July/August 2013 HEALTH VIBES 5
« Hearing impaired learners get cellphones, continued Cellphones have become an essential tool in assisting the hearing impaired to communicate with family and peers. This may seem strange but its the text messaging and email functions of smartphones that are breaking down the barriers of communication that exist for those who are affected. With this in mind, McDonald’s and Nashua Mobile handed over 28 BlackBerry Curve smartphones to the top performing scholars at MC Kharbai in Lenasia. Communicating with family and friends, competing in the business world or simply ordering a pizza can be a challenge for the hearing impaired without the right equipment, said Nashua Mobile CEO Mark Taylor. “The BlackBerry smartphone helps to remove these barriers and provide the children with increased independence and closer contact with their friends and family, without needing any assistance of others,” said Taylor. The smartphones allow pupils to communicate easily using email, text messaging and instant messaging, via a QWERTY keyboard, a touch screen, extended vibrations, closed caption playback support or hearing aid compatibility. The QWERTY keyboard is a standard computer version and the simplest format to learn. For the hard of hearing, the BlackBerry smartphones are equipped with a SoundIsolating Headset which offers highly accurate sound reproduction via noise-isolating ear gels, providing virtually clear communication for calls and enhanced sound quality for audio and video. “McDonald’s is committed to the well-being of children and continuously looks for opportunities to uplift them, specifically those from disadvantaged and impoverished backgrounds. We are proud to have partnered with Nashua Mobile to provide the top achievers of MC Kharbai with these smartphones to help their lives to operate more efficiently and reward them for their stellar academic and social performance,” says Daniel Padiachy, the Marketing Director of McDonald’s South Africa. Nashua Mobile adopted MC Kharbai School as one of its charities in 2012, and immediately dug a borehole to reduce its water bills. Helping the pupils by donating smartphones was even closer to Nashua Mobile’s heart and would make a big difference in the lives of the youngsters, Taylor said. MC Kharbai School has 342 learners, 156 of them either hard of hearing or profoundly deaf. About half the students have normal hearing, but have learning difficulties. The school follows a mainstream curriculum for deaf learners, and runs special courses for children with learning problems. Children from both groups received the new Blackberries, and seven students who were identified as top achievers and outstanding contributors to school life were the first to be given their own smartphones.
10 skin and body int
6 HEALTH VIBES July/August 2013
« Treating PCOS Holistically, continued Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is on the rise in women around the world. Originally called Stein-Leventhal syndrome, physicians first described the collective symptoms that characterize the syndrome in 1935. Since then, PCOS has become very prevalent, with about 5 to 10 percent of women of childbearing age displaying one or more symptoms of PCOS. PCOS is a syndrome. Syndromes are characterized by a collection of clinically recognized symptoms, signs, and phenomena that occur in groups. Women with PCOS may experience just a few or many of the multiple symptoms associated with the syndrome, including: • • • • • • • • • • • •
Irregular menstruation Increased hair growth on face, hands, chest, and other areas Ovarian cysts Skin disorders such as acne or dandruff Obesity or unexplained weight gain, often around the middle Thinning hair or pattern baldness Thickening and darkening patches of skin Skin tags Pelvic region pain Depression or anxiety Sleep apnea Infertility
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome may be one of the most complex female health issues of our time. It is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and is accompanied by a variety of different health issues, many of which directly impact fertility. Classic PCOS presents with obesity, polycystic ovaries (multiple ovarian cysts that look like a strand of pearls), elevated levels of androgens and absent or irregular menstrual cycles. Insu-
lin resistance is also commonly associated with PCOS.
are natural and normal throughout your monthly cycle, your hormone levels remain fairly consistent in their cyclic nature.
criteria that must be recognized to be diagnosed with PCOS, rather than just the presence of polycystic ovaries.
When your hormones become unbalanced, however, and remain that way, you may begin to notice many unpleasant symptoms and side effects. PCOS is a good example of the changes that can occur in the body when your hormones become imbalanced.
In fact some women with PCOS do not have polycystic ovaries. In order to be diagnosed with PCOS the following should be evaluated by your healthcare practitioner:
What Causes PCOS?
Medical Doctors are unsure of what causes PCOS, suggesting that there may be a genetic link, possible abnormal fetal development and inflammatory response contributing to the cause. Recent research however shows a strong link between high insulin levels and in fact this may be the strongest correlation yet, with research that also shows high insulin levels can be a causative factor in imbalanced androgen(testosterone) production. This occurs differently in men as high insulin levels in males are associated with low testosterone levels, whereas in women with PCOS, testosterone levels are raised, nevertheless, insulin has a larger role to play than was previously thought and lowering the levels of this hormone plays an integral part in curing PCOS. PCOS is also negatively affected by diet, lifestyle and exposure to certain environmental toxins. It directly impacts fertility, but has serious health implications as well, especially if left untreated. Complementary Medical practitioners maintain that PCOS should be viewed and treated holistically and that all the above factors work together, the patient normally having a genetic predisposition to developing PCOS which then comes about due to a diet high in carbohydrates that raises insulin levels. Hormones: A Delicate Balance
Hormones serve as chemical messengers in your body. They are an important part of many of your bodily functions including mood, development, reproduction, fat storage, and metabolism. Tiny changes in the amounts of hormones you have can result in huge changes throughout your body. While some fluctuations
Genetic Predisposition and Abnormal Fetal Development
Women whose mothers, sisters or grandmothers had PCOS are at a higher risk for developing PCOS. Research suggests that exposure to excessive amounts of male hormones (androgens) by the developing fetus may alter proper gene expression. This means that the affected genes will not function properly later in life, which may cause PCOS during the reproductive years of a woman’s life. Low-grade Inflammation
It has also been found that women with PCOS have low-grade inflammation, which may be a cause for insulin resistance. White blood cells produce substances to fight infection, this is part of the inflammatory response. In some predisposed people, eating certain foods, or exposure to certain environmental factors may trigger an inflammatory response. When an inflammatory response is triggered, white blood cells produce substances that may contribute to insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. How is PCOS Diagnosed?
When PCOS was first discovered it was named Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome because of the presence of polycystic ovaries seen by ultrasound. Over time doctors began to realize that PCOS was a complex array of health issues. This led to certain
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Pituitary and Ovarian Hormone serum levels Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Estradiol Progesterone Prolactin Circulating Androgens Free testosterone Free androgen index (FAI): 17-hydroxyprogesterone Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG): 24 hr. urinary free cortisol Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) Endometrial Biopsy Glucose Tolerance Test Thyroid Panel
Blood Lipid Profile
Wondering what your test results mean? Please talk to your doctor in detail about what your test results mean. Some doctors may tell you that you have mild PCOS. Women may have some or all of the symptoms of PCOS, some may have normal menstrual cycles and some may not. Testing is the best way to find out if you have PCOS for sure or not. (In the next issue we will explore medical treatment options, dietary recommendations and alternative therapies for PCOS.)
8 HEALTH VIBES July/August 2013
SUPPLEMENTS & HEALTH FOODS Olive oil with Fish Oil Combining olive oil with fish oil enhances their heart health effects Fish oil is rich in polyunsaturated omega-3 fats, and these have been linked to a number of positives benefits for ones health. These days, even mainstream medicine is heralding the health benefits that fish oil offers. By adding omega-3 fats to your diet and supplement regimen, you’re opening yourself up to a range of health benefits, including: • Healthier mood • Improved brain function • Reduced risk of heart disease and improved cardiovascular function • Reduction of Inflammatary processes Did you know that already? If so, you’re off to a great start. But here’s something you probably didn’t know: you can actually enhance fish oil’s heart health benefits by combining it with olive oil! Olive Oil Boosts the Heart Benefits of Fish Oil
The latest scientific evidence shows that when consumed in combination, omega-3 fats from a good fish oil supplement and olive oil offer greater benefits than either nutrient alone. In a study, scientists presented data regarding atherosclerosis prevention in pre-clinical, animal models. The Norwegian researchers studied animals with arterial plaques and administered a blend of marine omega-3 fats and extra virgin olive oil. The progression of atherosclerosis was the primary measurement they were interested in. What they discovered was amazing: in the female animals, there was a significant reduction in the size of arterial plaques in the aorta and in the aortic arch. The male animals experienced significant reductions in the size of arterial plaques in the thoracic and abdominal aortas. The researchers concluded that a dietary combination of omega-3 fish oil and olive oil inhibited arterial plaque formation and progression in their animal model study. We already know that both fish oil and olive oil have benefits for the heart when taken individually, this study suggests that using them together will prove beneficial for human consumption as well. Finding the Right Olive Oil & Fish Oil Supplement
The necessary intake of olive oil is best included in the diet in its pure form, fish oil however is not. Since fish nowadays have high levels of mercury toxicity it is useful to supplement with a fish oil supplement than consume fish in too large quantities that can cause mercury accumulation.
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Choosing an olive oil can be confusing within itself. There are many variables that go into olive oil production which can yield dramatic differences in terms of quality, including color, aroma, and flavor. The overall quality of olive oil is determined by its acidity — the more acidic it is, the lower the quality. Here’s a quick summary of the different types available:
Refined Olive Oil – this is the oil that comes from the second and third pressing of the olives. It contains not only the oil, but also olive juice which is very acidic. It’s usually too acidic for human consumption and has to be further “refined” with heat and/or chemicals in order for it to be sold in grocery stores. The refined olive oil tends to be the cheapest and lowest quality. It’s okay for flavoring meats, fish or poultry, but not so good as a dressing or a dip. Food that says, “Packaged in olive oil,” typically uses refined oil. Semifine Virgin Olive Oil – this is acidic oil that is left over after the first press but is not refined. It’s very bitter tasting when uncooked, but tends to be okay when cooked. This is also considered low quality. Virgin Olive Oil – this is the oil from the first press of the olive. It contains no olive juice, only the oils. Its overall acidity is low, but it tastes best cooked. Extra Virgin Olive Oil – this is lower in acidity than virgin olive oil. The lower acidity gives it a fruity taste and deeper aroma and color. It’s good cooked or uncooked and can be used confidently in salad dressings. Premium Extra Virgin Olive Oil – this olive oil is the lowest in acidity and has the best flavor. It tastes great uncooked, makes for the best dressings, and can also serve as a great dip for bread.
Dates A nutrient rich food with many health benefits From the Perspective of Religion and Science The date-palm is as old as mankind, scientists state that it originated in the Arab Gulf region in the region of Bahrain and then spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula, a mummy was discovered in Egypt that was wrapped in a mat made of palm leaves. An entire palm tree was also found in one of the Sakkara graves with a mummy from the First Dynasty (3200 BCE). Many of the Coptic monasteries contain writings that mention the benefits of dates. Dates are also mentioned in the Torat, Talmud and Qur’an; it is recored that Jesus (Isa) (peace be upon on him) used the branches of palm trees as a symbol of peace. The fruit of the date-palm goes through five stages, taking approximately six months to mature. In the first stage it looks like a small ball and is formed immediately after pollination and has a bitter taste if eaten. In the second stage it starts to grow and lengthen; it is green in color and has an acrid or pungent taste. The third stage is when it appears yellowish and reddish, and tastes sweet and slightly acrid. The fourth stage is AI-Rutab when it becomes soft and is the color of honey, and is sweet and soft with a sugary taste. In the final stage the fruit becomes a date; its color darkens and it becomes wrinkly. Dates are regarded as the fruit highest in glucose, 75 to 87 percent of the date being glucose and fructose while it also contains proteins, fats and vitamins such as Vitamin A, B1 and B12 and minerals including calcium, phosphate, potassium, sulfur, sodium, magnesium, cobalt, zinc, flourine, copper, maganese and a good amount of cellulose fiber.
July/August 2013 HEALTH VIBES 11
EXERCISE AND FITNESS Soccer Training and Diabetes A study from Denmark, shows that soccer training improves heart function, reduces blood pressure and elevates exercise capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study, recently published in Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise, investigated the effects of soccer training, consisting of small-sided games (5v5), on 21 men with type 2 diabetes, aged 37-60 years. Soccer training makes the heart ten years younger
“We discovered that soccer training significantly improved the flexibility of the heart and furthermore, that the cardiac muscle tissue was able to work 29% faster. This means that after three months of training, the heart had become 10 years ‘younger”, explains Medical Doctor, PhD Student, Jakob Friis Schmidt, who co-authored the study alongside with PhD student, Thomas Rostgaard Andersen. He adds: “Many type 2 diabetes patients have less flexible heart muscles which is often one of the first signs of diabetes’ effect on cardiac function, increasing the risk of heart failure.” Advanced ultrasound scanning of the heart also demonstrated that the heart’s contraction phase was improved and that the capacity of the heart to shorten was improved by 23% -- a research result that had not been reported with other types of physical activity. Blood pressure greatly reduced
At the start of the study, 60 percent of the participants had too high blood pressure and had been prescribed one or more pressure reducing medications. Soccer training reduced the systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 8 mmHg, which is greater than the achievements of prior training studies. These effects are as pronounced as those achieved by taking high blood pressure pills and the need for medication was significant reduced. Great functional improvements
The study also showed that the participants’ maximal oxygen uptake was increased by 12% and that their intermittent exercise capacity was elevated by 42%. “An improved physical condition reduces the risk for other illnesses associated with type 2 diabetes and makes it easier to get along with daily tasks and maintain a physically active life” says Thomas Rostgaard. Professor Jens Bangsbo, head of the Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health at University of Copenhagen, adds that, “The results of the study, coupled with participants’ interest in continuing to play after the study, show that soccer has a great potential to help diabetic patients. This does not only gain the patients, but also contribute socio-economically.
Soccer training improves heart function
« The medical benefits of fasting, continued We also get an increase in epinephrine, further driving lipolysis. As the fast continues, there’s a gradual move towards breaking down stored body fat, and the liver produces “ketone bodies” -- short molecules that are byproducts of the breakdown of fatty acids. These can be used by the brain as fuel. This process is in full swing three to four days into the fasting month. Various hormones and other factors are also affected by the fasting process. Cancer and Diabetes
Insulin like growth factor (IGF-1) and Insulin are two of the hormones that decrease while fasting, and high levels of both have been linked to cancer. Fasting is harder on cancer cells than on normal cells, says Dr Valter Longo, director of the Longevity Institute at the University of Southern California. That’s because the mutations that cause cancer lead to rapid growth under the physiological conditions in which they arose, but they can be at a disadvantage when conditions change. This could also explain why fasting combined with conventional cancer treatment provides a double whammy when treating many cancers. Research trials examining the impact of fasting in people with cancer are ongoing. Early results are promising, says Longo, and patients in the advanced stages of cancer, who cannot wait for the results, might find it worth discussing fasting with their doctor. High insulin is also associated with type 2 diabetes, so perhaps it is no surprise that fasting shows promise here, too. (We do caution however that diabetic patients should consult with their doctor first before fasting especially if they are insulin dependant.) Autophagy and anti-aging
Autophagy is a process within your body that is responsible for removing damaged and defective organelles, cell membranes and proteins. It is like a cleansing process or “spring cleaning” for the body, and In fact, a lack of proper cellular cleansing (autophagy) is thought to be one of the main reasons for the accumulation of
cellular damage within our bodies and the reason for accelerated aging. Don’t want to grow old? Autophagy is your solution. Autophagy is also increasingly being recognised for its abiity as a cancer therapy, treatment of alcoholic liver disease, and as a crucial defense mechanism against malignancy, infection and neurodegenerative disease. What’s more, research has even found that autophagy can help the body defend against both bacteria and viruses. The problem though, is that the act of eating tends to get in its way. The more time you spend in the “full” or fed state, the less time you have to really get the autophagic (cellular cleansing) process within your body to work. This is where fasting come into play. One of the major health benefits of fasting is that it improves autophagy. The principle signal to “turn up” the autophagy dial is the act of entering the fasted/ hungry state. And if fasting is the signal to turn on autophagy, then eating is the signal to turn it off. Even small amounts of glucose or amino acids are able to stop autophagy, and It’s worth noting that it doesn’t take a big feast or a junk food binge to negatively affect autophagy. Recent research has shown that as little as 10 grams of food is enough to decrease autophagy markers in otherwise fasting humans. So even a small meal or cheating on a snack in the middle of a fast may be enough to stop the increased autophagic processes associated with fasting. Weight Loss
At the Intermountain Heart Institute, Murray, Utah, Benjamin Horne has found that fasting raises levels of human growth hormone, which triggers the breakdown of fat for energy use, reducing insulin levels and other metabolic markers of glucose metabolism. As a result, people lost weight and their risk of getting diabetes and coronary heart disease was reduced (American Journal of Cardiology).
C-reactive protein, are normally decreased, suggesting that the fast was helping to moderate their overactive immune system (Free Radical Biology and Medicine). Some studies show that fasting promotes resolution of inflammatory diseases and allergies. Examples of such inflammatory diseases are rheumatoid arthritis, arthritis and skin diseases such as psoriasis. Some experts assert that fasting may also promote healing of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Brain function
Studies also show that fasting, with a single meal of about 600 calories on the fast day, can boost the production of a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor by 50 to 400 percent, depending on the brain region. This protein is involved in the generation of new brain cells, and plays a role in learning and memory. It can also protect brain cells from the changes associated with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s (Neurobiology of Disease). In mice engineered to develop Alzheimer’slike symptoms, alternate-day fasting begun in middle age delayed the onset of memory problems by about six months. This is probably why many who fast report being able to think clearer while fasting. Addictions
Studies also show that fasting can help addicts reduce their cravings, for nicotine, alcohol, caffeine and other substance abuse. Although there are other regimens required to resolve addictions, fasting can definitely play a role and many have been able to quit smoking and other ill habits during the fasting period. So in conclusion, you may be fasting for its religious or spiritual benefit, but rest assured that fasting is also good for your health, it can help you to live a long and healthy life and fight many of the common illnesses present today.
Autoimmune disorders
Blood markers of fasting individuals indicating inflammation, including
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