennel, thyme, ginger, cumin, salt) and mixture of special spices (Bilyem; sumac, garlic, cumin, red pepper, etc.) 0.5g/kg. Each group food was divided into 12 pieces and placed in airtight bags. Half of the foods were kept in refrigerator and other half was kept in closet, which was’nt exposed to light at room temperature. At 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th months of incubation period, a part of each antioxidant group that were kept at room temperature and in refrigerator, was ground. TBA and peroxide value analyzes were performed as 2 replicates. It was concluded that TBA and peroxide value analyzes in determining oxidation level in food were parallel and foods kept in refrigerator less oxidized. It was observed that oxidation levels were similar in foods kept in refrigerator during 1st and 2nd months, and the oxidation level gradually increased in groups added with rosemary essential oil, vitamin C and Vitamin E after 3 months. It was determined that the oxidation levels of rosemary essential oil, Vitamin C and Vitamin E added groups which were kept in room temperature were very high compared to others from 1th until 6th month. From third month on, oxidation levels in BHA and citric acid groups increased. It was determined that addition of 2 herbal mixtures was able to maintain oxidation level at low level for 6 months at room temperature(P<0.01). As a result, it was concluded that YUMESA and Bilyem herbal mixtures can be successfully used as antioxidants in dog food

KEYWORDS Dog food, antioxidant, herbal mixture, oxidation

Corresponding Author: FATMA İNAL, fatmaaksakalinal@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, HAYVAN BESLEME VE BESLENME HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI, KONYA 2 BİLYEM GIDA SAN. TİC. LTD. ŞTİ., ANKARA 3 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, ZOOTEKNİ ANABİLİM DALI, KONYA

1485

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1456

APPLICATIONS OF PRIVATE FORESTRY IN TURKEY AND USAGE POSSIBILITIES OF NON-WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS IN THIS CONTEXT 1

HAMIDE GÜBBÜK , SADETTIN GÜLER , RECEP BALKIÇ

ABSTRACT Forests covers 27% of the surface area of Turkey and almost all of them are owned by state. Only < 0.1% of all forest areas (about 18 000 ha) were owned by privately. This is mainly due to different geographical and ecological characteristics of forests and approximately 7.6 million villagers whose life dependency to forest products. This dependency complicates direct privatisation of forest areas and transition to private forestry. On the other hand, there are some applications that can be considered in Forestry Privatization. These applications are forests owned by private or legal persons, Private Afforestation Areas, Forests Recreation areas, Forest areas suitable for utilization of natural Non-wood Forest Products (NWFP) and urban forests can be accepted among these applications. Natural forest areas that are rich in NWFP and privatization of forests established via private and industrial afforestation may support the transition to private forestry. Within this concepts, in addition to the rapid growing species such as poplar, alder, and eucalyptus, walnut, chestnut, pistachio, almond, spruce, terebinth, carob and olive are also used as NWFP. These circumstances have continued to increase in recent years. In this review study, the current status of Turkey's forests, changes in the understanding of private forestry from past to present and recent applications on private afforestation have been investigated and comments and suggestions on the process to private afforestation have been made.

KEYWORDS Private Forestry, Private Afforestation, Non-wood Forest Products, The areas of utilization from NWFP, Recreation areas, Urban Forests

Corresponding Author: HAMİDE GÜBBÜK, gubbuk@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ / ANTALYA 2 ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ BATI AKDENİZ ORMANCILIK ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ / ANTALYA

1486

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1457

ANTIOXIDANT AND PHENOLIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR DRIED GINGERS (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE): EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND PRE-TREATMENT. 1

AYSUN YURDUNUSEVEN YILDIZ , SAMI GÖKHAN ÖZKAL , ÖZLEM ZAMBAK

ABSTRACT Antioxidant and Phenolic Characteristics of air Dried Gingers (Zingiber officinale): Effect of Ultrasound Pre-treatment. Aysun YURDUNUSEVEN YILDIZ, Sami Gökhan ÖZKAL, Özlem ZAMBAK* Pamukkale University, Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Denizli, Turkey *Presenting Author: Ö. ZAMBAK (ozambak@pau.edu.tr) Abstract The objective of this study was to discover the effect of Ultrasound (US) pre-treatment application before drying on antioxidant and phenolic characteristics of ginger (Zingiber officinale). For this purpose, ultrasonic probe with 20 kHz frequency was used. Before US application, ginger samples were cut into size of 1 cm x 1 cm x 0,5 cm. Ultrasound pre-treatment was carried out in distilled water with 100 % amplitude during 5, 10 and 20 minutes. The ratio of sample to water was 1:4 (w/v). After ultrasonic pre-treatment ginger samples were placed in drying oven trays. Drying experiments were carried out in hot air drying oven. Drying was performed at 0.3 m/s air velocity and at 60°C drying temperature. For determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds, ginger samples were collected at every 10 min during the drying period and the collected samples were stored at -18ºC until being used in the analyses. For the extraction of phenolics, 1 g of ginger samples was mixed with 10 mL of aqueous methanol. The ratio of water to methanol was 50:50 (v/v). The mixture was sonicated for 10 min in an ultrasonic bath, followed by mechanical shaking for 15 min at room temperature. After the centrifugation of the mixture at 9000 rpm at 4 °C for 15 min, supernatants were collected into amber vials. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of these extracts were performed. Total phenolic contents of ginger extracts were determined with the Folin- Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as a standard. Results were expressed as milligrams of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram of dried ginger weight. 2,2Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity of ginger extracts. Results were expressed in mmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g dried ginger weight. Antioxidant capacity of the ultrasound pre-treated samples was found higher than the untreated samples in the first 40 minutes of the drying. After that time antioxidant capacity of ultrasound pre-treated samples was found lower than the untreated samples. Generally antioxidant capacity of the all samples was decreased during drying, but antioxidant capacity of the ultrasound pre-treated samples was decreased fast in compared to untreated sample.It is thought that the ultrasound pretreatment breaks down the cells and allows the antioxidant substances to be released from the cells. So antioxidant capacity of ultrasound pre-treated samples was high in first minutes of drying, but antioxidant substances released are considered to be tending to oxidation and may have been oxidized during the drying, therefore the antioxidant capacity of the ultrasound pre-treated samples decreased fast. On the other hand phenolic compounds of US pre-treated ginger samples were found less than the untreated samples. The Corresponding Author: ÖZLEM ZAMBAK, ozambak@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1487

deformation of the cell structure by the application of ultrasound resulted in the phenolic components released and degraded more rapidly by the effect of heat.

KEYWORDS Ultrasound, Drying, Ginger, Antioxidant Capacity, Phenolic Compounds

1488

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1459

MODELLING OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHANGE IN SOME HERBAL TEA BAG DURING THE BREWING 1

TE D

ENGIN DEMIRAY , HALIL İBRAHIM KAYA , ELIF TAŞDELEN , TÜLIN YILMAZ

ABSTRACT

In this study, Sage, linden and chamomile herbal tea bags purchased from national markets were used. The herbal tea bags are first placed in cups and freshly boiled hot water is added. Brewing time for herbal tea bags was determined as 10 minutes and samples were taken for kinetic studies at specific times (1.min, 3.min, 5.min, 7.min and 10.min). Well diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial activity. Micrococcus luteus was used as the indicator bacteria. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the change of antimicrobial activity was first kinetic model.

KEYWORDS

Herbal Tea Bag, Antimicrobial, Kinetic, Modelling.

Corresponding Author: ENGİN DEMİRAY, edemiray@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY

1489

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1460

EFFECTS OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH IN DRY BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) 1

MUHARREM KAYA , RUZIYE KARAMAN , EBRU DİNLER , AYKUT ŞENER , NAZMI ÇELİK

ABSTRACT This study was carried out field experiments in SDU Agricultural Research and Application Center and germination experimentals in laboratories of Field Crops Department in 2016/2017. The aim of study is to determinethe effects of some essential oils on the germination and some seedling growth characteristics in dry bean varieties. It was carried out field experiments according to completely randomized blocks design split plot; laboratory experiments according to completely randomized plots split plot design with 3 repetitions. It was used Şeker, Sarıkız and Burgan of bean varieties as seed material; commercial essential oil preparations derived from fennel, garlic and thyme plants as essential oils in the study. When the aphids were started to show on plants in the field experiments, the solutions prepared with origanum (Origanum onites) (3 ppm), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) (10 ppm) and garlic (Allium sativum) (10 ppm) were sprayed to the green plants. Also, insecticide containing Deltamethrin (at 50 ml / da dose) was used as a chemical control. In the laboratory experiments, germination tests were carried out seeds of the bean varieties with the solutions containing the thyme (0, 1, 2 and 3 ppm), fennel and garlic (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ppm) essential oils. The germination rate, mean germination times, seedling and root lengths and seedling and root weights were examined in seeds obtained from field experiments (only pure water was applied) and laboratory tests. While the application of thyme oil in seeds obtained from field experiments is negative in relation to germination and seedling growth characteristics in Sarıkız and Şeker varieties; it effects the positive in the Burgan variety. It is determined that garlic and fennel oils howed a positive increase in the germination and seedling growth characteristics of the varieties except Sarıkız variety. In laboratory tests, doses of 1 and 2 ppm of thyme oil and doses of 2, 4 and 6 ppm of garlic oil were found having positive effects on the examined properties in all bean varieties. All doses of fennel oil caused reduced on germination and seedling growth.

KEYWORDS Bean, Essential Oils Germination, Seedling Growth

Corresponding Author: MUHARREM KAYA, muharremkaya@sdu.edu.tr 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİV. ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ

1490

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1461

EFFECTS OF PLANTING TIMES ON SURVIVAL RATE AND PLANT DEVELOPMENT OF CAROB (CERATONIA SILIQUA L.) SEEDLINGS IN MARGINAL AREAS 1

RECEP BALKIÇ , SADETTIN GÜLER , HAMIDE GÜBBÜK

ABSTRACT There are no reports and apparently studies on planting times of carob plants for non-irrigated marginal lands in the world. Therefore, in this research, the effects of planting times on survival rate and performances in terms of growth of stem diameter and plant height in field conditions were examined. The study was conducted in marginal land located in Antalya-Hurma region and observations were carried on between 2014 and 2016. One year old carob seedlings propagated from wild locust seeds were used in this study. Seedlings were planted in two different months, December and January and no irrigation were made throughout the research including time of planting. Planted seedlings were taken into plastic shelters for protection from hot summer droughts in June. Measurements for plant diameter (mm) and height (cm) were made at planting and thereafter with 3 months periods. Plant survival rate of plant were determined in October 2016. There was no planting time effect determined on survival rate of seedlings statistically. Although it was not statistically significant, the survival rate was higher in December planted seedlings compared to that found in January planted ones. Similarly, plant diameter and height values were higher in December planted ones as well.

KEYWORDS Carob, Ceratonia siliqua, Seedling survival rate, Seedling development, Marginal areas

Corresponding Author: RECEP BALKIÇ, recepbalkic@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ / ANTALYA 2 ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ BATI AKDENİZ ORMANCILIK ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ / ANTALYA

1491

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1462

NEW EXTRACTION METHODS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANT EXTRACTS 1

ÖZLEM ZAMBAK , SAMI GÖKHAN ÖZKAL

ABSTRACT New Extraction Methods Used in the Production of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts Özlem ZAMBAK, Sami Gökhan ÖZKAL* Pamukkale University, Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Denizli, Turkey *Presenting Author: S.G. ÖZKAL (sgozkal@pau.edu.tr) Medicinal and aromatic plants have become very important in recent years and our country has an important place in terms of medicinal and aromatic plants. These plants are used in many sectors such as; pharmacology, medical science and food science due to their benefits. Extracts of these plants can be obtained by various methods and these extracts can be used in many sectors. Extraction process is applied in different forms according to the final product to be obtained from these plants. In generally extracts is obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants by passing a solvent through the solid raw material. In these methods, solvent penetrates into the plant material during extraction to dissolve the components having similar polarity. The main factors affecting the quality of extracts are; part of the plant used, solvent used and extraction method. When these factors are correctly selected, the yield of extraction increases. In recent years some researches has been carried out on new extraction methods to increase extraction efficiency. Supercritical and subcritical fluid extraction, Microwave assisted extraction, Ultrasonic extraction, Pressurized liquid extraction, Solid-phase extraction methods are some of these new extraction methods. In this study these new extraction methods used in the production of medicinal and aromatic plant extracts were discussed.

KEYWORDS Medicial plants, Aromatic plants, Exraction

Corresponding Author: SAMİ GÖKHAN ÖZKAL, sgozkal@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, ENGİNEERİNG FACULTY, FOOD ENGİNEERİNG DEPARTMENT

1492

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1463

THE USAGE OF PLANT EXTRACTS AS ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT IN MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS 1

SAMI GÖKHAN ÖZKAL , HALUK ERGEZER , ÖZLEM ZAMBAK

ABSTRACT The Usage of Plant Extracts as Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent in Meat and Meat Products Sami Gökhan ÖZKAL, Haluk ERGEZER, Özlem ZAMBAK* Pamukkale University, Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Denizli, Turkey *Presenting Author: Ö. ZAMBAK (ozambak@pau.edu.tr) Lipid oxidation and microbial spoilage are the are the main factors that determine food quality loss and shelf-life reduction. The growth of microorganisms in meat products may cause spoilage or foodborne diseases. On the other hand lipid oxidation leads to loss of flavor, texture and color of meat products. Although synthetic additives have been widely used in the meat industry to inhibit both, the process of lipid oxidation and microbial growth, the trend is to decrease their use because of the growing concern among consumers about such chemical additives. In recent years different strategies have been developed in order to improve the quality of meat and meat products so the formulations of meat products are modified by different methods. One of these methods is the addition of natural plant extracts to the product. In that way lipid oxidation can be delayed and microbial safety can be provided. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of researches on natural additives. It is reported that in many cited literature tea, green tea, rosemary, artichoke, sage, onion, citrus bark, pomegranate, carob, white grape etc. extracts are used as antioxidant or antimicrobial agents in meat and meat products. The use of natural additives as antioxidants and antimicrobials will be beneficial in terms of improving quality of meat and meat based products. In this study plant extracts used as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent and their effects on the quality of meat and meat products are discussed.

KEYWORDS Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Plant extracts, Meat

Corresponding Author: ÖZLEM ZAMBAK, ozambak@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1493

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1465

PANAX GINSENG: PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 1

BURAK CEM SONER , MEHMET MESUT PIŞKIN , MEVRA AL , AYŞE SAIDE ŞAHIN

ABSTRACT Ginseng is one of the most popular herbal products used for thousands of years. Many species and varieties of ginseng are used. Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are two of the best-known species in the world. Both contain different groups of the steroidal saponins called ginsenosides or panaxosides, as the major component. However, Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim.) that is also marketed as ginseng is a completely different plant of the Araliaceae family and its constituents are chemically different. Ginseng is used to enhance the body’s resistance to stress and to improve mental and physical performance. It has also been used for diabetes, insomnia, sexual inadequacy, for degenerative conditions associated with ageing, to improve healing and as a stimulant. In vitro studies using isolated pancreatic islet cells have shown that ginsenosides stimulate insulin secretion independent of extracellular calcium. In addition, in vivo studies in rats showed that P. ginseng extract increases the number of insulin receptors in bone marrow and reduces the number of glucocorticoid receptors in the rat brain. Ginsenosides inhibit the reuptake of many neurotransmitters into brain synaptosomes in rats (in descending order: gammaaminobutyrate, noradrenaline, dopamine, glutamate, serotonin). P. ginseng has been shown to increase interferon production in vitro and in vivo and increases killer cells and antigen-dependent cytotoxic activity in human peripheral lymphocytes. Ginseng saponins have (-) chronotropic and (-) inotropic effects with a similar mechanism of action to verapamil. Some in vitro studies has also reported increased coronary blood flow and (+) inotropic effects. Theoretically, ginseng may interact with cardiovascular system drugs. According to experimental studies, P. ginseng inhibits angiotensinconverting enzyme activity but does not affect nitric oxide production. The effects of ginseng about opioids are confusing. Ginseng blocks the analgesic effect of opioids. However, it potentiates the antinociceptive effect of pentazocine and aspirin. Also, it has been shown that ginseng prevents tolerance to opioids and psychostimulants in rats. In a mice study, it has been shown that saponins in ginseng increased pain threshold significantly. In their study they have speculated that saponins in ginseng might be opioid like peptide receptor agonist without addiction side reactions. P. ginseng may interact with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. P. ginseng has been reported to cause fever, headache, tremors and insomnia when used in combination with phenelzine. According to in-vitro and animal studies, ginseng preparations can show synergistic activity with cytotoxic drugs, chemotherapy and radiation. In vitro studies suggest that panaxytriol obtained from P. ginseng can produce a synergistic effect with mitomycin-C. According to in vitro studies, P. ginseng can synergistically interact with paclitaxel and reduce cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting. Ginseng is a nonspecific central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and theoretically, increases the effects and adverse effects of prescription and Corresponding Author: AYŞE SAİDE ŞAHİN, aysesaide@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD. 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ ÜROLOJİAD. 3 KTO KARATAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD.

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non-prescription CNS stimulant medications. Also, it may interact with sedative drugs. According to a clinical study in 36 patients with type-II diabetes, ginseng significantly reduces blood glucose and hemoglobin-A1c levels. Therefore, attention should be taken when used with antidiabetic drugs. Ginseng may stimulate the release of the adrenocorticotropic hormone, which may increase plasma cortisol levels. Theoretically, P. ginseng may have an additive effect when taken with sildenafil. Based on in vitro studies, camphor ingredient of ginseng is able to inhibit drug efflux and CYP3A4 mediated metabolism of HIV protease inhibitors. Ginseng preparations may have additive effects when used in combination with antiviral drugs such as rimantadine, amantadine, zanamivir and oseltamivir. Ginseng has side effects such as diarrhoea, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. This may alter the efficacy of gastrointestinal agents.

KEYWORDS Panax ginseng, drug interaction, Asian ginseng

1495

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1467

ANTI MICROBIAL EFFICACY OF CURCUMIN AND ITS POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE ECONOMY 1

SERKAN ŞEN , MERVE ŞEN , SEFA ÇELİK

ABSTRACT Curcumin is a natural compound which grows in India and South East Asian regions and is obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa plant. Curcumin is commonly used as antiinflammatory. Curcumin has been studied for a variety of clinical practices for many years. According to researches, it has therapeutic effects on many inflammatory diseases, including diabetes, and different types of cancer. Curcuminin fungi have been shown to have antimicrobial potential against a broad spectrum of microorganisms including numerous Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Curcumin has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-infective activity against virulence, quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. According to the official report published by the Association of Research-based Pharmaceutical Companies (AIFD) in 2006, the total drug market in our country has reached 9.9 billion dollars and antibiotics are ranked as the first by 20% within this cost. Similarly, according to the intellectual property rights protection index for the year 2015 of the Property Rights Alliance (PRA), Turkey is ranked as the 58th among 129 countries. As it is understood from this report, the drug in Turkey is behind the world in terms of competition with the number of local patents. In the light of all this information, the development of national antimicrobials is important in limiting the cost of antibiotics that are ranked as the first among our national drug expenditure expenses.

KEYWORDS Curcumin, anti microbial effect, economy

Corresponding Author: MERVE ŞEN, mervesen@mu.edu.tr 1 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ATATÜRK SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 2 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FETHİYE SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 3 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOKİMYA A.D.

1496

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1468

FOENICULUM VULGARE: PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 1

AYTEN DEMIRCI , MEVRA AL , AYŞE SAIDE ŞAHIN , HILAL KOÇ SONER , BURAK CEM SONER

ABSTRACT Foeniculum vulgare Mill. is a medicinal and aromatic plant with a lifetime of two years and belongs to the family of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). The oil (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and seed like fruit (Fennel fruit/ Foeniculi fructus) of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. are used in medicine. Fennel fruit includes sweet fennel (Foeniculum dulce) and bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). They both contains trans-anethole, fenchone, and estragole in different proportions. Fennel fruits are used as carminative, Fennel oil is used as an aromatic carminative. The main properties of fennel and fennel oil are derived from their carminative and expectorant activities. Anethole effects smooth-muscle motility in digestive tracts; higher doses have antispasmodic effects. A dose-dependent reduction in the density of respiratory secretions (bronchosecretolysis) occurs. Fenchone has antimicrobial and fungicidal effects in vitro. Fennel seed has a spasmolytic effect on the smooth muscles and accelerates the vibration rate of the ciliary epithelium of the bronchial mucosa (secretomotor action). In vitro studies shows that fennel has antimicrobial, gastric motility enhancing, antiexudative, and presumably antiproliferative effects. Fennel also shows estrogenic activity which seems to have some benefits in amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. Fennel changes the oral absorption of quinolone antibiotics due to metal cation ingredients. Concurrent use with ciprofloxacin significantly changes absorption, distribution and elimination of ciprofloxacin after oral administration. Fennel reduces bioavailability of ciprofloxacin. In an in vitro study, 13 components that has an inhibitory effect on human CYP3A4 enzyme were isolated from methanol extract of fennel. From these, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MoP) showed the strongest inhibition. Also, 5-MoP is an important component of grapefruit juice that has in vivo inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 which is well studied. Fennel can cause inhibition of intestinal CYP3A4 which is the most expressed CYP enzyme in the intestine. Intestinal CYP3A4 inhibition has been shown to cause a clinically significant increase in plasma concentrations of drugs such as felodipine and midazolam. Co-administration of birth control medicines containing estrogen (ethinyl estradiol, levonotgestrel ethinyl estradiol and estradiol/norethindrone) with fennel may reduce the efficacy of contraceptives. Tamoxifen is a nonsteroidal antiestrogen used in breast cancer. Combination with fennel may reduce the effect of tamoxifen. Long-term use of the fennel as a laxative may result with hypokalemia thus it may potentiate the effect of cardiac glycosides and may interact with antiarrhythmic drugs that restores sinus rhythm such as quinidine and medicinal products that prolong QT. Using with other drugs that causes hypokalemia (eg, diuretics, adrenocorticosteroids) may increase the risk of electrolyte imbalance.

Corresponding Author: BURAK CEM SONER, burakcemsoner@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD. 2 KTO KARATAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD. 3 KONYA DR.FARUK SÜKAN KADIN DOĞUM VE ÇOCUK HASTANESİ

1497

KEYWORDS Foeniculum vulgare, fennel fruit, drug interactions

1498

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1469

USING OF POPLAR (POPULUS SPP.) SEED HAIR FIBERS FOR SEA PETROLEUM SPILL 1

TE D

ERCAN VELİOĞLU , FILIZ TÜRKSEVEN VELİOĞLU

ABSTRACT

Sea routo transportation is more preferability way because of economic and environmentally friendly than other options but sea routo may cause environmental accident that is increasing of polluted sea. Naturally sea water is ripple and flowy so oil spill is easly spread water serface. Sea water pollitions are not only effect the pollutant starter point but can easly poluted far pleaces of accident. Principal sea polutants are liquid petroleum and oil product. Petroleum and oil products have exhibited hydrocarbon features so sea water characteristics spoil and sea ecosiystem affect badly from oil polutant. Sea life is demaged from oil spill as well pollition is quickly spreaded of sea surface by winds and sea flows. Such as oil spill of Deepwater Horizon in 1989 and 2010 at Alaska. Main oil producing countries of north and south hemisphere use Turkey bosporus routo for oil trade. The İstanbul and Çanakkale Bosporuss are vital importand status for The Black Sea and The Mediterranean Sea countries. 9006 Tankers passed the bosporuss of Turkey in 2013. 2292 Tankers were lading 117.1 billion ton petroleum and oil product. In 1979 and 1994 two big sea accident were occured at Turkey Bosporus. The accedents were cause heavy pollition. Oil absorbents are hydrofobic and preferability oil absorbents substrats which can be organic, inorganic and syntetics. Absorbents can change depend on the aim of environmetal disturbance. Genaraly absorbents use afectively at sea side and small roundup poll. Absorbent substance not suitable for the open sea. Absorbent substance which use scramble petroleum polition can cause secondery politunt for environment. Absorbents are use cerafully and limited. Choosing of absorbent is important for buoyancy, saturation, oil retention, strength and durability, fermentation, costs and availability, storage and transportation properties. The genus Poplar, which includes poplars are world wide known visual and fast growing tree species. Poplar seeds can cause some problems at city life. A tree have 280 000- 14 850 000 seed that can cause problem. Seeds have good properties as a petroleum and heavyy oil ansorbance. The absorption values of 180-211 g heavy oil/g fiber and 55e60 g heavy oil/g fiber respectively, surpass all known natural absorbents. Poplar seed hair fibers and cotton are obtained an extremely promising natural source for the production of oil super absorbents. Because of cotton is a hydrophilic substance , it can be sang in water. Poplar seed hair fibers is hydrophobic. Hydrophobic substance is preferability for petroleum and heavy oil pollutions. Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute tested poplar seed hair fibers and other polar anda apolar substance. Poplar seed hair fibers can treat polar solvents (diesel fuel, row petroleum, hexane, petroleum ether, cloroform, tetrahydrofuran) from water surface. It has patent international. Poplar seed hair fibers are not harmfull for human and environment.

Corresponding Author: ERCAN VELİOĞLU, ercanvelioglu53@gmail.com 1 KAVAK VE HIZLI GELİŞEN ORMAN AĞAÇLARI ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ 2 KOCAELİ İL GIDA TARIM VE HAYVANCILIK MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ

1499

KEYWORDS Poplar seed fibers, petreleum spill, sea pollution treatment, natural absorbent

1500

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1470

AQUATIC PLANTS AS ALTERNATIVE SOURCES TO MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS 1

HATICE TEKOĞUL , AYSUN KOP , ALI YILDIRIM KORKUT , HÜLYA SAYĞI , HARUN DIRAMAN

ABSTRACT Usually aquatic plants (macrophytes) are photosynthetic organisms in microscopic (algae) and macroscopic (macro algae) structures that live in fresh water and sea. Aquatic plants have been used as human food from antiquity to daily life and in our time they have begun to be used as alternative sources in various fields such as health, industry and agriculture by introducing different characteristics through scientific researches. Spirulina and Chlorella are used in the health food market as powders, capsules, tablets, or pastilles, while marine macroalgae are used as antibiotics, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antimycotic besides their use as nutrients. As in marine plants, freshwater plants are also used as human food, aquaculture and animal feed, and all parts of these plants (root, rhizome, tuber, seed etc.) are evaluated in various fields such as medicine, compost and building materials. For example; Watercress (Nasturtium ofﬁcinale) is used as diuretic, antiscorbutic, laxative and Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) is also used for food poisoning, headache, hematuria, hemorrhoids and cough. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the information on the use of aquatic plants spreading in fresh waters, particularly in the field of medicine, by examining previously published national and international publications.

KEYWORDS aquatic plants, alternative source, health industry

Corresponding Author: HARUN DIRAMAN, hdiraman@aku.edu.tr 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SU ÜRÜNLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, YETİŞTİRİCİLİK BÖLÜMÜ, BORNOVA-İZMİR 2 GIDA KONTROL ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ, AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1501

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1471

ZINGIBER OFFICINALIS: PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 1

BURAK CEM SONER , MEHMET MESUT PIŞKIN , MEVRA AL , AYŞE SAIDE ŞAHIN

ABSTRACT Ginger has been widely using as a cooking spice and medicinal plant from ancient times in India and in China. Today ginger is part of the folk medicine as well as in modern medicine. It is used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and for prevention of travel and sea sickness. Many countries have approved ginger as a nonprescription drug for the prevention of motion sickness. It is also recognized with its anti-inflammatory effect in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, being on par with many steroidal preparations. The essential oil of Rhizoma Zingiberis (Ginger) include α-zingiberene, ar-curcumene, α-bisabolene, neral, geranial, (E)-α-farnesene and zingiberol. Pungent compound (gingerols and shogaols), diarylheptanoids (gingerenones A and B), vitamins and %50 starch are also present. Fresh ginger root contains gingerols, shogaols, 6dehydrogingerdione, and galanolactone as the major constituents. 6-gingerol is the main pungent component of dried ginger. 6-gingerol can convert to 6-shogaols due to dehydration of 6-gingerols. Fresh ginger is used as antiemetic, antitussive, expectorant, and for inducing perspiration and dispel cold, whereas dried ginger is used for stomachache, vomiting, and diarrhoea accompanied by cold extremities and low pulse, resolve phlegm retention, for cough and dyspnea with copious frothy expectoration and for abnormal uterine bleeding. In vitro studies have shown that fresh ginger extract inhibits both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism results with platelet aggregation and inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene production. 6-gingerol, 10dehydrogingerdione and 10-gingerdione are the main ingredients responsible from these effects. According in vitro studies, these components inhibit prostaglandin synthesis more potently than indomethacin. The chemical structures of gingerols shows partial similarities with prostaglandins. Gingerols have been found to be potent inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis. 6-gingerol reduces nausea and vomiting by increasing motility. Galanolacton, similar with ondansetron, has an antiemetic effect via serotonin (5HT-3) receptors located in ileum. Antiserotonergic activity of ginger including 6-, 8- ve 10-gingerols has also been shown by in vitro studies. Dried ginger is shown to be useful in rheumatoid arthritis. More than 75% of arthritis patients who consumed ginger rhizome powder experienced analgesic effects and reduction in joint swelling. Gingerols have been reported to be hypoglycemic in diabetic rats. Ginger can interact with antacids, H2 antagonists and proton pump inhibitors by its potential in increasing stomach pH. The high dosage of ginger may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression and theoretically increases the effect of barbiturates, benzodiazepines and CNS depressants. Ginger may have a dose-dependent inotropic activity and theoretically may interact with positive inotropic agents and beta-blockers. In diabetic rats serum glucose levels are significantly lowered due to the hypoglycemic effect of ginger, which may Corresponding Author: AYŞE SAİDE ŞAHİN, aysesaide@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD. 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ ÜROLOJİ AD. 3 KTO KARATAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD.

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theoretically increase the effects of hypoglycemic drugs. Ginger is a potent thromboxane synthase inhibitor, which prolongs bleeding time. Patients using warfarin and other medicines that affect platelet activity should avoid taking ginger supplements. Ginger may prevent clotting. Concomitant use with drugs like aspirin, clopidogrel, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, dalteparin, enoxaparin, heparin, warfarin may further reduce clotting and may increase risk of bleeding. Ginger may increase the absorption, bioavailability and elimination half life of metronidazole so combined use may increase side effects of metronidazole.

KEYWORDS Zingiber officinalis, drug interactions, ginger

1503

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1472

ETHNOBOTANICAL USES OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS ON THE ASTERACEAE FAMILY FROM HATAY (TURKEY) 1

FARUK KARAHAN , AHMET İLÇİM

ABSTRACT Hatay city hosts rich biodiversity, including about 225 taxa of belonging to Asteraceae family. The present study reveals the ethnobotany and traditional medicinal uses of 23 taxa belonging to 16 genera of the Asteraceae family in Hatay province (East Mediterranean of Turkey). The study was mainly focused on the medicinal plants used for treatment of various ailments/diseases by the local people in the city. The data on plants included botanical names, vernacular names, the parts used and specific purpose of use. The richest genus are; Centaurea L. (4 taxa), Achillea L., Anthemis L., Artemisia L. and Taraxacum F. H. Wigg. (2 taxa each). Local people generally use herbals as areal parts (45.1%), flowers (16.1%), capitulum and leaves (12.9% each). The common preparation of the medicinal plants in the museum are drink as tea (48.8%), external (20.9%) and infusion (16.3%). Local people in the region commonly use for the remedy of gastrointestinal system disorders, respiratory system disorders, genital-urinary system disorders, skin diseases and metabolism disorders. Our results were comparatively discussed with the other literatures. We believe that fınding of this study will significantly contribute to the ethnobotanical studies at local or regional scales.

KEYWORDS Ethnobotany, Medicinal plants, Folk medicine, Asteraceae, Hatay

Corresponding Author: FARUK KARAHAN, farukkarahan34@gmail.com 1 MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ

1504

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1473

CAMELLIA SINENSIS: PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 1

ESRA BÜYÜK , MEVRA AL , AYŞE SAIDE ŞAHIN , BURAK CEM SONER

ABSTRACT Green tea is produced without fermentation from the leaves of Camellia sinensis belonging to Theaceae family. Black tea or red tea is processed by fermentation and heating, whereas oolong tea is partially fermented. Green tea contains more catechin than black tea and oolong tea. The presence of high amounts of catechins, essential minerals and vitamins are responsible for high antioxidant potential of this tea. Tea contains 5% caffeine and 24% tannins with minor amounts of other xanthines such as theophylline and theobromine. Its tea also contains flavonoids. Green tea appears to contain greater quantities of the flavonol-type flavonoids than black tea. Minor flavonols (10%), polymeric flavonoids (20%) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) are the major constituents of about 50-80% of the green tea catechins. Leaf buds and fresh tea leaves are used as stimulant and diuretic due to its caffeine content. Also they are used as an astringent for gastrointestinal disorders which they effect via polyphenols and tannins they contain. In addition, green tea extracts are used in the treatment of genital warts. Tea is generally preferred as a drink. Green tea extract is a rich polyphenol source. The phenolic components of green tea extract have strong antioxidant activity. The combined use of green tea with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) showed myocardial protection by reducing the adverse effects of HCTZ. This finding may be important for cancer patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease who can not undergo HCTZ monotherapy due to potential myocardial side effects. A study in rats has shown that green tea reduces myocardial toxicity induced by cyclofosfamide in a dose dependent manner. Adenosine is used for arrhythmia and green tea may inhibit the effects of adenosine. Caffeine found in green tea reduces the sedative effect of benzodiazepines. Also, it can increase blood pressure in patients using metoprolol and propanolol. Patients using warfarin should not use green tea. Moderate quantities of K vitamin in green tea can reduce the effect of warfarin. Green tea and aspirin should not be used together because they both increase the risk of bleeding by acting as an inhibitor on the platelets that provide clotting. Laboratory tests involving the use of green tea in combination with chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin and tamoxifen have been shown to improve the efficacy of these drugs. It has been shown that green and black tea extracts decreases the sensitivity of prostate cancer cell to chemotherapy drugs. Because of this potential for interaction, black and green tea (extracts of these teas) are not recommended especially for patients who receive chemotherapy for prostate cancer. If clozapine is used less than 40 minutes after green tea ingestion, the antipsychotic effect may reduce. If green tea is used in combination with ephedrine, it can increase agitation, tremor, insomnia and weight loss. Green tea has been shown to reduce lithium blood levels. The use of green tea with monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as phenelezine and tranylcypromine may cause a hypertensive crisis. The combination of phenylpropanolamine and caffeine can result with serious increase of blood pressure and mania. Clinical trials have showed that green tea and black tea Corresponding Author: BURAK CEM SONER, burakcemsoner@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD. 2 KTO KARATAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIBBİ FARMAKOLOJİ AD.

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extracts reduces folic acid bioactivity even at low concentrations. Because of its phenolic content, green tea can reduce the absorption of non-iron preparations. The inhibition of non-hem iron absorption is a potential side effect. Two important flavonols of green tea (EG and EGCG) have an important effect on organic anion-carrier polypeptides (OATP) that are expressed in enterocytes and hepatocytes. ECG and EGCG inhibits uptake by OATP1A2, OATP1B1, and OATP2B1 in a concentration-dependent way. However, OATP1B3-mediated uptake is strongly stimulated by EGCG. Therefore, they can alter the pharmacokinetics of OATP substrates such as statins.

KEYWORDS Camelia sinensis, green tea, drug interactions

1506

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1474

GARLIC AND ITS EFFECTS ON HEALTH 1

MERVE NUR GIZLICI , RUMEYSA KAMALAK , EZGI TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALI EMRAH BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT

GARLIC AND ITS EFFECTS ON HEALTH Garlic (Allium sativum) is used as flavoring since very old ages. In some societies, it is seen the healing source. It is suggested that garlic has the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal effects and provides positive effects via sulfur and phenolic substances present in its content. The positive effects it shows on the health has made a current issue to use it supplements beside the use of it nutrition and flavoring. A great majority of thiosulphates (70%) the plant garlic has consist of allicin. This substance becomes active when garlic is mashed. It is stated that allicin has a strong antibiotic and antifungal feature. In addition, it was demonstrated that it was effective in gastrointestinal motility and regulation of the secretion of digestive enzymes. AIM: In this study, it was aimed to study the studies examining the effects of garlic on the health. METHOD: Studying the studies examining the effects of garlic consumption on general health condition and some chronic diseases by means of a comprehensive literature review, a compilation study was prepared in the light of actual data. RESULTS: In the studies carried out, it was found that the substances such as diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, 5-ethyl cysteine, n-acetyl cysteine present in garlic showed significant antioxidant activity. In addition, it was seen that garlic consumption, increasing the effectivity of microphages killing pathogens, was effective in strengthening immune system. In the studies carried out on garlic and cardiovascular health, it was identified that garlic consumption reduced the level of LDL cholesterol and increased the level of HDL cholesterol in individuals, and thanks to this, lowered the risk of cardiovascular disease. In the similar studies, it was suggested that garlic consumption, reducing the formation of fibrin and plaque in the blood, could also significantly lower the risk of heart attack. In the studies, examining the relationship between garlic consumption and blood pressure, in the people having both high and low blood pressure, the positive effects of garlic consumption were frequently identified. In the studies, examining the relationship between garlic consumption and Type 2 Diabetics, in addition to the diabetic medications, it was seen that garlic consumption exhibited positive effects in the regulation of blood sugar. In the studies examining the relationship of garlic with cancer, it was suggested that frequent garlic consumption may be protective against especially breas, esophagus, gastric, colon, and rectum cancers and the studies on its use in cancer treatment are limited. CONCLUSION:. Garlic, its antioxidative, antithrombotic, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic effects, can be effective in reducing the morbidity and mortality of the disease. However, the actual literature is evaluated, particularly about its quantity used as supplementary, there are no clear suggestions and there is a need further studies. It should not be forgotten that higher dosages may show negative effects for the hearth, liver, and renal functions. KEYWORDS garlic,nutrition,health,allicin

Corresponding Author: MERVE NUR GİZLİCİ, merve_ikbal@windowslive.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU/BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1475

RESVERATROL AND CANCER 1

ELİF BEYZA ÇELEBİ , HÜDA ZEYNEP KAYA , EZGİ TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALİ EMRAH BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT RESVERATROL AND CANCER Cancer is a fatal disease showing increase tendency at the present days. In this increase, unchangeable genetical factors as well as changeable environmental factors play important role. It is stated that diet among the environmental factors has important effects. In cancer process, on understanding of diet, the interest toward using some nutrients and supplements has increased. This interest has also reflected to the literature. Resveratrol, which has a phytoalexin structure and is synthesized as a response to stress factors in some plants, is one of the most studied components with its cancer -protective feature. It is put forward that resveratrol shows its antioxidative effect, removing free oxygen radicals from the environment. Resveratrol, present in higher rates in the roots of plant, named Polygonum cupsidatum, grape, peanut, and ananas, is also used as supplement. AIM:In this study, it was aimed to compile the actual studies examining the relationship between resveratrol and cancer. METHOD:In the study, with examining the actual literature data, the protective and therapeutic effect of resveratrol against cancer were evaluated in detail. RESULTS:In the studies, in which the biological benefits and action mechanisms of resveratrol are examined, its anticancerogenic and antioxidative effects were emphasized. It is considered that resveratrol shows its anticarcinogenic effect by modulating enzymes making carcinogens ineffective. Depending on its modulating these enzymes, it was seen that it could provide the positive effects on the metabolism of some medications. Some studies suggest that resveratrol makes slower the tumor development, inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. In the studies, its antioxidative effects are examined, it was emphasized that it effectively cleaned free oxygen radicals and other oxidative molecules and prevented LDL oxidation. In the studies, in which the effect time of resveratrol was evaluated, due to its rapidly metabolizing, that its time of being kept in the body is a short time like approx.. 1 hour was remarkable. It was stated that this situation can impede to form a long term response. In the studies examining the relationship between resveratrol intake and cancer formation, it is frequently seen that there is a significant opposite relationship between resveratrol intake and cancer formation. In the literature, rather than the use of resveratrol in the use of cancer treatment, its effects preventing cancer were dealt with. Especially in preventing the formation of the colon, breast, and prostate cancer, it is suggested that it is more effective. CONCLUSION:. There are the studies showing the effect of resveratrol to prevent cancer, regression its formation step, and suppress it in the early period. The dosage and tine of resveratrol used in these studies show a large variability according to the sorts of cancer and there is no clear recommendations toward using it with the foods and supplements. For being able to offer the suggestions about the consumption quantity and become clear its effectivity in treatment, there is a need further studies. Keywords:Resveratrol, diet, cancer, , antioxidant KEYWORDS RESVERATROL,CANCER,DIET,ANTIOXIDANT Corresponding Author: ELİF BEYZA ÇELEBİ, beyzaelebi@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEK OKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1476

GROWING AND HARVESTING OF ANATOLIAN SAGE (SALVIA TRILOBA L.) ON BUROR TERRACES IN THE FORESTRY AREA. 1

MESUT TANDOĞAN , MEHMET ÖZDEMIR

ABSTRACT Anatolian sage (Salvia triloba L.) which is medical and aromatic plant exported and collected from forest areas is located in Marmara ireland, Turkey. In recent years, soil treatment during afforestation practices are made in the form of grado (Buror Teras) with tracked or wheeled miniexcavators in the fields having % 60 or more slope, in Turkey. In this study, Anatolia Sage (Salvia triloba L.) seedlings produced in nursery conditions from seed Yalova originated is discussed development and harvest of sage planted in the spring period of 2014 on “Buror Terraces” created in the Kızılcaterzi Village, in the forest compartment number 261, in Şarköy district, Tekirdağ province of Marmara region. Sage seedlings in this area having 45-50 % slope planted in staggered with 40x40 cm. spacing and found soil tests positive reached to 40-45 cm heigh of annual sprout and harvested so that the bottom 20 cm height. According to this result, it is possible to ensure success to grow Anatolian sage as medical and aromatic plant on Buror terraces and in forested areas other forest tree species or curved empty forest areas ecologically.

KEYWORDS Anatolia Sage, Buror Terraces, Marmara, Cultivating

Corresponding Author: MESUT TANDOĞAN, mesuttandogan@ogm.gov.tr 1 TC ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, MARMARA ORMANCILIK ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ

1509

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1477

THE USE OF PROBIOTIC AND PREBIOTIC IN OBESITY 1

TUĞBA ERDOĞAN , NEZIRE MERT , ALI EMRAH BIYIKLI , EZGI TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT Obesity is defined as excessive fat accumulation in the body due to the fact that the energy taken in the body is more than the energy spent. It is a serious problem of public health, which shows increase in the developed and the developing countries. Obesity is a process ranging with inflammation in the body and brings together with it a number of complication such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, Type 2 diabetics, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, coronary heart disease, and the premature death. In the recent years, the view that in the development of obesity and its complications, intestinal microbiota will also be effective revealed. Intestinal microbiota includes different sorts of microorganism more than 500 and the number of these microorganisms is affected by age, genetics, and environmental factors. The composition of intestinal mucosa of individual and effect of bacteria here on energy transformation can form personal differences in weight loss and gain of the individual. While Bacteriodetes decreases in the intestines of obese individuals, Firmicutes increases, and also, the diversity of the other bacteria in intestines also decreases. There are some studies showing that probiotics and prebiotics regulate intestinal flora. The resources of probiotics are fermented milk products, pharmacologic products, prepared from the live cells of the probiotic bacteria, and foods and drinks, enriched with probiotics. The resources of prebiotics, which form a feeding place for probiotics, are the nutrients such as onion, garlic, wheat, leek, banana, escarole, earth apple, artichoke, soya, dry legumes, asparagus, and tomato. AIM: In this study, it was aimed to compile the studies examining the relationship between the use of probiotic and prebiotic and energy balance in obesity. METHOD: In the study, actual literature studies were evaluated, which examines the effect of the use of probiotic in obese people on both body weight and fat mass and complications of obesity as a result of both variations of intestinal flora. RESULTS: The studies carried out showed that intestinal bacteria had the different effects in the decomposition of energy from nutritional elements and in its usability and storage. In especially obese people, the increasing Firmicutes filum producing in high amount of short chained fatty acid from the fibers, causes more energy production in the body. A number of studies were met, which show that the use of probiotic and prebiotic use in obese people provides decreases in body mass index, thickness of skin curl, and serum glucose, In similar way, there are also some studies showing that significant improvements were provided at the level of insulin resistance, lipid, and adipokine, There are also studies showing that the use of prebiotic provides increase in the feeling of saturity, weight loss, and decrease at the level of LDL cholesterol level. In the studies examining the effect of prebiotic use on the complications of obesity, it was seen that it showed positive effect on intestinal permeability , metabolic endotoxemia, adiposity, and insulin resistance. CONCLUSION: In the treatment of obesity, in addition to the behavioral change, physical activity, and diet treatment, the use of pro-prebiotics can be an alternative. For intestinal flora playing role in energy balance, it is necessary for the use of pro-prebiotic to be important. The studies on Corresponding Author: TUĞBA ERDOĞAN, dyttugba7@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

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intake as supplement were dealt with rather than intake of nutrition resourced intake. The studies on probiotic and prebiotic nutritional resources should be increased. For being able to offer clearer suggestions about the sorts and quantities that are necessary to be used, there is a need further study.

KEYWORDS obesity, probiotic, prebiotic, microbiota

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1478

USE OF PHYTOTHERAPY IN SURGICAL NURSING 1

CEYDA UZUN ŞAHİN , DILEK ÇİLİNGİR

ABSTRACT Today; -in spite of fast advancements in diagnosis, care and treatment in diseases- such factors as people’s wish to have more control and responsibility over their treatments, to use relieving interventions against symptoms, health care team’s inability to spare enough time, cost of traditional treatment modalities and psychologically feeling better have increased interest in complementary and alternative treatments. In this sense, phytotherapy –deriving Greek words “phyton (herb)” and “therapeia (therapy)”- means curing and healing with herbs. Phytotherapy is considered as the practice of pharmacognosis into modern treatments and is also called as “phytopharmacy”. Phytotherapy –used in the care and treatment of diseases, promotion and maintenance of health by all cultures since the beginning of civilization- has used every kind of herbs as medication. For example; all of the medication systems that include Native Americans’ healing methods, Indian Ayurveda system and traditional Chinese medicine have placed herbs into their treatment modalities. Today; in the developed countries, Turkish and Asian medicine; numerous individuals utilize herbal products alone or mixed treatment products as a treatment modality in order to cure many diseases without consulting any medical experts. When some of the herbal medicines often used are examined in relation to surgical nursing; there may occur some side effects among patients. Use of some of these -like garlic, gingko biloba, ginseng, echinacea and St. John’s wort surgical- should be quitted before surgeries. As a result; although herms are frequently used for therapeutic purposes they may be omitted by health care personnel. Therefore; nurses should be aware of effects, side effects, drug interactions (drugs that should not be used together) of herbal medicines very well.

KEYWORDS Phytotherapy, Surgical Nursing

Corresponding Author: CEYDA UZUN ŞAHİN, ceydam61@gmail.com 1 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 2 KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1479

PHYTOESTROGENS EFFECTS ON MENOPAUSE SYMPTOMS 1

BÜŞRA GÖZ , GÜLIZER ÇELIK , MÜBERRA ÇIL , EZGI TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALI EMRAH BIYIKLI , ELMAS ERSÖZ

ABSTRACT Menopause period which is hormonal, physiological, psychological changes on women, starts at 45-55 years old, after the end of menstruation. Estrogen hormone is the most effective factor during menopause. Due to the decreasing estrogen level, the symptoms occurring after the menopause are related with the estrogen. Therefore phytoestrogens are thought to be helpful to cope with these symptoms. Phytoestrogens are used for estrogen replacement cure for menopause women. Phytoestrogens structure and functions are similar like endogen estrogen 17-β estradiol hence it makes them to connect to estrogen receptors more easily. OBJECTIVE: In this review, the studies related with phytoestrogens effects on menopause symptoms are investigated. METHOD: Phytoestrogens nutrition and supplementation properties and their effects to the menopause symptoms are investigated through literature. RESULTS: Use of phytoestrogens as nutrition and supplementation on healthy women which are on menopause, shows positive results on the symptoms of menopause. When phytoestrogens are used as nutrition for the women which are on premenopausal or postmenopausal stage is helpful for constriction, sleeping pattern, anxiety, depression and irritability. Also, phytoestrogens use as nutrition and supplementation have positive effects on vaginal dryness, libido, hirsutism on facial area and dryness on the skin. On the other hand, use of phytoestrogens as supplementation have positive effects on vasomotor menopause symptoms and life quality. On some of studies made it is provided that, women who use phytoestrogens as supplementation, the menopause symptoms are significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: Menopause symptoms have negative effects on premenopausal and postmenopausal women’s life quality. Phytoestrogen supplementation could decrease menopause symptoms as an alternative for hormone replacement cure. However, there should be more studies to be made for the amount of phytoestrogen consumption during the menopause.

KEYWORDS Phytoestrogens, nutrition, menopause

Corresponding Author: BÜŞRA GÖZ, gozbusra@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1480

SOME CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF GRISSINI PREPARED WITH GARDEN CRESS (LEPIDIUM SATIVUM L.) SEED POWDER 1

ÜNKAN URGANCI , ALI GÖNCÜ , FATMA IŞIK , İLYAS ÇELIK

ABSTRACT Yet, thanks to the inception and upcoming of the science of Foods and Nutrition, a number of non- conventional food stuffs have been explored, analyzed, processed and used up in the development of food products, all in a bid to end their oblivion on one hand and accruing benefit to the masses on the other. Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) is such a food stuff that abounds not only in nutrients but also in health enhancing phytochemicals. Garden cress is an annual erect herbaceous plant, growing up to 30 cm. It belongs to Cruciferae (Brassica) family, widely grown in Europe, South West Asia and US. The plant requires minimal agricultural resources, grows well in semi-arid regions and low fertility soils. The seeds can be harvested in 70–90 days and the yield is calculated to be 800– 1000 kg/ha. It is a well known culinary herb and the leaves are widely used as garnish and are consumed raw in salads. The plant is known to possess varied medicinal properties. Leaves of this plant are diuretic and gently stimulant. The seeds are traditionally used in the diet of lactating woman to induce milk secretion. The seeds are aperient, antibacterial, gastrointestinal stimulant, diuretic, tonic, demulcent, aphrodisiac, carminative, galactagogue and emmenagogue. It is also reported that the plant possess antihemogglutinating, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, fracture healing properties and significant bronchodilatory activities. Also a preliminary pharmacological study on seeds of garden cress has suggested the presence of cardioactive substance and is shown to have probable action through adrenergic mechanisms. Aqueous extract of garden cress was found to have antihypertensive and diuretic effect when studied both in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. It is useful in hiccup, dysentery, diarrhea and skin disease caused by impurities of blood as well. The oil of the garden cress seeds is rich in alpha linolenic acid, and contains an ideal ratio of x-3 fatty acids (n-3) and x-6 fatty acids (n-6). Recent studies have proved the preventive effect of x-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially alpha linolenic acid, on different types of cancer, including breast, in both animals or cell line models, and in the treatment of cancer. Bakery products are the most consumed foods in the world and among these products. Grissini are long, thin pieces of crispy, dry bread. They are better known in many English speaking nations as breadstick or bread sticks, and they are a popular accompaniment to many Italian meals. It is originated in Torino in Piemonte, a region of northwest Italy. Grissini were actually invented around the end of the 17th century to cure the health problems of young Duke Vittorio Amedeo II of Savoy. In this study, grissini were produced by the addition of 0.5, 1 and 2% of garden cress seed powder to grissini formulations, texture characteristics, color values, some chemical properties such as oil and ash content and some sensory properties of grissini were determined. It was found that the ash and oil contents of the grissini increased significantly (p<0.05) by increasing the amount of garden crees seed powder in the formulation. In color analysis, it was seen Corresponding Author: ÜNKAN URGANCI, unkanurganci@hotmail.com 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ

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that increasing the addition rate caused decreases in Hunter L value, and increases in a value. In the sensory evaluation, the panelists gave scores for crust color, hardness, smell, chewiness, flavor, and overall acceptance. Grissini having 1% and 2 % of garden cress received the best liking scores (P<0.05) in color. The samples having 0,5% of garden cress seed powder recieved lower score than other samples, altough they have been received sensory scores higher than 3.5, which was the midpoint of hedonic scale.

KEYWORDS grissini, Garden cress, seed, nutrition

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1481

DETERMINATION OF SOME PHYSICAL, TEXTURAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF CRACKERS PRODUCED BY ADDITION OF ZAHTER (THYMBRA SPICATA) 1

ALI GÖNCÜ , ÜNKAN URGANCI , İLYAS ÇELIK , FATMA IŞIK

ABSTRACT Plants and spices are generally used to bring aroma and colour in foods. In addition, they provide antioxidant and antimicrobial properties to the products. They also have therapeutic and / or preventive effects for many disorders, especially heart, vascular, diabetic and cancer diseases. With these features they are extremely important in human diet. Zahter (Thymbra spicata), also known as "Karabaş kekiği", "Karakekik" or "Dağ kekiği" in Turkish is a plant specie belonging to the family of Lamiaceae. It is a plant that has pink flowers and it has a height of about half a meter. It includes essential oils and tannins. It can be grown almost everywhere in our country with the consumption is mostly in Gaziantep and Hatay. It is consumed with its unique flavor in meals, in teas, in salads, in olive oil and with different spices at breakfast or raw. In this study, crackers were produced by substituting 1%, 2% and 4% of milled zahter instead of wheat flour. Moisture, ash, colour values and textural and sensory qualities of the crackers were determined. It has been determined that by increasing the zahter rates in the formulation, the amount of ash increased and the hardness decreased. In sensory analysis, panelists evaluated cracker samples with respect to external colour, odor, hardness, flavor, chewiness and overall acceptance. In color analysis, Hunter L and a values were decreased and b values were increased by increasing zahter ratios. In sensory evaluation, crackers produced with 2% of zahter received best liking scores in overall acceptance.

KEYWORDS Cracker, Zahter, Thyme.

Corresponding Author: ALİ GÖNCÜ, ali.goncu@adu.edu.tr 1 ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ÇİNE MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, GIDA İŞLEME BÖLÜMÜ, AYDIN. 2 PAMUKKAKE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, DENİZLİ.

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1482

DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF MUFFIN PREPARED WITH RIPENED HEMP SEED (CANNABIS SATIVA L.) 1

ÜNKAN URGANCI , ALI GÖNCÜ , FATMA IŞIK , İLYAS ÇELIK

ABSTRACT Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been an important source of food, fiber and folk medicinal preparations for thousands of years in the Old World. Both the ripened seed of hemp and seed meal are excellent sources of dietary oil, fiber and protein. It contains 20–25% protein; the storage proteins consist mainly of edestin (globulin) and albumin, with a superior essential amino acid profile and high digestibility. Is also has 20–30% carbohydrates, 25–35% oil (composed primarily of linoleic and a-linolenic acids) and 10–15% insoluble fibre and a rich array of minerals. The hemp seed, in addition to its nutritional value, has demonstrated positive health benefits, including the lowering of cholesterol and high blood pressure. The increased utilization of hemp seed for edible oil production has caused abundant amounts of protein-rich meal, which serves as a suitable raw material for production of peptide products, because of the presence of high levels of residues, especially arginine and branched chain amino acids, which are desirable components of bioactive peptides. Studies of hemp seed oils are expected to follow and may be extended to include clinical studies, such as arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, chronic fatigue syndrome, lupus, and more. Bakery products are the most consumed foods in the world and among these products; cakes are the most popular products due to their deliciousness and special organoleptic characteristics. Among different types of cakes, Muffin cake has a special position due to its deliciousness. In this study, muffin cakes were produced by the addition of 2, 4 and 6% of hemp seeds to cake formulations and color values, some chemical and sensory properties of cakes were determined. It was found that the ash and oil contents of muffin cakes increased by increasing the amount hemp seeds in the formulation (P<0.05). In color analyses, it was seen that increasing the addition rate caused decreases significantly (p<0.05) in the all Hunter L,a,b values in crumb color. In the sensory evaluation, the panelists gave scores for crust color, crumb color, crumb cell structure, texture, smell, chewiness, flavor, and overall acceptance. The samples having 2% of hemp seeds recieved best liking score on overall acceptance. All the muffin samples recieved sensory scores more than 3.5 which was the midpoint of hedonic scale.

KEYWORDS muffin, hemp seed, sensory

Corresponding Author: ÜNKAN URGANCI, unkanurganci@hotmail.com 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1517

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1483

UTILIZATION OF BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM) IN CEREAL TECHNOLOGY 1

ALI GÖNCÜ , ÜNKAN URGANCI , İLYAS ÇELIK , FATMA IŞIK

ABSTRACT Buckwheat is a plant species of the genus Fagopyrum from the family Polygonaceae. Unlike the important grains such as wheat, corn, oats, rice and barley, it can be adapted to develop in a short time at high altitudes (0-4200 m). Buckwheat is one of the most important alternative crops that can be grown without using artificial fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals. It is a one-year-old plant that can grow even in cool climates and in poor soils. Although it is in the Pseudocereal class, it is mostly classified in cereals. Because its chemical composition and utilization areas are similar with cereals. Nine varieties of buckwheat can be cultivated, but two varieties of them are cultivated mostly. The buckwheat species most commonly used in bakery products is Fagopyrum esculentum moench. Buckwheat seeds are in the form of a triangular pyramid. Seed hulls are bright or matt and brown, black or gray in colour. It has been reported that it can be cultivated everywhere in our country and government pays financial incentive for its cultivation. Unlike wheat, buckwheat does not contain gluten. Buckwheat flour is commonly used with other gluten-free cereal flours and starches in the world for the development of new dietary products for celiac disease. Buckwheat is an important source for gluten-free products with its unique taste and aroma. The aim of this review is to give some information about buckwheat using in breads, pasta, noodles, biscuits, cakes, tarhana, cookies, chips and wafers.

KEYWORDS Buckwheat, cereal, bakery products.

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Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1484

THE EFFECTS OF GİNKGO BİLOBA ON ALZHEIMER DISEASE 1

GÖZDE ÇALIŞKAN , GÜLSEREN AVCI , AYŞE İŞLER , EZGI TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALI EMRAH BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT Ginkgo biloba, is a 30-40 m high tree, which takes place in the class of ginkgoales, and can live more than thousand years. It is a sort of the oldest tree still living on the earth and it is accepted as a “living fossil”. Besides that it naturally grows in North China and Japan, it is also grown as decorative plant in mild regions and parks and gardens. In order to use it as medication, the extract of ginkgo biloba was first developed in Germany in 1965 and was introduced with the name of "EGb761". Later, it was registered in France (IPSEN, Paris) and started to be produced in series. Today, the extract of Ginkgo biloba takes place among the supplements often used. The extract of standardized ginkgo biloba foliage contain flavonoid glycosides ( quersatin, kaempferol,, isorhamnetin, etc. ) in the rate of 24%; terpenoids in the rate of 6%; and organic acid in the rate of 510%. Thanks to terpenes and flavonoids, accepted pharmacologic active components in the content of its leaves, it is considered that it has effect on especially cerebral vascular. This effect of it became widespread the use of ginkgo biloba in weak memory depending on age and dementia. AIM :In this study, it was aimed to compile the studies examining the effect of using the extract of using ginkgo biloba for Alzheimer disease on cognitive disorders METHOD: In this compilation study researching the relationship of the use of ginkgo biloba and Alzheimer, the actual literature data was examined and the effect of using the extract of ginkgo biloba on Alzheimer diseases were examined by utilizing the secondary study data. RESULTS: It is put forward that the pharmacologically active component EGb761, used in a number of study, are flavonoid and terpenoids. In a number of studies, EGb761, thanks to flavonoids in the content, reduced free radicals preparing ground for neuronal damage. It is also emphasized that the components of ginkgolide and flavonoid have the inflammation preventive effect seen in Alzheimer pathology. Troubles in mitochondrial functions are also associated with the pathological changes seen in Alzheimer and it is considered that EGb761 has a protective effect on mitochondrion. Besides that there are some studies showing that administrating the extract of ginkgo biloba to Alzheimer patients significantly has an effect in positive direction, there are also some studies, where its effect is not observed at all. Provided that high dosage is not used, since it is not possible to see the useful effects of ginkgo biloba, it is emphasized that it is necessary to use, instead of the plant itself, its extract. Dosage effect ranges between 240-720 mg per day and it was not dealt with a net quantity. CONCLUSION: Due to its antioxidant activity and antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory effects, its protective effects against amyloidogenes and Aβ regeneration, it was considered that Ginkgo biloba, can be used in Alzheimer treatment but this claim was not scientifically verified and/or the contradictory results about the subject were reached. For being able to be better understood of the effect mechanism, there is a need more comprehensive studies.

Corresponding Author: GÖZDE ÇALIŞKAN, dyt_gozde@hotmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1519

KEYWORDS Alzheimer, ginkgo biloba, dementia

1520

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1485

DETERMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SAGE AND LINDEN HERBAL TEAS WHICH ARE SOLD BY TEA BAG AND UNPACKED 1

DUYGU ZEHİR , HALIL İBRAHIM KAYA , ÖMER ŞİMŞEK

ABSTRACT In this study, four sage and four linden herbal tea bags purchased from national markets and four unpacked sage and four unpacked linden herbal teas purchased from herbalist were used. The herbal tea bags and unpacked teas are first placed in cups and freshly boiled hot water is added. Brewing time for herbal tea bags was determined as 3-5 minutes and samples were taken for antimicrobial activity studies. Well diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial activity. Micrococcus luteus was used as the indicator bacteria. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that antimicrobial activity of unpacked sage herbal teas were higher than sage herbal tea bags and antimicrobial activity of linden herbal tea bags were higher than unpacked linden herbal teas.

KEYWORDS Herbal Tea Bag, Unpacked Herbal Tea, Antimicrobial.

Corresponding Author: HALİL İBRAHİM KAYA, hikaya@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY

1521

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1486

SOME ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS FROM ADDING TO CAROB (CEROTONİA SİLİQUA) POWDER 1

FATMANUR BÜYÜKSARAÇ , AYDIN YAPAR , CANSU TOPKAYA

ABSTRACT Carob (Cerotonia siliqua ), also called locust, is an oldest plant of the world. It belongs to the family of Fabaceae and grows in many parts of the Mediterranean region. Carob pod characterized by a high content of carbohydrate , appreciable amount of protein, low levels of fat. Apart from carbohydrates, high amounts of dietary fibre and polyphenols are characteristic of this Mediterranean food. Dietary fibre itself or a diet rich in dietary fibre is known to exert a variety of physiological effects, including improved digestion and attenuation of blood cholesterol and glucose levels. Moreover, raw carob pods and carob pod flour contain substantial amounts of polyphenols especially condensed tanin. Polyphenols exhibit a wide range of biological properties, and among these, the antioxidant activity is the best known. Also, carob pods are rich in K, Ca and Mg. Pods of the carob fruit have long been used as a raw material for food additives production. Due to its sweetness and flavor similar to chocolate, as well as its low price less carob pods milled into flour are widely used in the Mediterranean region as cocoa substitute for sweets, biscuits, and processed drinks production. Additionally, the advantage of using carob powder as a cocoa substitute is that it does not contain caffeine and theobromin. Biscuits are one of the most popularly consumed bakery products by people all over the world. Traditional bakery products are produced from suitable materials, following the classic procedure and using the proper equipment. The most common materials are flour, water, yeast, sugar, vegetable fats or oils, eggs, starch, milk or milk products etc. Some of the reasons for such wide popularity are their ready to eat nature, affordable cost, good nutritional quality, different varieties, availability in different tastes and longer shelf life. Most of bakery products are used as a source for incorporation of different nutritionally rich ingredients for their diversification. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of carob powder on some sensory properties of biscuits and produce a functional food by adding carob powder to the biscuits formulation. Biscuits samples were prepared by using 4%, 6% and 8% of carob powder that were replaced with wheat flour. And also one party was produced without carob powder as control. Color of biscuits samples were determined by HunterlabMiniScan XE. L (lightness) and b (yellowness) value were decreased by increasing ratio of carob powder whereas a (redness) value was incerased. Sensory parameters such as color, smell, taste, crunchiness and overall acceptability were evaluated by a panel of 26 persons using 7-point hedonic scale. All of the biscuits received sensory scores higher than 4.2 point. The biscuits having 6% carob powder in the formulation were more liked than other samples having carob powder, in all criteria.

KEYWORDS Biscuit, carob powder, functional food Corresponding Author: FATMANUR BÜYÜKSARAÇ, fatmanur_byksrc@hotmail.com 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY

1522

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1487

IN VITRO CLONAL PROPAGATION OF A MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT SPECIES: MUSCARI NEGLECTUM GUSS. EX. TEN 1

ÇIĞDEM ALEV ÖZEL , DENIZ YÜZBAŞIOĞLU , FATMA ÜNAL

ABSTRACT Muscari neglectum Guss. Ex. Ten is both a vegetable and an ornamental, herbaceous perennial plant that grows in the Mediterranean region with attractive and scented blue colored flowers. It is rich in total phenolics, flavonoids, monomeric, and anthocyanin contents with high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In this species, germination, propagation and seed formation is difficult due to high seed dormancy. The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for rapid and efficient multiplication of this plant which is rich in medicinally important metabolites under in vitro conditions. Mass propagation of surface sterilized M. neglectum bulbs was achieved using 4 weeks cold stored bulbs by vertically slicing them in to four. Each quarter of the bulblets was used to obtain twin bulb scales. These were cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP+NAA. Single bulblet bud noted on MS medium without plant growth regulators used as control. Mean number of bulb buds per explant excluding control ranged 1.5-17.50. The bulblet regeneration percentage ranged from 33.33 to 100%. MS medium containing 8.88 µM BAP-10.74 µM NAA and 17.76 µM BAP-10.74 µM NAA induced 100% regeneration. Mean number of bulblets per explant ranged from 1.25 to 8.00 per explant with bulblet diameter of 0.10 to 0.30 cm. These bulblets grew in the form of laminal out growths without callusing. Maximum number of bulblets per explants was noted on MS medium containing 17.76 µM BAP+2.685 µM NAA. These bulblets had mean bulblet diameter of 0.25 - 0.30 cm. These bulblets post subculturing for eight weeks, increased their diameter in range of 0.31 to 0.48 cm. MS medium containing 8.88µM BAP+10.74µM NAA showed maximum increase in the bulblet diameter. Variable axillary regeneration in range of 25-100% was also noted on each concentration of plant growth regulators post sub culturing. Mean number of axillary bulblets on the mother explants ranged 1-3.04 with bulblet diameter of 0.12 to 0.30 cm. The largest axillary bulblets were noted on MS medium containing 8.88 µM BAP-10.74 µM NAA. Following 3-4 weeks, these bulblets induced spontaneous root initials variably. These developed into visible roots at the end of 8th week. In vitro cultured plants did not differ from normal plants growing in the wild and were uniform in their morphologic characteristics. A novel protocol for micropropagation of this plant has been established. It can be concluded that in vitro production of M. neglectum bulbs with significant medicinal value is more advantageous, compared to its propagation under wild conditions; where it takes 4 -5 years to grow to the desired size.

KEYWORDS Muscari neglectum, in vitro, clonal propagation, regeneration, rooting, acclimatization Corresponding Author: ÇİĞDEM ALEV ÖZEL, cigdemozel@gmail.com 1 1DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY EDUCATİON, FACULTY OF GAZİ EDUCATİON, GAZİ UNİVERSİTY 2 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, GAZİ UNİVERSİTY

1523

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1489

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF THYMUS SPP., LAVANDULA SPP. AND SALVIA SPP. 1

CEREN YAVUZ , SEVGI MARAKLI , TUBA YILDIRIM

ABSTRACT Many naturally occurring essential oils from medicinal plants and herbs have been shown to possess antimicrobial properties and could serve as antimicrobial agents against pathogens [1]. Herbs and their essential oils are the most efficient natural antimicrobial agents have long been used to traditional drug [2]. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of essential oils found in Thymus spp., Lavandula spp., Salvia spp. The essential oils of the these plants were produced by the Clevenger hydrodistillation method. Plant materials (50 g) with small pieces placed in a distillation apparatus with double distilled water and hydrodistilled for 3 h [3]. The antibacterial activities of plant essential oils were determined by disc diffusion method and were tested against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 70603, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076 and Proteus vulgaris ATCC 13315. Experiments were performed at three times. Consequently, some of the essential oil investigated in this study showed varying levels of antibacterial effects against the six bacteria. According to the results of disk diffusion method, the highest antibacterial effect was identified essential oil of Thymus spp., Lavandula spp. and Salvia spp., respectively. To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the all essential oil against the test bacteria, the essential oil of Thymus spp. was effective on all test microorganisms. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Salvia spp. against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be less effective than Salmonella enteritidis and Proteus vulgaris. Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant strains in the test bacteria.

KEYWORDS Essential oil, disc diffusion, antibacterial activities

Corresponding Author: CEREN YAVUZ, ceren.yavuz@amasya.edu.tr 1 AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1524

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1490

PLANTS FROM ASTERACEAE AND LAMIACEAE USED TRADITIONALLY AGAINST GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES IN TURKEY 1

MELTEM GÜLEÇ , SEÇIL YAZICI TÜTÜNIŞ , HAKAN BAĞRIAÇIK , NUR TAN

ABSTRACT Turkey is rich in medicinal plants and still need more research to explore its treasure. Medicinal plants and natural products are widely used by indigenous people. Historically developed ethnobotanical heritage should be protected for new generations and further studies. As known there are a large variety of plants used to manage different gastrointestinal problems; such as ulcers, gastritis, reflux, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hemorrhoids, intestinal parasites, loss of appetite, halitosis; in Turkey. This study aims to report the herbs of most used Families (Asteracea and Lamiaceae) among Turkish folk to treat gastrointestinal problems. Related studies were reviewed. Consequently 24 plants belonging to Asteraceae and 38 plants belonging to Lamiaceae have been identified (1, 2, 3). Literature studies on these plants have been carried out. Totally usages of 39 plants were consistent with previous literature (4). Due to the lack of literatural studies the purported medicinal usages of 15 plants cannot be confirmed. Usages of 8 plants are conflicting use of the information in the literature (4). This study might be useful for the researches about these species. 1) Sargın S.A., Akçiçek E., Selvi S., 2013. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of Alaşehir (Manisa) in Turkey. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 150, 860-874. 2) Tetik F., Civelek S., Cakiloglu U., 2013. Traditional uses of some medicinal plants in Malatya (Turkey). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 146, 331-346. 3) Bulut G., Tuzlacı E., 2009. Folk medicinal plants of Bayramiç (Çanakkale-Turkey). Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 19, 268-282. 4) Baytop T., 1984. Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul

KEYWORDS Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Gastrointestinal, Ethnobotany

Corresponding Author: MELTEM GÜLEÇ, meltemgulec@gmail.com 1 DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, ISTANBUL UNİVERSİTY, 34116 ISTANBUL

1525

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1491

SUGAR COMPOSITION IN THE ACHENES OF THREE MEDICINAL MATRICARIA L. (ASTERACEAE) TAXA 1

KEMAL VEHBI İMAMOĞLU , HÜSEYIN İNCEER , SEMA HAYIRLIOĞLU-AYAZ , MELAHAT ÖZCAN , FAIK AHMET 1 AYAZ

ABSTRACT Matricaria L. is a genus of the tribe Anthemideae of the famiy Asteraceae and it is mostly distributed in Europe, northern Africa, Macaronesia, western, south-western and central Asia, and western North America. This widespread distribution and the diversity of habitats, such as vacant lots, disturbed meadows, areas along roads and railroads, and waste and dry areas, in which Matricaria occurs may result in different adaptations to diverse environments. Soluble sugars vary in tissues and organs within and among taxa in the plant kingdom. They are essential to the maintenance of plantanimals interactions. In this respect, carbohydrate reserves in leaves, fruits and seeds etc. are potential food sources for organisms. In this study, we have investigated sugar composition in the fruits (achene or cypsela) of three Matricaria taxa (Matricaria aurea, M. chamomilla var. chamomilla and M. chamomilla var. recutita) for the first time in the literature. Soluble sugars in the achene samples (0.5 g) were separated and quantified. Fructose, glucose, sucrose and maltose were identified on chromatograms. Matricaria chamomilla L. var. recutita exhibited a higher fructose (1.39±0.12) and glucose (1.44±0.12) content, while M. aurea had lower fructose (0.33±0.02) and glucose (0.46±0.05) content. Matricaria aurea exhibited higher sucrose (5.07±0.89) content, while M. chamomilla var. recutita had lower sucrose (2.91±0.73) content. Matricaria aurea exhibited higher maltose (0.66±0.09) content, while M. chamomilla var. chamomilla had lower maltose (0.34±0.06) content. This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK Project No. 106T162).

KEYWORDS Matricaria, sugar, achene

Corresponding Author: KEMAL VEHBİ İMAMOĞLU, kvimamoglu@ktu.edu.tr 1 KARADENİZ TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCES, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, 61080 TRABZON 2 ARTVİN ÇORUH UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF FORESTRY DEPARTMENT OF FOREST ENGİNEERİNG, ARTVİN

1526

Poster Session 11 Submission ID: 1492

PHARMACOPOEIA AND MONOGRAPH ANALYSIS OF CYNARA SCOLYMUS (ARTICHOKE) 1

SEVDE ESRA SERT , DUYGU KAYA BILECENOĞLU

ABSTRACT Herbal monographs are guides that contain comprehensive information on the common names of plants used for medicinal treatment, their botanical properties, chemical compositions, geographical distributions, clinical characteristics, pharmacological properties, pharmacokinetic properties, indications, contraindications, safe use data, clinical research data, etc.. There are many sources that record the efficacy, quality criteria and safety of medicinal plants. Herbal medicines also have to be manufactured according to the principles of good manufacturing practices (GMP), as well as modern medicine. If the drug containing the correct characteristics of the correct plant source is supplied and used, it can be ensured that the effect of the produced drug is always the same. This is possible with standardization. The standards of pharmaceutical raw materials and auxiliary substances are registered in pharmacopoeias. Pharmacopoeia is the official book that defines the most accurate raw materials by the monographs which are constantly renewed by the specialist staff and that the pharmaceutical industry is obliged to comply with in the countries where it is valid. Cynara scolymus L. (Artichoke) is a plant species that is mostly grown in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey and consumed as food. It is used as an appetizer, urine and bile extractor in infusion (2-3 %) for medicinal purposes. Flowers of the plant carries no toxic compounds and thus are edible, while extracts prepared from fresh leaves are frequently used in liver diseases. Artichoke is also known today as an aphrodisiac. Artichoke has records in pharmacopoeia and monographs such as the worldly accepted European Pharmacopoeia, Martindale, ESCOP Monographs, Commission E monographs, French Pharmacopoeia. In this study, the features of the artichoke will be presented as appeared in the existing monographs.

KEYWORDS Cynara scolymus, artichoke, pharmacopoeia, monograph

Corresponding Author: SEVDE ESRA SERT, dyt.sevdeesrasert@gmail.com 1 ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ, AYDIN

1527

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1493

THE EFFECTS OF OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL SUPPLEMENTATION TO LAMB RATIONS ON SOME MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF LAMB MEAT 1

HALIT İMIK , SEVDA URÇAR GELEN , MERYEM AYDEMIR ATASEVER , RECEP GÜMÜŞ , HAYRUNNISA ÖZLÜ

ABSTRACT Although oregano essential oil has common use in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical and food sectors, information available on its effects on meat quality and shelf life, when incorporated into lamb feed rations, is scarce. This study, the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) in feed on the water activity, pH, lipid peroxidation, colour parameters and microbial counts of the Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) were investigated. The control group was fed on a basal ration and the OEO1 and OEO2 groups were fed on a basal ration added 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg oregano essential oil, respectively. Akkaraman lambs were fed on experimental rations for a period of 56 days and were slaughtered at the end of the fattening period. Meat quality parameters were investigated in the longissimus dorsi muscle of the slaughtered lambs. Lipid peroxidation of the MLD was significantly affected by storage time (ST), group (G) and ST*G, whilst pH was affected by ST. Lightness (L*) was significantly affected by ST, G and ST*G; redness (a*) by ST and G; and yellowness (b*) by ST and ST*G. The Micrococcus/Staphylococcus, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and total psychrophilic aerobic bacteria counts were significantly affected by ST, G and ST*G; Pseudomonas spp.counts by ST; and coliform bacterial counts by ST and ST*G. The antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of oregano essential oil were confirmed.

KEYWORDS Oregano essential oil, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Lamb, Meat quality

Corresponding Author: HAYRUNNİSA ÖZLÜ, hayrunnisa@atauni.edu.tr 1 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, HAYVAN BESLEME VE BESLENME HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI 2 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA HİJYENİ VE TEKNOLOJİSİ BÖLÜMÜ 3 CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, HAYVAN BESLEME VE BESLENME HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI 4 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1528

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1494

MEDICINAL PLANTS SOLD IN THE HERBAL MARKETS IN AĞRI 1

KADIRIYE URUÇ PARLAK , ÖZKAN SEVİM

ABSTRACT

As result of this research carried out to determine the plants which were used for medicinal aims by local people and sold in herbalists’ in Ağrı, local names of 85 species belonging to totally 42 families and medicinal uses were detected. The biggest 5 families in terms of their number of taxon were found as Lamiaceae (12 taxa), Asteraceae (9 taxa), Rosaceae (8 taxa), Apiaceae (6 taxa) and Poaceae (5 taxa), respectively. The most frequently used parts of the plants were found respectively as leaf (18 taxa), fruit (13 taxa), whole flower and plant (9 taxa each), seed and root (9 taxa each). Distribution of taxa to phytogeographical regions were as Euro-Siberian 11, Irano-Turanian 12, Mediterranean 6, and 56 taxa were found as multi-region or region-unknown. Ağrı local people generally used medicinal plants for cough, asthma, bronchitis, and influenza, digestive disorders and kidney stone and disorders. The most common use of plants was as tea.

KEYWORDS

Agri, Medicinal plants, Ethnobotany, Herbal markets

Corresponding Author: ÖZKAN SEVİM, ozkansevimsydv@gmail.com 1 AĞRI İBRAHİM ÇEÇEN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1529

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1495

STINGING NETTLE COMPOSITION AND EFFECTS ON DISEASES 1

ŞEYMA TEKE , RECEP PALAMUTOĞLU , CEMAL KASNAK

ABSTRACT Stinging nettle (Urticaceae) is a native plant that naturally grows throughout Anatolia. In Turkey, the most seen species is Urtica dioica. Stinging nettle (Urtica spp.) grows in border of field, road and forest naturally and has local names such as dızlağan, ağdalak, dalagan, ısırgı is annual or perennial herbaceous medicinal plant. Especially in the Black Sea Region, the plant is grows in a wide area and very rich in terms of chemical constituents and has been used as herbal medicine, food, fibber, colour agent and cosmetic for many centuries. Stinging nettle roots, body, leaves and seeds are used for this purpose. It has an important place in terms of its benefits over health and its protective role in certain diseases. Traditional therapy gains importance with antiinflammatory, antirheumatic, antidiabetic, antiviral, antioxidant effects and acute diuretic, natriuretic, hypotensive, cardiovascular effects etc. In this study, information will be given on the general characteristics of the stinging nettle plant, the components it contains, the areas of use, health implications and harmful effects will be compiled.

KEYWORDS Urtica dioica, Stinging nettle, medicinal plant, health

Corresponding Author: RECEP PALAMUTOĞLU, rpalamutoglu@aku.edu.tr 1 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1530

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1497

DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS IN SEMIARID FOREST AND AGRICULTURE LAND USES 1

EBRU GÜL , SABIT ERŞAHİN , MELDA DÖLARSLAN

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

In recent years, land degradation and decrease in biological productivity have made it necessary to take measures for combating desertification. This study was carried out in a semi-arid forest and agricultural area with a size of 1000 ha located in the Sarıkaya region of Yapraklı district, approximately 45 km north-east of Çankırı province. Environmentally sensitive areas (ESAs) in forests (pine and oak) and agricultural lands have been determined using the ‘Desertification Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe (DIS4ME)’ system developed for the Mediterranean countries. Soil samples were taken at 632 predetermined sites (252 from agricultural areas, 122 from oak forests and 258 from pine forests) and a desertification survey form was filled at each sampling site. ESAs sensitivity score types were calculated using the DIS4ME model system. Model calculated and field observed desertification risk values were compared to evaluate successes of DIS4ME. Significantly high correlation coefficient (r =0.88) was found between observed and scored values calculated with DIS4ME. The ESAs type sensitivity score surface maps were created for the entire study area and the corresponding land uses by geostatistical methods. The DIS4ME-calculated ESA type sensitivity scores values range from 1.18 to 1.61. The majority of the study area (597.29 ha) was categorized as fragile, and 370.61 ha in critical sensitivity class. The agricultural areas are more vulnerable to desertification than oak and pine forests, respectively. Land use change from forest to agriculture should be avoided to prevent further degradation of the study area.

Desertification, geostatistics, environmentally sensitive areas, semi-arid forests.

Corresponding Author: EBRU GÜL, ebru@karatekin.edu.tr 1 ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1531

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1499

INVESTIGATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS OF GENTIANA OLIVIERI IN THE CHRONIC UNPREDICTABLE STRESS MODEL OF DEPRESSION IN THE RAT 1

AHMET BERK , İSMET YILMAZ , NURETTIN ABACIOĞLU , MERVE GÖKŞIN KARAASLAN , EBRU KUYUMCU 2 2 SAVAN , MUSTAFA BAHADIR KAYMAZ

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Flowering herbs of Gentiana olivieri known with a local name as “Afat”, is traditionally been used in south-east Anatolia to combat some mental disorders including depression in the different regions of Turkey. The aim of this study is to investigate the antidepressant effects of G. olivieri ethanol extract and the possibility of synergistic interactions with imipramine in combinations of different doses on chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) -induced depression. MATERİAL AND METOD: Male Sprague dawley rats (n=8) were subjected to an experimental setting of CUS. The herbal extracts administered orally (1000 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) alone and in combination of imipramine (10 mg /kg) for 3 weeks during the CUS model; imipramine at 10 mg/kg/day given orally as a positive control. CUS-induced depression was examined by measuring serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) levels in brain tissue, changes in total body weight and serum corticosterone levels and the behavioral parameters of depression. RESULTS: Higher dose (1000 mg/kg) of G. olivieri and imipramine produced beneficial effects on the stressed rats by effectively improving CUS-induced low sucrose consumption, increasing brain serotonin and noradrenaline levels, reducing serum corticosterone and brain MAO-A levels in rats. G. olivieri at doses of 500 mg/kg also increased the brain serotonin levels on the stressed rats. There was no significant difference in body weight among the treatment groups. Our results also showed, unlike the positive control imipramine, G. olivieri did not affect the brain dopamine levels. The combination use of G. olivieri with imipramine did not show synergistic interactions. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the antidepressant effects of G. olivieri within a CUS model of depression and the mechanism of action might be attributed to its attenuating abnormalities in monoaminergic system functions in brain and improvement in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, although underlying mechanism still remains to be further elucidated.

KEYWORDS Antidepressant, Gentiana olivieri, Rat.

Corresponding Author: İSMET YILMAZ, ismetyilmaz44@hotmail.com 1 SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ELAZIĞ EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ 2 İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 YAKIN DOĞU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1532

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1500

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF A GEL CONTAINING NATURAL INGREDIENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CELLULITE 1

EBRU ALTUNTAŞ , BURCU ÖZKAN , GÜLGÜN YENER

ABSTRACT Cellulite is a cosmetically unacceptable problem that most women experience at some point in their lifetime. Cellulite, also called as edematous fibrosclerotic panniculopathy and local or gynoid lipodystrophy is characterized by irregular relief alterations to the skin surface of the affected areas, giving orange peel, cottage cheese, or mattress aspect. It is frequently found on the thighs and buttocks of women. Approximately 85–90 % of women over 20 years are believed to have some degree of cellulite. On the one hand, it has been recently described as a physiological condition aimed to maximize adipose retention in order to ensure adequate caloric availability during pregnancy and lactation, but cellulite is also a complex problem, involving several different factors and mechanisms, such as metabolic imbalances, alterations in connective tissue structure, genetic factors, inflammatory conditions, reduced microcirculation and hormonal factors. Regardless of the number of women affected by cellulite, only a limited number of studies have been published in the scientifi c literature so far, botanical derivatives being one of the main groups of evaluated compounds for its treatment. A multi-target/multi-component strategy has been recently recognized as one of the best approaches to counteract the main cellulitic symptoms and signs The objective of this study was to develop a stable gel type formulation including a variety of natural ingredients (Centella asiatica extract, Coleus forskohlii extract, Aesculus hippocastanum extract, Paullinia cupana oil, caffeine, L-Carnitine, alpha tocopherol) which can be considered as a cosmetic product and evaluate its anti-cellulite efficacy and safety against placebo with non-invasive biophysical techniques (Skin-ph-meter 900®, Corneometer® CM 825, Aramo TS skin diagnosis system, Laser Doppler flowmeter, Infrared thermometer), clinical assessments, a dermatological test and a subjective questionnaire over a period of four weeks. In this content, twenty female volunteers (ages: 18–65 yrs), affected by fat accumulations and/or slight-tomoderate edematous-fibrosclerotic panniculopathy in the lower limbs were selected for the study. The trial was conducted in a single-blind method with the comparison within subjects (each subject being its own control), and volunteers were required to apply the test products on the thigh twice a day, unilaterally, for a period of four consecutive weeks. They underwent two medical examinations, a baseline evaluation at T0 before the beginning of the test and an evaluation at the end of the treatment period T4.

KEYWORDS Cellulite, herbal ingredients, topical gel, cosmetic product

Corresponding Author: EBRU ALTUNTAŞ, ebru.altuntas@istanbul.edu.tr 1 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ 2 YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BİYOMÜHENDİSLİK BÖLÜMÜ

1533

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1502

THE IMPORTANCE OF MEDICINAL AROMATIC PLANTS IN PATIENT’S ANAMNESIS IN TERMS OF DENTISTRY 1

OLGUN TOPAL , BURCU GÜÇYETMEZ TOPAL

ABSTRACT The use of plants for medical treatment was started with the history of mankind, but nowadays, with the desire for returning into the nature, its use have become widespread. Due to the fact that these plants are natural, there is a strong belief that they have no harm. Since most patients using medicinal aromatic plants do not know their side effects and their interactions with other medicines; this information is ignored both by patients and dentists, while taking an anamnesis before the dental procedure. In this study, it is aimed to emphasize the importance of the use of medicinal aromatic plants by patients for various purposes in the anamnesis of dentistry, the possibility of observing possible side effects and the importance of unconscious use of these medicinal plants. Unconscious use of medicinal aromatic plants such as St. John’s Wort, garlic, ginger, ephedra, ginkgo, etc. for various purposes may result in mild findings such as nausea and vomiting, as well as cardiovascular, hematologic, allergic, psychiatric and neurological life threatening side effects. For the dentists, especially in cases of hemorrhagic surgical interventions to be performed under local or general anesthesia, this situation is very important and can lead to undesirable results during or after the procedure. They also pose a risk for drug interactions. Consequently, it comes out that, lack of communication and information between dentists and patients can lead to undesirable side effects which may be vital during dental treatments. Therefore, when the patients' anamnesis is taken, medicinal aromatic plants they use should be also questioned as well as the drugs they use. Dentists should be informed about the potential side effects of medicinal plants commonly used for healing, the public should be informed about this and the unconscious use of these plants should be avoided.

KEYWORDS Medicinal aromatic plants; Dentistry; Side effect

Corresponding Author: OLGUN TOPAL, dt.olguntopal@gmail.com 1 ISPARTA AĞIZ VE DİŞ SAĞLIĞI MERKEZİ (AĞIZ,DİŞ VE ÇENE CERRAHİSİ UZMANI) 2 SERBEST (UZMAN ÇOCUK DİŞ HEKİMİ)

1534

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1503

USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS IN SEAFOOD PRESERVATION 1

AYŞE ÖZYILMAZ , SEVIL DEMİRCİ , ŞÜKRAN ÇAKIR ARICA , ABDULLAH ÖKSÜZ , DILŞAT BOZDOĞAN 3 KONUŞKAN

ABSTRACT Essential oil is one of the many occuring compounds naturally founds in plants and find their application in pharmaceutical, sanitary, cosmetic, agricultural, and food industries. There is an increasing interest in natural products, intended not only to prevent some diseases, but also to prevent the deterioration of fats and other constituents of foodstuffs. Essential oils can be identified as natural food additives which can find useful application in food preservation. Some scientific studies either vitro or vivo have clearly shown that essential oils have some components such as carvacrol, pcymene, and c-terpinene which provide natural preservation effects in food. Among the essential oils, for example thyme and oregano essential oil, either by itself or with other combinations, oil has been tested for antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant effects for different types of seafood such as, anchovy, red porgy, gilthead sea bream, ready-to-eat squid rings, Mediterranean octopus, sea bream and Asian bass fish. Based on the data of all those previously reporting, results were found out to be very promising.

KEYWORDS seafood, essential oil, carvacrol, p-cymene, c-terpinene

Corresponding Author: AYŞE ÖZYILMAZ, aylaayse@gmail.com 1 ISKENDERUN TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DENİZ BİLİMLERİ VE TEKNOLOJİSİ FAKÜLTESİ, İSKENDERUNHATAY, TÜRKİYE 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ,,BESLENME VE DİYETETİK KONYA, TÜRKİYE 3 MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA BİLİMLERİ ,HATAY, TÜRKİYE

1535

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1506

ASSESSING THE ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS OF GENTIANA OLIVIERI IN THE FORCED SWIM TEST IN RATS 1

AHMET BERK , İSMET YILMAZ , NURETTIN ABACIOĞLU , MERVE GÖKŞIN KARAASLAN , EBRU KUYUMCU 2 2 SAVAN , MUSTAFA BAHADIR KAYMAZ

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether Gentiana olivieri herbal extrats in different doses exert antidepressant effects, and the possibility of synergistic interactions with imipramine in combinations of different doses in experimental animal models: the forced swimming test (FST), and the open field test. MATERİAL AND METOD: Male Sprague dawley rats were administered the ethanol extract of G. olivieri orally (1000 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) alone and in combination of imipramine (10 mg /kg) for 7 days before the FST. Imipramine was used as positive control in this study and the behavioral parameters were examined. RESULTS: The results showed that orally administration of the imipramine (10 mg/kg), ethanol extract of G. olivieri (200, 500 and 1000mg/kg) alone and in combinations of imipramine (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the duration of immobility in FST, which was not due to the alteration in the locomotor activity. G. olivieri did not show any synergistic interactions with imipramine. CONCLUSION: This study suggests some evidence of antidepressant therapeutic potential of G. olivieri.

KEYWORDS Forced swim test, Gentiana olivieri, Rat.

Corresponding Author: AHMET BERK, ahmet.berk@saglik.gov.tr 1 SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ELAZIĞ EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ 2 İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 YAKIN DOĞU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1536

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1507

THE ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITON OF HYPERICUM LYDIUM AND H. HYSSOPIFOLIUM VAR. ELONGATUM 1

MEHMET AKDENIZ , ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ , IŞIL AYDIN , MEHMET FIRAT , FIRAT AYDIN

ABSTRACT The genus Hypericum a member of Hypericaceae family, is represented by 100 taxa, 45 being endemic to Turkey. In Turkish folk medicine, the genus Hypericum is known as “sarı kantaron, kantaron, binbirdelik otu, mayasıl otu” and most of them, especially H. perforatum, have been used for the treatment of burns, wounds, hemorroids, diarrhea and ulcers. Aqueous extracts of the flowering aerial parts of the Hypericum species are used in the treatment of neuralgia, anxiety, neurosis and depression. The essential oil compositions of about 50 different Hypericum species have been identified in the previous studies. In this study, the essential oil contents of H. lydium and H. hyssopifolium var. elongatum was analyzed by GC-MS/FID. The dried aerial parts of species were cut into small pieces and subjected to hydrodistillation with water for 4 h, using a Clevenger-type apparatus to produce essential oils which were dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored at by dichloromethane (1:3, v/v) before the GC run. Identification of the compounds was based on the comparison of their retention times and mass spectra with those obtained from authentic samples and/or the NIST and Wiley spectra as well as the literature data. The major components of the essential oils were identified as α –pinen, caryophyllene, βeudesmene, α-silenene, β-elemene and caryophyllene oxide for H. lydium and β-ocimene, α –pinen, β– pinen, caryophyllene and germacrene D for H. hyssopifolium var. elongatum. Acknowledgements: “This work was supported by Research Fund of the Dicle University FEN.15.012 ”

KEYWORDS H. Lydium, H. hyssopifolium var. elongatum, Essential Oil, GC-MS/FID

Corresponding Author: FIRAT AYDIN, faydin@dicle.edu.tr 1 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY;DİYARBAKİR 2 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY,DİYARBAKİR 3 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR 4 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF EDUCATİON, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, VAN 5 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR

1537

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1508

RESEARCH REGARDING WITH COOKING VEGETABLE OIL CONSUMPTION HABITS OF STUDENTS 1

NURAN ERDEM , DIDEM ÖNAY DERİN , MEHTAP GÜRSOY

ABSTRACT This research is a situation determination and it was planned and executed for determining cooking vegetable oil consumption habits and frequencies of vocational higher education students. 360 students who attend 1. and 2. grades of Aksaray University Güzelyurt Vocational School form the universe of this research. (Total number of students who are enrolled to school is 550). Random sampling method was used in research and total 227 students consisting of 125 voluntary male student and 102 female students participated to study (participation rate is 63.06%) Research data were collected between October 2016- November 2016 by using questionnaire form. Questionnaire form consists of several questions for determining cooking vegetable oil consumption frequencies and habits of students and general information about students. SPSS package program was used for evaluation of data and necessary statistical analysis was made. Ages of students change between 17 and 38 and average age is 19.59±1.97 years. Average body weight of students who had participated to research is 63.20±11.71 kg, their average height is 169.19±8.70 cm, average Body Mass Index (BMI) is 21.99±3.08 kg/m2. It was determined that 61.7% of students mostly use sunflower seed oil. It was observed that Majority of students (77.5%) spread butter over bread more than half of them (56.4%) prefers food with normal oil. It was observed that Majority of students use sunflower seed oil (78.4%), butter (60.8%), and olive oil (51.1%), the sometimes consume margarine (47.1%), tail fat (45.9%), corn oil (%45.4), semi fluid margarine (65.2%), they never consume cotton seed oil (75.8%), canola seed oil (68.3%), hazelnut oil (63.0%), lard (%56.4). Consumption of oils which are sources of energy should not be avoided provided that they are balanced. Vegetable oils should be used alternately for getting omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids and awareness of people should be increased.

KEYWORDS Cooking vegetable oil, oil consumption, fatty acids, omega-3.

Corresponding Author: DİDEM ÖNAY DERİN, donay@selcuk.edu.tr 1 AKSARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GÜZELYURT MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, GIDA İŞLEME BÖLÜMÜ, AKSARAY 2 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ, KONYA 3 AKSARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GÜZELYURT MYO, BİTKİSEL VE HAYVANSAL ÜRETİM BÖLÜMÜ, BİTKİ KORUMA PROGRAMI, AKSARAY

1538

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1509

EVALUATION OF COLOR AND CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF PARSLEY, DILL, CORIANDER AND CHERVIL LEAVES SUBJECTED TO MICROWAVE AND NATURAL DRYING 1

İLKNUR ALIBAŞ , ASLIHAN YILMAZ

ABSTRACT Parsley, dill, coriander and chervil leaves, which weigh 20 ± 0.06 g with moisture of 83.70 ± 0.06%, 86.96 ± 0.10%, 82.05 ± 0.02% and 77.99 ± 0.01%, respectively, were subjected to microwave and natural drying. Drying continued until the moisture of parsley, dill, coriander and chervil leaves was decreased to 8.18 ± 0.01%, 8.39 ± 0.08%, 8.23 ±0.01% and 8.08 ± 0.06%, respectively. Drying trials in microwave drying were 900 and 400 W. Drying periods for parsley, dill, coriander and chervil leaves lasted for 11-23, 16-26, 18-30 and 12-22 min , respectively, at microwave drying. Moreover, the duration of natural drying trials for parsley, dill, coriander and chervil was 4.5, 3, 5.5 and 5 days, respectively. Energy consumption of parsley, dill, coriander and chervil leaves during 400 W and 900 W at microwave drying were measured as 0.153 - 0.165, 0.173 – 0.240, 0.200 – 0.270 and 0.147 – 0.180 kWh, respectively. Measured values of moisture were compared with predicted values obtained from five thin-layer equations. The best model was selected for each trial according to coefficient of determination (R2) as well as standard error of estimated (SEE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Chi-square (χ2). The highest R2 and the lowest SEE, RMSE and χ2 were used as the deciding factor in all thin layer equations. Hue angles of fresh parsley, dill, coriander and chervil leaves were 113.92, 107.73, 104,37 and 109.60, respectively. The best color parameters of parsley and dill leaves were determined for microwave drying at 900 W, while the worst color parameters were obtained for natural drying. Furthermore, the closest color parameters to fresh chervil were found in microwave drying at 400 W, whereas the furthest color parameters were determined in natural drying. Also, microwave drying at 900 W provided the best color parameters following fresh coriander, while microwave drying at 400 W gave the worst color parameters of coriander leaves. The highest chlorophyll concentration of parsley and chervil leaves was measured in microwave drying at 400 W unlike dill and coriander leaves in microwave drying at 900 W. Consequently, for all products, not only drying parameters such as drying period and energy consumption but also quality parameters related to color and chlorophyll concentration were used in decisive factors in choosing the best drying method.

KEYWORDS Chlorophyll, color, chervil, coriander, dill, microwave drying, natural drying, parsley.

Corresponding Author: İLKNUR ALİBAŞ, ialibas@uludag.edu.tr 1 ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1539

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1510

STANDARDIZATION OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS OF HERBAL MEDICINE AND AROMATIC PLANTS TRAINING IN TURKEY ÖMER ARSLAN KALAFATCILAR

ABSTRACT The aim of Herbal Medicine and Aromatic Plants Programs in universities of Turkey includes; 1. To prevent uncontrolled picking of plants and to prevent consumption of these special herbs and plants. This can be achieved by culture of plants in appropriate situations and standardization of procedures. 2. To provide hygienic circumstances and standardization of places where these herbs and plants are being sold. 3. To train members who can work with medical doctors and pharmacists to produce drugs from herbs and plants. Standardization of education programs in Herbal medicine and Aromatic Plants training, Turkey should be done to reach these purposes.

KEYWORDS Herbal medicine, aromatic plants, education

Corresponding Author: ÖMER ARSLAN KALAFATCILAR, oakalafatcilar@yahoo.com 1 CELAL BAYAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ALAŞEHİR MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, TIBBİ VE AROMATİK BİTKİLER PROGRAMI (EMEKLİ ÖĞRETİM ÜYESİ)

1540

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1511

EFFECT OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION (IMMUPLUS AFS) ON THE HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF ; FIRST FINDINGS. 1

FATIH MEHMET BIRDANE , DURMUŞ FATIH BAŞER

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical, hematologic and biochemical side effects of herbal mixture ImmuPlus AFS (Tinospora cordifolia, Withania ashwagandha, Emblica officinalis, Ocimum sanctum, Andrographis paniculata, Azadirachata indica, and Magnifera india) in newborn holstein calves (n: 22). Immuplus AFS were given daily at a dose of 0.05 gr / kg for 15 days starting from the day of birth. Clinical examinations were carried out daily by veterinarians. At the same time, on days 0, 7, and 20, some biochemical parameters and hematological examinations were performed on days 0 and 20. Although some differences were found in biochemical parameters, it was seen that it was within the normal accepted limits (some of them were ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, GGT, Urea, Total Biluribin, Direct Biluribin, Calcium, Phosphorus, Total Protein, CK, Glucose). In terms of measured serum and hematological values, Initial findings indicate that ImmuPlus is not an important side effects in newborn calves.

KEYWORDS Immune modulator, Tinospora cordifolia, Withania ashwagandha, Emblica officinalis, Ocimum sanctum, Andrographis paniculata, Azadirachata indica, Magnifera india, Calves.

Corresponding Author: DURMUŞ FATİH BAŞER, dfbaser@aku.edu.tr 1 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1541

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1512

HERBAL STORAGE MEDIA IN MAINTAINING THE VIABILITY OF AVULSED TEETH 1

BURCU GÜÇYETMEZ TOPAL , ZUHAL KIRZIOĞLU

ABSTRACT Dental traumas can be seen in various forms, such as crown fracture, root fracture or tooth avulsion. The avulsed teeth must be stored in a suitable environment in which the viability of the teeth can be maintained. Many natural and laboratory solutions have been used to maintain the viability of the avulsed teeth. There have also been studies in which some plants such as teas, medicinal aromatic plants, fruits, which are frequently used in the medical and pharmacological field, have been evaluated and found to be effective as a storage medium for the viability of avulsed teeth, as a result of the popularity of the natural products. In this study, it is aimed to review the easily accessible herbal storage media such as green tea, wild sage, coconut, red mulberry, rice, propolis, aloe vera in order to maintain the viability of the avulsed teeth.

KEYWORDS Medicinal Plants; Dentistry; Trauma

Corresponding Author: BURCU GÜÇYETMEZ TOPAL, dt.burcugucyetmez@hotmail.com 1 SERBEST (UZMAN ÇOCUK DİŞ HEKİMİ) 2 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ (PROF. DR.)

1542

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1513

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF SOME HYPERICUM SPECIES BY USING GC/MS 1

MEHMET AKDENIZ , ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ , IŞIL AYDIN , MUSTAFA ABDULLAH YILMAZ , YETER YEŞIL , HAMDI 6 1 TEMEL , FIRAT AYDIN

ABSTRACT Hypericum L. is a relatively large genus of the Hypericaceae family that includes about 484 species of trees, shrubs and herbs. Recently, a growing market niche for Hyperici herba products and thus an increasing demand for crude material have resulted in considerable research into the pharmacological activities of the Hypericum genus. Most of this research has focused on Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae), which is the most common and best known member of this genus and has been certified for marketing as a traditional medicine in many European countries. Although several other Hypericum species are also used as traditional medicinal plants to treat a variety of ailments, comparatively few studies have been reported for other members of the Hypericum genus. Hypericum lydium Boiss. (Hypericaceae) is a perennial herb that can reach a height of up to 60 cm and has yellow flowers and characteristic translucent glandular dots on the sepal margin Known in Turkish as sancı otu ("cramp herb") and mayasıl otu ("hemorrhoid herb"), H. lydium has traditionally been used in folk medicine to treat menstrual disorders, stomach pains, wounds, hemorrhoids and indigestion. In this study, the fatty acid composition of aerial parts and root of H. orientale, H. pruinatum, H. lysimachioides var. spathulatum and H. hyssopifolium var. elongatum were analyzed by GC-MS/FID. A hundred milligram of the petroleum ether extract was refluxed in 0.1 M KOH solution in 2 mL of methanol during 1h, the solution was cooled and 5 mL of water was added. The aqueous mixture was neutralized with 0.5 mL of HCl solution, it was extracted with diethyl ether: hexane (3.5: 1: 1 mL). The separating organic phase was washed with 10 mL water, and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. The solvent was evaporated in vacuum and then fatty acid methyl esters were obtained. The major components of the fatty acid composition were identified as arachidic and cis-13,16docosadienoic acids for H. orientale, stearic and cis-13,16-docosadienoic acids for H. pruinatum, H. lysimachioides var. spathulatum and H. hyssopifolium var. elongatum.

KEYWORDS Hypericum, Fatty acid, GC-MS, cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid Corresponding Author: FIRAT AYDIN, faydin@dicle.edu.tr 1 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR 2 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY, DİYARBAKIR 3 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR 4 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKIR 5 ISTANBUL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL BOTANY, 34116, ISTANBUL 6 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKIR

1543

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1515

EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY PROPERTIES OF MINT SAMPLES DRIED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES IN CARBON FIBER ASSISTED CABIN DRYER 1

SERPIL PEKDOĞAN GÖZTOK , HANDE ÖZGE GÜLER , ORHAN KAYA , MUTLU ÇEVIK , SERDAL SABANCI , ÖMER 1 3 FARUK ÇOKGEZME , FILIZ İÇIER

ABSTRACT Mint (Mentha piperita), a medicinal and aromatic plant, is rich in bioactive compounds. In addition to wet and dry production of mint, it is widely used as dried due to not be keeping fresh for long times. Drying temperatures in medical aromatic plants are important to maintain its aroma, etheric oil, total phenolic content, antioxidant activities and color properties. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different drying temperatures on the bioactive (total phenolic content, antioxidant activity) and color characteristics of the mint samples dried in the carbon fiber assisted cabinet dryer (CFCD), which has a heat source different from the dryers mentioned in open literature. For this purpose, mint samples were dried from initial moisture content of 81-83% to 10% in CFCD system at different drying temperatures (45, 50 and 55 ° C) with an air velocity of 0.8 m/ s. In order to determine the antioxidant activity, the EC50 value was taken into consideration which is determined by the DPPH radical reduction capacity method. L * value indicating the brightness of fresh and dry mint samples were found between 33.06 and 46.14, and a* values indicating green value were found between -7.04 and -1.08. It was also observed that as the temperature increased the green color (a* values) of the samples decreased. The brightness of samples were different than that of raw mint samples at the temperatures of 45°C and 50°C, statistically (p <0.05). Besides, it was determined that the total phenolic content (TPC), which was 103.16± 2.66 (mg/g dry matter) in raw material, decreased to 96.95± 2.8, 95.88± 1.65, 66.32± 3.09 mg / g drymatter for 45, 50, 55°C, respectively. It was found that the drying temperature has an effect on the antioxidant activity (AC) value in the dried samples; and the highest AC value was observed at 50° C It has been determined that the increase in temperature for the drying process of mint samples had negative effects on total phenolic, antioxidant activity and color values. It was recommended that the drying of the mint samples in CFCD should be conducted below 50°C.

KEYWORDS drying, mint, carbon fiber supported cabinet dryer, quality

Corresponding Author: MUTLU ÇEVİK, mutlucevik3538@hotmail.com 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANABİLİM DALI 2 MUNZUR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 3 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1544

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1517

THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LAVENDER 1

SARA YASEMIN , ASLIHAN OZKAYA , NEZIHE KOKSAL , BEKIR GOK

ABSTRACT Lavender, in the Lamiaceae family, is an aromatic shrub cultivated worldwide owing to lavender oil of commerce and is used as an ornamental plant. It is also traditionally believed to be antibacterial, antifungal, carminative, sedative, treat headaches, antidepressive, diabetes and effective for burns and insect bites. Plant nutrient requirement is essential for a healthy plant development and, obtaining high yields. Nitrogen is the most necessary element for the plant growth. In the present study we focused on determining the effects of different nitrogen treatments on plant growth and physiological parameters of lavender. For this purpose, 6 different nitrogen concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg l-1 N; NH4NO3) were treated to lavender plants. Root length, shoot height, number of branch, stem diameter, root collar diameter and dry and fresh weights of plant biomass were investigated as plant growth parameters. Leaf chlorophyll concentration (SPAD readings), relative water content and loss of turgidity were evaluated as physiological parameters. As a result, root length, thickness of stem and, root collar, fresh weight of shoot and, total plant, leaf chlorophyll concentration, relative water content and loss of turgidity were significantly affected by nitrogen treatments, statistically. It was determined that up to 200 mg l-1 N nitrogen levels could apply for fertilization of lavender plant in pot. Some adverse effects were observed related to growth parameters in 400 and 800 mg l-1 N treatments while the similar negative effects in terms of leaf chlorophyll concentration, relative water content and loss of turgidity were detected in 800 mg l-1 N. At the end of the study, some results were obtained which will form the basis for future studies to determine the requirement of plant nutrition in lavender plant.

KEYWORDS Nitrogen, lavender, plant development, plant physiology

Corresponding Author: NEZİHE KOKSAL, nkoksal@cu.edu.tr 1 UNİVERSİTY OF SİİRT, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTİCULTURE, KEZER, SİİRT, 2 UNİVERSİTY OF CUKUROVA, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTİCULTURE, BALCALI, ADANA, TURKEY

1545

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1518

ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF 5 ACHILLEA SPECIES BY GCFID-MS 1

MUSTAFA ABDULLAH YILMAZ , ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ , OĞUZ ÇAKIR , ENES ARICA , YILMAZ AYDIN , MEHMET 3 1 1 AKDENİZ , İSMAIL YENER , HAMDI TEMEL

ABSTRACT The genus Achillea L. belongs to Asteraceae (Compositae), which is the largest family of vascular plants and distributed throughout the world. Achillea is represented by more than 140 perennial herbaceous species worldwide and forty-seven species, 24 of which are endemic, grow in Turkey. Achillea species, commonly known as “yarrow”, have been used in folk medicine for thousands of years due to their numerous medicinal properties. Today, several therapeutic applications, such as anti-inflammatory, wound healing, spasmolytic and choleretic uses, are approved by scientific experimental results. In Turkey, various species of the genus are used in wound healing; abdominal pain; stomachache; symptomatic relief of colds, ulcer, and diarrhea; as diuretic; emmenagog; appetizer; carminative; and insecticidal agent. In this study, essential oil composition of 4 Achillea species (Achillea nobilis L., Achillea goniocephala Boiss. & Balansa, Achillea sintenisii Hub.-Mor., Achillea coarctata Poir.) growing in Turkey were investigated by GC-FID-MS. As a result of the GC analysis; eucalyptol, chrysanthenone, 1R-a-pinene, o-cymene, isoborneol and spathulenol were the main components of A. nobilis L.; eucalyptol, endo-borneol, (-)-camphor, piperitone, terpineol and 4-terpineol were the main components of A. goniocephala; Beta-eudesmol, piperitone, caryophyllene oxide and endo-borneol were the main components of A. sintenisii; 2-bornanone, eucalyptol, endo-borneol and viridiflorol were the main components of A. coarctata.

KEYWORDS Achillea, essential oil, GC-FID-MS

Corresponding Author: MUSTAFA ABDULLAH YILMAZ, mustafaabdullahyilmaz@gmail.com 1 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY FACULTY OF PHARMACY 2 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY FACULTY OF MEDİCİNE 3 THE COUNCİL OF FORENSİC MEDİCİNE, THE MİNİSTRY OF JUSTİCE

1546

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1519

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT METHODS IN MALE INFERTILITY 1

ŞENAY TOPUZ , İLKNUR MÜNEVVER GÖNENÇ

ABSTRACT Objective: Increasing infertility cases cause more and more people to try alternative treatment methods. Aim of In this study determining which alternative ways people tried in case of infertility due to man. Materials and Methods The data were scanned in the Turkish and English databases from the Ankara University Library by entering key words such as male infertility, complementary alternative medicine, infertility treatment. The articles from the last 10 years were evaluated. Results When studies are examined, it is seen that the use of CAM is increasing day by day in all of the world, the usage prevalence among women is higher but the prevalence of men infertility is high. When the studies are examined, it is seen that men try to lose weight with diet and exercise, Alcohol and smoking stopped in order to increase the number and quality of sperm.In randomized controlled trials with small groups, some studies of acupuncture, vitamin C, vitamin E, saffron and scrotal cooling suggested that a combination of coenzyme Q10, glutathione, Korean red ginseng, omega-3, selenium, zinc and folate and Menevit antioxidant supplementation had a positive effect But it is emphasized that there is no work at the level of evidence. In a very large rewiev study (scanning of textbooks between 815 and 1901) it was stated that 180 plant species were effective on the male reproductive system, but when it was shown that toxic effects were reached, 36 plants were reached and the common feature of these 36 plants was to increase libido . Some of these plants (Boswellia carterii, Chlorophytum borivanianum, Alternative viagra, Phyllanthus emblica, Withania somnifera, Black cumin, Ferula Assa-foetida, Crocus sativus (saffron), Commiphora mukul (guggul)) are recommended in the treatment of varicocele induced conditions. Studies done with selenium especially in infertility treatment are excessive. After selenium-rich diet, there was a decrease in sperm motility and thyroid hormone levels. However, there are studies that indicate that they have increased. While there are studies showing that acupuncture is effective, it is very limited for yoga. Conclusion: It is a fact that complementary and alternative medical practices have been used for men's sexuality and infertility treatment since the past, including many agents and pathways. However, evidence-based work is limited. For this reason, there is a need for evidence-based studies on large groups.

KEYWORDS infertility, male infertility, complemantary and alternative treatment

Corresponding Author: ŞENAY TOPUZ, senaytopuz@gmail.com 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

1547

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1520

PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPE SEED OIL AND THE EFFECTS ON HEALTHY LIFE NAZAN BALBABA

ABSTRACT Our country has an important share among other countries with regard to grape growing. Grape seeds are by-products of wine industry with fruit juice and molasses industry. Grape seeds contain fiber, oil, protein, carbohydrate, phenolic compounds and mineral substances. Grape seeds are quite rich in terms of the phytochemicals which contains. The phytochemicals provide protection from many diseases by strengthening the immune system. The amount of oil in grape seeds is between 1122% to varies with the cultivars. 90% of grape seed oil is composed of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The highest level of fatty acid is linoleic acid. This is followed by oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid, respectively. Which are rich in linoleic acid, grape seed oil, LDL (low density lipoprotein) as the cause of the fall is help protect cardiovascular health. Obtained by different methods and very useful for health of grape seed oil is also used in the cosmetic industry and aromatherapy. The amount of vitamin E found in grape seed oil is dependent on variety and environmental factors. Due to the high antioxidant effect of vitamin E has preservation of vascular health, Alzheimer's disease and cancer risk and therapeutical effects of tumors. Therefore, the use of grape seed oil has been suggested as anti-aging and for the prevention of chronic diseases.

KEYWORDS Grape seed oil, fatty acids, antioxidant, vitamin E, phytochemicals

Corresponding Author: NAZAN BALBABA, dogar@ksu.edu.tr 1 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ TÜRKOĞLU MYO, TIBBİ VE AROMATİK BİTKİLER PROGRAMI

1548

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1521

DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW PERFORMANCE TEST METHOD TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF HERBAL SHAMPOO FOR HAIR GRAYING 1

EBRU ALTUNTAŞ , BURCU ÖZKAN , FEDA DALO , GÜLGÜN YENER

ABSTRACT Hair is one of the most important components for the general appearance of each of us. Hair has been regarded as an expression of the personality and the social role for centuries. In many civilizations throughout history, hair has been mentioned positive attributes such as beauty and power. Today, everyone wants to get well-groomed hair without the gender difference. Hair graying, one of the leading hair problems, is associated with ageing and assessed negatively. The psychology of persons experiencing this problem is affected negatively and results in the decrease of confidence. The hair graying may occur due to factors such as heredity, thyroid problems and malnutrition. Hair graying is the whitening of hair as a result of the decrease of the colouring agent in the hair roots called melanin, which provides the hair its colour, the deceleration and even stagnation of its synthesis mechanism (1). When the melanin in the hair structure decreases, air sacs are formed instead of pigment that gives color to the hair and this condition leads to graying of the hair. One of the reasons that reduces melanin is the deficiency or lack of vitamin B. Disorders such as stress, depression, irritability, too much consumption of excessive sugary products, white flour products and animal nutritions are known to increase vitamin B deficiency. Animal nutritions make difficult of the absorption of vitamins due to causing excessive lipoidosis. All these factors lead to an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide that is known to be a major cause of hair graying in hair follicles. Air sacs accumulate from the roots towards the ends of the hair and the hair gets gray since the accumulated hydrogen peroxide at the hair roots prevent the melanogenesis mechanism (2). The hair cosmetic industry has undergone a revolutionary change over the last two decades. One of the new type of hair cosmetics is gradual hair dye. This is home-use product which give the desired color after several days of use. The product has to be applied daily on the hair strand till the desired shade is reached (3). The objective of this study was to develop a new method in order to measure coloring efficacy of an antigray shampoo containing natural ingredients. For this purpose, we developed an in-vitro performance test method to compare this product against a commercially available anti-gray shampoo (Alpecin Tuning shampoo). White Caucasian hair swatches were used for the test. To determine melanin content, color measurements were taken with Mexameter MX16 before washing process as a reference and after five washes. After color measurements with Mexameter MX16, photos were taken from the hair tresses for comparison.

KEYWORDS

Corresponding Author: BURCU ÖZKAN, burcu_ozkan93@hotmail.com 1 İSTANBUL ÜNİVER SİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ 2 YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BİYOMÜHENDİSLİK BÖLÜMÜ

1549

hair graying, cosmetic, anti-gray shampoo, topical

1550

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1523

UTILIZATION OF TARHANA HERB (ECHINOPHORA SIBTHORPIUNA) IN TARHANA PRODUCTION 1

AYLA SARI , ALI GÖNCÜ , ALI KEMALI ÖZUĞUR

ABSTRACT Tarhana is a nutritious food substance that is produced by mixing wheat products with yoghurt, some vegetables and spices, fermentation of both lactic acid and ethyl alcohol, and drying after fermentation to increase the storage time. Tarhanan's production pattern is similar to most countries and regions, but may vary in composition depending on tradition, custom and nutrition habits, as well as grain, legumes and vegetable varieties that vary from region to region. Tarhana herb is also used in some regions to provide flavor and aroma to tarhana. Tarhana otu (Echinophora sibthorpiuna) is a plant with yellow flowers, 20 to 45 cm in length and a perennial plant. A total of six species, three of which are endemic, are also known as tarhana otu, which is grown in Turkey, with the names "Çörtük", "Çördük" and "Turşu Otu". They are fresh or dried in the production of meat, pickles, helvardas, soups and tarhana. It is useful in the digestive system. Stomach is good for ulcers. It treats mental and psychological diseases. It gives positive results in asthma, bronchitis, hay fever, kidney stones, rheumatism and eczema treatments. In addition, they are also considered as drugs in the treatment of fungi. Due to the essential oils it contains, it has its own aromatic taste and is used as a flavor for this purpose in tarhans. They increase the amount of ash in the food that they are contributing to the nutritional value. In Tarhana, they are used between 0,5% and 1% of total tarhana dough mass.

KEYWORDS Tarhana, herb, çörtük.

Corresponding Author: ALİ GÖNCÜ, ali.goncu@adu.edu.tr 1 ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ÇİNE MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, GIDA İŞLEME BÖLÜMÜ, AYDIN.

1551

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1526

THE ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF HYPERICUM SCABRUM COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES 1

MEHMET AKDENİZ , FIRAT AYDIN , IŞIL AYDIN , MEHMET FIRAT , İSMAIL YENER , MUSTAFA ABDULLAH 5 6 6 7 YILMAZ , LEYLA BALUR , MEHMET VEYSI ÇAĞLAYAN , ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ

ABSTRACT Hypericum (Hypericaceae) is one of the 100 largest genera that comprise an estimated 22% of angiosperm diversity) with the presence of 484 species from 36 taxonomic sections. Hypericum species are wellknown healing agents in traditional medicine due to various medicinal properties. Despite the large number of Hypericum species, only Hypericum perforatum L. has been studied in depth as pharmaceutically important medicinal crop plant which extracts widely used in Europe as a drug for the treatment of mild and moderate depression. Turkey is an important prevalence centre of Hypericum species. According to the most recent count by Güner et al. (2012), there are a total 96 Hypericum species in the flora of Turkey, 46 of which are endemic. All Hypericum species have been used in Turkish folk medicine under the names ‘‘kantaron, peygamber çiçeği, kılıçotu, kanotu, kuzukıran and binbirdelik otu’’ as sedatives, antiseptics and antispasmodics. Curative value of Hypericum plants have been mainly attributed to the phytochemicals, namely phloroglucinol derivatives, naphthodianthrones, different phenolic compounds and essential oils which possess a great variety of bioactivities. In this study, the essential oil contents of H. scabrum collected from different was analyzed by GC-MS/FID. The dried aerial parts of H. scabrum species were cut into small pieces and subjected to hydrodistillation with water for 4 h, using a Clevenger-type apparatus to produce essential oils which were dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and sto required. The essential oils were diluted by dichloromethane (1:3, v/v) before the GC run. Identification of the compounds was based on the comparison of their retention times and mass spectra with those obtained from authentic samples and/or the NIST and Wiley spectra as well as the literature data. The samples collected from the four different localities these all shows similar varieties as essential oil content. But when we looked at α-pinen contents, the samples specially collected from Kahramanmaraş have quite higher α-pinen contents than the samples collected from Nevşehir, Van and Elazığ.

Corresponding Author: MEHMET AKDENİZ, mehmetakdeniz21@hotmail.com 1 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR,TURKEY 2 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR,TURKEY 3 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF EDUCATİON, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, VAN, TURKEY 4 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR,TURKEY 5 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKIR, 6 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR,TURKEY 7 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY, DİYARBAKIR, TURKEY

1552

KEYWORDS Hypericum scabrum, Essential Oil, GC-MS/FID

1553

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1527

NURSING STUDENTS USAGE STATUS AND OPINIONS ABOUT MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS 1

ALIYE ÇAYIR , HAMIDE AYGÖR

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Increase in diseases that are difficult to maintain and treat has been observed in parallel with the increase in human life span. The high cost of new technologies used in the treatment of these diseases, obscurity about current care and treatment methods and fears about possible side effects have significantly increased the tendency to use medical and aromatic plants. Turkey has a wide variety of medical aromatic plants and many medical and aromatic plants which have been used for the protection, maintenance of health and therapeutic purposes. Therefore this study was planned to determine the use of medicinal and aromatic plants by nursing students and their opinions on these plants. METHOD: This descriptive research was conducted at Necmettin Erbakan University in the spring semester of 2016-2017 academic year. The universe of the research consisted of 370 students who are in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th classes of Department of Nursing in Faculty of Health Sciences of Necmettin Erbakan University in 2016-2017 academic year. Sample selection was not made in the study and it was completed with 257 students who volunteered to participate in the survey. The research data were collected by a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions prepared by the researchers as a result of literature review. The data was analyzed with the use of percentage and mean. RESULTS: The average age of the students was 20±1.82, 80.2% of them were female, 61.5% of them resided in student residence and 90.7% of them did not have any chronic disease. 93% of the students stated that medicinal and aromatic plants are beneficial and 72.8% of them stated that they prefer the use of medicinal and aromatic plants when they are sick, and 84% of them stated that they use medicinal and aromatic plants with the advice of their mother, father or other elders in their families. The most common medicinal and aromatic plants used by the students were determined as linden (61.1%), mint (43.6) and sage (42.8%). It was found that 78.2% of the students stated that medical and aromatic plants strengthen the immune system, 86.4% of the students stated that sufficient research was needed to use these plants, 66.9% of the students stated that these plants increase motivation while studying, 73.5% of the students stated that these plants decrease the physicological stress in the classes and exams and 81.3% of the students stated that these plants can be used as sedative. CONCLUSION: It has been determined that students often use medicinal and aromatic plants with the advice of their elders. It is recommended to raise awareness of the community on such issues as getting recommendations from reliable sources for access to these plants and using them on appropriate criteria.

KEYWORDS Medical, aromatic, plants, nursing students Corresponding Author: ALİYE ÇAYIR, aliye.cyr@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

1554

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1528

USE OF SOLVENT-FREE MICROWAVE METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS 1

AYSUN YURDUNUSEVEN YILDIZ , HAKAN KARACA

ABSTRACT Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile compounds with strong odor that are extracted from different parts of plants, for example, leaves, peels, barks, flowers, buds, seeds, roots etc. So far, approximately 3000 essential oils have been discovered, about 300 of which are commercially important. Essential oil components are synthesized in plant by the secondary metabolisms and stored in glandular trichomes, oil cells or ducts in plant tissue. In general, essential oils are mixture of terpenes, aromatic compounds, and terpenoids. Essential oils have been widely used for bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, antiparasitical, insecticidal, medicinal, pharmaceutical, agricultural and food fields. The conventional methods for extraction of essential oil widely used by the industry are steam distillation, hydrodistillation and solvent extraction. These methods have various disadvantages which greatly effects the yield and quality of the essential oil. Although these methods have been used for many years for essential oils extraction, these applications have some disadvantages in the product such as losses of some volatile compounds, low extraction efficiency, possible toxic solvent residues and damage or alter the action of chemical structure of the bioactive compounds. Therefore, researchers are in search of new technologies, which use less solvent, time and energy. Recently several new techniques like supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, pressurized hot water extraction, membrane-assisted solvent extraction, solid-phase microextraction, solvent-free microwave extraction, microwave-assisted, and ultrasound-assisted extraction have been developed. Green extraction methods suggest the use of non-toxic solvents for more natural products. Among them, solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), have become a good option in research on essential oil extractions from plants. The advantages of using SFME are faster energy transfer, shorter time and more environmentally friendly compared to conventional extraction methods. SFME is a combination of microwave heating and dry distillation, performed at atmospheric pressure. In this method, plant material is placed into a microwave reactor, without addition of any solvents including water. Essential oil is evaporated by the in situ water of the plant material. A cooling system outside of the microwave oven condenses the distillate. In this review, a short theoretical background of SFME and the basic principles of the method have been presented. Finally, the potential of the SFME technique has been compared with conventional methods in terms of the extraction of essential oils from aromatic plants.

KEYWORDS Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), Essential oils, Green extraction

Corresponding Author: AYSUN YURDUNUSEVEN YILDIZ, ayurdunuseven@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1555

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1532

THE DPPH FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND ABTS CATION RADICAL DECOLORISATION ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF AERIAL PARTS AND ROOT OF HYPERICUM PERFORATUM COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES 1

MEHMET AKDENİZ , FIRAT AYDIN , IŞIL AYDIN , YETER YEŞİL , KEREM ŞENTÜRK , SERKAN YİĞİTKAN , 5 ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ

ABSTRACT Synthetic and natural antioxidants are of particularly importance in maintaining the oxidative stress level under the critical point in human organism. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies reported the antioxidant capacity of several species of medicinal plants, acts at cellular level, through cell growth stimulation, membrane potential stabilizing or at molecular level, through ROS scavenging, lipid peroxidation, etc. These roles have been attributed, in part, to their biological active constituents, such as liposoluble and watersoluble vitamins (E and C, respectively) and polyphenolic substances. As plants produce a significant amount of antioxidants to prevent oxidative stress, they represent a potential source of new compounds with antioxidant activity. Some of these plants are those of the Hypericum genus, (Clusiaceae Lindley, syn. Guttiferae A.L. de Jussieu). They include a large number of species distributed worldwide. Several of the botanical species belonging to the genus are used in folk medicine and among them Hypericum perforatum L., also named St. John’s Wort, is especially known as a traditional remedy for the treatment of melancholia, abdominal and urogenital pain and ulcerated bums. Over the last two decades, it has been demonstrated that H. perforatum is effective as an antidepressant, an antiviral, and an antimicrobial. The drug contains peculiar chemical constituents such as naphthodianthrones (hypericins), acylphloroglucinols (hyperforin), flavonol glycosides (quercetin derivatives) and biflavones and all the metabolites seem to contribute to its pharmacological activity. Current use of H. perforatum is mainly for the treatment of mild to moderate depression, and drug extracts for antidepressant applications have become increasingly popular. During the recent years, several phytochemical studies on other species of Hypericum have also been performed, leading to the isolation of new molecules, some having biological activity. The ethanol extracts of aerial parts and root of H. perferatum species collected from different localities (Nevşehir, Diyarbakır, Van, Kahramanmaraş and Siirt) were tested for antioxidant (DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ABTS cation radical decolorisation) activities in this study. Studied ten extracts were found quite on Corresponding Author: MEHMET AKDENİZ, mehmetakdeniz21@hotmail.com 1 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR,TURKEY 2 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTİCAL CHEMİSTRY, DİYARBAKİR,TURKEY 3 ISTANBUL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL BOTANY, 34116, ISTANBUL,TURKEY 4 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL TOXİCOLOGY, 21280 DİYARBAKIR,TURKEY 5 DİCLE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY, DİYARBAKIR, TURKEY

1556

active on used both two antioxidant activity methods. Also, it was determinated that collections from different localities of studied samples are very important for their antioxidant activity.

KEYWORDS Hypericum perferatum, DPPH, ABTS

1557

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1534

GUNDELIA (KENGER) SPECIES NATURALLY GROWN IN TURKEY AND USED FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES 1

EBRU YÜCE-BABACAN , RIDVAN POLAT , UĞUR ÇAKILCIOĞLU

ABSTRACT In Turkey, the naturally spreading Gundelia genus is represented by 3 varieties (Gundelia tournefortii L. var. tournefortii L. var. Freyn et Sint, var. tenuisecta Boiss.). With the studies made in recent years, 9 species belonging to this genus have been identified in Türkiye. Of these species, 7 are endemic (G. munzuriensis Vitek, Yüce & Ergin, G. dersim Vitek, Yüce & Ergin, G. vitekii Armagan, G. komagenensis Fırat, colemerikensis Fırat, G. cilicica Fırat ve G. anatolica Fırat) and 2 are new record (G. glabra Mill. ve G. rosea M.Hossain & Al-Taey) for Turkey. In this review, information is given about 9 Gundelia species which are naturally distributed in Turkey.

KEYWORDS Gundelia, kenger, endemic, Turkey, flora.

Corresponding Author: EBRU YÜCE-BABACAN, ebruyucee@yahoo.com 1 MUNZUR ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1558

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1535

USE OF THYME, BAY, PEPPERMINT AND ROSEMARY ESSENTIAL OILS AS NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS FOR FOOD PACKAGING 1

AYSUN YURDUNUSEVEN YILDIZ , HAKAN KARACA

ABSTRACT Aromatic plants are used since ancient times due to their flavor, preservative, and medicinal properties. Aromatic plants synthesize many compounds with complex molecular structures by their secondary metabolisms. These secondary metabolites are alkaloids, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, tanins, cumarins, glycosides, terpens and phenolic compounds. Essential oils are obtained from aromatic plants such as oregano, rosemary, thyme, lavender, or peppermint. Essential oils are natural, volatile and complex compounds characterized by a strong odor soluble in lipid and organic solvents. Essential oils have various bioactivities including antibacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant activities depending on the quality and quantity of their components. In general, essential oils have two or three major components in high concentrations and other components present in trace amounts. These major components of essential oils provide their biological activities. For instance, usually the main components in essential oils are carvacrol and thymol in thyme oil, 1,8-cineole in bay oil, menthol, menthone and menthofuran in peppermint oil and 1,8-cineole and α-pinene in rosemary oil. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), bay (Laurus nobilis L.), peppermint, (Mentha piperita L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) are generally used in dishes for their flavors. They are also among the most commonly investigated plants for their preventive properties against microbial and chemical deterioration. The number of studies showing the possibility of using essential oils in food systems to prevent the growth of foodborne bacteria and to extend the shelf life of the food. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils is mostly due to the presence of phenols, aldehydes, and alcohols. Essential oils affect the cell membrane of the pathogenic microorganism. The plants themselves or their extracts can be included into the formulation of food products. One of the main problems about using essential oils of the plants are their negative effects on the sensory properties of the product. In many cases, they make the food undesirable due to their dominant aroma. This problem can be overcome by using the essential oils in the food packaging material rather than including them directly to the formulation of the food. By this way, the release of the bioactive compounds in the essential oils can be controlled and products with acceptable sensory properties and extended shelf life can be obtained. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the studies concerning the food packaging applications including essential oils of aromatic plants.

KEYWORDS Food packaging, Essential oils, Aromatic plants

Corresponding Author: AYSUN YURDUNUSEVEN YILDIZ, ayurdunuseven@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1559

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1536

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF IBERIS HALOPHILA 1

ÖZCAN ŞİMŞEK , ALI YETGİN , KEREM CANLI , ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER

ABSTRACT Iberis halophila is rare endemic species in Central Turkey, so related research doesn’t exist. Antimicrobial activity was investigated against 17 bacteria and 1 fungi by using disk diffusion method. These microbial strains include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida geniuses. Twelve of them are standard species and they are important for exact determination of antimicrobial activity. 4.94, 9.87 and 19.74 mg samples were prepared by using ethanol extraction method. Also, bioactive composition of this sample was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library was used for mass spectra analysis. The results were presented that I. halophila has antibacterial activity against eight of the tested strain. Several active metabolites were identified, but some composition of this sample is not match with library. Unknown molecule should be analyzed by NMR spectra for 3d structure determination and identification. These results are the first report for the antimicrobial potential and chemical composition of I. halophila.

KEYWORDS Iberis halophila, endemic plant, antimicrobial activity, bioactive composition, ethanol extract

Corresponding Author: ÖZCAN ŞİMŞEK, ozcan.simsek@gmail.com 1 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, TR 06100, ANKARA, TURKEY 2 DEPARTMENT OF BİOTECHNOLOGY, INSTİTUTE OF ENGİNEERİNG AND SCİENCE, IZMİR INSTİTUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, IZMİR, TURKEY 3 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNİVERSİTY, IZMİR, TURKEY 4 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE AND ARTS, KASTAMONU UNİVERSİTY, TR 37150, KASTAMONU, TURKEY

1560

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1537

MUNZUR GARLIC (ALLIUM TUNCELIANUM (KOLLMANN) ÖZHATAY, B.MATHEW & SIRANECI) AND TRADITIONAL USE 1

EBRU YÜCE-BABACAN , RIDVAN POLAT , UĞUR ÇAKILCIOĞLU

ABSTRACT The most important feature of Munzur Garlic is that it is single-threaded or rarely twothreaded. It blooms in June and July. The garlic is collected by local people for use in their homes and marketting in August and September. It is traditionally used for food, medical and insect repellent. Munzur Garlic grows naturally on the slopes of Munzur Mountain, Tunceli /Pülümür, Erzincan and Sivas. The plant is under protection because of unconscious and excessive use. It is a kind of economic support to the people of the region when cultural studies are increased. In this review, we will be given information about the medical and economic value of Munzur garlic.

KEYWORDS Munzur, garlic, Allium tuncelianum, traditional use.

Corresponding Author: EBRU YÜCE-BABACAN, ebruyucee@yahoo.com 1 MUNZUR ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1561

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1538

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FRANKENIA HIRSUTA 1

ÖZCAN ŞİMŞEK , ALI YETGİN , KEREM CANLI , ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER

ABSTRACT Frankenia hirsuta is widely located in Turkey, but antimicrobial potential of it wasn’t determined. Broad range of microorganisms was used for this determination. By using disk diffusion method, 17 bacteria and 1 fungi susceptibility was analyzed and these microbial species are Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Escherichia coli CFAI, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13075, Salmonella infantis, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella typhimurium SL 1344, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus carnosus MC1.B, Staphylococcus epidermidis DSMZ 20044 and Streptococcus agalactiae DSMZ 6784. 0.77, 1.54 and 3.08 mg samples were prepared by using ethanol extraction method. Also, bioactive composition of this sample was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library was used for mass spectra analysis. The results were presented that F. hirsuta has antimicrobial activity against all of the studied study except E. aerogenes, E. coli. Two of them have high susceptible (higher than 15 mm); eleven of them have moderate susceptible (14-10 mm) and only three of them have low susceptible (9-7 mm). Several active metabolites were identified, but some composition of this sample is not match with library. Unknown molecule should be analysed by NMR spectra for 3d structure determination and identification. These results are the first report for the antimicrobial potential and chemical composition of F. hirsuta.

KEYWORDS Frankenia hirsuta, antimicrobial activity, bioactive composition, ethanol extract.

1562

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1540

QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) AS FUNCTIONAL FOODS 1

BELKIS TEKGÜLER , İLKAY KOCA , SEBIHA KITAN

ABSTRACT Quinoa is a plant crop in the Andean mountains in South America. Recently, there has been increased interest for the product in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Quinoa, which is called as Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in Amaranthaceae, is commonly mentioned as a pseudo-cereal. Both leaves and seeds of quinoa are used in human nutrition. Its leaves are consumed as a vegetable. Its seed is used like cereal crops, and can be milled into flour. Quinoa is an excellent example for functional food. The functional properties are originated from its proteins, antioxidants, fatty acids, minerals and vitamins. Quinoa has a high quality protein content and well-balanced amino acid composition. It is rich in lysine and methionine. Quinoa has not gluten. It is recommended for celiac patients because of its gluten-free nature. It is rich in saponins and antioxidants such as phenolics. Its composition particularly gives a strong contribution to human nutrition. It reduces the risk of various diseases. In this review, the functional potential and nutrient components of quinoa are discussed.

KEYWORDS Quinoa, functional food, celiac

Corresponding Author: İLKAY KOCA, itosun@omu.edu.tr 1 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, 55139, SAMSUN

1563

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1542

DETERMINATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF RANUNCULUS FICARIA 1

KEREM CANLI , ALI YETGİN , ILGAZ AKATA , ÖZCAN ŞİMŞEK , ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER

ABSTRACT Medical herbs have many bioactive component and they are used in microbial treatment since ancient time. Ranunculus ficaria one of them and it is important for folkloric medicine in Turkey. It is also called lesser celandine and it is native species of west Asia and Europe. Ranunculus ficaria investigation were applied against 17 bacteria and 1 fungi by using disk diffusion method. These microbial strains include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida geniuses. Twelve of them are standard species and they are important for exact determination of antimicrobial potential. Bioactive composition of this sample was also determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library was used for mass spectra analysis. 5.2, 10.4 and 13 mg samples were prepared by using ethanol extraction method. The results were presented R. ficaria has antimicrobial activity against nine tested species. Three of them have high susceptible (more than 15); three of them have moderate susceptible (14-10 mm) and three of them have low susceptible (9-7 mm). Several active metabolites were identified, but some composition of this sample is not match with library. Unknown molecule should be analyzed by NMR spectra for 3d structure determination and identification.

KEYWORDS Ranunculus ficaria, medicinal plant, antimicrobial activity, bioactive composition, ethanol extract

Corresponding Author: KEREM CANLI, biyoloji@gmail.com 1 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNİVERSİTY, IZMİR, TURKEY 2 DEPARTMENT OF BİOTECHNOLOGY, INSTİTUTE OF ENGİNEERİNG AND SCİENCE, IZMİR INSTİTUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, IZMİR, TURKEY 3 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, TR 06100, ANKARA, TURKEY 4 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE AND ARTS, KASTAMONU UNİVERSİTY, TR 37150, KASTAMONU, TURKEY

1564

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1543

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY SCREENING OF PLAGIOMNIUM ELATUM 1

KEREM CANLI , ALI YETGİN , ILGAZ AKATA , ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER

ABSTRACT In the East Asia, bryophytes are mostly used as economical purpose and their cultivation is applied in moss gardening. Although bryophytes antimicrobial potential is known, most of them are not determined. Bryophyte contain active substances which are significant for healing of pathogen infection. The antimicrobial activity of Plagiomnium elatum was investigated against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal species with disk diffusion method. These microbial strains include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida geniuses. Standard species is crucial for antimicrobial screening, therefore twelve of the tested microorganisms are selected form standard species. 0.34, 0.68 and 1.13 mg samples were acquired with ethanol extraction method. Our present study has shown that the ethanol extract of P. elatum has antimicrobial activity against nine of the studied strains. This analysis is the first report for the antimicrobial potential of P. elatum.

KEYWORDS Plagiomnium elatum, bryophyte, antimicrobial activity, disk diffusion method, ethanol extract

1565

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1544

SOME NATURAL PLANTS USED MEDICINALLY BY THE PUBLIC IN BOLVADIN, ÇAY AND SULTANDAĞI (AFYONKARAHISAR) 1

MUSTAFA KARGIOĞLU , NURGÜL GÜRBÜZ

ABSTRACT This oral presentation is on medicinal uses of natural plants spreading on districts of Afyonkarahisar: Bolvadin, Çay and Sultandağı, which are located in Inner-Western Aegean region of Turkey. The subject of this presentation is a part of our ongoing master's thesis in which we investigate traditional uses of natural plants in Afyonkarahisar. In our study we identified 50 plant species belonging to 20 plant families as medicinal and here we included some of them. For the study we interviewed with 57 people from 10 villages, 8 towns and 3 district centers. From these people, information on the uses of plants was obtained.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plants, Etnobotany, Bolvadin, Çay, Sultandağı

Corresponding Author: MUSTAFA KARGIOĞLU, kargi@aku.edu.tr 1 AFYON KOCATEPE UNİVERSİTY

1566

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1545

ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF FLAVOURED BAGGED TEA AND FLAVOURED ICE TEA 1

BELKIS TEKGÜLER , İLKAY KOCA

ABSTRACT Black and green tea are produced with aromatized or without aromatized. In our country, for flavoured tea production process, some aroma compounds like mint, bergamot, jasmine and lemon are used. In this study, the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of flavoured bagged tea and flavoured ice tea samples were analyzed. For this purpose, bagged tea samples, including 9 flavoured green and 5 flavoured black tea samples, and 15 flavoured ice tea which are ready to drink were evaluated. Total phenolics were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (as EC50) methods were used to analyze the antioxidant activity. In the bagged tea samples, the total phenolic contents were between 36.89 mg GAE/g (green tea with jasmine) and 88.29 mg GAE/g (green tea with bergamot), FRAP values were between 60.44 µmol Fe2+/g (black tea with bergamot) and 557.18 µmol Fe2+/g (green tea with jasmine). The lowest EC50 values were determined as 1.69 µg/µL for green tea with lemon, while the highest EC50 values were 104.25 µg/µL in black tea with bergamot. In the flavoured ice tea samples, the lowest total phenolic, FRAP and EC50 values were 170.81 mg GAE/L (ice tea with lemon-ginger), 279.43 µmol Fe2+/L (ice tea with lemon-ginger) and 5.45 µg/mL (ice tea with lemon), respectively. The highest total phenolic, FRAP and EC50 values were 872.06 mg GAE/L (lemon ice tea), 8445.08 µmol Fe2+/L (ice tea with lemon) and 86.85 µL/mL (ice tea with lemon-ginger), respectively. According to the results of the analysis, the consumption of flavoured bagged tea and flavoured ice tea contribute to the daily intake of antioxidants.

KEYWORDS Flavoured tea, ice tea, antioxidant, total phenolic

Corresponding Author: BELKIS TEKGÜLER, belkisg@omu.edu.tr 1 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, 55139, SAMSUN

1567

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1546

DETERMINATION SOME ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS SUPPLEMENTED WITH FREEZE-DRIED STRAWBERRY POWDER 1

CANSU TOPKAYA , FATMA IŞIK , FATMANUR BÜYÜKSARAÇ

ABSTRACT Strawberry fruits, namely Fragaria, is a member of the Rosacae family. The garden strawberry or modern commercial strawberry is also known as Fragaria×ananassa. Strawberries are popularly consumed not only in fresh and frozen forms but also as processed and derived products, including yogurts, beverages, jams, and jellies. Regarding their nutritional and phytochemical composition, strawberries are extremely rich fruit in bioactive compounds such as vitamins A, E, and C and dietary sources of phytochemicals, mainly represented by phenolic compounds. Strawberries have immune regulator, blood-sugar regulator, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects thanks to their phenolic content. Fresh consumption of these fruits provides a significant benefit to health. Different drying methods can be used in order to provide longer shelf life for fresh fruits and vegetables. Freezedrying is one of the best methods to dry fresh vulnerable fruits by protecting their nutrient value. Demand of processed foods, having functional property at least one, is increasing with urbanization. Bakery products have longer shelf life than other fresh foods, easy available and have many different sorts like cakes, breads, biscuits, crackers etc., including other basics protein such as milk, eggs, flour, for human body. Besides these products are so improvable with some other foods or compounds to obtain functional food. Since ancient times biscuit is one of the basic bakery products that is widelyconsumed by many people, among all ages, all over the world because wheat flour is one of the easy reachable materials to cook or to consume. Furthermore, biscuits have low humidity that is reason why has long shelf-life so it has a special place in human diet as snack food. Basic ingredients of biscuits are wheat flour, sugar, margarine, water or milk. It may contain trace amount salt, baking powder or any other ingredients depending on recipe or according to taste. The objective of this study to determine some organoleptic properties of biscuits which were fortified with freeze-dried strawberry. Biscuits were produced by replacing freeze-dried strawberry powder with wheat flour. Substitution rates of freeze-dried strawberry 4%, 8% and 12%. Color of biscuits were determined via HunterlabMiniScan XE. L (lightness) and b (yellowness) value were decreased by increasing ratio of freeze-dried strawberry powder. However, a (redness) value increased with ratio of freeze-dried strawberry powder. Color, smell, flavor, crunchiness and overall acceptance were evaluated by sensory panels. Sensory panel was done with participation of 32 people. The biscuits having 4% strawberry was more liked in terms of color and crispiness while control samples were more liked in terms of smell, taste and overall acceptance. The biscuits having 4% strawberry powder in the formulation were more liked than other added-biscuits when only added-biscuits were evaluated among themselves, in all criteria.

Corresponding Author: CANSU TOPKAYA, ctopkaya08@hotmail.com 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1568

KEYWORDS Strawberry, biscuit, functional food, sensory analysis

1569

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1548

DETERMINATION OF LAURUS NOBILIS L. FROM HATAY REGION BY TRIPLE QUAD GC/MS 1

MUSTAFA KEMAL SANGÜN , SEVGIN ÖZDERIN , GÜRAY KILINÇÇEKER

ABSTRACT Laurus nobilis L. is from the family of Lauraceae, which comprises numerous aromatic and medicinal plants (Hogg et al., 1974). Laurus nobilis L. is also known as sweet bay, bay laurel, Grecian laurel, true bay, and bay. The dried leaves are generally used in cooking, and the essential oil is used in the flavourings industry (Bauer and Garbe, 1985). Laurel essential oil, also called laurel leaf oil or sweet bay essential oil, is also used for the preparation of hair lotion due to its antidandruff activity and for the external treatment of psoriasis. Laurus nobilis L. fruits are generally utilized for the production of perfumed soaps and candle manufacture because of their fatty acid content (Hafizoglu and Reunanen, 1993). The essential oil of leaves has antibacterial, antimicrobial properties and a potential natural agent for breast cancer therapy. (Ozcan and Erkmen, 2001, ). Different studies made on the essential oil show influence of the area of culture, of variety and harvest season on the chemical composition (Flamini et al., 2007). 1.8-Cineole has been identified as the major component of many plant essential oil as well as Laurus nobilis L. (Sangun et al., 2007). Laurus nobilis L. leaves were harvested in October 2015 respectively from Antakya, Hatay region. Air-dried leaves were related to water distillation for 4 hr using a Clevenger-type apparatus to produce the essential oils. The oils were dried over anhydrous CaCl2 and stored in sealed vials at low temperature in refrigerator before analysis. The essential oils were analysed by triple quad GC-MS using Agilent (7000 series) and compared with GC-MS Hewlett Packard GCD (model 6890) and (model 5972) equipped with a mass selective detector (MSD). In this study, the composition of the essential oil from the leaves has high content of 1.8-Cineole, Sabinene and α-Terpinyl acetate, but a low content of α -Pinene, α Phellandrene and trans-β-osimen. 1.8-Cineole was found major component of the leaves essential oil obtained from Laurus nobilis L.

KEYWORDS Laurus nobilis L., Essential oil, Triple Quad GC/MS, Antakya-Hatay, Turkey

Corresponding Author: MUSTAFA KEMAL SANGÜN, ksangun@gmail.com 1 MUSTAFA KEMAL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE & ARTS, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT, 31024, HATAY. 2 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN UNİVERSİTY, TRÜF APPLİCATİON AND RESEARCH CENTER, MUĞLA. 3 ÇUKUROVA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE&ARTS, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT, 01330, ADANA.

1570

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1549

PLACE OF MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS ORGANIC AGRICULTURE 1

HÜLYA SAYĞI , NURGÜL TÜREMİŞ , MEHTAP BAYKAL , AYHAN SAYĞI , CELAL ERBAŞ

ABSTRACT Production is the process of shaping nature in order to meet people's needs. Natural resources used unconsciously in eliminating the needs in this process caused irreparable devastation in the balance of nature. As in all areas, the agricultural production process, in which all of its activities are carried out in accordance with the nature, has suffered great damage to nature. In this process, negative impacts on human and environmental health of chemical plant protection inputs used unconsciously in agriculture to increase production led to the search for new plant protection products alternative to these inputs. Medicinal and aromatic plants, which find use in the food and cosmetic industry in a multifaceted way in coordination with the medical and pharmaceutical industries, also have an important potential in combating diseases and pests. Pyrethrum, Artemisia, Mentha, Thymus, Salvia, Origanum, Ocimum, Urtica, Melissa essential oils and extracts are harmful to organic farming with herbal medicines such as azadirachtin, nicotine, pyrethrum, rotenone, allethrin, sabadilla and ryania and some medicinal and aromatic plant species. Can be used against the fight against. Allelopathic effects of secondary metabolites produced by medicinal and aromatic plants in weed control can also be utilized. However, repellent, deterrent and antifeedant properties of these secondary compounds are now seen as an advantage for organic farming. It is stated that plants belonging to the family Lamiaceae, which contain plants with economical prescriptions such as lavender, mint, sage, thyme, reyhan, are the plants most commonly used for plant disease pest and weed control. The major producers of lavender in the world are England and France. France's Provençal region accounts for 60% of its production. A few years ago, the disease that took place in lavender fields reduced production to half. Bulgarian producers have increased their production at this point, and Bulgaria is known as the 'new lavender sovereignty'. In recent years, the effects of synthetic pesticides used in our country and in the world have come to the fore to negative effects on human beings, people and animals, and alternative methods for combating agricultural pests have begun to be preferred. Considering the developments in organic farming in particular, chemical products based on vegetable origin which are friendly to the environment have been preferred instead of chemical products. These can be in various forms, such as unprocessed plant materials, plant extracts, and pure compounds isolated from plants. Lavender plantation is being done intensely in and around Isparta province in Turkey, but it can not meet the needs of the country. It has been observed that root leaves, hulls and extracts of lavender are preventing germination and seedling formation of some weeds. In addition, medicinal and aromatic plants are potential plants that can be taken into alternative sowing seasons, and the extracts and essential oils obtained from these plants can be used to fight against some insects. In the long run, this great mistake was made when most of the people began to suffer from the consequences of this destruction. Now a new and vital constraint has emerged. This is the natural Corresponding Author: HÜLYA SAYĞI, husaygi@gmail.com 1 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ YUMURTALIK MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 2 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ

1571

balance that must be observed in the production process. The solution to this important problem is the sustainable production philosophy based on the understanding that production can be done by protecting nature.

KEYWORDS Medical plants, Organic agriculture, Lavender, Allelopathy, Fields of application

1572

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1550

THE IMPORTANT MEDICAL PLANTS CONSUMED AS FOOD IN THE CENTRAL ANATOLIAN REGION ASUMAN KAN

ABSTRACT Human being have been using the medicinal plants grown in the environment in food, medicine, feed, fuel and handicrafts since they exist. The most important place among these plants is the medicinal plants. Information on the use of medicinal plants for food and medicine is transmitted from generations to generations. Our country is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of its diversity of medicinal plants due to its geographical position and climate conditions. It is known that the Central Anatolia region in Turkey is the region with the most endemic plant species with about 50%. The collected of various edible medicinal plants from Anatolia and their consumption as food plays an important role in the healthy life cycle of rural areas. Edible plants also have endemic medical plants. The medicinal plants consumed by the people of Central Anatolia as food within the nutritional system based on carbohydrates such as oat, wheat, and tarhana which are mainly cereals constitute an important place. Important medicinal plants that can be cooked and renewed in the Central Anatolian Region are Malva sylvestris, Rumex patientia, Urtica dioica , Polygonum cognatum, Ferula elaeochytris and Asparagus acutifolius. The phenolic compounds contained in these plants are rich in protein, A, C and E vitamins, nutritional fibers, mineral substances and essential fatty acids, thus increasing their potential for use as vegetables in our daily diet. In the face of the nutritional problems that arise in our country, it is necessary to transfer the generations of the medicinal plants, which are extremely important in terms of healthy and balanced nutrition consumed for food, and to protect them as cultural identity.

KEYWORDS Central Anatolia, Edible Medicinal Plants, Food, Diet

Corresponding Author: ASUMAN KAN, asumankan42@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TEKNİK BİLİMLER MES. YÜK. OKULU, GIDA İŞLEME BÖLÜMÜ

1573

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1552

FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF RICE BRAN 1

RACIYE MERAL , BURCU ERTÜRK

ABSTRACT

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal product in the developing world especially Asian countries and it is the staple food of over half the world's population. It is grown in more than 100 countries and there are around 18,000 varieties accounting for about 25% of the world’s food grain production. About 610 million metric tons of rice are produced annually in recent years. More than half of the production belongs to Asian countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Thailand. One of the major by-products is rice bran which is accounted for 8% of milled rice. Rice bran is a waste product in the milling process and obtained when it is removed from the starchy endosperm in the rice milling process. Rice bran is a source of proteins, oil, nutrients, and calories.It is high in oil content (15–25%), has a low moisture content (6–7%) and possesses a powdery consistency. it has been used as a feedstock and has the potential to be used as a food ingredient and oil source. Rice bran, which was earlier used primarily as animal feed, is now finding major application in the form of rice bran oil. India and Thailand have been the most successful countries in rice bran oil production. Rice bran has several unique properties. One such feature is the presence of significant levels of minor-elements such as oryzanol, tocotrienol and phytosterols that have a large nutraceutical application. It is a rich natural source of vitamin E, containing up to 300 mg/kg. The major components of vitamin E in rice bran are, γ-tocopherol, and γ-tocotrienol. Rice bran also contains about 3000 mg/kg γ-oryzanol. The studies confirm that rice bran has more than 20% dietary fibre and it is also an excellent source of protein, minerals, unsaturated fat and vitamins. Rice bran protein is higher in lysine content than rice endosperm protein and other cereal bran proteins. Rice bran has great potential in food applications, especially in development of functional foods. They are used in the production of healthy products. Several studies reported the minor components of the rice bran such as gamma oryzanol, phytosterols and other phytosterol conjugates have antioxidant property against the free radicals. Rice bran contains large concentrations of several compounds and has the potential to prevent a range of chronic diseases. It is believed that rice bran serves as an important functional food that has cholesterol lowering properties, cardiovascular health benefits and anti-tumor activity. The gamma oryzanol of rice bran reduced a prominent amount of elevated serum levels in hypothyroid patients. Rice bran fractions prevent high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia.

KEYWORDS Rice, rice bran, oryzanol

Corresponding Author: RACİYE MERAL, raciyemeral@yyu.edu.tr 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1574

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1553

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC PROFILES OF GRAPE SEED 1

RACIYE MERAL , BURCU ERTÜRK

ABSTRACT

Grape (Vitis vinifera) is one of the world's largest fruit crops, which approximates an annual production of 58 million metric tons. Grapes (Vitis vinifera) have been used for their medicinal and nutritional value for thousands of years. Grape seed extract has an incredible antioxidant potential with its flavonoid phytonutrients. These polyphenols include resveratrol and unique oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes. Grape seeds are a rich source of (+)-catechins, (−)-epicatechin and (−)epicatechin-3-O-gallate, and dimeric, trimeric and tetrameric procyanidin. There are antimutagenic and antiviral agents of these compounds and these compounds prevent cardiovascular diseases. Today, standardized extracts of grape seed may be used to treat a range of health problems related to free radical damage, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Recognition of such health benefits of catechins and procyanidins has led to the use of grape seed extract as a dietary supplement. Studies have been reported of the procyanidin composition of grape seeds. Grape seed extract may help with a type of poor circulation and high cholesterol. Grape seed extract also reduces swelling caused by injury and helps with eye disease related to diabetes.Many people are interested in grape seed extract because it contains antioxidants.There are several studies reported grape seed may be alternative to synthetic antioxidants. It was determined grape seed promote oxidative stability of cooked meats and fish filets. Acccording to another study the addition of grape seed improved the rheological properties by increasing dough development time and stability of the dough. The results obtained from this study indicate that grape seed can be successfully used in the bread formulae both to improve rheological properties of the dough and to increase antioxidant activity of the bread. In this study, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and phenolic composition of grape seed were determined. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical-scavenging assay and TEAC assay. Vitamin C and BHT were used as positive control. DPPH scavenging activity of grape seed was 93 % at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. This value is comparable with vitamin C and higher than BHT. TEAC value was calculated as 490 μmol µmol Trolox. TPC was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and results were expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) in mg/100 g material. The result of the analysis showed that grape seed has phenolic content of 87 mg/100 GAE. HPLC analysis demonstrated grape seed included 9.4 mg/100g gallic acid, 160 mg/100g catechin, 2.20 mg/100g ferulic acid, 4.60 mg/ 100g rutin, 2.30 mg/100g o-coumaric acid, 1.20 mg/100g p-coumaric acid, 0.80 mg/ 100 g quercetin.

KEYWORDS Grape seed, antioxidant activity, pheolics Corresponding Author: RACİYE MERAL, raciyemeral@yyu.edu.tr 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1575

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1554

EFFECT OF SINAPIC ACID ON SOME METASTASIS GENES IN LNCAP HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER CELL LINE 1

CANAN EROĞLU , ERCAN KURAR , EBRU AVCI , HASIBE VURAL

ABSTRACT Prostate cancer is also an important disease in terms of chemopreventive strategies due to late age of onset, slow progression, high incidence, identified preneoplastic lesions, and risk groups. A result of the studies demonstrating that synthetic antioxidants can be toxic and carcinogenic, public interest in fruits, vegetables, spices and herbal drugs that are sources of natural antioxidants has increased. Phenolic compounds found in foods are usually identified as inhibitors and potential antioxidants of harmful oxidative processes related to cancer and anti-inflammatory diseases. Sinapic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid), is a phenolic compound and found in various vegetables (potato and artichoke etc.) and fruit (apples, cherries, strawberries and plums etc.) species, is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid. The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-metastatic effect of sinapic acid, in the LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Cytotoxic effect of sinapic acid was determined by using XTT assay. Total RNA isolation of control and dose groups (IC50 dose of sinapic acid) was conducted using TRIzol Reagent. Expressions of important genes in metastasis including MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1, TIMP2, CDH1 and CDH2 were investigated in the control and the dose groups by qPCR. IC50 dose of sinapic acid was detected as 1 mM for 72h in LNCaP cells. According to qPCR results, significant decreases in the expressions of CDH2, MMP2 and MMP9 genes were determined as 3.23, 3.25 and 2.92 folds, respectively, compared with the control group cells. It is thought that sinapic acid demonstrates antimetastatic activity by regulating expression of important genes in metastasis on LNCaP cells. Furthermore, more detailed studies should be conduct to illuminate molecular mechanism of antimetastatic activity of sinapic acid on prostate cancer. Financially supported by N.E.U. Scientific Research Projects (BAP #151218023).

KEYWORDS LNCaP cells, Metastasis, Sinapic acid.

Corresponding Author: CANAN EROĞLU, cananeroglu88@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN UNİVERSİTY

1576

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1555

COMPOSITIONS AND HEALTH BENEFITS OF POMEGRANATE PRODUCTS 1

EMINE ERDAĞ , VILDAN UYLAŞER

ABSTRACT Pomegranate is a fruit that use for traditional treatment methods among society where is homeland Asia minor. It is also known since ancient times and including in many sacred book. As it consumed fresh, also used anyway like pomegranate juice, pomegranate juice concentrate, as color an flavoring agent in various nutrient; by proccessing the wine, liquer and vinegar; as dehydrated , which fruit is produced widely in Turkey. Some studies are reported that pomegranate pruducts change in some blood value ( like HDL, LDL and cholestrol ), prevent the prostate cancer, be effective with Alzheimer and increase sperm quality in male patients. Especially phenolic component content of pomegranate products are very effective in preventing the occurrence some disease, causing premature deaths, like cancer, vein and hearth disorders. This article provided information on the content of pomegranate and pomegranates products and it’s utility to human health.

KEYWORDS Pomegranate, pomegranate juice, pomegranate products, antioxidant, polyphenol

Corresponding Author: EMİNE ERDAĞ, emineerdg@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1577

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1558

NIGELLA SATIVA AND ITS EFFECT ON THE HEALTH 1

MEKIYE ÖNCÜ , BÜŞRA BEKAR , EZGI TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALI EMRAH BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT Nigella Sativa,known one of three species of the genus Nigella from the plant family Ranuncula, is one of frequently consumed plants and has a rich historical past. It generally grows in West Asia, Middle East and Europe in the world and around Konya in Turkey. It has been used as protective and flavoring for long years. The active components of the plant take place in the seeds of Nigella sativa. In the recent years, in both our country and Middle East, it has become one of the popular spices of alternative medicine. Since it is believed that it showed positive effects on health in Middle East countries, it is also known as blessed seed. Thymoquinone, among active components of Nigella sativa, is important in terms of its effects on health.. AIM:. With this study, it was aimed to compile the studies examining the effects of Nigella sativa on health RESULTS: Some in vivo and in vitro studies carried out suggest that the active components in the seed of Nigella sativa showed effectivity inhibiting tumor formation. In the studies examining the effect of Thymoquinone, one of the active components of Nigella sativa on cancer cultures, in similar way, was showed that the growth of cancerous cell was reduced. But, there are also some studies showing that a significant effect was not provided. In a number studies carried out, it was seen that the seed of Nigella sativa provided positive effect on immune system and it was met its inhibitor effect on allergy formation and inflammation process. In a number of similar studies, it was claimed that the use of fat of Nigella sativa on allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and atopic asthma may have positive effects. In addition, it was reported that it may make contribution to controlling hypertension, providing diuretic effect. In the studies examining its antibacterial effect, it was revealed that it frequently showed protective effect against many species of bacteria such as .coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus. In a number of studies carried out on the individuals with Type 2 diabetics, it was identified that Thymoquinone among the components of Nigella sativa significantly reduced HbA1C and also with antioxidative effect, its protective effect against neuronal damage was met. But there are some studies suggesting that it did not show positive effects on diabetics. Although Anticonvulsant effects of use of Epilepside Thymoquinone are met, there are no numerous supportive studies. CONCLUSION: Current literature data related to the Nigella sativa concentrated on antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, immune system supportive, and hyper glycaemia reductive effects and its positive effects were frequently met. But the studies carried out are frequently based on the administration of Nigella sativa as supplement, the amount of daily consumption is not clear. Any adverse effect regarding its use in high doses were not reported. But since its long term effects are not completely known, consumption in high quantity should be avoided and comprehensive studies on the subject should be carried out. Keywords: Nigella sativa, health, thymoquinone

Corresponding Author: MEKİYE ÖNCÜ, Dyt.mekiyeoncu@hotmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1578

KEYWORDS Keywords: Nigella sativa, diet, health, thymoquinone

1579

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1560

ELLAGIC ACID 1

FATMA GÖNÜL SOLMAZ , ERKAN YALÇIN

ABSTRACT ELLAGIC ACID Fatma Gönül SOLMAZ, Erkan YALÇIN Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, 55139 Samsun, Turkey E-mail: gonul.solmaz@omu.edu.tr ABSTRACT Ellagic Acid (EA, 2,3,7,8-tetrahidroksi-chromeno; C14H6O8) has been characterized as a natural dimeric derivative of gallic acid. It is found in various fruit and vegetables including strawberry, mulberry, pomegranate and walnut. Ellagic Acid, which is a phenological plant compound, has been studied extensively in various experimental cancer models. Besides a decrease in the incidence of chemically induced lung, small intestine, breast and esophagus tumors, decreases have been observed in rat esophagus tumors, chemically induced mutagenesis and tumor diversity. Ellagic Acid can be observed in different tissue and cells of mammals, such as liver, endothelial cells, immune cells, kidney and lung and it is also an anti-inflammatory agent and antioxidant. As a result of the assessment of the effects of ellagic acid on rat C6 glioma cell cultures when two dimensional culture models are used, it was found that ellagic acid decreased tumor cell viability, caused impairment in cell structure and inhibited cell proliferation. Ellagic Acid also heals oxidative damage following renal ischemia/reperfusion damage and histopathological changes that occur. In another study conducted in 2006, it was found that in patients who drank a glass of (200-250 ml) pomegranate a day following radiotherapy or surgery, the doubling period of PSA increased to 54 weeks from 15 weeks. Pomegranate juice contains polyphenols, gallotannins and anthocyanin and it has been reported to prevent prostate cancer in vitro. In our country, compounds, which are obtained from flowers, leaves, shells or other parts of various plants through different methods, are used in the treatment of almost all kinds of diseases from cancer to diabetes. For a molecule to be a drug, first of all there should be a hypothesis which predicts it can be useful in a specific disease or a symptom. According to the results of all these studies, ellagic acid is a healing compound with antioxidant effects and it prevents cell proliferation. With these properties, it is in line to become a drug. Aspirin, which is well known today (active ingredient, acetylsalicylic acid) was discovered with the observation that shells of willow tree reduced fever. Accordingly, fruit such as pomegranate, mulberry, raspberry and strawberry, which are distributed in our country with a rich flora, should be assessed effectively in terms of ellagic acid active ingredient. Ethnobotany studies should be stepped up in our country. Biologists, pharmacologists and pharmacists should assess the results obtained and their contributions to both the field of health and to the economy of the county should be increased by making the necessary attempts about the subject.

KEYWORDS ellagic acid, pomegranate Corresponding Author: FATMA GÖNÜL SOLMAZ, gonul.solmaz@omu.edu.tr 1 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1580

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1563

MERSİN ( MYRTUS COMMUNİS L. ) HERBS FÜSUN TEMAMOĞULLARI

ABSTRACT Myrtle (Myrtus communis L) is a medicinal and aromatic plant from the Myrtaceae family. It is found in coastal regions of our country whereas it is often grown in Mediterranean countries, Asia, America and in other countries such as Southern Russia, Iran, Tunisia and New Zealand in the world. The plant, which has got evergreen leaves, is a chick pea-sized, blackish bush with purple seeds. Myrtle is consisted of rich volatile oils, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanin pigments and fatty acids. The plant has antiseptic, deodorant, constipating, appetising, sedative, antihemorrhagic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, insecticidal, antinociceptive, antiviral, analgesic, molluscicidal and antigenotoxic effects as well as antiprotozoal properties against Trichomonas vaginalis and antiparasitic properties against Leishmania and Plasmodium. M. communis fruit was used in Traditional Medicine in the treatment of many different infectious diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery, and its leaves were benefited as an antiseptic and antiinflammatory agent in the treatments of urinary infections, wound healing and antifungal diseases (Candidiasis) as well as an antidiabetic or an antitussive agent and were used in the management of stomachache. Although its rare incidence, toxicity of myrtles might lead nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; besides respiratory distress and asthma attacks in infants and children. In this review the traditional use of myrtle plant will be informed along the pharmacolog

KEYWORDS Myrtle, Pharmacology, Toxicology, traditional use

Corresponding Author: FÜSUN TEMAMOĞULLARI, farmafto@gmail.com 1 HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, FARMAKOLOJİ VE TOKSİKOLOJİ A. D. ŞANLIURFA

1581

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1564

USAGE OF LINSEED FOR FUNCTIONAL MILK PRODUCTION 1

SAKİNE YALÇIN , MUHAMMAD SHAZAİB RAMAY , SUZAN YALÇIN

ABSTRACT In recent years consumer demands concerning food have changed significantly and concept of functional food has been growing extensively. Functional foods are modified foods for certain physiological functions other than providing nutrient requirements. Milk fat consists mostly of saturated fatty acids resulting in negative consumer perception due to health concern related to saturated fats. Thus, there is an opportunity to alter the milk fat content and its fatty acid composition according to the consumer needs. It is very difficult to modify milk fatty acid composition for human health. Linseed contains about 36-48% oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Alpfa linolenic acid constitute of approximately 50-55% of total fatty acids in linseed. Linseed is an important feedstuffs that can be used as an energy and protein source in lactating dairy cattle. It has high antioxidant activity due to high content of secoisolariciresinl diglucoyside as a precursor of lignans in linseed. Dietary linseed supplementation can increase the content of alpha-linolenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid, decrease the ratio of omega 6/omega 3 and saturated fat content and increase the proportion of stearic and relative to other saturated fatty acids. These enhancements in the fat profile of milk give consumers food with a healtier fat profile.

KEYWORDS Linseed, Milk, Functional milk, Fatty acid

Corresponding Author: SAKİNE YALÇIN, sayalcin@ankara.edu.tr 1 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF ANİMAL NUTRİTİON, ANKARA, TURKEY 2 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD HYGİENE AND TECHNOLOGY, KONYA, TURKEY

1582

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1565

DETERMINATION OF PHENOLIC CONTENTS OF CYCLAMEN ALPINUM BY HPLC 1

MURAT TURAN , RAMAZAN MAMMADOV

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Cyclamen genus belonging to the family Primulaceae, is used as an ornamental plant as well as a medicinal plant. Antifungal, antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activity properties have been determined in studies and are also used in folk medicine. Cyclamen alpinum Dammann ex. Sprenger was identified by Schwarz as endemic under the name Cyclamen trochopteranthum O. Schwarz in 1975 but nowadays although it is again called C. alpinum, its endemism is controversial. Phenolic compounds and quantities were determined by HPLC from C. alpinum. 9 standard phenolic compounds were performed and the amounts indicated in C. alpinum plant were determined; gallic acid (10.01 μg/g), 3,4 dihydroxy benzoic acid (33.65 μg/g), 4 hydroxy benzoic acid (125.33 μg/g), chlorogenic acid (2.73 μg/g), vanillic acid (121.35 μg/g), caffeic acid (0.13 μg/g), p-coumaric acid (5.78 μg/g), ferulic acid (3.25 μg/g), cinnamic acid (2.25 μg/g). The amount of phenolic substances at the end of the HPLC may vary according to the method of extraction of the plant and the conditions of the region it is growing.

Cyclamen alpinum, HPLC, Phenolic content

Corresponding Author: RAMAZAN MAMMADOV, rmammad@yahoo.com 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY

1583

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1566

HOPS (HUMULUS LUPULUS) 1

ÇIĞDEM ÇEBİ ŞEN , FÜSUN TEMAMOĞULLARI

ABSTRACT Humulus lupulus, also known as "Maya Herb" or "Beer Flower", is widely grown around in Bilecik-Pazaryeri, Turkey. Hops plant is a plant with a stout root, heart-shaped leaves and cone-like flowers. It is an indispensable raw material of beer production since the desired bitterness, aroma and taste is provided with hops depending on the beer. In recent years, hops, which have begun to be used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics as well as beer making, are a multi-year industry plant. Hops preparations are used as sedatives, especially for the treatment of sleep disorders, and for activating gastric functions. It has also antibacterial and antifungal effects. A potent phytoestrogen in hops, 8prenylnaringenin (8-PN), has an activity greater than other established plant estrogens. Although some researchers have reported no estrogenic effect of the hops, other researchers have found a high estrogenic effect. In another study conducted, the prenyl flavonoids obtained from the hops were investigated effect on cancer, menopausal temperature pressures and osteoporosis, and as a result they were found to slow down the bone erection and reduce the temperature pressures. It has also been suggested that these compounds may be responsible for a variety of reproductive disorders, including a decline in sperm concentration in men with negatif effects on sexual desire. In this review, the effect of hops on sexual activity was investigated.

KEYWORDS Hops, sexual activity

Corresponding Author: FÜSUN TEMAMOĞULLARI, farmafo@gmail.com 1 HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, DÖLERME VE SUN’İ TOHUMLAMA A. D., ŞANLIURFA 2 HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, FARMAKOLOJİ VE TOKSİKOLOJİ A. D., ŞANLIURFA

1584

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1567

THE USE OF AROMATIC PLANTS, ESSENTIAL OILS, AND THEIR ACTIVE COMPONENTS IN BROILER NUTRITION AS PHYTOGENIC FEED ADDITIVES 1

FİGEN KIRKPINAR , ÖZGÜN IŞIK , SELİM MERT

ABSTRACT In recent years, products containing essential oils derived from several spices and herbs could be used feed additives as growth promoters in animal nutrition. The ban on the use of antibiotics as feed additives has accelerated the investigation of alternative feed additives for animal nutrition especially broiler nutrition. Herbs, spices and products derived from them are mainly essential oils. Great amounts of these active components can also be found in essential oils (EO) of the associated aromatic plants. Hence, the chemical composition and concentration of active components varies greatly dependent on their source. These phytogenic additivites may have more than one mode of action, including improving feed intake and flavour, stimulating the secretion of digestive enzymes, increasing gastric and intestinal motility, endocrine stimulation, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anthelminthic and coccidiostat activities, immune stimulation, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity and pigments. Natural feed additives of aromatic plant origin, also referred to as phytogenic substances are healthier, less regarded as chemical hazards and generally regarded as safe. Aromatic plants, essential oils, and their active components are incorporated in broiler diets to replace synthetic feed additives in order to stimulate or promote the effective use of feed nutrients which may subsequently result in better growth performance and improved feed efficiency. Moreover, active components of aromatic plants may improve digestion and stimulate the immune function in broilers. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to give an overview on and definition of aromatic plants their EO and active components as phytogenic feed additives, chemical composition and mode of action, as well as on the use of these ingredients in broiler diets with particular attention paid to broiler performance characteristics.

KEYWORDS Aromatic plants, essential oils, broiler

Corresponding Author: FİGEN KIRKPINAR, figen.kirkpinar@ege.edu.tr 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1585

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1568

EFFECTS OF IRRADIATION AND MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING ON THE QUALITY OF THYME DURING STORAGE 1

CELALE KIRKIN , GÜRBÜZ GÜNEŞ

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gamma-irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging on the quality properties of thyme during storage. Dried and ground thyme (Thymus vulgaris) was packaged under 100% N2 (modified atmosphere packaging, MAP) or air (aerobic packaging, AP), and gamma-irradiated at 0 kGy (as control), 6 kGy or 14 kGy. The changes in total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and yeast-mold counts, sensory properties (odor, color intensity, overall acceptability), essential oil yield, total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and antimicrobial activity were evaluated during 6-month storage. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and yeast-mold counts of thyme were approximately 4.7 log/cfu (MAP) and 4.5 log/cfu/g (AP) in control and decreased to below 1 log/cfu after irradiation at 6 and 14 kGy at the beginning and did not change during storage. The color intensity of 14 kGy irradiated thyme in MAP was lower compared to the control at the beginning of the storage, but the difference was not significant after 6-month storage. Irradiation under MAP increased essential oil yield and DDPH radical scavenging activity at time zero; however, the differences due to irradiation were lost after 6 months of storage. Color intensity and overall acceptability of the spice were decreased after 6month storage. There was an increase in total phenolic content in AP, but a reduction in DPPH radical scavenging activity in the essential oil of thyme during 6-month storage. An increase in antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus was noted after 14 kGy irradiation at the beginning of the storage period. The antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was higher in MAP than AP. The antimicrobial activity of the thyme essential oil was decreased during 6-month storage. In conclusion, Irradiation under both types of packaging was highly effective on decontaminating thyme. Irradiation under MAP had a positive contribution to essential oil yield, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of thyme, but a negative effect on color intensity compared to irradiation under AP. The effects of MAP on the irradiation-induced changes were generally become insignificant after 6-month storage.

KEYWORDS thyme, irradiation, modified atmosphere packaging, quality

Corresponding Author: CELALE KIRKIN, celale.kirkin@ozyegin.edu.tr 1 OZYEGİN UNİVERSİTY 2 ISTANBUL TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY

1586

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1569

ONOSMA MALATYANA BINZET EXTRACT MEDIATED BIOSYNTHSIS OF AG DOPED ZNO NANOPARTICLES AND ITS SENSING APPLICATION 1

ERSAN TURUNC , RIZA BİNZET , HAKAN ARSLAN , OSKAY KAHRAMAN , GUN BİNZET , İLKAY GUMUS , EBRU 1 1 1 1 KESKİN , UMMUHAN SOLMAZ , BIRDAL ARSLAN , ALI NAIL SELCİK

ABSTRACT The fabrication of nanostructured materials have gained much attention in the field of catalysis in recent years by virtue of their unique properties, large surface area, and strong interaction with other materials. Semiconductor-based heterostructures play an important role in nanodevices and sensors applications. ZnO nanostructures are technologically important material and are used in a wide range of applications such as catalysis, photocatalysis, sensors and other industrial applications [1-4]. Similiar to other semiconductors, ZnO has poor selectivity or sensor response. ZnO is also doped with nobel metals (Ag, Au and Pt) to achive selectivty and enhance sensor response. In this study, we report a facile, simple and low cost synthesis of Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles using Onosma malatyana Binzet root extract. The synthesized Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles were detailed characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffractometer, UV-vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. In addition we fabricated Ag-ZnO modified carbon paste electrode (AgZnO-CPE) for detection of paracetamol (Figure 1). Figure 1. Typical cyclic voltammogram of bare CPE, ZnO-CPE, Ag-CPE and AgZnO-CPE electrode with 0.1 mM paracetamol in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.20) at scan rate 50 mV/s. Inset show magnification of bare CPE and ZnO-CPE response. Keywords: Green synthesis, Onosma malatyana, nanoparticle, sensor, paracetamol Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Research Fund of Mersin University in Turkey with Project Number: 2016-1-AP4-1429. References [1] K. Saoud, R. Alsoubaihi, N. Bensalah, T. Bora, M. Bertino, J. Dutta, Synthesis of supported silver nano-spheres on zinc oxide nanorods for visible light photocatalytic applications Materials Research Bulletin 63 (2015) 134-140. [2] B. Sarma, B. K. Sarma, Fabrication of Ag/ZnO heterostructure and the role of surface coverage of ZnO microrods by Ag nanoparticles on the photophysical and photocatalytic properties of the metalsemiconductor system Applied Surface Science 410 (2017) 557-565. [3] R. Kumar, D. Rana, A. Umar, P. Sharma, S. Chauhan, M. S. Chauhan, Ag-doped ZnO nanoellipsoids: Potential scaffold for photocatalytic and sensing applications Talanta 137 (2015) 204-213. [4] Y. Wang, X. He, K. Wang, X. Zhang,W. Tan, Barbated Skullcup herb extract-mediated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles and its primary application in electrochemistry Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 73 (2009) 75-79.

KEYWORDS Green synthesis, Onosma malatyana, nanoparticle, sensor, paracetamol

Corresponding Author: ERSAN TURUNC, ersanturunc@mersin.edu.tr 1 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY

1587

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1571

EFFECTS OF DIETARY OREGANO OIL ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF BROILER MEAT 1

FİGEN KIRKPINAR , SELİM MERT , ÖZGÜN IŞIK

ABSTRACT The general consumer rejection to synthetic additives has been increasing in recently. For this reason, in recent years interest has arisen in the use of natural essential oils with the intention to improve meat quality, without leaving residues in the meat or the environment. Broiler meat has many desirable nutritional characteristic such as low lipid content and relatively high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as n-3 PUFA’s [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)]. Physicochemical and sensory properties of broiler meat as well as its storage life is very important. The addition of oregano essential oil in broiler diets could effective in delaying lipid oxidation. The better oxidative stability of broiler meat receiving the diets supplemented with oregano oil may probably the result of antioxidant constituents of the oregano oil that entered the circulatory system and were distributed and retained in meat. Furthermore, the strong smell of oregano oil may penetrate into muscles and organs, which would improve their composition, colour, pH, lipid oxidation and sensory properties as well as storage and processing values. The essential oil of oregano mainly consists of carvacrol, thymol, and their precursors, c-terpinene and q-cymene it has already been used with the intention to improve the quality and quantity of broiler meat. Furthermore, oregano oil improves meat storage stability after slaughter in poultry, protects against the negative effects of stress on broiler meat quality characteristics. Thus, the addition of oregano oil to broiler diets could significantly positive affect chicken meat quality. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the published data on the potential of oregano oils in broiler meat productin and to describe their possible modes of action with particular attention paid to carcase characteristics, meat composition, colour, pH and sensory quality of broiler meat.

KEYWORDS Oregano oil, broiler meat characteristics

Corresponding Author: FİGEN KIRKPINAR, figen.kirkpinar@ege.edu.tr 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1588

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1572

IMPORTANCE OF BLACK SEED (NIGELLA SATIVA) ON LOWCHOLESTEROL EGG PRODUCTION 1

SAKİNE YALÇIN , İLYAS ONBAŞILAR , S. SONGÜL YALÇIN

ABSTRACT Egg as one of the animal products is an important food source. Eggs that highly consumed in the World contain many essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals for healthy nutrition. Egg consumption has been reported to decrease the blood glycemic index and increase the highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol level. However the most important factors for not reaching an adequate level of egg consumption are consumption habits, egg cholesterol level and factors leading to arteriosclerosis and coronary heart failure of high cholesterol foods. To prevent coronary heart diseases daily cholesterol consumption is limited to 300 mg according to the reports of National Cholesterol Education Program and American Heart Association’s Nutrition Committee. Egg consumption decreases in the developed countries due to the cholesterol level of 200-300 mg in an egg. Because of those reasons, low cholesterol egg production is of great importance for public health. For this purpose dietary supplementation of additives especially probiotics, various plant and plant extracts has been used. Black seed (Nigella sativa) from these natural additives has been widely used in treaditional for respiratory health, gastrointestinal health, kidney and liver functions, circulation and immune system. Egg yolk cholesterol concentration decreased with dietary black seed. This reduction may be due to a decrease in the concentration of triacylglycerol and phospholipid in the serum. Black seed plays an important role in functional egg production by reducing cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting the lipogenic pathway of acetyl CoA in the liver.

KEYWORDS Black seed, low-cholesterol egg, functional food

Corresponding Author: SAKİNE YALÇIN, sayalcin@ankara.edu.tr 1 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF ANİMAL NUTRİTİON, ANKARA, TURKEY 2 HACETTEPE UNİVERSİTY,TRANSGENİC ANİMAL TECHNOLOGİES RESEARCH AND APPLİCATİON CENTER, ANKARA, TURKEY 3 HACETTEPE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDİATRİCS, ANKARA, TURKEY

1589

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1573

GİNSENG AND CANCER 1

ESRA CAN , SALİHA NUR ERYİĞİT , EZGİ TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI , ALİ EMRAH BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT GINSENG AND CANCER The concept health affecting lifetime and quality of life is defined as wellbeing of the individual from the physical, emotional, and social aspect. The factors such as changing life conditions, unhealthy diet, sedentary life time, and stress, negatively affecting health, prepare a ground for the various diseases. On the prevalence of cancer, which shows rapidly increase in the present days, the effect of unhealthy diet is highly important. With understanding of importance of diet, the interests of people have increased to the various nutrients and supplements to protect their health. One of these plants is also ginseng. Ginseng makes effect on health with its components such as ginsenoside, triterpenic saponosides, polysaccharides, peptides, polyacetylenic alcohols, and fatty acid. In the recent period, particularly on the diseases such as cancer and diabetics, the studies toward the effects of ginseng have increased. AIM:. In this study, it was aimed to compile the relationship between ginseng intake and sort of cancer. METHOD: In the study, the effect mechanism of ginseng in being protected from cancer were scrutinized. By examining the actual literature data studying the relationship of ginseng consumption and cancer, the effects of ginseng on cancer formation and course of cancer formed were evaluated in detail. RESULTS Just as there are a number of studies showing that ginseng has a protective effect against cancer, there are also a lot of publications showing that it is not effective. It was suggested that ginseng, with saponosides and ginsenocides, which present in its content, showed anticarcinogenic effect against the various sort of cancer. However, its molecular mechanism is not clear. Thanks to ginsenocides, the studies were met, which showed that it reduced cytokines and provided an effect strengthening immune system in cancer patients. It was reported that ginseng may be effective on the various sorts of cancers such as lung and liver cancers, particularly prostate and ovarian cancers on women. In addition, also in liver fibrosis with it antioxidative feature and by supplying fat destruction, its effects toward reducing fat accumulation were seen. The amounts of ginseng used in the studies differ from each other and the suggestions regarding the amount of use are not clear. CONCLUSION:. It was seen that ginseng may be effective on the different sorts of cancers. It was identified that it had positive effects on especially prostate, ovarian, and lung cancers. However, some studies were also met, which showed that it was not effective on cancer. The studies on the use of ginseng for cancer treatment were less and it is stated that its effect mechanism is not clear. There is a need for further studies on this subject. In addition, for being able to offer clear suggestions about the amount of use, the number of studies should be increased. Keywords: Ginseng, cancer, diet, antioxidant

KEYWORDS GINSENG,CANCER,DIET,ANTIOKXIDANT Corresponding Author: ESRA CAN, esra_621@hotmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1590

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1574

INVESTIGATION OF LINDEN (TILIA SPP.) AND ROSEHIP (ROSA CANINA) SAMPLES SOLD IN TEKİRDAĞ PROVINCE IN TERMS OF AFLATOXINS 1

NURAY CAN , SERAP DURAKLI VELIOĞLU

ABSTRACT Linden (Tilia spp.) and rosehip (Rosa canina) are widely consumed as alternative herbal tea by adults and children in order to benefit from healthy components they contain or prevent various diseases. However, studies have shown that herbal tea including linden and rosehip can be contaminated with toxigenic molds as well as pathogenic bacteria, and under favorable conditions molds can produce mycotoxins which have negative effects on human health. The presence of aflatoxins, known to be carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic and hepatotoxic, and classified as "Group I: Carcinogenic to humans" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), in these products is a threat to public health. However, the number of studies on the presence of aflatoxins in linden and rosehip is limited. For this reason, the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of aflatoxins in these products using HPLC method. 15 linden and 15 rosehip samples sold as unpackaged were used as the material of the study. The samples were provided from Tekirdağ province in Turkey in February and March 2015. In addition to aflatoxin content, moisture and water activity values and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and total yeast-mold counts were also determined. 0.158 µg/kg AFG1 and 0.168 µg/kg AFG2 were determined in one of the linden samples and 0.162 µg/kg AFG2 was determined in another linden sample. Aflatoxin levels of these samples were not higher than the maximum permissible levels. The rest of the linden and rosehip samples were determined to be contaminated with at least one of the four aflatoxins with the levels below the limit of quantification (0.155; 0.168; 0.156; 0.162 µg/kg for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, respectively). The mean moisture content of linden and rosehip samples were found to be 10.97% and 14.58%, respectively. The mean water activity values were determined as 0.58 and 0.62 for linden and rosehip samples, respectively. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts of the linden samples ranged between <1.0x103-4.3x106 cfu/g and the rosehip samples ranged between <1,0x103-6,4x104 cfu/g. Total yeast-mould counts of the linden samples ranged between <1,0x103-1,2x105 cfu/g and the rosehip samples ranged between <1,0x103-3,6x105 cfu/g. As a result, yeast-mold and mesophilic aerobic bacteria contamination were detected in linden and rosehip samples, and aflatoxin was detected at low levels. This results suggest that toxigenic molds can grow in linden and rosehip and under sufficient conditions aflatoxins can be produced in these products. Acknowledgment The authors thank to Namık Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Commitee for the support of this study having the project number NKUBAP.00.24.YL.14.18.

KEYWORDS Corresponding Author: SERAP DURAKLI VELİOĞLU, svelioglu@nku.edu.tr 1 İSTANBUL AYDIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1591

Linden (Tilia spp.), rosehip (Rosa canina), aflatoxins

1592

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1575

CURRENT SITUATION, MARKETING STRUCTURE AND PROBLEMS OF HERBALISTS AND PROCESSING FIRMS OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS: THE CASE OF MERSIN PROVINCE, TURKEY 1

ARZU SECER , GIZEM YENER , ZOZAN KAYA

ABSTRACT Medicinal and aromatic plants play a valuable and important role in economic, social, cultural and ecological aspects of local communities the world over. Consumer demand has been increased in recently since people has been preferred to use less synthetic medicines and tended to solve their health problems with natural ways. Turkey has great opportunity to supply medicinal and aromatic plants because of its advantages in genetic diversity, climate, geographic location, rich plant flora and wide agricultural area. In Turkey, medicinal and aromatic plants are collected from mainly Eagan, Marmara and Mediterranean Regions. In terms of biodiversity, Mersin is one of the richest provinces in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Recently, many plants have produced and set up operations on getting essential oils in this province. In this study, it is aimed to reveal current situation, marketing structure and problems of herbalists and processing firms in medicinal and aromatic plants sector in Mersin. Research area is defined as Mezitli, Yenişehir, Akdeniz ve Toros which are central provinces of Mersin. The main material of the study was primary data gathered by face-to-face questionnaires with 65 herbalists and in-depth interviews with 7 processing firms. Collected data was presented as frequencies, ratios and averages. Also SWOT analysis was applied to identify sector’s strengths and weaknesses and identify opportunities and the threats which the sector can face to the sector. According to findings, herbalists generally provided their products from wholesalers and sold to consumers directly. For herbalist, the most important problems are inadequate organization in the sector, knowledge pollution on medicinal and aromatic plants and inadequate information about the sector in public. Whereas, processing operations prefer to provide their raw materials from producers, other firms and collectors. These operations expressed that inadequacy of raw materials, lack of qualified staff and inadequacy of production capacity were the most important problems in the sector.

KEYWORDS Medicinal and aromatic plants, marketing structure, SWOT, Mersin, Turkey.

Corresponding Author: ARZU SECER, asecer@cu.edu.tr 1 CUKUROVA UNİVERSİTY

1593

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1576

EFFECTS OF CITRONELLOL, GERANIOL AND NEROL ON VIOLACEIN PRODUCTION 1

HALIME ÇEVİKBAŞ , SEYHAN ULUSOY

ABSTRACT Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell to cell communication system. Bacteria co-ordinate the gene expression of many bacterial behaviors including violacein, antibiotic, virulence factors production and biofilm formation using this system. Violacein is a purple pigment by produced Chromobacterium violaceum with controlled QS. In this study, inhibitory effects of citronellol, geraniol, nerol were tested on the production of violacein using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and C. violaceum VIR07 biomonitor strains. The results showed that citronellol, geraniol and nerol inhibited violacein production by 75%. Therefore, citronellol, geraniol and, nerol might be suitable for development into antivirulence agents.

KEYWORDS Citronellol, geraniol, nerol, violacein

Corresponding Author: HALİME ÇEVİKBAŞ, halimecevikbas@gmail.com 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1594

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1577

THE EFFECT OF CORNELIAN CHERRY ON THE RISK OF CANCER 1

ESRA CAN , ALİ EMRAH BIYIKLI , EZGİ TOPTAŞ BIYIKLI

ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF CORNELIAN CHERRY ON THE RISK OF CANCER In sustaining a healthy life, the role of adequate and balanced diet is relatively more. In the recent year, one of the factors kept responsible for the increase of the prevalence of cancer is also unhealthy diet. It is known for long years that providing adequate and balanced diet and give more place to antioxidative nutrients in diet had a protective effect against cancer. It was suggested that cornelian cherry, one of the antioxidative nutrients, with the strong phenolic substances in its content, could be effective against cancer. AIM:. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between cornelian cherry consumption and risk of cancer. METHOD: In this compilation study, by examining the actual literature data studying the relationship of cornelian cherry consumption and cancer, the effects of the fruit cornelian cherry toward the risk of cancer were evaluated in detail. RESULTS: It is known that the antioxidative effect of cornelian cherry arises from the phenolic substances in its content. It is reported that, cornelian cherry, preventing free radical formation, is protective against cancer. In addition, with components of flavonoids and amino acid, affecting lipid mechanism, it supports its antioxidative effect. In a number of studies, it was observed that the fruit cornelian cherry provided a protective effect against a number of sort of cancer at the significant level, particularly prostate cancer, breast, uterine, and liver cancers. In the individuals consuming high amount of cornelian cherry, the risk of cancer formation was found to be significantly lower compared to the individuals consuming less cornelian cherry. But there are also studies identifying that cornelian cherry consumption showed no effect on cancer. It is stated that giving place to cornelian cherry in daily diet may be protective against cancer and the amount suggested to the consumers are not clear in the studies. CONCLUSION:. It was seen that cornelian cherry, an important antioxidant, can provide protective effects against cancer by means of the different mechanisms. Its positive effect in being protected from prostate cancer is remarkable. However, the effect of the fruit cornelian cherry on the studies toward using it in cancer treatment is not clear and there is a need for further studies on this subject. It is suggested that its consumption should be increased and the number of the studies on the amount of effective intake should be increased.

KEYWORDS Cornelian cherry, cancer, antioxidant, , phytology, flavonoids

Corresponding Author: ESRA CAN, esra_621@hotmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1595

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1580

AN ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CASTANEA, RHODODENDRON AND ASTRAGALUS HONEYS 1

DUYGU ODABAŞ ALVER , ÖMER ERTÜRK , SEVIM ÇİFTÇİ YEGİN

ABSTRACT This study aims to compare the antimicrobial activities of different honeys collected from different regions. Honey is a sweet substance that honeybees store in honeycombs after collecting flowers nectars and secretion of plants and certain living beings on the plants, and converting them by adding their unique substances. Honey consists of around 400 components. Honey has been used for medical purposes by numerous cultures since the antiquity. In this study, pollen analyses, which are compliant with the literature, were conducted on the total of 9 honey samples collected from different places, and it was detected that 3 of them were Castanea (Castanea sativa), other 3 were Rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.) and the last three were Astragalus (Astragalus sp.). The pH, % Brix values and antimicrobial activities were studied. Antimicrobial activities of honey samples were investigated by using disc diffusion assay method against four Gram positive bacterias (B. subtillis, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, C. perfringens), four Gram negative bacterias (P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. enteritidis, K. pneumoniae) and a fungus (C. albicans) also. pH and % Brix values were measured by pH meter and refractometer. It was established that the lowest pH value was those of G1 and G2 honey samples as 3,62, the highest pH value was detected as 4,55 on K3 sample. The lowest %Brix values was in K2 sample as 55,76 and the highest was 78,1 in R3 sample. The highest antimicrobial activity among the samples was demonstrated by K3 sample against L.monocytogenes (13.77 mm), while the lowest average antimicrobial activity was performed by R1 sample (8,41 mm). R2, R3, K1, K2 and K3 samples showed antifungal activity on Candida type fungi, while no antifungal activity was observed in R1, G1, G2 and G3 samples. The highest antifungal activity was seen on R3 sample (11.79 mm). The pH and %Brix values observed in the study have similar properties with those of previous studies. Also, the honey samples have been observed to have similar antimicrobial activities.

KEYWORDS Honey, Antimicrobial activity, pH, Brix

Corresponding Author: DUYGU ODABAŞ ALVER, duygu.odabas@giresun.edu.tr 1 GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1596

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1582

THREATENED STATUS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS COLLECTED FROM NATURE IN TURKEY 1

ELIF BOZDOĞAN SERT , GÜLBIN ÇETINKALE DEMIRKAN , SEMA GÜLER , GÜLDEN SANDAL ERZURUMLU , 4 ZERRIN SÖĞÜT

ABSTRACT Association between people and native plants are constituted from traditional uses and colleting from nature in Turkey where is in a rich region with a total of 12 000 plant taxa. Many of the plant species take their place in different forms in markets depending on the regional or local resources. Number of plants on the list which are obtained in different studies on this subject are also high. Collected part of 500 taxa in this group also known as non-wood forest product is also different each other. Damage level may change depending on the collected organs and collecting density. For instance, collected flower and leaf parts from linden species (Tilia sp.) doesn’t cause a significant damage to the plant. However, collected some plants together with roots will always constitute a danger for these plants. Regular collecting of species that are widespread in Turkey and have high market value slow down the process of extinction. This situation can change depending on the ability of regeneration, rate of reproduction. According to IUCN data, 15 000 medicinal plants in worldwide are at risk in different categories. Approximately 350 plant species traded by collected from nature in Turkey, and 35 of these plants are endemic. Among the most important reasons in damage of medicinal plants are change in land use except for the colletion process. In this study, threats of species that are traded by collecting from nature in Turkey are revealed; some insights have been made on this subject by taking into consideration to distribution areas. For instance, Liquidambar orientalis is not yet reported as endangered, but it’s just on the verge of danger. While the area of this plant’s distribution in 1949 is more than 6 000 hectares; it is now below 1 500 hectares. It’s also seen that Juglans regia is in danger at near threatened status; while Cedrus libani is also at vulnerable status. Incase these species are formed with large groups in certain areas such as valley or forests, are in danger of extinction. The danger level may increase in the shrubs or herbaceous plants that are spread in smaller areas or open into different uses. For instance, Tchihatchewia isatidea native endemic in East Anatolian Region is within the vulnerable status.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plants, colleting from nature, status of threatened, Turkey

Corresponding Author: ELİF BOZDOĞAN SERT, ebozdogan@mku.edu.tr 1 MUSTAFA KEMAL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ARCHİTECTURE, DEPT. OF LANDSCAPE ARCHİTECTURE 2 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN UNİVERSİTY, VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF ORTACA 3 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ARCHİTECTURE, DEPT. OF LANDSCAPE ARCHİTECTURE 4 ÇUKUROVA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, DEPT. OF LANDSCAPE ARCHİTECTURE

1597

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1583

DIETARY THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS L.) USAGE TO IMPROVE SHELF LIFE OF POULTRY MEAT 1

SUZAN YALÇIN , SAKİNE YALÇIN , İLYAS ONBAŞILAR

ABSTRACT Poultry meat has an important food among animal food sources. Meat is an important food for human health due to having protein, essential amino acids, lipids, minerals and vitamins. Poultry meat has many desirable nutritional properties such as low lipid content and relatively high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Increasing the degree of unsaturation of meat by dietary manipulation increases susceptibility of meat lipids to oxidative deterioration. Lipid oxidation affects colour, odour and flavor negatively and a reduced shelf life. In recent years researchers have focused on increasing shelf life of meat. For this reason plant and plant extracts having antioxidant activity have been used extensively. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) has been studied by several researchers. Thyme oil contains phenolic compounds such as thymol, carvacrol and ϒ-terpinene having important biological activities and pharmacological properties. Thyme can improve the oxidative stability of meat due to having these phenolic compounds. Considering the consumer preference for natural antioxidants, thyme could be used as natural antioxidant for improving shelf life of meat.

KEYWORDS Thyme, Poultry meat, Antioxidant, Shelf life

Corresponding Author: SUZAN YALÇIN, syalcin@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD HYGİENE AND TECHNOLOGY, KONYA, TURKEY 2 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF ANİMAL NUTRİTİON, ANKARA, TURKEY 3 HACETTEPE UNİVERSİTY,TRANSGENİC ANİMAL TECHNOLOGİES RESEARCH AND APPLİCATİON CENTER, ANKARA, TURKEY

1598

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1586

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME SPICES ŞENOL KÖSE

ABSTRACT

In this study, antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of some packaged and unpackaged spices including thyme, cumin, mint, cinnamon were investigated against Escherichiacoli ATCC 11303, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 19429, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 13311, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 33186 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778. For determination of antimicrobial activity, different concentrations of these spice extracts were tested against bacterias by agar diffusion method. It was examined that the extracts of unpackaged spices exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 33186 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 in comparison to packaged spices. Methanol extracts of all spices showed variable degrees of antibacterial activity against the other bacterias. The Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 33186 was determined as the most resistant strain for antimicrobial activity of packaged and unpackaged spices of methanol extracts. Also Ampicillin (10μg) and Tetracycline (30μg) were used to determine sensitivity of the tested bacterias and comparison.

KEYWORDS

Spices, antimicrobial activity, agar diffusion method

Corresponding Author: ŞENOL KÖSE, senolkose28@gmail.com 1 YUZUNCU YIL UNIVERSITY, ENGINEERING FACULTY, FOOD ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

1599

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1587

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SUMAC SEED 1

MURAT KARAAĞAÇ , SUZAN YALÇIN , YUSUF BİÇER

ABSTRACT Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) seed has long been used as an important spice in traditional medicine. Sumac is rich in B vitamins, gallic acid, benzoic acid, ascorbic acid, hydrolysable tannins, volatile oils, anthocyanins and flavonoids. The major volatiles are aliphatic, aldehydes, hexahydro farnesyl acetone and oxygenated terpenes. Due to the presence of these bioactive compounds sumac has properties of antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities. Sumac is rich in oleic and linoleic acids. Myricetin is the major flavonol in sumac seed. Water extracts of sumac seeds have a strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against food-born pathogenic bacteria. Xanthones and aromatic components have been active properties against Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. The sourness of sumac is due to the presence of organic acids such as malic, citric and tartaric acids, whereas the astringent taste is due to its tannin. Therefore sumac has an economic importance due to a source of functional food, nutraceutical ingredients, its also increasing use in cosmetic and phaarmaceutical industries.

KEYWORDS Sumac, Functional food, Phytochemical properties, Pharmacological Properties

Corresponding Author: SUZAN YALÇIN, syalcin@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD HYGİENE AND TECHNOLOGY, KONYA, TURKEY

1600

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1588

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST BACTERIAL FISH PATHOGENS 1

ÖZNUR DILER , ÖZNUR GÖRMEZ

ABSTRACT During the last decades, there has been a continuous growth of aquaculture industries all over the world and such intensive production would experience disease problems. Various synthetic chemicals and antibiotics have been used to prevent or treat fish diseases with a partial success. However, continuous use of antibiotics leads to drug resistance and thereby to a reduced efficacy of the drugs. In recent years, the ability of medicinal plants to antimicrobial effective has been studied. The objectives of this study were: to investigate the in vitro antibacterial effect of Oregano (Origanum vulgare), St. John's-wort (Hypericum perforatum) and Nettle (Urtica dioica) essential oils against bacteria species (Yersinia ruckeri and Lactococcus garviae) by disc difusion test. The essential oils except to U. dioica that was most antibacterial effect against Y. ruckeri and L. garvieae microbial strains.

KEYWORDS Origanum vulgare, Hypericum perforatum, Urtica dioica, antimicrobial activity

Corresponding Author: ÖZNUR GÖRMEZ, oznurgormez@sdu.edu.tr 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ EĞİRDİR SU ÜRÜNLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

1601

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1589

INVESTIGATION OF RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THYME ESSENTIAL OIL AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES 1

FILIZ İÇİER , DENIZ DÖNER , SERDAL SABANCI , DERYA TEZCAN

ABSTRACT Essential oils usually economically important plant-sourced oils. They are widely used in food industry because of their aromatic and antimicrobial effect. They also have great economic importance. In food industry, thyme essential (TEO) oil is used as an antimicrobial agent and some food product used as a flavouring agent. In this study, rheological properties of TEO was investigated at different temperatures (20℃, 30℃, 40℃, 50℃ and 60℃), and the best model describing the rheological characteristics of this oil was determined. In addition, the physical properties (optical rotation, refractive index, solubility ratios (v/v) with 96% ethanol, and relative density) and color analysis of TEO were evaluated at different temperatures (20℃ to 40℃ and 60℃). It was determined that rheological characteristics of TEO were best described with Newtonian model. For the same shear rate, shear stress values and viscosity values decreased as the temperature increased. It has been identified that color values of the essential oils were different depending on the temperature. As temperature values increased L* values decreased while a*, b* values increased. Physical property results of TEO were given depending on temperature (20°C, 40°C and 60°C) respectively, as follows; optical rotation values were 64.63±0.21, 65.84±0.22 and 86.56±0.16, refractive index values were 1.49±0.0015, 1.476, 1.4753±0.0047, solubility ratios (v/v) with 96% ethanol were 6, 3.33 and 3.83, relative density values were 0.966±0.38, 0.943±0.02 and 0.713±0.01 g/cm3. It was obtained that physical and rheological properties of TEO depends on temperature. Higher process temperatures adversely affected physical and quality properties of TEO. Low temperature process conditions are recommended to be applied to provide higher quality products including thyme essential oil. It is thought that results of these study could contribute valuable information for industrial handling of TEO especially in pumping lines and heating processes. Further study on the shelf life of TEO and its use in innovative applications should be conducted. This study was financially supported by Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, 2209-A Undergraduate Students National Research Funding Program).

KEYWORDS essential oil; thyme, viscosity; quality; density

Corresponding Author: SERDAL SABANCI, serdalsabanci@hotmail.com 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 MUNZUR ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1602

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1590

FUNCTIONAL FOOD: QUINOA 1

MUSTAFA AKTURFAN , SUZAN YALÇIN , YUSUF BİÇER

ABSTRACT Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seed has excellent nutritive value due to having high and good quality protein and essential amino acids. Essential amino acids are higher in quinoa than wheat. Lysine in quinoa is two times higher in that of wheat. It is a good source of energy and rich in mineral, vitamin and bioactive compounds. Quinoa has bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, saponins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. These bioactive compounds decrease blood cholesterol level, prevent the development of cancer cells, eliminate toxins, improve immune system and prevent cardiovascular disease. The kinoa, which has its own unique aroma, has attracted a lot of attention recently in terms of its suitability for Turkish taste as it is preferred in world cuisines. Quinoa has a wide range of uses. Quinoa seed flour can also be used in bread making alone or mixed with other cereal flours. Pilaf can be made from rice with quinoa seed. Beer-like beverages and breakfast cereals can be produced from quinoa seeds. Since it has high nutritional value, it is also used in baby food production.

KEYWORDS Quinoa, functional food, bioactive compounds

Corresponding Author: MUSTAFA AKTURFAN, mstf4207@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD HYGİENE AND TECHNOLOGY, KONYA, TURKEY

1603

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1591

THE USE OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD COMPONENT IN MEAT PRODUCTS 1

AZIM ŞİMŞEK

ABSTRACT

Functional foods are defined as foods that are formed by the addition of bioactive ingredients obtained from fully natural sources, to the foods we consume. Functional foods should provide additional benefits on human physiology and metabolic functions, as well as meeting the basic nutrient needs of the body. Essential oils, powders and extracts obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants, also conjugated linoleic acid, dietary fiber and probiotic microorganisms are widely used in meat products as a functional food components. Powders, essential oils and extracts used in meat products are obtained from seeds, leaves, stems, fruits and roots of medicinal and aromatic plants such as culinary herbs, spices, fruits and vegetables. Medicinal and aromatic plants have many functional properties (antioxidant, antimicrobial etc.) in meat products due to their secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins. In addition, medicinal and aromatic plants used in meat products improve sensory properties such as taste, odor and color. Different solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone etc.) and extraction methods (maceration, percolation, soxhlet, microwave etc.) are used to obtain essential oils and extracts. It has been reported in literature studies that antioxidant activity is more effective in extracts obtained from solvent extraction, whereas antimicrobial activity is more effective in essential oils obtained from water extraction. Furthermore, medicinal and aromatic plants, and their powders, essential oils and extracts have the potential to become new generation substances for human and animal nutrition and health. In this study, information about functional properties of powders, essential oils and extracts obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants used in meat products were given, and studies about on this subject were compiled.

KEYWORDS

Meat products, medicinal and aromatic plants, functional properties

Corresponding Author: AZİM ŞİMŞEK, simsekazim@gmail.com 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİRDİR MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, GIDA İŞLEME BÖLÜMÜ

1604

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1592

ANTI-FUNGAL EFFECTS OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS ON ARUM ITALICUM UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS 1

HAVVA DİNLER , HUSSEIN ABDULLAH AHMED AHMED , SERKAN URANBEY

ABSTRACT Geophytes, which constitute a significant part of our biological diversity, have a considerable potential in food, perfumery, pharmaceutical industry, and ornamental plant industry owing to their rich secondary metabolites, starch contents and ostentatious leaves and flowers. It is extremely critical to produce and export of the plant A.italicum free from other pathogens, particularly fungal diseases. In this study, anti-fungal effect of some medicinal plant essential oils (sage, thyme, lemon, peppermint, and cinnamon) which were added into shoot regeneration medium following the sterilization procedure was examined by using shoot explants on tubers of Arum italicum. Explants taken from Arum italicum plant were washed by keeping under tap water for 30 minutes. Tubers were firstly kept in 95% ethanol for three minutes and then were exposed to sterilization process in 15% commercial bleach for 10 minutes. Sterilized shoot tips were rinsed with sterile bidistilled water 3 times for 5 minutes in each. MS medium containing plant growth regulators (1-4 mg/L BAP and 0.251 mg/L NAA) 2% sucrose, and 0.8% agar in different combinations of shoot regeneration hormones was prepared, essential oils in rates of 0 (Control), 125, 250, and 500 ppm were added into MS medium. Essential oils were dissolved by using 0.1 % Tween 20 and 10% n-hexane. Sterilized explants were inoculated into MS medium. They were cultured under controlled conditions in 16/8 hour illumination period, at 24±1 oC for 4 weeks. As a result of the study, it was determined that essential oils of thyme, cinnamon, and peppermint inhibited fungal contaminations (Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp.) occurring in MS medium compared to the control and increasing concentrations had a fungicidal effect.

KEYWORDS essential oil, Arum italicum, in vitro, MS, antifungal activity

Corresponding Author: HAVVA DİNLER, havva.dinler@usak.edu.tr 1 UŞAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1605

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1594

ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF SOME AROMATIC PLANTS USED IN MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS EBRU BAYRAK

ABSTRACT Lipid oxidation is one of the most important changes in meat and meat products that reduce quality and limit shelf life. Lipid oxidation causes negative changes on sensory attributes such as color, flavor, odor and nutritive value of the product and potentially toxic compounds. The oxidation of lipid-containing foods can be delayed or slowed down by the use of antioxidants. The antioxidants can be of synthetic or natural origin. Although synthetic antioxidants have been widely used in the meat industry to inhibit lipid oxidation, the trend is to decrease their use because of the growing health concerns among consumers about such chemical additives. In recent years, some aromatic plants have been commonly used in meat and meat products due to their antioxidant effects. These plants, which are used as natural antioxidants, are important in terms of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds is due to their ability to scavenge free radicals, donate hydrogen atoms or electron, or chelate metal ions. Tea, various spices (rosemary, thyme, sage, etc.), grape and kernel, berries and citrus fruits have high phenolic content and can therefore be used as natural antioxidant in meat products. In this review, antioxidant effects of some aromatic plants used in meat and meat products were discussed.

KEYWORDS Lipid oxidation, aromatic plants, natural antioxidants, meat and meat products

Corresponding Author: EBRU BAYRAK, ebayrak@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1606

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1595

ORTA ANADOLU BÖLGESI TIBBI ADAÇAYI (SALVIA OFFICINALIS L.) ISLAHI ARAŞTIRMALARI 1

REYHAN BAHTIYARCA BAGDAT , NURETTIN CINKAYA , KADRIYE YUKSEL , CIGDEM BOZDEMIR , EMEL CAKIR

ABSTRACT Salvia officinalis, Lamiaceae, known as Dalmatian Sage or common sage has been gaining popularity in food and drug industry wordwide, recently. Even the existence of many sage species on the World, the genus officinalis has medicinal common use. Indigestion and inflammation disorders, excessive sweating, including that associated with peri-menopause; relief of pressure spots that result from the use of a prosthesis; and as a flavoring for foods are the main areas where the plant is mainly consumed. Sage oil has also been employed as a fragrance in soaps and perfumes. Wide adaptability and non-selective climatic requirements of the plats made it possible to receive high biomass, and several harvests during the same plantation period. Present study was conducted in Ankara, during the successive two growing seoson of 2014 and 2016. Thirty-three spontenaus hybride common sage lines (Salvia officinalis) were evaluated regarding their biomass production and essential oil charecteristics employing 4 different standard sage cultivars and lines. Following yield parameters were recorded as; the plant height was ranged 50.3 to 97.5 cm, canopy diameter was 36.0 to 95.0 cm, fresh herb yield was changed 59.9 to 593.4 g/per plant, drug herb yield was 12.6 to 183.9 g/per plant, drug leaf yield was 16.1 to 74.5 g/per plant and the leaf ratio was around 53.42-67.01%. The essential oil components of the lines were determined by GC-MS at Western Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Antalya. The essential oil ratio was changed between 0.88 and 2.42%. All the yield parameters of the lines were found statistically significant. α-thujone, 1.8 cineole, borneol, camphor, β-thujone, camphene and viridiflorol were the main components. More than ten lines had less than 20% of αthujone. Phytophtora cryptogea was identified as devastating pathogen confirmed by molecular characterization, besides some other Fusarium species.

KEYWORDS Common sage (Salvia officinalis L.), plant heigth, canopy width, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, essential oil yield, α-thujone, Phytophtora cryptogea

Corresponding Author: REYHAN BAHTİYARCA BAGDAT, reyhanbagdat@yahoo.com 1 CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTİTUTE FOR FİELD CROPS 2 WESTERN MEDİTERRANEAN AGRİCULTURAL RESEARCH INSTİTUTE 3 DİRECTORATE OF PLANT PROTECTİON CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTİTUTE,

1607

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1598

OVERDOSE OF CINNAMON BARKS IS THE CAUSE OF POISONING IN THE GEDIATRIC PATIENT: CASE REPORT 1

ÇIĞDEM ÇOLAK , ELIF ELIBOL , TÜRKAN DEMIR, BIJEN KIVÇAK

ABSTRACT The use of herbal medicine has existed since the beginning of human history and interest in alternative medicine has increased in the last two decades. The use of these methods has increased in treatment. Also, drug interaction, toxicity, overdose and side effects are increasing. Approximately, 70 percent of the herbal drug users continue to use another drug at the same time. The fact that the use of herbal remedies is usually unconsciously recommended by others and the herb is not mentioned in the anamnesis when the herb is being used. Moreover, the doctor is not informed and plant-drug interaction does not take place. Therefore, the prospectuses affects drug use negatively. There are many physiological changes that may affect the herbal pharmacy and the pharmacokinetics of older people. For example; the reduction of the gastrointestinal motility and the surface of the absorbation, the reduction of total body water, the decrease in serum albumin depletion and protein binding, the decrease in biotransformation, the decrease in renal blood flow drug abstinence, the decrease in receptor sensitivity and the change in cellular response. Due to these factors, side effects due to herbal treatment and more intoxications are observed in the elderly. Cinnamon, also known as "Darçın", "Loğusa", "Şerbet Kokusu" among the people, is the dried shell of some Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) species. There are two main varieties of cinnamon bark, namely Chinese Cinnamon (Cortex Cinnamomi cassiae) and Ceylon Cinnamon (Cortex Cinnamomi zeylanici). Both cinnamon contains tannin and 1-2% volatile oil in its composition. Both plants are grown in places like Japan, Ceylon, South America, Sumatra. Cinnamon is anti-skidding, gas extractor and antiseptic properties (1,2). Apart from that, it is also used as a spice and fragrance. The cinnamon oil obtained by distillation from its shells has a pleasant smell and taste; and in the composition, cinnamic aldehyde and eugenol (3). It has been used for thousands of years in terms of health. It is used in folk medicine with psychological distress, cramenage, heart weakness, influenza, cold, flu, anorexia, indigestion, diarrhea, stomach laxity, low body resistance and intestinal worms. The use of overdose is indicated to cause agitation, hypoglycemia, tachycardia, to increase the level of the used coumarin and abortion, tachycardia and arrhythmia in pregnancy. In this article, we present a case of emergency history of hypoglycemia, agitation and tachycardia, history and clinical follow-up and a 76-year-old female patient admitted to acute poisoning of cinnamon and honey mixture. It is our goal to present this case, it should be known that with the recommendation of others and the use of an overdose of herbal medicines unconsciously will cause intoxication, especially in the elderly and doctors need to consider the use of a medicinal product in the etiology of causes such as tachycardia, agitation, hypoglycemia in patients with urgent care. References: 1. Demirhan A., Mısır Çarşısı Drogları, Sermet Matbaası, İstanbul, 1975. 2. Corresponding Author: ÇİĞDEM ÇOLAK, cido_colak@hotmail.com 1 SBÜ İZMİR TEPECİK EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ 2 İZMİR GAZİEMİR NEVVAR SALİH İŞGÖREN DEVLET HASTANESİ 4 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ ECZACILIK MESLEK BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ FARMAKOGNOZİ ANA BİLİM DAL

1608

Demirhan A. Şifalı Bitkiler, Doğal İlaçlarla Geleneksel Tedaviler, Alfa Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001. 3. Piccioni A, Badellino E. Pre-natal (segment II) toxicity study of cinnamic aldehyde in the SpragueDawley rat. Food Chem Toxicol. 1989 Dec;27(12):781-6 4. Miller KG, Poole CF, Chichila TMP. Solvent-assisted supercritical fluid extraction for the isolation of semivolatile flavor compounds from cinnamons of commerce and their separation by series-coupled column gas chromatography. J High Resol Chromatogr 1995. 18: 461-471.

KEYWORDS geriatric patient, cinnamon, hypoglycemia, tachycardia, agitation

1609

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1599

THE EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC PRETREATED MACERATION PROCEDURE ON SOME PROPERTIES OF AROMATIZED OLIVE OIL WITH THYME 1

ŞÜKRAN KULEAŞAN , HATICE DEMIROK , HILAL BEDEL , SEDA ALDEMIR , AYŞE ÇINAR , BURAK KÖSE , 1 MERYEM CIHANGIR

ABSTRACT In the study, natural extra virgin olive oil was aromatized with thyme by ultrasonic pretreated maceration. It was aimed to the shortening of the duration of maceration by ultrasonic pretreated application. Since mass transfer is faster and better during maceration in ultrasonic pretreated samples, a more intense in flavor and volatile components of aromatized product was obtained in the end of maceration period. The maceration procedures were carried out for 30 days in amber colored glass bottles with and without ultrasonic pretreatment with equal amounts of oil and thyme. The ultrasonic pretreated maceration process was performed in an ultrasonic bath at 20% power (253 W, 40 kHz) for 5 min and 10 min. At the end of the sonication procedure, the ambient temperature of the water bath was measured as 27 °C with an increase of 3 °C. The percentage of free fatty acids and peroxide value analysis was performed on the samples taken from ultrasound treated and non treated groups at 15th and 30th days. Alterations in the amounts of volatile components of aromatized oils (p-cymene, thymol and carvacrol) were determined by GC-MS. The percentage of free fatty acids of virgin olive oil was determined as 0.5% and the peroxide value was 14 meqO2/kg in pre-maceration process. In all applications, the percentage of free fatty acids and peroxide values were not changed after 30 days of maceration period. The amount of p-cymene, thymol and carvacrol in the aromatized oil which macerated for 30 days and were not subjected to ultrasound, were found as 2.06 (μg/g), 391.26 (μg/g) and 585.28 (μg/g) respectively. The highest values for these components were found as 2.66 (μg/g), 614.18 (μg/g) and 1044.06 (μg/g) respectively in the maceration group which was ultrasonicated for 10 mins. The amounts of p-cymene, thymol and carvacrol of the olive oils which were ultrasonic pretreated and subjected to maceration under the same conditions were higher as much as 1.3, 1.6, and 1.8 times respectively when their amounts compared to that of untreated ones.

KEYWORDS Olive oil, thyme, ultrasound, maceration, ultrasonic.

Corresponding Author: ŞÜKRAN KULEAŞAN, skuleasan@gmail.com 1 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK-MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, BURDUR

1610

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1600

IS ALGAE OIL ALTERNATIVE TO FISH OIL? 1

FERIDE AYYILDIZ , MERVE SEYDA KARACIL ERMUMCU

ABSTRACT Algae are usually found in damp places or bodies of water. Microalgae are the primary sources of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for zooplankton, fish. It was known that EPA and DHA in fish oil have a lot of positive effects on human health such as cardiovascular diseases ,hypertension, insulin sensivity, neurological diseases etc. Recently algae oil is a new field for using as an alternative to fish oil. Several photosynthetic (Nannochloropsis sp. Hibberd, Phaeodactylum Bohlin, Nitzschia Hassall, Porphyridium Nägeli etc) and heterotrophic (Schizochytrium sp., Ulkenia sp., Crypthecodinium Cohni etc) marine microalgae are considered as a good source of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) for production of algae oil. While photosynthetic microalgae is usually used for production of EPA rich algae oil, heterotrophic microalgae is usually used for production of DHA rich algae oil. A lot of studies indicated that DHA and EPA from fish oils and algal sources provide health benefits to human. Algal-based supplements has led to a large industry effort towards developing alternatives to fish oil. In addition algae oil is very good alternative for vegeterian who intakes low essential fatty acids. But the health benefits of algae oil are uncertain according to natural fish oils. There is a limited understanding of nutritional composition across algal species. It is needed more studies about dose of algae oil to examine the protective effects of human health. References Topuz OK. Algal oıl: a novel source of omega-3 fatty acıds for human nutrıtıon. Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XX, 2016. Cottin SC, Sanders TA, Hall WL .The differential effects of EPA and DHA on cardiovascular risk factors. Proc Nutr Soc, 2011. 70:215–231 Wells ML, Potin P, Craigie JS et al. Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding. J Appl Phycol, 2016. Rossoll D, Bermudez R, Hauss H et al. Ocean acidificationinduced food quality deterioration constrains trophic transfer. PLoS One,2012. 7(4):e34737 Řezanka T, Petránková M, Cepák V, et al. Trachydiscus minutus, a new biotechnological source of eicosapentaenoic acid. Folia Microbiol, 2010. 55:265–269

KEYWORDS Algae oil, omega 3, fish oil, EPA, DHA

Corresponding Author: FERİDE AYYILDIZ, feridecelebi_dyt@hotmail.com 1 GAZİ UNİVERSİTY FACULTY OF HEALTH SCİENCES DEPARTMENT OF NUTRİTİON AND DİETETİCS

1611

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1601

ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST FACTORS OF SEEDLING ROOT ROT IN STRAWBERRY 1

HAVVA DİNLER , SONER ŞEHERLİ

ABSTRACT This study was conducted under in vitro conditions to determine antifungal effects of essential oils from sage (Salvia officinalis), carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), and eucalyptus (Eucaliptus sp. L.) plants against factors (Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina and Cylindrocarpon destructans) causing root rot in seedlings of strawberry. 7 day-old cultures of pathogenic isolates which grew in PDA medium were used. Mycelium discs of growing cultures in 5 mm diameter were inoculated into PDA medium including different doses (5,10, and 20 μl/petri) of plant essential oils and incubated at 24 °C for 7 days. Trials were conducted with 3 repetitions for each of the essential oils. PDA medium which did not include essential oil were kept as control. After trial, diameters of fungal colonies were measured and % inhibition rates of essential oils compared to controls were calculated. According to result obtained, it was found that essential oils from sage, peppermint, carnation, and eucalyptus did not show a fungistatic effect on mycelial development of Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina; and increasing doses of essential oil from thyme had fungicidal and/or fungistatic effect on Rhizoctonia solani (93% - 100%), Macrophomin aphaseolina (16.5% - 74%),Fusarium oxysporum (46% - 84%), and Cylindrocarpon destructans(74% - 96%). Essential oils of sage, carnation, peppermint, and eucalyptus were determined to inhibit mycelial development of Fusarium oxysporum at the low rate. Essential oil of peppermint had a fungistatic effect on Cylindrocarpon destructans (20.5% - 25.4%) and sage had a fungicidal effect by inhibiting 100% of mycelia development.

KEYWORDS essential oil, antifungal activity, strawberry seedling, rot root pathogen

Corresponding Author: HAVVA DİNLER, havva.dinler@usak.edu.tr 1 UŞAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1612

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1602

GOLDENBERRY: USAGE OF FUNCTIONAL FOOD AND ITS EFFECTS ON HEALTH 1

FERIDE AYYILDIZ , MERVE SEYDA KARACIL ERMUMCU

ABSTRACT The goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) is an exotic fruit that is orginated in South America and today it is grown commercially in several countries. It is an annual plant that grows all over the world. It is approximately 2 cm wide and 4-5 g in weight, with smooth, orange yellow skin and it is containing 100 to 200 small yellowish seeds and protected by the calyx. Although goldenberries are generally commercialized as fresh products, the fruits are also used in sauces, syrups, and marmalades or dehydrated similarly to grape raisins for use in bakeries, cocktails, snacks, and cereal breakfast. In recent years, physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics have been studied goldenberry. The goldenberries are popular fruits known for their organoleptic properties (flavor, odor and colour) .They contain high levels of nutritional and antioxidant compounds (provitamin A, vitamin C, bioactive phenolic compounds, some vitamins of B complex and high levels of fiber). So that general chemical composition of the goldenberry has many medicinal uses for potential health benefits. Goldenberry is believed to help maintain a healthy weight (help lose weight) and improve organ function (especially kidney). Its extracts show antioxidant activity, antiinflammatory activity, antihepatotoxic and antiproliferative effects on hepatoma cells In addition, this fruit has potential antidiabetic and antihypertensive effects. Goldenberry have been great interest because of their nutritional and antioxidant properties. It is a promising candidate functional food but further studies are needed about its benefits effects on health. References El-Beltagy AE, Naeem MA, Gaafar AM.Optimization and Quality Attributes of Osmotic Solar Drying of Golden Berry (Physalis peruviana) Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies 2013;19(4): 480-489 Franco LA, Matiz GE, Calle J, Pinzon R, Ospina LF. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts and fractions obtained from Physalis peruviana L. calyces. Biomedica. 2007; 27(1):110-5. Pinto Mda S, Ranilla LG, Apostolidis E, Lajolo FM, Genovese MI, Shetty K. Evaluation of antihyperglycemia and antihypertension potential of native Peruvian fruits using in vitro models. Journal of Medicinal Foods. 2009;12(2):278-91. Valdenegro M, Almonacid S, Henríquez C, Lutz M, Fuentes L et al. The Effects of Drying Processes on Organoleptic Characteristics and the Health Quality of Food Ingredients Obtained from Goldenberry Fruits (Physalis peruviana). 2013;2: 642. Yıldız G, İzli N, Ünal H. Physical and chemical characteristics of goldenberry fruit (Physalis peruviana L.) J Food Sci Technol 2015;52(3):2320-2327.

KEYWORDS goldenberry, functional food, nutrition, health

Corresponding Author: FERİDE AYYILDIZ, feridecelebi_dyt@hotmail.com 1 GAZİ UNİVERSİTY FACULTY OF HEALTH SCİENCES DEPARTMENT OF NUTRİTİON AND DİETETİCS

1613

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1603

ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF LEAF, FLOWER AND STEM OF STYRAX (STYRAX OFFICINALIS L.) GROWING IN ANTAKYA 1

ELIF ÇATIKKAŞ , ALIME EBRU AYDIN

ABSTRACT Styrax officinalis L. (Styracaceae) grows around the Mediterranean region and in East and South-Eastern Asia [1]. S. officinalis was used in folk medicine in the Mediterranean region as antiseptic and against respiratory diseases [2]. Styrax officinalis L. samples (flower, leaf and stem) were harvested in May, September and November 2015 in Antakya. First of all, collected materials were air-dried at the room temperature and then powdered. Later, oil samples were obtained by hydrodistillation for 4h, by using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Essential oils were obtained in a low yield of 0.015 %, 0.008 % and 0.005 % for leaf, flower and stem oils, respectively. The composition of the essential oils of Styrax officinalis L. was determined by GC/MS as below; [1] In the leaf of samples, (E)-2-hexenal (17.5%), linalool (11.8 %) and geranial (5.6 %) [2] In the flower of samples, linalool 26.7 (%). [3] In the stem of samples, Tridecanal (9.9 %) and dodecane (9.3 %), while αterpineol (16.0 %) and eugenol (10.0 %) References: [1] Fritsch, P.W., 1999. Phylogeny of Styrax based on morphological characters with implications for biogeography and infrageneric classification. Syst. Bot. 24, 356-378. [2] Kim, Y.S., Shin, D.H., 2004. Volatile components and antibacterial effects of simultaneous steam distillation and solvent extracts from the leaves of Styrax japonica S. & Z. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 13, 561-565.

KEYWORDS Essential oil, Styrax officinalis L.

Corresponding Author: ELİF ÇATIKKAŞ, eliffcatikkas@gmail.com 1 KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ERMENEK MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 2 MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ

1614

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1604

DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIRADIAL ACTIVITIES OF A NEW IDENTIFIED UNDERGROUND ORCHIDS (RHIZANTHELLA GARDNERI) PLANT FOR THE FIRST TIME IN TURKEY 1

NAZAN DEMİR , SEDEF AŞIK , HAYRUNNISA NADAROĞLU

ABSTRACT The plant was collected by Prof.Dr. Nazan DEMİR from Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, and this plant was diagnosed as a different kind of underground orchid (Rhizanthella gardneri) by the lecturers of Atatürk University, Department of Biology. This orchid species have undergone, this plant development are underground. Also, it has opened red-fuchsia flowers and has been found to have a highly effective odor. The underground orchid species that bloomed in May-June are continuing their work on the registration and identification as Nazdemir gardneri. In order to evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of this plant, total phenolic compound amount determination, cupric ions (Cu2+) reduction capacity by the Kuprak method, Fe3+ reduction capacity by FRAP method, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (O2•-), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH•) scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthioazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) radical scavenging activity was -tocopherol were used as standard antioxidants in the study. It was observed that the Nazdemir gardner plant from the obtained findings exhibited antioxidative reduction activities in an effective manner. It can be thought that it contributes to the protection of the soil since it is grown under the soil. Our studies on the bioactivity and protection of this plant, which is accepted as one of the most valuable flowers in the world, continue.

KEYWORDS Underground orchid, Nazdemir gardneri, Antioxidant activity, Radical scavenging

Corresponding Author: NAZAN DEMİR, nazdemir@mu.edu.tr 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KOZMETİK ÜRÜNLER UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ, 48000 MUĞLA, TURKEY 2 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ERZURUM MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, GIDA İŞLEME BÖLÜMÜ, 25240, ERZURUM, TÜRKİYE

1615

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1605

TOTAL POLYPHENOL CONTENT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM ARUM DIOSCORIDIS SM. VAR. DIOSCORIDIS 1

ERDAL YABALAK , ÖZKAN GÖRMEZ , AHMET MURAT GİZİR

ABSTRACT Arum L. is a genus of flowering plants which belongs to Araceae, represented by 26 species and distributed in Northern Africa, Mediterranean Region, Western Asia, and Europe [1]. Arum dioscoridis Sm. Var. Dioscoridis (A. dioscoridis) which is traditionally used in the Mediterranean gastronomy is a member of Arum L. [2]. Phenolic compounds which belong to phytochemical substances, are secondary metabolite that are generally produced in various plants [3]. In the last few years, they have gained common attention due to their positive impact on human health. Some of the benefits of phenolic compounds are antioxidant activity, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic activities, anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective effects [4]. In this study, we have investigated total phenolic content of A. dioscoridis. Total polyphenol content was determined as 221.5 mg GA/100 g dried weight. Acknowledgements: This study was supported by the Research Fund of Mersin University in Turkey with Project Number: 2017-1-AP1-2207 References: 1. Farid, M. M., Hussein, S. R., Ibrahim, L. F., Desouky, M. A. E., Elsayed, A. M, Oqlah, A. A. E., Saker, M. M., Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 5 (2015) 944-947. 2. Abu-Reidah, I. M., Ali-Shtayeh, M. S., Jamous, R. M., Arraez-Roman, D., Segura-Carretero, A., Food Research International 70 (2015) 74-86. 3. Limmongkon, A., Janhom, P., Amthong, A., Kawpanuk, M., Nopprang, P., Poohadsuan, J., Somboon, T., Saijeen, S., Surangkul, D., Srikummool, M., Boonsong, T., Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 7(4) (2017) 332-338. 4. Skendi, A., Irakli, M., Chatzopoulou, P., Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants In press doi: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2017.02.001

KEYWORDS Arum dioscoridis Sm. Var. Dioscoridis, total polyphenol content, Folin-Ciocalteu

Corresponding Author: ERDAL YABALAK, yabalakerdal@gmail.com 1 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMİSTRY, MERSİN TR-33343, TURKEY

1616

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1606

MUCOSAL BURN ASSOCIATED WITH GARLIC IN A PATIENT WITH DENTAL PAIN: A CASE REPORT 1

ÖZLEM GÖRMEZ , MELIKE BAŞARAN

ABSTRACT Herbal products has been used in many cultures for treating various health problems for centuries. Garlic (Allium sativum L., Fam Liliaceae) which has widespread pharmacological effects, has been used as an alternative treatment method by patients in dentistry. But uncontrolled used of it may lead adverse effects. The aim of this report is to draw attention for the adverse effect occured on the oral mucosa associated with uncontrolled used of garlic. A 38 year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic complaining of severe pain on the right mandibular posterior teeth. It was learned from the anamnesis that the patient had applied garlic topically around his teeth due to the pain. Intraoral examination revealed a broad mucosal burn which has white plaque appearance with eritematous area on the right buccal mucosa, gingiva around the right maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth. Also it was noticed that profund caries at mandibular second and third molar and, maxillary third molar. Dentists should enquire the patient about the use of herbal products while taking the patient`s history and be aware of adverse effects can occur from uncontrolled use of herbs like garlic.

KEYWORDS Garlic, Herbal medicine, Oral mucosa, Mucosal burn

Corresponding Author: ÖZLEM GÖRMEZ, ozlemgormez@sdu.edu.tr 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ AĞIZ, DİŞ VE ÇENE RADYOLOJİSİ ANABİLİM DALI

1617

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1607

ETHNOBOTANICAL USES OF SOME SALVIA L. (LAMIACEAE) SPECIES FROM HATAY (TURKEY) 1

FARUK KARAHAN , AHMET İLÇIM , BERNA DEMIR

ABSTRACT Since ancient times, Salvia L. species have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and skin diseases. Salvia species are commonly used in Anatolia for colds, stomach aches, and sore throats. It is the largest genus of the family Lamiaceae, including over 900 species in the world and represented in Turkey by 94 taxa belonging to 89 species with 50% endemism. This plant is represented by 15 taxa and locally called “Ballık otu”, “Hint Adaçayı”, “Dağ Reyhanı”, “Misk adaçayı” and “Dadırak” in Hatay city. The present study reveals the ethnobotany and traditional medicinal uses of 12 species of Salvia natural distributed in Hatay province (East Mediterranean of Turkey). The data on plants included botanical names, vernacular names, the parts used and specific purpose of use. The common preparation of the medicinal plants in the city are drink as tea and external. Local people commonly use for the remedy of respiratory system disorders, gastrointestinal system disorders, skin diseases and antimicrobial. Our results were comparatively discussed with the other literatures. We believe that fınding of this study will significantly contribute to the ethnobotanical studies at local or regional scales.

KEYWORDS Ethnobotany, Traditional medicine, Medicinal plant, Salvia, Hatay.

Corresponding Author: BERNA DEMİR, bernademir1067@gmail.com 1 MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1618

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1608

THE PROFILE OF VOLATIL OILS OF MENTHA SPP. COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OF TURKEY 1

HARUN DIRAMAN , AMIR SOLTANBEIGI , AYŞEGÜL TÜRK BAYDIR

ABSTRACT

Mentha speices have been consumed for many years in oriental and Mediterrenean culture as tea and nutritional food addition due to their special ﬂavour and aroma properties coming from its volatile oil. The volatile oil of the various types of the Mentha and the components of these various oil indicate main variation under effect of the type, variety, ecological conditions, management and harvesting time. These compositions are mainly used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and perfumery industries. In this study, the volatile oils obtained by a hydro-distillation method from dried leaves of mint grown various lacations (Afyon, Kahramanmaraş and Erzincan) of Turkey are investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS, Agilent Technologies, 7890B) with an HP-Innowax column (Agilent 19091N-116: 60 m×0.320 mm internal diameter and 0.25 μm film thickness). MS scan range was (m/z): 35-450 atomic mass units (AMU) under electron impact (EI) ionization (70 eV). Identifications of the mint compounds were confirmed by using the MS database of US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Wiley libraries and literature data. The volatile oil contents of mentha samples were 0.5 – 1.25 % and refractive indexes were found 1,48148 1,49160. The major volatil compounds of dried leave of Mentha samples were identified D-Carvone (47.83 – 26.93 %), 18-Crown-6 (12.38- 12.45 %),1.8-Cineole (10.03 – 12.25 %) , dl-Limonene (3.19 10.76) for three locations and in addition, Linalool, (16.09%), Linalyl acetate (6.87 %), 18-Crown-14 (6.83 %) and β-Cubebene (4.25%) for Afyonkarhisar sample with representing 99.9%. The high DCarvone compound was determined 47,83 % in Kahramanmaraş sample when the lowest dl-Limonene 3.19 % in Afyonkarahisar sample. There were a remarkable variations among compounds of locations due to Mentha sub-species, different agro-ecological conditions and various harvest techniques, storage conditions. This project is supported by Afyon Kocatepe Univesity AKÜ-BAP (Project No: 16.MÜH.05)

KEYWORDS

Mentha spp, Turkey, volatile oil , refractive index,GC-MS

Corresponding Author: HARUN DIRAMAN, hdiraman@aku.edu.tr 1 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAK. GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ & GIDA KONTROL ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ, AFYONKARAHİSAR 2 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ GIDA KONTROL ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ, AFYONKARAHİSAR

1619

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1609

DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTANT TEA PRODUCED FROM THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS) 1

CEMAL KAYA , ZEYNEP AKŞIT , SEMRA TOPUZ , HÜSEYIN AKŞIT , MUSTAFA BAYRAM

ABSTRACT

Herbal teas are prepared by brewing of dried plant leaves, flowers, fruits or roots in warm or hot water. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) is widely consumed as spice in Turkey. Thyme which has essential oil, is used as natural antioxidant. In this study, it was aimed to determine some important properties of water soluble herbal tea powders produced by spray drying and freeze drying techniques from extracts obtained by applying the classic brewing and boiling method of thyme plant.Instant tea powders were obtained by spray drying and freeze drying techniques from watery extract of thyme. Some physical and chemical properties of these tea powders were investigated. Solubility in water, moisture content, yield, Hunter colour values (L*, a*, b*), total phenolic compounds and total sugar quantities were determined. The antioxidant activity of instant tea powders were evaluated with FRAP and TEAC tests. Some individual phenolic compounds and flavor compounds of thyme tea powders were determined by HPLC and GC-MS, respectively. Moreover, instant thyme tea powders were evaluated for their sensory properties. The results were compared with traditional brewing method.Solubility in water of thyme tea powders by using freeze drying and spray drying techniques were found 96,00; 98,67 and moisture content were found 7,31; 0,18%. Yield of tea powder produced from thyme plant (traditional; freeze dried; spray dried) were found 14,66; 22,10; 21,27 %. Moreover, the hunter colour values of thyme teas prepared by using traditional method, freeze dried powder, spray dried powder were 27,43; 26,12; 25,27 L*, 4,01; 4,70; 5,28 a*, -3,25; -2,44; -2,18 b*. Total phenolic content of tea produced from thyme (traditional; freeze dried; spray dried) were found as 18,90; 30,85; 34,60 mgGAE/100 mL and total sugar quantities were found as 33,93; 37,27; 47,06 mgGE/100mL. FRAP activities were found as 1301,27; 1573,59; 1794,51μmolTE/100 mL and TEAC activities were found as 3807,15; 3949,70; 3967,52 μmolTE/100 mL, respectively. Spray dried herbal tea powders had less flavoring agents because of heat application during drying. Thyme contains volatile oil, carvacrol. The boiling point of carvacrol is 237.7 ° C. Due to the high boiling point, the presence of carvacrol residue in the powdered thyme tea is an expected result. But; other thyme volatile components with lower boiling point are lost during the thermal process applied in production. But, other thyme volatile components with lower boiling point were lost during the thermal process in the production process. When the results of the sensory analysis were examined, the highest average was obtained by traditional method and followed by freeze drying techniques, spray drying, respectively. In this sense, the most important factor may be preservation or losing of volatile aroma components during processes. Because of the unique aroma of the most important feature of thyme tea, it is suggested to add flavor to the thyme tea produced by the spray drying technique.

Corresponding Author: CEMAL KAYA, cemal.kaya@gop.edu.tr 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1620

KEYWORDS Thyme (Thymus vulgaris), instant tea , spray drying, freeze drying

1621

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1610

DETERMINATION OF İSTANBUL BELGRADE FOREST PHARMACOLOGICAL OPTION VALUE BY PEARCEPUROSHOTHAMAN (P & P) MODEL 1

MEHMET ALAN , ALI GÜREL , MEHMET ÖZDEMIR , AHMET TUTAR

ABSTRACT The Belgrad Forest is located on the European side of Istanbul, north of the residential areas, between 28 ° 53''25''29 ° 00''55 '' east latitude and 41 ° 09'' 44'-41 ° 14''40'th latitude . The forest begins to descend in the southeast direction of the Yıldız Mountains as a land structure, resulting in a slight fluctuation in the Istanbul Strait. The highest point is Kartaltepe in the northern part with a rise of 230 meters. Another notable elevation is Kokmuştepe in the north-east of the forest with an elevation of 219 meters. The lowest point within the forest (Kurudere) is 40 meters above sea level. The Belgrade Forest, a natural and cultural heritage, has a flora and variety of plant taxon varieties. It can be seen that the plant contains not only the Balkan Flora in terms of geography but also colchic, mediterranean and central european flora elements which are also in character. In this direction, there are approximately 400 plant taxa and 6 endemic plant taxa in the Belgrad Forest, which has an area of only 5524 hectares. Because of Istanbul's special position, the Belgrad Forest, which has a wide variety of climate, soil and ground forms, allows this variety to live in a wide variety of different species of plants and animals within the forest. The Belgrad Forest, which is the closest forest area to the city center in Istanbul, has been subject to numerous scientific researches due to its importance for the past and present day. One of the most researched forests in Turkey has come into existence. Until now, however, no study has been conducted on the pharmacological option value of this forest, which is the source of this rich biodiversity. The Pearce and Puroshothaman model is based on the rental income approach of Ruitenbeek (1989). This approach is based on the assumption that countries with herbal genetic material that will be necessary for the pharmaceutical sector in the future will need to obtain these assets - rent income, or annuity, in exchange for using the firm, and that this lease value will reflect the pharmacological value of plants. Pearce and Puroshothaman (1992), based on the rental income approach, expressed the medical (pharmacological) value of a plant in a protected biodiversity field that could produce the drug "D" in the future. In this study, pharmacological substances and drugs that can be obtained from Belgrade forests, pharmacological option value according to Pearce and Puroshothaman model; The low estimate was set at 70.60 per unit area, 905.14 with the medium estimate, and $ 12671.97 / ha / year with the high estimate.

KEYWORDS Belgrad Forest, Pharmacological Option Value, P & P Model Corresponding Author: MEHMET ALAN, mehmetalan@ogm.gov.tr 1 ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ 2 ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, MARMARA ORMANCILIK ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ 3 SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ

1622

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1611

THE CHERRY LAUREL: COMPOSITION AND İMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH 1

ŞENOL KÖSE , YAĞMUR ERİM KÖSE

ABSTRACT

Cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis) is a typical summer fruit from the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey and locally called Karayemiş or Taflan. It is consumed as fresh, dried, marmalade, jam, canned and pickled forms in Black Sea Region. Cherry laurel is used in cosmetics industry and treatment of some diseases for example stomach ulcers, bronchitis, eczemas, hemorrhoids and etc. Also ıt is used food additives as flavoring agent. The annual consumption of this fruit is not known precisely because it is sold in local markets in Black Sea Region. It is getting popularity at a commercial scale in the United States, Europe, Asia and Turkey. These fruits contain high levels of micronutrients and phytochemical constituents. Although individual phytochemical constituents of cherry laurel have been studied for their biological activities, the effects of these compounds on human health are not entirely clear. The aim of this review is to outline some physical, mechanical, chemical properties, and bioactive compounds and impact on human health of cherry laurel.

KEYWORDS

Cherry laurel, bioactive compounds, human health

Corresponding Author: ŞENOL KÖSE, senolkose28@gmail.com 1 YUZUNCU YIL UNIVERSITY, ENGINEERING FACULTY, FOOD ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

1623

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1612

MINERAL COMPOSITION OF SOME MEDICINAL MUSHROOM SPECIES GROWN IN VAN PROVINCE (TURKEY) 1

SEMA SEZGIN , ABDULLAH DALAR , YUSUF UZUN

ABSTRACT Minerals are vital chemical compounds for humans which have crucial functions such as maintaining acid-base balance, the osmotic regulation of fluid and oxygen transport in the body and also playing important roles in the catalytic processes within the enzyme system associated with the metabolic, endocrine and immune systems (Koyyalamudi et al., 2013). Mushrooms have been used as important dietary supplements because of their pleasent tastes, nutritional and pharmaceutical properties such as rich protein, low-fat content, secondary metabolites, vitamins and minerals. Tricholoma scalpturatum (Fr.) Quél. (Tricholomataceae), Neolentinus cyathiformis (Schaeff.) Della Maggiora & Trassinelli (Polyporaceae), Chlorophyllum agaricoides (Czern.) Vellinga (Agaricaceae), Tricholoma populinum J.E. Lange (Tricholomataceae) and Lycoperdon utriforme Bull. (Agaricaceae) are five edible-medicinal mushrooms species consumed for their nutritional and therapeutic properties by local people of Van province. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mineral composition of five edible-medicinal mushrooms naturally grown in Van province, Turkey. The mushroom samples (fruiting bodies) were collected from wild areas on October 2016. Different extraction methods were applied in order to reveal the mineral composition of the samples comprehensively. The extractions were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (A.A.S). Within this presentation the concentration of Ag, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Si, Ti, V, Zn, Na, Ca and Fe of the extracts prepared from five edible-medicinal mushroom species will be presented in light of scientifically proven physiological activities if available will be presented. References: 1. Koyyalamudi, S.R. Jeong, S.C., Manavalan, S., Vysetti, B., Pang, G. (2013). Micronutrient mineral content of the fruiting bodies of Australian cultivated Agaricus bisporus white button mushrooms. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 31:109-114.

KEYWORDS Mineral, ICP-OES, AAS, Extraction

Corresponding Author: SEMA SEZGİN, semas.ecz@gmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ

1624

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1613

DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND VOLATILES IN RAW AND PICKLED GREEN/BLACK OLIVES 1

ZEHRA KASIMOĞLU , HILAL ŞAHIN-NADEEM

ABSTRACT Olive (Olea europea), a member of Oleaceae, is native tree of the Mediterranean climate. Its pickled fruits are consumed in daily diet, especially in the breakfast. Olive oil obtained from fruits is also frequently used in the world. The olive may be green or black according to the degree of ripening at harvest. Ripening of olive is a long process that takes place in 6-8 months. The optimum harvesting time differs according to the purpose of the olive processing. If the green table olives are to be processed, the fruits should be harvested when their color turns to yellowish-green (SeptemberOctober). On the other hand, if black olive is desired, the fruits are harvested after the fleshy part become darker (November-December). To get oil, the olives are to be harvested when there is no green fruit in the tree. In this study, dry matter (gravimetric method), total phenolic content (spectrophotometric by using Folin Ciocalteu assay), antioxidant activity (spectrophotometric by using DPPH radical scavenging assay) and volatile components (by SPME-GC-MS) were determined for the Memecik type green and black olives. The samples were obtained from the local processor of Milas (Muğla province, Turkey) during the pickling period of 0, 12, and 25 days. At the end of pickling, dry matter content of the green and black olives increased from 22.89 to 44.71% and from 41.78 to 69.66%, respectively. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity decreased during the pickling. The total phenolic content of the raw green and black olives, which were initially 230.22 and 202.51 mg/100g, respectively, decreased to 190.12 for green olives and to 192.21 mg/100g for black olives after 25 days of pickling. Similarly, the EC50 values of 0.36 and 0.44 g/mg DPPH of the raw green and black olives, respectively, increased to 0.40 in the green olive and 0.52 g/mg in the black olive after 25 days, so that the antioxidant activity decreased. GC chromatogram showed 13 volatiles in the raw green olive while 12 were found in the raw black olive (peak areas greater than 1 %). The main volatile compounds extracted from raw green olive by SPME method (using PDMS / DVB fiber) were 3-O-methyl-D-fructose (19.50%), hexanal (16.52%), butanol (13.96%), butan-2-one (11.76%) and 2propanamine (8.65%) while butanol (18.11%), n-pentanal (14.23%), carbamic acid (9.52%), hexanal (9.32%) and formic acid (8.35%) were the main volatiles in the raw black olive. At the end of pickling, the major volatile components in the green olive were acetic acid (31.79%), mannopyranose (10.76%), D-fructose (10.23%), pentanal (7.25%) and 1,3-propanediol (7.05%) whereas ethanol (31.99%), butanol (18.25%), acetic acid (8.84%), D-mannofuranoside (8.50%) and 1,3-propanediol (4.56%) were in the pickled black olive.

KEYWORDS

Corresponding Author: HİLAL ŞAHİN-NADEEM, hilal.nadeem@adu.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG 2 ADNAN MENDERES UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1625

Olive, pickling, total phenolics, antioxidant activity, volatiles

1626

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1615

EFFECTS OF DRYING TECHNIQUES ON SOME QUALITY PROPERTIES AND LIMONENE CONTENT OF ORANGE PEEL 1

HAMZA BOZKIR , YELIZ TEKGÜL , TANER BAYSAL

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Excessive amounts of solid waste occur in fruit processing plants and consumption of fruit. When these wastes are released directly to the environment, they can cause environmental pollution, besides, wastes that can be used for the production of valuable biomass and nutrients will be lost. For this reason, utilization of food industry wastes provides added value in economic terms. Moreover, it also provides benefits in terms of health and nutrition because the mentioned wastes contain valuable components for human metabolism and enrichment of foods. As a result of orange peel contains ingredients that are important for nutrition, the free radicals that build are strengthening immune system. The orange peel with high bioavailability can be dried and used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of drying techniques on some quality characteristics (color, vitamin content, total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, bulk density, rehydration capacity) and limonene content of the orange peel. Vacuum microwave dryer (877 mbar, 50 °C, 334 watts) and tray dryer (50 °C, 1.5 m/s) were used. It has been found that the vacuum microwave dryer reduces the drying time compared to the tray dryer. Limonene content of orange peel increased with drying process. It has been found that the vacuum microwave dryer significantly preserves color (L*, a*, b*, ΔE, Hue°, and ΔC), vitamin C content, aroma components and total phenolic content more than tray dryer.

orange peel, color, drying, quality, limonene

Corresponding Author: YELİZ TEKGÜL, yeliztkgl_gida@hotmail.com 1 MUNZUR UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, TUNCELİ 2 ADNAN MENDERES UNİVERSİTY, KOSK VOCATİONAL SCHOOL, FOOD PROCESSİNG DEPARTMENT, AYDIN 3 EGE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, IZMİR

1627

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1616

KONJAC (AMORPHOPHALLUS KONJAC) FLOUR YAĞMUR ERİM KÖSE

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Although Konjac (Amorphophallus konjac) is an unknown plant in Turkey, it has been used in countries like China, Japan, Indonesia and South East Asia for many years as a food source and as a traditional medicine. It is a large, perennial exotic plant with large starchy corms (underground storage organ) and a single large leaf. Konjac flour is obtained from the corm which is washed, peeled, sliced, dried and ground. The flour is known to be a valuable source for glucomannan; a high-molecular weight and water-soluble polysaccharide (dietary fibre). The flour is used as a functional food in the form of noodle, spaghetti, rice, tofu and snacks. These foods lower blood sugar in patients with diabets due to konjac glucomannan delays glucose absorption. Furthermore these foods may help weight loss by filling the stomach and promote colonic mucosal health due to increase fecal weight and reduce transit time by dietary fiber. It is also widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries as a emulsifier and stabiliser because of its valuable properties for example it is easily dispersed in water, it is a favorable thickening agent and it has high water absorption. Konjac gel is a well-known traditional medicine in China for more than 2000 years. It is prepared from konjac flour and it is used for the treatment of asthma, breast pain, infection, burns, atopic skin disorders etc. The purpose of this paper was to introduce the konjac flour in a larger scale. Thus, use of the konjac plant in both food and pharmaceutical industry may increase.

Amorphophallus konjac, Konjac glucomannan, Konjac flour, Traditional medicine, Functional food,

Corresponding Author: YAĞMUR ERİM KÖSE, yagmurerim@yyu.edu.tr 1 YUZUNCU YIL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1628

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1617

THE USE OF MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS AND SOCIO ECONOMIC LIFE 1

AYHAN SAYĞI , HÜLYA SAYĞI , MEHTAP BAYKAL , CELAL ERBAŞ

ABSTRACT Our country, which has a rich biodiversity, is home to countless medical and aromatic plants. Since the early days of human history, plants have been characterized as a fundamental resource for the production of medicines used to protect human health, as well as providing the nutrients that humans need for the continuation of human life. Therapeutic use of plants has begun with the history of mankind, and people have used the therapeutic power of plants to solve their health problems and stay healthy. Herbal medicines, which are common in local medical practices, also called alternative medicine, have been produced at the end of long experiences and are widely used today. Many medicines used in modern art are also derived from plants. It was unthinkable that medicinal and aromatic plants with so much precaution did not fall within the scope of economic activities that produced solutions for human needs. As a result, medical and aromatic plants are estimated to reach $ 95 billion in 2015, while the market is expected to reach $ 110 billion by the end of 2016. Turkey's medical and aromatic plants are worth $ 2.5 billion (Source: Dünya Gazetesi 16.03.2017). These figures are proof that our country's medical and aromatic plant diversity is a new opportunity for our people to survive in the countryside. The employment provided in the production process for the medical and aromatic plants of our country will improve the socio-economic situation of the people living in the rural areas by providing justice in the income due to the high income to be provided while being a solution to the problem of unemployment. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the advantages provided by the production of medicinal and aromatic plants and socio-economic development effects.

KEYWORDS Medical Plants, Aromatic Plants, Human Health, Traditional Usage of Plants, Economy

Corresponding Author: AYHAN SAYĞI, asaygi@cu.edu.tr 1 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ YUMURTALIK MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU

1629

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1618

INVENTORY OF MEDICAL AND AROMATICAL PLANTS DERYA MUMCU KÜÇÜKER

ABSTRACT

Interest in medicinal and aromatic plants has greatly increased recently due to their commercial, nutritional and medical importance. These plants derived from natural forests are used as pharmaceuticals, herbal remedies, flavourings, perfumes and cosmetics, and other organic products. Utilization from medicinal plants as traditional remedies is very common for rural population in developing countries. World Health Organization (WHO) decelerated that about 80% of world population still is used medical plants for remedies. Medicinal and aromatic plants play a critical role for health service and rural development because of their additional income. Turkey is considered to be a rich country in terms of plant diversity. Of the estimated 11,707 plant species as well as sub species and varieties (Güner et al. 2012) naturally occurring in the country, about 1/3 are considered as aromatical plants. While about 347 medical and aromatical plants with their parts of leaves, roots, bark, flowers or fruits are consumed in the domestic markets, about 100 plants are exported to the international markets (Başer, 1997). The high economic value in national and international markets caused to increase harvesting of these plants by rural people. Remarkable amount of medical and aromatic plants belonging to about 100 species are being harvested. The urgent need for sustainable utilization from medicinal and aromatic plants is characterizing their species diversity, spatial distribution, abundance and ecology with suitable inventory methods. Because these studies are difficult to measure or time and money consuming for all species, these information should be prepared for economically priority plants. Beside inventory methods, inventory time, sample size and shape for each medicinal and aromatic plants and their beneficial parts have serious deficiencies. This paper tries to highlight all the important aspects in inventory of medicinal and aromatic plants and identify some useful inventory methods for these products.

KEYWORDS

Plant-based NWFP, Sustainable Forest Management, Inventory

Corresponding Author: DERYA MUMCU KÜÇÜKER, dmumcu@ktu.edu.tr 1 MS

1630

Poster Session 12 Submission ID: 1619

STEM AND LEAF ANATOMY OF FOUR MEDICINAL REPRESENTATIVES OF CREPIS L. (ASTERACEAE) 1

KEMAL VEHBI İMAMOĞLU , HÜSEYIN İNCEER , ÖZGE DUMAN , SEMA HAYIRLUOĞLU-AYAZ , NURSEN AKSU1 KALMUK

ABSTRACT The genus Crepis L. belongs to the tribe Cichorieae of the Asteraceae family. Most of this genus’s members have “Crepin” matter. Crepis foetida subsp. foetida, C. foetida subsp. rhoeadifolia, C. vesicaria and C. zacintha are medicinal plants which are used in the folk medicine. However, no stem and leaf anatomy of these medicinal plants have been studied till now. Anatomical studies were performed in the stem and leaf. Transverse sections from middle parts of the stem were taken by hand using commercial razor blades. The leaf anatomy has been observed both side of the leaves. The anatomical characters were measured using an ocular micrometer under the light microscope. The stem structure of Crepis foetida subsp. foetida, C. foetida subsp. rhoeadifolia, C. vesicaria and C. zacintha is composed of epidermis, collenchyma, parenchymatous cortex and pith. These species have anomocytic stomata in both the upper and the lower surface of the leaves. This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project no. 112T132).

KEYWORDS Crepis, anatomy, stem, leaf

Corresponding Author: KEMAL VEHBİ İMAMOĞLU, kvimamoglu@ktu.edu.tr 1 KARADENİZ TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCES, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, 61080 TRABZON

1631

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1622

THE INVESTIGATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND HPLCDAD-MS ANALYSIS OF MAJOR PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF HELICHRYSUM PLICATUM DC. SUBSP. PLICATUM 1

TUĞBA GEZMIŞ , TURGUT TAŞKIN , DUYGU TAŞKIN , BERNA ÖZBEK ÇELIK , İSMAIL ŞENKARDEŞ , SEVDA 1 SÜZGEÇ SELÇUK

ABSTRACT The tribe Gnaphalieae of Asteraceae comprises 185 genera and more than 1240 species. Helichrysum Mill. is the largest genus of this tribe, including approximately 600 species occurring in Europe, Asia, Africa and Madagascar. This genus which is represented by 24 species, 30 taxa of which, 17 are endemic, has been recorded in the Flora of Turkey (1). Helichrysum species are largely known as “ölmez çiçek, altınotu or mantuvar” in Anatolian folk medicine. Helichrysum species have been used as folk medicine for at least 2000 years against gall bladder disorders in the form of medicinal teas, because of their bile regulatory and diuretic effects. In Turkey several Helichrysum spp. are used in folk medicine for removing the kidney stones and as diuretics. The diuretic and bile regulatory effects of the Helichrysum spp. are due to the flavonoids that they contain (2). In Turkish folk medicine, H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum has been used as a diuretic, antidiabetic, lithagogue and for stomach ache (3). The aim of this study was to investigate phenolic composition and compare evaluation of biological activities of H. plicatum subsp. plicatum. In the present study, The total flavonoids contents, antioxidant, anti-urease, antimicrobial activities of different extracts from H. plicatum subsp. plicatum were compared. The extracts were quantitatively analyzed for total flavonoid contents using aluminium chloride colorimetric assays. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured using the DPPH., ABTS.+ scavenging activities and FRAP assay. The urease inhibitory activities of the extracts were determined according to a reported method (4). In addition, antimicrobial activities of extracts were investigated using microdilution methods (5). The methanol extract obtained by using Soxhlet method of H. plicatum subsp. plicatum had the highest amounts of total flavonoids and showed the highest DPPH. radical scavening and ferric reducing activity. Subsequently, we tried to identify the major phenolic compounds in methanol extract by HPLCDAD/ESI-Q-TOF LC/MS. The major phenolic compounds were identified as: chlorogenic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acid, luteolin, luteolin 7-O-glycoside, naringenin-O- hexoside and isoquercetin. References: 1. Öztürk B, Özek G, Özek T, Başer KHC, Chemical Diversity in Volatiles of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subspecies in Turkey, Rec. Nat. Prod. 2014; 8(4) 373-384. 2. Suzgeç S, Meriçli AH, Houghton PJ, Çubukçu B, Flavonoids of Helichrysum compactum and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity, Fitoterapia, 2005; 76 )269-272. 3. Kolaylı S, Şahin H, Ulusoy E, Tarhan Ö, Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacities of Helichrysum plicatum, Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem., 2010; 38 (4) 269-276. 4. Ghous T, Akhtar K, Nasim FUH, Choudhry MA. Screening of

Corresponding Author: TURGUT TAŞKIN, turguttaskin@marmara.edu.tr 1 MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 İSTANBUL YENİ YÜZYIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1632

selected medicinal plants for urease inhibitory activity, Biology and Medicine, 2010; 2 (4): 64-69. 5. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Reference, Wayne, PA. (2002) 22(15).

KEYWORDS H. plicatum subsp. plicatum, phenolic compounds, biological activity, Q-TOF LC/MS

1633

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1623

SUSTAINABLE PLANNING OF MEDICAL AND AROMATICAL PLANTS 1

DERYA MUMCU KÜÇÜKER

ABSTRACT

Turkey forest ecosystems have abundant resources of medicinal and aromatical plants. In case the forest ecosystems are managed based on sustainable production, these natural resources provides economic, ecologic and social-cultural benefits to the people. Medicinal and aromatical plants and mushrooms with their various parts of fruit, leaf, root, flower and bark are vital forest resources and have to be integrated into multiple-use forest management plans. However, these economically important plants is being threatened with forest destruction, land use changes and excessive collection from their natural habitats. Therefore, there is an urgent need to integrate these products into multipleuse forest management plans both conservation and utilization. The initial step towards the integrated management is to perform the inventory and documentation of existing medicinal and aromatical plants. All information on quality and quantity of population as well as their location. It would be necessary to identify priority medicinal and aromatical plants and to decide priority interventions and policies on conservation and harvesting. The second one is to estimate the relationship between these valuable products and climatic, topographic and stand parameters and to develop empirical models to predict the annual yield of these products. The last step of medicinal and aromatical plants integrated management is to use decision support systems enabling decision making process with trade of analysis of both timber and related non-wood forest products (NWFP). Though much information exists on the species diversity in medicinal and aromatical plants in the country, relatively very little is known about the spatial distribution, productivity and ecology of the great majority of medicinal and aromatic plants. This study explains the fundamental components of joint production of timber and medicinal and aromatical plants and conceptional framework of the integration of medicinal and aromatical plants into multiple-use forest management plans. In addition, this paper presents some examples of integration of medicinal and aromatical plants into forest management plans.

KEYWORDS

Forest management, Non-Wood Forest Products, Multiple use planning

Corresponding Author: DERYA MUMCU KÜÇÜKER, dmumcu@ktu.edu.tr 1 KARADENİZ TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY

1634

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1624

APOPTOTIC EFFECT OF FERULIC ACID ON MCF-7 HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINE 1

CANAN EROĞLU , EBRU AVCI , HASIBE VURAL , ERCAN KURAR , MÜCAHIT SEÇME , YAVUZ DODURGA

ABSTRACT Breast cancer is the second considering the most common cancer-related mortality in women. In the worldwide, about 1 million people are diagnosed with breast cancer each year. In recent years, studies have been focused on investigating anticancer features of various phytochemical compounds. These compounds can be used as complementary or alternative therapeutic agents. Ferulic acid (FA; 4Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is known as an abundant phenolic compound found in various fruits and vegetables. It has been described to act as a potent antioxidant and the anticarcinogenic effect of FA has been demonstrated through studies involving various cancer cell lines. The aim of study was to investigate the effects of FA on apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. The effect of FA on cell viability was determined by using XTT method. Total RNA was isolated with TRIzol Reagent. Expressions of genes are important in apoptosis including BAX, BCL2, CASP3, CASP7, CASP8, CASP9, CYCS and FAS were evaluated in control and dose groups by qPCR. IC50 dose of FA was found as 600 μM for 72h in MCF-7 cells. When compared with the control group, qPCR results illustrated that a significant increase was observed in the expressions of FAS, CASP3, CYCS and CASP9 genes as 1.85, 2.35, 2.67 and 5.82 folds respectively, whereas there was a decrease in the expression of BCL2 gene as 1.91 fold. In conclusion, it is thought that FA demonstrates apoptotic effect by regulating expression of important genes in apoptosis on MCF-7 cells. However, further molecular and functional analyses are required to clarify its effect on breast cancer.

KEYWORDS Apoptosis, Ferulic acid, MCF-7 cells

Corresponding Author: EBRU AVCI, ebruavc.87@gmail.com 1 DEPARTMENT OF MEDİCAL BİOLOGY, MERAM FACULTY OF MEDİCİNE, NECMETTİN ERBAKAN UNİVERSİTY, KONYA 2 DEPARTMENT OF MEDİCAL BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF MEDİCİNE, PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, DENİZLİ

1635

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1625

DETERMINATION OF SOME BIOACTIVITIES AND CHMEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TULIP (TULIPA ARMENA) PLANT & INVESTIGATION OF USABILITY AS HOMEOPATIC DRUGS 1

NAZAN DEMİR , ÖZGE AKIN , YAŞAR DEMİR , FATIH UCKAYA

ABSTRACT Tulip (Tulipa armena) plant is from family of Liliaceae. It is a perennial herbaceous plant. The tulip has a special place in eastern culture and mythology. Also it has a unique place in our culture. It has name after a historical period. More than 100 tulip cultivars naturally grow in our soil and a large part of them is endemic. The tulip, a kind of national flower, therefore it has specially selected in our study and it has been investigated whether it can be used in the production of homeopathic medicines by getting some information from the public. Homeopathy is based on the principle of "heal similar alike". A disease is treated only with the substance that produces an indication similar to the patient's complaints. Homeopathy was found by German physician Samuel Hahnemann in the early 18th century and it is an alternative treatment system that helps the body develop itself naturally. According to the data of the World Health Organization, it is the most commonly used complementary medicine method. In Europe, more than 50% of people are treated with homeopathic treatment. Furthermore more than 50% of doctors recommend homeopathy together with other treatment modalities. Homeopathic medicines are produced by the orginal material being stored in water or alcohol followed by a series of dilution and mixing methods. For this purpose, the tulip were collected from Mugla countryside, defined as botanical followed by content analysis was performed with LC MS. Moreover, this research include incestigation of protein, phenolic component and some enzyme activities (protease and peroxidase). Three-phase partitioning method was used for purification of enzyme from flowers of Turkish tulip. The values of optimal pH and optimal temperature were determined. The SDS-PAGE technique was used to check the purity of the purified enzyme and determine the number of subunits, if any. The molecular weight was also calculated using gel filtration chromatography. As a result, the protease enzyme was purified from Turkish tulip flowers and its phenolic components were determined. It has been found that the purified protease enzyme has high activity. The plant extracts were prepared in different organic solvents and water. Forthermore Dilution grades of extracts were determined for animal experiments. As a result of preliminary surveys and content analyzes, it is understood that the plant is a flower that can be used in homeopathy. It is planned that it is submitted to the approval of The Ministry of Health as a traditional and complementary product by optimizing usability as a medicine. REFERENCES [1] Lehninger, A. L. (2013) Principles of biochemistry, Worth Publishers Inc., New York, 1152s. [2] Demir N., Demir Y., Kaya E. and Aydın B., “Cysteine Protease from Primrose (Primula vulgaris)”, Asian Journal of Chemistry, 24(4), 1479-1482 – 2012. [3] Demir N.,Uçkaya F.,2015 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Orange) and Citrus lemon (L.) Burm. F. Purification

Corresponding Author: NAZAN DEMİR, demirn@yahoo.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KOZMETİK ÜRÜNLER UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ, MUĞLA 2 BEZMİALEM VAKIF ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, İSTANBUL

1636

of Protease and Peroxidase Enzymes from Lemon Flowers and Investigation of Endustrial Usability, 44-46s.

KEYWORDS Tulip (Tulipa armena), Homeopathic medicine, Protease enzyme activity, Phenolic compounds

1637

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1627

NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES OF VEGETABLE ORIGIN 1

TUBA BÜYÜKSIRIT , HAKAN KULEAŞAN

ABSTRACT The main goal of food technology is to prevent food spoilage, thereby ensuring food safety in foods is to take control of microorganisms. Therefore, adding additives to the product of microbial activity declines biggest advantage, which can maintain stability for a long time after opening the package of the food. Food industry, competition for the market share to be effective and must meet the demands of consumers. Consumers too much untreated, naturally, at least at the level of protective foods containing chemicals are wanted. Investigate the possibility that new types of antimicrobial drug use is encouraged. Artificial preservatives due to their adverse effects on the health of consumers has increased the interest for natural antimicrobial substances. In recent years, for medicinal purposes and the use of plant nutrients kept focused on the research and therefore the importance of using plants as natural antimicrobials is increasing every day. Natural protection systems of animal, plant or microbial origin are used in the protection of foods. Antimicrobial agents obtained from natural sources such as plants has managed food safety and plant extracts naturally in foods can be used as an antimicrobial has been proven by scientific research. More than 1340 types of plants formed about 80 of them from spices and herbs, most of them have a small molecular weight is known to be a source of potential antimicrobial agents. Studies made until today proved antimicrobial effect of plant extracts such as Parmelia furfuracea L. Zopf. (lichen), Crocus chrysanthus Herbert (crocus), Myrtus communis L. subsp. communis (mersin), Asphodelus aestivus L. (çiris) Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. (carnation), Artemisia absinthium L. (wormwood herb), Ornithogalum Umbellatum L. (akyıldız), Hedera helix (ivy), Datura stramonium (pipeflower), Ficus carica (fig), Avena sativa (oat), Xanthium strumarium (pıtırak grass), Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) etc.

KEYWORDS Antimicrobial, artificial preservatives, natural preservatives, food safety

Corresponding Author: TUBA BÜYÜKSIRIT, tubabuyuksirit@sdu.edu.tr 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1638

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1628

ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND PHENOLIC COMPONENTS OF ENTEROMORPHA INTESTINALIS ALGAE 1

ÜMIT DOKUZPARMAK , YAKUP ŞIRIN , EMRE DOKUZPARMAK , HILAL EBRU ÇAKIR , SEVGI KOLAYLI

ABSTRACT Algea take an important place in the ecosystem because of their protecting effect on the balance of the ecosystem, generating almost one-third of total photosynthetic carbon on Earth, and also feeding aquatic creatures [1]. Enteromorpha genus is a common macrophytic green alga with a tubular thallus found mainly in salty waters. It is often possible to observe some species in from different types of freshwater habitats to the coastal region where photosynthetic light is available. Enteromorpha intestinalis have a wide range of acceptable salinity, temperature and light conditions, meaning that it can be found frequently. Enteromorpha intestinalis have approximately 20-26% protein, some oil ,and 19-23% mineral. They contain low level of sodium and high level of iron and calcium. The level of vitamin B and vitamin A in Enteromorpha intestinalis is higher than that of most plants [2]. In this study, Enteromorpha intestinalis that were gathered from Trabzon-Sürmene in March (2017) were used. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of the algae and phenolic profile were investigated. As antioksidant parameters, total amount of phenolic components, 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazile (DPPH) and Iron(III) reduce/antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were performed [3][4][5]. The total amount of polyphenol in Enteromorpha intestinalis was seen as 240 mg GAE/100g. Via Reversed phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography( RP-HPLC-UV) and liquid- liquid extraction, phenolic components in Enteromorpha intestinalis were analyzed. The amount of gallic asid, p-OH benzoic asid, vanilic asid, coumaric asid, epicatechin, rutin, daidzein, and luteolin were determinated. Protocatequic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, and t-cinnamic acid were not determinated. As results of the study, it is seen that Enteromorpha intestinalis have considerable amount of phenolic components and high level of antioxidant capacity. References; 1. Özdemir, N., & Erkmen, J. (2013). Yenilenebilir biyoplastik üretiminde alglerin kullanımı. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(8): 89-104. 2. Nisizawa, K. (1987). Preparationand marketing of seaweeds as foods. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, pp. 147-189. 3. Benzie, I.F.F., Strain, J. J., In Methods in Enzymology, 299, 15–27, 1999. 4. Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Özyürek, M., Karademir, S. E., J. Agr. Food Chem., 52, 7970-7981, 2004. 5. Yu, L., Haley, S., Perret, J., Harris, M., Vilson, J., Qian, M., J. Agr. Food Chem, 50, 16191624, 2002.

KEYWORDS Algea, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Antioxidant, phenolic

Corresponding Author: ÜMİT DOKUZPARMAK, umitdokuzparmak@gmail.com 1 KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BALIKÇILIK TEKNOLOJİSİ, TRABZON 2 KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ, TRABZON

1639

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1629

USE OF AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL PLANTS BY LOCALS IN SOUTH ASIA 1

HILAL SAHIN-NADEEM , SAID NADEEM

ABSTRACT Plants, both aromatic and medicinal, have been used in different forms by humans throughout the history. Various civilizations have used these plants in different forms; single or a formulation. In Indo-Pak, they are used in the form of Yunani medicine, Ayurveda and other folk medicines. In Ayurveda medicinal system, the formulation may be derived from roots, leaves, seeds, fruits and barks of various plants. Purified opium is used in eight Ayurvedic preparations to cure diarrhea, dysentery, as well as to increase the sexual and muscular ability. Yunani medicinal system is based on the teaching of Greek physicians Hippocrates and Galen. This medicinal system is mostly used in Pakistan and muslim cultured central Asia as an alternative to chemotherapy. This system was practiced in Mughal India for treatments of different diseases. Various plant extracts are prepared in the form of syrups and pastes for oral administration. In addition to the medicinal plants, there are various locally prepared perfumes in the market that are used in the religious activities by Muslims and Hindus.

KEYWORDS Aromatic plants, Yunani medicines, Ayurvedic medicines, south asia, folk medicines

Corresponding Author: HİLAL SAHİN-NADEEM, hilal.nadeem@adu.edu.tr 1 ADNAN MENDERES UNİVERSİTY 2 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN UNİVERSİTY

1640

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1631

FOLK MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF TOKAT 1

SEMRA TOPUZ , MUSTAFA BAYRAM , CEMAL KAYA , MEHMET GÜLDANE

ABSTRACT

Tokat which take part in Karadeniz region, is flanked by Samsun to the north, Amasya to the northwest, Yozgat to the southwest, Sivas to the southeast, and Ordu to the northeast. Yeşilyurt and Sulusaray districts of Tokat remain in Central Anatolia Region. Tokat is located between 39° 51'- 40° 55' north latitudes and 35° 27'- 37° 39' east longitudes. Surface area of Tokat is 10,071 km2 and elevation from sea level of agricultural land varies between 230 m and 1500 m. Climate type of Tokat has transition characteristic. Tokat has considerably rich flora of medicinal and aromatic plants due to convenient of climate and soil characteristics. Some of the medicinal and aromatic plants grown in Tokat are peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), sage (Salvia officinalis), madımak (Polygonum cognatum Meissn), sorrel (Rumex acetosella), yarrow (Achillea filipendulina), couch (Agropyron repens), mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb), hollyhock (Alcea rosea ), wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), daisy (Bellis perennis), lavandula (Lavandula spp.), echinacea (Echinacea spp.), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), garlic (Allium sativum) haw (Crataegus aronia ), herba equiseti (Equisetum arvense ), fumitory (Fumaria officinalis), tipton’s weed (Hypericum perforatum), mallow (Malva sylvestris L.), caper (Capparis spp.), lemon balm (Melisa officinalis L.), rosehip (Rosa canina), holunder (Sambucus nigra), butterbur (Tussilago farfara), nettle (Urtica sp.), mullein (Verbascum pyroliforme), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), poppy (Papaver somnuferum L.), sorb (Sorbus L.), linden (Tilia L.), black sesame (Nigella sativa), cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.), goji berry (Lycium barbarum), jujube (Ziziphus zizyphus), etc. Increasing interest of consumers in health care, herbal medicines and organic, natural foods reawaken medicinal and aromatic plants in the world. Medicinal and aromatic plants can used against high blood pressure, kidney ailments, rheumatism, urinary system diseases stomach ailments, diabetes, anaemia etc in folk remedy. For instance, Madımak (Polygonum cognatum Meissn) is widespread in agricultural areas or non-agricultural areas such as cropland boundaries, roadsides, slopes and the cliffs in Tokat. Besides being consumed as food, Madımak is used diuretic and againist nephrolithiasis and diabetes mellitus in folk remedy. Medicinal and aromatic plants which has wide field, are used mainly at pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and chemical. There are some private establishment on medical and aromatic plants in Tokat and its region. Studies for improving the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants are being carried out in Tokat.

KEYWORDS Folk medicine, aromatic plant, medicinal plant, Tokat

Corresponding Author: SEMRA TOPUZ, semra.topuz@gop.edu.tr 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK VE DOĞA BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1641

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1632

USE OF SEVERAL MEDICAL AROMATIC HERBS WITH ANTIOXIDATIVE AND ANTI-MICROBIAL EFFECT IN FOODS 1

FADİME SEYREKOĞLU , SULTAN ACUN

ABSTRACT Medical and aromatic herbs and the products such as essential oils obtained from those herbs are widely used in medicine, cosmetic, and food industries, as well as they meet the food requirement of humans in our country and throughout the world. Various antimicrobial and anti-oxidative materials used in order to maintain the physical, chemical, and biological properties of foods may be exposed to various sorts of deterioration during the storage period. Since it was determined that the use of synthetic preservatives causes various diseases, their use in food was limited. In food industry, the researches on natural materials to be used in order to prevent the oxidation and microorganism-origin deteriorations were initiated. In such studies, many of medical and aromatic herbs were found to contain high level of antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. It was determined that the herbs such as thyme, sage, rosemary, black sesame, ginger, and marjoram were found to have antimicrobial effect on microorganisms such as E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus. Moreover, the essential oil components such as Carvacrol p-cymene were found to have preventive effect on lipid peroxidation. Prevention of oxidation positively affects maintaining the sensorial qualities of foods such as taste and color, and this contributes to the higher quality of products to be served to customers after a storage period. The medical and aromatic herbs being used may also be utilized in order to flavorthe foods. Furthermore, some of the plants might be used as tea. In performed studies, the bee balm plant used as additive in food industry was found to have antioxidant effect on gels, fruit salads, and cold beverages and to neutralize the free radicals. Beside the use of medical and aromatic herbs in foods, they are also used in feeding the animals, and they were reported to contribute to increasing the quality of layer hens and broilers. In recent years, when the use of natural materials in food products instead of using synthetic antioxidant or antimicrobial agents increased, these natural herbs having positive effects on human health should be corroborated and encouraged via the researches.

KEYWORDS Antioxidant, antimicrobial, oxidation.

Corresponding Author: FADİME SEYREKOĞLU, fadime.tokatli@amasya.edu.tr 1 AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1642

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1633

THE ROLE OF NUTRACEUTICALS ON HEALTH 1

SEMRA TOPUZ , MUSTAFA BAYRAM , CEMAL KAYA , MEHMET GÜLDANE

ABSTRACT

The nutraceutical term is combination of ‘’nutrition’’ and ‘’pharmaceutical’’ words. Nutraceuticals which have strong physiological functions and bioactivitie, can protect health and restrain some diseases, is regulated as drug, dietary supplement, food ingredient or food. They show protective or physiological benefits against chronic diseases, but they are not considered as medicines. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), hyaluronic acid (HA), glucosamine (GlcN), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), glutathione (GSH), alpha-ketoglutaric acid (αKG), vitamin B12, folate, riboflavin, carotenoids (β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin etc.), glutathione (GSH), oleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (ARA), conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), γ-linolenic acid, coenzim Q10, β–glucan, ascorbic acid, caffeic and gallic acid, catechins, phytosterols, minerals (zinc, calcium etc.), resveratrol, quercetin, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, capsaicin, inulin, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can be given as example of nutraceuticals. Nutraceutical have shown therapeutic effects. For instance, caretenoids have capacity to quench oxidative radicals, They exhibit anticancerogenic effect. Lycopene which reduces the risk of prostate, breast, digestive tract, bladder, skin and cervix cancer, is found tomatoes, watermelons and red grapefruits. Phytosterols reduce serum cholesterol levels in humans. When foods containing βglucan is consumed, blood cholesterol, LDL cholesterol levels and the risk of coronary heart disease are reduced. Hyaluronic acid which extracted from animal tissues, stimulate fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. CLAs reduces plasma lipoproteins, strengthens immunity and inhibits cancer cells. α-KG induces procollagen and protein synthesis, regulates blood sugar level, helps treated to nervous system diseases and acute lung injury. Nutraceuticals have many more effects such as hypolipidemic, antiinflammation, antiaging, antidepression, antiulcer, immunity booster, detoxifier, etc. Nutraceuticals are usually obtained by chemical synthesis and extraction from natural sources. Microbial synthesis is more convenient for nutraceutical production due to the fact that chemical synthesis and extraction from natural sources have some disadvantage such as requirement high energy, occurrence of toxic by-products. GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) strains are used for microbial synthesis of nutraceuticals. Lactic acid bacteria, propionibacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Yarrowia lipolytica, Spirulina from GRAS strains used production of common nutraceuticals such as hyaluronic acid, trehalose, folate, riboflavin, carotenoids, conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), γ-linolenic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Nutraceuticals are generally considered safe, but they can be harmful if taken at high doses. Morover, People which posses special conditions such as chronic patients, pregnants should consult their doctor or pharmacist before using nutraceuticals. KEYWORDS Nutraceutical, nutrition, bioactivitie, health. Corresponding Author: SEMRA TOPUZ, semra.topuz@gop.edu.tr 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK VE DOĞA BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1643

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1634

AN ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY ON THE HERBALISTS IN TRABZON 1

ÖZGÜR EMINAĞAOĞLU , HAYAL AKYILDIRIM BEĞEN , ELIF AYGÜN , SONGÜL ÖZKAN

ABSTRACT The study area was in Trabzon province which has a rich structure for ethnobotany and floristic studies with its history and cultural values. The study was conducted with data of questionnaire performed in urban, 10 herbalist and local people used this herbalist in Trabzon. The study aimed to reveal the utilization of medicinal and aromatic plant of urban and rural people. The rates of plant utilization, the plants they use and the problems they have encountered and their suggestions were determined. Information regarding latin name, public name, medicinal and other uses, opinion and problems were collected with this questionnaires. Demographic characteristics of participants also recorded. As a result of this study, we took an inventory of these plants, classified the plant species into their respective families. The plants with the most sales are, linden, carob, rosehip, daisy, corn tassel, nettle, sage and ginger. It was determined that local people use more medicines and they prepare their herbal medicines by themselves. Native people used medicinal plants most frequently for the treatment of sedative problem, diuretic, constipation problem, diarrhea, blood pressure disorders, respiratory tract problem and intestinal disorders. This research therefore, specifically determined the ethnobotany of plants for reproductive health conditions;

KEYWORDS Herbalist, Ethnobotany, Trabzon, Medicinal, Aromatic

Corresponding Author: ELİF AYGÜN, trelifaygun@gmail.com 1 ARTVİN CORUH UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF FORESTRY, DEPARTMENT OF FOREST ENGİNEERİNG, ARTVİN

1644

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1635

THE USE OF ST. JOHN’S WORT EXTRACT IN PRODUCTION OF PROBIOTIC AYRAN 1

FADİME SEYREKOĞLU , HASAN TEMİZ , SULTAN ACUN

ABSTRACT Use of St. John’s wort in depression and treatment of cancer and diseases originating from certain viruses increases its use value. Although it is widely used for medical purposes, its use in food products is not that wide yet. Given the literature, the use of this plant in foods is very limited. Total phenolic matter content of the extract of this St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) used in this study was determined using various solvents, and the values obtained were compared. Moreover, some of the characteristics of probiotic ayrans prepared using St. John’s wort extract (Hypericum perforatum L.) were analyzed. In this study, 3 types of ayrans were prepared by adding 3 concentrations of St. John’s wort extract (0.1, 0.01, and 0.005%). While preparing the extracts, total phenolic content was 677.85 g/kg GAEin case of using ethanol as solvent and 656.6 g/kg GAE in case of using methanol. In this study, the effects of addition of St. John’s wort extract into the ayrans on titration acidity, pH, dray matter content, taste/odor, and general hedonic scale scores were examined. According to the results obtained, it was determined that, of the probiotic ayrans, dry matter content of Ayran A (added with 0.1% St. John’s wort extract ), Ayran B (added with 0.01% St. John’s wort extract ), and Ayran C (added with 0.005% St. John’s wort extract ) to be 12.0301%, 11.9586%, and 11.9511%, while the acidity values were found to be 0.648, 0.594, and 0.639, respectively. pH values were also determined to be 5.46, 5.64,5.63. While statistically significant differences were observed in acidity and pH parameters, no significant difference was found in dry matter content (p<0.05). From the aspect of taste-odor and hedonic scale scores, the samples added with 0.005% extract were appreciated at most. The use of this plant, use of which is difficult and not preferred in general, can be increased by using it in food products appreciated by people. As in this study, its extract can be made in beverages such as ayran that is widely consumed by young individuals, and thus a new, alternative and healthy product can be obtained. Use of such a plant in a food that we widely consume in our daily lives may improve its usability.

KEYWORDS Probiotic ayran; St. John’s wort ; phenolic.

Corresponding Author: FADİME SEYREKOĞLU, fadime.tokatli@amasya.edu.tr 1 AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1645

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1637

MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF POMEGRANATE PEEL 1

HACER İÇEN , ARIF CAN KILIÇ

ABSTRACT The pomegranate peels are rich in terms of ellagitannins which are valuable pharmacologic components (ellagic acid, gallic acid, punicalin and punicalagin (A and B)). It can be obtained these chemicals with pomegranate peel extraction, as well as it can also solve waste problem of pomegranate processing plants. In this study, pomegranate peels were extracted by microwave assisted extraction method to investigate the effect of extraction time, solvent /solid ratio, solvent type and ratio and particle size on extraction yield. Ellagic acid in the extract was determined by HPLC. Experimental studies are under way.

KEYWORDS pomegranate peel, microwave assisted extraction

Corresponding Author: HACER İÇEN, hacericen@osmaniye.edu.tr 1 OSMANİYE KORKUT ATA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1646

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1638

OBTAINING LEMON PEEL OIL WITH SOLVENT-FREE MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION 1

HACER İÇEN , HAVVA MUMCU ŞIMŞEK , HANDE NUR ERGEN

ABSTRACT Lemon peel which is food and beverage production processes' waste, includes many pharmacologic components such as fatty acid esters, phenols, coumarin derivates such as osthole, hexadecane and squalene, terpene derivatives. The aim of this study is obtaining lemon peel oil with solvent-free microwave assisted extraction which is eco-friendly. The effects of microwave power and extraction time are investigated. The most extraction yield as 0,128 g oil/g lemon peel were obtained 360 W microwave power and 12 minutes extraction time.

KEYWORDS lemon peel, solvent-free microwave assisted extraction

Corresponding Author: HACER İÇEN, hacericen@osmaniye.edu.tr 1 OSMANİYE KORKUT ATA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1647

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1640

NEXT GENERATION DNA MARKERS IN SALVIA L. FOR ENGINEERING OF HIGH-QUALITY PLANTS WITH ENHANCED ACTIVE INGREDIENTS 1

MEHMET KARACA , AYŞE GÜL İNCE , ADNAN AYDIN

ABSTRACT An ideal DNA maker system is expected to have: (i) high level of polymorphism, which is the simultaneous occurrence of allelic variability for a trait within the same population; (ii) co-dominant inheritance to allow discrimination of homozygote and heterozygote locus; (iii) frequent occurrence in a genome to assay more genomic regions or genes; (iv) selective neutral to environmental conditions, developmental stage of the organism or management practices; (v) easy access (availability); (vi) easy, sensitive and fast assay; (vii) high reproducibility within and between experiments and (viii) easy exchange of data between laboratories. The second and third generation sequencing (NGS) methods greatly affected the ways of DNA marker development and utilizations. Among the second generation DNA sequencing method, 454 pyrosequencing, Solexa deep RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), Illumina RNA-seq have been utilized to identify genes involved in pathways of secondary metabolism in Salvia L. Data obtained from these experiments are used to aid in the selection and engineering of highquality plants with enhanced active ingredients. These data obtained in these experiments have also been used DNA marker development studies. Several emerging and established next generation approaches including restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq), specific length amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing and genotyping by sequencing analyses are breakthrough technologies that enable scientists to efficiently discover and genotype large amounts of genetic information, in any plant species. Genotyping by sequencing seems to have advantages over to RAD-seq and SLAF-seq techniques in terms of sample preparation, amplification, analyses and reduced cost. Next generation DNA marker techniques could be used in single nucleotide polymorphism and microsatellite identification, genome wide association studies, construction of high-density genome maps, phylogenetics studies, identification of candidate genes and genetic linkage analysis. In comparison to conventional DNA markers such as RFLP, CAPS, SCAR, SNP, SSCP and SSR, next generation DNA markers do not need sequence information, many sample handling, PCR and purification steps. They have efficient bar-coding system and capable of high-throughput, mass parallelisation of simultaneous marker discovery and genotyping. Also these techniques do not require high cost per marker analysis. The genus Salvia L. consists of about 1000 species, most of which have not been genetically characterized at the DNA level. Sufficient DNA markers in the genus have not been developed, and the most of species in the genus Salvia do not have high-density genetic linkage maps. Thus next generation DNA marker technologies could be very helpful for genetic studies of Salvia. Among these next generation marker technologies, SLAF-seq has already used in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, also known as “danshen”. In a previous study researchers extracted from two parents and their 96 F1 individuals of Salvia and subjected to high-throughput SLAF-seq studies. A total of 155.96 Mb of data

Corresponding Author: ADNAN AYDIN, aydina@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1648

contained 155,958,181 pair-end reads. The final linkage map consists of 5,164 SLAFs in 8 linkage groups and spans 1,516.43 cM, with an average distance of 0.29 cM between adjacent markers. In this study, step by step comparison of next generation DNA marker technologies are made and advantages and disadvantages of these technologies in comparison to old and next generation methods are discussed.

KEYWORDS DNA markers, marker development, Next Generation Sequencing, Salvia, SNP

1649

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1641

MICRONUTRIENT MINERAL COMPOSITION OF PLANTAGO ANATOLICA TUTEL & R. MILL. 1

MUZAFFER MÜKEMRE , ABDULLAH DALAR

ABSTRACT Plantago anatolica Tutel & R. Mill. is an endemic medicinal plant species which is growing in Eastern Anatolia Region and extensively used in the treatment of various disorders by indigenous people. Plant species belong to Plantago genus have been extensively used in folk medicine worldwide and in our country. Although the phytochemical composition and various health attributing properties of these species were partly investigated, there is no or relatively limited study in the scientific literature regards to Plantago anatolica. Within this study, investigation of Plantago anatolica plant in the respects of micronutrient mineral composition was targeted. Plant materials were extracted by using 4 different extraction methods: sequential extraction (using different organic solvents sequentially including n-hekzan, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, acetone, ethanol and pure water), infusion, decoction and pure water extraction. Micronutrient mineral compounds were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (A.A.S). Within this presentation the amount of Ag, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Si, Ti, V, Zn, Na, Ca and Fe of different lyophilized extracts obtained from plant materials will be discussed with the updated scientific literature.

KEYWORDS Plantago anatolica, minerals, extraction,

Corresponding Author: MUZAFFER MÜKEMRE, mukemre.muzaffer@gmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1650

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1642

EFFECT OF AIR DRYING TEMPERATURE ON DRYING KINETICS, ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF CELERY LEAVES 1

SENEM TÜFEKÇI , EZGI ÖZGÖREN , SAMI GÖKHAN ÖZKAL

ABSTRACT Effect of air drying temperature on drying kinetics, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of celery leaves Senem TÜFEKÇİ1, Ezgi ÖZGÖREN2, Sami Gökhan ÖZKAL2* 1 Pamukkale University, Vocational School of Acıpayam, Department of Food Processing, Denizli, Turkey, 1 Pamukkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Denizli, Turkey, *Presenting Author: S.G. ÖZKAL (sgozkal@pau.edu.tr) Drying of spices and herbs is a common method for producing of flavoring ingredients. Celery leaves have characteristic aroma and odor that makes them a potential flavoring agent. It also have medicinal usage against asthma, bronchitis, and rheumatism. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of drying temperature on dehydration kinetics, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic components of celery leaves. For this purpose, celery leaves dried in a hot air oven and drying temperature was chosen as 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. Drying temperature effected drying rate of celery leaves and shortened drying time significantly. Time to reduce moisture ratio of samples to 0.05 for drying experiments at 40°C, 50 °C and 60 °C air temperatures was found as 140, 80 and 60 minutes, respectively. Five different thin layer drying models were fitted to experimental drying data. Page and Modified Page models gave the higher R2 (0.9903-0.9982) and lower χ2 (0.000089-0.001073) and RMSE (0.002579-0.007279) values, and therefore these models were found to be the most suitable models for describing drying characteristics of celery leaves. The transport rate of water during drying was described by effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) based on Fick's equation and its value was found as 2.74 × 10-10, 4.56 × 10-10 and 7.30 × 10-10 m2/s for samples dried at 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C, respectively. The values were in agreement with the general range of 10-12 – 10-8 m2/s for drying of biological material. Dried celery leaves were analyzed for antioxidant activity and total phenolic content using 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Folin-Coiocalteu methods. Both antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of the samples dried at 40°C had higher values. Results suggest that there is no significant (p>0.05) difference in antioxidant activity and total phenolic content between dried samples. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content showed a slight reduction for 50°C dried sample in comparison with 60°C sample. Therefore, 60°C can be selected as a drying temperature for celery leaves by considering the short drying time and negligible losses of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content.

KEYWORDS

Corresponding Author: SAMİ GÖKHAN ÖZKAL, sgozkal@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF ACIPAYAM, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD PROCESSİNG 2 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG

1651

Celery leaves, air drying temperature, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, mathematical modelling

1652

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1646

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY SCREENING OF FRANGULA ALNUS 1

ALI YETGİN , KEREM CANLI , ILGAZ AKATA , ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER

ABSTRACT According to traditional medicine of America and Europe knowledge, some species of Frangula genus are widely used. Frangula alnus bark extracts have anticancer, antifungal, antioxidant, antiviral and antibacterial activity, so it is significant for official and folk European medicine. Barks of this medical plant investigation were applied against 17 bacteria and 1 fungi by using disk diffusion method. These microbial strains include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida geniuses. Twelve of them are standard species and they are important for exact determination of antimicrobial potential. 6.32 and 21.06 mg samples were prepared by using ethanol extraction method. The results were presented that F. alnus has antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains. Six of them have high susceptibility (higher than 15 mm); nine of them have moderate susceptibility (14-10 mm) and only three of them have low susceptibility (9-7 mm).

KEYWORDS Frangula alnus, medicinal plant, antimicrobial activity, disc diffusion method, ethanol extract.

Corresponding Author: ALİ YETGİN, ali1992yetgin@gmail.com 1 DEPARTMENT OF BİOTECHNOLOGY, INSTİTUTE OF ENGİNEERİNG AND SCİENCE, IZMİR INSTİTUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, IZMİR, TURKEY 2 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNİVERSİTY, IZMİR, TURKEY 3 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ANKARA UNİVERSİTY, ANKARA, TURKEY 4 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE AND ARTS, KASTAMONU UNİVERSİTY, KASTAMONU, TURKEY

1653

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1647

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS ON ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN LUNG CARCINOMA (A549) CELLS 1

EMINE TORAMAN , YELIZ DEMİR , HAMID CEYLAN , ORHAN ERDOĞAN

ABSTRACT Current therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer Disease (AD) focus on increasing acetylcholine (Ach) bioavailability at the synapse. Therefore, revealing enzyme response against therapeutic agents that alter acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is extremely important for orienting treatment strategies. Today, there is an increasing considerable interest in the use of essential oils as alternative therapeutic. In this study, we investigated the biological activity (acetylcholinesterase inhibition) of some essantial oils (Helichrysum italicum and Rosmarinus officinalis) in A549 cells. For this purpose, human lung cancer cells (A549) were treated with different concentrations of Helichrysum italicum ( 1-10 µl/well) and Rosmarinus officinalis (1-5-10 µl/well) essential oils. Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil was found the active AchE inhibitor followed by Helichrysum italicum essential oil. Decreased AChE activities in A549 cells were observed in a dose-dependent manner. We aim that the results to be obtain from this study is considered to be contribute for further researchs that may result in the annotation of therapeutic drugs improvement or treatment strategy for AChE related diseases.

KEYWORDS A549, Acetylcholinesterase, Essential oil, Inhibition

Corresponding Author: HAMİD CEYLAN, hamid.ceylan@atauni.edu.tr 1 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1654

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1649

COMPARISON OF ANTIOXIDANT CONTENTS OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS FROM A FRESHWATER ALGAL SPECIES 1

BÜLENT AKAR , ZEYNEP AKAR , BÜLENT ŞAHİN

ABSTRACT Algae, including both microscopic and macroscopic organisms are photosynthetic organisms that develop in all environments except extreme drought place. Especially, they are the main source of primer productivity in all aquatic ecosystems. Generally, to supply both medicine and food for people are used organisms which easily cultivated and accessed. However, in recent times due to the increasing needs, use of algae having rich biological diversity are also increase in these areas. Algae are used in many industries such as food, medicine, cosmetics, construction, textile, paper, biofuels and microbiological media. Microspora sp. (Chlorophyta = Green Algae) was collected from localised a lake at an altitude of 2730 meters in the district of Torul in Gümüşhane province in Turkey. Algal samples were collected at a depth of 0-0.5 m from the surface of the lake during the summer when the biomass was high (algal bloom present). The obtained sample was washed several times with distilled water, dried, then ground, and methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared. Antioxidant activity of each extract was determined by three different antioxidant assay methods: DPPH cleaning, iron (III) reduction / antioxidant power (FRAP) and copper (II) reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). When the calculated test results were compared, similar results were observed in all three methods. While the highest antioxidant activity was determined in methanol extract (31.15%), the lowest activity was measured in acetonitrile extract (8.97%). In conclusion, Microspora sp. has antioxidant activity in different solvents. Therefore, studies can be made for its use in many fields, such as mainly food and medicine.

KEYWORDS Microspora sp., DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC, Antioxidant

Corresponding Author: BÜLENT AKAR, akarblnt@gmail.com 1 GÜMÜŞHANE UNİVERSİTY, GÜMÜŞHANE VOCATİONAL SCHOOL, DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, 29100, GÜMÜŞHANE, TURKEY 2 GÜMÜŞHANE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG AND NATURAL SCİENCES, DEPARTMENT OF GENETİCS AND BİOENGİNEERİNG, 29100, GÜMÜŞHANE, TURKEY 3 KARADENİZ TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY, FATİH EDUCATİON FACULTY, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, 61300, TRABZON, TURKEY

1655

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1650

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY SCREENING OF RHYNCHOSTEGIUM MEGAPOLITANUM 1

ALI YETGİN , KEREM CANLI , ILGAZ AKATA , ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER

ABSTRACT In North America, Europe and China, bryophyte have been used as medicinal purpose since 400 years ago. Although antifungal and antibacterial potential of some bryophyte species are determined, most of them are not investigated. Broad range antimicrobial activity of bryophyte species is became a crucial, therefore related research must be applied. In this research, antimicrobial potential of Rhynchostegium megapolitanum against a wide range of microorganisms was analyzed. The analyses contain ethanol extract of R. megapolitanum against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal species. These microbial strains include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida geniuses. Twelve of them are standard species and they are important for exact determination of antimicrobial screening. 0.34, 0.68 and 1.13 mg samples were prepared and their activity was analyzed by using agar diffusion method. Our present study has shown that R. megapolitanum has antimicrobial activity against eight of the studied species. Antimicrobial potential of R. megapolitanum are being investigated for the first time.

KEYWORDS Rhynchostegium megapolitanum, bryophyte, antimicrobial activity, disk diffusion method, ethanol extract.

1656

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1651

USAGE OF NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS IN TURKEY 1

NAZAN AKTAŞ , EBRU BAYRAK

ABSTRACT Dietary support and nutrient enrichment for the treatment and prevention of nutritional problems are interventional methods commonly used in both developed and developing countries. Nutritional supplements are defined as vitamins and minerals can be used in the form of pills, capsules, syrups in quantities corresponding to high doses. These generally have a wide array of including vitamins, minerals, amino acids, essential fatty acids, fibre, various plants and their extracts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of nutritional supplements according to age, gender, settlement and NUTS 12 regions in Turkey. In this review, data was obtained from Turkey Nutrition and Health Survey (TNHS)-2010 about the use of nutritional supplements. At the TNHS-2010, the participants were asked about the nutritional supplements they had used in the last week; were evaluated according to the variables such as age, gender, settlement and NUTS 12 regions. In Turkey, 23.9% of children aged 0-5 use at least one nutritional supplement. When the use of nutritional supplements was examined according to the region, it was seen that the highest usage rate was in Western Marmara (34.1%) and the least used region was Middle East Anatolia (15.6%) for this age group. The most commonly used nutritional supplements for children in this age group were vitamin D and iron supplements. The rate of use of food supplements in children aged 6-11 years was low (3.1%) and it was determined that they did not use vitamin D, folic acid and iron as nutritional supplements. When the age of 12 years and over were examined, the most commonly used nutritional supplements were reported as vitamin B12 and zinc as the least used. When evaluated in terms of gender, it was determined that the highest amount of calcium (3.4%) and vitamin B12 (3.3%) were used in women, and vitamin B12 (1.6%) was the highest in men in Turkey. When nutritional supplements are used, the amount of consumption and type of these supplements must be determined by the experts. Determining the rates of these products is important at the point of setting the strategies for producers, the state and related non-governmental organizations.

KEYWORDS Nutritional supplements, TNHS-2010, gender, age

Corresponding Author: NAZAN AKTAŞ, naktas@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1657

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1653

COMPARISON OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BAKED AND RAW MATERIALS OF GYROMITRA ESCULENTA 1

KÜBRA ELIK , MEHMET ÖZTÜRK , ERHAN KAPLANER , ZAIN ULLAH , YUSUF SICAK , MEHMET EMIN DURU , 2 3 4 ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ , RIADH BEN MONSOUR , MEHMET HÜSEYIN SINGEÇ

ABSTRACT Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Baked and Raw Materials of Gyromitra esculenta Kübra ELİKa, Erhan Kaplanera, Zain Ullaha, Yusuf SICAKa,b, Abdulselam ERTAŞc, Riadh Ben Mansourd, Mehmet ÖZTÜRKa, Mehmet Emin DURUa E-mail: kubra_elikk@hotmail.com aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Muğla Sitki Koçman Üniversity, Mentese-Muğla, Turkey bDepartment of Herbal and Animal Production, Köyceğiz Vocational School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Koycegiz-Muğla, Turkey cDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Sur-Diyarbakır, Turkey dEcole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de la Soukra km 4 - 3038 Sfax, Tunisia Abstract Gyromitra esculenta (Pers.) Fr. is delicious food consumed in Scandinavian countries to Anatolia. Gyromitra esculenta is found in temperate coniferous forests, especially in coniferous trees, which grow on sandy soil; It is a mushroom species that has a redbrown cover under pine trees and sometimes poplar trees and darkens as it gets older. Locally, it is called false morel and when consumed raw it poisons. Despite poisonous in raw form, Gyromitra esculenta is very popular and has been consumed in Scandinavia and North America. It is sold in the market with attached cooking instructions; and consumed in omelets, soups, salads and other common food. Before consume, required cooking should be even necessary. The active constituent of this mushroom exhibiting toxic effects is gyromitrine which is hydrolyzed to monomethylhydrazine during cooking. In giromitrin hydrochloric acid and ethanol catalysis the input is converted to monomethylhydrazine (MMH) This toxin affects liver, central nervous system and sometimes kidneys. Because of its consumption and widely growing in Anatolia it was aimed to study the antioxidant activity of extracts of both raw and baked materials. Gyromitra esculenta (Pers.) Fr. was purchased from local market and divided in to two parts. One part was baked in an oven at 200°C for 30 minutes. The other part was left raw. Then both cooked and uncooked materials were airdried under shadow. The dried both samples were grinded and extracted with petroleum ether, acetone and methanol and water, successively. The extracts were studied for their antioxidant activity using complimentary assays; for this purpose, CUPRAC experiments were carried out based on measuring the total antioxidant amount based on β-carotene-linoleic acid chromophore method, DPPH free radical scavenging activity method, ABTS cation radical scavenging antioxidant activity method and copper (II) reduction capacity. For each antioxidant activity assay, the extracts were dissolved at concentrations of 4000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 1000 ppm and 500 ppm, respectively. These solutions were chosen as the control solution. The initial absorbance was adjusted according to each method by Corresponding Author: KÜBRA ELİK, kubra_elikk@hotmail.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 ECOLE NATİONALE D'INGÉNİEURS DE SFAX, ROUTE DE LA SOUKRA KM 4 - 3038 SFAX, TUNİSİA 4 MUGLA SİTKİ KOCMAN UNİVERSİTY

1658

means of a spectrophotometer. For example, the initial absorbance at 517 nm for the DPPH assay was chosen as 490 nm for the β-carotene linoleic acid decolorization method. The absorbance values of the control solution in the cuvettes and the absorbance values of the sample substances in the test result were compared and the results were calculated. The total phenolic content of the extracts was determined as pyrocatechol equivalents. The results in β-carotene lipid peroxidation and DPPH radical scavenging experiments, it was shown that the gyromitra esculenta mushroom samples cooked for each of the petroleum ether, acetone, methanol and water extracts had higher antioxidant capacity than the raw extracts. Keywords: Gyromitra esculenta, Antioxidant activity, Baking effect Acknowledgement: This study is supported by the TUBİTAK with the Project number KBAG114Z635. References [1] Mat, Afife. (2000). Türkiyede Mantar Zehirlenmeleri ve Zehirli Mantarlar, Nobel Tıp Kitapevi Press, 2.Edition, Istanbul Turkey. [2] Arshadi, M., Nilsson, C., Magnusson, B., 2006. "Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination of the pentafluorobenzoyl derivative of methylhydrazine in false morel (Gyromitra esculenta) as a monitor for the content of the toxin gyromitrin", Journal of Chromatography A, 1125(2), 229-233.

KEYWORDS Gyromitra esculenta, Antioxidant activity, Baking effect

1659

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1656

THE INVESTIGATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-UREASE ACTIVITIES AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF THYMUS PRAECOX SUBSP. SKORPILII VAR. SKORPILII 1

ABDULKADIR UÇMAN , DUYGU TAŞKIN , TURGUT TAŞKIN

ABSTRACT Thyme species (genus Thymus, family Lamiaceae) are well known aromatic perennial herbs used extensively throughout the Mediterranean basin. This genus is represented by 38 species and altogether 64 taxa, 24 of them are endemic in Turkey. Members of this genus are called ‘‘kekik” in Turkish and are used as herbal tea. Several thyme species are used as medicinal remedies against a variety of diseases as well as for aromatic, culinary, and food preservative purposes. A wide range of biological and pharmacological properties have been reported for these species, such as antiseptic, antitussive, expectorant, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory activities. These biological and pharmacological properties have been mainly attributed to the rich essential oils contained in the majority of thyme species as well as nonvolatile compounds including polyphenols and flavonoids (1,2). Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii essential oil was found to contain thymol and ocymene as the major components (2). The aim of this study was to investigate phenolic composition and compare evaluation of antioxidant and anti-urease activities of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii. In the present study, The total phenolic contents, antioxidant and anti-urease activities of different extracts from Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii were compared. The extracts were quantitatively analyzed for total phenolic contents using FCR assays. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured using the DPPH., ABTS.+ scavenging activities and FRAP assay. The urease inhibitory activities of the extracts were determined according to a reported method (3). The methanol extract of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii had the highest amounts of total phenolics (0.070±0.0001 mgGAE/mg extract) and showed the highest biological activity (ABTS radical scavening activity: 98%; FRAP: 17.40±0.004 mM FeSO4/mg extract). Subsequently, we tried to identify the major phenolic compounds in methanol extract by HPLC-DAD/ESI-Q-TOF LC/MS. The major phenolic compounds were identified as: chlorogenic acid, luteolin 7-O-glycoside, quercetin hexoside, apigenin 7-O-glucuronide and feruloylquinic acid. References 1.Jamali CA, Bouzidi LE, Bekkouche K, Lahcen H, Markouk M, Wohlmuth H, Leach D, Abbah A, Chemical composition and antioxidant and anticandidal activities of essential oils from different wild Moroccan Thymus species, Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2012; 9 1188-1198. 2.Ozen T, Demirtas I, Aksit H, Determination of antioxidant activities of various extracts and essential oil compositions of Thymus praecox subsp. Skorpilii var. skorpilii, Food Chemistry, 2011; 124 58-64. 3.Ghous T, Akhtar K, Nasim FUH, Choudhry MA. Screening of selected medicinal plants for urease inhibitory activity, Biology and Medicine, 2010; 2 (4): 64-69.

Corresponding Author: DUYGU TAŞKIN, duygu.susuz@yeniyuzyil.edu.tr 1 MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 İSTANBUL YENİ YÜZYIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1660

KEYWORDS Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii, phenolic compounds, antioxidant anti-urease, Q-TOF LC/MS

1661

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1659

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTANT TEA PRODUCED FROM MINT (MENTHA PIPERITA L.) 1

TE D

ZEYNEP AKŞIT , SEMRA TOPUZ , CEMAL KAYA , MUSTAFA BAYRAM , HÜSEYIN AKŞIT

ABSTRACT

Mint (Mentha piperita L.) is widely consumed as herbal tea in Turkey. Mint which is a very old culture plant, take parts among the medical plants due to its biological effects such as antiinflammatory, cardioprotective, antioxidant, antibacterial. In this study, it was aimed to enhance alternative methods for instant mint tea production. Instant tea powders were obtained by spray drying and freeze drying techniques from watery extract of mint. Some physical and chemical properties of these tea powders were investigated. Solubility in water, moisture content, yield, Hunter colour values (L*, a*, b*), total phenolic compounds and total sugar quantities were determined. The antioxidant activity of instant tea powders were evaluated with FRAP and TEAC tests. Some individual phenolic compounds and flavor compounds of mint tea powders were determined by HPLC and GC-MS, respectively. Moreover, instant mint tea powders were evaluated for their sensory properties. The results were compared with traditional brewing method. Solubility in water of mint tea powders by using freeze drying and spray drying techniques were found 96,23; 98,33 and moisture content were found 5,56; 0,24%. Yield of tea powder produced from mint (traditional; freeze dried; spray dried) were found 13,77; 23,53; 23,28%. Moreover, the hunter colour values of mint teas prepared by using traditional brewing, freeze dried tea powder, spray dried tea powder were 26,04; 26,19; 26,56 L*, 3,81; 4,06; 4,48 a*, -3,65; -2,45; -1,82 b*. Total phenolic content of tea produced from pepermint (traditional; freeze dried; spray dried) were found as 12.01; 30.85; 34.24 mgGAE/100 mL and total sugar quantities were found as 36,07; 40,98; 44,94 mgGE/100mL. FRAP activities were found as 2936,73; 3774,64; 4323,66 μmolTE/100 mL and TEAC activities were found as 2854,18; 3398,69; 4008,85 μmolTE/100 mL, respectively. Hesperidin, rosmarinic acid, linarin, didimin, nevadensin, retusin were identified and quantified of pepermint teas by using high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The amount rosmarinic acid (major phenolic of mint) determined 5,73; 15,17 and 15,58 mg/100 mL, respectively. The amount of phenolic compounds obtained by spray drying and freeze drying techniques are higher than traditional brewing method. However, spray dried herbal tea powders had less flavoring agents because of heat application during drying. When the results of the sensory analysis were examined, the highest average was obtained by traditional method and followed by freeze drying techniques, spray drying, respectively. In this sense, the most important factor may be preservation or losing of volatile aroma components during processings.

KEYWORDS Mint (Mentha piperita L.), instant herbal tea, spray drying, freeze drying Corresponding Author: CEMAL KAYA, cemal.kaya@gop.edu.tr 1 GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1662

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1660

AMINO ACID COMPOSITIONS OF SOME IMPORTANT AROMATIC PLANTS 1

MEHMET FATIH CENGIZ , NILDA ERSOY , TIMUR TONGUR , TANER ERKAYMAZ , ONUR BASANÇELEBI

ABSTRACT The goal of the research was to determine the similarities and differences in the compositions of amino acids in some important aromatic plants grown by Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in Turkey. In the study, Pimpinella anisum (anise), Nigella sativa (blackcumin), Papaver somniferum (poppy), Coriandrum sativum (coriander) and Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) samples were examined. Chromatographic separations of amino acids were achieved by an Hypersil Gold 100 mm x 2.1 mm x 1.9µm C18 column with 5mM ammonium acetate in water: MeOH (95:5) %0.1 formic acid (A) and MeOH (B). Separated amino acids were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MSMS) without the need for derivatization. A total of 15 amino acids (arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine and valine) were analyzed. The method was found to be selective, linear (r2>0.99) and precise for all of interested amino acids. The limits of the quantifications (LOQ) were found to be in the range from 0.53 to 1.20 mg kg−1. Results showed that the amino acid contents of anise, blackcumin, poppy, coriander and fennel were found to be 2511.04, 422.54, 666.96, 594.19 and 579.05 respectively. None of the analyzed samples was contained cysteine. Threonine, histidine and valine amino acids were detected in only anise samples. In addition, the highest concentration of lysine, arginine, aspartic acid, proline, methionine, tyrosine, leucine + isoleucine and phenylalanine amino acids were found in anise samples. Fennel has the highest concentration of serine. In conclusion, anise has the most valuable aromatic plant in tested samples due to its high content of amino acids. Therefore, it can be preferred in medicinal and healthcare treatment which aminoacid compositions are accepted as important.

KEYWORDS Amino acid, Aromatic plants, Composition

Corresponding Author: MEHMET FATİH CENGİZ, fcengiz@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1663

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1661

INVESTIGATION OF FİELD CROPS AND SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS (SIDERITIS CONGESTA DAVIS ET HUBERMORATH) OF CULTIVATED MOUNTAINS 1

EMINE BİLGİNOĞLU , YÜKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT This research has beenconductedunder Konya ecologicalconditionstodetermine the effect on yıeld and qualitysomecharacters of nitrogenfertilizersapplied at the differentdoses of Sideritis congesta inMedicinal Plants laboratory and Medicinal PlantsExperimental Farm of AgricultureFaculty, SelcukUniversty. Experiment wasdesigned and applied inrandomizedcompleteplotdesign with threereplications in the year of 2012-2013. Accordingtoresults of thisresearh; the plantheight of Sideritis congesta 58.66-64.33 cm, the number of floweringbranches 49.00-55.00, freshfloweringyield 446.66-623.33 kg / da, essential oil yield 0.24-0.33 % and major essential oil component (β –pinene) wasvarriedbetween. 43.245 and 48,459. The highestdrugfloweryield and essential oil yieldformountaintea in Konya and similarecology 10 kg/da nitrogenfertizerapplication is reasonabled.

KEYWORDS Mountaintea, Sideritis congesta, Essential oil, β –pinene, Fertilizer

Corresponding Author: EMİNE BİLGİNOĞLU, bilginogluemine@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1664

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1663

HERBAL MEDICINES USED IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES IN VAN PROVINCE (TURKEY). 1

ABDULLAH DALAR , MUZAFFER MÜKEMRE , SEMA SEZGIN

ABSTRACT Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. (American Diabetes Association, 2012). The prevalence of diabetes for all age-groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030 (Wild et al., 2004). Commercially available antidiabetic drugs (acarbose, metformin, miglitol and voglibose) used in the treatment and/or management of diabetes have potentially hazardous side effects (liver problems, diarrhoea etc.). Phytopharmaceuticals are seen as complementary medicines or an alternative to conventional medicines with fewer side effects. Phytochemicals identified from traditional medicinal plants present an exciting opportunity for the development of newer antidiabetic agents. Some natural herbal sources which have extraordinary antidiabetic potential are tea polyphenols, pine bar extract, and kotalanol. Local people of Van province have been used various medicinal plants in the treatment of diabetes for a long time. Antidiabetic preparations have been used as valuable alternative and/or complementary agents to conventional medicines in the province. We have detected several antidiabetic herbal medicines in this region such as Diplotaenia sp., Ferula sp., Heracleum sp., Artemisia sp., Centaurea sp., Helianthus sp., Helichrysum sp., Astragalus sp. and etc. Within this presentation scientific and local names of these plant species used in the treatment of diabetes, their preparation and utilization methods will be presented. References: 1. American Diabetes Association., 2012. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diab. Care. 35 (Suppl.), 64-71. 2. Wild, S., Roglic, G., Green, A., Sicree, R., King, H., 2004. Global prevalence of Diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diab. Care. 27 (5), 1047-1053.

KEYWORDS Diabetes, Van province, herbal medicines

Corresponding Author: ABDULLAH DALAR, dalar.abdullah@gmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1665

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1664

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS IN SOME HERBAL TEAS 1

İLHAMI KARATAŞ , NUSRET GENÇ , RAHIME KARATAŞ , MAHFUZ ELMASTAŞ

ABSTRACT Medicinal and aromatic plants are widely used as herbal teas for the prevention or remedy of many diseases because of their high antioxidant activity and secondary metabolite contents. Antioxidant activity and metabolite contents of plants are analyzed in different solvents and extraction methods in scientific research; however they are widely consumed from peoples in boiling water infusion. The aim of this study is to determine total phenolic, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of some herbal tea including, mint (Mentha piperita), lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis), marshmallow (Althea officinalis), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla ), green tea (Camellia sinensis), sage (Salvia officinalis). The antioxidant activity of these six medicinal and/or aromatic plants were evaluated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.), ferric reduction power (FRAP) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radicals (ABTS·+). The samples (1 g) were brewed in boiling water (100 ml) for 5 minutes and the extracts were used for estimation of these parameters. The extraction method was specially selected in the form of widespread use by people. Total phenolic content of the extracts ranged from 6.71 ± 0.29 to 89.82 ± 0.78 mg GAE /g DW. The extract of Camellia sinensis exhibited the highest total phenolic content. The flavonoids concentrations of the extracts ranged from 0.292 ± 0,003 to 0.965 ± 0.02 mg QUA/g DW from which the extract of Salvia officinalis had the highest flavonoids content. Among the plants studied, Camellia sinensis showed the highest antioxidant activity in terms of the three parameters. After the green tea, the highest ABTS and FRAP activities were observed in Mentha piperita and Salvia officinalis respectively, but the DPPH activity of the Salvia officinalis is higher than Mentha piperita.

KEYWORDS Medical and aromatic plants, phenolic compounds, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP

Corresponding Author: İLHAMİ KARATAŞ, ilhami.karatas@gop.edu.tr 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA UNİVERSİTY, ALMUS VOCATİONAL SCHOOL, TOKAT 2 GAZİOSMANPAŞA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCİENCES, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMİSTRY 3 MİDDLE BLACK SEA TRANSİTİONAL ZONE AGRİCULTURAL RESEARCH INSTİTUTE TOKAT

1666

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1665

EFFECTS OF PLANT-DERIVED COMPONENT TRANS FERULIC ACID, RESVERATROL AND COMBINATION ON RAT BRAIN CANCER GLIOMA (C6) CELL LINES 1

NEBIYE PELIN TÜRKER , AYTEN BOSTANCI

ABSTRACT Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydrocystilbene), a polyphenolic compound, is a natural phytochemical found in many plant species including red grapes, blueberries, peanuts, various fruits and herbs as well as in processed products such as wine. Resveratrol, which acts as an antioxidant to prevent DNA damage that can lead to tumor formation in healthy cells, induces the onset of apoptosis in cancer cells. Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-cinnamic acid, FA) is a compound commonly found in plants. It is synthesized from phenylalanine or L-tyrosine and is formed essentially as a trans isomer. Ferulic acid, which is known to effectively cleave free radicals, is known to have a number of physiological functions, including a strong anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, by increasing the stress response. In this study, the effects of trans ferulic acid, resveratrol and combinations on time and attenuated rat brain cancer, Glioma (C6) cell line, were investigated in phenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity in shells, roots and hips of fruits and vegetables. Rat brain cancer cell culture (C6); Cells grown with Dulbecco's Minimum Essential Medium (DMEM), HAMS F 12 (1: 1) + 5% FBS and containing trans ferulic acid, resveratrol and combinations between doses 0.19-100 μM were incubated for 24 hours at 37 ° C, 5% CO2 incubator. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT method (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide). The IC50 values of the working materials were determined by PROBIT analysis of SPSS 18 statistical program and applied to C6 cell lines and intracellular metal determinations were made by DNA-RNA isolations, fluorescence staining and apoptotic cell images and ICP-MS. cDNAs were obtained from the obtained RNAs and gene expression levels were examined. The IC50 values of the substances administered in the C6 cells at the 24th hour were determined as 100 µM. The application of trans ferulic acid, resveratrol and combinations led to DNA damage (Sod: 23.5 fold, 8.8 fold, 4.0 fold, CAT: 5.4 fold, 1.9 fold, 1.3 fold) by inducing increases in oxidative stress genes in C6 cells. When trans ferulic acid alone was applied, the cytochrome c in the inner surface of mitochondria with a 2.8-fold increase in BAX gene was cytosolic and complexed with APAF-1, resulting in a 12.0-fold increase in the amount. In addition, the tumor suppressor is suppressed by the increase in the p53 gene and apoptosis begins. In resveratrol administration, a 5.8fold increase in BAX gene resulted in a 29.9-fold increase in the amount of cytochrome-c and initiated apoptosis with the apoptosis inducing protein APAF-1. In addition, the combination of trans ferulic acid and resveratrol has been tumor suppressed by a 16.1-fold increase in p53 gene expression in glioma cells. Furthermore, in the RAPD-PCR results, the combination of trans ferulic acid and resveratrol in combination resulted in more deaths than those performed alone, suggesting that this death may be due to oxidative stress when considered in changes in real-time PCR results. As a result; Corresponding Author: NEBİYE PELİN TÜRKER, pelinturker1988@hotmail.com 1 TRAKYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ TEKNOLOJİ ARAŞTIRMA VE GELİŞTİRME UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ

1667

Trans ferulic acid, a plant-derived component, and resveratrol brain cancer cell line Glioma C6 cells, which induce cell death by inducing oxidative stress and also impair mitochondrial structure, thereby enhancing the function of apoptosis proteins.

KEYWORDS Trans Ferulic Acid, Resveratrol, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Brain Tumor

1668

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1666

THE ANTICANCER AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF L-DOPA, GALLIC ACID AND MIXTURES OF THESE SUBSTANCES ON RATTUS NORVEGICUS BRAIN CANCER CELL LINE (C6) 1

AYTEN BOSTANCI , NEBIYE PELIN TÜRKER

ABSTRACT The dopamine, a neurotransmitter substance and released from the brain, provides communication between nerve cells. Dopamine deficiency causes Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and cancer. It is thought that L-DOPA, an amino acid used as a substitute for dopamine that does not break the blood-brain barrier, exhibits dopamine metabolism in the brain and thus exhibits an action mechanism. It is known that L-DOPA, which is used in the absence of dopamine, is found in bean plant.Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA), a natural antioxidant, is a polyhydroxyphenol compound with many fruit types such as green tea, grape, strawberry, and banana.It has been observed that GA induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines but does not have a cytotoxic effect on healthy cells. In this study, we aimed to asses single and combined effect of l-dopa and gallic acid on rattus norvegicus brain cancer (C6) cell lines. C6 cells were grown in cell media (Dulbecco’s Minimum Essential Medium (DMEM), HAMS F 12 (1:1)+ % 5 FBS). Cells, were treated with single and combined in 0.78 to 800 µM doses of octopamine, naringin, p-coumaric acid, and then incubated 5% CO2 incubator in 37°C for 24 hours. Cell viability were observed by MTT assay ( 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide ). IC50 values of the studied substances were determined by PROBIT analysis of SPSS 18 statistical program and applied to C6 cell lines. DNA-RNA isolations, intracellular metal determinations by ICP-MS and apoptotic cell images by fluorescence staining were performed. CDNA libraries were generated from the obtained RNAs. The IC50 values at 24 hours of the substances administered in C6 cells were determined as µM. The application of L-dopa, gallic acid, and combinations caused oxidative stress in C6 cells, leading to DNA damage by bringing 2,5 fold, 12,2 fold, 3,6 fold, 1.4 fold, 8.7 fold, 4.8 fold increase in SOD gene respectively. Bcl-2, which is an apoptosis inhibitor, was broadly suppressed in the administration of the combination of L-Dopa and Gallic acid to glioma cells and showed a 3.0-fold increase in BAX compared with the control.This increase in BAX gene disrupted the mitochondrial membrane and initiated apoptosis by providing cytosolic release of cytochrome-c.L-dopa and Gallic acid alone did not inhibit the activity of BCL-2 but increased the mitochondrial ion balance.Furthermore, in RAPD-PCR results, it is thought that application of the combination of l-DOPA and gallic acid alone is more effective on cancer cells than antagonistic effect in cells. As a result; The herbal origin of l-DOPA and gallic acid showed an anticancer effect on the brain cancer cell line glioma C6 cell lines and it has also been determined that gallic acid induces cell death by producing more oxidative stress in C6 cells compared to l-Dopa and combination alone.

Corresponding Author: AYTEN BOSTANCI, aytensari@trakya.edu.tr 1 TEKNOLOJİ ARAŞTIRMA VE GELİŞTİRME UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ

1669

KEYWORDS Gallic Acid, L-Dopa, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Brain Tumor

1670

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1667

FULVIC ACID POTENTIAL OF HUMUS CREATED IN LOCATIONS OF THE RHODODENDRON (RHODODENDRON PONTICUM L.) IN WEST BLACK SEA REGION 1

ALI GÜREL , MEHMET ÖZDEMIR , AHMET TUTAR

ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to reveal the potential of fulvic acid of humus formed at Rohododendron (Rhododendron Ponticum L.) locations in West Black Sea Region. It is thought that humic substances occurring in these locations will constitute an important resource for fulvic acids. Fulvic acids are macromolecular compounds found application area in wide range as agriculture, industry, environment and biomedicine. Plot areas was taken from humus created on O2 (organic) horizon in 27 different locations with 3 replicates in the spreading area of Rhododendron in this work. It was used 35 ml (25,25 gr) from the resine of XAD-8 for the extract of 100 ml fulvic acid in the purification of fulvic acid. It was utilized various spectroscopic methods as FTIR and UV for the characterization of the purified fulvic acid structures. Structural and combination properties related fulvic acids is obtained using the methods of UV-Visible, IR methods and some decomposition. The results found from this research were compared with values of 3 different Turkish leonardite. According to this, the amount of fulvic acids in its content of the humic substances in locations of Rhododendron in Black Sea region is found as 7,12 % while fulvic acid content of humic substance originated from leonardite is average 0,2 % . Bu durum ormanlardaki humusun fulvik asit için önemli bir potansiyel oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. This situation, it is seen that humus in the Rhododendron forests is an important fulvic acid source.

KEYWORDS Rhododendron humus, fulvic acid, humic substances, leonardite

Corresponding Author: ALİ GÜREL, ali.gurel_@hotmail.com 1 ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, MARMARA ORMANCILIK ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ 3 SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ

1671

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1668

INVESTIGATION OF FİELD CROPS AND SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS (SIDERITIS STRICTA DAVIS ET HUBERMORATH) OF CULTIVATED MOUNTAINS 1

EMINE BİLGİNOĞLU , YÜKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT This research has beenconductedunder Konya ecologicalconditionstodetermine the effect on yıeld and qualitysomecharacters of nitrogenfertilizersapplied at the differentdosesof Sideritis stricta in Medicinal Plants laboratory and Medicinal PlantsExperimental Farm of AgricultureFaculty, SelcukUniversty. Experiment wasdesigned and applied inrandomizedcompleteplotdesign with threereplications in the year of 2012-2013. Accordingtoresults of thisresearh the plantheightof Sideritis stricta 118.33-138.66 cm, the number of floweringbranches 14.30-32.60, freshfloweringyield 513.33743.33 kg / da, essential oil yield 0.06-0.10% and major essential oil component (β –pinene) wasvarriedbetween. 27.8 and 38,666. % Accordingto the results of thisresearch; The highestdrugfloweryield and essential oil yieldformountaintea in Konya and similarecology 10 kg/da nitrogenfertizerapplication is reasonabled.

KEYWORDS Mountaintea, Sideritis stricta, Essential oil, β –pinene, Fertilizer

Corresponding Author: EMİNE BİLGİNOĞLU, bilginogluemine@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1672

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1670

THE ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF THE ACETONE, METHANOL AND WATER EXTRACTS CRATAEGUS MONOGYNA JACQ SUBSP MONOGYNA COLLECTED FROM THE EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY 1

ÖZEL ÇAPIK , MERYEM ŞENGÜL KÖSEOĞLU , RAHIMEH JABERI , GÜLERAY AĞAR

ABSTRACT The genus Crataegus is the largest genus among the subfamily in the family Rosaceae which comprises 2830 species in 95 genera, which are generally known as the hawthorns. Crataegus monogyna (C.M) is one of the most common species used as the “hawthorn” of traditional herbalism. In traditional medicine, hawthorn has been widely used to treat human diseases. The Crataegus monogyna has enough research on the biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective and antiinflammatory. The clinical studies have shown that there are no significant adverse effects associated with hawthorn consumption. There are a great number of studies that suggest the huge potential of Crataegus monogyna fruit extract in the treatment of various toxicities due to the presence of various bioactive natural compounds, such as flavanonoids and triterpenic compounds. But up to now there are limited number of investigations related to Crataegus monogyna Jacq subsp monogyna species antioxidant activity. In this working was aimed to determine antioxidant activity of acetone, methanol and water extracts of Crataegus monogyna Jacq subsp monogyna fruits in different concentrations (5; 10; 20; 40 and 80 µg/mL) that collected in the eastern Anatolia, Turkey by DPPH(2, 2-Diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. The fruit extracts are used as fresh due to their broad pharmacological effects and minimal adverse effects. Extracts at different concentrations were added to 0.5 mL of methanolic DPPH solution (0.1 mmol). The estimated time of reaction (30 min) was determined by considering the reduction of the absorbance at 517 nm. The absorbance was measured at room temperature, in darkness, against a blank. The absorbance of the control (3ml of methanol in 0.5 mL of DPPH solution) was measured. According to the results of the study, Crataegus monogyna Jacq subsp monogyna has antioxidant activity. The strongest antioxidant activity of acetone and methanol extract could be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols. The 40-80 µg/mL doses of fruit extracts were more effective than other doses. As a result, Crataegus monogyna Jacq subsp monogyna can be recommended for future clinical trials and chemotherapheutic drugs aimed at examining its beneficial effects.

KEYWORDS Antioxidant capacity, DPPH, Crataegus monogyna

Corresponding Author: ÖZEL ÇAPIK, ozlcpk.36@gmail.com 1 ÜNİVERSİTE

1673

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1671

USE OF AROMATIC PLANTS TO REDUCE RUMINAL METHANOGENESIS AND AMONIA CONCENTRATION 1

SEMA YAMAN , SIBEL CANOĞULLARI DOĞAN , MUSTAFA BOĞA , İLKNUR UÇAK

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Aromatic plants, also known as herbs and spices, have been used in the Middle East since approximately 5000 BC for their preservative and medicinal properties, in addition to enhancing the aroma and flavour of foods. Currently, there is an increasing interest in using herbs and spices in animal nutrition, in order to replace the use of antibiotics and ionophore anticoccidials, after the ban of antibiotics used as feed additives in 2006 by EU. The aromatic plants, their extracts and their essential oils have been examined due to their advantages over the antibiotics as growth promoters. They are residue free and generally recognized as safe. Aromatic plants and its essential oils have been used to manipulate ruminal metabolism in order to improve feed efficiency and animal productivity. Some promising results have been obtained from in vitro batch culture studies that essential oils or their components have the potential to improve nitrogen and/or energy utilization in ruminants. It has shown that some aromatic plants derived substances had a strong bactericidal activity against pathogenic bacteria. This has prompted some researchers to study potential of aromatic plants derivatives to reduce ruminal methanogenesis for limiting the release of this gas into the atmosphere. In vivo research using novel aromatic plants in rumen nutrition has the potential to benefit animal production and health, as well as the environment. In this review effect of aromatic plants and its essential oils on reducing ruminal methane and ammonia and its mode of action in the rumen will be focused.

aromatic plant, essential oils, ruminant, methane, ammonia, mitigation

Corresponding Author: SEMA YAMAN, semayaman@ohu.edu.tr 1 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TARIM BİLİMLERİ VE TEKNOLOJİLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, HAYVANSAL ÜRETİM VE TEKNOLOJİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, 51240 NİĞDE 2 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TEKNOLOJİLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, HAYVANSAL ÜRETİM VE TEKNOLOJİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, 51240 NİĞDE 3 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BOR MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, BOR, NİĞDE

1674

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1672

USE OF LICORICE ROOT (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA) IN ANIMAL FEED AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT 1

SIBEL CANOĞULLARI DOĞAN , SEMA YAMAN , MUSTAFA BOĞA , İLKNUR UÇAK

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Interest in aromatic plants and extracts has been increased following the ban of antibiotics use in animal nutrition in 2006 due to the risk of animal and human health. These plants and extracts are natural and reliable substances and they have been used widely for medical purposes and as spices for centuries. Since food safety is at the forefront nowadays, the use of natural additives and extracts have gained of importance. For this reason, great emphasis is placed on the use of plants and extracts containing antioxidant active compounds in their structure. As a matter of fact, these plants and extracts have some characteristics such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antilipidemic, antifungal, antiviral, digestive system stimulator and also have some positive effects on organism such as optimizing performance, improving feed efficiency and vitality. Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is among the oldest and most widely known medical plants in the world. A large number of pharmacologically active compounds have been isolated from the Licorice root plant. The main components of these bioactive compounds are triterpenoid saponins and various types of phenolic compounds. Experiments on animals have shown that the bioactive substances contained in the plant caused significant decreases in plasma total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and increases in the HDL-cholesterol content. It has been shown that licorice root causes an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity. This review provides a brief overview on general structure of the Licorice root and its use as an active ingredient in animal nutrition.

active ingredient, animal nutrition, aromatic plant, extracts, Licorice root

Corresponding Author: SİBEL CANOĞULLARI DOĞAN, sibelcanogullari@gmail.com 1 ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1675

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1673

MEDICINAL USES AND CHEMICAL CONTENTS OF MARIGOLD (CALENDULA OFFICINALIS) PLANT 1

CAHIDE YETIŞ , ŞAHANE FUNDA ARSLANOĞLU

ABSTRACT It is as old as human history that people meet their clothing, food and treatment needs from natural products. The increase in the world population and the development of the industry have rapidly increased the availability of the active substances from the plants found in the ending country, and the demands of the countries of the world have also increased. When the origins of the drugs developed between 1981-2006 were examined, 32% of them were proved to be natural or semisynthetic. In addition, the fact that nearly half of the drugs are based on natural resources, prompts drug development efforts to the nature. The effect of herbal medicines on human health is extremely important. Herbal remedies for the prevention and treatment of various diseases have been used since ancient times. Marigold (Calendula officinalis) used for the treatment of external and internal wounds is not cultured for any purpose except being an ornamental plant in our country. . For this reason, cultural studies and evaluation as a herbal drug in our country at the scientific level of work is almost not to be tried. The plant, which is unique to the Mediterranean, is a single annual and perennial varieties and has 20-30 varieties. The plant is green every season. It is called as “pot marigold”, “calendula”, “ringerblume” and “souci des jardins” in various countries of the world,. It is known in our country with the names as “aynısafa”,” kadife çiçeği” and “tıbbi nergis”. It is also used medically in addition to giving color to desserts. Chemical ingredients include triterpenes, flavonoids, essential oils and sesquiterpenes. As a detox in chronic skin disorders such as eczema, acne, in bowel and liver diseases, bed wounds, antiseptic, hepatitis (a, b, c), in the treatment of foot wounds, baby creams, wound healing, diuretic, diarrhea, antibacterial and antifungal effect is used as a medicinal plant for the purpose. In this study, the chemical content of Calendula officinalis plant and its use as medicinal plant will be investigated.

KEYWORDS Calendula officinalis, Aynısefa, marigold, medicinal plant, herbal drug

Corresponding Author: CAHİDE YETİŞ, chd.yts@gmail.com 1 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERİSTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ TARLA BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ

1676

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1675

NATURAL DYES FROM PLANTS 1

MERVE YÜZBAŞIOĞLU , AYŞE KURUÜZÜM-UZ

ABSTRACT NATURAL DYES FROM PLANTS Merve Yüzbaşıoğlu, Ayşe Kuruüzüm-Uz Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Pharmacognosy, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY Plants in modern society are valued for their flavor, fragrance, medicinal and healthful qualities, economic and industrial uses, pesticidal properties and colorizing materials (dyes). Natural dyes are derived from naturally occurring source such as plants, insects, animals, clays and minerals. The range of colors is limited, but lovely. Due to their non-toxic properties, less side effects, more medicinal values and ecofriendliness, natural dyes are suitable for dyeing textiles, drugs, foods, cosmetics etc. They can also provide extra properties such as UV protection, skin moisturizing, anti-aging, antimicrobial, insect repellent and deodorizing (1). Most natural dye colors are found in the roots, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, skins and shells of plants. The well-known ancient dyes include red dye from roots of Rubia tinctorum L. and leaves of the plant Lawsonia inermis, blue indigo dye from leaves of Indigofera tinctoria, yellow dyes from stigmas of saffron (Crocus sativus ) and rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Flavonoids (flavonols, flavones, flavanones, chalcones/ aurones, anthocyanins), hydroxycinnamic acids, carotenoids, tannins, naphtoquinones and anthraquinones are the phyto-colour compounds found in the plants. As synthetic dyes develop, they cause several kinds of pollution in the environment. Likewise some dyes can cause allergic dermatoses, respiratory diseases, contact dermatitis and mutagenicity. Synthetic dyes are so problematic because the families of chemical compounds that make good dyes are also highly toxic and carcinogenic to humans. In recent times natural dyes has regained importance due to the environmental awareness about health problems caused by synthetic dyes. But contrary to this popular opinion, natural dyes are often neither safer nor more harmful than synthetic dyes. They are less permanent, more difficult to apply, wash out more easily, and often involve the use of highly toxic mordants. Mordants help make the dye colour fast by chemically bonding the dye to the fabric. Not all natural dyes require toxic mordants to create light and wash fast colorways. Also, garments dyed with lichens, onion skins etc. don't always have a mordant, which could be good for people with sensitivities because they are substantive dyes- that is, they don't require the use of a mordant. But, some natural dyes, such as the hematein derived from logwood (Haematoxylonam pechiamum) are themselves significantly poisonous. It is very important that to improve the quality and quantity of dye yielding plants and to detect their toxicological characters are required. References: Ashis KS, Konar A. 2011. Dyeing of Textiles with Natural Dyes, Natural Dyes, Kumbasar EA (Ed.), InTech, 29- 56. "Dyes and Chemical Sensitivities." Organic_Clothing. Accessed March 31, 2017. http://organicclothing.blogs.com/my_weblog/2005/10/dyes_and_chemic.htm Kasturi A. 2015. Hazardous Materials In Chemical Dyes And Natural Solutıons, International Journal Of Engineering Research (Online) S-1. Senthilkumar RP, Bhuvaneshwari V, Sathiyavimal S, Amsaveni R, Kalaiselvi

Corresponding Author: MERVE YÜZBAŞIOĞLU, myuzbasioglu13@gmail.com 1 HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMAKOGNOZİ ABD

1677

M, Malayaman V. 2015. Natural Colours from Dyeing Plants for Textiles, International Journal of Biosciences and Nanosciences 2 (7), 160-174.

KEYWORDS Natural dyes, mordants, synthetic dyes, anthraquinones, naphthoquinones

1678

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1676

THE SUSTAINABILITY, PRODUCTION AND QUALITY FROM SOME OF BLACK CUMIN SPECIES IN TURKEY 1

IREM AYRAN , HAKAN VATANSEV , YÜKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT Black cumin (Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L.) is a annual, herbaceous that is plant belongs to Ranunculacea family. The origin of black cumin extend to from Eastern Mediterranean countries to Eastern and Southern Europe. Nigella sativa L. is widespread cultivated in Afyon, Burdur, Isparta, Kütahya and Konya regions in Turkey. Nigella damascena L. species is not yet cultivated in our country. The parts of the black cumin used are seeds and have a very important place due to fixed oil, volatile oil and nutrients constant obtained from its seeds. The oil obtained from the seeds of the plant is used in the treatment of many diseases with medical purposes as well as being used as a spice and flavor in food products. Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L. are commercially available varieties of plants in Turkey. Known the name of black cumin species commonly used in Turkey is Nigella sativa L. whereas the use of Nigella damascena is not common. In this study, information about the biology, chemical structure, production and evaluation of every both species will be given.

KEYWORDS Black cumin, fixed oil, essential oil, traditional medicine

Corresponding Author: İREM AYRAN, irem.ayran@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1679

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1678

EFFECTS OF GREEN TEA IN THE TESTICULAR TISSUE 1

MUSA TATAR , TUĞBA TATAR

ABSTRACT Tea is commonly consumed beverage in the world. Tea can be categorized into three main types, depending on the level of oxidation, as green tea, oolong tea and black tea. Tea polyphenols are important due to the positive association between tea consumption and beneficial health effects. Green tea extract contains polyphenols which make up 25–35% of the dry weight of green tea leaves. Green tea polyphenols including epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechingallate (ECG), and epicatechin(EC) show antioxidant properties. Many investigations have been performed on the antioxidant activity of tea catechins on testicular tissue stimulated with agent which causes oxidative stress. Messarah M. et al. report that green tea has protective effect on toxicity of testis tissue via arsenic. In a study, green tea extracts show ameliorative effects on nicotine-induced oxidative stress as well as the reproductive effects by improving the oxidative status, semen quality and the testicular histological damage. In another study, it is observed similar results, and also an increase number of Leydig cells in nicotine stimulated rats. Awoniyi DO. et al. report that green tea supplementation causes an increase in GSH levels, in the superoxide dismutase activity, and a decrease in lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue of rats stimulated with oxidative stress agent. Oxidative stress increases in diabetes due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased efficiency of antioxidant defenses. Therefore diabetes mellitus causes harmful effects on male sexual and reproductive functions. It is observed that administration of green tea to diabetic rats improves the testis structure, induces the proliferation index and reduces apoptotic index. Green tea affects in the protection of testicular tissue against oxidative damage by possibly increasing the antioxidant defense mechanisms in rats. Excess amounts of ROS have adverse effects on sperm motility and fertility due to damaging to lipids and DNA of spermatozoa. Administration of green tea supplements to rats which stimulated with oxidative stress causes increasing the antioxidant defence mechanisms and thereby improving the sperm quality and function. In conclusion, antioxidant property of polyphenols in green tea has beneficial effects on testicular tissue damages due to oxidative stress.

KEYWORDS Green Tea, Testicular Tissue, Polyphenols

Corresponding Author: MUSA TATAR, musatatar88@hotmail.com 1 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1680

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1679

SPICES IN POULTRY NUTRITION: ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT AND MODES OF ACTION 1

ZEYNEP ŞAHAN , FATMA YENILMEZ , UĞUR SERBESTER , LADINE ÇELIK

ABSTRACT

In recent years, spices and their components have received attention as antioxidant source. Some spices exert antioxidant properties, and may enhance immune status. The mode of action of spices on poultry contain high concentrations of phenolic compounds that have strong H-donating activity. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the published data on the potential of spices and their components in poultry nutrition, and to describe their possible modes of action. The current knowledge on potential antagonistic and synergistic effects is presented and areas for future research are proposed.

KEYWORDS

Spices, poultry nutrition, antioxidant effects, mode of action

Corresponding Author: LADİNE ÇELİK, ladine@cu.edu.tr 1 ADIYAMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KAHTA MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, ADIYAMAN 2 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TUFANBEYLİ YÜKSEKOKULU, ADANA 3 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, ZOOTEKNİ BÖLÜMÜ, ADANA

1681

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1680

EXTRACTION METHODS OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS 1

HATICE BETÜL KAPLAN , SEBAHATTIN NAS

ABSTRACT Essential oils are used in a wide variety of consumer goods such as detergents, soaps, toilet products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, confectionery food products, soft drinks, distilled alcoholic beverages (hard drinks) and insecticides. The world production and consumption of essential oils and perfumes are increased very fast. And also the use of alternative/herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of various illnesses has been increasing interest worldwide in recent years. A wide range of technologies is available for the extraction of active components and essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants. Production technology is an essential element to improve the overall yield and quality of essential oil. The traditional technologies pertaining to essential oil processing are of great significance and are still being used in many parts of the globe. The extraction methods are traditional technics such as distillation, expression (cold pressing), solvent extraction and modern (non-traditional) technics such as Supercritical fluid extraction, Microwave-assisted extraction, Solid phase micro-extraction, Simultaneous distillation extraction. All methods has advantages and disadvantages. The choice of extraction method depends on the economic feasibility and suitability of the process to the particular situation. The various extraction methods of essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants oils are reviewed in this prensentation.

KEYWORDS Medicinal Plants, Aromatic plants, extraction methods, essential oil

Corresponding Author: HATİCE BETÜL KAPLAN, hbetulk@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE UNİVERSİTY, ENGİNEERİNG FACULTY, FOOD ENGİNEERİNG DEPARTMENT

1682

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1681

COMPARISON OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF GRAPE SEED, BLUEBERRY POMACE AND FOX GRAPE POMACE EXTRACTS ON GRAM POSITIVE AND GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA 1

MELIKE DEMİRKOL , ÖMER FARUK ÇELİK , ZEKAI TARAKÇI

ABSTRACT Many in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that flavonoids possess a variety of biological functions including antiallergic, anticarcinogenic, antihypertensive and antimicrobial properties. They are potential antioxidants thus may play an important role in the persistence of health. There are many plant based compounds exhibiting antimicrobial activity against pathogen microorganisms due to the presence of hydroxyl groups and conjugated double bonds in the reactive groups such as flavonoids. Berries and grapes are regarded as rich fruits in terms of their flavonoid contents. In this study, the antibacterial activities of extracts of dried grape (Vitis vinifera) seed, fox grape (Vitis labrusca) and blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) pomaces will be investigated. Grape seeds were sun-dried while both pomaces were liyophilized. After grinding, the extracts of regarding powders will be prepared using methanol as the solvent. All extracts will be applied at different concentrations in order to observe and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus will be used as model microorganisms representing gram negative and gram positive bacteria, respectively. Antibacterial activities of extracts will be determined using agar disc diffusion method. Bacteria will be cultivate from stock and after a couple of passages they will be grown until mid-log phase in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB). Following their plating on Mueller-Hinton agar, discs that are impregnated with different concentrations of phenolic extracts will be placed on the agar. After incubation, the inhibition zones around the discs will be measured milimetrically and the results will be evaluated.

KEYWORDS Antimicrobial, antibacterial, berry, grape, drying, extract, phenolics

Corresponding Author: ÖMER FARUK ÇELİK, ofarukcelik@gmail.com 1 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1683

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1682

THE CHARACTERISTICS AND USAGE OF MARIGOLD (CALENDULA OFFICINALIS L.) FROM PAST TO FUTURE 1

IREM AYRAN , YÜKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is a annual, herbaceous that is plant belongs to Asteraceae family. It was recorded that the origin of Marigold is a plant originating in Central and Southern Europe, Western Asia and America. It has been almost every flora of Turkey. At the same time , This plant cultivated in Turkey is one of medicinal and aromatic plants. Especially in term of medicinal, The plant contains seconder metabolite actived such as essential triterpene saponins, flavonoids, carotenoids and essential oils. In addition to its use as food, cosmetics, and paint, flowers of the same plant are also used in the treatment of many diseases. At the same time, the plant is widely used as a medicinal oil in traditional medicine applications in Turkey. It has been determined that studies on marigold have antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihypotensive and antilipid properties. In this study, information about the biology, chemical structure, production and evaluation of the plant will be given.

KEYWORDS Marigold, medicinal oil, triterpen saponine, essential oil, traditional medicine

Corresponding Author: İREM AYRAN, irem.ayran@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1684

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1683

CROSS-GENERA TRANSFERABILITY OF CHLOROPLAST MICROSATELLITE MARKERS IN THE GENERA OF LAMIACEAE 1

EMINE UYGUR GÖÇER , MEHMET KARACA , AYŞE GÜL İNCE

ABSTRACT Microsatellites, also referred to as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or simple tandem repeats (STRs), were first described by Litt and Lutty in 1989. Microsatellites consist of tandemly repeated mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or penta- and hexa-nucleotide motif units distributed throughout the genomes of most eukaryotic organisms. The differences in the tandemly repeating motifs are caused by DNA polymerase slippage during replication, or slipped strand mispairing. Repeat differences in microsatellite motifs are powerful DNA markers because they are highly polymorphic even between closely related lines and varieties, reproducible and co-dominant markers exhibiting multiallelic nature and inherited as simple Mendelian fashion. Microsatellites can be found in nuclear and organellar genomes, which are enclosed in chloroplast and mitochondria. These tandemly repeated DNA can be located within transcribed, un-translated and un-transcribed regions of the genomes including the regulatory regions. Microsatellites found on the transcribed and untranslated regions of genes seem to have higher level of cross-transferability within the genetically related organisms. Microsatellites located on the chloroplast genome of higher plants are usually composed of mononucleotide (usually As and Ts) repeats and occasionally di-nucleotide repeats. The utilization of chloroplast microsatellites has been reported by Taberlet et al. in 1991. Later on, several universal primers were reported for amplifying chloroplast regions in various crops. In the present study a total of 10 conserved chloroplast microsatellite primer pairs developed from chloroplast DNA sequences of Nicotiana tabacum were used to amplify chloroplast microsatellites of Sideritis stricta, Stachys spp., Salvia pisidica and Thymus cilicicus, members of the family Lamiaceae. Two different touch-down polymerase chain reaction profiles differing in the annealing temperatures were used in the amplification studies before high resolution of agarose gel electrophoresis separation. Amongst the 10 conserved chloroplast primer pairs (CCMP), CCMP09 did not amplify DNA templates of the genera while CCMP05 only amplified template of Thymus cilicicus. Rest of the CCMP primer pairs could amplify DNA templates of the genera tested. The range of amplified product varied from 80 bp to about 200 bp. Among the CCMP amplicons, CCMP01 markers contained TA dinucleotide repeats while rest of the CCMP markers consisted of A or T mononucleotide microsatellites. Successful amplification of primer pairs obtained from chloroplast of Nicotiana tabacum indicated that chloroplast genome sequences are highly conserved due to the low level of mutation rate among the plant species. Because chloroplast genomes are haploid and contain many copies in a cell of higher organisms and most chloroplast genomes have maternal inheritance, cross-genera transferable chloroplast microsatellite markers reported for Sideritis stricta, Stachys spp., Salvia pisidica and Thymus cilicicus could be successfully used in genetic, conservation and species identification studies. Maternal inheritance of these markers could be used in determination of hybrid identification of the genera tested. Corresponding Author: EMİNE UYGUR GÖÇER, emineuygur@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1685

KEYWORDS Chloroplast genome, microsatellites, SSR, Sideritis, Stachys, Salvia, Thymus

1686

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1685

APPLICATION OF SINGLE PRIMER AMPLIFICATION REACTION (SPAR) MARKERS IN FINGERPRINTING STUDIES OF AROMATIC PLANTS 1

EMINE UYGUR GÖÇER , MEHMET KARACA , AYŞE GÜL İNCE

ABSTRACT The theoretical advantages of using genetic markers, the potential value of genetic marker linkage maps and direct selection in plant breeding were first reported about eighty years ago. However, it was not until the advent of DNA marker technology in the 1980s, that a large enough number of environmentally insensitive genetic markers generated to adequately follow the inheritance of important agronomic traits and since then DNA marker technology has dramatically enhanced the efficiency of plant breeding. The 1980s could be considered as the birth of molecular breeding. The discovery of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has facilitated the development of new marker systems that have a variety of applications, some of which include: (i) fingerprinting of genotypes or varieties for identification and bar-coding purposes; (ii) mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci for important traits; (iii) positional cloning of desired genes; (iv) identification of chromosome segments carrying desired loci; (v) establishing phylogenetic relationships among different genotypes or species; (vi) selection of suitable parents for hybrid breeding and gender identification; (vii) assessing the basis of somaclonal variation and epigenetic modifications; (viii) identification of pathogen races and biotypes; (ix) prediction of heterotic cross combinations; (x) gene pyramiding; and (xi) management, utilization and preservation of genetic resources. The various PCR-based marker systems are of two types depending on the primers used for in vitro DNA amplification: (i) arbitrary or semi-arbitrary primed PCR marker systems which are developed without prior genomic sequence information of the plant species under the study (AP-PCR, DAF, RAPD, AFLP, ISSR, DAMD etc.,), and (ii) sitetargeted PCR marker systems which are developed from known genomic DNA sequences of the plant species under the study (CAPS, SSR, SCAR, SRAP). Single primer amplification reaction (SPAR) marker system belongs to the first group; being in the semi-arbitrary primed PCR marker systems. In the present study, we investigated whether SRAP markers are useful in fingerprinting studies of the genera Thymus L., Origanum L., Rosmarinus L. and Ocimum L. represented with Thymus serpyllum, Origanum majorona, Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basillicum. High genomic DNA samples of above mentioned plant species were extracted. About 60-120 ng genomic DNA templates were amplified by touchdown polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) using a single primer. Amplified products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and SPAR markers of the plant samples were visualized with the help of ethidium bromide staining. Analysis revealed that all the six primers could successfully amplify the genomic DNA samples of the aromatic plant species used in the study. In each SPAR marker profiles among the six single primers there were densely amplified products ranging one to three along with some other less dense products. The SPAR marker are produced using a single primer thus these densely amplified products contained primer binding sites at both terminal Corresponding Author: EMİNE UYGUR GÖÇER, emineuygur@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1687

ends while these less dense amplicons contained one primer binding sites at one terminal ends. Present study revealed that SPAR markers could be successfully used in genetic, conservation and species identification studies of genotypes and varieties in the genera Thymus, Origanum, Rosmarinus and Ocimum.

KEYWORDS DNA markers, PCR-based markers, Thymus serpyllum, Origanum majorona, Rosmarinus officinalis, Ocimum basillicum

1688

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1687

INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL CONTENT OF EREMURUS SPECTABILIS BIEB. EXTRACT USING SUBCRITICAL WATER EXTRACTION 1

İBRAHIM TEGIN , BETÜL SADIK , MEHMET FİDAN , ERDAL YABALAK , A. MURAT GIZIR

ABSTRACT Nowadays, food and pharmaceutical industry pay great attention to Subcritical water extraction method (SWE) attributed to being powerful technique for the extraction of various valuable solid samples [1, 2]. In addition, it has been used in environmental applications to extract hazardous components from various matrixes [3]. Subcritical water is known as water in the temperature range of 100altering the temperature. Thus, SWE can be used as a non-polar solvent at high temperature [5-8]. Subcritical water extraction is a distingue method when comparing traditional methods due to being time-saving, rapid, green, and selective method [3, 9]. Thus, subcritical water extraction method was performed to determine chemical components of Eremurus Spectabilis Bieb. in this study. A large number of plants have been discovered by mankind since centuries. People use these plants for different purposes. This plant is used in medicinal and glue purposes in food grown in the region [7]. Samples of Eremurus Spectabilis Bieb were dried and crushed for extraction using the experimental setand 40 bar. Samples were analyzed by GC-MS according to Wiley7Nist05.L, NIST05a.L, and W9N11.L, to determine extracted compounds. Some of these compounds are as follows: Glycidyl alcohol, Acetic acid, 1,2-Propanediol, 3-Furanmethanol, 1,2,3-Propanetriol, Dimethyl phthalate, DErythro-Pentose, Hexadecanoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid.

KEYWORDS Eremurus Spectabilis Bieb, Subcritical water extraction

Corresponding Author: İBRAHİM TEGIN, ibrahim.tegin@gmail.com 1 SİİRT UNİVERSİTY 2 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY

1689

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1688

RESOLUTIONS OF MINISATELLITE (DAMD-PCR) AND MICROSATELLITE (SSR) MARKERS IN SALVIA L. 1

MEHMET KARACA , AYŞE GÜL İNCE , ADNAN AYDIN

ABSTRACT Sage (Salvia L.) is one of the largest genera in the family Lamiaceae. The genus consisted of about 1000 species and many of which are used in spices, drug and fragrance industries. DNA markers have opened a new era in plant breeding, conservation, management and utilization. However, application of DNA markers in many Salvia species lags behind many other plant species including the family Lamiaceae. DNA markers are very useful in those studies involving in the determination of genetic mapping, gene identification, parentage selection, identification of cultivars, marker assisted breeding and selection. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and microsatellites (SSRs) are the two most widely used and most powerful molecular markers. However, utilization of these markers in Salvia L. has not reached the optimal level. This study was undertaken to compare resolutions power of minisatellites in terms of direct amplification of minisatellite DNA (DAMD-PCR) and microsatellite in terms of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) within and between some Salvia species naturally occurring in Antalya. A minisatellite is a tract of tandemly repetitive DNA motifs repeated many times, ranging in length from 10–60 base pairs. They are usually 0.2–20 kb long and are usually prominent in the heterochromatin regions being the most occurring in the centromeres and telomeres of chromosomes. Minisatellite markers or minisatellite enriched markers can be detected using direct amplification of minisatellite DNA (DAMD-PCR). Amplification of DAMD-PCR markers is obtained when flanking regions of minisatellites have inverted DNA sequences to which minisatellite core primers bind during PCRs. Although they have high level of polymorphism and do not require sequence information for development, DAMD-PCR markers have lower level of reproducibility in comparison to microsatellite markers which are also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Microsatellite is the “DNA marker of choice” and dominated plant molecular research during the last decade of the past century and the first decade of the present century. Microsatellites are tandem repeating mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or penta- and hexa-nucleotide motif units distributed throughout the genomes of every eukaryotic organism sequenced so far. Microsatellites are highly polymorphic and usually co-dominant DNA markers. Development of microsatellite markers requires low amount of DNA, and can be easily automated for high throughput screening, transferable between laboratories. Polymorphisms in microsatellites and minisatellites of genetically related organisms are due to recombination (i.e. unequal crossing-over) and replication (DNA polymerase slippage) errors. In the present study 3 Salvia species (European sage, meadow sage and balsamic sage) and 12 genotypes four of which representing each species were studied. DNA markers obtained using 8 SSR primer pairs and 8 DAMD-PCR primers were separated in 3% (for SSRs) and 2% (for DAMD-PCR) high resolution agarose gel electrophoresis after touch-down polymerase chain reactions. Results clearly indicated that the level of polymorphisms were greater in SSR markers than that of the DAMD-PCR markers. The DAMD-PCR provided a moderate level of polymorphism between the species studied. Corresponding Author: MEHMET KARACA, mkaraca@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1690

However, the levels of polymorphic DAMD-PCR markers were low within the species. The levels of transferability of DAMD-PCR markers between the species were higher than SSR markers. In conclusion the present study indicated SSR markers provide greater resolution for intra-species while the DAMD-PCR markers are more suitable for inter-species genetic studies.

KEYWORDS DAMD-PCR, Microsatellites, Minisatellites, Simple sequence Repeats, Polymorphisms

1691

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1690

THE DETERMINATION OF MINERAL AND HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF ECHİNACEA SPECIES CULTIVATED IN TURKEY 1

SADİYE AYŞE ÇELİK , YÜKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT This study was carried out in five different echinacea species in the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Application Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture of Selcuk University in 2013 and 2014 in the ecological conditions of Konya. B, Ca, K, Na, P and S minerals and Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Mo, Ni and Zn heavy metals were investigated in the herb and root samples taken during the full flowering period of five different echinacea species (Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea, Echinacea pallida var. pallida, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa, Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan ve Echinacea purpurea var. double decker species). NMKL 161 method and ICP-AES instrument were used for determining mineral substances. The highest B, Ca, K, Na, P and S contents of the herbs of Echinacea species were respectively, Echinacea purpurea var. double decker 135,029 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. double decker 31185,018 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan 21968,858 ppm, Echinacea pallida var. pallida 104,742 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea 2490,672 ppm and Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 1754,594 ppm. The highest Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Mo, Ni and Zn contents of the herbs of Echinacea species were respectively, Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan 432.195 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea 0.111 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 0,395 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 2,615 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea 22,535 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan 451.350 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 46.217 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 21.366 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea 3.364 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 2.936 ppm ve Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 22.218 ppm. The highest B, Ca, K, Na, P and S contents of the roots of Echinacea species were respectively, Echinacea purpurea var. double decker 102,620 ppm, Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea 38805,7 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 20656,313 ppm, Echinacea pallida var. pallida 2062,226 ppm, Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 2262,165 ppm and Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa 2181,838 ppm.

KEYWORDS Echinacea, minerals, heavy metals, herb, root.

Corresponding Author: SADİYE AYŞE ÇELİK, sacelik@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1692

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1691

THE DETERMINATION OF MEDICAL PLANTS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES IN ERZURUM 1

SERAP BUZTEPE , AKAR KARAKOÇ , EYYUP TELCI , AYHAN BUZTEPE , FATMA GÜR

ABSTRACT In daily life, medicinal and aromatic plants are used as a traditional method for the protection and improvement of health, and for the treatment of diseases in Turkey. It is known by people living in the city of Erzurum located in Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey that, in here, the use of plants for the health field is widespread. The aim of our study is to determine which medicinal plants are used for which illness by the people living in Erzurum city. The research was carried out on 73 volunteers, were selected randomly, living in Erzurum. The data were collected through a questionnaire, also including open-ended questions, prepared by the researchers. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for the analysis of data. The mean age of the participants was 41.34 ± 15.23 (mean ± standard deviation). 46.6% of the participants were women and 53.4% were men; 30% are high school graduates and 42.5% are university graduates. It was seen that participants had obtained knowledges about the use of plants from family (28.8%), friends (20.5%), relatives (17.8%) and health workers (15.1%). 51 plants used by the participants for the treatment of diseases were identified in this study. The most commonly used plants were linden (Tilia Cordata) (19.2%), ginger (Zingiber officinale) (11%) and sage (Salvia Officinalis) (8.2%). Linden was used for respiratory diseases (85.71%) and lumber hernia (7.14%), and in order to strengthen the immune system (7.14%), whereas ginger was used in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Sage-using participants consumed this plant for the treatment of respiratory (66.6%) and gastrointestinal diseases (16.6%), and as a sedative during menopause. The number of plants used by participants was compared with the economic situation, sex, occupation and social security, and a difference was found between the economic situation and the number of plants (p=0.023). Participants with moderate economic status used 1-3 plants. Participants' preferences were asked about plants and medicines in order to use in the treatment of diseases. All of the participants who did not have social security preferred to use the plant. In addition, there was no significant difference between the number of plants and the preference, but it was found that the people preferring to use plants used 4-10 plants. It was found that the medicinal plants were widely used in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases by people participating in the research, which may be due to the high prevalence of respiratory illnesses in cold climatic conditions of Erzurum city. The use of medical plants by the peoples is of great importance for reducing acute and chronic health problems and improving the quality of life.

KEYWORDS

Corresponding Author: SERAP BUZTEPE, seraparmut2009@hotmail.com 1 VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF HEALTH SERVİCES, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY 2 MİNİSTRY OF HEALTH 3 MİNİSTRY OF FOOD, AGRİCULTURE AND LİVESTOCK

1693

Health, Medicinal plants, Erzurum

1694

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1693

LUPINUS ALBUS’ FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFECTS ON HEALTH 1

TAHA GÖKMEN ÜLGER , FUNDA PINAR ÇAKIROĞLU

ABSTRACT Lupinus albus, a plant belonging to the family Fabaceae, is a herbaceous plant whose leaves are split, cluster-like flowers and can grow up to 120 centimeters in length. There are about 200 kinds of lupinus albus that grow wild in Europe, the Balkans and the Aegean and Mediterranean Regions in our country. Lupinus albatus, lupinus anatolicus and lupinus angustifolius are the species that grow in our country and are also called “delicebakla”, “kurt baklası”, “termiye”, “yahudi baklası” and “gavur baklası”. The lupinus albus that matures in the autumn months is widely consumed especially in the Mediterranean Region and Konya. Due to the alkaloids in its composition, the taste of the pellets is bitter and its bitterness is eliminated with traditional methods (water retention and boiling) before consumption. The lupinus albus that is consumed as a snack (tirmis) in winter usually has more protein content than milled grains. Its content is high with regard to zinc, calcium, iron, potassium and manganese which are considered micronutrient items. Although studies on the functional effects of lupinus albus, which have very beneficial effects on health, have been limited, it has been reported that it lowers blood glucose of diabetic rats in some clinical studies. The famous physician of the 11th century, Ibn Sina, tried to treat diabetic patients with curcuma, lupinus albus and fenugreek. In diabetic rats, it was observed that the lupinus albus added to their feeds decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased the antioxidant enzyme levels. In hypercholesterolemic subjects, it has been reported that the daily diet supplemented with lupinus albus reduced LDL cholesterol levels. There are also data showing that it lowers blood pressure of hypertensive individuals. More clinical studies are needed to address the functional effects of painful cilia, which have a protective role in certain types of cancer and kidney diseases, particularly colon cancer. Preventative health policies are important in obesity and type 2 whose prevalence is rapidly increasing in the world and our country and which takes role in the etiology of many diseases, and these policies may include functional foods such as lupinus albus. Considering the emergence of policies for the development of healthy eating behaviors in health policies to prevent obesity and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, it may be helpful that individuals having interchangeable risk factors for type 2 diabetes (overweight and obesity, sedentary lifestyle, impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, low HDL cholesterol level, increased triglyceride level) consume foods such as lupinus albus. Although some studies in the literature have shown that lupinus albus have hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects, more studies are needed to determine the level of reliable intake and other possible functional effects on health.

KEYWORDS lupine, lupinus albus, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic Corresponding Author: TAHA GÖKMEN ÜLGER, tgulger@ankara.edu.tr 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1695

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1694

DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR THE WORLD'S MOST EXPENSIVE SPICE SAFFRON 1

MEHMET KARACA , AYŞE GÜL İNCE , EMINE UYGUR GÖÇER

ABSTRACT Saffron, Crocus sativus Linn in the family Iridaceae, is a fall flowering perennial domestic plant and its closed relative C. cartwrightianus, which originated in Crete, or in Central Asia. Saffron is a sterile triploid plant and its stigmas are mainly used as a colorant for foodstuffs. Found in the stigmas are apocarotenoid compounds responsible for the production of the yellow-orange color in food. Stigmas also contain picrocrocin and safranal which produce a bitter taste and a hay-like fragrance. These traits make saffron a much-sought ingredient in many foods worldwide. Saffron is traditionally used against cancer, depressive mood, menstruation disorders, liver disease and pain. The taxonomy of Crocus sativus is extremely complicated due to the lack of clear distinctive characters, the wide range of habitats and the heterogeneity of the morphological traits and cytological data. Although differences in the size and the number of the flowers produced by corms have been reported previous studies utilizing a large number of markers obtained using 140 primers of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), 91 primers of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) and 47 primer pairs of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) could not differentiate among the forty three C. sativus from eleven different countries including two from Turkey. Saffron, as a sterile plant, fails to produce viable seeds and is thus dependent on vegetative reproduction. The existence of differences at the phenotypic level such as size of the flowers, the shape of the tepals (combined sepals and petals), differences of color and intensity in the tepals of saffron belonging to different regions of world may indicate genetic differences. However artificial selection in the past may drastically reduce the genetic diversity. Expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences are valuable resources for development of microsatellite markers. The use microsatellite markers found transcribed and un-translated regions of the nuclear and chloroplast genome of Crocus sativus could differentiate saffron varieties. These markers could be also used in marker assisted selection studies for saffron breeding. In this study, a total of 6750 EST sequences of Crocus sativus derived from publicly available databases of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were mined to obtain ESTs with microsatellites using Tandem Repeats Analyzer 1.5 (TRA 1.5) program. Microsatellites in the present study were considered to contain motifs that were between two and six nucleotides in length. The minimum motif length criteria were defined as being 9 repeats for di-nucleotides, 7 repeats for tri-nucleotides, 6 repeats for tetranucleotides and 5 repeats for penta-nucleotides and 4 repeats for hexa-nucleotides. Microsatellite primer pairs flanking the microsatellite domains were designed using PRIMER3 software. Microsatellite primer pairs were designed with several criteria such minimum/maximum as length of expected product, GC content, melting temperature etc. A total of 30 EST-SSR primer pairs were designed. Annealing temperatures of the primer pairs are set to 55 C (Tm 59 C) and expected to amplify markers ranging from 209 bp to 334 bp in size. Thirty EST primers consisted of 5 dinucleotides, 7 tri-nucleotides, 6 tetra-nucleotides, 4 penta-nucleotides and 8 hexa-nucleotides. These

Corresponding Author: MEHMET KARACA, mkaraca@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1696

microsatellite primer pairs along with the conserved chloroplast microsatellite primer pairs could be useful in genetic characterization and breeding studies of saffron.

KEYWORDS Crocus sativus, EST-SSRs, genic microsatellites, primer development, SSRs

1697

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1698

PLANTS USED IN THE FOLK MEDICINE OF SORKUN TOWN (BOZKIR / KONYA / TURKEY) 1

OSMAN TUGAY , DENİZ ULUKUŞ

ABSTRACT Ethnobotanical studies which aim to shed light on local human-plant interactions in the Sorkun Town (Bozkır / Konya), realized between 2016-2017 years. Into two years interviews were made with about 11 informants and 30 medicinal uses were recorded. Some plants used as medicinal; Abies cilicia (Ant.& Kotschy) Carr. subsp. isaurica Coode & Cullen, Achillea biebersteinii Afan., Alcea pallida Waldst. & Kit., Allium cepa L., Allium sativum L., Anthemis cretica L. subsp. albida (Boiss.) Grierson, Anthemis pestalozzae Boiss., Anthemis tinctoria L. var. tinctoria, Cedrus libani A.Rich., Cerasus avium (L.) Moench, Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Malva neglecta Wallr., Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. subsp. typhoides (Briq.) Harley var. typhoides, Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl, Plantago lanceolata L., Plantago major L. subsp. major, Rosa canina L., Salvia adenocaulon P.H.Davis, Sambucus ebulus L., Sesamum indicum L., Sideritis hispida P.H.Davis, Stachys cretica L. subsp. anatolica Rech.fil., Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl var. lavandulifolia, Teucrium chamaedrys L. subsp. syspirense (C.Koch) Rech.fil., Teucrium polium L., Thymus sipyleus Boiss. subsp. sipyleus var. sipyleus, Urtica dioica L.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plants, Sorkun, Bozkır, Konya

Corresponding Author: OSMAN TUGAY, otugay@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1698

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1699

THE ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AMARILLADIACECA FAMILY 1

ÜMRAN ŞENEL , M. ERCAN ÖZZAMBAK

ABSTRACT The Amaryllidaceae family comprises more than 75 genera and 1100 species of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous flowering plants. In this family there are important ornamental plants such as Leucojum, Pancratium, Narcissus, Sternbergia and Galanthus. Some plants in this family also have pharmacological value due to the important alkaloids they contain. Today, the use of biotechnological tools is important for the sustainable production of these alkaloids. The need for these alkaloids used in the treatment of some important diseases is increasing day by day and access to plant resources is limited. For this reason, in vitro studies are considered as an alternative approach for alkaloids production. In this study, in vitro studies on pharmacologically valuable plants in Amaryllidaceae family were investigated.

KEYWORDS Amaryllidaceae, alkaloids, in vitro

Corresponding Author: ÜMRAN ŞENEL, ummsenel@gmail.com 1 EGE TARIMSAL ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ 2 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1699

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1700

POISONOUS BOTANICALS OF VAN PROVINCE (TURKEY) 1

ABDULLAH DALAR , MUZAFFER MÜKEMRE , SEMA SEZGIN

ABSTRACT Plants have been used as ethnobotanically by human for their medicinal, food, ornamental, fuel, recreational and also poisonous properties since ancient times. The most ancient poisons also come from plants such as Atropa sp., Nerium sp., Datura sp., Aconitum sp. and Hyoscyamus sp. Many members of the plant kingdom have toxic compounds that can be highly poisonous, even lethal, if ingested. At present, despite the enormous development of toxicology surveillance systems, poisoning by plant samples continues to be one reason of morbidity and mortality. Within this presentation poisonous plant samples grown in Van province including Anthriscus sp., Ferula sp., Vincetoxicum sp., Euphorbia sp., Papaver sp., Aconitum sp., with their ethnobotanical data will be presented.

KEYWORDS Poisonous, Van, Ethnobotany

Corresponding Author: ABDULLAH DALAR, dalar.abdullah@gmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1700

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1701

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ANTHEMIS AUSTRIACA JACQ. AND A. PSEUDOCOTULA BOISS. EXTRACTS AND THEIR TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS 1

ZEKIYE CEREN ARITULUK , NEZIHA YAĞMUR KUMSER DİKER , İFFET İREM TATLI ÇANKAYA

ABSTRACT The genus Anthemis L. (Asteraceae) is represented by 81 taxa belonging to 51 species in the Flora of Turkey1,2. Several species of Anthemis genus have been used as folk medicine in the treatment of various health problems such as cold, fever, cough, bronchitis, stomachache, menstrual problem and gastrointestinal disorders3-6. In this study, Anthemis austriaca Jacq. and A. pseudocotula Boiss. used as folk medicines were investigated for their potential antioxidant activity. For this purpose, methanol and aqueous extracts of the aerial parts of these plants were tested with three complementary methods, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, 2,2’‐ azinobis (3‐ ethylbenzothiazolin‐ 6‐ sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging capacity and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). Moreover, total phenolic contents of plant extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and their flavonoid contents were determined by aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The results of present study revealed that, all plant extracts exhibited antioxidant activity with various potencies. In the DPPH assay, both methanol and aqueous extracts of A. pseudocotula (IC50=140.44 and 120.14 μg/mL, respectively) showed higher scavenging activity than methanol and aqueous extracts of A. austriaca (IC50=119.72 and 116.73 μg/mL, respectively). Contrary to DPPH assay, both methanol and aqueous extracts of A. austriaca showed higher scavenging activity against ABTS radical cation (153.53 and 181.09 mg Trolox equivalents/g extract, respectively) compared with A. pseudocotula extracts (128.77 and 117.76 mg Trolox equivalents/g extract, respectively). In the CUPRAC assay, the aqueous extracts of A. austriaca and A. pseudocotula exhibited higher antioxidant activity (100.50 and 67.00 gallic acid equivalents/g extract, respectively) than methanol extracts. In addition, the highest phenolic content was detected in A. austriaca aqueous extract as 138.40 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract, while the highest flavonoid content was detected in A. pseudocotula methanol extract as 31.17 mg quercetin equivalents/g extract. References: 1. Davis P.H. 1975. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol.5, University Press, Edinburgh. 2. Güner A., Ozhatay N., Ekim T., Baser K.H.C. 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 11, University Press, Edinburgh. 3. Gürdal B., Kültür S. 2013. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Marmaris (Muğla, Turkey). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 146, 113-126. 4. Altundag E., Ozturk M. 2011. Ethnomedicinal studies on the plant resources of east Anatolia, Turkey. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 19, 756-777. 5. Bulut G., Tuzlaci E. 2013. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Turgutlu (Manisa-Turkey). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 149, 633-647. 6.Tetik F., Civelek S., Cakilcioglu U. 2013. Traditional uses of some medicinal plants in Malatya (Turkey). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 146, 331-346.

Corresponding Author: ZEKİYE CEREN ARITULUK, cerenarituluk@hotmail.com 1 HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1701

KEYWORDS Anthemis, antioxidant, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content

1702

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1702

PRODUCTION AND FOREIGN TRADE OF POPPY SEED IN TURKEY 1

FIKRIYE YAZAR , ZOZAN KAYA , GIZEM YENER , ARZU SEÇER

ABSTRACT PRODUCTION and FOREIGN TRADE OF HAŞHAŞ in TURKEY A poppy is the source of the crude drug opium which contains powerful medicinal alkaloids such as morphine and has been used since ancient times as an analgesic and narcotic medicinal and recreational drugs. The sugared, milled mature seeds are eaten with pasta, or they are boiled with milk and used as filling or topping on various kinds of sweet pastry. The planting of opium poppy is supervised by the UN all over the world. The UN designated Turkey, India, Australia, France, Spain, Hungary, Czech Republic and China as the legal producers of opium poppy. Turkey and India are regarded as the traditional opium poppy producer countries by the UN. Cultivation, production and trade of opium were free until 1933 in Turkey. In 1933, controlled poppy cultivation and production was launched and late on, in 1938 with the (ne demek) establishment of the Turkish Grain Board (TGB) and monopoly authority of narcotic drugs was given to TGB. It was established as an Economic State Enterprise in order to stabilize the grain market and operate the monopoly of opium and narcotic substances in Turkey. For this purpose, being organized throuhout the country and within the framework of the relating legislation as it has been defined TGB as traditional poppy producer. So, it has been responsible for the cultivation, pracessing and marketing of poppy to be used for medical and scientific purposes in order to meet the need both domestic and foreign market. The city of Afyonkarahisar in Turkey (afyon "poppy, opium", kara "black", hisar "fortress") was a traditional center of poppy cultivation . Afyonkarahisar is produce about 31 % Tukey production of poppy seeds in 2016 .World production of poppy seeds is around 102.331 t and major producers are Turkey and Czechia Republic. These two countries meet rough 52 % of the World demand. Turkey currently only produces about 26 % of the world total. According to ten years ago poppy production was increaed in Turkey and World. Approximately 95 % of our products are exported. This study aims at searching the production and foreign trade and manifesting the marketing structure and studying the role of TGB in the market structure of the poppy seeds.. Keywords: Poppy seed, foreign trade, TGB, production

KEYWORDS Poppy seed, foreign trade, TGB, production

Corresponding Author: FİKRİYE YAZAR, fikriyeyazar@hotmail.com 1 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1703

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1705

COMPOSITIONS OF AMINO ACIDS IN DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF SALEP TUBERS. 1

MEHMET FATIH CENGIZ , CEVDET GÜMÜŞ , TIMUR TONGUR , TANER ERKAYMAZ , ONUR BASANÇELEBI , 1 AYŞE KEVSER BILGIN

ABSTRACT Salep is not cultivated on a commercial scale and is obtained by collecting tubers of the Orchidaceae plants from the wild. Amino acid contents of this plant can be important in the area of medicinal and healthcare sectors. In the study, amino acid compositions of six different varieties of salep tubers (Himantoglossum robertianum, Orchis italica, Ophyrs ferrum-equinum, Serapiasvomeracea, Orchissancta, Anacamptis pyramidalis), which were collected fromdifferent regions of Turkey, were determined. Salep tubers were collected from their natural habitat. The tubers were boiled in hot water, dried in sunlight and grinded by a laboratory type mill. Individual amino acids (arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine and valine) were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MSMS) without derivatization. The method was found to be selective, linear (r2>0.99) and precise for all of interested amino acids. The limits of the quantifications (LOQ) were found to be in the range from 0.53 to 1.20 mg/kg. The content of 15 amino acids quantified by LC MSMS ranged between >LOQ-14419.91 mg/kg. The total amino acid was found to be 10129.29 mg/kg , 20029.61 mg/kg, 10483.00 mg/kg, 9510.92 mg/kg, 10921.48 mg/kg and 9825.68 mg/kg for Orchissancta, Serapiasvomeracea, Ophyrs ferrum-equinum, Orchis italica, Himantoglossum robertianum and Anacamptis pyramidalis, respectively. None of the analyzed samples was contained cysteine. Lysine (2036.58 mg/kg), arginine (14419.91 mg/kg), histidine (458.41 mg/kg), serine (551.25 mg/kg), proline (144.24 mg/kg), valine (261.07 mg/kg), methionine (26.37 mg/kg), tyrosine (425.50 mg/kg) and phenylalanine (537.21 mg/kg) amino acids were detected in Serapiasvomeracea samples. The highest concentration of aspartic acid and glutamic acid , Ophyrs ferrum-equinum. The content of leucine + isoleucine (168.40 mg/kg) was the highest in Orchis italica, In conlusion, Serapiasvomeracea has the most valuable salep variety in tested samples due to its high content of amino acids. Therefore, it can be preferred in medicinal and healthcare treatment which amino acid compositions is accepted as important.

KEYWORDS Amino acids, Composition, Salep tubers

Corresponding Author: MEHMET FATİH CENGİZ, fcengiz@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ UNİVERSİTESİ 2 BARTIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1704

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1706

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS OF TWO ENDEMIC SIDERITIS L. TAXA FROM TURKEY 1

NEZIHA YAĞMUR KUMSER DİKER , ZEKIYE CEREN ARITULUK , İFFET İREM TATLI ÇANKAYA

ABSTRACT The genus Sideritis L. belonging to Lamiaceae family comprises more than 150 species worldwide, most of which are mainly found in the Mediterranean area. In Turkey, Sideritis genus is represented by 53 taxa and 39 of those are endemic1. Several species of Sideritis genus have been used as tea because of their pleasant aroma and special taste as well as their healing effects. The members of this genus are rich in essential oil, flavonoids and diterpenes which are responsible for their biological activities such as antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiulcerogenic, antioxidant, analgesic etc.2 In this study, methanol and aqueous extracts of the aerial parts of Sideritis libanotica Labill. ssp. linearis (Benth.) Bornm. and S. phrygia Bornm. were investigated for their potential antioxidant activity by three complementary methods, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, 2,2’‐ azinobis (3‐ ethylbenzothiazolin‐ 6‐ sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging capacity and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). Moreover, total phenolic contents of plant extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and their flavonoid contents were determined by aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The results of present study revealed that, all plant extracts exhibited antioxidant activity with various potencies. The methanol extracts of S. libanotica ssp. linearis and S. phrygia showed higher scavenging activity against DPPH radical (IC50=149.23 μg/mL and 131.78 μg/mL, respectively) and against ABTS radical cation (185.91 and 149.84 mg Trolox equivalents/g extract, respectively) while the aqueous extracts showed higher activity on CUPRAC assay (58.71 and 57.28 gallic acid equivalents/g extract, respectively). Total phenolic contents of extracts were in range between 92.47 and 138.09 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract and the total flavonoid contents were in range between 17.60 and 29.50 mg quercetin equivalents/g extract. References: 1. Güvenç A., Houghton P.J., Duman H., Coşkun M., Şahin P. 2005. Antioxidant activity studies on selected Sideritis species native to Turkey. Pharmaceutical Biology, 43(2), 173-177. 2. Gonzáles-Burgos E., Carretero M.E., Gómez-Serranillos M.P. 2011. Sideritis spp.: Uses, chemical composition and pharmacological activities-A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 135, 209-225.

KEYWORDS Sideritis, antioxidant, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content

Corresponding Author: ZEKİYE CEREN ARITULUK, cerenarituluk@hotmail.com 1 HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1705

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1707

NATURAL PLANTS USED AS MEDICINAL IN KOZLUCA (ACIGÖL / NEVŞEHİR) VILLAGE 1

DENIZ ULUKUŞ , OSMAN TUGAY

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine the natural plants used as medicines in Kozluca Village (Acıgöl / Nevşehir). Field visits were organized between March and August months in 20152016. A total of 28 plant samples were taken from interviews with 20 source people in the field surveys conducted and information on how these plants were used as medicines were noted. In the field studies conducted, pictures of the plants in the field were taken. According to the common herbarium techniques, plants were pressed and dried. To determine the scientific names of plants were used Flora of Turkeyas main source. In addition, local names are written by using the local people. As a result of evaluation of plant samples collected from Kozluca Village, ıt was determined that total 28 natural plants belonging to 13 families and 25 genera were used as medicines. Some of these plants; Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Gundelia tournefortii L., Lactuca sativa L., Malva neglecta Wallr., Scorzonera cinerea Boiss., Tragopogon dubius Scop., Tribulus terrestris L., Papaver rhoeas L., Plantago major L., Urtica dioica L., Portulaca oleracea L.

KEYWORDS Ethnobotanic, medicinal plants, Kozluca, Nevşehir.

Corresponding Author: DENİZ ULUKUŞ, ulukusdeniz@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF BİOTECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCES 2 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCES

1706

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1708

THE DETERMINATION OF SOME PHYTOCHEMICALCONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ECHINACEA PURPUREA VARIETIES CULTIVATED IN TURKEY 1

SADİYE AYŞE ÇELİK , YÜKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT In this study, three different Echinacea purpurea varieties were cultivated and carried out in the Ecological Conditions of Konya in 2013 and 2014 in Selçuk University Faculty of Agriculture Agricultural and Aromatic Herb Farms. These varieties are Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea, Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan and Echinacea purpurea var. double decker. These varieties are named according to flower arrangements as Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea pink coneflower, Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan white coneflower and Echinacea purpurea var. double decker double coneflower. These varieties are harvested in 2013 and 2014 after the start of flowering period, full flowering period and seed binding period, then they are separated in to leaves, stemmed flowers, herbs and roots and dried to a certain moisture content. At the same time, samples were taken from the roots during the period of root harvest (October-November) except for other three period. The contents of ash, caffeic acid derivatives (caftaric and chicoric acid), antioxidant activity (DPPH method), total phenol content, total flavonoid content were determined in the all plant parts of each varieties taken at three different harvesting periods. In addition, volatile oil content and volatile oil components were also detected in herbs taken during the full flowering period. The highest essential oil is obtained from Echinacea purpurea var. baby white swan (0.3%). When looked at the essential oil components of three different Echinacea varieties, the components found in all of them are caryophyllene oxide and germacrene D. The highest ratio of Germacrene D was determined in Echinacea purpurea var. purpurea herb (% 21.563). According to the average of all values the highest amount of caffeic acid was obtained from E. purpurea var. purpurea (% 0.995) and leaf (% 0.696). The highest amount of chicoric acid was obtained from E. purpurea var. purpurea root (% 2.589). According to different harvesting times, Echinacea species should be harvested in full flowering period for the highest amount of chicoric acid. Total flavonoid content was determined highest in leaves (at the leaves of Echinacea purpurea var. double decker 25,0844 mg/g extract in 2014 leaf samples). The total phenol content was determined highest in leaves (at the leaves of Echinacea purpurea var. double decker 29,4378 mg/g extract in 2013 leaf samples). Antioxidant activity values were found to be in all varieties.

KEYWORDS Echinacea purpurea, Caffeic acid derivatives, Essential oil, Antioxidant activity.

Corresponding Author: SADİYE AYŞE ÇELİK, sacelik@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1707

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1709

MEDICINAL HERBS PREVENTING OXIDATION OF BUTTER* 1

UĞUR KARDIL , MURAT KÜÇÜK , SEMRA ALKAN TÜRKUÇAR , HACER DOĞAN , AYÇA AKTAŞ KARAÇELIK

ABSTRACT In terms of food technology, probability of the fats and the products rich in fat to be oxidized is very high. Characteristic features such as flavor, color, tissue, odor and nutritional value of these oxidized products deteriorate. Antioxidants are known to prevent these deteriorations which ocur as a result of oxidative rancidity and oxipolymerization. The chemicals used in foods as antioxidant have many harmful effects to health. The use of natural antioxidants will be more meaningful in both preventing these harmful effects and oxidations. For this purpose, some plants were obtained and their aqueous and water-saturated ethyl acetate extracts were prepared. The selected plant extracts were added to the butter at 200 ppm concentration. In addition, the reference samples were prepared by adding BHT and Trolox standards to butter samples at 200 ppm concentration. In order to follow the oxidation in the butter samples prepared, TBA (thiobarbituric acid assay), PV (perdoxide value) and FFA (free fatty acid) analyses were applied. The results obtained by the TBA test is shown in figure 1. All the plant extracts and standarts successfuly prevented oxidation in butter when compared to the control. Especially performance of UKS18 and UKE20 coded samples in protection against oxidation of butter is pretty good compared to the synthetic antioxidants. The results of the analyses of the three methods revealed that many of the plant extracts and especially UKS18 and UKE20 can be used as a natural antioxidant in order to prevent oxidation of butter. *This study is supported by 2210-C Priority Areas Domestic Master Scholarship Programme of TUBITAK-BIDEB.

KEYWORDS butter, oxidation, natural antioxidant

Corresponding Author: UĞUR KARDİL, ugurkardil_61@hotmail.com 1 ADEPARTMENT OF GENETİCS AND BİOENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG AND NATURAL SCİENCES, GÜMÜŞHANE UNİVERSİTY, 29100 GÜMÜŞHANE, TÜRKİYE 2 BDEPARTMENT OF CHEMİSTRY, FACULTY OF SCİENCES, KARADENİZ TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY, 61080 TRABZON, TÜRKİYE 3 BHİTİT UNİVERSİTY SCİENTİFİC AND TECHNİCAL APPLİCATİON AND RESEARCH CENTER (HÜBTUAM), HİTİT UNİVERSİTY, 19030 ÇORUM, TÜRKİYE 4 CDEPARTMENT OF FOOD PROCESSİNG, ESPİYE VOCATİONAL SCHOOL, GİRESUN UNİVERSİTY, 28000 GİRESUN, TÜRKİYE

1708

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1710

DETERMINATION OF FIXED FAT COMPONENTS OF THE NATURALLY GROWING COCKLEBUR (XANTHIUM SP. L.) PLANT IN KAHRAMANMARAŞ 1

ALI RAHMI KAYA , OSMAN GEDİK , ÖMER SÜHA USLU , ADEM EROL , TAMER ERYİGİT , CÜNEYT CESUR , 4 AHMET KILINÇ

ABSTRACT Xanthium L. is a plant belonging to the Asteracea family and it is grown almost in every region of the world. It is found mostly in tropical and subtropical regions (Weaver and Lechowich 1982). It is common in America, Canada, Mexico, Malaysia, Indonesia and India (Alam et al., 2011). To date, many taxonomic studies have been carried out on this plant. Caius (1986) reported 25 species of Xanthium genus, and Weaver and Lechowich (1982) reported 20 species (Alam et al., 2011). It is represented in Turkey by 6 taxa including 3 species and 3 subspecies (Güner et al., 2012, Cesur and Şenkal, 2015). According to Cesur and Şenkal (2015), Xanthium sp. plants are accepted as weeds in Turkey today. Again, according to the same researchers, the plant is a plant that grows in anhydrous areas, with approximately 25% crude oil in its seed, which represents an important potential for exploring the possibility of obtaining oil. In this research, a number of studies have been done within the scope of the mentioned evaluations above. First, seed samples belonging to cocklebur plant (Xanthium sp.) were collected from around Kahramanmaras Menzelet Dam Lake. Then fixed fatty acid components were examined in collected seed samples. It has been determined that there are totally twenty two different fixed fatty acid components in cocklebur. The main fixed fatty acid components and ratios are; Linoleic acid (75.23%), oleic acid (13.59%), palmitic acid (5.93%), stearic acid (3.57%), behenic acid (0.68%) and myristic acid (0.02%).

KEYWORDS Cocklebur, Xanthium sp., Fixed oil, Fatty acid components, Kahramanmaras

Corresponding Author: ALİ RAHMİ KAYA, alirahmikaya@ksu.edu.tr 1 KSÜ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ 2 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ GEVAŞ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 3 BOZOK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ 4 KSÜ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ

1709

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1712

WATER-SATURATED ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF SOME HERBS PROMOTE BUTTER OXIDATION* 1

UĞUR KARDIL , HACER DOĞAN , MURAT KÜÇÜK , SEMRA ALKAN TÜRKUÇAR , AYÇA AKTAŞ KARAÇELIK

ABSTRACT Lipid oxidation of fats and fat containing foods deteriorate their characteristic properties such as flavor, color, texture, odor and nutritional value during manufacturing and storage. Therefore, various synthetic antioxidants are used for a long time as food additives to increase the oxidation stability of fats. Reliability of synthetic antioxidants has created a dispute. Therefore consumers, owing to their positive effects on health such as high antioxidant activity, desire the use of natural additives in the food industry instead of synthetic ones. Recently, many plant extracts have been investigated in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and the results have been compared to controls and standard antioxidants. In this study, plant extracts obtained with ethyl acetate saturated with water having high antioxidant activity were investigated to determine their suppressive effect on oxidation of butter. Concentrations of the selected plant extracts added to the butter were 200 ppm. Control sample (containing no antioxidants) was also used. In order to monitor the oxidation of the sample determination of peroxide value (PV) was utilized during a 180 days storage at 25 °C (Figure ). In contrary to our expectation, the extracts promoted the oxidation of butter leading to higher peroxide values as compared to that of control. The results provide an important fact about the food preparations of fatty nature that the plants to be used in such preparations should be closely monitored for their possible oxidation promoting properties besides the beneficial ones. *This study is supported by 2210-C Priority Areas Domestic Master Scholarship Programme of TUBITAK-BIDEB.

KEYWORDS butter, oxidation, natural antioxidant

Corresponding Author: HACER DOĞAN, hacerdogan@hitit.edu.tr 1 ADEPARTMENT OF GENETİCS AND BİOENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG AND NATURAL SCİENCES, GÜMÜŞHANE UNİVERSİTY, 29100 GÜMÜŞHANE, TÜRKİYE 2 HİTİT UNİVERSİTY SCİENTİFİC AND TECHNİCAL RESEARCH CENTER (HÜBTUAM), HİTİT UNİVERSİTY, 19030 ÇORUM 3 BDEPARTMENT OF CHEMİSTRY, FACULTY OF SCİENCES, KARADENİZ TECHNİCAL UNİVERSİTY, 61080 TRABZON, TÜRKİYE 4 CDEPARTMENT OF FOOD PROCESSİNG, ESPİYE VOCATİONAL SCHOOL, GİRESUN UNİVERSİTY, 28000 GİRESUN, TÜRKİYE

1710

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1714

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA 1

ELIF ÇELIK , ÖZLEM TURGAY

ABSTRACT ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF Hibiscus sabdariffa Elif ÇELİK, Özlem TURGAY University of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department of Food Engineering ozlem@ksu.edu.tr Hibiscus sabdariffa, Malvaceae, commonly known as roselle, red sorrel or karkade, is an annual herbaceous. These calyces are a good source of natural food colorants because of their high pigment content and the dried calyces are consumed worldwide in hot infusions and in cold drinks. In this study, total phenolic content, gallocatechin content and antibacterial activity of the water extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa were researched. Total phenolic content of water extracts of dry calyces was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The absorbance was measured at 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 min and performed extraction kinetics. Gallo-catechin content was detected by HPLC-DAD. Antimicrobial activity of volatile fatty acid of Hibiscus sabdariffa was determined by agar gel diffusion method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The total phenolic contents were ranged between 771-2056 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 ml hibiscus tea and gallo catechin contents were ranged between 0- 4.6 ppm. Tobramycin(10 µg), cefuroxime(30 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), cephazolin (30 µg), bacitracin (0,04 unit), nalidixic acid (30 µg), nitrofurantoin (300 µg) were used as positive control. Water extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa showed 7 mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli and 10 mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus.

KEYWORDS Hibiscus sabdariffa, volatile fatty acid, extraction kinetics

Corresponding Author: ELİF ÇELİK, elifcelik@ksu.edu.tr 1 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1711

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1715

DETERMİNATİON OF BİOLOGİCAL ACTİVİTY OF SOME EXTRACT’S AUBRİETA DELTOİDEA 1

NAHİDE DENİZ , ZEKİ ARICI, RAMAZAN MAMMADOV

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Since ages, literature has revealed plants to be the most important source of medicines for human health . According to the findings of the World Health Organization, up to 80% of the world’s population relies on plants for their primary health care.. The Brassicaceae family is used as a landscape plant of the genus Aubrieta. There are a few taxonomic, morphological, anatomical and ecological studies carried out with species belonging to the genus Aubrieta in our country.The majority of the work done is in the economic and landscape areas. In the study, Aubrieta deltoidea belonging to genus Aubrieta which is distributed in Denizli belonging to Brassicaceae family was used. Diagnosis of the plant was made according to Davis (1978). Plant samples were collected in July 2015, dried and ready for analysis. Plant samples were stored at +4°C until analysis runs. In this study, some biological activities of ethanol and acetone solvent extracts of Aubrieta deltoidea, which are naturally distributed in our country, have been investigated.Biological activity of species; Β-carotenelinoleic acid method and the DPPH method.The highest antioxidant activity (83.33%) was seen in ethanol extract of A. deltoidea strain.The highest free radical scavenging activity (81.24%) was seen in the A. deltoidea strain extract prepared with the acetone solvent. The results obtained in this study have shown that plants can be used as a readily available natural antioxidant source. A more detailed and versatile survey of these plants will be of great benefit to my country in terms of public health.

A. deltoidea , biological activity, DPPH, β-carotene-Linoleic acid method

Corresponding Author: NAHİDE DENİZ, ndeniz_09@hotmail.com 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1712

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1717

COMPOSITION OF HELICHRYSUM ITALICUM (ROTH) G. DON ESSENTIAL OIL FROM CYPRUS 1

BETÜL DEMIRCI , GÜLSÜM YILDIZ , MEHMET KOYUNCU , CÜNEYT K. BUHARALIOĞLU , KEMAL HÜSNÜ CAN 3 BAŞER

ABSTRACT The genus Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) comprises nearly 185 genera and 1240 species worldwide (Europe, Asia, Africa and Madagascar)( Bayer et al., 2007). It is represented by 24 species and 30 taxa of which 17 are endemic in the flora of Turkey (Guner et al.,2012). Helichrysum species are commonly known as ‘ölmez çiçek’, ‘altınotu’, ‘yayla çiçeği’ and are generally used as herbal tea in Turkey (Baytop, 1997). Helichrysum species are used in folk medicine for removing kidney stones (Suzgec et al., 2005,). Essential oil of Helichrysum italicum has antibacterial and anti-fungal activity (Mastelic et al., 2005). The study material was collected from Cyprus in May 2015. Aerial parts of Helichrysum italicum were subjected to hydrodistillation for 3 hours using a Clevenger apparatus. Chemical composition of the oil was investigated with GC-FID and GC/MS techniques. In total, 75 compounds (88.4%) were identified. The main components were β-caryophyllene (12.1%), tetradecanoic acid (10.9%), hexadecanoic acid (10.1%), α-humulene (7.9%), pentacosane (7.0%), dodecanoic acid (4.5%), rosifoliol (3.3% ) and heptacosane (3.2%). Key words: Helichrysum italicum, essential oil, GC/MS, GC-FID.

KEYWORDS Helichrysum italicum, essential oil, GC/MS, GC-FID.

Corresponding Author: GÜLSÜM YILDIZ, gulsumyildiz@anadolu.edu.tr 1 ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ULUSLARARASI KIBRIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 KIBRIS YAKIN DOĞU ÜİVERSİTESİ

1713

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1718

PRODUCING DISEASE–FREE GINGER IN GREENHOUSE CULTURE IN ANTALYA 1

AYŞE GÜL İNCE , MEHMET KARACA

ABSTRACT Culinary ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosco) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. Rhizomes of ginger are valuable not only as a spice but also as herbal medicine in the world. The production of culinary ginger is constrained due to: (i) it has a low proliferation rate; (ii) it is easily infected by soilborne pathogens such as bacterial wilt, soft rot and nematodes, which cause heavy losses in yield in open-field production; (iii) it has poor flowering and seed sets. Culinary ginger is tropical plant and needs plenty of heat and humidity. Climate of Antalya is not suitable for of culinary ginger. In this study, fresh culinary ginger rhizomes purchased from a grocery store in Antalya was used as starting plant material to investigate the possibility of producing disease–free ginger in greenhouse culture in Antalya. In the second year, a total of 12 rhizomes were used as planting materials. Rhizomes (the seed-pieces) had 2-4 well developed growth buds ("eyes"). Rhizomes are surface-sterilized in a 10% solution of household bleach (1 part bleach in 9 parts water) for 10 minutes, washed with ddH2O and then cured in a clean, disease-free area for three days before planting. Rhizomes were planted just below the soil surface in 12 pots filled with 1/4 peatmoss, 1/4 vermiculite, 1/4 perlit and 1/4 garden soil. Pots were watered sparingly until top growth developed. Once established, seedlings were watered heavily, fertilize monthly, and kept in a partially shaded location in a greenhouse. Harvesting of the rhizomes was performed when the greenhouse temperature started to drop below 10oC. Provided with adequate space, ginger plants could reach a height of 60-120 cm in the pots. Rhizomes yield per pot ranged from 400 g to 1200 g with a mean of about 600 g. Extension of growth period would increase the yield since during the harvesting time most of the ginger plants were in green. Our yield values were obtained in 8 months started in late March and ended in early November. Greenhouse production of ginger provided secured and protected environment from weather throughout the growing season, reducing the potential for accidental introduction of diseases. Ginger production was “unitized,” in each pot, allowing for quick removal from the area of a plant suspected of being contaminated. Grow-bags instead of pots could also be used for ginger production which could reduce the cost. Production in the pots filled with light-weight medium as the plants grow to simulate the hilling cultivation done in the field, eliminating the potential for root injury as an entry point for diseases. We noted that watering, fertilization and hilling of ginger production are very important. Use of pots provides for easy watering, fertilization and hilling, harvesting, and cleaning. In some hot days the temperature of the greenhouse exceeds 50oC and in these days plenty of water was supplied to the floor of the greenhouse to reduce the heat stress. Pots were placed on benches which were clean and at least 40 cm off the ground. Each pot was watered at least one time a day but in very hot days watering times increased. Triple superphosphate, gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O), NPK fertilizer and minor elements were provided. Based on 3 year-experiments the following conclusions were drawn: (i) ginger seed-pieces should be planted during March and harvested as latest as possible for best production; (ii) rhizomes with at least three eyes should be planted about 5 cm deep in each bag or pot Corresponding Author: AYŞE GÜL İNCE, aince@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1714

containing about 30 L of growing medium; (iii) hilling should be performed at least 4 times per growing seasons; (iv) irrigation emitters should be placed on top of the growing medium and around the planted seed-piece; (v) as the ginger plant grows, more medium should be added (hilling), and the irrigation emitters should be moved to the top of the growing medium. We also noted that hilling was an important process in ginger production to ensure development of rhizome size and mass. In the main text further information and discussions are provided for producing diseaseâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;free ginger in greenhouse culture in Antalya.

KEYWORDS Culinary ginger, disease-free growth, greenhouse production, Zingiber officinale

1715

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1719

TRANSFER OF MICROSATELLITES TO CARNATION USING INTERGENERA EST CONTIGS APPROACH 1

AYŞE GÜL İNCE , MEHMET KARACA

ABSTRACT Dianthus L. is one of the highly valued plant genera in the family Caryophyllaceae. The genus contains both annual and perennial plant species most of which are valued for their ornamental, volatile, aromatic, and medicinal properties. Compared with other ornamental, medicinal and aromatic plant species, application of DNA-based molecular marker system is limited in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Amongst DNA markers, microsatellites; also known simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or simple tandem repeats (STRs), are markers of the choice in many plant species. Microsatellites are important for research in both basic and applied sciences. The development of microsatellite markers require: (i) microsatellite library construction from genomic DNA of target species; (ii) identification of unique microsatellite loci screening with single or mixed simple sequence oligonucleotide probes; (iii) identifying a suitable DNA sequences flanking the microsatellite regions for primer design by sequencing studies; (iv) identification of PCR products representing desired microsatellite alleles; (v) evaluation and interpretation of microsatellite patterns, removing redundant and/or chimeric sequences, and (vi) assessing PCR products for polymorphism. Alternatively expressed sequence tags (EST) sequences are used in microsatellite markers development. However some species do not have enough EST resources including Dianthus L. At the time of EST minding of the present study there were just 630 ESTs for Dianthus L in NCBI databases. These are very low numbers of ESTs for mining microsatellites. Thus this study used a new approach, called inter-genera EST contigs approach to use the ESTs of related genera for microsatellite markers development. In this study, a total of 4618 EST sequences, 630 of which were for Dianthus caryophyllus L., 139 of which were Gypsophylla arrostii Guss., and 3849 of which were Sileneae latifolia Poir. derived from publicly available databases of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were mined to obtain ESTs with microsatellites using TRA 1.5 software program. Microsatellites in the present study were considered to contain motifs that were between two and six nucleotides in length. The minimum motif length criteria were defined as being 9 repeats for di-nucleotides, 7 repeats for tri-nucleotides, 6 repeats for tetra-nucleotides and 5 repeats for penta-nucleotides and 4 repeats for hexa-nucleotides. In order to obtain inter-genera contigs, ESTs containing microsatellites were assembled into contiguous sequences (contigs) using the Sequencher software. Contigs assembly parameters were set to a minimum overlap of 50 bases, 95% identity match, and the large gap option was implemented. A total of 14 contigs consisting of microsatellite-ESTs from D. caryophyllus, G. arrostii, S. latifolia and 25 singletons (those ESTs that were not found in any contigs) were further analyzed to design microsatellite primer pairs using the Primer 3 program. A total of 39 primer pairs were identified and commercially synthesized. Genomic DNA samples of several commercial carnation cultivars were extracted and amplified using the developed primer pairs. Results indicated that majority of the primer pairs could be successfully used in production of microsatellite markers in carnation genetic studies.

Corresponding Author: AYŞE GÜL İNCE, aince@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1716

KEYWORDS Dianthus caryophyllus L., ESTs, Gypsophylla spp., Sileneae spp., SSR

1717

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1720

MEDICINAL PLANTS ARE USED BY MOTHERS TO COPE WITH THE COMMON SYMPTOMS IN CHILDHOOD 1

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SEVİNÇ POLAT , AYŞE GÜROL , AYŞE ŞENER TAPLAK

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the use of complementary and alternative medicine all over the world. It is reported that about 40% of the health services is composed of traditional medicine in China and 71% of the population in Chile and 40% of the population in Colombia use similar medicine methods. Today, the interest towards the herbal methods has gradually increased due to the increase of resistant strains of microorganisms against drugs, the adverse effects of drugs, and their high cost. However, failure to know exactly the side effects of the plants consumed unconsciously has also brought the concerns about the harms of these methods. The use of herbal methods widely by the parents in symptom management in their children with the opinion that it is less harmful than drugs is an extremely sensitive situation in terms of the fact that it can cause serious conditions that may result in death. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the medicinal plants are used by mothers to cope with some problems frequently encountered in their children. Material and Method: The sample of the study consisted of 202 mothers who applied to Family Health Centers located in a city center in Central Anatolia between January and March 2017 and agreed to participate in the study. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers in accordance with the literature was used to collect the data. The obtained data were evaluated by using descriptive statistical methods in IBM SPSS Statistics 21 packaged software in the computer environment. Results: It was determined that average age of the mothers participating in the study was 38.40±10.03, 35.1% of them were high school graduate and 64.9% of them were housewives. It was determined that 41.5% of the mothers used herbal methods for sore throat induced by influenza and cold, 37.1% for nausea-vomiting, 28.2% for gas pain and indigestion, 26.7% for constipation, 17.8% for cough, 12.3% for coping with sleeping problems and calming the child down. It was found that almost all mothers preferred mint and lemon tea for coping with the sore throat induced by influenza and cold in children, the mostly used herbal method to relieve the gas pain in children was the fennel tea, half of mothers used linden and ginger tea and majority of the mothers preferred fennel tea for their children with constipation problems. 43.0% of the mothers were determined to obtain the herbal teas from sellers of medicinal herbs. 70.3% of the mothers considered that using herbal methods in symptom management in children is useful and 62.4% also recommended the method they used to the others. Conclusion: It was determined in the study that herbal teas were randomly used by the mothers for their children without medical advice, more than half of the mothers preferred herbal methods in symptom management and one third of the mothers recommended these methods to others. In accordance with the results obtained from the study, it is recommended to raise awareness of mothers about this matter by healthcare professionals and inform them about the appropriate dose and usage of

Corresponding Author: AYŞE GÜROL, ayseparlak42@gmail.com 1 BOZOK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1718

the herbal teas suggested by the physician in order to protect children from the detrimental effects of the herbal methods.

KEYWORDS Alternative theraphy, Child, Sympthom, Medicinal plants

1719

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1721

A NEW CONCEPT: NUTRACEUTICALS AND THEIR CONTENT 1

NAZAN AKTAŞ , GÜLPERİ HAKLI , ESMA AYBATTI , BİLİNÇ ALTUN

ABSTRACT Throughout life, people aim to maintain a healthy and high quality life. For maintaining a healthy lifestyle, feeding with quality foods is essential. The purpose of this study is to examine the nutraceutical conception that emerged as a result of combining of the words: nutrition and pharmaceutical. In this review study, the secondary data from the primary researches in the same subject were used, these data were obtained as a result of scanning in electronic scientific databases as well as written sources. Nutraceutical term, which provides a protective or physiological benefit to a chronic disease as an extract or food was used for the first time in 1989 by Dr. Stephen De Felice. While nutraceutical concept express any food extract support that enhances quality of life, maintains and improves physiological well-being by protecting health, protective against chronic diseases, does not develop toxic effects, functional foods refer to nutrients that reduce disease risk and have a beneficial effect on health. Nutraceuticals and functional food terms are used to describe food or food compounds that provide health benefits on the basic nutrition. While nutraceutical refers to both traditional and diverse (tablet, capsule, etc.) food and food compounds, functional food refers to traditional food forms. Functional food is called nutraceutical, when it helps the prevention and/or treatment of other diseases and/or disorders except anemia. For daily life and health, nutrition; for treatment of diseases, drugs; and for preventing diseases, nutraceuticals are required. Commonly used nutraceuticals include carotenoids, antioxidant vitamins, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, steroids, indoles, glycomine, controitin and fibers. Products that are used as nutraceuticals may be present in different dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, soft gels, and are not considered drugs. It is expected that the nutraceutical products that constitute a new field of interest in the science of pharmacognosy will make frequent use, contribute to food and health care.

KEYWORDS Nutraceutical, food, extract, nutrition

Corresponding Author: NAZAN AKTAŞ, naktas@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 DR. ARAZİ TIP MERKEZİ

1720

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1722

THE EFFECTS OF LYCOPEN APPLICATION ON SODIUM FLUORIDE (NAF) APPLIED RENAL CELL LINE 1

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SEDAT ÇETİN , FATMAGÜL YUR , MEHMET TAŞPINAR , SEMIHA DEDE , VEYSEL YÜKSEK

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

The present study was planned to investigate the potential protective effect of lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid, on NaF applied renal cell line. NRK-52 cells were cultured under standard in vitro conditions with regular passages. 10.000 cells were planted in each culture platelet well for NRK-52E cells. Cells were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C in an incubator that contained CO2. After the incubation, the medium on the cells was removed and the prepared NaF and lycopene solutions were added. At least 4 wells were used for each dose. Culture vessels were incubated at 37°C in a CO2 incubator for 6, 12, and 24 hours so that MTT stain could transform non-soluble formazan crystals and MTT assay was conducted. Findings: In conclusion, it was found that low lycopene doses reduced the toxic effect of NaF by 10-20%, whereas in the high dose lycopene treated groups, lycopene increased the toxic effect of NaF synergistically. As a result, it was concluded that administration of lycopene on NaF applied renal cell line exhibited different effects based on the dose and time. Keywords: NaF, Lycopene, Cell Culture, MTT, Kidney.

NaF, Lycopene, Cell Culture, MTT, Kidney

Corresponding Author: SEDAT ÇETİN, sedatcetin81@hotmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOKİMYA ANABİLİM DALI 2 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI 4 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖZALP MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU

1721

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1726

SOME PROPERTIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL ADDED TURKISH TRADITIONAL BEVERAGE BOZA 1

ELİF ÇAKIR , HATİCE EBRAR KIRTIL , YRD. DOÇ .DR M.ZEKİ DURAK , PORF. DR. MUHAMMET ARICI

ABSTRACT Aromatic essential oils are used as a natural preservative due to their antibacterial properties, taste, flavoras well as increasing their awareness on health benefits . Forth is purpose, we aim to bring new flavors and functional properties to boza without changing the original appearance of this traditional beverage. Raw boza was produced by using 1: 1 ratio of bulgur and rice. Boza was fermented by adding 2% traditionally fermented boza purchased from a local producer. At the end of the first fermentation period, ginger (Zingiber officinale), sage (Salviaofficinalis L.),fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation method from Clavenger were added. Ginger essential oil is used 500 ppm due to its sharp smell, fennel sage essential oils are used 600 ppm based on initial sensory tests. Physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of the study were investigated. Boza samples were stored 4 C for 5 days. The pH values during store of standard (control) boza was found to be 3.64- 3.50; boza with sage essential oil was 3.55-3.48; boza with fennel essential oil was 3.53-3.49; boza with ginger essential oil was 3.54-3.48. Standart (control) boza has been seen greatest decrease. Titratable acidity (TTA) were at standard boza 0.3%-0.47%; boza with sage essential oil 0.3%-0.37% ; boza with fennel essential oil 0.32%-0.38% while boza with ginner essential oil was found between 0.34%-0.39%. Alcohol content was found to be in standard boza (0.7% -0.9%); boza with sage essential essential oil (0.62% -0.66%); boza with fennel essential oil (0.66% -0.70%) and boza with ginger essential oil (0.63% -67%), respectively. The highest alcohol content was found in standard boza. Brix values in bozas (14.8% -13.7%) were not significantly different. At the same time, there was no significant difference between the color of standard boza and boza with essential oils in color parameters. According to microbiological analysis, total number of mesophyllaerob bacteria (MAB) were found in standard boza (7,84-8,74 log CFU/g), boza with fennel essential oil (7,91-8,08 log CFU/g), boza with sage essential oil (7,82-7,9 log CFU/g) and boza with ginger essential oil (7,77-7,72 log CFU/g), a higher number of bacteria were found in standart (control) boza and boza with fennel essential oil . During storage (5 days), number of lactic acid bacteria were reduced in all samples and the highest rate was found in boza with ginger essential oil (7,81-7,55 log CFU/ g). Total yeast was only increased in standard boza (6,5-6,6 log CFU/g), but was reduced in boza with fennel essential oil (5,9-5,67 log CFU/g), boza with sage essential oil (6,4-6,02 log CFU/g) and boza with ginger essential oil. In addition, antimicrobial activities of these essential oils added boza samples were determined on 8 pathogenic bacteria and 2 yeasts. The antibacterial effects (inhibition zone diameter) of sage essential oil, fennel essential oil, ginger essential oil were fixed on Candidaalbicans ATCC 10251 (15,5 mm) and Escherichiecoli ATCC 25922 (17,8 mm); Staphylococcusaureus ATCC 25923 (11,3 mm) and Listeriamonocytogenes ATCC 13932 (11,8 mm); Listeriamonocytogenes ATCC 13932 (12,3 mm) and Bacillussubtilis(14,5 mm), respectively. Total antioxidant capacities of bozas withess ential oils were similar to each other. Only the sage essential Corresponding Author: ELİF ÇAKIR, cakir.elif2014@gmail.com 1 YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ

1722

oil added boza was found to be higher(37.58%) than the others. As for sensory analysis, there was no difference on appearence and consistency among boza samples. Interms of taste, standard boza and boza with ginger essential oil were the best. As a result, boza with ginger essential oil is considered as an alternative and healtier option for boza.

KEYWORDS boza,essential oil ,sage,ginger,fenel

1723

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1727

UTILIZATION OF EST RESOURCES OF PERILLA FRUTESCENS L. FOR SSR MARKERS DEVELOPMENT 1

AYŞE GÜL İNCE , MEHMET KARACA , ADNAN AYDIN

ABSTRACT Perilla also known as beefsteak mint (Perilla frutescens (L.)) is a self-compatible annual herb in the family Lamiaceae. The beefsteak mint plant has a long history of use in traditional folk medicine and is an economical crop in the medicinal herb plant. Perilla has several important pharmaceutical, anti-allergic, and antioxidant functions. Perilla leaf composes of a number of chemical variants of the volatile essential oils such as perillaldehyde, elsholtziaketone, perilla ketone, perillene, phenylpropanoids, and piperitenone. Its seeds can be processed into foods and nutritional edible oils. The use of DNA markers in perilla breeding for development of promising cultivar and conservation studies is very limited. DNA markers are the best method for the selection of plants with desirable characteristics. DNA markers have been extensively used in plant improvement studies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based genotyping of molecular markers such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), and simple sequence repeats (SSRs, also known as microsatellites) have provided useful information regarding genetic diversity and genetic relationships in many crops. SSRs are considered the marker of choice in many applications because; (i) they are easy to develop since they are based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR); (ii) development of SSR markers does not require a high amount and high quality of genomic DNA; (iii) SSR markers can differentiate homozygote samples from heterozygote ones since they are co-dominant markers, and (iv) SSRs are highly polymorphic since they are often multiallelic and hypervariable. However, there is no report on the use of SSR markers for perilla due to a scarcity of primer pair. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are fragments of expressed genes occurring from singlepass sequencing of cDNA libraries. ESTs have been utilized for many purposes including the development of SSR markers. In the study, a total of 5349 Perilla frutescens (L.) expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were downloaded and ESTSSRs were identified using the Tandem Repeats Analyzer 1.5 (TRA 1.5) program. SSRs were searched using the following criteria: 9 repeats for di-nucleotides, 7 repeats for tri-nucleotides, 6 repeats for tetra-nucleotides and 5 repeats for penta-nucleotides and 4 repeats for hexa-nucleotides. Mining analyses indicated that the most common SSRs were di-nucleotide repeats (6.65%) followed with tri-nucleotide repeats (3.01%). Among the tetra- (0.2%), penta- (0.3%) and hexa-nucleotide (1.2%) repeats, di-nucleotide repeats were abundant in SSRs of perilla. EST-SSR primer pairs flanking the microsatellite domains were designed using PRIMER3 software. SSR primer pairs were designed with several criteria such minimum/maximum as length of expected product, GC content, melting temperature etc. Although results revealed that a total of 500 EST-SSR primer pairs could be designed, for the preliminary studies 17 EST-SSR primer pairs were designed. Annealing temperatures of the primer pairs are set to 55-56 C (Tm 59-60 C) and expected to amplify markers ranging from 211

Corresponding Author: ADNAN AYDIN, aydina@akdeniz.edu.tr 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1724

bp to 300 bp in size. These SSR primer pairs could be useful in genetic characterization and breeding studies of beefsteak mint.

KEYWORDS Beefsteak mint, DNA markers, ESTs, microsatellites, perilla, SSR

1725

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1728

AN INSIGHT INTO MICROPROPAGATION OF WATER HYSSOP (BACOPA MONNIERI L.)-AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL AQUATIC PLANT 1

FATMA NUR DOĞANAY , BURAK KAHVECI , ECE NUR KORKMAZ , MERT ÇELIKEL , MUHAMMAD AASIM , 1 MEHMET KARATAŞ

ABSTRACT Bacopa monnieri L. (Water hyssop or brahmi) is one of the important medicinal aquatic/semiaquatic plant of traditional Indian medicinal system. It contains important bio-active compounds like Bacosides that are used as commercial memory enhancer tonic. Number of Brahmi based registered drugs available are used for curing chronic diseases and disorders like cancer, asthma, mental illness, Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, respiratory ailments, and stomach ulcers. Due to its high demand, it is collected from wild which make this plant threatened to extinction. Propagation through seed is limited due to low seed viability and availability. Propagation through tissue culture techniques provides alternative way of production and conservation of this important aquatic plant. In recent years, large number of studies has been conducted to develop efficient and reproduce-able in vitro regeneration with objective to conserve and produce plants for continuous availability of secondary metabolites it contain. This study present an overview of in vitro regeneration of water hyssop through axillary or adventitious shoot proliferation using different explants, plant growth regulators and culture conditions like light followed by rooting and adaptation techniques.

KEYWORDS Aquatic, In vitro, medicinal micropropagation, Water Hyssop

Corresponding Author: MUHAMMAD AASİM, mshazim@gmail.com 1 DEPARTMENT OF BİOTECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, NECMETTİN ERBAKAN UNİVERSİTYY, 42060 KONYA, TURKEY

1726

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1729

THE IMPORTANCE OF OLIVE AND OLIVE INDUSTRY BYPRODUCTS IN ANIMAL FEEDING 1

TE D

HÜSEYIN ÇAYAN , AHMET ŞAHİN , GÜRAY ERENER

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

In recent years, the importance of natural products and the trend towards nature and the importance of medical and aromatic plants are increasing day by day. Our country, which has rich flora due to its geographical location, is also diversified in terms of medical and aromatic plants. Olive tree (Olea europaea) leaves have been widely used in traditional remedies in European and Mediterranean countries. Olive leaves, branches, olive cake and waste water are main olive byproducts during the progress of harvesting to olive oil production. The use of agricultural by-products in animal nutrition is as old as the domestication of animals. Among the main advantages of using byproducts in animal feeding are the reduced dependence of animals on cereals consumed by humans and the reduction of administration costs of waste products. Olive and olive by-product contain many potentially bioactive compounds that may have antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and hypocholesterolemic properties. The most important of these bioactive compounds are oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. In this review, it will be addressed to the possibilities of using by-products from olive and olive oil production in animal feeding as an alternative and to the results of several related studies.

Olive, Animal feeding, Olive by-product, Oleuropein

Corresponding Author: HÜSEYİN ÇAYAN, huseyin.cayan@ahievran.edu.tr 1 AHİ EVRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ ZOOTEKNİ BÖLÜMÜ, KIRŞEHİR 2 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ ZOOTEKNİ BÖLÜMÜ, SAMSUN

1727

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1732

EVALUATION OF THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITIONS OF 14 PISTACIA VERA FRUITS WITH CHEMOMETRIC APPROACH 1

HÜSEYİN TÜRKOĞLU , BİHTER ŞAHİN , ÖZGE TOKUL ÖLMEZ , ERHAN KAPLANER , MEHMET ÖZTÜRK , 1 MEHMET EMİN DURU

ABSTRACT Pistacia genus which is a member of Anacardiaceaehas a shelled edible fruit. This fruit is called as “Şam fıstığı” in some regions. Pistacia genus could be raised easily such places like barrened and limed land where other plants can not be cultivated. This genus is widely distributed from the Middle Asia to Anatolia. Iran, Turkey and U.S.A. shared first 3 position in the production of Pistacia. According to some anonymous data %33 of the production is made in Urfa. Pistacia consist more than %50 of oil and more than %20 of protein. Omega-3, omega-6 and highly unstaturated fatty acids are the major components of pistacio oil along with B-3, B-12,vitamine-A, provitamine-B5 (Panthenol) and B-1 (thio-vitamine) (1). In this study fatty acids of 14 pistacia vera from the different locations in Urfa were analyzed by GC-MS. In consideration of the fatty acid concentrations Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) were applied using Minitab software. Relations between the samples according to their locations and other properties were revealed. Referanslar (1) Satil, F.; Azcan, N.; Baser, K. H. C. Fatty acid composition of pistachio nuts in Turkey. Chem. Nat. Compd.2003, 39 (4), 322–324.

KEYWORDS Pistacia vera, GC-MS, PCA, HCA, chemometry

Corresponding Author: BİHTER ŞAHİN, bihtershn89@gmail.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1728

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1733

DIETARY USAGE OF FERULA ELEAOCHYTRIS POWDER IN ANIMAL NUTRITION 1

TE D

GÖKHAN FILIK , HAYRETTIN ÇAYIROĞLU , AYŞE GÜL FILIK , HÜSEYIN ÇAYAN , İSA COŞKUN , AHMET ŞAHIN

ABSTRACT

Ferula is a genus of about 170 species of flowering plants in the familiy Apiaceae, native to the Mediterranan region to East to Central Asia, mostly growing in arid climates. They are herbaceous perennial plants and present dominantly Keldağ of Yağladağı District of Hatay Province, as called “Çakşır”in Turkey. Animals, especially pastured goats, consume its leaves, enhancing reproductive performance in those animals, as known in folk literature. The root powder of this plant was used in small ruminant and poultry experiments. According to findings obtained from those studies the following outcomes; (1) having no harmfull effect on animal health, (2) showing hypoglicemic and hypocholesteromic effects in layer hens (3) improving carcass parameters in broiler chicks, (4) changing secondarily sex charactheristics in broiler chicks and quails, (5) and having eostrogenic effect in small ruminants. To conclude, ferula root powder has been needed be studied in detailed manner to produce new feed additives in animal nutrition.

KEYWORDS

Ferula eleaochytris, feeding, farm animals, feed additive

Corresponding Author: GÖKHAN FİLİK, gfilik@ahievran.edu.tr 1 AHİ EVRAN UNİVERSİTY AGRİCULTURE FACULTY, DEPT. OF AGRİCULTURAL BİOTECHNOLOGY, KIRŞEHİR 2 AHİ EVRAN UNİVERSİTY AGRİCULTURE FACULTY DEPT. OF ANİMAL SCİENCE, KIRŞEHİR

1729

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1735

A HEALING PLANT "MENENGIC" 1

MEHMET KÖTEN , HALIL EKICI , MUSTAFA SATOUF

ABSTRACT Terebinth tree (Pistacia terebinthus) is a member of Anacardiaceae family, native to Mediterranean, evergreen and grows ecologically without plantation in the mountainous and rural areas of Mediterranean, South East and Central Anatolian regions of Turkey. It is also known as çitlembik, çıtlık, çitemik and bıttım; named differently in different regions. Terebinth fruit is consumed as fresh or dried, as a coffee and used in traditional bread making in South East and southern regions of Turkey. In the same regions, terebinth paste is mixed with different spices and seasonings in order to prepare the mixture known as (kahvaltılık zahter) “breakfast zahter”. Due to rich tannin and resin content of terebinth; it is considered as a medicinal plant since ancient times. Ripe terebinth fruit is rich in protein, oil, dietary fiber, unsaturated fatty acid and mineral content. Terebinth’s fatty acid composition determined with gas chromatography is %52.3 oleic acid, %21.3 palmitic acid ve %19.7 linoleic acid. Sodium and phsophorus content is higher than the olive and banana fruits. Also it has been determined that terebinth has a higher potassium, phosphorus, calcium and iron content than potato. Due to high protein, oleic acid and linoleic acid content, terebinth is a healthy dietary element. In this study, Terebinth plant which has a strong potential as a functional food in terms of it’s components has been examined in the context of it’s all features.

KEYWORDS Menengic, Citlembik, Menengic fruit, Pistacia terebinthus

Corresponding Author: MEHMET KÖTEN, mehmetkoten@gmail.com 1 KİLİS 7 ARALIK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1730

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1736

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POLYSACCAHARIDE EXTRACTS OF TRICHOLOMA ANATOLICUM 1

ERHAN KAPLANER , MEHMET HÜSEYIN SİNGEÇ , MEHMET ÖZTÜRK

ABSTRACT Because having important nutrients (high protein content, rich fatty acid constituents) along with phenolics, terpenes, steroids and polysaccharides of medicinal mushrooms have been studied very frequently. Polysaccharide containing mushrooms show anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antiviral properties and immunomodulatory activities1. Tricholoma anatolicum which is naturally growing in Fethiye-Muğla. It is the commercial importance because of the similarity to that of Tricholoma matsutake, and was selected for this study. Mushroom samples collected from Fethiye-Mugla and brought to laboratory. All samples were air-dried under shadow. After grinding the dried mushrooms organic solvent extraction were applied with the increasing polarity (petroleum ether, acetone, methanol, successively). After taking the methanol extract the residue was used for hot water extraction. Ethanol was added to supernatant part (1:3 v/v) to precipitate the polysaccharides2, this part was coded HWEP and the remaining part was coded HWES. Antioxidant activities of these extracts were determined according to DPPH, ABTS+, β-carotene-linoleic acid, metal chelating and CUPRAC assays. HWES showed 81.9% lipid-peroxidation inhibitory activity at a concentration of 0.8 mg/mL while HWEP showed 78.0%. Both extracts were inactive against DPPH radical but HWES showed 82.8% ABTS+ radical scavenging activity. HWES had more ability for metal-chelating activity when compared with that of HWEP. However, in CUPRAC assay HWEP exhibited better activity Acknowledgements: This study is supported by TUBITAK-SBAG with the Project number of 113R012. References (1) Zhu, H.; Sheng, K.; Yan, E.; Qiao, J.; Lv, F. Extraction, purification and antibacterial activities of a polysaccharide from spent mushroom substrate. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2012, 50 (3), 840–843. (2) Villares, A.; García-Lafuente, A.; Guillamón, E.; Mateo-Vivaracho, L. Separation and characterization of the structural features of macromolecular carbohydrates from wild edible mushrooms. Bioact. Carbohydrates Diet. Fibre 2013, 2 (1), 15–21.

KEYWORDS Tricholoma anatolicum, polisakkarides, antioxidant activity

Corresponding Author: ERHAN KAPLANER, kaplaner.erhan@gmail.com 1 MUĞLA SIKTI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN FAKÜLTESİ

1731

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1737

HEALING EFFECTS OF BALNEOTHERAPY ON CLINICAL SYMPTOMS IN DIFFERENT PATIENTS: SURVEY-BASED STUDY 1

TE D

AHMET CELIKKAYA , BULENT ELTOK , İSMAIL ASLAN , BEKIR ÇAKICI , OZGUL M. ELITOK

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Aims. The aim of this survey-based study was investigated in the clinically healing effects of traditional balneotherapy methods in human (in future also in animals) suffured from different diseases in thermal areas Afyonkarahisar and Gazlıgol-Yaylabagi. Materials and Methods. The people had always flocked to the sources of natural mineral spring water for healing (balneotherapy). In the present study, people with different diseases had received balneotherapy as mud bath, hot water bath, drinking and bathing especially by themself and according to their own knowledge. Results. The results obtained from this study show that balne thearpy (drinking and bathing) was provided some clinical healing in most patient, but some unwilling effects of therapy had occured due to their unciously use the therapy. Discussion. Although some unwilling effects of traditional balneotherpy use were seen in some patient, the results of study shown that received balneotehary methods (drinking and bathing especially) were effective on clinical healing of some diseases in human beings. In future, our other aim will be using in animal diseases.

Afyonkarahisar, balneotherapy, SPA, traditional methods

Corresponding Author: BULENT ELTOK, elitok1969@hotmail.com 1 MEDİCAL DOCTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVİCE, AFYONKARAHİSAR GOVERNMENT HOSPİTAL, 03200AFYONKARAHİSAR/TURKEY 2 CORRESPONDİNG AND PRESENTER AUTHOR, ASSOC. PROF. DR., CHAİRMAN OF WHOLE BALNEOTHERAPY AND NATURAL TREATMENTS ASSOCİATİON/ AFYON KOCATEPE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VET. MED., DEPT. INTERNAL MED. 03200-AFYONKARAHİSAR/TURKEY 3 PHARMACİST., YEDİTEPE UNİVERSİTY, COSMETİC RESEARCH AND PRODUCE CENTER (YUKOZ), ATAŞEHİR, 34100-İSTANBUL/TURKEY 4 CHEMİST., YEDİTEPE UNİVERSİTY, COSMETİC RESEARCH AND PRODUCE CENTER (YUKOZ), ATAŞEHİR, 34100-İSTANBUL/TURKEY 5 5DR. VET. MED., AFYONKARAHİSAR RURAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY, 03200-AFYONKARAHİSAR/TURKEY

1732

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1739

DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HAPLOPHYLLUM BUXBAUMII PLANT IN DIFFERENT SOLVENTS 1

İSMAIL KOYUNCU , ADEM NECİP , İBRAHIM BEKTAŞ , MESUT IŞIK , ABDURRAHMAN AKDAĞ , ÖMER GÖÇ

ABSTRACT Most of the potential damage from oxygen is occured by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Uncontrolled produced ROS and unbalanced antioxidant mechanisms is the cause of many diseases [1]. Natural antioxidants are very important in the regulation of unbalanced antioxidant mechanism. The antioxidant effect of the phenolic compounds contained in the plants protects the cells from potential damage [2]. This study was designed to determine the phenolic and flavonoid species and the antioxidant activity of methanol, butanol, hexane, dichloromethane and water extracts in haplophyllum buxbaumii plant. The total phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the plant were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reactivity. The antioxidant activity of plant extracts was determined using the DPPH and ABTS which method of free radical scavenging activity test and the FRAP and CUPRAC which metal reduction capacity tests. BTH, Trolox, Ascorbic acid and Gallic acid were used as standard for antioxidant activity comparison. In this study, antioxidant activity of butanol extract was found to be more effective than the other extracts in FRAP and CUPRAC methods. It was observed that all extracts showed free radical scavenging activity in similar proportions in the DPPH test, the butanol extract in the ABTS test showed more activity than the other extracts and standards.

KEYWORDS Haplophyllum buxbaumii, Antioxidant, Reactive oxygen species

Corresponding Author: ADEM NECİP, ademnecip@harran.edu.tr 1 HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1733

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1740

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF FIBER FOODS USED FOR CONSTIPATION REMOVAL 1

FILIZ HISAR (DOÇ. DR.) , KEMAL MACIT HISAR (YRD. DOÇ. DR.)

TE D

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Constipation is a health problem affecting 20% of the world population. This condition is discomfort that affects the quality of life of the individual, causes colon cancer, and increases in severity with time. Constipation is an important preventable health problem that is common in women, children and the elderly. There are some risk factors for constipation, such as physical inactivity, gender, age, low level of education, socio-economic status, sexual abuse, presence of depressive symptoms, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, some diseases. According to the studies done, in women, in children, there is more frequent constipation in the elderly. There are many different treatment methods in constipation. As first-line treatment, lifestyle changes, fluid intake or exercise are recommended. However, the efficacy of these applications is limited. Laxatives are commonly used in constipation therapy. However, the use of these drugs often causes some adverse effects. Fibrous nutrients are recommended for the prevention and treatment of constipation. Taking fibrous foods in the diet is a positive approach to healthy eating. Increased dietary fiber intake in children and adults is recommended for the prevention and treatment of insomnia. It is stated that Ayaz and Hisar (2014), "Efficiency in the elimination of constipation of education and counseling services given to women", prevented the constipation with the intake of fiber foods in the diet. Studies in the form of a systematic review of the relationship between intake of fibrous nutrients and constipation in diets are not sufficient. For this reason this work is planned. Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine the systematic compilation of plant materials applied to eliminate constipation in the world and in our country. Method: The survey was conducted between 15-20 March 2017. Using electronic search engines, we obtained 360 articles and reached 49 articles by using the fibrous nutritional statement in Wiley-blackwell, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct Journals, Pubmed, Medline, and Cinahl plus full text databases. In the Constitution statement, 87 articles were reached, 64 articles have been reached with the expression and 2 articles have been reached with systematic compilation statement. In addition, 2 articles have been reached with the expression of herbal applications. The other side also scanned the google search engine (45 English, 8 Turkish articles reached). A total of 249 articles have been reached. It has been suggested to use fibrous nutrients applied to remove constipation in 11 articles. Conclusions: It has been found that 92% of the studies investigating the use of fibrous nutrients for removal of constipation are inadequate for fibrous nutrient uptake. It is stated that the number of feces and the amount of fiber increases with the consumption of fiber foods. KEYWORDS fibrous nutrients, constipation, herbal applications, public health, systematic review Corresponding Author: KEMAL MACİT HİSAR (YRD. DOÇ. DR.), kmhisar@hotmail.com 1 N.E. ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ 2 S.Ü. TIP FAK. HALK SAĞLIĞI AD.

1734

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1741

GINSENG AND ITS HEALTH DEVELOPER FUNCTIONS 1

SERAY AKALIN , MERVE ÖZDEMIR , FERAY GENÇER

ABSTRACT Ginseng is one of the plants used for treatment of many diseases for many years. Its use has spread all over the world from East Asian countries like China, Korea and Japan. Ginseng has been shown in many studies to have positive effects in many cases such as neurological diseases, immun system disorders, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases. Panax ginseng is the most valuable and important among the ginseng species. It has been used in East Asian medicine for centuries. The habit of using plants for medical purposes and healthy nutrition in Asia has also been adopted by western societies in recent years. Thus, P.ginseng has become available all over the world. Ginsenosides are main bioactive compuonds of P.ginseng. More than 50 ginsenosides have been isolated from P. Ginseng. Ginsenosides are a class of saponins with dammarane triterpenoid structure. Many human and animal studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of ginseng on health. Based on the results of these studies, it has been shown that ginsenosides and its different fractions have positive effects on the regulation of the immune response. It is also concluded that ginsenosides have important roles in tumor cell cytotoxicity against cancer development, differentiation of tumor cells, development of inflammation suppressor cells, prevention of metastasis, prevention of angiogenesis. Positive effects of ginsenosides on regulation of blood glucose level and treatment of diabetes as well as immune response and anticarcinogenic effects have been observed. It affects energy homeostasis by regulating insulin secretion and glucose transport as well as affecting peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR-γ) and AMPK function, these are two important proteins that are effective in adipocyte differentiation. One of the known effects of ginseng is the positive effects on the central nervous system. The neurotrophic effect on memory and learning is protective against neuronal damage. Ginseng has recently been a highly studied plant and different effects of ginsenosides on health are being explored further.

KEYWORDS Ginseng, ginsenosides, functional foods, P. ginseng

Corresponding Author: SERAY AKALIN, serayakalin@hacettepe.edu.tr 1 HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1735

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1742

THYMOL ATTENUATES INDOMETHACIN-INDUCED MACROMOLECULAR DAMAGES IN SMALL INTESTINE 1

FATIME GEYIKOGLU , NIHAL SIMSEK OZEK , FERHUNDE AYSIN , KUBRA KOC , SALIM CERIG

ABSTRACT THYMOL ATTENUATES INDOMETHACIN-INDUCED MACROMOLECULAR DAMAGES IN SMALL INTESTINE Fatime Geyikoglu1, Nihal Simsek Ozek*1,2, Ferhunde Aysin1,2, Kubra Koc1, Salim Cerig1 *Corresponding author: Nihal Simsek Ozek, e-mail: nihal.ozek@atauni.edu.tr phone number: + 90 0 442 231 1649 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, TURKEY 2East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Atatürk University, Erzurum, TURKEY Indometacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is commonly and efficiently used to reduce fever, pain and swelling from inflammation. In spite of its therapeutic potentials, it has adverse effects on the gastrointestinal system and the occurrence of these effects are associated with oxidative stress. It has been known that this stress causes macromolecular damages in biological systems and these effects can be decreased by the use of bioactive components of plants such as thymol etc. Although, the healing roles of several plant based products such as curcumin in the indomethacin induced damages of small intestine have been indicated, the attenuating role of thymol in these damages in terms of the structure and function of intestine macromolecules has not been demonstrated yet. The current study was established to elucidate these effects by Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy together with chemometric analysis approach. Rats received distilled water (control), indomethacin (25 mg/kg), indomethacin+ rantidine (50 mg/kg ran) and indomethacin+thymol combinations (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg Thymol) orally by intragastric gavage. Firstly, the spectra of small intestine samples were collected and then detailed spectral analyses including frequency, band area and bandwidth of spectral bands were performed to determine the structural and functional alterations in the tissue macromolecules. To discriminate the studied groups based on these alterations, hierarchical cluster (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to their spectra. The spectral results demonstrated that indomethacin caused significant damages in the unsaturated, saturated lipid, protein, nucleic acid amounts and also membrane fluidity with respect to the control and these damages may be related with the indomethacin-induced oxidative stress. On the other hand, especially 250 mg/kg dose of thymol administration ameliorated these damages with regards to the indomethacin group. The chemometric analysis indicated that the thymol treated groups were successfully discriminated from indomethacin group. The results of the current study suggest that thymol has the curative potential of the adverse effects of indomethacin in small intestine. Keywords: Indomethacin, Small intestine injury, Thymol, FTIR spectroscopy, Chemometric analysis.

Corresponding Author: NİHAL SİMSEK OZEK, nihal.ozek@atauni.edu.tr 1 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY 2 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY, 2EAST ANATOLİAN HİGH TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLİCATİON CENTER (DAYTAM), ATATÜRK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY

1736

KEYWORDS Indomethacin, Small intestine injury, Thymol, FTIR spectroscopy, Chemometric analysis.

1737

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1743

EFFECTS OF INFRARED RADIATION DRYING PROCESS ON ASCORBIC ACID CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DILL LEAVES 1

FILIZ İÇIER , MUTLU ÇEVIK , DAMLA BAYANA , DENIZ DÖNER , ÖMER FARUK ÇOKGEZME

ABSTRACT Dill (Anethum graveolens l.), is a biennial or annual herb of the parsley family (Apiaceae or Umbelliferae). Because of its rich antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid and total carotenoid content, dill is utilized as pharmaceutic plant. However, storage of fresh dill is very problematic due to its high moisture content, thus drying of it is one of the common preservation methods. In case of conventional air circulation drying systems heat is transferred to product from air by convection, therefore drying process takes long times and results in undesired changes in the product. In recent years, novel drying methods shortening process time have been studied. Infrared drying, which is one of these novel methods, is suitable for drying of the materials having high surface area and drying in the form of thin layer. In infrared drying, drying time is shortened and loss of the desired components is reduced due to its high heat transfer rate. In present study, dill leaves in the form of thin layer were dried in infrared drier at two different radiation power (85 and 102 W) from initial moisture content of 82±2 % to the final moisture content of %8±1 moisture content. Changes of drying times, antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid values depending on infrared power were determined. Drying times for low and high power levels were determined as 840 s and 620 s, respectively. It was determined that antioxidant activity values increased as the radiation power increased. The loss in ascorbic acid contents of dried samples were determined as 12% and 75% for low and high power, respectively. It was concluded that the loss of ascorbic acid content during infrared drying was more affected from radiation power than drying time. It was determined that as the radiation power increased by 20% for infrared drying of dill leaves having medical and aromatic value, its drying time was shortened by 27% and its antioxidant capacity increased while the degradation of ascorbic acid content increased. It was recommended that the optimum process parameters for infrared radiation drying of dill leaves should be determined by optimization studies taking into account of changes in quality attributes in addition to drying times and performance characteristics.

KEYWORDS dehydration, quality, power, medical, aromatic, seasoning

Corresponding Author: ÖMER FARUK ÇOKGEZME, ofarukcokgezme@gmail.com 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 MUNZUR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 3 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANABİLİM DALI

1738

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1745

EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF RHEUM RIBES (ROOT AND STEM) EXTRACTS ON HCT 116 COLORECTAL CANCER CELLS 1

İLKNUR ÇINAR , SÜMEYRA ÇETINKAYA , HATICE GÜL DURSUN , İPEK SÜNTAR

ABSTRACT Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent type of cancer that has rapidly increasing incidence, and shorter duration of survival. Due to serious side effects and chemo resistance of most chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of CRC, it becomes necessary to develop new cytotoxic agents. It is thought that, secure extracts of edible plants which contain structurally different molecules may prevent the development of multi-factorial diseases as CRC; new efficient strategies are comprehensively being investigated, including the development of phytopharmaceutics. Our aim in this study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts from stem and root of Rheum ribes, by applying them to the HCT 116 colorectal cancer cells. The samples of the stem and root of Rheum ribes were dried and powdered, and then extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents respectively. A total of 6 fractions of this plant were obtained. The cytotoxic effects of Rheum ribes extracts on HCT-116 cells were assessed using the XTT test. In order to determine the IC50 dose, plant extracts were applied to the cells at time (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) and dosedependent at 50-2000 μM. According to the results obtained, the best cytotoxic effect in all fractions was observed at 48th hour. The IC50 doses according to the fractions were determined as follows: root n-hexane: 672 μM, root ethylacetate: 96.32 μM, root methanol: 29.65 μM, stem n-hexane: 298.9 μM, stem ethylacetate: 226.6 μM, stem methanol: 182.9 μM. Among all extracts, root methanol was found to be the most effective fraction on cytotoxicity.

KEYWORDS Rheum ribes, cytotoxicity, cancer

Corresponding Author: İLKNUR ÇINAR, ilknurcinar@msn.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ A.D., KONYA 2 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMAKOGNOZİ A.D. ANKARA

1739

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1746

EFFECTS OF TIMOKINONE APPLICATION IN THE RENAL CELL LINE 1

TE D

VEYSEL YÜKSEK , SEMIHA DEDE

ABSTRACT

EFFECTS OF TIMOKINONE APPLICATION IN THE RENAL CELL LINE This study was planned to investigate the cytotoxic effects of thymokinon (TQ) which is a major component of Nigella sativa plant, which is widely used in various forms and reasons, in NRK-52E rat kidney cell line at various doses and durations. NRK-52E rat kidney cells were grown by regular passages in vitro conditions. TQ solutions prepared at different doses were added per well and MTT viability test was performed at 6, 12 and 24 hours. As a result, it was revealed that TQ administration NRK-52E is dependent on different dosages and duration; Low doses have permanently increased cell proliferation and cytotoxic activity has been consistently elevated as TQ doses are increased. Based on these results, it was concluded that the reliability of TQ administration in relation to dose and time on the kidneys should be evaluated in further studies.

KEYWORDS

Thymokinon, Cell culture, MTT, Cytotoxicity, Kidney

Corresponding Author: VEYSEL YÜKSEK, veyselyuksek@yyu.edu.tr 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1740

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1751

AMELIORATIVE EFFFECTS OF CARVACROL ON EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE PANCREATITIS 1

NIHAL SIMSEK OZEK , FATIME GEYIKOGLU , MIRKHALIL HOSSEINIGOUZDAGANI , KUBRA KOC , SALIM CERIG , 3 GÜLSAH YILDIZ DENIZ

ABSTRACT AMELIORATIVE EFFFECTS OF CARVACROL ON EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE PANCREATITIS Nihal Simsek Ozek1,2 Fatime Geyikoglu1, Mirkhalil Hosseinigouzdagani1, Kubra Koc1, Salim Cerig1, Gülsah Yildiz Deniz3 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, TURKEY 2 East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Atatürk University, Erzurum, TURKEY 3 Health Services, Vocational High School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, TURKEY Carvacrol, the main compound of thyme, possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor anti-oxidant, and anti-inﬂammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the curative efficacy of carvacrol on acute pancreatitis-induced kidney injury. With this aim, rats were randomized into control, acute pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis + carvacrol groups. The animals were given 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg Carvacrol by intraperitonally injections after 50 μg/kg cerulein injection. After experimental procedures, renal tissues were removed for histological and biochemical investigations. Kidney weight, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, total antioxidant status (TAS), the blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA) and creatinine (CRE) levels were measured. Histology of kidney was examined by using three different staining methods: Periodic acid Schiff, Masson trichrome and Amyloid. According to obtained results, the cerulein treatment caused significant alterations in the weights of kidneys. However, a significant decrease in the kidney weights with carvacrol treatment was obtained with respect to the acute pancreatitis group. Moreover, TAS level was found to be higher in the acute pancreatitis+carvacrol compared to the acute pancreatitis group. Depending on the increased dose of the carvacrol, the significant decrease in MDA level was obtained. Also, the BUN, CRE and UA levels of acute pancreatitis and carvacrol groups were significantly from each other. The marked amelioration of the renal histopathology induced by carvacrol treatment was observed. Taken together these data showed that 200 mg/kg carvacrol is an effective therapy against acute pancreatitis-induced renal damages and dysfunction. As conclusion, the ameliorative effect of carvacrol was associated with its antioxidant properties. Thus, carvacrol was suggested as natural pharmaceutical agent against pancreatitis-induced multiple organ damages.

KEYWORDS Acute pancreatitis, Carvacrol, Histopathology, Kidney, TAS. Corresponding Author: FATİME GEYİKOGLU, fgeyik@atauni.edu.tr 1 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY,EAST ANATOLİAN HİGH TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLİCATİON CENTER (DAYTAM), ATATÜRK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY 2 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY 3 HEALTH SERVİCES, VOCATİONAL HİGH SCHOOL, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY, ERZURUM, TURKEY

1741

Poster Session 13 Submission ID: 1752

SEPARATION OF ODOR COMPONENTS FROM HYACINTH (HYACINTHUS ORIENTALIS) IN DIFFERENT COLORS FOR USE IN PERFUME CONSTRUCTION AND COMPATIBILITY WITH SYNTHETIC HYACINTH 1

SEDEF AŞIK , NAZAN DEMİR

ABSTRACT In this study, it is aimed to look at some bioactivity of Hyacinthus orientalis species attracted to people naturally grown in Muğla and its surroundings in February and April, as well as to obtain the essential oil of the flower and to combine it with the essential oil of other flowers based on the notion concept And new perfume combinations were selected as the target. The right combination is considered to be the next step when it becomes a commercial product after patent and trademark work. Hyacinth is a flower that embellishes nature with its pleasant smell, appearance and colors which are common in Anatolia. It is known that about 30 subspecies of the hyacinth, an endemic flower species. Uncultivated onions, local species are still found in Anatolia and are a very popular flower as a part of our culture. Perfume is a generic name for cosmetic products, derived from fragrant oils, aromatic mixtures and various chemical substances, which are used to impart fragrance to the human body, various objects and environments. Briefly a perfume; It is an intuitive and artistic combination that Chemistry Science has developed from the way of good smell. The white, purple and pink hyacinths used in this study were selected from the Muğla villages and uncastrated local species. They were diagnosed and worked the day they were collected. The remaining parts were kept at -80 ° C for other work. Content analysis by HPLC was performed and the enzyme activities were examined to investigate the availability of phenolic compounds as well as other cosmetic products in flowers. The hyacinth flowers are subjected to different processes in order to obtain the essential oils separately. Extraction with organic solvents, water vapor distillation methods are used in this frame. IR spectra of different hyacinth hyacinth flowers were compared with the hyacinth essences on the market and different perfume combinations were studied. The efforts to optimize the successes of different perfume combinations have been continuing. As a result, the contents of some of the enzyme activities, essential oil components and phenolic components of hyacinth flowers were determined in this frame. Cinnamic alcohol, Ethyl 2-methoxybenzoate, 3,7-dimethyl-1, (E) -5 (E) -octatriene-7, (E) cinnamic alcohol and ethyl 2-methoxybenzoate. This study also increased the recognition of hyacinth flowers and provided them as a prestige product. References : [1] Demir N., Aşık S., 2017 "Investigation of Some Bioactivity and Odor Components of White Jasmine (Jasminum Officinale) and Its Use in Perfume Design", Master Thesis. [2] Lehninger, A. L. (2013) Principles of biochemistry, Worth Publishers Inc., New York, 1152s. [3] Demir N., Demir Y., Kaya E. and Aydın B., "Cysteine Protease from Primrose (Primula vulgaris)", Asian Journal of Chemistry, 24 (4), 14791482 - 2012. [4] Demir N., Uçkaya F., 2015 "Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Orange) and Citrus limon Corresponding Author: SEDEF AŞIK, demirn@yahoo.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ KOZMETİK ÜRÜNLER UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ 48000, MUĞLA

1742

(L.) Burm.F. Purification of Protease and Peroxidase Enzymes from Lemon (Lemon) Flowers and Their Use in Industrial Applications ", 44-46s. Doctoral Thesis.

KEYWORDS Hyacinthus (Hyacinthus orientalis), Odor components, Essential oil components, Phenolic compounds

1743

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 581

SHERBET AS A FUNCTIONAL TRADITIONAL DRINK 1

GAMZE TOYDEMIR , TUĞBA ÖZDAL , PERIHAN YOLCI ÖMEROĞLU , SÜMEYYE BETÜL KAYA

ABSTRACT Sherbet is a traditional drink in Turkey which is made from a mixture of a variety of fruits (tamarind, date, pomegranate, cranberry, red grape, rosehip, locust bean, etc.), spices (black cumin, cinnamon, ginger, cardamom, clove, etc.), and flowers (rose leaves, carnation, etc.), and further sweetened with the addition of honey or sugar. Before the appearance of its modern alternatives, sherbet was a popular drink in the past with its refreshing taste; and it was also used as a curing agent in medicine due to its health benefits. The main ingredients of sherbet, specifically fruits and spices, are well-known to be rich sources of antioxidant components that may provide protection against oxidative damage, and thereby prevent the incidence of several degenerative diseases, such as cancer. Therefore, sherbet could certainly be considered as a promising functional drink which could regain its popularity among health-conscious consumers. In this study, we aimed to determine the antioxidant potentials of three different sherbets, including tamarind, grape, and cranberry sherbets as among the most preferred sherbet drinks in Turkey. Total phenolic contents (TPC) and total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of sherbet samples were measured, in triplicates, using the methods of Folin Ciocalteau and Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC), respectively. Grape sherbet was found to have the highest TPC (53 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/ 100 g fresh weight) and TAC (184 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/ 100 g fresh weight) values among the tested sherbet samples, which was followed by cranberry sherbet -that had TPC and TAC values of 34 mg GAE/ 100 g fresh weight and 130 mg TE/ 100 g fresh weight, respectively- and tamarind sherbet – that had TPC and TAC values of 24 mg GAE/ 100 g fresh weight and 58 mg TE/ 100 g fresh weight, respectively. Current study indicate black grape, cranberry, and tamarind, which are the main fruit components of the namesake sherbet drinks, as potent fruit ingredients that could improve the functional properties of these traditional beverages with their substantial antioxidant potentials. This study is still on progress to reveal the bioactive properties of other sherbet types by characterizing their major phenolic compounds as well, which will enable us to highlight the health-related importance of sherbet consumption.

KEYWORDS sherbet, functional drink, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content

Corresponding Author: TUĞBA ÖZDAL, tugba.ozdal@okan.edu.tr 1 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, ALANYA ALAADDİN KEYKUBAT UNİVERSİTY 2 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, OKAN UNİVERSİTY 3 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, ULUDAG UNİVERSİTY

1744

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 602

VİTİS VİNİFERA L. AND AROMATHERAPY 1

NESRIN KARACA SANYÜREK , M. İLHAN ODABAŞIOĞLU , ATILLA ÇAKIR

ABSTRACT Aromatherapy is a natural treatment way based on the use of the oils obtained from plants. The concentrated vegetable energy in these essential oils obtained from plants is used in massage, steam, or bath. Aromatic oils are the ones, which are healable and curable. These oils are obtained from flowers, roots, trees, fruit, seeds, crust, and leaves, and have all of the properties that refresh and odorize plants. Humanity explored the benefit of these oils considered as the heart of plants thousands years ago. Aromatherapy based on the fact that essential oils obtained from plants influence the organism with olfactory receptors has a six-thousand-year-old history. Stress experienced intensively today is known to have a negative effect on every part of human body. The studies on the aftertreatment ways against several psychological and physiological illnesses go on. Grape seeds as waste produced by the different uses of grapes need to be made usable. Especially the rich content of grape seeds has started to be used as an alternative in the cosmetic industry, the food industry, and the health sector. Grape seeds, which include carbohydrate, oil, and protein, have the rich vitamin, mineral, antioxidant, and phenolic compound content. The amount of the oil in the seeds is between %10 and % 27. This potential, which has a light and absorbable property, should be evaluated. It has been found out by the studies made that grape seeds have such effects as decreasing the level of cholesterol, protecting against the harmful influences of medicine and chemicals, reducing the impact of UV lights on the skin, having antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant, and cardiovascular influences, improving eyesight, protecting against oedema after the operations, and renewing cells. Grape seed oil is used as essential oil and for treatment purposes because it is fluid, rich in fatty acids (omega 3, omega 6, omega 9), and has a high amount of vitamin E which can penetrate into the human skin easily and moisturizes. It is also used as bath and massage oil. The areas and amount of usage of grape seed oil in aromatherapy should be increased.

KEYWORDS V. vinifera L.; aromatherapy, grape seed oil

Corresponding Author: M. İLHAN ODABAŞIOĞLU, milhanodabasioglu@gmail.com 1 MUNZUR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, TUNCELİ 2 HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, ŞANLIURFA 3 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, BİNGÖL

1745

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 605

IMPORTANT TO HUMAN HEALTH, SOME BUSH FRUITS’ INVESTMENT POTENTIALS IN TUNCELI 1

NESRIN KARACA SANYÜREK , M. İLHAN ODABAŞIOĞLU , ATILLA ÇAKIR

ABSTRACT With the growing population on earth, the current resources are gradually decreasing and the destruction of nature is consequently increasing. However, our bush fruits, so valuable in terms of health, together with the endemic species are among the most affected ones from this destruction. Our country is quite fertile for the potential species with regard to bush fruits. There are many bush fruits, some of which have been unexplored or ignored though they have been used for some specific purposes. These fruits, particularly important to human health, are facing the danger of extinction because of the decrease in number, not being taken under protection, or the inadequate growth. Restoring of already extinct species is too difficult or even impossible. Tunceli, a city in the east of Turkey, is quite rich in bush fruits. Rich in nutrition, important to human health, these fruits are quite suitable for the processing industry. Bush fruits, easily grown in the infertile lands and under harsh climate conditions, have been known for having protective effects against many diseases and have been traditionally used against illnesses for years. Bush fruits and its rich potential in Tunceli wait to be explored. The richness of the district, the conditions of which are adaptable to the farming of Bullace (kara mamuk), rosehip (kuş burnu), blackberry (böğürtlen), raspberry (ahududu) highbush cranberry (gilaburu), thorn apple (alıç), should be realized and taken into consideration.

KEYWORDS Bush fruits; New investment plants; Tunceli; Human health

1746

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 639

HEALING TREE: COMMON WITCH HAZEL (HAMAMELIS VIRGINIANA) 1

TE D

İMGE İHSANE ÖZCAN , ŞÜHEDA BASIRE AKÇA

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

HEALING TREE: COMMON WITCH HAZEL (Hamamelis virginiana) There are approximately 100 species of Hamamelis in the world. Due to fallen leaves in the autumn and it started to bloom in the winter, they are called "Witch hazel," "Magic nut", "Magic walnut" and "Magic bush". Generally theirs species are grown in North America (H. mexicana, H. ovalis, H. virginiana and H. vernalis), Japan (H. japonica) and China (H. mollis). Of these, only as healing Hamamelis virginiana is used for medical purposes. One of the American species, the common witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) plant has been spread from South Florida to eastern Texas, western Nova Scotia to Minnesota. This plant is a tree that grows in forestland endemic to North American. It is also grown in Europe and semi-tropical forests. This plant, which is English Witch Hazel is also known as Bitter Hazel and Pigeon Tree in Turkey. The leaves and shells of Hamamelis is used for making tea, bandages, suppository, tincture and natural medicines. The most important effect of Hamamelis has a natural astringent namely firming feature. This is one of the most preferred plants in the cosmetic industry with this feature. In this study, have been given general characteristics of the common witch hazel, their usage areas, information obtained from various references about the studies.

Common witch hazel, Usage areas, Hamamelis virginiana

Corresponding Author: İMGE İHSANE ÖZCAN, imgeiozcan@beun.edu.tr 1 BÜLENT ECEVİT ÜNİVERSİTESİ MİTHAT-MEHMET ÇANAKÇI MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU

1747

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 994

HONEY PLANTS OF ORUMCEK FOREST : EVALUATING MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS FOR CULTIVATION 1

GÜLŞAH YILMAZ , GÜLSÜM YALDIZ

ABSTRACT Flora has a significant effect on characterization of honey in beekeeping. Örümcek Forest or Spider Forest is known possess highly rich plant diversity that including many medicinal and aromatic honey plants. Nearly 620 plants taxa were identified totally over 38 thousand hectares which of 263 hectares are protected in the Forest. In recent years, some regional projects are being implemented the medicinal and aromatic plants and to develop beekeeping by the local people and increasing employment in the Black Sea Region. Some medicinal and aromatic plants which are grown in the Örümcek Forest have been cultivated as part of a project and they have been growing in the Kürtün district of Gümüşhane Province since 2012. In this study, information is provided about the medicinal and aromatic plants that can be cultivated as a honey plant by flora trips in the Örümcek Forest.

KEYWORDS Flora, honey plant, cultuvation, medicinal and aromatic plants, Örümcek Forest

Corresponding Author: GÜLŞAH YILMAZ, ylmzgulsah@gmail.com 1 KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 ABANT İZZET BAYSAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ TARLA BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ

1748

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1029

IMPORTANTANCE OF GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSCOE) FOR HEALTH 1

HÜLYA VATANSEVER , DUYGU ERCAN ORUÇ , ABDULLAH ÇAĞLAR

ABSTRACT Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a member of the family Zingiberaceae, has been used as a spice and medicinal plant in many parts of the world for centuries. Many civilizations have been used ginger in various forms in the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections, stomach and intestinal disorders, nervous disorders, diabetes, infertility, headache, toothache and rheumatism. Carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins (A, B3, B6) and minerals (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, K, Na, Zn) constitute the nutrient content of ginger. In addition, ginger has shogaol and gingerol polyphenolic substances with high antioxidant properties. Researches have shown that ginger has numerous therapeutic properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antimicrobial, antiemetic, radioprotective, gastrokinetic, cologne effects. It has been determined that ginger is effective against various gastrointestinal cancers such as stomach, liver, pancreas and colonic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Modern clinical trials have shown that ginger helps to relieve nausea and vomiting to reduce muscle pain and discomfort and respiratory tract infections, and protects the digestive system and brain health. It also reduces LDL cholesterol and increases HDL cholesterol, regulating insulin levels. The results obtained from scientific data reveal that ginger supports most of the purposes of uses for various reasons among the people. The fact that ginger has a rich nutritional content and too many health benefits to mention increases the importance of spreading consumption of ginger.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plant, ginger, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, health

Corresponding Author: HÜLYA VATANSEVER, vatanseverhulya@hotmail.com 1 AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1749

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1559

THE DPPH FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND ABTS CATION RADICAL DECOLORISATION ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF SEEDED RAISINS 1

DILEK DEĞIRMENCI KARATAŞ , VEYSI ÖZ , MEHMET AKDENİZ , IŞIL AYDIN , ABDÜLSELAM ERTAŞ

ABSTRACT The DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity And ABTS Cation Radical Decolorisation Activities Of Ethanol Extracts of Grape Raisin Seeds Dilek Değirmenci KARATAŞ1 Veysi ÖZ1 Mehmet AKDENİZ2 Işıl AYDIN2 Abdulselam ERTAŞ3 1 Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Diyarbakır, TURKEY 2Dicle University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Diyarbakır, TURKEY 3Dicle University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Diyarbakır, TURKEY SUMMARY Considering the changes in nutrition recommendations and models in the world, the seeded raisins should be considered as one of the products with significant potential for foreign trade. In recent years, the demand for core black raisins, which are constantly on the agenda in terms of healthy nutrition due to their blood-building and high antioxidant content, has increased considerably. Anthocyanins are the most common phenolic compounds in red grapes and flavonols are most commonly present in white grapes. The health benefits associated with fresh grape consumption are broadly known and linked to the richness of phenolic compounds.These compounds have been demonstrated to have a wide range of biochemical and pharmacological effects, including anticarcinogenic, and antiatherogenic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. In this study, seeds of variety of grape varieties of Besni, Dımışkı, Rumi, Banazı siyahı, Horoz Karası, Kerküş grapes collected from Southeastern Anatolia Region of our country were studied. The material (4-8 g) was dried and powdered, and they were macerated with ethanol (25 mL × 3) for 24 h at 25 ºC. After filtration, the solvents were evaporated to obtain crude extracts. The ethanol extracts of seeds were tested for antioxidant (DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ABTS cation radical decolorization) activities in this study. Studied six extracts were found to be quite active on both antioxidant activity methods. In particular, the ethanol extract of Banazı Black (BBS) showed 86.34% inhibition in 50 μg / ml concentration and 87.79% in ABTS method in DPPH method. In both methods, it was found that the Dımışkı grape seed samples (DS) showed lower activity than the others. In our study, it was determined that antioxidant potentials of different grape varieties were quite different. We are continuing our efforts to determine the chemical components that cause this. Acknowledgements: The research was funded by grant : DUBAP from Dicle Üniversity Keywords: Vitis vinifera ssp. sativa, seeded raisins, seeds, DPPH, ABTS KEYWORDS Vitis vinifera ssp. sativa, çekirdekli kurutmalık üzüm, üzüm çekirdeği, DPPH, ABTS Corresponding Author: DİLEK DEĞİRMENCİ KARATAŞ, dilek76@gmail.com 1 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ BAHÇE BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ ANALİTİK KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ 3 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ FARMOKOGNOZİ BÖLÜMÜ

1750

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1753

THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF LAVANDULA STOECHAS L. AGAINST FOOD PATHOGENS 1

DUYGU BAYRAK , GÜLTEN ÖKMEN , ALİ ARSLAN , MUSTAFA VURKUN

ABSTRACT Foodborne pathogens are microorganisms as well as a number of parasites, which are capable of infecting humans via contaminated food or water. In recent years, diseases caused by foodborne pathogens have become an important public health problem in the world, producing a significant rate of morbidity and mortality. In traditional medicine, numerous plants and their extracts have used for thousands of years to treat health disorders. Although many studies were made on natural herbs, those involving the antimicrobial, antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of the herb species are rather rare. This study researches the biological activities of ethanol and methanol extracts of Lavandula stoechas L., which are prevalent in Turkey. In this study, 8 food pathogens were used for antimicrobial activity studies. Antimicrobial activity studies were done by disk diffusion assay and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). DPPH method was used for non-enzymatic antioxidant activity. The Lavandula extracts were screened for their antimutagenic activity against sodium azide by Ames test in absence of rat microsomal liver enzyme (-S9). The ethanol and methanol extracts of Lavandula stoechas showed antibacterial activity (7 mm) against most of bacteria. The antifungal activity of L. stoechas was not determined against C. albicans RSKK02029. The lowest MIC value was determined as 3250 µg/mL. The highest radical inhibition was determined as 79 % by Lavandula stoechas flower methanol extract. The flower extract of L. stoechas (12500 µg/plate) was found to have its highest antimutagenic activity for Salmonella Typhimurium TA98. This inhibition value is 42 %. L. stoechas leaves extracts (6250 and 3125 µg/plate) showed a moderate positive inhibitory effectfor Salmonella Typhimurium TA98, and TA100. L. stoechas flower extracts (12500 and 6250 µg/plate) showed a moderate positive inhibitory effect (respectively 31 and 30 %) for Salmonella Typhimurium TA100. The extracts of L. stoechas have antimicrobial, antioxidant and antimutagenic activities.

KEYWORDS Lavandula, Antimicrobial Activity, Antioxidant Activity, Antimutagenic Activity

Corresponding Author: ALİ ARSLAN, aliarslan47@gmail.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1751

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1755

EFFECT OF INFUSION TIME AND CONCENTRATION ON ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF LAVANDULA STOECHAS L. TEAS 1

SIBEL AYDIN , PINAR KADIROĞLU

ABSTRACT Lavandula stoechas L. that belongs to Lamiaceae family is one of the medicinal and aromatic plants, especially grown in the Mediterrenean Region. The antiseptic effect of this plant with emphasis on treatment of several diseases were reported. Recently, the great concern on natural products and the plants like this has increased. Studies on Lavandula stoechas L. were mostly performed on antibacterial properties of volatile oils of this plant. However, there was no study on optimization of infusion process that were related with antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Lavandula stoechas L. teas. In this study, the effects of different infusion times and concentrations on antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of teas were investigated. For this purpose, teas were infused at 10% and 20% (w/v) concentrations for 5, 10 and 20 minutes. Antimicrobial activity test was conducted with KirbyBauer disc diffusion assay by using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as test organisms and zones of inhibition of teas were determined. Antioxidant potential of teas was performed with DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. According to the results, antimicrobial activities of teas infused for 10 to 20 minutes were found to be similar and higher than infusion time of 5 minutes. When the effect of infusion concentrations were compared, antimicrobial acitivity teas with 20% (w/v) was higher than 10% (w/v) concentration. Antimicrobial potential of Lavandula stoechas L. teas was more effective on E. coli rather than S. aureus. Antioxidant potentials of the teas were comparable with antimicrobial activities and teas with higher infusion concentration and 10 minutes infusion time had better antioxidant potential when compared to other infusion conditions. The results revealed that optimization of infusion conditions of teas were important for remarkable inhibiton against pathogens and antioxidant potential.

KEYWORDS Lavandula stoechas L., infusion, antimicrobial, antioxidant

Corresponding Author: PINAR KADİROĞLU, pkadiroglu@adanabtu.edu.tr 1 ADANA SCİENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNİVERSİTY

1752

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1756

THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SILYBUM MARIANUM L. GAERTN. AGAINST FOOD SPOILAGE MICROORGANISMS 1

DUYGU BAYRAK , GÜLTEN ÖKMEN , ALİ ARSLAN

ABSTRACT Food safety and foodborne pathogenic microorganisms are one of the major public health problems in the globalizing world. In the world, numerous plants and their extracts are used for thousands of years to treat health disorders. This study researches the biological activities of extracts of Silybum marianum, which is prevalent in Turkey. In this study, 7 bacteria and 1 yeast were used for antimicrobial activity studies. Antimicrobial activities studies were done by disk diffusion assay and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). Antioxidant activities were studied by DPPH method. The plant extracts were screened for their antimutagenic activity against sodium azide by Ames test in absence of rat microsomal liver enzyme (-S9). The extracts of Silybum marianum showed strong antibacterial activity (10 mm) against Bacillus subtilis RSKK245 and Staphylococcus aureus RSKK2392. The highest antifungal activity was obtained methanol extract of Silybum marianum flowers against Candida albicans RSKK02029 (9 mm). The lowest MIC value was found as 3250 µg/mL. The highest radical inhibition was determined as 72 % by Silybum marianum flower methanol extract. Silybum marianum flower extracts (12500 and 6250 µg/plate) showed a mutagen effect for Salmonella Typhimurium TA98. However, these extracts showed low antimutagenic activity for Salmonella Typhimurium TA100. Silybum marianum leaves extracts (6250 and 3125 µg/plate) showed a moderate positive inhibitory effect for Salmonella Typhimurium TA98, and TA100 (respectively 38 and 28 %). The leaves and flowers extracts of Silybum marianum have antimicrobial, antioxidant and antimutagenic potential.

KEYWORDS Silybum, Antimicrobial Activity, Antioxidant Activity, Antimutagenic Activity

Corresponding Author: ALİ ARSLAN, aliarslan47@gmail.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1753

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1758

ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION AND ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACHILLEA CAPPADOCICA 1

NUSRET GENÇ , HÜSEYIN AKŞİT , MAHFUZ ELMASTAŞ , ZEYNEP AKŞİT , İSA KARAMAN , BEDRETTIN SELVİ

ABSTRACT Achillea species is perennial herbs belongs to Asteraceae family and has a characteristic odor. The genus Achillea is represented 41 species and 7 subspecies 24 of which are endemic to Turkey according to Flora of Turkey. Achillea cappadocica is one of the endemic species and its essential oil compositions has not been reported previously. Achillea species are known as “civan perçemi” in Turkish and used as a folk medicine. A large number of Achillea species are on the "generally recognized as safe plants list (GRASS) ” in Turkey and marketed for treatment of various diseases. This study focused on the determination of essential oil composition of A. cappadocica. Plant materials were collected from Refahiye, Erzincan at June 2016. Essential oils were obtained using clevenger type apparatus during 30 min and analyzed with GC-MS instrument. 27 compounds were identified representing %97.4 of total oil. The major components were found as ascaridiol (%55.5) isoascaridiol (%10.3), p-cymene (%11.17) and eucalyptol (%6,56). Ascaridiol is a naturally occurring endoperoxide monoterpene found in essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides (Mexican tea). Ascaridiol and isoascaridiol have unknown toxicity. It was reported the occurrence of ascaridiol in Achillea millefolium growing northern Greece as major component by % 47 [1]. When compared other Achillea species growing in Turkey, the being large amount of ascaridiol in Achillea cappadocica is remarkable. To ensure identifying ascaridiol, 1H and 13C-NMR spectrums of crude essential oil were recorded in CDCl3 due to suspicious MS library hits. Two olefinic methine (136.3 C2 and 133.0 C3), one aliphatic methine (32.1 C8), two oxygenated quaternary (79.7 C4 and 74.3 C1), three methyl (21.3 C7, 17.2 C9, 17.1 C10) , two aliphatic methylene (29.5 C6, 25.6 C5) signals were observed at 13C-NMR spectrum with fully agreement with literature data[2]. The antifungal and antibacterial activity of crude essential oil were determined using disc diffusion method. Essential oil exhibited great activity against P. aeruginosa, E. faeccalis and S. aureus and moderate activity against E. coli and C. albicans when compared commercially available some antibiotics such as tetracycline, gentamycin and streptomycin. 1. Chatzopoulou, P., S.T. Katsiotis, and A.B. Svendsen, An ascaridole containing essential oil of the Achillea millefolium L. complex growing wild in northern Greece. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1992. 4(5): p. 457-459. 2. Cavalli, J.F., et al., Combined analysis of the essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides by GC, GC‐ MS and 13C‐ NMR spectroscopy: quantitative determination of ascaridole, a heat‐ sensitive compound. Phytochemical Analysis, 2004. 15(5): p. 275-279.

KEYWORDS Achillea cappadocica, Antifungal Activity, Antibacterial Activity, Essential Oil Corresponding Author: NUSRET GENÇ, nusretgenc@gmail.com 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1754

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1760

ISOLATION BIOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS FROM TRICHOLOMA FOCALE 1

MEHMET HÜSEYIN SINGEÇ , ERHAN KAPLANER , MEHMET ÖZTÜRK

ABSTRACT Tricholoma species are generally favorable in most of the Asian countries among the others because of their marvelous tastes. Anatolia has diversity of Tricholoma species. Tricholoma anatolicum is considered as a new matsutake belonging to Anatolia peninsula. Tricholoma focale is another mushroom which is widely found in conifer forests of Anatolia. Having the diverse biological activity and being an important source of food, these mushrooms have very broad investigation field (Zaidman, Yassin, Mahajna, & Wasser, 2005). The aim of this study is to isolate biologically active compounds from Tricholoma focale. For this purpose the mushroom was extracted using methanol. Silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and Recycling prep. HPLC were employed for isolation studies. As a result, 1 new steroid along with 3 known compounds (2-4) isolated. 1 2 3 4 Acknowledgements: This study is supported by TUBITAK-SBAG with the Project number of 113R012. References: Zaidman, B.-Z., Yassin, M., Mahajna, J., & Wasser, S. P. (2005). Medicinal mushroom modulators of molecular targets as cancer therapeutics. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 67(4), 453–68. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-004-1787-z

KEYWORDS Tricholoma focale, biological compounds, isolation, NMR spectroscopy

Corresponding Author: MEHMET HÜSEYİN SİNGEÇ, singecmh@gmail.com 1 MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1755

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1761

EFFECTS OF POLYPHENOLS ON DIGESTIBILITY OF MACRONUTRIENTS 1

YUSUF DURMUŞ , MÜNIR ANIL

ABSTRACT Polyphenols are dietary constituents of plants associated with health-promoting effects which are generally consumed with macronutrients in the human diet. Some polyphenols found in foods include catechins, condensed tannins, anthocyanidins and some phenolic acids such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, phytic acid, gallic acid, etc. The effect of interactions between food macronutrients and plant phenols is a very important topic because of their bioavailability that effect on human health. Polyphenolic compounds have capacity to bind and precipitate proteins. Low-molecular-weight phenols are unable to precipitate protein, and oligomers must contain at least three flavonol subunits to effectively precipitate protein. The protein–polyphenol complexes do not affect the absorption of polyphenols but can significantly change the plasma kinetics profile. Moreover, tannins can bind and inhibit other endogenous proteins in the intestinal tract, such as digestive enzymes. This leads reduction not only to the digestibility of the protein but also to other macronutrients such as starch and lipids. Likewise, polyphenols also can form complexes with polysaccharides other than those that form the plant cell wall (i.e., starch) and also affect the glycemic and insulinemic responses. Carbohydrates can increase absorption and prolong the time required to reach the maximum polyphenol concentration. Interaction of phenolic acid with starch significantly contributes to the inhibitory effect of starch hydrolysis. Increased fermentation of oligosaccharides in the large intestine increases polyphenol bioavailability. Furthermore, the fermentation of oligosaccharides enlarges the intestinal mucosa, suppresses the bacterial degradation of the polyphenols in caecum, and also influences the mucosal blood flow by stimulating mucosal blood flow, thus contributing to polyphenol absorption in the intestine. In addition to its effect on absorption, it has been observed that carbohydrates alter the plasma kinetic profile of polyphenols. A positive correlation was observed between fat concentration and bioavailability of polyphenols after in vitro gastropancreatic digestion. Oils can change the absorption kinetics of polyphenols and increase their absorption. Hydrophobic interactions between oils and polyphenols promote the stability of polyphenols during digestion and therefore high fat content in the food have a protective effect. Bioavailability of phenolic compounds has been determined to increase after medium-chain fatty acid and long-chain fatty acid diets compared to standard diets. In addition, the degree of saturation of the oils can affect the bioavailability of the polyphenols. Furthermore, not only a food ingredient but also certain synergies between food macro nutrients have an important effect on the bioavailability and bioactivity of polyphenols.

KEYWORDS Polyphenols, macronutrients, digestibility Corresponding Author: MÜNİR ANIL, munira@omu.edu.tr 1 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 ONDOKUZMAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1756

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1762

EFFECT OF GROUNDING PROCESS ON ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF CARDAMOM EXTRACTS 1

SIBEL AYDIN , PINAR KADIROĞLU

ABSTRACT Cardamom, dried fruits of Elettaria cardamomum belongs to Zingiberaceae family. Cardamom is mostly harvested in southern India, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Guatemala. It is traditionally used in various gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and neuronal disorders. The dried fruit of cardamom is used either whole or ground form as a food additive and flavouring agent. Cardamom has unique aromatic and sharp flavour. The cardamom flavour used in processed foods, is mainly provided by the cardamom essential oil. In this study, cardamom as whole and ground form was extracted with boiled water at 20% (w/v) concentration for 10 minutes. Antimicrobial activities of extracts were assessed with Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay by using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as test organisms and zones of inhibition of extracts were determined. Antioxidant potential of extracts was performed with DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. According to the results, ground cardamom extracts had possessed better antioxidant potential than whole cardamom extracts. Antimicrobial activity studies revealed that all extracts had no antimicrobial potential against tested microorganisms.

KEYWORDS Cardamom, grounding, extraction, antimicrobial, antioxidant

Corresponding Author: PINAR KADİROĞLU, pkadiroglu@adanabtu.edu.tr 1 ADANA SCİENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNİVERSİTY

1757

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1763

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HERBAL TEAS ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL 1

GÜLŞAH KANER , EZGI BELLIKCI KOYU , HALIL KOYU

ABSTRACT Diabetes is a chronic disease which is related with impaired insulin secretion or utilization. Type 2 diabetes, is a serious global health problem and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. According to the Turkish Epidemiology Survey of Diabetes, Hypertension, Obesity and Endocrine Disease II (TURDEP-II) study, diabetes prevalence was reached to 13.7% in adults. Due to the chronic nature of diabetes and its effects on quality of life, people are interested in herbal medicine to reduce symptoms of disease. According to the ethnobotanical studies, approximately 200 taxa have been used to control blood glucose level in Turkey. Additionally, many plants such as cinnamon and ginger is popular among diabetes patients in Turkey although they are not native to our flora. Plants are mostly prepared by infusion or decoction methods in traditional medicine, which are commonly called as tea. Besides its therapeutic purpose, herbal teas are used as a part of daily nutrition and they increase the quality of with their polyphenolic content. Due to the high patient compliance and easy preparation and use, herbal teas can be consumed as a practical complementary therapy in daily nutrition. However, suggesting these products in clinics for glycemic control requires detailed information about their effectiveness and safety. In line with this objective, in this study, some plants commonly used for glycemic control such as Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Matricaria chamomilla L., Morus alba L., Morus nigra L., Rosa canina L, Salvia fruticosa Mill., Urtica dioica L. and Zingiber officinalis Roscoe are reviewed regarding the scientific literature.

KEYWORDS Diabetes, herbal teas, glycemic control

Corresponding Author: EZGİ BELLİKCİ KOYU, ezgi_bellikci@hotmail.com 1 IZMİR KATİP CELEBİ UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF HEALTH SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF NUTRİTİON AND DİETETİCS, IZMİR 2 IZMİR KATİP CELEBİ UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL BOTANY, IZMİR

1758

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1764

TRADITIONAL USE, PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY OF FERULA L. SPECIES: A REVIEW 1

HAKIYE ASLAN , ELIF YILDIRIM

ABSTRACT Ferula L. is the third largest species of the Apiaceae family and consists of 180-185 varieties of flowering plants that grow in central and southern western Asia, the Far East, North India and the Mediterranean Basin. A total of 27 Ferula species (23 species and 4 subspecies), of which 9 are endemic, grow in the mountainous region of Eastern Anatolia, Central Anatolia, Southeast Anatolia and Eastern Mediterranean in Turkey. Some of species of genus Ferula are used as spices, while others are used in the preparation of local drugs to treatment of circulatory system disorders, strengthening nerves and muscles, muscle pain, bone erosion and infertility. Also, in recent years, it has been found that some species of Ferula genus exhibit antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-tumor and antiangiogenic activities according to the in vitro and in vivo studies. However, it has been found that some Ferula species, such as F.communis, have two different types of chemotypes that are toxic and non-toxic. The toxic chemotype shows anticoagulant and cytotoxic effects with sesquiterpene coumarins as main components while the main component of non-toxic chemotype is the daucane sesquiterpene esters and has an estrogenic effects. In this study, the available information about the traditional use, pharmacology and toxicology of Ferula L. species is summarized and its potential therapeutic effect, medical and economic importance has been mentioned.

KEYWORDS Ferula L., pharmacology, toxicology

Corresponding Author: HAKİYE ASLAN, hakiye@hotmail.com 1 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ HASTANESİ

1759

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1765

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS DRIED POLLEN SAMPLES ON BIOFILM FORMATION IN P. AERUGINOSA 1

HALIME ÇEVİKBAŞ , BEKIR GÖKÇEN MAZI , SEYHAN ULUSOY

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen which forms biofilm through quorum sensing system. Repressing biofilm formation will be a treatment approach that looks promising especially for the immunocompromised patients. Hence, a variety of pollen samples that are known to be beneficial for human health and have been used for this purpose for a long time were tested. The effects of the five pollen samples that were exposed to different drying processes on biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa were investigated. In conclusion, it was observed that the frozen pollen sample (DP) inhibited biofilm formation by %62 with maximum rates. At the end of this research, it was showed that pollens can be a significant anti-virulant agent by suppressing biofilm formation.

KEYWORDS Pollen, biofilm, P. aeruginosa.

Corresponding Author: HALİME ÇEVİKBAŞ, halimecevikbas@gmail.com 1 SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1760

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1767

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF HAPLOPHYLLUM PTILOSTYLUM AND ALCEA ACAULIS 1

ABDURRAHMAN AKDAG , ABDULLAH AYKANAT , DERYA AKÇIÇEK , ISMAIL KOYUNCU , MESUT IŞIK , 6 MAHMUT PADAK

ABSTRACT Many pathological disorders such as arthrosclerosis, diabetes and cancer are associated with reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants protect the cells from harmful effects of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the detection of antioxidant rich plants is important for preventing and treating the oxidation of cells. The present study was conducted to determine the total phenolic/flavonoid content, antioxidant activitiy of methanol, buthanol, dichlorometane, water and hexane extracts prepared from Haplophyllum ptilostylum and Alcea acaulis. Antioxidant activity of the sample was comparable to commercial antioxidant standards (BHT, askorbik asit and trolox). The results showed that extracts prepared with different solvents has moderate free radical scavenging and reducing capacity.

KEYWORDS Alcea acaulis, Antioxidant, Haplophyllum ptilostylum, reactive oxygen species

Corresponding Author: MESUT IŞIK, mesutisik16@gmail.com 1 HARRAN UNİVERSTY

1761

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1769

FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF ISPARTA ROSE ( ROSA DAMASCENA MILL.) AND HEALTH EFFECTS 1

SANIYE SÖZLÜ , EFSUN KARABUDAK

ABSTRACT It has been reported that mutations are an important cause in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases such as atherosclerosis, heart disorders and cancer. For this reason, anti-mutagens from natural dietary sources that can resist the promutogenic and carcinogenic effects of mutagens have a great deal of precaution. Several phytochemicals have been reported to provide health protective effects through their anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic and antiinflammatory activities. It is known that a large part of these health effects are carried out through phenolics and flavonoids in phytochemicals. The benefits derived from the use of natural products rich in bioactive substances have increased the growing interest of pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. Roses are also used in perfumes, pharmaceuticals and food industries as well as being used as an ornamental plant in parks, gardens and houses, with over 150 species and more than 20,000 cultivars. The Rosa genus is composed of many species and different regions have their own endemic species. Rosa Damascena Mill. (Damask rose, Oil-bearing rose, Pink rose) is the most important species, producing a high-value aromatic oil, which is used in the pharmaceutical and fragrance industries. Turkey is one of the most important country growing Rosa damascena in the world. Several components were isolated from the flowers, leaves and seeds of R. damascena including terpenes, glycosides, flavonoids and anthocyanins. It also contains carboxylic acid, vitamin C, kaempferol and quercetin and organic acids. It has attracted attention in recent years as a medical food ingredient due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cyclooxygenase inhibition activities as well as essential oil and pharmaceutical effects produced. The rose seed extract has been shown to have antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Generallay, the extent of the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of the extracts could be attributed to their phenolic compounds and essential oil contents. According to the results, the extracts obtained from fresh Rosa damascena flowers have higher antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity than the dried ones. It is reported that roses may be one of the important functional foods with the positive effects on health. For this reason, rose extracts may have potency to be used as a natural antioxidant source in healthy products for the prevention of oxidative damage and for the inhibition of the progression of certain diseases (heart diseases, cancer, diabetes). However, the food sources that currently contain roses on the market are products of high sugar content, such as Turkish delight, jam. Consumption can be supported by developing healthy foods.

KEYWORDS Rosa damascena, phenolics, health effects

Corresponding Author: SANİYE SÖZLÜ, saniyekoyuncu05@gmail.com 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1762

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1770

EFFECTS OF CURCUMIN ON BREAST CANCER 1

NAZLI NUR ASLAN , MELDA KANGALGİL , AYŞE ÖZFER ÖZÇELİK

ABSTRACT Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol obtained from the Curcuma longa plant, commonly known as turmeric. Approximately 2.0-5.0% of curcumin is curcuminoid and it is responsible for the the yellow color of the spice and its therapeutic effects. Curcumin has various biological and pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, aniinflammatory, antiviral, antiischemic, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulator, antiproliferative and anticancer. Curcumin is helpful in reducing post-operative inflammation and in preventing atherosclerosis. In addition, curcumin also prevents the development of Helicobacter pylori, which causes gastric ulcer and is associated with gastric cancer. Curcumin can bind to heavy metals such as cadmium and lead, and thus reduce the toxicity of these heavy metals. Studies showed that curcumin does not have toxic effects on humans. Despite its strong biological and pharmacological properties, low bioavailability is the most important problem in the clinical use of curcumin. The anticancerogenic effects of curcumin are directly due to antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects. The underlying mechanism is still unclear, as it is estimated that the indirect effect is due to increased levels of glutathione due to hepatic detoxification of mutagens and carcinogens and the prevention of the formation of nitrosamine. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer seen in women and the prevalence in developed countries accounts for about 25.0% of the types of cancer seen in women. Breast cancer in the world is the second most important cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Surgical treatment, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy and stem cell transplantation are used in breast cancer treatment. These treatments have a significant impact on the quality of life of the patient with the cost of having expensive and serious side effects. Breast cancer is resistant to chemotherapy and alternative therapies are needed because the side effects of treatment are high. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that curcumin inhibited proliferation of the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), increased apoptosis and reduced reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels. Curcumin was also shown to inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis, leading to antiproliferative activity, decreased tumor volume and weight. High levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression were found in many tumors, including prostate, breast and over-cancer, and inhibition of FAS was shown to inhibit tumor growth. Curcumin was determined to inhibit intracellular FAS and induce apoptosis in human breast cancer. In addition to all of these, curcumin was found to reduce the toxic effects of drugs used in breast cancer treatment. As a result of the studies performed, curcumin appears to be an alternative way to prevent and treat breast cancer. However, in order to be able to use curcumin in breast cancer treatment, it is necessary to use it together with more complex technologies as well as to conduct more studies.

KEYWORDS curcumin; cancer; breast cancer Corresponding Author: NAZLI NUR ASLAN, nnaslan@ankara.edu.tr 1 ANKARA UNİVERSİTY FACULTY OF HEALTH SCİENCES, NUTRİTİON AND DİETETİCS DEPARTMENT 2 BLACK SEA TECHNİQUE UNİVERSİTY FACULTY OF HEALTH SCİENCES, NUTRİTİON AND DİETETİCS DEPARTMENT

1763

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1771

STUDIES ON PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN HERBAL EXCIPIENTS AND CARVEDILOL USING SPECTROSCOPIC AND THERMAL TECHNIQUES 1

HALE SEÇILMIŞ CANBAY , MAHMUT DOGANTÜRK

ABSTRACT Studies of drug active compound-excipient suitability represent an important phase in the preformulation stage of the development of all dosage forms. The possible physical and chemical interactions between drugs and excipients can affect the chemical nature, the stability and bioavailability of drugs and, consequently, their therapeutic efficacy and safety [1]. Drug – excipients compatibility studies lays a foundation in careful selection of most appropriate excipients and helps in designing a chemically stable and effective dosage form [2,3]. Hypertension is one of the important threat for kidney, stroke and various cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is treated by regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance [4,5]. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the compatibility of Carvedilol with various herbal excipients (cellulose, sucrose, mannitol, starch) to be used in the nanoparticle formulations utilizing the different spectroscopic and thermal techniques such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermo-Gravimetric/Differential Thermal Analyzer (TG/DTA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermograms of the drug and excipient were obtained using DSC (PE DSC 400). All the samples were placed in a pre-weighed stainless steel pan and sealed carefully with a sealer supplied by the manufacturer. The sealed pan was weighed to obtain the sample mass. Another sealed empty stainless steel pan was used as the reference. The sample was equilibrated heated from - 20 ºC to 400 ºC at a rate of 10 ºC/min Thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis measurements were made by using simultaneous TG/DTA thermal analyzer apparatus (Seiko TG/DTA 7200). The drug and drug-excipients mixtures were carefully weighted and transferred to a dynamic nitrogen atmosphere heating rate of 10 ºC/min. ZnSe-ATR equipment was used as well as KBr pellet technique. The FTIR measurements were formed on a PE Frontier spectrometer. Table 1 Peak temperature and enthalpy values of Carvedilol – herbal excipient mixtures Sample Ratio (drugexcipient) Tpeak (°C) Enthalpy(Jg–1) Carvedilol - 120.74 - 104.83 Carvedilol-Cellulose 1:1 119.31 52.63 Carvedilol-Sucrose 1:1 120.02 - 49.11 Carvedilol-Mannitol 1:1 119.31 - 49.50 CarvedilolStarch 1:1 119.41 - 65.51 There was no interaction between Carvedilol-Cellulose, Carvedilol-Sucrose, Carvedilol-Mannitol and Carvedilol-Starch. Keywords: Drug, herbal excipient, DSC, TG/DTA, FTIR References: 1- S. Sonali, B.S. Bharate, A.N. Bharate, J. Bajaj. Excipients and Food Chem (2010) 1 326. 2- P. Pandian, K . Kannan, M. Manikandan, R. Manavalan. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci (2012) 4 342347. 3. ME. Aulton. (2002). Pharmaceutics The scientific principles of dosage form design. Churchill Livingstone. 4. G. Mancia, G. De Backer, A. Dominiczak, et al. Journal of Hypertension (2007) 25 1751 1762. 5. N.F. Bras, P.A. Fernandes, M.J. Ramos. ACS Catalysis (2014) 4 2587–2597. 6. D. Corresponding Author: HALE SEÇİLMİŞ CANBAY, halecanbay@mehmetakif.edu.tr 1 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ 2 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİLTEKMER

1764

Giron, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal (1986) 4 755–770. 7. S.A. Botha, A.P. Lotter. Drug Dev Ind. Pharm (1990) 16 673–683. 8. S.Y. Lin, R.Y. Han. Pharmazie (1992) 47 266–268. 9. F. Giordanoa, G.P. Bettinetti. J Pharm Biomed Anal (1988) 6 951–955. 10. K.R. Verma1, S. Garg. J Pharm Biomed Anal (2004) 35 449–458. 11. M. Tomassetti, A. Catalani, V. Rossi, S. Vecchio. J Pharm Biomed Anal (2005) 37 949–955.

KEYWORDS Drug, herbal excipient, DSC, TG/DTA, FTIR

1765

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1772

THE EFFECT OF PHITOTHERAPY ON POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION 1

ESRA USLU , MENEKŞE NAZLI AKER

ABSTRACT Objective: Postpartum depression is a serious psychological problem that weakens the link between the mother and the baby in the postpartum period. Despite the fact that there is no clear data on the incidence of mental illness due to fear of stigmatization, it is thought that it affects 13% of mothers. For this reason, many mothers refuse psychological assistance because postpartum depression is normal or has a psychiatric history. However, many drugs are also contraindicated in the lactation process. At this point, phytotherapy may be an alternative in the management of postpartum depression. For this reason, this study aims to determine the effect of phytotherapy on postpartum depression. Methods: This is a review study which is studies through Pubmed, EBSCO Host, Ulakbim Medical Database, Turkish Medline databases. During the scanning, the words "postpartum depression" and "phytotherapy" and the Turkish equivalents of these words were used. A total of 25 articles were obtained (Pubmed n = 14, EBSCO Host n = 11, Ulakbim Medical Database n = 0, Turkish Medline n = 0). 18 of these articles were review studies and two of these articles were about aromatherapy treatments. So in total 20 of these articles were not examined. Since 2 articles out of 5 articles were the same studies, in total 3 articles were examined. One of the studies was carried out in the United States, one in Iran and one in Taiwan. We did not find any study related to the subject in our country. Results: Phytotherapy; It was the most prescribed method by nurses and midwifes in North Carolina. Nurses and midwifes also stated that they also use phytotherapy for postpartum depressed mothers. The results of two other experimental studies show that saffron is a safe complementary method to improve the depressive symptoms of postpartum depression, and chamomile tea is an additional approach to alleviate depression and sleep quality problems in postpartum period. Conclusion: The results of this review have showed the numerical insufficiency of the studies taken into consideration and a limited number of herbal products were examined. The methods used were found to be effective on postpartum depression. In this context, it is suggested that planning of descriptive studies in which the opinions of health workers and postpartum mothers on phytotherapy are determined and the current situation is also determined, randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of different plants on postpartum depression.

KEYWORDS postpartum depression, phytotherapy, nurse

Corresponding Author: MENEKŞE NAZLI AKER, menekseaker@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ AKŞEHİR KADİR YALLAGÖZ SAĞLIK YÜKSEKOKULU 2 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

1766

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1774

INVESTIGATION OF AROMA PROFILES OF CRAB APPLE (MALUS TRILOBATA V ERIOLOBUS TRILOBATUS) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES AND DRYERS 1

SELMA KAYACAN , AHMET ABDULLAH US , OSMAN SAĞDIÇ , RASIM ALPER ORAL

ABSTRACT TThe crab apple is a wild fruit which rarely grows in our country. There is a limited number of studies about crap apple in the literature. It is generally known to the region where it grows and it is used against cholesterol, shortness of breath, diabetes and blood pressure. In this study, crab apple was dried in two different temperatures, 40°C and 60°C, in the oven and vacuum dryer, and by using GCMS, effect of temperatures and dryers on the aroma compounds of dried crab apple were compared. According to the results, carvacrol, anethole and kuminaldehyde which have antioxidant effects were found as dominant aromas in crab apple. Compared to the oven and vacuum dryer, the components were found to be lower in oven drying, and the components of 60°C were found to higher than of 40°C at oven drying. When compared 40°C vacuum drying with 40 °C oven drying, carvacrol was found to about 10 times more, anethole was found about 3 times more and kuminaldehyde was found about 4 times more in in the vacuum dryer. The highest value of the all components was obtained at 40°C in the vacuum dryer. According to results; it was determined that drying temperature and type of dryer have effect on antioxidant content of crab apple.

KEYWORDS Crab apple, GC-MS, Aroma profile, Drying

Corresponding Author: SELMA KAYACAN, selmakayacan@gmail.com 1 YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KİMYA METALURJİ FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 BURSA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DOĞA BİLİMLERİ, MİMARLIK VE MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ

1767

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1777

ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE EFFECT OF A NEW SPECIES: PARACARYUM BINGOELIANUM 1

MEHMET KADIR ERDOĞAN , HAKAN AŞKIN , LÜTFI BEHÇET , İBRAHIM HALIL GEÇİBESLER

ABSTRACT The plants have been used for a long time in the treatment of many diseases. Dietary and medicinal herbs contain many natural phytochemicals such as phenolics and flavonoids, and they have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects. There is a huge interest to uncover the valuable compounds and medicinal characteristic of herbs. The genus Paracaryum (DC) Boiss. belongs to Boraginaceae family. In this study, the essential oil composition, antioxidant, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of Paracaryum bingoelianum were investigated. Paracaryum bingoelianum was collected in 2014, in Bingol, Turkey. The essential oil of P. bingoelianum was obtained by hydrodistillation method and chemical composition of plant was analyzed by HSSPME/GC-MS. The antioxidant capacity of essential oil from P. bingoelianum was determined by different in vitro assays (DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and ferric thiocyanate methods). BHA, BHT, vit.E and vit. C were used to compare the antioxidant assay results. Antiproliferative activity was examined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29). Cell death detection Elisa assay was used to detect the apoptotic effect. Thirty six compounds were totally identified, which representing 93.38% of the oil. Among them 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (17.2%), eucalyptol (9.53%) and trans-2-hexanal (8.94%) were the major compounds. At highest concentration the DPPH radical scavenving activity of essential oil (EO) was close to vit. C (vit. E > vit. C > EO). Essential oil showed lower reducing power than BHT and BHA. Ferric thiocyanate assays result was following order; BHT ≥ BHA > EO. Essential oil of P. bingoelianum reduced HT-29 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. The inhibition of viability of HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line treated with 600 µg/ml EO was 56.7%. IC50 value was determined as 473.2 µg/ml. When HT-29 cells treated with IC50 value of EO, apoptosis rate was higher 4.1 fold than untreated cells (p<0.05) The findings clearly indicate that P. bingoelianum has a lot of chemical compounds and present antioxidant, antiproliferative and apoptotic activities in different experiment systems. Further in vivo explorations are needed to illuminate this plants medicinal usage.

KEYWORDS Essential oil, antioxidant activity, Paracaryum, cell culture, apoptosis

Corresponding Author: MEHMET KADİR ERDOĞAN, mehmetkadirerdogan@gmail.com 1 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1768

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1778

EFFECT OF BRASSINOSTEROID APPLICATIONS ON SOME PLANT PARAMETERS OF JAPANESE MINT (MENTHA ARVENSIS L.) 1

YALÇIN KAYA , ŞENGÜL KARAMAN

ABSTRACT The Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.) belonging to the genus Mentha of the Lamiaceae family is an important medicinal and aromatic plant. Mentha, represented by about 18 species in the world, is spread with 7 species in our country. Menthol in the essential oil obtained from leaves of Japanese mint is economically important. It is produced to obtain menthol for commercial purposes. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of Brassinosteroids, which are defined as the new generation of plant hormones, in the Japanese mint and to obtain yielded plants in terms of desired traits. 24-Epirassinolide (EBL), the active form of brassinosteroids, was used in the study. For this purpose, 5 EBL levels (0, 10-8,10-7,10-6 ve 10-5 M), including the control, were exogenously applied to Japanese mint plants. The study was carried out under the unheated greenhouse condition of Directorate of Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute in 2016 according to the completely randomized designs with 4 replications and 10 plants in each replicate. Plant height (cm), wet-dry herb yield (gr/plant), drug leaf yield (gr/plant) and wet-dry root weights (gr / plant) were determined from the harvested plants. There was no significant effect of the applications on the fresh and dry root weights. The highest values were obtained in terms of plant height (cm) from applications of 10-6 M (59,92 cm) and 10-7 M (57,45 cm), respectively; (70,86 gr/plant), dry herb (21,79 g/plant) and drug leaf yield (12,34 g/plant) per plant were obtained from 10-6 M EBL application.

KEYWORDS Mentha arvensis, brassinosteroid, herb, mint

Corresponding Author: YALÇIN KAYA, yalcin.kaya@tarim.gov.tr 1 ATATÜRK BAHÇE KÜLTÜRLERİ MERKEZ ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ, YALOVA 2 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ, KAHRAMANMARAŞ

1769

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1782

ENCAPSULATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS 1

BÜŞRA ACOĞLU , TUĞBA ÖZDAL , PERIHAN YOLCI ÖMEROĞLU , CANAN ECE TAMER , UTKU ÇOPUR

ABSTRACT Encapsulation is a process in which a substance is coated by a wall material. Even though encapsulation has been known as a recent method, its first application was reported sixty years ago in the area of biotechnology to make production more efficient. Various encapsulation techniques has been applied in food industry including spray drying, spray chilling or spray cooling, extrusion coating, fluidized bed coating, liposome entrapment, inclusion complexation, centrifugal extrusion and rotational suspension separation. Most critical part in encapsulation is the choice of coating material. These materials include proteins, carbohydrates, natural and modified starches, fats, synthetic polymers, gelatin and pectin. Encapsulation enables easy delivery of bioactive materials including antioxidants, minerals, vitamins, and phytosterols. It also increases the stability of bioactive materials during food processing and storage, prevents oxidation, increases bioactivity of bioactive compounds and controls their interactions with food. Encapsulation increases the shelf life, storage capability, nutrient value and digestion of bioactive compounds. Moreover, encapsulation enables efficient utilization of polyphenols by suppressing unpleasant taste of its free compounds and also increases the aroma quality of essential oils extracted from plant materials. This review focuses on new technologies on encapsulation, comparison of advantages and disadvantages of encapsulation methods, the benefits of encapsulation technology in bioactive compound industry and summarizes the recent research studies on encapsulation of bioactive compounds.

KEYWORDS encapsulation, spray drying, bioactive compounds

Corresponding Author: PERİHAN YOLCİ ÖMEROĞLU, pyomeroglu@uludag.edu.tr 1 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF AGRİCULTURE, ULUDAG UNİVERSİTY, NİLUFER, 16059, BURSA 2 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGİNEERİNG, FACULTY OF ENGİNEERİNG, OKAN UNİVERSİTY, AKFİRAT-TUZLA

1770

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1785

THE EFFECT OF GARLIC ON TREATMENT OF VAGINAL CANDIDA 1

MENEKŞE NAZLI AKER , NESLIHAN YILMAZ SEZER

ABSTRACT Candida vaginosis is one of the most common infections of the female genital tract. At least 75% of women live with candida infection at least once in their life. There is a need to use broad spectrum antifungal drugs in the treatment of fungal infections. However, most of the commonly used antifungal drugs have limited use due to toxicity, dangerous drug interactions and side effects such as liver damage and heart failure. In the past decade, a rare antifungal drug resistance has emerged in the past. This situation, necessitated the use of non-drug methods. One of these methods is garlic. This review, aims to reveal the efficacy of garlic in the treatment of vaginal Candida. The results of the studies carried out in this regard, are listed below. Adejare et al. (2012), collected swab samples from patients with vaginal candidiasis. They tested Garcinia kola, garlic (Alliums sativum), fluconazole and miconazole on the isolates. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts’ minimum inhibitory concentration for Candida albicans, were 200 mg/ml. They reported that the garlic used as herbal product has inhibitory effects such as antifungal agents. But this effect, has been achieved in the case of high concentration used. Elsom et al. (2003), used several commercial preparations of garlic, which included oil macerates, pastes, tablets and powders, to examine for their anticandidal activity on Candida albicans laboratory strain. Only the garlic tablet formulation exhibited good anticandidal activity, whereas all the other preparations possessed virtually no anticandidal properties. Iwalokun et al. (2004), selected Candida species recovered from vaginal swabs, urine, and blood samples for their study. They investigated the antifungal activities of an aqueous garlic extract. Minimum fungicidal concentration was found to be 14.9 at 24 hours. Study, supports the use of garlic in health products. Ekanola et al. (2014), tested eighteen antifungal drugs, crude extracts of garlic and some plants/ chemicals, for in vitro inhibitory potentials on Candida strains obtained from human oral, high vaginal and endocervical swabs. Garlic, were inhibitory against 33.3-54.4% of the Candida strains. They also reported significant in vitro inhibitory potentials of garlic on drug susceptible and resistant Candida species. Kordi et al. (2005), tested garlic extract vaginal douche and clotrimazol vaginal cream on symptomatic women in their randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Women were treated daily for 7 days and assessed 1-2 week after the end of treatment. They reported statistically non-significant difference between clinical results after treatment in both groups. Mycologic results of garlic extract vaginal douche, were good but there was a significant difference between groups. Watson et al. (2013), in their randomised double-blinded controlled study, used oral garlic tablets for vaginal candida during the second half of the menstrual cycle on asymptomatic women colonised with Candida species. They gave three garlic tablets or placebo orally, twice daily, for 14 days. As a result there was no difference between the proportion of cases in the garlic and placebo groups, in the mean colony counts in both groups. Farshbaf-Khalili et al. (2016); used garlic, Zataria multiflora boiss and clotrimazole vaginal cream on women with candidal vaginitis, in their randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. The patients used creams daily, for 7 days. In culture results, there were not significant differences between Corresponding Author: MENEKŞE NAZLI AKER, menekseaker@gmail.com 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

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groups on days 7 and 30 after treatment. The result of the study shows that the mean scores of candidal symptoms, significantly reduced after treatment in all groups on days 7 and 30. The results of these studies show that the garlic is effective on Candida. However, it is recommended to perform randomized controlled trials in which the effect of garlic is assessed for using on patients.

KEYWORDS vaginal candida, garlic, herbal treatment

1772

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1786

BIOLOGY OF STACHYS KURDICA VAR. KURDICA 1

A. SELÇUK ERTEKİN , FATIH MEHMET KILINÇ , AHMET ONAY , REMZI EKİNCİ , MEDET KORKUNÇ , ZIYA 2 DUMLUPINAR

ABSTRACT Stachys L. (Deliçay) A sub-cosmopolitan broad ciner of the family Ballibagiller (Lamiaceae / Labiatae). It has about 370 species in the world. Stachys is represented in Turkey with 92 species and 116 taxa (subtype and varietal level). Of these taxa, 53 are about 46% endemic. Stachys kurdica Boiss. & Hohen. there is. Kurdica (Kara deliçay) Turkey (Hakkari and Dicle Departments) and in Iraq is a rare plant that grows. There is S. kurdica in this study. The detailed morphological characteristics of kurdica were tried to be determined, the relation between nearby taxa was discussed and the taxonomic condition was observed. Examples of the material of the workshop were collected from the Southeastern Anatolia Region, which was gathered from the land in 2013-2014. In addition, some of the Stachys examples in the G, HAL, JE, K, W, and WU virtual herbariums were exploited. There is S. kurdica. Cystic to basal and glabrous and serrate-crenate, sometimes the entire leaves and verticillas are mostly congested in a terminal head and are distinctly different from other nearby taxa, These morphological features were compared with those of other investigators and the status of the two varieties of S. kurdica grown in Turkey was preserved.

KEYWORDS Stachys kurdica var, Morphological characteristic,Taxonomic status

Corresponding Author: FATİH MEHMET KILINÇ, fmehmet206@gmail.com 1 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ

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Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1788

FUNCTIONAL FOOD: DANDELION (TARAXACUM OFFICINALE L.) 1

MURAT KARAAĞAÇ , SUZAN YALÇIN , S. SONGÜL YALÇIN

ABSTRACT Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) is a family of Asteraceae. It can be found in many places especially in lawns and on roadsides. Dandelion is also considered to be a weed. However it can be used as a medical herb and food. Leaves, flower and root of dandelion can be used. It contains flavonoids including luteolin, apigenin, isoquercitrin, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. It also contains terpenoids, triterpenes and sesquiterpenes. It is a rich source of beta carotene, carotenoids, xanthophylls, chlorophyll, vitamin C, vitamin D, many of the B complex vitamins, choline, iron, magnesium, sodium, zinc, manganese, copper, phosphorıs, and potassium. Roots contain torexacin, retinol, levulin and inulin. Due to having bioactive compounds dandelion has properties of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities. Dandelion inulin is used as prebiotics in medicine. Dandelion reduced the extent of atherosclerosis by reducing oxidative stress and serum total cholesterol, triglcerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and raising serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol. It enhanced effectively delayed the lowering of glucose in the blood and prevented the increase in lactate and triglceride concentrations. β-sitosterol and stigmasterol in dandelion sterols have been identified as good inflammatory inhibitors. Therefore dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) is considered as an important functional food due to their bioactive compounds.

KEYWORDS Dandelion, Taraxacum officinale L., Functional food, Bioactive compounds

Corresponding Author: SUZAN YALÇIN, syalcin@selcuk.edu.tr 1 SELÇUK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF VETERİNARY MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF FOOD HYGİENE AND TECHNOLOGY, KONYA, TURKEY 2 HACETTEPE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF MEDİCİNE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDİATRİCS, ANKARA, TURKEY

1774

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1789

ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS EXTRACTED FROM AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL HERBS 1

TE D

ŞEHRIBAN UĞUZ , SEVAL ANDIÇ

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Essential oils (EOs), called ethereal or volatile oils, are complex mixtures of low molecular weight compounds extracted from plants by steam distillation and extraction with various solvents. Terpenoid hydrocarbons, oxygenated terpenes and sesquiterpenes are the major constituents that provide characteristic aroma and biological properties to EOs. These aromatic oily liquids obtained from plant flowers, buds, seeds, leaves, twigs, bark, herbs, wood, fruits and roots. Even in old times, traditional systems of medicine prescribed EOs for a variety of health problems and used them for the purpose of food preservation, all over the world. Some EOs have antimicrobial properties such as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral. Besides these properties, EOs or their components also have antimycotic, antitoxigenic, anticancer, antimutagenic, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, antiprotozoal, antiparasitic and insecticidal effects. These characteristics (the composition of essential oils and their antimicrobial effects) depend on the function of these compounds in plants, plant species and regional conditions. Antimicrobial activity of several spices and essential oils has demonstrated on Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella dysenteria, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus at levels between 0.2 and 10 µl ml-1. Gram-negative organisms are slightly less susceptible than gram-positive bacteria. Also clove, pimento, cinnamon, thyme, oregano, garlic and onion were particularly inhibitory for some food-spoilage microorganisms.

Essential oil, volatile oil, antimicrobial effect, terpenoid.

Corresponding Author: ŞEHRİBAN UĞUZ, sehribanuguz@yyu.edu.tr 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1775

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1790

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SPRAY DRIED SUMAC EXTRACT POWDER ON ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 AND SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM 1

GÜLŞAH ÇALIŞKAN KOÇ , GÜLTEN TIRYAKI GÜNDÜZ , SAFIYE NUR DIRIM

ABSTRACT Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is used in Mediterranean and Middle East regions as a spice, sauce, flavoring agent etc. Several studies demonstrate that sumac berries have the biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activities due to their flavone, tannin, anthocyanin and organic acid contents. The aims of this study is are; to determine the antimicrobial activity of a spray dried sumac extract powders (SDSEP) on E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium in vitro conditions and to determine effect of pH and temperature on the antimicrobial activity of selected SDSEP. For this reason, a pilot scale spray dryer (Mobile Minor Miro-Atomizer, Denmark) was used for the production of the sumac extract powder. The inlet/outlet air temperatures were adjusted to 160/80, 180/90, and 200/100◦C where the outlet air temperature was controlled by regulating the feed flow rate. The sumac berries were washed, drained, and ground with a blender and then mixed with water (with ratio of 1:4) for 2 h at room temperature. Then the extract was filtered with crude filter paper to obtain the sumac extract (SE). The total soluble solid content of the SE was measured to be as 3.5% and adjusted to 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w) with the addition of maltodextrin (MD) with a Dextrose Equivalence (DE) of 10–12. The atomization pressure and the air flow rate were kept constant as 392 kPa and 1.54 m3/min respectively. The obtained powders were analyzed for moisture content, water activity, pH, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In order to determine the effect of pH and temperature on the antimicrobial activity of SDSEP, the sumac extract powder (5%) which was produced at 160/80 °C was selected. The pH value of sumac extract powder (3.1) was adjusted to 6.5 – 6.8 with the addition of NaOH and the inoculated samples were incubated at three different temperatures (4 °C for 7 days, 22 °C for 48 hours, and 37 °C for 24 hours). Increasing the amount of MD and inlet/outlet temperatures showed a significant effect on the moisture content and water activity of the sumac extract powders (P < 0.05). The moisture content, water activity and pH values of SDSEP were ranged between 1.89-2.94 % (wet basis, wb), 0.157- 0.215, and 3.13–3.23, respectively. Increasing the amount of MD caused a significant increase in both MBCs and MICs of SDSEP (P < 0.05). The inlet/outlet temperatures were not found to be significantly important on the MBCs and MICs of SDSEP (P > 0.05). The MBCs and MICs of SDSEP ranged between 25.0 – 50.0 and 6.25 - 25.0 (mg/ml) against the E. coli O157:H7 and 12.5 – 50.0 and 3.12-12.5 (mg/ml) against the S. Typhimurium. E. coli O157:H7 was found to be more resistant compared to S. Typhimurium. The increase of pH value of SDSEP resulted in a significant decrease in the antimicrobial activity of SDSEP (P < 0.05). Results obtained in this study suggest that the addition of spray dried sumac powder have the potential to improve the safety of foods such as salads and meat products which could be a source of tested pathogens. Corresponding Author: GÜLŞAH ÇALIŞKAN KOÇ, gulsah.caliskan@ege.edu.tr 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1776

KEYWORDS Sumac Extract, Sumac Extract Powder, Spray Drying, Antimicrobial Activity

1777

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1791

INFANTS OF PARENTS OF INFANTS WITH COLIC DISORDER AND THEIR OWN HERBAL PRODUCTS 1

DOÇ. DR. EMİNE GEÇKİL , ARŞ. GÖR. MURADİYE ALDEM

ABSTRACT Colic during babyhood is defined to be the uneasiness and crying jags that last more than three weeks, more than three days a week and more than three hours a day. The studies indicate that the frequency of babyhood colic varies between 5%-%25. Usually, colic tends to start in the second or third weeks after birth, peak in the sixth or eighth weeks and end in the third or fourth months. The crying jags usually start in the afternoon or in the evening and last for several hours with continuous and loud crying. Sometimes babies also cry at night. The baby colic may arise from nutrition mistakes, food allergy, lactose intolerance and gastrointestinal causes including reflux. On the other hand, baby colic may arise from extra intestinal causes including neurodevelopmental or psychological factors. Whatever the cause, baby colic is a condition that causes babies to cry and creates physiological and psychological problems in babies and parents. Parents adopt various methods to silence colicky babies including holding, shaking, car riding, giving a bath, warm and hot applications to stomach, massaging, rhythmic voices or use of the vacuum cleaner voice etc. Other than these methods, parents of colicky babies use various herbal products to reduce the colic of their babies. The herbal products used to reduce the baby colic are generally consumed orally by the baby and the mother. There are also various oils applied on the stomach or perianal area by the parents. Herbal Products Given Orally to Colic Babies It is reported that the herbal teas used for babies relax the bowel smooth muscles and palliate the baby colic (Zengin, Çınar, Altınkaynak 2016). The studies made with fennel, melissa, licorice root, camomile tea and common vervain revealed that these teas were more effective than placebo (Akçam, 2004; Karabayır and Oğuz 2009; Zengin, Çınar, Altınkaynak 2016; Arıkan, Alp, Gözüm, Orbak, Karaca Çiftçi, 2008). Herbal Products Given Orally or Prohibited to the Mother of the Colic Baby Breastfeeding mothers are recommended to consume a diet without egg, hazelnut, peanut, cracked wheat, legume, cabbage, radish and spicy food (Zengin, Çınar, Altınkaynak 2016). Examples of herbal products recommended to mothers include herbs like aniseed and dill which include volatile oils and anethol. Mothers are recommended to use three to four drops three times a day from the mixture of herbal and natural oils such as fennel oil, sunflower oil, sweet almond oil, aniseed oil, sesame oil, cumin and dill. Herbal Products That Are Externally Applied to Colicky Baby Massaging to stomach area with fennel oil was found to be effective in eliminating the gas pains. Giving baby a bath with the water added with lavender or lemon essential oil and massage with catmint tincture are recommended to eliminate the colic (Akçam, 2004).

KEYWORDS Colic, baby, medicinal plant

Corresponding Author: ARŞ. GÖR. MURADİYE ALDEM, ikra42reyhan@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1778

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1792

A RAPID METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CURCUMIN IN FOOD SAMPLES 1

MEHMET ÖZTÜRK , ERHAN KAPLANER , MEHMET HÜSEYİN SİNGEÇ , ADEM TURAN

ABSTRACT Curcumin which has a wide area of usage, a yellow colored pigment and the major component of Turmeric plant. Beside of being a strong anticancer agent, it has been reported to possess important biological activities like anti-inflammatory.1,2. It becomes essential to find a rapid method for the determination of curcumin because it has a great importance for human health as well as for the food industry. In this study, curcumin was extracted from turmeric plant via soxhlet with extraction yield of 5.9%. Later we tried to create a metal complex of curcumin to make it easier to analyze curcumin in a food matrix. After selecting appropriate metals to give a stable complex with curcumin, UV spectrums were recorded while metal concentration was kept at 0.1 M with varying curcumin concentrations. According to results, it was observed that Zr2+-curcumin complex red-shifted the maximum absorption wavelength. Validation and recovery studies were also performed. The performance of the method was measured for yogurt sample and 97.9% recovery was yielded. Acknowledgements: This study is supported by the Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University Research Fund with the project number 15/213. Kaynaklar (1) Péret-Almeida, L.; Cherubino, A. P. F.; Alves, R. J.; Dufossé, L.; Glória, M. B. A. Separation and determination of the physico-chemical characteristics of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Food Res. Int. 2005, 38 (8–9), 1039–1044. (2) Zhang, J.; Jinnai, S.; Ikeda, R.; Wada, M.; Hayashida, S.; Nakashima, K. A simple HPLC-fluorescence method for quantitation of curcuminoids and its application to turmeric products. Anal. Sci. 2009, 25 (3), 385–388.

KEYWORDS Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Curcumin, metod validation

Corresponding Author: MEHMET ÖZTÜRK, mehmetozturk@mu.edu.tr 1 MUGLA SİTKİ KOCMAN UNİVERSİTY 2 YEĞENLER KİMYA, KÜÇÜKÇEKMECE, İSTANBUL

1779

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1794

EFFECTS OF AROMATHERAPY ON DYSMENORRHEA 1

NESLİHAN YILMAZ SEZER , MENEKŞE NAZLI AKER

ABSTRACT Dysmenorrhea is excessive pain experienced during menstruation. Classically there are two types: primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. The main symptom of dysmenorrhea is pain concentrated in the lower abdomen or pelvis. It may radiate to the thighs and lower back. Symptoms often co-occurring with menstrual pain include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, headache, disorientation, hypersensitivity to sound, light, smell and touch, fainting and fatigue. Dysmenorrhoea is the most common gynecological complaint that occurs in women and daily life activities, business efficiency. For this reason, treatment is important. Therapy on dysmenorrhea is multifaceted and depends on the severity of the pain and the response the patient gives to the pain. It is possible to use pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods in treatment. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and hormonal birth control can be used in pharmacologic treatment. In nonpharmacologic methods, local hot application, good nutrition, regular exercise, regular and adequate sleep, acupuncture, acupressure, herbal therapies and aromatherapy can be used. Aromatherapy is the use of high concentrations of essential oils and odors distilled from plants to use their therapeutic properties. Aromatic essential oils are used by way of inhalation, compression, and massage. Studies have shown that aromatherapy is applied more by massage in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. At the same time, there are studies on inhalation. Massage is mostly applied to the lower abdomen and most of the lavender and rose oil are used. Apart from these, essential oils used in massage are cinnamon, clove, rose, and lavender, clary sage, marjoram, ginger, and geranium. Lavender and rose oil alone are used in base oils, while other essential oils are often used as a mixture. The most preferred base oils are sesame and almond oil. In a study with 80 primary dysmenorrhea student, Bakhtshirin et al. (2015) a significant decrease in VAS score after lavender massage was detected in comparison with placebo massage. A randomized controlled trial Shahr et. al. (2015), subjects were randomly divided into three groups: massage group with rose oil, who applied selfmassage with Rose damascene; a placebo group who performed self-massage with unscented almond oil and a no treatment control group who applied just self-massage. In the second cycle, the menstrual pain was significantly lower in the rose oil group than in the other two groups after intervention. Hur et. al. (2011) investigated the alleviating effects of aromatherapy massage and acetaminophen on menstrual pain in Korean high school girls. The cases were divided into two groups: the aromatherapy massage group and the acetaminophen group. The abdomen was massaged once using clary sage, marjoram, cinnamon, ginger, and geranium in a base of almond oil. The reduction of menstrual pain was significantly higher in the aromatherapy group than in the acetaminophen group. In the use of aromatherapy by inhalation, rose oil and lavender are found. Uysal et all (2016) evaluate the effects of rose essential oil on primary dysmenorrhea. One hundred patients were randomly divided into two groups; Group D received diclofenac sodium (75 mg/im) and Group A administered diclofenac sodium with aromatherapy (2% rose essential oil). The 30th min mean VAS value in Group D was Corresponding Author: NESLİHAN YILMAZ SEZER, ylmzneslihan@hotmail.com 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ

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higher than in Group A. A randomized clinical trial Raisi Dehkordi et.al. (2014) subjects were randomized into two groups: experimental who inhaled lavender based on sesame oil, and placebo who inhaled sesame oil only. The symptoms of dysmenorrhea were significantly lowered in the lavender group compared to the placebo group. Studies have shown that aromatherapy was effective in alleviating dysmenorrhea symptoms. Aromatherapy can be provided as a nonpharmacological pain relief measure and as a part of nursing care given to girls suffering from dysmenorrhea.

KEYWORDS Dysmenorrhea, aromatherapy, aromatic essential oil

1781

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1795

PEST SPECIES DETERMINED ON ANATOLIAN SAGE, SALVIA FRUTICOSA MILL. (LAMIACEAE) N. ZÜLAL ELEKCİOĞLU

ABSTRACT Among the sage species that grow in Turkey, the most commonly collected one which is used both for domestic consumption and exportation is the Anatolian sage, Salvia fruticosa Mill, (Lamiaceae), This study was carried out in order to determine the pest species in S. fruticosa cultivated in the research and application parcel of Ç.Ü. Karaisalı Vocational School (Karaisalı / Adana), Plant and Animal Production Department in 2015-2016. As a result, pest species belonging to 3 classes (Gastropoda, Insecta, Arachnida), 8 orders and 16 families were determined. It has been determined that species belonging to the family Cicadellidae (Hemiptera) are the most common species and cause staining, curling and deformation by damaging the leaves. Since this situation will lead to loss of yield, and because it is thought that they have adverse effects on the active compounds in the parts used as drugs, it was concluded that they were the important species to focus on.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plant, aromatic plant, Salvia fruticosa, Cicadellidae

Corresponding Author: N. ZÜLAL ELEKCİOĞLU, nelekcioglu@cu.edu.tr 1 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KARAİSALI MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU

1782

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1796

DETERMINATION OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES OF SATUREJA BOISSIERI EXTRACTS AGAINST PC3 (HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER) CELLS 1

MUHAMMED ALTUN , ALI RIZA TÜFEKÇI , İBRAHIM DEMIRTAŞ , LÜTFI BEHÇET

ABSTRACT Cancer is one of the major diseases in today's world. According to the World Health Organization, if no precautions are taken against cancer, 26 million people worldwide will have cancer until 2030. Plants synthesize many primary and secondary metabolites called organic compounds. Primary metabolites take part in important events such as photosynthesis, respiration, growth and development. Secondary metabolites are chemotaxonomically important natural products studied widely in last decades. Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss. (Lamiaceae) is known as Catli/Kekik in Turkey. The aim of this study is to extract the active components from the of Satureja boissieri and to investigate the anticancer effects of these components against PC3 (human prostate cancer cell) cell lines.

KEYWORDS Satureja boissieri, anticancer activity, PC3, extraction

Corresponding Author: MUHAMMED ALTUN, muhammedaltun@karatekin.edu.tr 1 ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN FAKÜLTESİ, KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ, ÇANKIRI 2 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ, BİNGÖL

1783

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1798

SUPERCRTICAL CO2 EXTRACTION OF CARDAMOM OIL AND DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS OF CARDAMOM OIL BY USING GC-MS SYSYTEM 1

TE D

ÜMIT ALTUNTAŞ , CEREN DAŞKAYA DIKMEN , EVREN DEMIRCAN , KADRIYE NUR KASAPOĞLU , BERAAT 1 ÖZÇELIK

ABSTRACT

Cardamom is the dried fruit of the tall perennial herbaceous plant, Elettaria Cardamomum Maton and it is also known as ‘Kakule’ in Turkey. It is a member of the ginger family, and features a spicy, refreshing aroma that can be uplifting. The cardamom seeds have a warm, slightly pungent and highly aromatic flavor. Therefore, it is used as a spice in some meat products. In Turkey, consumption of coffee containing cardamom seed is common in southeast regions. The basic cardamom aroma produced by a combination of the major components, 1,8-cineole and α-terpinyl acetate. Cardamom is also popular because of its profound effects on the respiratory system due to its high 1, 8-cineole content, which promotes clear breathing and respiratory health. The chemical composition of cardamom varies considerably with variety, region and age of the product. Cardamom essential oil conventionally produced by steam distillation from the seeds after they have undergone a long drying process to get the best levels of chemical constituents possible. The content of volatile oil in the seeds is strongly depending on storage conditions, but may be as high as 8%. This study was carried out to extract Cardamom volatile oil and determine its volatile compounds by using GC-MS system. Cardamom seeds were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method. Then GCMS analysis was performed for determination of volatile compounds of Cardamom oil. According to data obtained from GC-MS, the major volatile compounds of Cardamom oil were 1.8 cineole, sabinene, αpienene and α-terpynenil-acetate. The volatile oil contains about 1.52% α-thujene, 10.27% α-pinene, 1.65% β-pinene, 18.86% sabinene, 4.22% β-myrcene, 1.11% p-cymene, 46.8% 1,8-cineole, 2.96% linalool, 0.48% terpinen-4-o1, 0.73% α-terpineol, 2.98% linalyl acetate, 7.31% α-terpinenyl acetate, 0.55% trans-sabinene hydrate and 0.63% trans-sabinene hydrate acetate.

KEYWORDS

cardamom oil, volatile compounds, supercritic CO2 extraction

Corresponding Author: ÜMİT ALTUNTAŞ, ualtuntas@itu.edu.tr 1 İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1784

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1799

RESEARCH ON THE POSSİBİLİTY OF LAVANDER CULTİVATİON İN THE CİTY OF DİYARBAKIR 1

MEDET KORKUNÇ , REMZİ EKİNCİ , FATİH MEHMET KILINÇ , AHMET ONAY , ADEM BARDAK

ABSTRACT The city of Diyarbakır lies in the Southeast Anatolia region. It is divided into different subclimatic regions by its climate, topographic structure and soil structure. This situation causes differences in flora and fauna structure in the city and helps it to have a richer structure. Lavender, which can grow up within the city border in our city Diyarbakır, is a plant of perfumery, cosmetics and medicine that is cultivated around the world because of its high ratio and high quality evaporating oil. The aim of our research is to identify this endemic plant that exists or can exist in the flora and to put forth the medical and aromatic properties of different kinds of this plant that is grown up. The highly growing interest in lavender farming in recent years increased the importance of scientific research done on advanced cultivation methods of this plant and many improvements have been performed. Especially, in the species that have a problem in replication with seeding, research in micro replications with tissue cultures has gained a lot of value. If the types of dry farming plant lavender, which has adapted extremely well to Diyarbakır region’s nonirrigated, arid and inclined fields, producing evaporating oil that can be marketed worldwide can be identified and after that if these identified types’ seedlings could be quickly replicated and distributed to producers, lavender will be a huge gain for both Diyarbakır and Turkish economy. In Turkey, lavender cultivation has been done traditionally for 40 years in a few cities to produce evaporating oil. Research since the end of March 2017 has been performed with the aim of bringing forth new types of lavender and lavandin that possesses high flower efficiency and evaporating oil quality for the region and that have high adaptation abilities; researching possibilities of replication with steel in in vivo conditions; realizing numerous healthy seedling production by in vitro micro replication using tissue culture techniques. In the research, ‘Raya’, ‘Munsted’, ‘Silver’ and ‘Vera’ types belonging to Lavandula Angustifolia species are being planned as a material to be replicated with rooting in farm and greenhouse trials. We will be working towards the replication of the seeds of types that will naturally be raised in our city’s flora by taking them into culture for intense production and towards the identification of medical and aromatic properties (fenolics and flavonoids), contents of evaporating and nonevaporating fatty acids and terpenoids. In this respect, trial productions of lavender cultivation will be performed. As a result of the aim of this research; since lavender farming is done economically in only a few cities, bringing forth lavender and lavandin types that have high flower efficiency and high evaporating oil quality (having high ratios of acetate and low ratios of camphor) for the region and that have high adapatation ability; identifying these types’ farming and technological properties; researching the replication with in vivo steel possibilities of lavender types that has limited or sometimes no production possibility with seeding; and realizing the production of numerous healthy seedlings by in vitro micro replications from ripe lavender plants by making use of tissue culture techniques. Corresponding Author: MEDET KORKUNÇ, medet.korkun@dicle.edu.tr 1 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1785

KEYWORDS Lavender, medical and aromatic plants

1786

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1800

INVESTIGATION OF PREPARING A PROPOLIS CREAM WITH OLIVE OIL 1

SELAHATTIN SERİN , MUSTAFA KEMAL SANGÜN , GÜRAY KILINÇÇEKER

ABSTRACT Propolis is a resinous material collected by honeybees from the flowers and trees [1]. Propolis is characterized by a series of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiinflammatory and antioxidant [1]. The applications are showed that propolis extracts are used to prevent and treat oral inflammations, cold syndrome and dermatological preparations [3]. The chemical composition of propolis is known to be very complex and influenced by the geographic origin [3]. In propolis active compounds are polyphenols, including phenolic acids and flavonoids [2,3]. Raw propolis cannot be used because of its useless materials, therefore it must be purified by solvent extraction to remove that unwanted materials and preserve the active polyphenolic fraction [2,3]. The extraction techniques used for the chemical analysis of raw propolis at room temperature is heat reflux extraction have been widely applied [2,4]. In this study, raw propolis is collected from the beekeeper from Pozantı plateau district. Before extraction raw propolis chunks into smaller pieces and stored in freezer for 1-2 days until it is hard. Then it is grinded to a powder. For the extraction, 5 grams of propolis powder in 100mL ethylalcohol (70%) is subjected 30min ultrasound-assisted extraction. It is filtered and evaporated under vacuum at 50̊C. The extract is mixed with olive oil and some additives such as glycerin, thickening agent and emulsifier. The formulation of the cream and analysis detailed for creating a cream mark. References: [1] J.M. Sforcin, V. Bankova, Propolis: is there a potential for the development of new drugs? J. Ethnopharmacol. 133 (2011) 253–260. [2] A.M. Gómez-Caravaca, M. Gómez-Romero, D. Arráez-Román, A. Segura-Carretero, A. FernándezGutiérrez, Advances in the analysis of phenolic compounds in products derived from bees, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 41 (2006) 1220–1234. [3] Y. Xu, L. Luo, B. Chen, Y. Fu, Recent developments of chemical components in propolis, Front. Biol. China 4 (2009) 385–391. [4] F. Pellati, G. Orlandini, D. Pinetti, S. Benvenuti, HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS methods for metabolite profiling of propolis extracts, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 55 (2011) 934–948.

KEYWORDS Propolis, olive oil, ultrasound-assisted extraction, cream

Corresponding Author: MUSTAFA KEMAL SANGÜN, ksangun@gmail.com 1 ÇUKUROVA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE&ARTS, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT, 01110, ADANA 2 MUSTAFA KEMAL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE&ARTS, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT, 31024, HATAY

1787

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1801

THE ETHNOBOTANICAL FEATURES OF STRATONIKEIA ANCIENT CITY PLANTS 1

YASEMIN AKKAVAK , UYGAR SARPKAYA , OLCAY DÜŞEN

ABSTRACT In this study, the ethnobotanical properties of plants species distributed in Stratonikeia ancient city and its vicinity (Eskihisar village in Muğla)' between 2010-2012. A total of 318 plant taxon were evaluated their ethnobotanical properties. Two taxon are belongs to Gymnospermae and 316 of them belongs to Angiospermae. 265 species of belongs to Dicotyledonopsida and 51 species of monocotyledonopsida. The ethnobotanical usages of these plants, local names, used parts, etc. were reported. In generally, we observed these plants are used for traditional medicine, food, handcrafts, fuel, beliefs.

KEYWORDS Ethnobotany, Stratonikeia Ancient City Muğla

Corresponding Author: YASEMİN AKKAVAK, yasemin0331@gmail.com 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ

1788

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1803

DETERMINATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN CHESTNUT POLLEN AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT ON DNA OXIDATION SYSTEM 1

BÜŞRA KARKAR , EFTAL ALP DORKEN , SALIHA ŞAHIN , M.ERTAN GÜNEŞ

ABSTRACT Bee-pollen has long been used as a dietary supplement and also as an additive in cosmetics, food and medicine. It is composed of nutritionally essential substances such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, mineral substances and trace elements. Also pollen has been a rich source of flavonoid glycosides, which contains beneficial antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergen, antiulcer, antibiotic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Bee pollen is used to cure conditions such as colds, flu, ulcers, premature aging, anemia, colitis, allergic reactions and enteritis. It is also is also used in the field of cosmetics for its contribution of vitamins to cold creams. Pollen is known to be supportive in the treatment of cancer. Antioxidant compounds can increase product shelf life by retarding the process of lipid peroxidation, which is one of the major reasons for deterioration of foods during processing and storage. Phytochemicals, such as phenolic compounds, are considered beneficial for human health because they decrease the risk of degenerative diseases by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting macromolecular oxidation such as DNA. They have been shown to possess free radical scavenging and metal chelating activity in addition to their anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of this study was to determine antioxidant phenolic compounds in chestnut pollen and its antioxidant effect on DNA oxidation system. The chestnut pollen was extracted with organic solvent such as ethanol. The phenolic compounds in ethanolic extract of chestnut pollen were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD). Syringic acid, hyperoside, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, pinocembrin, chrysin and galangin were detected in chestnut pollen. And also the antioxidant property of pollen extract was evaluated according to FolinCiocalteu and a chromium reducing antioxidant capacity (CHROMAC) methods. The CHROMAC is a novel method as a spectrophotometric total antioxidant capacity assay based on the reaction of excessive Cr(VI) with phenolic compounds and formation of coloured complex with remaining Cr(VI) and diphenylcarbazide as described by our previous study. Antioxidant ability of chetsnut pollen was examined to investigate the prevention of oxidation of calf thymus DNA in Fenton reaction medium. It was understood that the chestnut pollen prevented DNA oxidation damage of 10% under oxidative environment. Consequently, the extract of chestnut pollen showed a significant antioxidant activity for the examination of DNA damage prevention.

KEYWORDS chesnut pollen, DNA oxidation, Fenton, HPLC, CHROMAC Corresponding Author: SALİHA ŞAHİN, salihabilgi@uludag.edu.tr 1 UNİVERSİTY OF ULUDAG, FACULTY OF SCİENCE AND ARTS, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMİSTRY 2 UNİVERSİTY OF ULUDAG, VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF TECHNİCAL SCİENCES

1789

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1804

BLACK TEA WASTE NOT MUCH DIFFERENT FROM BLACK TEA 1

MURAT KÜÇÜK , OZAN EMRE EYUPOĞLU , AYÇA AKTAŞ KARAÇELIK , SEMRA ALKAN TÜRKUÇAR , UĞUR 3 KARDIL

ABSTRACT The black tea is produced from the leaves of Camelia sinensis plant. The waste of the production process is discarded without any proper use. Black tea and black tea waste were studied in order to determine similarity or difference both in composition and antioxidant activities. Three widely used spectrophotometric antioxidant assays revealed that black tea waste retains much of the activity of black tea, with 39% of DPPH• scavenging activity, 76% of FRAP activity, and 84% of total phenolics content. On-line RP-HPLC-DAD-FRAP composition and antioxidant analyses showed that black tea waste has very similar compositional and antioxidant profile with black tea, the waste having more than 60% of the components of black tea. The chromatograms illustrate the mainly overlapping peaks in black tea and waste samples, and the FRAP chromatogram was same in the two samples. Inactive caffeine and highly active antioxidant gallic acid were the two major components in both tea and tea waste. Thus, besides its use as a source of caffeine and catechins, black tea waste can well be used for tea preparation, probably in tea bag form or as extract.

KEYWORDS black tea, tea waste, on-line HPLC-FRAP, DPPH, total phenolics

Corresponding Author: MURAT KÜÇÜK, mkucuk@ktu.edu.tr 1 KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1790

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1805

PRODUCTION OF FOOD COLORING FROM SAFFRON AND SAFFLOWER 1

OSMAN SAĞDIÇ , YÜKSEL BAYRAM

ABSTRACT Color materials are widely used in the food industry because they are a very important feature that determines the preference of food. In recent years, the adverse effects of some synthetic food colors on health have increased and in some countries, the prohibition of these colors has led to an increment in the tendency towards natural resources and studies on the use of the colors obtained from these sources have become increasingly important. In this study, the characteristics of saffron and safflower to be used for natural food dyeing will be emphasized. Saffron (Crocus sativus) is an onion culture plant of the family of Iridaceae that grows 20-30 cm in length, with purple flowers opening in the autumn. The flower harvest starts from October to the middle of November. In the world, saffron is mostly grown in Spain, France, Italy and Iran. While the production of saffron in Turkey is only done in Safranbolu province of Karabük until now, trial production has also started in Tokat, Kastamonu, Denizli and Şanlıurfa. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is a grassy herbaceous Carthamus family from the Asteraceae family. There are types that are one or two years old. Safflower, which can reach 60 to 70 cm in length, opens yellow, red and orange flowers according to cesidium in JulySeptember. The main land of this plant is Arabia. Safflower, which does not grow all over our country, is usually grown in Trakya, Isparta, Burdur and Eskişehir regions. Saffron traditionally has been used for many years as an alternative to traditional culinary arts because of its positive effects on the health and the kitchen, mostly as a color, aroma and flavoring spice. Therefore, many studies have been carried out on the bioactive properties of this flower. Antioxidant, antitumor, antidepressant, appetite regulator, enhances learning capacity and improves memory. Safflower is a plant with a very important place in the industry. It is preferred as dye material in food, cosmetics and textile products because of the dye giving feature of the flower petals. Safflower can be used for medicinal purposes in the treatment of certain diseases and also as tea. Saffron has important bioactive components. The main ones are; crocin, crocetin, picrocrosin and safranal. Two basic carotenoids, crocin and crocetin are responsible for the color. The dried stalk of Crocus Sativus is reddish yellow due to its cross and crossover. Crosin (24-27%) which is very well soluble in water and gives a color that is saffron has a bright yellow color. The taste of saffron comes from the picrocrosin, the second most commonly found ingredient, which makes up about 1% to 13% of the dry matter of the saffron. Picrocrocin is a compound that gives a bitter taste to safran. It adds flavor to food especially when used in meals. Safranal is the essential oil which is mainly responsible for the flavor of the saffron. At the same time more than 160 additional volatile components have been identified. Carotenoid derivatives of saffron, in particular crocin; due to its nutritive properties, it finds wide application in the food, cosmetic and nutraceutical industries. There are two color substances of safflower, safflower yellow (safflomin A, safflomin B) and safflower red (carthamin). The toxicity of synthetic food coloring has been a topic of Corresponding Author: YÜKSEL BAYRAM, ybayram@pau.edu.tr 1 YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1791

controversy in recent times, increasing the need for healthy food stains to be obtained from natural sources. Because of this, it is very important to use coloring materials which can be extracted from such flowers, which have been used as spices for many years and which have positive health effects on their content, as natural food dyes.

KEYWORDS Saffron, Crocus sativus L., Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius, Food colorant

1792

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1806

THE NUTRIENTS OF FORMULA MILK IN TERMS OF MEETING THE NEEDS OF AN INDIVIDUAL 1

KENAN SINAN DAYISOYLU , BETÜL DEMİR , BETUL KAHVECİ , MOHAMMED ZAKIR İBRAHİM

ABSTRACT Kenan Sinan DAYISOYLU, Betül DEMİR, Betul KAHVECİ, Mohammed Zakir İBRAHİM Kahramanmaraş Sütçüimam University, Faculty of Engineering and Arthitecture, Department of Food Engineering, Avşar Campus, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey E-mail: kesiday@ksu.edu.tr Adequate and balanced nutrition is one of the most important determinant of human health, growth and development, more especially in babies. Cow milk is not recommended for newborn infant who cannot breastfeed because it causes iron deficiency in some of the newborn babies. In this period, some standardized dairy products are recommended and preferred as an alternative to breast milk such as; baby milk, baby formula, the bottle milk, formula milk, newborn milk e.t.c. In Turkey, the specifications of these products, which are regarded as approximate formulas for mother`s milk, are determined and issued to the markets with the permission of the Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock. In this study, the contents of breast milk and formula milk were compared and it also includes the daily energy and nutritional requirement needs of baby`s between 0-6 up to 07-12 month. In this study, the contents of breast milk and formula milk were compared and it also includes the daily energy and nutritional requirement needs of baby`s between 0-6 up to 07-12 month. Furthermore, vitamin and mineral contents of cow milk and soya protein isolates, which are used in single and mixed form, have also been studied as based on 100 kcal. In addition, according to the written legal limits , the use of newborn milk in feeding 0-6 and 7-12 month infants is been researched. More especially, the situation and the meeting rates of baby needs is been investigated.It has been determined that the formula milk produced according to the reference value given in the Communiqué does not adequately meet the needs of vitamin A, D, E, Niacin, Folate, Choline, Iodine, Magnesium, Copper and Selenium requirements in the 0-6 month period. It has been found that the formula milk produced according to the base reference value compared to the reference values given in the Communiqué does not adequately meet the needs of protein, vitamins A, D, E, Niacin, B6, Folate, Choline, Phosphorus, Iron, Iodine, Magnesium, Manganese and Selenium in 7-12 month period. The formula milk produced according to the ceiling reference values found in the Communiqué is found to meet all the needs in 0-6 month period and failed to meet the adequate iron needed during the 7-12 month period.

KEYWORDS Formula milk, newborn milk, baby milk, baby food

Corresponding Author: KENAN SİNAN DAYISOYLU, kesiday@ksu.edu.tr 1 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK-MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANA BİLİM DALI

1793

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1807

SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF GALLIC ACID AND RUTIN IN DIETARY TEA PRODUCTS USING RP-HPLC/DAD DETECTION 1

HALE SEÇILMIŞ CANBAY , MAHMUT DOGANTÜRK

ABSTRACT U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) arranges dietary supplement products and dietary ingredients. In 1994, The US congress changed the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act [1]. Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994: Botanical products (Herbals), complementary nutritionals (amino acids, protein – rich foods, etc) and micrunutriens (vitamins, microminerals) are all considered to be dietary supplements [2]. Dietary products are used up to extend our diet with needed micrunutriens, herbs, protein and amino acid for ideal body function [3,4]. Different types of tea, pills and other similar products are sold to people over the internet for diet products. Diet products can be reached very easily. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system was applied to phenolic concenrations in ten dietary tea product samples in Turkey. The gallic acid and rutin compounds of dietary tea samples were determined using methanol extraction. The analytical HPLC system employed consisted of a Shimadzu Prominence high performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a 20A CBM (HPLC System Controller), a diode array detector (SPD-M20A, Tokyo, Japan), a SIL 20ACHT automatic sampler, a CTO-10ASVp column oven and a LC20 AT pump. The analytical data were evaluated using a LC Solution data processing system. The separation was achieved on a Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18, 4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm column glacial acetic acid (A) vs (B) methanol. The elution gradient applied at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min was: 95% A/5% B for 3 min, 80%A/20%B in 15 min and isocratic for 2 min, 60%A/40%B in 10 min, 50%A/50%B in 10 min, 100%B in 10 min until the end of the run. Samples were dissolved in methanol, and 100 µL of this solution was injected into the column. The monitoring wavelength was 280 nm and 360 for the phenolic acids. The identification of each target compound was based on a combination of retention time and spectral matching [5]. Table 1. Retention time (Rt), wavelength determined for the gallic acid and rutin Compounds Rt (min) (HPLCGallic acid 7.8 280 0.999 0.010 91.43 (1.03) Rutin 45.6 360 0.999 0.050 95.21 (1.11) When applied to dietary tea products the proposed method showed good results. The calibration curves for all the species studied showed good linear correlation coefficients (r2 ≥ 0.999), independent of the method used for sample preparation (Table 1). The quantitation limit ranged 0.010 to 0.050 µg/g in dietary tea products (Table 1).

KEYWORDS Gallic acid, Rutin, HPLC, Dietary tea

Corresponding Author: HALE SEÇİLMİŞ CANBAY, halecanbay@mehmetakif.edu.tr 1 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ 2 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİLTEKMER

1794

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1810

DETERMINATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITES OF PSATHYRELLA CONDOLLEANA AND PSATHYRELLA SPADICEOGRISEA MACROFUNGUS CULTURES 1

HEMEN GÜL ERASLAN , DICLE ERDOĞDU , PERIHAN GÜLER

ABSTRACT In this study, the antifungal potentials of the misella obtained from two Psathyrella (P.condolleana and P.spadiceogrisea) collected from Kırıkkale province were investigated. Ethanol and methanol extracts were prepared by taking samples from the liquid medium for determination of antifungal activity and were absorbed by discoid diffusion method and tested againts two Fusarium (F.oxysporium and F. proliferactum) products. As a result of the study, P.soadiceogrisea-methanol extract was found to be most effective aganinst F.oxysporium strain in the macrofungus species used.

KEYWORDS Antifungal activites, Psathyrella, fusarium, Kırıkkale

Corresponding Author: HEMEN GÜL ERASLAN, hemengul06@gmail.com 1 KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1795

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1811

COMPARISON OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS FROM CENTAUREA VIRGATA LAM. 1

TOLGACAN AYDEMİR , ALI ŞEN , LEYLA BİTİŞ

ABSTRACT The genus Centaurea belonging to the Asteraceae family comprises about 700 species predominantly found in the Asia, North Africa, America and Europe. This genus is represented by 34 sections and 226 species with an endemism rate of 66 % in Turkey. In traditional medicine, they are used for fever, menstrual disorders, vaginal candidiasis ,the treatment of liver, kidney and ulcer diseases, as antidiarrheal, stomachic, tonic, appetitive, antidiabetic, antipyretic, also as a diuretic and expectorant. Centaurea species are characterized by the presence of acetylenes, lignans, flavonoids, and sesquiterpene lactones as main secondary metabolites. In this study, it is aimed to investigate antioxidant activities of hexane (CVH), chloroform (CVC), ethyl acetate (CVEA), aqueous ethanol (CVSE) fractions of ethanol extract and ethanol extract (CVE) obtained from the aerial parts of Centaurea virgata. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was tested by DPPH and ABTS methods and the results were expressed as IC50 values (50% inhibitory concentration). The total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalent per g dry extract. CVEA extract had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity with a IC50 value of 138.7 μg / mL followed by CVE (200,3 µg/mL), CVC (293,2 µg/mL), CVSE (610,3 µg/mL) and CVH (824,8 µg/mL) extracts, respectively. CVEA extract had the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity with a IC50 value of 72,89 μg / mL followed by CVC (234,6 µg/mL), CVE (240,5 µg/mL), CVSE (288,8 µg/mL) and CVH (487,4 µg/mL) extracts, respectively. When the total phenol contents of the extracts are compared, The highest amount of phenolic content was found in CVEA extract (51,3 mg/g). These results show that phenolic compounds may be responsible for the activity of the CVEA extract with high antioxidant activity.

KEYWORDS Centaurea virgata, Asteraceae, Antioxidant activity, DPPH, ABTS, Total phenolic content

Corresponding Author: ALİ ŞEN, ali.sen@marmara.edu.tr 1 MARMARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY

1796

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1812

MICROENCAPSULATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN ESSENTIAL OIL TECHNOLOGY BANU KOÇ

ABSTRACT Essential oils obtained from plants are complex mixtures of natural volatile compounds. They give plants their characteristic odors and are a common source of bioactive ingredients. Essential oils, and their components, are gaining increasing interest in the food, agriculture, pesticide, textile, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries because of their natural and safe status, wide acceptance by consumers, and multidimensional functional properties. Furthermore, essential oils could be considered suitable substitutions to chemical additives for use in the food industry. However, essential oils are unstable and susceptible to degradation in the presence of oxygen, light and temperature. So many attempts have been made to preserve essential oils through microencapsulation technology. Microencapsulation is an effective and important tool to prepare oil-based high-quality and healthbeneficial products in various industries to enhance their chemical, oxidative, and thermal stability. The success of this technology is due to the correct choice of the wall material, the core release form and the microencapsulation method. Emulsification, spray-drying, electrospray system, freeze-drying, coacervation, and fluidized-bed-coating are the most commonly used techniques for the microencapsulation of essential oils. The choice of an appropriate microencapsulation technique and wall material depends upon the end use of the product and the processing conditions involved. In this study, some relevant microencapsulation aspects, such as the capsule, wall material, microencapsulation methods and their use in essential oil technology will be discussed.

KEYWORDS essential oil, microencapsulation, spray drying, freze drying

Corresponding Author: BANU KOÇ, kocbanu@gmail.com 1 GAZİANTEP ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR FAKÜLTESİ GASTRONOMİ VE MUTFAK SANATLARI BÖLÜMÜ

1797

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1813

AN EDIBLE WILD AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM OF GİRESUN PROVINCE: POPLAR MUSHROOM (PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS) SANEM BULAM

ABSTRACT The edible wild mushrooms have been used as food and food-flavouring materials in soups and sauces for centuries, due to the their unique and subtle taste and flavor. The edible mushrooms are also important sources of bioactive molecules and produce a wide range of secondary metabolites with high therapeutic agents. The climate and vegetation are suitable for edible wild mushroom growing especially in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. In Şebinkarahisar district of Giresun province, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. (Oyster Mushroom, locally named Poplar Mushroom) which is one of the edible wild and also internationally medicinal mushrooms naturally grows on the rotten roots of cut poplar trees. The Poplar Mushroom has a large, oyster-like head section, with an average diameter of 5 to 25 cm, with natural samples ranging in color from white to gray or tan to dark-brown. They are collected and sold in the local markets by the local people between mid September and mid December depending on the climate conditions. Pleurotus ostreatus species is consumed as food by frying in vegetable oil or sauteing with the tomatoes and onions when it is fresh or after freezing in the winter. In the previous studies for Pleurotus ostreatus moisture 85-87%; in 100 g dried mushroom proteins 17-42 g, lipids 0.5-5.0 g, carbohydrates 37-48 g, celluloses 11.6 g, hemicelluloses 27.8 g, fibers 24-31 g, ash 6.1 g, minerals 4-10 g and total essential amino acids 126.7 g (excluding arginine and histidine) have been reported. Besides, the studies have previously documented that Pleurotus ostreatus plays an important role in the treatment of many diseases due to the its anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihypercholesterolic, antiarthritic, antioxidant, anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. Because it has a large amount of medicinal compounds like water soluble protein or polysaccharides, β-D glucan, glycopeptides, lovastatin and lectin. In this review, Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom species of Giresun province and its nutritional and therapeutic characteristics will be discussed.

KEYWORDS Pleurotus ostreatus, Giresun, nutritional value, medicinal mushroom, therapeutic agents

Corresponding Author: SANEM BULAM, sanem.bulam@giresun.edu.tr 1 GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1798

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1815

MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS AND THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON HEALTH SANEM BULAM

ABSTRACT The edible wild mushrooms are consumed worldwide not only for their texture and flavor but also for their chemical and nutritional characteristics. They have higher protein, crude fiber, vitamin, mineral contents and contain less fat and energy. Furthermore, some mushrooms that are popular in Asian countries like China, Japan and South Korea may also have a medicinal value. These mushrooms are not only sources of nutrients but have also been reported as therapeutic foods which are useful in preventing diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and cancer. Their specific antitumor, antiviral, antithrombotic, antiallergic, immunomodulating, hypolipidemic, hypoglysemic, hypotensive and anti-inflammatory effects have previously been reported. These functional characteristics are mainly due to the presence of bioactive molecules such as dietary fiber and in particular cellulose, chitin, beta glucans, phenolic compounds, lentinan, lovastatin, ergosterol etc. The most popular medicinal species are Agaricus blazei (Brazilian Agaricus), Auricularia auricula (Wood Ear), Cordyceps sinensis (Caterpillar Mushroom), Coriolus versicolor (Turkey Tail), Flammulina velutipes (Enokitake), Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi), Grifola frondosa (Maitake), Hericium erinaceus (Lion’s Mane), Inonotus obliquus (Chaga), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake), Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster), Polyporus umbellatus (Zhu-ling), Poria cocos (Fu-ling), Schizophyllum commune (Split Gill) and Tremella fuciformis (White Wood Ear). The medicinal mushroom originated products are available as nutraceuticals and dietary supplements such as mushroom mycelium powder grown on grain and soybeans, powdered extracts in capsules or tablets and ethanolic extracts with or without glycerin. In the last few decades the medicinal mushrooms are increasingly started to be consumed in the Western countries among vegetarians and vegans. In this review, the most common medicinal mushrooms from Far East to Western countries and their pharmacological potential will be investigated.

KEYWORDS Medicinal mushrooms, therapeutic, functional, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements

Corresponding Author: SANEM BULAM, sanem.bulam@giresun.edu.tr 1 GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1799

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1818

INVESTIGATION OF ENZYME ACTIVITY OF GARDENIN B AND CYNARININ A. 1

TE D

HÜSEYIN AKŞIT , MAHFUZ ELMASTAŞ , ŞEVKI ADEM , ÇAĞLAR GÜLER , NACIYE KAYHAN , EMRAH YERLIKAYA

ABSTRACT

Natural products have various biological activities. The secondary metabolites isolated from natural sources are used for drug discovery. Naturally occurring terpenes and flavon derivatives has a great interest among scientist due to having broad spectrum biological activities. Many drugs act as inhibitor or activator on some specific enzymes by binding to active site of enzyme. In this study; Inhibitory effects of secondary metabolites isolated from different sources were tested on carbonic anhydrase IX and chicken liver aldose reductase enzymes. CA IX is a novel target enzyme for cancer treatment [1]. Aldose reductase inhibitors uses as drug to treatment such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cataract and cardiovascular diseases emerging with diabetes [2]. The inhibitory effects of Gardenin B and Cynarinin A isolated different plant sources against two selected enzymes were evaluated spectrophotometric method. Cynarinin A is a guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactone and found in Cynara family [3]. Isolation and characterization Cynarinin A from Centaurea polypodiifolia were previously reported by our group [4]. Gardenin B (5-hydroxy-6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxy flavone), a polymethoxylated flavone, was isolated from Mentha x dumetorum for the first time and characterized by spectroscopic techniques including NMR and MS and by comprising literature data [5]. The obtained spectroscopic data as follows: m/z [M+H]+ 359.1170, λmax 331, 284 nm, 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 12.60 (s, 1H, 5-OH), 7.92 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H, H2′ and H6′), 7.06 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H, H3′ and H5′), 6.63 (s, 1H, H3), 4.13 (s, 3H, -OMe), 4.00 (s, 3H, -OMe), 3.97 (s, 3H, -OMe), 3.92 (s, 3H, -OMe). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 183.04 (C4), 164.09 (C2), 162.79 (C4′), 152.97 (C5), 149.53 (C9), 145.80 (C7), 136.55 (C6), 133.00 (C8), 128.11 (C2′ and C6′), 123.50 (C1′), 114.63 (C3′ and C5′), 107.00 (C10), 103.77 (C3), 62.15 (-OMe), 61.72 (-OMe), 61.14 (-OMe), 55.56 (-OMe) with fully agreement literature. Chicken liver aldose reductase enzyme was inhibited by Gardenin B and cynarinin A with IC50 values 53 and 231 µM, respectively. Gardenin B and cynarinin A exhibited inhibitory effect against human recombinant CA IX with IC50 values 86 and 346 µM, respectively. 1. Winum, J.Y., et al., Carbonic anhydrase IX: a new druggable target for the design of antitumor agents. Medicinal research reviews, 2008. 28(3): p. 445-463. 2. Veeresham, C., A. Rama Rao, and K. Asres, Aldose reductase inhibitors of plant origin. Phytotherapy Research, 2014. 28(3): p. 317-333. 3. Liu, R., H. Kun-Lung, and J.-K. Liu, A new sesquiterpene lactone from the leaves of Cynara scolymus (Compositae). Acta Botanica Yunnica, 2009. 31(4): p. 383-385. 4. Çelik, Í., et al., Crystal structure and computational study of 3, 4-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-9-methyl-6-methylidene-3a, 4, 5, 6, 6a, 9, 9a, 9b-octahydroazuleno [4, 5-b] furan-2, 8 (3H, 7H)-dione. Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications, 2015. 71(12): p. 1425-1428. 5. Parmar, V.S., et al., Highly oxygenated bioactive flavones from Tamarix. Phytochemistry, 1994. 36(2): p. 507-511. Corresponding Author: HÜSEYİN AKŞİT, huseyinaksit@gmail.com 1 GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ 2 ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN FAKÜLTESİ 3 SİİRT ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1800

KEYWORDS Mentha dumetorum, Centaurea polypodiifolia, Gardenin B and cynarinin A, enzyme activity

1801

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1819

THE MEDICINAL PLANTS SOLD IN HERBAL MARKETS IN DENIZLI 1

MEHMET ÇİÇEK , OKAN ÇON

ABSTRACT In this study, it was aimed to determine the plant species sold in herbal markets in Denizli and used by the public for medical purposes. Within the scope of the study, 8 herbal markets in the province center were visited, and information about the medicinal plants sold and the purposes they were used by the public were obtained. In negotiations with herbal markets in Denizli, it is recorded that the local names of the plants sold for medical purposes and which parts are used. Photographs of the related parts of the plants were taken. The Latin names of well-known species have been determined, and some of them have been sampled from their existing parts for later identification. Some were left at the genus level. In addition, information has been obtained about which diseases the medicinal products were used for medical purposes or for which purposes they were selected for treatment. A list has been prepared in line with the information obtained. This list includes information on Latin names, local names, used parts and what they are used for. As a result of the study, a total of 86 plant species belonging to 44 families and 80 genera were determined to be sold as the medicinal plant in the herbal markets in Denizli. Of these species, 71 naturally grow in Turkey. These species are collected from their natural habitat or cultivated. The 15 species are alien species and cultivated in Turkey. The great majority of the species belong to the families Lamiaceae (14 species), Asteraceae (11 species), Apiaceae (6 species) and Rosaceae (5 species), respectively.

KEYWORDS medicinal plants, herbal market, ethnobotany, Denizli

Corresponding Author: MEHMET ÇİÇEK, mcicek@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ, 20070 DENİZLİ

1802

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1820

THE ANALYSIS OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC CONTEXT 1

FEVZİ ŞİRİN , MUSTAFA KAYA , HASAN HÜSEYIN ÇIFTÇI , TEVFIK TAYLAN ATALAY

ABSTRACT THE ANALYSIS OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC CONTEXT ABSTRACT WHO ARE WE AND WHAT OUR AIM IS The Association of Porsuk River Philosophers (APRP) was established in 2014. The aim of establishment is to contribute human to the awareness of the need for philosophic knowledge in personel and public domain.The Association has been keeping holistic researches on the base of the seven classic disciplines; Ethic, Knowledge, Science, Religion, Aesthetic, Politics, Ontology. Under the scientific discipline, with the slogan of “Returning To The Natural Life”, the APRP began natural agricultural activities in the two decares field. Primarily, in the light of natural farming principles in order to produce Vermicompost, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. On the other hand, due to the protocol between Eskişehir Tepebaşı Municipality and APRP, some demostrations were made in the garden of Esentepe Children’s and Art Center, local seed production and distribution have been achieved. Throughout history, human beings have known to use the wild plants to heal the health issues. In our age, the methods of treatment under the name of “Alternative Medicine” has been applying by referring the science as a guide. Approximately, the 80% of the materials used in the manifacture of medicines that modern medicine requires of medicinal and aromatic plants origin. Apart their use as medicines; the medical and aromatic plants have contribution in foods, cleaning products, tooth paste and gums, herbal teas and cosmetics. With these developments, the trade of the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants all over the world have shown a great increase in the last 30 years. For many years, the herbal products that are required of trade are collected from nature, but this stiuation has severely damaged on the endemics (flora and fauna). Many medicinal and aromatic plants have faced the danger of extinction. Also unconsciously harvesting plant have caused the invasion of dominant and recessive plants to each other’s habibat. Briefly, these reasons above mentioned necessiated producing the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants by human, cultivation, increasing yield which were cultivated, extention of planting areas. Both Research Institutes and Universities in our country, have proper scientific researchs. It has been pleased to see that Minister of Food, Agriculture and Livestock have increased the project and support of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in recent years. It is needed to make natural agricultural applications by volunteer organisations, such as APRP, with regard to social benefit, “for making the society conscious” when there is lack of public services. These kind of activities will be tried to reach to the cultivators who have interests. It should be the responsibility of non-governmental organisations to diseminate such activities and to transmit them to growers. In this context, APRP planted Menta (Menthaxpiperata L.) 50 m2; Sage (Salvia officinalis) 50 m2; (Salvia Triloba) 50 m2; Origano (Origanum vulgare) 50 m2, (Origanum onites) 50 m2, Rosemary (Rosmarinus spicata) 50 m2 in the Sakintepe Campus, in the May of 2016. Another work has been realised in September of 2016 by buying 20 kg saffron (Crocus sativus) from the Geçit Kuşağı Corresponding Author: FEVZİ ŞİRİN, fevzisirin@hotmail.com 1 PORSUK ÇAYI FEYLESOFLARI 2 PORSUK ÇAYI FEYLESOFLARI DERNEĞİ

1803

Research Institute and planted in 100 m2 field which is registered as the name KARAASLAN. The quantity of the planted Medicinal and Aromatic Plants were determined and the historical and folkloric background of them synthesized and transferred to the cooperative organisation groups. Full paper will be presented over these conclusions.

KEYWORDS Medicinal plants saffron melissa

1804

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1822

ASPIR CULTIVATION IN DIYARBAKIR 1

MEDET KORKUNÇ , HANGÜL ÖZBEY , SERAP ERKUŞ , FATİH MEHMET KILINÇ

ABSTRACT Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)is undoubtedly the world's most popular and sought after medicinal and aromatic plant with all its varieties and uses. While all medicinal and aromatic plants are examined, visual beauty of aspirin, calming, softening properties, nostalgic and distinctive smell and magnificent landscape image reveals. Aspir is 50-100 cm length and flowers cream, white, yellow, orange. These flowers can also be used in the art of dyeing rope and cloth for centuries in the city. The aspiration plant is a one-year long-day oil plant with a pile root system that can go up to a depth of about 2.5-3.0 m and can grow in average between 110-140 days. Oilseed plants have a strategic prescription for human and animal nutrition due to oil, protein, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. Adding Aspir oil to the greasy dishes, which have an important place in Diyarbakır's culinary culture, will enrich this culture even more. The most important advantage of aspir compare to wheat and barley agriculture is that wheat and barley agriculture can be used in the agriculture of all the tools and equipment used from the preparation of soil to the storage of the product. In addition, drought tolerance increases the importance of Aspir cultivation in our province. The high yield obtained in the trial result made in Çınar District of our province last year has been effective in starting this work. This will also help to develop the medical and aromatic plant-related industry, which will create alternative sources of income that will bring innovation to the region. As a result of this work, facilities to be established for the processing of medical and aromatic plants will contribute to the economy of our province and country, and also increase the income level of our farmers, especially women. Since the areas where the aspir farming will be done will become a visual feast, it will be seen that it will be a stopping place for photographers as well as eco-tourism.

KEYWORDS Aspirate, medical and aromatic plants

Corresponding Author: MEDET KORKUNÇ, medet.korkunc@dicle.edu.tr 1 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1805

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1823

ETHNOBOTANY OF THE GENUS SCUTELLARIA L. (LAMIACEAE) IN TURKEY MEHMET ÇİÇEK

ABSTRACT Scutellaria L., with about 360 species, is a subcosmopolitan genus of the family Lamiaceae. Most of its species occur in the tropics, and in Southern Hemisphere they are present mainly in the temperate mountains. The species of the genus Scutellaria are annual or perennial herbs or rarely subshrub plants. Its stems are four-angled and its leaves are opposite. The genus is most easily recognized by the shield on the calyx. As ethnobotanically, it is reported that the young leaves of S. indica and S. baicalensis from the Asian species of the genus are cooked as vegetable and the whole plant of S. baicalensis is used as a tea substitute (Tanaka, 1976). In addition, there is usage of S. laterifolia (American skullcap) against neurological disorders such as epilepsy, convulsion, hysteria, and insomnia in the New World (Millspaugh, 1974). The dried roots of S. baicalensis (Baikal skullcap), have been used in memory enhancing in Chinese traditional medicine (Adams et al., 2007). The genus Scutellaria consists of 39 taxa, 16 of which are endemic (41%) in Turkey. The Scutellaria species are known as ‘‘kaside” in Turkish. Little is known on the usage of Scutellaria in Turkish folk medicine. Infusion of its dried leaves is used as soothing, hemostatic and wound healing agent and also as a tonic by people in some parts of Eastern Anatolia (Özçelik, Ay and Öztürk, 1990). S. orientalis was reported to be used externally and internally for constipation, hemostatic, tonic, and wound healing purposes in Anatolian folk medicine (Baytop, 1999). According to the ethnobotanical studies conducted in Eastern Anatolia in the recent years, there are data about the usages as wound healing for S. orientalis subsp. bicolor, in the remedy of cancer and hemorrhoids for S. orientalis subsp. pichleri and S. orientalis subsp. virens (Mükemre et al., 2015), and as astringent for S. orientalis subsp. bicolor and S. orientalis pichleri (Çakılcıoğlu and Türkoğlu, 2010). No data found about its selling in herbal markets in Turkey.

KEYWORDS economic botany, ethnobotany, Turkish traditional medicine, Scutellaria, Lamiaceae

Corresponding Author: MEHMET ÇİÇEK, mcicek@pau.edu.tr 1 PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ, 20070 DENİZLİ

1806

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1825

INVESTIGATION OF IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS MILL. METHANOL AND CHLOROFORM FRACTIONS AGAINST HT-29 AND HCT-116 CELL LINES 1

SÜMEYRA ÇETINKAYA , İLKNUR ÇINAR , İPEK SÜNTAR , H.GÜL DURSUN

ABSTRACT Liquidambar orientalis Mill. is a herbaceous plant which has medicinal and cosmetic properties in the family of Hamamelidaceae (Li vd. 1997). In the Mediterranean region, it is widely used in phytotherapy for diseases or health problems. General area of usage are burn, wounds and cuts (Fakir vd. 2009) In addition, ulcer, stomach ache, mouth diseases and antiseptic use are available (Everest ve Öztürk 2005). The goal of this work is to investigate the cytotoxic effects of Liquidambar orientalis Mill methanol and chloroform fractions in HT-29 and HCT-116 (human colon carcinoma) cell lines. The cytotoxicity of fractions was determined using XTT ((2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide)) assay. The HT-29 and HCT-116 cells were used to determine cytotoxicity and chloroform and methanol fractions were investigated. As a result; IC50 values of the chloroform fraction ranged from 25 to 50 μg / ml in HT-29 cells and 50 to 200 μg / ml in HCT-116 cells after treatment at different doses for 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours, And 250 to 500 μg / ml in both HT-29 and HCT-116 cells after being treated at different doses for 24h, 48h and 72h, respectively. According to this chlorofom fraction of Liquidambar orientalis showed strongest cytotoxic effect while methanol fraction exhibited moderate cytotoxic effect. Further investigation is still needed to understand their mechanisms of action and usage as antitumour agents. Reference 1) Li J, Bogle AL, Klein AS. interspecific relationships and genetic divergence of the disjunct genus Liquidambar (Hamamelidaceae) inferred from dNA sequences of plastid gene matK. Rhodora1997; 99:899:229–40. 2) Fakir H, Korkmaz M, Güller B. Medicinal plant diversity of western mediterrenean region in Turkey. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 2009; 3:2:30–40. 3) Everest A, Ozturk E. Focusing on the ethnobotanical uses of plants in Mersin and Adana provinces (Turkey). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2005; 1:6.

KEYWORDS L.orientalis, cytotoxicty, XTT

Corresponding Author: SÜMEYRA ÇETİNKAYA, cetinkayasumeyra@hotmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ A.D., KONYA 3 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, FARMAKOGNAZİ A.D., ANKARA

1807

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1826

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CENTAUREA URVILLEI DC. SUBSP. ARMATA WAGENITZ 1

ALI ŞEN , MAYRAM TÜYSÜZ , SEHER BIRTEKSÖZ TAN , ŞÜKRAN KÜLTÜR , LEYLA BİTİŞ

ABSTRACT In this study, we reported, for the first time to our knowledge, antimicrobial activities of hexane (CUH), chloroform (CUC), ethyl acetate (CUEA), aqueous ethanol (CUSE) fractions of ethanol extract and ethanol extract (CUE) obtained from the whole plant of Centaurea urvillei subsp. armata. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were determined by the microbroth dilutions technique using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. CUC, CUE and CUH extracts showed moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans with MIC values of 312, 625 and 625 μg/mL, respectively. All extracts exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis (MIC: 312-625 µg/mL). CUH extract showed a strong antimicrobial effect against Candida tropicalis with a MIC value of 39 μg/mL, while CUE and CUC extracts had moderate activity with MIC values of 312 μg / mL. The CUC extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli with MIC values of 625 μg / mL. The CUE extract exhibited poor antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 1250 μg/mL These results indicate that the extracts are particularly active against Candida species. Also, CUH extract which has a very strong activity against Candida tropicalis is good candidate for further bioactivity-guided fractionation in the search for new active antifungal compounds.

KEYWORDS Centaurea urvillei subsp. armata, Asteraceae, Antimicrobial activity, MIC

Corresponding Author: ALİ ŞEN, ali.sen@marmara.edu.tr 1 MARMARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2 ISTANBUL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL MİCROBİOLOGY 3 ISTANBUL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL BOTANY

1808

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1830

ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND RADICAL SCAVENGING EFFECTS OF SOME NATURAL PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS 1

FEYZA OKE-ALTUNTAS , AYSE ŞAHIN YAĞLIOĞLU , İBRAHIM DEMIRTAŞ

ABSTRACT Phenolic compounds, commonly known as polyphenols, are present in plants and classified as simple phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids) and flavonoids. They affect sensory properties of foods, such as flavor, astringency, aroma, and color. Research on phenolic compounds is carried out because of their biological and pharmacological properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the antiproliferative and radical scavenging effects of some plant origin phenolic compounds. The radical scavenging effects of these compounds were studied by DPPH assay. DPPH scavenging activity of the tested compounds decreased in the order of gallic acid > chlorogenic acid > apigenin-7-glucoside > hesperidin > 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Also, in this study, 4hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), gallic acid (GA), and apigenin-7-glucoside (A-7-G) were investigated for their antiproliferative activities on human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cell line at the concentrations of 5–100 µg/mL by using BrdU ELISA assay during 24 h of incubation. GA exhibited the highest activity against HeLa cells (IC50 < 5 µg/mL). The potency of inhibitions (at 100 µg/mL) against HeLa cells were found as GA > A-7-G > 4-HBA. Our results showed that gallic acid exhibited highest radical scavenging and antiproliferative effect.

KEYWORDS Gallic acid, HeLA, BrdU ELISA, polyphenol, DPPH

Corresponding Author: FEYZA OKE-ALTUNTAS, feyzaoke@gazi.edu.tr 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN FAKÜLTESİ BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN FAKÜLTESİ KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ

1809

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1834

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITIES OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACTS FROM VARIOUS PARTS OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO GROWN PISTACIA LENTISCUS L. 1

ENGIN TİLKAT , HILAL SARUHAN FİDAN , ABDULSELAM ERTAŞ , MUSTAFA ABDULLAH YILMAZ , GURBET 2 3 4 2 BAĞLAMIŞ , VEYSEL SÜZERER , FATIH MEHMET KILINÇ , AHMET ONAY

ABSTRACT In the present study, anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extracts from different parts of in vivo and in vitro raised Pistacia lentiscus were studied. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods was used to determine antioxidant activity. A spectrophotometric method developed by Ellman, Courtney, Andres and Featherstone was used to determine the acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitory activities. In terms of DPPH free radical scavenging activity, 6 samples prepared from root, stem and leaf parts of the female and male genotypes and 3 in vitro samples were found to have a very high antioxidant potential. It has been determined that samples prepared from stem parts of both female and male genotypes have higher activities than other parts. In vivo samples were more active than in vitro samples in both male and female genotypes. The CUPRAC activities of in vivo samples were higher from the standarts BHT and α-TOC. Absorption values in 100 μg/ml concentration for female leaf, stem,root,male leaf, stem, root, BHT and α-TOC were determined as 3.06, 3.81, 3.31, 2.65, 3.80, 3.46, 3.18 and 1.69 respectiveley. There is a decrease in the activity of in vitro samples in the CUPRAC activity. Also, in vivo samples of female and male genotypes were found to have a high anticholinesterase enzyme activity. Among the ethanol extracts, the extracts from the stem part of male genotype have the highest activity against both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes. This study indicated that the ethanol extracts of the stem parts of both lentisk genotypes may be a new potential resource of natural antioxidant and anticholinesterase compounds.

KEYWORDS : Pistacia lentiscus, Antioxidant activities, anticholinesterase activities, in vitro.

Corresponding Author: FATİH MEHMET KILINÇ, fmehmet206@gmail.com 1 BATMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 4 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1810

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1836

EXAMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PULICARIA DYSENTERICA (L.) BERNH 1

ALI ŞEN , MAYRAM TÜYSÜZ , SEHER BIRTEKSÖZ TAN , AHMET DOĞAN , LEYLA BİTİŞ

ABSTRACT The genus Pulicaria in Turkey is represented by 6 species, P. arabica, P. armena, P. dysenterica, P. odora, P. sicula and P. Vulgaris. Pulicaria dysenterica is known as “Çayır otu, yara otu, papatya” in Turkey. In traditional medicine, it is used for constipation, the treatment of abdominal pain, stye in eye, cold, bronchitis, inflamed wound, also as carminative, diuretic. Also the plant is used against dysentery. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of ethanol (PDE) extract and its fractions (hexane (PDH), chloroform (PDC), ethyl acetate (PDEA), and aqueous ethanol (PDSE)) of Pulicaria dysenterica were also evaluated. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were determined by the microbroth dilutions technique using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. PDE and PDH extracts showed moderate activity against Candida tropicalis with MIC values of 312 μg/mL. All extracts (except PDE) with MIC values of 625 μg/mL had moderate activity against Candida albicans. PDH, PDC, and PDEA extracts exhibited moderate antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis with MIC values of 625 μg/ mL. All extracts against Staphylococcus aureus were found to have poor antibacterial activity with MIC values of 1250 μg/mL. PDC showed moderate activity with a MIC value of 625 μg/mL, while PDH with a MIC value of 1250 μg/mL showed weak antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. This is the first study to examine the antifungal effect of Pulicaria dysenterica on Candida species and the results of this study showed that extracts are effective on Candida species.

KEYWORDS Examination of antimicrobial activity of Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) BERNH.

Corresponding Author: LEYLA BİTİŞ, leylabitis@marmara.edu.tr 1 MARMARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2 ISTANBUL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL MİCROBİOLOGY 3 3MARMARA UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTİCAL BOTANY

1811

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1837

DETERMINATION OF ANTIFUNGAL AKTIVITES OF PHELLINUS IGNIARIUS AND PHELLINUS LUNDELLII 1

DICLE ERDĞDU , HEMEN GÜL ERASLAN , PERIHAN GÜLER

ABSTRACT : Fusarium species, known as plant pathogens, cause bottom rot, leaf and spike burn and rot in various cereal products. Grain such as wheat, corn oast, rye and other plant foods such as peanuts, tomatoes and potatoes and they can form toxins. In this study, antifungal activites of two Phellinus ( Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus lundellii) species collected from Kırıkkale province were investigated. Samples were taken from solid media and ethanol and methanol ekstrakt were prepared and applied againts two Fusarium(Fusarium crookwellense and Fusarium oxysporum) by disk diffusion method. As a result of this study, it was determined that the ekstrakts of Phellinus igniarius prepared in ethanol and methanol had antifungal effect on Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium crookwellense. It has been ebserved that the ethanol-ekstrakted ekstrakt of Phellinus lundellii can not have antifungal activity. It was observed that the ethanol and methanol ekstrakt of Phellinus lundellii could not have antifungal activity Fusarium crookwellense.

KEYWORDS Antifungal activites, Phellinus, Fusarium, Türkiye

Corresponding Author: PERİHAN GÜLER, perihanguler71@gmail.com 1 KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1812

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1838

THE USE OF AROMATIC PLANTS AND SPICES IN VEGETABLE OILS: FLAVORED OILS 1

ENES BERBER , DERYA ARSLAN , AYŞENUR ACAR , HASAN HÜSEYIN KARA

ABSTRACT Spices have been used by many cultures since ancient times in order to enhance the flavor and aroma of foods, and generally have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Many aromatic plants and spices are known to increase the nutritional value and shelf life of foods. Today, synthetic antioxidants such as BHT and BHA are used as additives to increase the shelf life of oil-rich foods. Careless use of many synthetic additives has significant health risks. Many antioxidant active ingredients found in spices and herbs have been used to aromatize vegetable oils to increase the oxidative stability of the product. In addition to spicy aromas, it is preferred because of the reasons such as very low health risks, higher consumer acceptance and increased bioactive qualities of the product. This increases the interest in spices as antioxidant sources. There are examples in the world where various vegetable oils such as soy and canola are aromatized with aromatic herbs and spices, the most common application in the world and in Turkey is the aromatization of olive oils. Turkish food codex olive oil and pomace notification defines flavored olive oil as; "Olive oil which is obtained by adding different spices, plants, fruits and vegetables and in terms of other characteristics, carries the properties of the products of its category within the scope of this notification." Flavored olive oil is also expressed in terms of aromatized, aromatic, gourmet and boutique olive oil in sector jargon. Seasoning of olive oil is a process usually applied to natural extra virgin olive oils to increase nutritional value, enrich sensory properties and prolong shelf life. When the studies carried out in this matter are examined, aromatic plants and spices themselves can be added in crushing or kneading stages of olive oil production as well as plant infusions, extracts or essential oils can also be used. In addition, the incorporation rate of infusion or extracts of these different spices or plants and the time needed for infusion/maceration have also been the subject of studies. According to many studies carried out on olive oil, the seasoning of olive oil causes an increase in oxidative stability, along with studies in which the reduction in antioxidant activity and amount of phenolic components are also detected. It is reported that the combined use of aromatic plants has stronger positive effects.

KEYWORDS Aromatized vegetable oils, aromatic plants, spices

Corresponding Author: DERYA ARSLAN, dears@konya.edu.tr 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ BESLENME VE DİYETETİK BÖLÜMÜ

1813

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1840

CULTIVATION OF TRUFFLES AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT FOR THE TRUFFLE INDUSTRY 1

AMAL EZZANEGA , LAHSEN KHABAR

ABSTRACT Throughout, human history. Truffles have been consumed in many countries and have been used as folk medicine and in cosmetic products. The quality and variety of truffles demanded by peoples has increased as consumers desire more and ecologically is a key of living sustainably in semi-arid and arid areas. In both ecological and socio-economic importance setting, the inoculating plants with mycorrhizal fungi considered greatly a good solution for in a degraded ecosystem where the truffles yield lost or threatened for many reasons: ecological factors influence, human activities and methods use for harvested it. The aims of this research has demonstrated that the production of mycorrhized plant by inoculation seedling of likely hosts plant with slurry of truffle spores is one inoculation technique encourage the cultivation of truffles .

KEYWORDS key words: slurry of truffle spore, mycorrhized hosts plant, cultivation.

Corresponding Author: AMAL EZZANEGA, witania2000@hotmail.com 1 UNİVERSİTY MOHAMMED V FACULTY OF SCİENCE, DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, TEAM “ FOREST MYCOLOGY AND TRUFFİCULTURE” B.P. 1014, RABAT-AGDAL , MOROCCO.

1814

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1842

ANTIOXIDANT AND VOLATILE COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM MYRTUS COMMUNIS IN TURKEY 1

TE D

HÜLYA DEMIR

ABSTRACT

The isolated essential oils from seven air-dried plant species were analyzed by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil from Myrtus communis was characterized by the presence of α-terpinene (34.4%),cineole (9.6%), linalool (6.2%),αpinene,camphene,cineole,terpineol, terpinen-4-ol,thymol,caryophyllene. Antioxidant activity was evaluated as a free radical scavenging capacity (RSC), together with the effect on lipid peroxidation (LP). RSC was assessed by measuring the scavenging activity of essential oil on 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical, together with the effect on lipid peroxidation (LP). RSC was assessed by measuring the scavenging activity of essential oil on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. Effect on LP was evaluated following the activities of essential oil in Fe2+/ascorbate and Fe2+/H2O2 systems of induction. Investigated essential oil reduced the DPPH radical formation (IC50 = 7.05±0.26 µg/mL).

KEYWORDS

GC-MS analysis; essential oils; Myrtus communis, antioxidants.

Corresponding Author: HÜLYA DEMİR, hdemir40@gmail.com 1 YEDİTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1815

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1845

THE EXTREMELY USE OF OILS OBTAINED BY COLD PRESS (COLD PRESS) OF SOME PLANTS 1

ŞEYMA AKALIN BENDERLI , MEVLÜT BÜYÜKHELVACIGIL , BERIL KOPARAL

ABSTRACT MULBERRY SEED OIL Latin: Oleum Morus alba Mulberry (Morus alba) is a tree-shaped plant from the family Moraceae. It is known that the oil obtained from the cold press method of mulberry cores is rich in especially essential fatty acids and vitamin E vitamins. It is stated that when used as a mouthwash in the treatment of oral wounds due to its antiviral and antibacterial properties, it can also be used in the treatment of throat pain, tonsillitis, improvement of mouth and teeth wounds and in the treatment of infections caused by candida species fungus known as thrush in children. It has also been reported that antiinflammatory, antipyretic and antitussive corticosteroids may be used to support the treatment of diseases such as mouth-throat infections, asthma and arthritis (joint inflammation). CHIA SEED OIL Latin: Oleum Salvia hispanica Chia (Salvia hispanica); It is a plant of Lamiaceae family like island tea. The most important feature of oil obtained by the cold press method of Chia seed, which is known to have many health benefits; The amount of herbal omega-3 ALA (Alpha Linolenic Acid) is at a high level. It is used for the treatment of Metabolic Syndrome patients with the help of treatment, support for weight loss, support to increase the endurance of athletes, anticoagulant and antihypertensive properties, cardioprotective and antiinflammatory effect, nutritional support (salat and yoghurt ease of use by joining) are reported to be able to be used as support in many diseases. The level of ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) indicated as an antioxidant capacity value is very high and it is reported that it can help the athletes to increase their stamina during competition and training. HEMP SEED OIL Latin: Oleum cannabis Cannabis oil produced by the Cold Press method contains essential polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols such as omega 3 and omega 9. The ideal omega-3 / omega-6 ratio, containing hemp oil, is an ideal nutritional supplement for a healthy and balanced diet. Anticonvulsant and antiepileptic properties, antidepressant and antihypertensive properties, antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties, hypercholesterolemia, nutritional support (ease of use by adding to salatas and yoghurts) and support for many diseases for anti-amyloid and antiepileptic properties, help to reduce tremor in dystonic movement disorders, healthy and balanced nutrition can be used as. FLAX SEED OIL Latin: Oleum Lini Almost every part of flax (Linum usitatissimum) plant has commercial use, especially flaxseed is very important in terms of food and nutrient sectors. Especially strong and durable fibers found in the structure are of great importance in terms of usage areas. The oil obtained by cold press method from flax seeds is predominant due to the presence of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18: 3n-3) and lignan in the content of flax seed oil. A number of studies have shown that atherosclerosis plays an important role in increasing secondary mortality and morbidity to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have shown that the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in daily diets is effective on preserving the heart, that omega-3 fatty acid ingestion of 0.5-2 grams per day is effective in protecting against cardiovascular diseases and that there is no additional effect of taking them at higher doses. Support for osteoporosis Corresponding Author: ŞEYMA AKALIN BENDERLİ, sakalin@zade.com.tr 1 HELVACIZADE A.Ş.

1816

and menopause treatment has been considered as a source of herbal Omega 3 (ALA), especially in vegetarians, in adults who can not consume fish. In patients with chronic constipation (constipation) it is known that in addition to being a good source of nutrients due to treatment support and fibrous structures in their contents, they also increase bowel movements in adults.

KEYWORDS Cold press, mulberry, chia, hemp, flax

1817

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1846

CHIA SEED: A NEW FUNCTIONAL FOOD 1

ŞEHRIBAN UĞUZ , SEVAL ANDIÇ

TE D

ABSTRACT

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.), a biannually cultivated herb, is one of the oldest crops cultivated for centuries by the Aztec tribes (natives before Hispanic colonization) in Mexico. The seeds were used for the preparation of medicines, foods and paintings by Aztecs and Mayas. Chia disappeared as crop for centuries and was rediscovered in the middle of the 20th century. The chemical composition consists of protein (15–25%), fats (25% to 40% oil with 60% of it comprising ω-3

KEYWORDS

Chia, Salvia hispanica L., functional food,

Corresponding Author: ŞEHRİBAN UĞUZ, sehribanuguz@yyu.edu.tr 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1818

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1847

ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF ROSA DAMASCENA MILL. ON PSEUDOMONAS TOLAASII 1

ESIN BASIM , HÜSEYIN BASIM

ABSTRACT Rose essential oil has been used to natural beauty treatments for thousands of years. Rose oil is a good bactericide as well as it has a strong antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiparasitic and antibacterial activity. Essential oil of Rosa damascena was obtained by steam distillation from petals of R. damascena grown in the Isparta province of Turkey. In this study, antibacterial activities of different vestigated by in vitro agar diffusion and volatility tests against Pseudomonas tolaasii, a causal agent of bacterial brown blotch disease on cultivated mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). It was determined that the essential oil showed an effective antibacterial activity against P . tolaasii strains comparing with those of Thymbra potential to be used a natural protectant for bacterial brown blotch disease pathogen, Pseudomonas tolaasii. Future detailed works needs to be completed for a practical use of the essential oil to control bacterial brown blotch disease on cultivated mushrooms. This is a first report of antibacterial activities of the rose oil against P. tolaasii.

KEYWORDS Agaricus bisporus, Pseudomonas tolaasii, Brown blotch disease, Rose Oil, Rosa damascena

Corresponding Author: ESİN BASIM, ebasim@yahoo.com 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1819

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1848

PRELIMINARY SEARCH FOR CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY EFFECTS OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS AJUGA CHAMAEPITYS, PHLOMIS GRANDIFLORA AND BONGARDIA CHRYSOGONUM 1

CEYLAN AKA , UFUK KOCA ÇALIŞKAN , ESRA AKKOL

ABSTRACT Objective / Purpose: Capillary permeability is meaning of permitting capacity of a blood vessel wall. If this capacity/ability deteriorates, vascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease, haemorrhoid, aneurysm, peripheral venous disease and varicose veins blood clots in veins (vte), lymphedema) occur. Our aim is to determine potential antiinflammatory effect of Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) SCHREB. (AC), Phlomis grandiflora H. S. THOMPSON var. grandiflora H. S. THOMPSON (PG), and Bongardia chrysogonum (L.) SPACH. (BC) by applying acetic acidinduced vascular permeability models. Material and Methods: Shade dried plant samples were extracted with pure methanol, and the extracts were evaporated to the dryness. Previously applied method was used for the animal experiment (Whittle, 1964; Yesilada and Kupeli, 2007). According to that method, each plant extract (400 mg/kg dose) was administered orally to a group of 6 BALB/c mice, waited for 30 min then the mice were injected with 0.1 mL of 4% Evans blue at the tail, after 10 min waiting period 0.5% (v/v) AcOH was injected i.p. and waited for 20 min. The mice were killed by dislocation of the neck, and the viscera were exposed and irrigated with distilled water, which was then poured into 10 mL volumetric flasks through glass wool, 0.1 mL of 0.1N NaOH solution was added, each flask was made up to 10 mL with distilled water. The absorption of the final solution was measured at 590 nm. In control animals, instead of the extract 0.5% CMC was given orally, and they were treated in the same manner as described above. Results: According our preliminary results, % inhibition values of acetic acid induced capillary permeability were determined as Ajuga chamaepitys, Phlomis grandiflora and Bongardia chrysogonum) respectively. AC and PG have higher potent effect on capillary permeability. These two plants are hopeful for vascular diseases. The results will be discussed.

KEYWORDS capillary permeability, acetic acid-induced, phlomis, ajuga, bongardia

Corresponding Author: CEYLAN AKA, akaceylan@gmail.com 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ

1820

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1850

INVESTIGATION OF MACRO AND MICRO MINERAL CONTENT OF SOME MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC HERBS AND IT'S INFUSION 1

TE D

ADEM GÜNEŞ , ERMAN BEYZİ , BAŞAK ORUÇ

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Some of the elements to create organic structures are found in trace amounts, but in some cases they are too large to be toxic or toxic. While the levels of the trace play an important role in the fulfillment of metabolic activites, their deficiencies or toxic amounts are also causing diseases. In this study, crop raw and packaged sage, cumin, nigella and melissa were collected which grow naturally in our country. These herbs’ direct and hot water extraction are analysed to check variations of the element contents (K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, Cu , Fe, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cr, Pb). As a result of the studies done on the plants, the nutrient contents of the plants differed. This study was determined cumin is the highest element content and melissa is the lowest element content in herbs samples. As a result of the examinations, Pb content of toxic element is higher in Cemen plant, Cd content is higher in Cemetery plant. In general, the amount and diversity of macro-micro elements and heavy metals found in medical plants can vary depending on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and climate factors.

Medicinal herbs, macro and micro mineral

Corresponding Author: ADEM GÜNEŞ, ademgunes@erciyes.edu.tr 1 ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ SEYRANİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ TOPRAK BİLİMİ VE BİTKİ BESLEME 2 ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ SEYRANİ ZİRAAT TARLA BİTKİLERİ

1821

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1851

EFFECIENCY OF PROPOLIS EXTRACT-DELIVERY NANOCOMPOSITE SYSTEM ON WOUND CARE 1

TE D

HATICE KÜBRA ARIKAN , HAYRIYE HALE SOLAK

ABSTRACT

Propolis is a strongly adhesive resinous substance collected, transformed and used by bees to seal holes in their honey combs, smoot houtthe internalwalls and protect the entrance against intruders It has a long history of being used in traditional medicine and been reported to have a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibiotic, andantifungalactivities The biological or pharmacological activity is associated with phenolic compounds, mainly with potential antioxidantnamely “flavonoids” andaromaticacids. Flavonoids are frequently used as the main index for product evaluation of propolis. Propolis has recently become popular as a health drink and it claimed to prevent diseases such as dermatological wounds, inflammation, heart disease, diabetes, cancer, etc. Electrospinning is a unique fiber spinning technique of producing nanofibers from a large variety of bulk starting materials in a moderately easy, repeatable and simple fashion.It is a simple and inexpensive process that uses an electric field to control the formation and deposition of nanoormicro-sized polymeric nanofibers from a liquid polymer. Electrospun nanofibrous fabrics with high specific surface area, aspectratio and porosity as a result of random deposition of fibers, couldhave a greatpotential in biomedical applicationssuch as tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery carriers, wound dressings etc. In this study, potential of propolis extract (bee glue) solution based electrospun nanocomposite fabrics as wound dressing were investigated macroscopically in vitro experiments. PVA polymer with different concentrations were dissolved in water at 60 oC and then propolis exract was added into polymer solution. %5 PVA / %5 Propolis sol., %7 PVA / %7 Propolis sol., %9 PVA / %9 Propolis sol., nanocomposite fabrics were produced by electrospinning method over polypropilen nonwoven fabrics. SEM analyses tests were applied for the nanocomposite fabrics as wound dressing. In-vitro experiments showed that antimicrobial effectiveness of bacterial solutions with nanocamposite fabrics were better than those of not including nanocomposite fabrics bacterial solutions. According to investigations nanocomposite fabrics with propolis sol. were provided antimicrobial effect against to gram positive bacteria (S. aureus) and not provided antimicrobial effect against to gram negative bacteria (A baumannii and P. aeruginosa). The results indicated that the electrospun PVA/Propolis extract nanocomposite fabrics as wound dressing provided a good means for wound healing caused by gram positive bacteria.

KEYWORDS Nanocomposite, PVA polymer, propolis, wound dressing

Corresponding Author: HATİCE KÜBRA ARIKAN, haticekubraarikan@yahoo.com 1 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1822

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1852

THE DETERMINATION OF WILD MEDICAL PLANTS GROWING IN ERZURUM AND USE OF THEM AGAINST VARIOUS DISEASES 1

TE D

AKAR KARAKOÇ , SERAP BUZTEPE , EYYUP TELCİ , AYHAN BUZTEPE , ELMAS KARAKOÇ

ABSTRACT

As in whole world, in our country, plants existing in the natural flora for different purposes has been used as a part of traditional cultere from past to today. Plants are of great importance in the prevention and treatment of diseases or the maintenance of health. According to the investigations of World Health Organization, there are approximately 20.000 plants used for medical purposes. Our country also has a rich flora in terms of medicinal plants. Medical plants are widely used by the people in the city of Erzurum located in eastern Anatolia. The aim of present study is to determine which wild medicinal plants growing in Erzurum are used for which illness by the people living in this city. This study was carried out on 73 volunteers, were selected randomly, living in Erzurum. The mean age of they was 41.34 ± 15.23 (mean ± standard deviation). 34 (46.6%) of the participants were women, 39 (53.4%) were men. The data were collected through a questionnaire, also including open-ended questions, prepared by the researchers. it was asked which wild medicinal plants growing in erzurum had been used for which illness by participants. Also, participants' preferences were asked about plants and medicines in order to use in the treatment of diseases. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed for the statistical analysis of data. In this research, 31 different medicinal plants were detected, growing in Erzurum and used against various diseases. The findings of the research showed that the most commonly consumed plants are giant fennel (Ferula communis) (39.7%), Rheum ribes (known as “ışkın" in East Anatolian of Turkey) (19.2%), Nettle herb (Urtica dioica L.) (13.7%), rosehip (Rosa canina L.) (11%), mallow (Malva sylvestris) (9.6%), rumex crispus L. (8.2%). 68.9% of the participants consumed giant fennel herb stated that this plant was used for diabetes mellitus, and 31.1% were used for the treatment of infectious and respiratory diseases, and cancer and hypertension. It was found that the Rheum ribes was used for cancer (42.8%), diabetes mellitus (28.6%), respiratory and gastrointeninal diseases. Nettle herb was used for cancer (40%), respiratory (20%), infectious (20%) and rheumatic (10%) diseases, and diabetes mellitus (10%). All participants using rosehip consumed it against respiratory diseases. The participants stated that they used mallow in the treatment of the infectious, respiratory and gastrointeninal diseases. In addition to, it was determined that rumex crispus L. was commonly used in hemorrhoids treatment (50%). Participants' preferences (plants, medicines or both of them) were asked for the treatment of diseases. The preferences was compared with social security, economic situation, sex, education levels, occupation and age groups (the youngs, adults and the olds). All of the participants who did not have social security preferred to use the plant. No significant difference found between the age groups and the preference, but most of the olds (50%) preferred plants to medicines. There was no significant Corresponding Author: AKAR KARAKOÇ, akarkarakoc@gmail.com 1 VOCATİONAL SCHOOL OF HEALTH SERVİCES, ATATURK UNİVERSİTY 2 MİNİSTRY OF HEALTH 3 MİNİSTRY OF FOOD, AGRİCULTURE AND LİVESTOCK 4 DEPARTMENT OF BİOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, MUGLA SİTKİ KOCMAN UNİVERSİTY, MUGLA,

1823

difference between women and men Äąn terms of preferences, but it was found that most of men (53.8%) preferred using the plants. The results of this research showed that most commonly consumed wild medicinal plants by people living in Erzurum are giant fennel, rheum ribes, Nettle herb, rosehip, mallow, rumex crispus L.. The wild medicinal plants are used, especially, against diabetes, cancer, hemorrhoids, and infectious, respiratory, gastrointestinal and rheumatic diseases. Biological activity studies are needed to understand the effects of these plants on the treatment of these diseases.

KEYWORDS Health, Wild Medicinal plants, Erzurum

1824

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1853

INVESTIGATION OF SOME LAVENDER ESSENTIAL OILS COMPONENTS USING UV, FT-IR AND GC ANALYSIS 1

SEDA KÜLEN , FATMA EROĞLU , SEBLA DİNÇER , MERVE GÜMÜŞSOY

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT In recent years, the value of medical and aromatic plants has increased considerably. The flowers of Lavandulastoechas, which grow in maki areas of Western Anatolia, are used as analgesic and expectorants. English lavender (L.angustifolia) is used as essence. Lavender essential oil samples were analyzed using gas chromatography to determine the levels of camphor, linalool and linalyl acetate which is the criteria of the essential oil quality. The purpose of this study was to determine some spectroscopic and chromatographic properties of essential oils isolated from lavender (L. angustifolia), Lavandula stoechas and lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) harvested in 2016 in Middle Anatolia. The essential oils, isolated by steam distillation, were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), FT-IR and UV. In the FT-IR spectra OH, C=C, C=O and C-O bending and streching peaks were determined. In the UV analyzes, characteristic absorption bands of linalool, linalylacetate and flavanoids, which are important main components of lavander, were observed in the range of 200-270 nm.

KEYWORDS Lavander, essential oil, UV, FTIR

Corresponding Author: FATMA EROĞLU, feroglu@ankara.edu.tr 1 TARLA BİTKİLERİ MERKEZ ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, KALİTE DEĞERLENDİRME VE GIDA BÖLÜMÜ, ANKARA 2 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN FAKÜLTESİ, KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ, ANKARA

1825

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1854

SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS IN SOME THYME SPECIES 1

FATMA EROĞLU , SEDA KÜLEN , SEBLA DİNÇER , MERVE GÜMÜŞSOY

ABSTRACT In many industries such as medicine, food, perfume and cosmetics, essential oils obtained from plants are used as raw materials. Thyme, is an important aromatic and medicinal plant containing an essential oil used widely in medicine and food industry. By the method of water steam distillation of thyme, 2 - 8%, an aromatic oil is obtained. These volatile fats are carvacrol and thymol from monoterpene phenols. Thyme essential oil has important properties such as antispasmodic, antirheumatic, antiseptic, bactericidal, diuretic, expectorant, insecticide etc. The purpose of this study was to determine some spectroscopic and chromatographic properties of essential oils isolated fromThymusvulgaris, Saturejaspicigera and Origanumvulgaresubsp.Gracile, harvested in Middle Anatolia. These essential oils, isolated by water steam distillation, were analyzed by gaschromatography (GC), UV and FT-IR. In the UV analyzes, characteristic absorption bands of carvacrol and thymol, which are important main components of thyme, were observed in the range of 200-275nm. In the FT-IR spectra bending and stretching peaks of phenols are observed.

KEYWORDS Thyme, essential oil,UV, FTIR

Corresponding Author: FATMA EROĞLU, feroglu@ankara.edu.tr 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN FAKÜLTESİ, KİMYA BÖLÜMÜ, ANKARA 2 TARLA BİTKİLERİ MERKEZ ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, KALİTE DEĞERLENDİRME VE GIDA BÖLÜMÜ, ANKARA

1826

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1855

ALTERNATIVE FOR THE FUTURE: NATURAL FOOD COLORS 1

ŞÜKRAN ÇAKIR ARICA , SELDA ÖZ , AYŞE ÖZYILMAZ , SEVIL DEMİRCİ , ABDULLAH ÖKSÜZ

ABSTRACT Color additives are used to color many beverages, foods, and sweets in the world for many reasons. For example, food colors are used by the food and beverages industry to improve the color of the food which is lost while their processing. Many synthesized dyes were easier and less costly to produce and were superior in coloring properties when compared to naturally derived alternatives. These compounds have drawn considerable attention in recent years, not because of their coloring properties, but due to their potential healthpromoting effects. Amounts of artificial food dyes and added sugars in foods and sweets commonly consumed by children. Clinical guidance is given to help caregivers avoid artificial food dyes and reduce the amount of sugars in children’s diets. Based upon many cell-line studies, animal models, and human clinical trials, it has been suggested that many natural food colorants, due to their potent antioxidant property, possess anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activity, cardiovascular disease prevention, obesity control, and diabetes alleviation properties. The food dyes market is segmented based on types which include synthetic and natural colors. Synthetic colors still hold a major share, but natural colorants are the fastest growing segment due to consumer consciousness especially in developed countries. The aim of this study is to draw attention to the value of natural food colors in terms of human health and to highlight Turkey's potential for natural food colorants.

KEYWORDS Color additives, natural food colorants, natural antioxidants

Corresponding Author: ŞÜKRAN ÇAKIR ARICA, sukran.cakir@iste.edu.tr 1 İSKENDERUN TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 3 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1827

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1857

SORPTION OF ANTHOCYANINS FROM HIBISCUS FLOWERS ONTO DIATOMITE FROM AQUOEUS SOLUTION 1

ÖZKAN DEMİRBAŞ , ERDAL TALAŞ

ABSTRACT Anthocyanins are natural colorants found in various colors such as orange, pink, red, violet to blue in the flowers and fruits of the vascular plants in nature. Anthocyanins are harmless and water soluble. Another important feature of anthocyanins is antioxidant activity, which is known to play a vital role in preventing neuronal and cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. The main colorant of the hibiscus flower is cyanidin-3-sophoroside. Diatomite is a silica sedimentary rock formed in the form of an amorphous silica containing a small amount of microcrystalline material in its structure. Considering these properties, in this study, the sorption kinetics or rates of the main colorants of hibiscus flowers to the diatomite surface in aqueous solutions was investigated. The determination of sorption, adsorption or desorption kinetics or rates is very important for elucidating the mechanism of these phenomenon. For this purpose, a series of experiments were carried out in order to better explain the mechanism of the sorption of the cyanidin-3-sophoroside molecule to the diatomite surface. The constants of the pseudo first and second order kinetics equations are calculated with the experimental data. Mass and intra-particle diffusion constants are also determined. Dried hibiscus flowers and diatomite particles used in the experiments were grounded and sieved to have a particle size below 50 micrometres. UV-Vis spectra of hibiscus flowers in different masses in aqueous solutions were as follows. The maximum wavelength, λmax, from the graph is 520 nm for aqueous solutions containing hibiscus flowers. A linear relationship was observed between the hibiscus mass in the solution and the absorbance values of the solution at 520 nm. Thus, quantitative analysis has also been done in this study. Experimental studies were carried out with various parameters. These are solution temperature, time, equilibrium pH of solution and the mass and particle size of the hibiscus flowers and diatomite in solution. As a result of the experimental studies, no effect of the contact time on the sorption was determined. However, increasing pH and solution temperature increase sorption rate, while particle size decreases. In addition, the particles were characterized by FTIR-ATR, SEM and BET surface area measurements and TG analyzes.

KEYWORDS Sorption, hibiscus flowers, diatomite, anthocyanins, kinetics

Corresponding Author: ÖZKAN DEMİRBAŞ, ozkandemirbas@gmail.com 1 BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1828

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1858

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT SAGE(SALVIA OFFICINALIS) 1

AYŞE AKAN , FATMA EBRU KOÇ , ÇAĞLAR KULU

ABSTRACT Sage (Salvia Officinalis) is a 50-100 cm high, purplish blue flowering, simple leafy, perennial and bitter plant. It grows on mountain slopes, is widely cultured. 1-2.5% contains essential oil, tannins and bitter substances. They’re very rich in phenols, flavonoids and flavonols. The so-called "apple oil" or "bitter apple oil" is also produced from Anatolian sage. Sage is widely used for cold due to antiinflammatory, antimicrobial effect1,2 In this study, the sage plant collected from the Mediterranean region was extracted with different solvents and methods, and the yields were compared. The quantities of rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid and carnosol, which are responsible for the antioxidant capacity of the sage plant, were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by an HPLC device; The volatile oils in the extract were determined by GC-MS instrument and the total phenol content in terms of gallic acid in UV-VIS spectrophotometer was also examined. For this purpose, 70 mesh sieves were sieved after the sage plant was treated. Maceration were done for sages at 45 ° C with 70% ethyl alcohol in varying ratios (1: 6) and time (3; 6; 8; 10 hours); 100% methanol and 100% ethanol extractions; Soxhlet extraction efficiencies were compared. The proportions of rosmarinic acid and the amounts of carnosic acid and carnosol were analyzed in the extracted at UV detector and 280 nm wavelength by a Thermo Scientific Ulimate HPLC instrument. As a result of the experiments, a maceration method with 70% ethanol with 25% extraction yield was chosen. As a result of calculations on the standard graphic of rosmarinic acid in analytical standards,; It was determined that 7.45 mg "rosmarinic acid"; 3,42 mg “carnosol + carnosic acid” in gram 70% ethanol extract of sage; Volatile components of the ethanol extract were detected on the Agilent brand GC-MS; The extract was found to contain high levels of cineol, camphor, borneol components.

KEYWORDS Sage(Salvia Officinalis), Extract, HPLC.

Corresponding Author: AYŞE AKAN, ayse.akan@aksuvital.com.tr 1 AKSUVİTAL AR-GE MERKEZİ

1829

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1859

KINETICS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN SILICA SURFACES AND ANTHOCYANINS FROM HIBISCUS FLOWERS 1

ÖZKAN DEMİRBAŞ , ASLIHAN RÜMEYSA TEMİZ

ABSTRACT Anthocyanins occur in all tissues of higher plants, including leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits. Anthocyanins are glycosides of anthocyanidins, the basic chemical structure was given in Figure 1a. Cyanidin-3-sophoroside, the main colorant of the hibiscus flower, is also an anthocyanin. Despite the great potential of applications that anthocyanins represent for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, their use has been limited because of their relative instability and low extraction percentages. Their use in textile is negligible as they lack affinity for the fiber and cannot sustain washing. Currently, most investigators are engaged in solving the problems that are associated with isolation and stability of anthocyanins, their purification, identification and their end uses. For this purpose, in this study, the sorption kinetics of the cyanidin-3-sophoroside molecule, main colorants of hibiscus flowers, to the silica surface in aqueous solutions was investigated. Dried hibiscus flowers and silica particles used in the experiments were grounded and sieved to have a particle size below 50 micrometres. UV-Vis spectra of hibiscus flowers in different temperature in aqueous solutions were given in Fig. 1b. The maximum wavelength, λmax, from the graph is 520 nm for aqueous solutions containing hibiscus flowers. Experimental studies were carried out with various parameters. These are solution temperature, time, equilibrium pH of solution and the mass and particle size of the hibiscus flowers and silica in solution. As a result of the experimental studies, no effect of the contact time on the sorption was determined. However, increasing pH and solution temperature increase sorption rate, while particle size decreases. The constants of the pseudo first and second order kinetics equations are also calculated with the experimental data. Mass and intra-particle diffusion constants are also determined. In addition, the particles were characterized by FTIR-ATR, SEM and BET surface area measurements and TG analyses.

KEYWORDS Sorption, hibiscus flowers, silica, anthocyanins, kinetics

Corresponding Author: ÖZKAN DEMİRBAŞ, ozkandemirbas@gmail.com 1 BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1830

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1861

RATIONAL USE OF MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS ŞADUMAN KARACA

TE D

ABSTRACT

Throughout the history of mankind, plants are known not only for food but also for longlasting medical use as the data gathered from many archaeological excavations suggest. "Today, more than 375,000 plants have been identified in the world, but it is registered in the literature that only about 20,000 of them have been utilized by the people. “A large proportion of the vast majority of plants make up the medical and aromatic plant group "(Ceylan, 1996). Today, medical and aromatic plants (TAB) are generally grouped as spice, cosmetics, paint, pleasure, aromatherapy and phytotherapeutic use. Within the framework of this presentation, TAB will only cover medical plants, therefore plants that are included in field of therapy (phytotherapy). The fact that most of the world's diseases can not be treated and even diseases becoming more complicated from day to day for the last 20-30 years, has been engaging health institutions and individuals not only in our country but all over the world. In parallel with advancing technology, the emphasis on human health increases day by day, and the desperation against illnesses is also worrying. While alternatives are being sought for the treatment of diseases all over the world, the past treatment methods have come to the fore as a remedy for today's health problems. Phytotherapy stands for Plant Therapy, so it is useful to emphasize the rationality of plant drugs prepared for therapeutic purposes, because if the plant drug is not salutiferous, the disease process will further progress and even new diseases will be created involuntarily rather than healing it. Thus, since the Hippocrates, the physician has acted on the rationale of "Do not harm human beings first", which is the main rule. The second important step in the rational use of medical plants is the competence of the person who is practicing this profession. Here, it is essential to have a basic medical knowledge consisting primarily of the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the human organism. With this knowledge, a physician does not yet have a qualification to treat with plants. It also requires the healing knowledge of plants, which requires a thorough education. Only by integrating the knowledge of both of them, the physician will initiate a rational, healthy and long-term treatment process by taking the subject as an individual and applying a holistic treatment of the diseases as much as possible. The planned presentation is intended to present both the ideal criteria for plant drugs to the treatment practitioners in a rational way, as well as the rules that the specialists who will be practicing with plant drugs should pay attention to in the ideal environment, especially through the case of Germany, the country where this profession is applied in the most advanced stance through legal regulations and practices.

KEYWORDS PHYTOTHERAPY, RATIONAL USE OF MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS

Corresponding Author: ŞADUMAN KARACA, karacasaduman@hotmail.com 1 ÜSKÜDAR ÜNIVERSİTESİ

1831

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1862

THE İMPORTANCE OF SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS TINCTORIOUS L.) AS A MEDICINAL PLANT, REGARDING IT’S ACTIVE SUBSTANCES 1

FATIH SEYIS , EMINE YURTERI , AYSEL ÖZCAN

ABSTRACT More than 200 components are isolated from different parts (leave, flower and seed) up to now. The most known components are: flavanoids, phenylethanoids, cumarins, fatty acids, steroids and polisaccarides.7 seretonin derivatives were isolated from safflower oil. The main components of safflower flowers is carthamin, an important flavanoid glycosides. İts flowers contains also arthamidin, isocarthamidin, quercetin, kaempferol,6-hydroxykaempferol and its glikosides and hydroxysafflor yellow A, safflor yellow A, safflamin C, safflamin A, safflomin-A. Also lauric, miristic, palmitic, linoleic, arachidic and flavon luteolin and luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and luteolin-7-O-(6''-O-acetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside are presents in Carthamus tinctorius flowers. Nikotiflorin, are present as an natural flavanoid in in the petals of C. tinctorius. An seconder metabolite, alkan-1,3-diols, was isolated from dried petals of safflower. The main essential oil componenrs of safflower flowers were determined as Caryophyllene, p-allyltoluene,1-acetoxytetralin and heneicosane. An new quinokalkon C-glikoside, tinctormine was determined in safflower. The potentail use of safflower in phytotherapy and developments in its use as healing agent was discussed in detail. İt was determined that safflower has antioksidant, analgezic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotektic ve antihperlipidemic activities.

KEYWORDS safflower, medicinal plant, active substances

Corresponding Author: EMİNE YURTERİ, emine.yurteri@erdogan.edu.tr 1 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1832

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1863

CHEMICAL CONTENT AND IMPORTANCE FOR COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE OF TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS L.) 1

AYSEL ÖZCAN , EMINE YURTERI , YUSUF ŞAVŞATLI ŞAVŞATLI , FATIH SEYIS

ABSTRACT Tea belongs to the genus Camellia, family Theaceae, division Angiospermae in the plant kingdom. There are types with bushy forms as well as the single-stem types in cultivated types of tea plant. This plant is everygreen and the most valuable and most consumed drink after the water in all over the world. Tea produced from cultivated forms of the species Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze can be obtained from the terminal bud and fresh leaves under this terminal bud forming at the tip of the young shoots on the cultivated plant. The black tea most consumed between processed tea products is obtained by withering, curling, oxidation, drying, classification and packaging processes of these fresh and non-fibber leaves. Four tea types can be obtained from plant: green tea, white tea, oolong tea and black tea. These tea yypes have medicinal and therapeutic effects in terms of their chemical compositions. The widely produced and traded tea types contain protein, carbohydrates, oils, polysaccharides, vitamins and minerals, caffeine, quercetin, kaempferol, flavonoids (catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate), gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, tanen and and amino acid (total of 19 including theanine) in their structures. It has protective effects against coronary heart diseases, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, obesity, hypertension, arthritis, viral and inflammatory diseases and effects regulating to bone density due to its high antioxidant properties and chemical content. In this review, the bioactive substances in various tea types obtained from tea plants which is medically important and the importance of complementary medicine of these substances are discussed in detail.

KEYWORDS Tea, complementary medicine, chemical composition

Corresponding Author: AYSEL ÖZCAN, aysel.ozcan@erdogan.edu.tr 1 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1833

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1865

THE MULTIPLICATION OF ORIGANUM SPP. COLLECTED FROM RIZE HIGHLANDS WITH SEED AND PERLITE 1

FATIH SEYIS , EMINE YURTERI , KUDRET KEVSEROĞLU , AYSEL ÖZCAN

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the multiplication potential using seeds and cuttings of Origanum spp. collected from the highlands of Rize. Cuttings were obtained from material collected from nature and cuttings were cutted from the 2nd and 3rd node and were implemented with 1000 ppm and 1500 ppm IBA for 1 min and transferred to peat containing perlite. Seed were directly transferred to peat containg soil and the results showed us that success rate was 25 % in seed multiplication and 80% in multiplication with cuttings at 1000 ppm and 40 % in multiplication with cuttings at 1500 ppm..

KEYWORDS Origanum, multiplication, perlite

Corresponding Author: FATİH SEYİS, fatih.seyis@erdogan.edu.tr 1 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1834

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1866

MEDICINAL İMPORTANCE OF WHITE TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS L.) 1

TE D

EMINE YURTERI , FATIH SEYIS , AYSEL ÖZCAN , YUSUF ŞAVŞATLI

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

It is possible to say that tea is the most consumed drink on the World after water. Specially şf Turkish tea is mentioned it has to be considered that tea takes it place at breakfast as well as in 5 o clock service and also after meal as an irrepşlceable part of our culture. Tea is nowadays grouped acccordşing to its fermentation level as green and white (not fermented), partially poisoning (fermented) and oolong tea in three groups. The surplus or rarity of phemolic compounds in tea shows variation depending besides genotype/environment on cultivation package and on the process technology up to the last stage where tea is packaged. With the increase in number of processes in tea processing an increase in a and thearubigins and an decrease in the catechin group is given. The importance of unprocessed white tea is rising because of its high catechin content compared with other teas. Poliphenols, specially catechin derivatives are strong antioxidant agents anda have explicit characteristics like oxidative stress inhibition and clenaing free radicals. İt is well known that oxidatiev damages are the reasons of diseases arising with develepment of industry in the last years and it is also known that these damages are causing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neural crest damage and cancer in humans. Therefore, these antioxidants present in white tea are preventing the initiation or development o these diseases where endogenous defences are insufficient against reactive species.

White tea, health, medicine

Corresponding Author: FATİH SEYİS, fatih.seyis@erdogan.edu.tr 1 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1835

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1870

RESEARCH SOME OF QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND DRUG YIELD OF CULTURED MİNT(MENTHA PIPERITA L.) 1

AYŞE SOLUK , YUKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT This research has been conducted under Konya ecological conditions to determine the effect on yıeld and quality some characters of nitrogen fertilizers applied at the different doses of Mentha piperita in Medicinal Aromatic Plants laboratory and Medicinal and Aromatic plants Experimental Farm of Agriculture Faculty, Selcuk Universty. Experiment was designed and applied in randomized complete plot design with three replications in the year of 2012-2013. According to results of this researh; plant height 31.50-48.50 cm, plants, drug herba yield 307,8-949,0 kg / da, essential oil yield 1.7-2.3 % and major essential oil component (mentol) was varried between 28.06 and 34.29 %. for M. piperita . According to the results of this research; The highest drug yield and essential oil yield for mint in Konya and similar ecology 10 kg/da nitrogen fertizer application is reasonabled.

KEYWORDS M. piperita, fertilizer, essential oil, menthol

Corresponding Author: AYŞE SOLUK, aysesoluk0@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1836

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1871

DETERMINATION OF OPPORTUNITY TO USE AND HABIT OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN ORDU PROVINCE (TURKEY) 1

MERYEM YEŞIL , EMEL KARACA ÖNER , MEHMET MUHARREM ÖZCAN , AYŞEGÜL KIRLI

ABSTRACT In this research, it is aimed to show the opportunity of usage of medical plants and consumption habits which the concentration of most of the consumption in which medicinal plants of the people living in the province of Ordu. In this regard, such a comprehensive study has not been found before in the provinces and districts of Ordu. In the study, the questions to be asked in the questionnaire were carefully selected and the questionnaire survey was completed with face to face interviews with 310 people in the Ordu center and districts.It was applied to people aged 18 years and over by convenience sampling. The obtained data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods and the habit of using medical plants by the people living in Ordu provinces, the most used medical plants, the use of medical plants in the treatment of diseases and answering questions such as if they are used, which diseases are used most frequently?.According to the results of the research, medicinal plant use which has been determined to be the most used medical and aromatic plant in the province of Ordu as mint, thyme, sage, lime and garlic and has emerged medicinal plant use has been complained as diseases such as colds, digestive system disorders, sedatives, sinusitis / migraine, blood pressure regulator. The vast majority of respondents indicated that they use medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases, and also the second place is to treat both illnesses and maintain health. Also for the question ‘where do you get the medical plants from?’ mostly the choice is ‘pick up myself from the herbalist and nature’ .

KEYWORDS Medicinal plants, usage habits, species, diseases, questionnaire

Corresponding Author: MEHMET MUHARREM ÖZCAN, mehmetmuharrem@gmail.com 1 ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1837

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1880

RESEARCH SOME OF QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND DRUG YIELD OF CULTURED MİNT(MENTHA SPICATA L.) 1

AYSE SOLUK , YUKSEL KAN

ABSTRACT This research has been conducted under Konya ecological conditions to determine the effect on yıeld and quality some characters of nitrogen fertilizers applied at the different doses of Mentha spicata in Medicinal Aromatic Plants laboratory and Medicinal and Aromatic plants Experimental Farm of Agriculture Faculty, Selcuk Universty. Experiment was designed and applied in randomized complete plot design with three replications in the year of 2012-2013. According to results of this researh; plant height 43.88-64.36 cm, drug herba yield 479,6-1283.00 kg / da, essential oil yield 1.42.0 % and major essential oil component (carvon) was varried between 49.70 and 61.50 % for M. spicata. According to the results of this research; The highest drug yield and essential oil yield for mint in Konya and similar ecology 10 kg/da nitrogen fertizer application is reasonabled.

KEYWORDS M. spicata, fertilizer, essential oil, carvone

Corresponding Author: AYSE SOLUK, aysesoluk0@gmail.com 1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1838

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1890

ANTIFUNGAL EFFECTS OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF CUMIN, LAUREL AND THYME AGAINST MYCOGENE PERNICIOSA, A CAUSAL AGENT OF WET BUBBLE DISEASE ON CULTIVATED MUSHROOM AGARICUS BISPORUS (LANGE) SING. 1

ESIN BASIM , HÜSEYIN BASIM

ABSTRACT The essential oils of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) and thyme (Thymbra spicata L.), which are consumed as spices were tested in vitro for their antifungal effects against Mycogene perniciosa, a causal agent of wet bubble disease of the cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing.). Antifungal effects of the different doses investigated in vitro for inhibition effect on mycelial growth of the M. pernisiosa. The sterile deionized water was used as a control. The 5 mm diameter disc taken with cork-borer from colony side of the 7-days pathogen fungus was placed on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. The different doses of the essential oils were placed the middle of the petri dish cover.The petri dishes were wrapped by parafilm as well as the petri dishes were reversed in position and incubated at 270C. The even lower doses of Thyme oil showed 100% antifungal effect on M. perniciosa mycelial growth. The antifungal effects of the cumin and laurel on M. perniciosa were different according to the doses of the essential oils used. The cumin, laurel and thyme,essential oils have potential to be used as natural agents for controlling wet bubble disease pathogen, M. pernisiosa. A practical use of the essential oils needs to be completed future detailed works on direct cultivated mushrooms. This is a first report of antifungal activities of the cumin, laurel and thyme oils against M. pernisiosa.

KEYWORDS : Agaricus bisporus, Mycogene perniciosa, Cumin Oil, Laurel Oil, Thyme Oil, Wet Bubble Disease

Corresponding Author: ESİN BASIM, ebasim@yahoo.com 1 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1839

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1891

ASSESMENT OF Α-AMYLASE, Α-GLUCOSIDASE, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ALCEA BIENNIS, ARUM DIOSCORIDIS AND GERANIUM LUCIDUM 1

HASYA NAZLI EKİN , DİDEM DELİORMAN ORHAN , İLKAY ERDOĞAN ORHAN , MUSTAFA ASLAN

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a growing health problem worldwide causing severe and costly complications including blindness, cardiac and kidney diseases and increases the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. The high glucose level of diabetic patients is the most important factor for the increased formation of free radicals such as superoxide which causes oxidative damage. It is considered that insulin signalling dysregulation is important contributing factors in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. The aim of the study is to determine antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-alzheimer effect of Alcea biennis, Arum dioscoridis and Geranium lucidum α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition methods were used to examine antidiabetic activity of 80% ethanol extracts of the plants. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition methods were used to determine antialzheimer activity. DPPH and DMPD radical scavenging, metal-chelation, ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were utilized for screening of antioxidant activity. Total flavonoid and phenolic content of the extracts were calculated. Among the tested extracts G. lucidum extract (95.05±0.77%) displayed the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. All of the extracts were inactive against AChE. All plant extracts displayed lower inhibition than 50% inhibition against AChE and BChE. G. lucidum extract (1.4042±0.072) showed high FRAP activity. Our findings indicated that G. lucidum contains potential compounds having selective α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and our work is in progress to identify their active components.

KEYWORDS Alzheimer, Antioxidant, Diabetes, Alcea biennis, Arum dioscoridis, Geranium lucidum

Corresponding Author: HASYA NAZLI EKİN, hasyaekin@gmail.com 1 GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1840

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1892

HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT AND PHENOLIC PROFILE OF THE POLLEN ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PINUS BRUTIA TEN. 1

HASYA NAZLI EKİN , HİNA GUL , MUHAMMAD GULFRAZ , NİLGÜN ÖZTÜRK , İLKAY ERDOĞAN ORHAN

ABSTRACT The genus Pinus L. belongs to the family Pinaceae. Pinus brutia Ten. has the widest distribution area in Turkey. The pollens from P. brutia are used internally to enhance body resistance in recent years. In this study, hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic pollen extract (80 %) of P. Brutia, which is known to use againt hepatic disorders in some parts of Turkey was administrated by gavage to CCl4-induced Swiss albino mice at various doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg). The effects on triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and cholesterol levels as well as on liver marker enzymes, e.g. alanineaminotransferase (ALT), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin, RBC, WBC as well as platelet level of mice were investaged. The extract caused a signiﬁcant decrease on triglyceride, HDL and LDL cholesterol, liver enzymes, and protein level compared with the CCl4 group (p<0.05). Blood cells were improved with the extract level compared with the CCl4 group (p<0.05). These ﬁndings were further approved by histopathological observations of liver cells of mice and it was expected that restoration of these parameters might be due to presence of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, the phenolic profile of the pollen ethanol extract was determined. In conclusion, traditional use of P. brutia pollens against hepatic disorders has been confirmed in vivo.

KEYWORDS Pinus brutia, Hepatoprotective

Corresponding Author: HASYA NAZLI EKİN, hasyaekin@gmail.com 1 GAZİ UNIVERSITY 2 QUAİD-AZAM UNIVERSITY 3 COMSATS 4 ANADOLU UNIVERSITY

1841

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1900

USES OF MEDICAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN LANDSCAPE RESTORATION WORKS 1

TE D

HÜSEYIN ŞAHIN , MURAT ERTEKIN

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

In the 21. century, rapidly developing technology and industrialization, as being a parallel with this development, the raw metariel need is increasing constantly. So, made a big production to meet this raw metarial is caused increasing of mining areas. The mining operation that can be made large production is the open pit operation. In this study, the effects of open pit operation to natural area is examined and explained how to apply of landscape repair for activity of finished areas. In this context, operated in order to make a production of sand + clay and after that in the landscape restoration of the sample area is explored by Sile Forest Management Directorate in the area of Saritas Ridge in Yesilvadi Village which is connect to Sile, Istanbul. The most important point of chosen this area, to be a sample application to the landscape restoration works in the future for our country in order to landscape restoration to the field, as planting the medicinal plants, aromatic plants and as well as stone pine. The datas of the measured characters of planted types are evaluated in the SPSS Statistical Program.

Mining, planting , medical and aromatic plants, geographic information system, landscape restoration

Corresponding Author: MURAT ERTEKİN, mertekin@konya.edu.tr 1 2

NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR FAKÜLTESİ

1842

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1901

NEW TECHNIQUES IN PROPAGATION AND BREEDING OF BAY LAUREL (LAURUS NOBILIS L.) 1

TE D

MURAT ERTEKIN

ABSTRACT

An investigation was carried out to consider the effect of polystimulins (PS), gibberellic acid (GA3) and stratification date on the growth of laurel seedlings. A total of 1200 seed treated with PSA6+ PS-K and GA3 at two different concentrations before stratified, and a total of 315 seedling were investigated taking account of height, collar diameter, root length and number of leaves. To conclude, it is obvious that hormone application is very effective and has contributed significantly to the metabolism of laurel seedlings. According to this study, the application of GA3 to laurel seedlings has been recommended for practical use in nursery situations.

KEYWORDS

Laurus nobilis, Seed, Seedling, Germination, Pre-sowing Treatment

Corresponding Author: MURAT ERTEKİN, mertekin@konya.edu.tr 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR FAKÜLTESİ

1843

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1902

EFFECTIVE METHODS ON DORMANCY BREAKING OF SEEDS OF AILANTHUS ALTISSIMA (MILL.) SWINGLE 1

TE D

ÖMER LÜTFÜ ÇORBACI , MURAT ERTEKIN

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted in an attempt to break dormancy and thus enhance germination of tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) seeds. The another aim is to bring new proposals to uses for environmental design. Prior to sowing, seeds were treated as follows: (i) cold stratification of seeds at 4°C for 30 and 60 days; (ii) soaking in 500 mg/l polystimulin (PS-A6+ PS-K), gibberellic acid (GA3), or benzylaminopurine (BAP) for 24 h and stratification for 30 days; or (iii) soaking in 100 ml/l effective microorganisms (EM 1), 5000 mg/l PS-A6+ PS-K, GA3 and BAP for 72 h, followed by stratification for 45 days.

KEYWORDS

Tree of heaven, dormancy, seed, pre-sowing treatment, ornamental plant

Corresponding Author: ÖMER LÜTFÜ ÇORBACI, omerlutfucorbaci@hotmail.com 1 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR, TASARIM VE MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ 2 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR FAKÜLTESİ

1844

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1903

ALLERGENIC PLANTS OF ANKARA, TURKEY 1

CENNET TEKIN CÜRE , ÖMER LÜTFÜ ÇORBACI , MURAT ERTEKIN

TE D

ABSTRACT

In this study, allergen-bearing species in parks and green areas in Ankara city center are mentioned. While plant types mentioned; it was evaluated separately as broad-leaved trees, handed trees and trees, broad-leaved trees, climbers and climbers, perennials and seasonal flowers. The evaluations provided detailed information about the general characteristics of the plant, flowering times, fruit formation, allergenicity, ecological requirements, and whether the species is domestic or foreign.

KEYWORDS

Allergy, Allergenic plant, Pollen, Community health, Landscape

Corresponding Author: MURAT ERTEKİN, mertekin@konya.edu.tr 1 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI BÖLÜMÜ 2 RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR, TASARIM VE MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ 3 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR FAKÜLTESİ

1845

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1910

EFFECTS OF ADDITION OF TEREBINTH, SESAME AND FLAXSEED FLOUR TO BISCUIT FORMULATION ON THE QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF THE BISCUIT 1

AYŞENUR USLU , NILGÜN ERTAŞ

ABSTRACT Shelf life is an important quality parameter in biscuits. One of the criteria that determines the shelf life is lipid oxidation. During the oxidation of the lipids in foods, the bad taste and smell that occurs as a result of the reaction. In recent years some researches asserted that oxidation products could be serious threat to health. Some of these compounds even have a carcinogenic effect. For this reason, the addition of natural antioxidant compounds to prevent lipid oxidation is mentioned by the researchers. Terebinth, flaxseed, sesame seeds are rich in antioxidants. Terebinth contain important minerals and vitamins, such as B and E vitamins, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, zinc, manganese, copper, cadmium and selenium. Sesame seeds have a strong antioxidants such as sesamol, sesamin, sterols and E vitamin. The oils obtained from of sesame seeds, show a considerable antioxidant effect according to the amount of tocopherols present in the sesame seeds. Flaxseed is an important herbal source of health beneficial compounds. The lignan in flaxseed contains has antioxidant properties. The flaxseed, rich in α-linolenic acid and good quality protein, is also a natural source of phytochemicals such as flavonoid, lignan and phenolic acids. Flaxseed is generally classified as "functional food", "bioactive food" and / or "endocrine active food". In order to increase the shelf life and improve the quality of the biscuits, terebinth, sesame and flaxseed flour added to biscuit formulations. In this study, the physical properties (Diameter thickness, spread ratio), chemical properties (moisture, ash, protein), nutritional properties (phytic acid, total amount of phenolic substance, mineral substance), and shelf life properties (PH, determination of induction times, determination of peroxide) were determined in biscuits enriched with terebinth, sesame and flaxseed flour.

KEYWORDS Biscuit, terebinth, sesame seeds, flaxseed, antioxidant

Corresponding Author: NİLGÜN ERTAŞ, dr.nilgunertas@gmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1846

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1911

BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM ESCULENTUM MOENCH) IN HEALTH IMPORTANCE AND FEATURES AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD 1

EMINE FAYDAOĞLU , MEHMET REFIK YÜCEL

ABSTRACT In this study, the relation of buckwheat to health is evaluated and its features as a functional food will be emphasized. The buckwheat plant has a significant positive effect on health with its naturally occurring components. It is also an important food product for celiac patients because it does not include gluten. Being a functional food, it can be used as raw material in many food items or it can only be consumed as cooked. The phenolic materials, antioxidants and fiber components increase the functional properties and nutritional value of the food which the buckwheat is added. In bread technology and in the production of baked goods, some problems such as low bread volume and hardness are caused. Allergen proteins have been studied which limit the use of buckwheat by enzymatic route or by fermentation.

KEYWORDS Buckwheat, gluten-free goods, health, functional foods.

Corresponding Author: EMİNE FAYDAOĞLU, eminefaydaoglu@gmail.com 1 ORMAN VE SU İŞLERİ BAKANLIĞI, SU YÖNETİMİ GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ 2 ÖTE DANIŞMANLIK ÖNGÖRÜ AR-GE EĞİTİM TİCARET İTHALAT İHRACAT

1847

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1912

DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT CONTENT OF TURKISH PINE (PINUS BRUTIA TEN.) PEEL EXTRACT 1

PELIN EROĞLU , GÖKTÜRK AVŞAR , ALI OSMAN ADIGÜZEL , RUKEN ESRA DEMIRDÖĞEN , FATIH MEHMET 4 5 1 1 EMEN , TUNCAY YEŞILKAYNAK , DERYA YÜKSEL , BARIŞ SAÇLI

ABSTRACT Turkey has the highest Turkish pine tree population. Turkish pine, which is such widely spread, is used in forestry industry. Generally plant phenolics constitute natural antioxidant resources. Pine peel extract is rich in polyphenols. Antioxidants effectively fight against free radicals and prevent the damage to the cells. Moreover, Turkish pine peel extract contains a polyphenol called oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC) besides these compounds, which are very precious for human health. Data indicate that OPC has very important effects on our health. It is believed that processing Turkish pine peels would provide great health benefits especially for preventing cancer. Besides this Turkish pine peels, which offers a great potential as raw material for us, would also make it possible to provide added value to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sector. In this study, determination of antioxidant and antibacterial content of the extract, which would be obtained from Turkish pine peels, was targeted. Turkish pine peels are ground. The powder thus obtained was extracted for 6 hours in a soxhelet extractor. It was determined that the ethanol extract of Turkish pine showed more than 50% inhibition in a concentration range between 1-10 mg/mL. However, it was determined that the radical scavenging effect of Turkish pine extract decreased as the concentration increases. Nevertheless, it was observed that this decrease was at a low ratio. When incubation periods are considered an inhibition above 50% was observed in 30 minutes at all concentrations. It was determined that according to this the concentration at which the radical scavenging effect would be the maximum is 1mg/mL.

KEYWORDS Antioxidants, proanthocyanidin, pinus brutia ten, Turkish pine tree

Corresponding Author: GÖKTÜRK AVŞAR, gokturkavsar@yahoo.com 1 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND LETTERS FACULTY, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT 2 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND LETTERS FACULTY, BİOLOGY DEPARTMENT 3 ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT 4 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND LETTERS FACULTY, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT 5 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM UNİVERSİTY, AFŞİN VOCATİONAL SCHOOL

1848

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1915

HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF PSEUDO-CEREAL 1

ELIF ÖNCEL , MUSTAFA KÜRŞAT DEMİR

ABSTRACT HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF PSEUDO-CEREAL Elif ÖNCEL, M. Kürşat DEMİR Cereals and cereal products constitute a large part of our daily diet. However, cereal-like products are at the forefront, as common grains contain gluten protein and people with celiac disease should not consume gluten-containing foods. Pseudo-cereals in this context (quinoa, buckwheat and amaranth) are a good alternative due to gluten-free and high nutritional values. In addition to being a good source of protein, pseudo-cereals with balanced amino acid content also possess antioxidant properties. Quinoa, buckwheat and amaranth are a good source of vitamin-E and are thought to potentially have cholesterol-lowering properties with these characteristic. In recent years clinical studies have shown that amaranth as well as being an alternative to celiac disease, have also anticarcinogenic, antiallergic, antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering properties due to anti-tumoral peptides such as lunasin and some other components. Buckwheat also has important phenolic components. Rutine in its content, which can be seen as a good cardiovascular drug for the treatment of disorder, are diglucosides flavanols. Rutine also reduces high blood pressure and prevents hemorrhagic diseases. On the other hand, polyphenols contained in quinoa have a great importance due to antioxidative and potential anticarcinogenic effect, which suggests the possibility of strengthening the immune system against cancer. In this review; the phenolic and antioxidative properties of quinoa, buckwheat and amaranth which have both balanced amino acid content and significant phenolic components have been mentioned.

KEYWORDS Pseudo-cereal, Amaranth, Buckwheat, Quinoa

Corresponding Author: ELİF ÖNCEL, e.oncell@hotmail.com 1 NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ GIDA MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANA BİLİM DALI

1849

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1921

PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND BIOACTIVITY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM CEPHALARIA TUTELIANA 1

MERVE DAĞLI , SUHEYLA KIRMIZIGÜL , NAZLI SARIKAHYA

ABSTRACT Natural products are the source of numerous therapeutic agents. Recent progress to discover drugs from natural sources has resulted in compounds that are being developed to treat cancer, resistant bacteria, viruses and disorders [1]. Cephalaria genus which is belonging to Caprifoliaceae family has 94 species in Turkey. These species are widely spread out in Mediterranean Region [2]. Triterpenoid metabolites are the major class of this genus as well as iridoid, flavonoid, lignan glycosides and alkaloids. Cephalaria species have also many biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities [3-7]. Considering this knowledge, our purpose is to isolate the seconder metabolic components from Cephalaria tuteliana which is an endemic plant collected from Istanbul-Turkey. The isolation and purification studies on n-BuOH fraction of C. tuteliana were performed by chromatographic (CC, TLC, VLC, MPLC) and chemical methods. Structures of the isolated natural compounds were determined with the help of different spectroscopic techniques (IR, 1D-, 2D-NMR, MS, HRMS, GC-MS). The potential biological activities of these natural compounds were also investigated. References 1. Ikan, R. Naturally occurring glycosides, Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, (1999). 2. Kus, S., Gokturk, R.S., 2005. Nordic J. Bot., 23:27-430. 3. Sarikahya, N.B., Kirmizigul, S., 2010. J. Nat. Prod., 73:825-830. 4. Tabatadze, N., Elias, R., Faure, R., DePauw-Gillet, M., Kemertelidze, E., Chea, A., Ollivier, E., 2007. Chem. Pharm.Bullet., 55:102-105. 5. Kirmizigul, S., Boke, N., Sumbul, H., Gokturk, R.S., Arda, N., 2007. Pure App. Chem., 79:2297-2304. 6. Zviadadze, L.D., Dekanosidze, G.E., Dzhikiya, O.D., Kemertelidze, E.P., 1983. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1:46. 7. Yazicioglu, T., 1978. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 55:412.

KEYWORDS Cephalaria tuteliana, triterpene sapoin, iridoid, bioactivity

Corresponding Author: NAZLİ SARIKAHYA, nazli.sarikahya@ege.edu.tr 1 EGE UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT

1850

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1922

SYNTHESIS OF GYPSOGENIN-CHALCONE HYBRID COMPOUNDS 1

SAFIYE EMIRDAĞ-ÖZTÜRK , N. GÖKÇE ULUSOY , NURAN KAHRIMAN , VILDAN SERDAROĞLU , NURETTIN 2 YAYLI

ABSTRACT Gypsogenin aglycone (3-Hydroxy-23-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid), a natural saponin, is isolated from many plants belonging to carnations family (Caryophyllaceae). Gypsogenin with the pentacyclic triterpenic structure is a natural compound. It is well know that gypsogenin aglycone with sugar chains has shown a variety of biological properties such as antiviral, antitumor, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant and anti-cancer. However the gypsogenin aglycone that obtained from water extract of Gypsophila arrostii roots. Water used in making the halvah, is obtained from boiling water of Gypsophila arrosti plant roots. are obtained by boiling water. On the other hand, chalcones are natural aglycone compounds which display a wide range of biological activities, such as anticancer, antimitotic, antiinﬂammatory, antituberculosis, antimalarial, antileishmanial, nitric oxide regulation modulatory, cardiovascular, and antihyperglycemic, activities. when a biodynamic heterocyclic system was combined with another, obtained natural products are the most challenging class of compounds for the total synthesis, due to their structural diversity and complexity as well as the interesting biological activity. Therefore, we designed and synthesized new gypsogenin-chalcone hybrid compounds in this study. Firstly, Gypso-Anhd compound was synthesized by substation reactions involving acetylation at C-3 in gypsogenin aglycone. Nevertheless, methoxy substituted chalcones were synthesized. Then, in the third step of the study, Gypso-Anhd compound was combined with chalcone derivatives by using DCC/DMAP in DCM. Up to now, in our continuous research, we synthesized new gypsogenin-chalcone compounds (1-3). The synthesized compounds were established by IR, UV, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and LCMS analyses.

KEYWORDS Gypsogenin, Chalcone, Hibrid compounds

Corresponding Author: SAFİYE EMİRDAĞ-ÖZTÜRK, safiye.ozturk@ege.edu.tr 1 EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1851

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1927

KEFIRAN FILMS 1

EDA ÖNDÜL KOÇ , MAHMUT INAL

TE D

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Edible films are thin layers of materials used to protect and preserve many food products. The use of these protective coatings and suitable packaging by the food industry has become a topic of great interest because of their potentiality for increasing the shelf life of many food products. The largest part of materials used in packaging industries is produced from non-renewable material with the negative environmental consequence. Today, there is a big effort to extend the shelf life and enhance food quality while reducing packaging waste has encouraged the exploration of new biobased packaging materials, such as edible and biodegradable films from renewable resources. Water-soluble polysaccharides such as starch, chitosan, cellulose derivatives, alginate, carrageenan and pectin can form polysaccharide-based edible films. Kefir grains, the starter for obtaining the sour fermented milk kefir, are gelatinous irregular masses, composed of proteins and polysaccharides that contain LAB, acetic acid bacteria and yeasts involved in the fermentation. This polysaccharide component is a heteropolysaccharide containing equal amount glucose and galactose. This work focus on a review of the available literature on the properties and production of edible films based on kefiran.

kefir, kefiran, edible films, exopolysaccharide

Corresponding Author: EDA ÖNDÜL KOÇ, edaondul@hotmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 HAKKARİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1852

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1928

KEFIRAN EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE 1

EDA ÖNDÜL KOÇ , MAHMUT INAL

TE D

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Kefir is a fermented dairy product with viscous, whitish color, and effervescent property. Lactic acid, asetic acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide and other compounds such as acetaldehyde, diacetyl and acetoin occur as a result of fermentation in the kefir product. Kefiran, a neutral polysaccharide that constituted by glucose and galactose produced by Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens, a lactic acid bacterium present in kefir grains and also in fermented product such as milk and whey. Kefiran, which has GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status, has been found to improve rheological properties of fermented milk. This exopolysaccharide has also several health promoting properties including antimicrobial activity, immunomodulating activity, anti-inflammatory activity and antiproliferative activity. Kefiran can be used as a food additive for its reological properties. It has viscoelastic properties and is able to form gel at low temperature. It can use suitable packaging in food industry because of its potentiality for increasing the shelf life of many food products. In this study, we will focus on chemical and physical characteristics and health benefits of the exopolysaccharide produced by kefir grains during milk fermentation.

Kefir, kefiran, kefir grain, exopolysaccharide, glucogalactan

Corresponding Author: EDA ÖNDÜL KOÇ, edaondul@hotmail.com 1 YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 2 HAKKARİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1853

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1929

EVALUATION OF ANTIHEMORRHOIDAL ACTIVITY OF CAPSELLA BURSA-PASTORIS ON EXPERIMENTAL HEMORRHOIDS IN RATS 1

BETÜL APAYDIN YILDIRIM , ŞABAN KORDALİ , SERKAN YILDIRIM , FATIH YILDIRIM

ABSTRACT In this study was aimed to investigate effects on the levels of plasma and rekto-anal tissue some biochemical parameters of Capsella bursa-pastoris extract on hemorrhoid rats. A total of 48 Spraque Dawley female rats, weighing 200-250 g were used in the present study. Thirty six rats were randomly assigned into 6 experimental groups (8 rats per group). They were allowed to adapt to laboratory conditions for 7 days. The study was conducted for 18 days. Rats were divided into the following groups: Group I: Control Group, Group II: Croton oil, Group III: Capsella bursa-pastoris extract, Group IV: Croton oil + Capsella bursa-pastoris extract, Group V. Capsella bursa-pastoris tea and Group V: Croton oil+ Capsella bursa-pastoris tea. After 3 days of croton oil application, rats were treated with Capsella bursa-pastoris for 15 days. Blood and recto-anal tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological studies. Plasma and recto-anal tissue GSH, CAT, GPx and SOD activity were significantly decreased in compaired to CO group. Despite this decrease, plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and MDA; recto-anal MDA and MPO levels increased in this group. In contrast plasma and recto-anal tissue GSH, CAT, GPx and SOD activity were significantly increased, plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and MDA; recto-anal MDA and MPO levels decreased in following treatment with CBE and CBT. In conclusion, we recommend both extract and tea can be used safely for the treatment of hemorrhoids in the large population of patients who do not want to undergo surgery and do not want to use drugs or cream due to their many side effects but C. bursa pastoris tea gave more positive results than extract form as biochemical and histopathological findings. C. bursa pastoris tea can improve the health and quality of life of people who suffer from hemorrhoid disease.

KEYWORDS Capsella bursa-pastoris, extract, hemorrhoid, oxidative stress, rat

Corresponding Author: BETÜL APAYDIN YILDIRIM, betul_apaydin@hotmail.com 1 ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

1854

Poster Session 14 Submission ID: 1930

EXTRACTION OF LAVENDER (LAVANDULA OFFICINALIS), GENTIAN (HYPERICUM PERFORATUM) AND STINGING NETTLE (URTICA DIOICA) PLANTS GROWN IN MERSIN REGION AND INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THEIR EXTRACTS 1

GÖKTÜRK AVŞAR , ALI OSMAN ADIGÜZEL , PELIN EROĞLU , FATIH MEHMET EMEN , DERYA YÜKSEL , ÇIĞDEM 1 4 5 GÜL , RUKEN ESRA DEMIRDÖĞEN , TUNCAY YEŞILKAYNAK

ABSTRACT With its geographical place, climate and plant variety, agricultural potential and wide surface area Turkey is one of the leading countries in plant trade. This importance of Turkey is due to the plants, which give many of the products that constitute input to herbal medicine, plant chemicals, food and additives, cosmetics and perfume industries of developed countries, in the flora of our country. The main factor, which makes plants valuable, is the valuable chemical compounds they contain. The dirty air, which we breathe all day, harmful sun-rays, dangerous substances in the bad food, additives, unconscious eating habits and sedative lifestyle causes substances called free radicals to be produced in the body. The molecules, which minimize and block the effect of free radicals in the body, stop the chain reactions that may lead to many diseases and early aging, are called “antioxidants”. Our body responds to these activities via antioxidants. Antioxidant molecules are the substances which protect our body against radicals that trigger many diseases such as cancer, inflammatory, coronary and atherosclerotic diseases. Antimicrobial substances placed in cosmetics provide protection against microbial deterioration. Therefore, plant extracts which have antimicrobial properties commonly used in cosmetics. In this study, the extracts of some plants (i.e., Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum perforatum and Urtica dioica) grown in the geography of Mersin region and which have commercial value were obtained. Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of these extracts were investigated and the extracts showed significant antibacterial effect. Collected plant materials were extracted with ethanol by Soxhlet. The antimicrobial activity of Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum perforatum and Urtica dioica extracts against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative) was assessed by the agar-well diffusion method. One loop S. aureus and E. coli colonies were inoculated to 10 mL Nutrient Broth including 3 g/L meat extract and 5 g/L peptone and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Population density of S. aureus and E. coli cultures was determined by McFarland standard and 100 µL bacterial suspension containing approximately 1.0 x 106 CFU/mL cell was spread on to Nutrient Agar. The well was filled with 100 µL plant extract (50 mg/mL). Subsequently, the plates were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The diameter of the inhibition zones was measured as millimeters. The results showed that Urtica dioica, Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum Corresponding Author: GÖKTÜRK AVŞAR, gokturkavsar@yahoo.com 1 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND LETTERS FACULTY, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT 2 MERSİN UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND LETTERS FACULTY, BİOLOGY DEPARTMENT 3 MEHMET AKİF ERSOY UNİVERSİTY, SCİENCE AND LETTERS FACULTY, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT 4 ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF SCİENCE, CHEMİSTRY DEPARTMENT 5 KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM UNİVERSİTY, AFŞİN VOCATİONAL SCHOOL

1855

perforatum extracts have inhibition effect on growth of E.coli and S. aureus. Additionally, it was determined that these plant extracts were more effective on growth of S. aureus than that of E.coli. It might be due to the differences in cell wall structure of bacteria. The results may suggest that extracts of Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum perforatum and Urtica dioica which have antimicrobial properties can be used for prevention self-life of cosmetics.

KEYWORDS Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum perforatum and Urtica dioica

1856