Health Quarterly October 2021
Special Supplement to the
October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
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New Name, Same Community Focus For Jacksonville Memorial Hospital Article & Photo Submitted By: Jacksonville Memorial Hospital On Oct. 1, 2021, Passavant Area Hospital officially became Jacksonville Memorial Hospital – a change intended to honor the hospital’s 146-year commitment to the community. “In many ways, our hospital’s story is a story of change,” said Jacksonville Memorial Hospital president and CEO Dr. Scott Boston. “We’ve had to grow and adapt throughout the nearly 150 years we’ve been serving our region. But the one thing that’s remained constant is our commitment to providing quality health care to the people of Jacksonville, Morgan County and the surrounding area.” The hospital was named “Jacksonville Hospital” upon its founding in 1875, but was renamed in honor of the Lutheran minister Rev. William A. Passavant after his death in 1894. Rev. Passavant had a nationwide reputation in the late 1800s for founding hospitals and other charitable institutions. While he was not a local resident, he became involved with the effort to establish a new hospital in Jacksonville at the invitation of Eliza Ayers, a wealthy local widow who wished to donate five acres of her property for the benefit of the people of Jacksonville. Jacksonville Hospital was the fourth hospital personally founded by Rev.
Passavant and the 149th hospital established in the United States. “In the coming months, we’ll install a ‘history wall’ in our hospital lobby that pays tribute to Rev. Passavant, Mrs. Ayers and all those who contributed to our success over the years,” Dr. Boston said, adding that the permanent display will include historical photos and artifacts recording the hospital’s history.
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Today, Jacksonville Memorial Hospital has returned to its roots with a new name that puts the community first. The change is part of a region-wide brand integration project affecting all Memorial Health locations. At the same time, Memorial Medical Center in Springfield adopted the name Springfield Memorial Hospital, while Abraham Lincoln Memorial Hospital in Lincoln shortened its name to Lincoln Memorial Hospital. Along with the name change, Jacksonville Memorial Hospital adopted the Memorial Health logo – a reimagining of the organization’s nearly 50-year-old Triple Cross symbol that represents innovation and forward motion. “This project is about creating a simplified, streamlined experience for our patients and their families,” Dr. Boston said. “Wherever people access Memorial Health—whether it’s at one of our hospitals, clinics or even online—they’ll see the same logo and have a better understanding of what we have to offer. “While we’re excited about the fresh look, we also want people to know that our focus hasn’t changed,” he added. “We’re committed to keeping healthcare local and giving people the opportunity to access high-quality, convenient care right here in Jacksonville. We are so fortunate to be able to offer personal health care with a hometown feel, backed by the resources and expertise of the larger Memorial Health organization.”
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3 HEALTH QUARTERLY
October 2021
Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment For Alzheimer’s Disease
July 08, 2019 | Tom Ala, MD Article & Photo Submitted By: SIU Medicine
SIU Medicine is continually researching ways to reduce the impact of Alzheimer’s Disease - a common neurodegenerative condition. Our clinicians and researchers are committed to contributing to the latest innovations and major breakthroughs in Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Raising awareness is the first step in contributing to the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer’s. Check out these five key facts to learn and share with your loved ones.
5 facts to know about Alzheimer’s Disease
1. Alzheimer’s Disease is common Research indicates that 5.8 million people are living with Alzheimer’s in the U.S. This includes an estimated 1 in 10 people over the age of 65, and about 200,000 people under the age of 65 are living with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. However, with the right treatment, people living with this disease can live longer and with a greater quality of life. 2. Alzheimer’s Disease is caused by progressive neurodegenerative changes Alzheimer’s disease is associated with degenerative changes—which means irreversible deterioration and loss of function—in the brain, especially in the hippocampus (a region involved in memory). Brain cells begin to degrade and die, and an abnormal build-up of proteins called amyloid plaque and tau develop. These changes in the brain can go on for years before signs and symptoms show up, which is why early screening is so essential, especially if you have a family history. Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease depends on a person’s family and medical history, assessment of a person’s symptoms, and tests and measures (including cognitive tests, imaging studies of the brain, and blood or urine samples to rule out other disorders). 3. Alzheimer’s Disease primarily involves cognitive symptoms Signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe. Usually, the most severe symptoms—which include not recognizing loved ones and being unable to care for one’s self—occur in the later stages of the disease. Common signs and symptoms include: • The first symptom is typically forgetfulness (getting lost, repeatedly misplacing items like keys, forgetting familiar names and phone numbers, missing appointments). • Reading and word-finding difficulties • Difficulties cooking, driving, and managing finances and medications • Difficulties in making decisions • Inability to recognize familiar people • Personality, mood, and behavior changes 4. Alzheimer’s treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach The main objective in treating Alzheimer’s disease at SIU Medicine is to control or slow disease progression, manage symptoms, and
optimize each patient’s quality of life. But because no two people living with Alzheimer’s disease are the exact same, optimal treatment requires an individualized approach that considers each patient’s disease stage, overall health status, family history, and personal and caregiver goals. Some of the most common treatments for Alzheimer’s disease include: • Medications that can enhance mental function • Adjustment or discontinuation of existing medications, if appropriate, to reduce or eliminate side effects that may be causing memory loss and confusion • Medications to help manage the possible complications of Alzheimer’s disease, such as anxiety, agitation, and depression. • Social and family support and education • In some cases, physical therapy and occupational therapy to address related physical impairments including gait, poor balance, weakness, and problems with self-care activities 5. It may be possible to prevent Alzheimer’s Disease More research is critical to prevent Alzheimer’s disease. In fact, this type of preventive research is one of the many areas that our team at SIU Medicine’s Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders is investing so many resources. Some promising data point to lifestyle factors that may reduce your risk of developing the disease. These include (but aren’t limited to):
• Getting enough sleep: on average, you need 8 hours of quality uninterrupted sleep per night • Getting enough exercise: adults should aim for at least 30 minutes of moderately intense exercise most days of the week • Social and mental activity are also thought to be beneficial and are being actively researched. • Optimizing your diet: avoid pro-inflammatory substances like sugar and processed foods and maintain a diet rich in plants, healthy fats, and lean protein (recent research is also investigating more nuanced approaches for Alzheimer’s disease and prevention, such as diets similar to the Mediterranean diet) • Reduce your risk of head trauma by wearing your seat belt. For younger patients active in sports, wearing a helmet, especially in higher-risk sports like football, hockey, and soccer can be helpful. Even with an optimal lifestyle, it may not be possible to completely eliminate your risk of Alzheimer’s disease, especially if you have a family history or genetic predisposition. But doing what you can to invest in your health early in life can make a big difference. Is your loved one living with Alzheimer’s Disease? Have you been touched by Alzheimer’s disease? Contact SIU Medicine at 800-342-5748 to discover how we can help.
October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
The Effects Of Untreated Hearing Loss
Article Submitted By: Central Illinois Hearing The National Council on the Aging (NCOA) surveyed more than 2,300 people over the age of 50 years and over to determine the effects of hearing loss on their lives. The survey also included 2000 family members to measure family members perceptions. More than 10 million Americans between the ages of 45 and 64 years and more than 9 million Americans over the age of 64 have significant hearing loss. However, many of these have never sought treatment for their hearing difficulties.
Hearing Aid Users
Adults over the age of 50 years who have hearing loss and use hearing aids reported: • Better relationships with their families • Greater independence • Improved social life Family members have consistently reported greater improvements in these areas than did the hearing aid users themselves. Family members reported more benefits due to hearing aid use then did the person with the hearing loss.
Non-Hearing Aid Users
People who have not sought help reported significantly more negative effects of their hearing loss. Compared to hearing aid users, non-hearing
aid users were more likely to report: • Less social activity • More episode of sadness and depression • More episode of feeling tense, irritable or anxious.
Barriers to Seeking Help
The most frequently reported reason for not using hearing aids is that “my hearing is not bad enough” Really? A person doesn’t know how much they have lost until it is restored with the use of hearing aids. Other commonly reported reasons were; “the cost of hearing aids”. I am seeing more and more patients with some coverage for hearing aids. Some are covering the entire cost. My answer, check your coverage. Yes, hearing aids can be expensive but the benefit in your quality of life can be priceless! People have the belief that “hearing aids won’t help”. That is true in some cases but people with mild to moderate hearing loss can appreciate the benefit of today’s hearing aids with superior sound processing ability and Bluetooth capabilities to customize your hearing aids in ways that were once unimaginable. Conclusion The NCOA study provides important insights of the effects of hearing loss on individuals and their families, the barriers to seeking help and the benefits of hearing aid use. As the NCOA investigators recommended:” We should encourage older people who have hearing loss to seek appropriate screening, diagnosis and treatment”.
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5 HEALTH QUARTERLY
Covid-19 Vaccinate Or Not? Understanding The Vaccine
SUBMITTED BY WHITE HALL NURSING & REHABILTIATION, LLC Have you made the decision yet? Since the FDA authorized the use of the vaccine more than one hundred million people in the U.S. has been vaccinated. It is understandable for those that don’t completely understand how the vaccine works to be hesitant. People are hesitant for many reasons, from personal views and fears to logistical problems getting to vaccine sites. But waiting too long to get vaccinated allows the coronavirus to continue spreading in our communities, with new variants emerging. It’s all about education. Let’s take a closer look at how the Covid-19 mRNA vaccine works. mRNA vaccines do work differently than other types of vaccines, but they still trigger an immune response inside your body. This type vaccine is new, but research and development on it has been underway for decades. Many are concerned about how quickly the vaccines were developed. They feel it was “rushed”! Typically it takes 73 months to develop a vaccine and the Covid-19 vaccine only took 14 months. It’s easier to understand if you compare it to a group project like the ones done in school. Yes, it was developed faster than usual. But never before has the entire world been working on the same project at the same time. Some say the mRNA vaccine is new technology and it hasn’t been tested. Again, if you look at the number of people that were in previous vaccine trials the numbers are miniscule in comparison. The influenza vaccine clinical trial consisted of 8,884 participants and the chicken pox 5,803. ThePfizer trial included 43,448, Moderna included 30,000 and Johnson & Johnson (which uses a different technology) included more than 44,000. Researchers have actually been studying and working with mRNA vaccines for decades. As soon as necessary information about the Covid-19 virus was available, scientists began designing the mRNA instructions or cells to build the unique spike protein into an mRNA vaccine. No corners were cut on testing for safety and efficacy. Some have expressed concern of serious, long-term, or unknown side effects. These fears are reasonable and to be expected. For other vaccines routinely used, the phases of clinical trials are performed one at a time. During the development of Covid-19 vaccines, these phases overlapped to speed up the process. No trial phases were skipped. Looking back at the above reference – never before has the entire world been working on the same project at the same time. The vaccines were made using processes developed and tested over many years, and which are designed to make – and thoroughly test- vaccines quickly in case of an infectious disease pandemic such as Covid-19. Taking a closer look at how the mRNA vaccines work is how we can understand the importance of vaccinating. The vaccines do not contain any live virus. Instead, this new type of vaccine uses a molecule called a messenger (mRNA for short) that is necessary for protein production. As with most vaccines, the Covid-19 vaccine is given in the upper arm muscle. Once the vaccine is inside the muscle cells it triggers our cells to make a harmless piece of a “spike protein”, which is found on the surface of the virus that causes Covid-19. These proteins are displayed on our cells surface. Our immune system then recognizes that it does not belong there and responds to get rid of it. When an immune
response begins, antibodies are produced, creating the same response that happens in a natural infection. At the end of the process, your body has learned how to protect against future infection. The benefit of the vaccine, like all vaccines, is those vaccinated gain this protection without ever having to risk the serious consequences of getting sick with Covid-19. You cannot and will not get Covid-19 from getting vaccinated. After the shots, you might experience sore arm, a mild fever or body aches but this doesn’t mean you have Covid-19. These symptoms, if they happen at all, are temporary, usually lasting only a day or two and are side effects which are normal signs that the body is building protection. Vaccines cannot give someone Covid-19. The vaccine simply signals a natural response as your body’s immune system learns to recognize and fight the coronavirus. The vaccine does not prevent you from getting Covid-19. It works with your immune system so your body will be ready to fight the coronavirus if you are exposed to it – including coronavirus variants such as delta. The vaccine can prevent severe Covid-19 illness, with symptoms that linger for months or longer and can prevent illness so serious that death is a result. Physicians can’t reliably predict who will have mild or severe illness when diagnosed with Covid-19. This is one of
October 2021
the most frightening things about the Covid-19 virus. You may wonder, if I’ve had Covid-19 don’t I have natural protection, known as immunity. Current evidence suggests that reinfection is uncommon in the first 90 days after initial infection. However, experts don’t know for sure how long this protection lasts, and the risk of severe illness and death from Covid-19 far outweighs any benefits of natural immunity. Will getting a Covid-19 vaccine cause me to test positive for Covid-19 on a viral test? No, none of the vaccines cause you to test positive on viral tests. If your body develops an immune response to the vaccination, which is the goal, you may test positive on some antibody tests. Antibody tests indicate you had a previous infection and that you have some level of protection against the virus. This is a desired outcome. How can you decide if you should get the Covid-19 vaccine? Do your research; your questions are important and getting the right answers from reliable sources can add to your peace of mind. Talk to your family doctor and people you know who have been vaccinated and learn all you can so you can make the most informed decision about getting vaccinated. The more people who receive the coronavirus vaccines, the sooner vulnerable people can feel safe among others. Every Covid-19 infection gives the coronavirus a chance to mutate, being vaccinated helps prevent variants. References: Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Hospital, and Johns Hopkins Health System (www.hopkinsmedicine.org) CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention
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October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
Raise Your Breast Cancer Awareness
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Contributed by: Melanie Barnard, MD Article & Photo Submitted By: SIU Medicine On average, 1 in 8 American women will get breast cancer at some point in their lifetime. These women are our grandmothers, mothers, wives, sisters, daughters, aunts, friends, colleagues and community members. Let’s show them our support! In honor of Breast Cancer Awareness Month this October, our team at SIU Medicine wants to help you raise awareness and learn how to protect yourself and your loved ones.
1. Learn about breast cancer risk factors.
As clinicians and researchers, we learn more every day about breast cancer risk factors. By becoming aware of your own risk factors, you can start to lower your risk of breast cancer—since you’ll know what factors you can change. Certain risk factors for breast cancer have been well established by decades of studies and research. They include: • Female gender (although biological men can be diagnosed with breast cancer, too—the lifetime risk of this happening is much lower, about 1 in 833) • Advancing age • Obesity • Smoking • Family history and genetics • Excessive alcohol intake (although even as little as one drink per day has been shown to slightly increase breast cancer risk) • Lack of exercise • Hormone replacement therapy • Becoming pregnant for the first time, if at all, after age 30 • Breastfeeding for a year or less • Having your first menstrual period before age 12 • A history of radiation on the face or chest • White/Caucasian ethnicity (although Black/AfricanAmerican women are more likely to develop aggressive, advanced-stage breast cancers at a younger age) There are other possible risk factors for breast cancer that we’re still learning more about, although their exact link may not be known yet. These include: • Low levels of vitamin D • Shift work and/or excessive nighttime light exposure • Processed foods • Exposure to certain chemicals, including chemicals found in food, cosmetics, plastics, sunscreen and water
2. Schedule a mammogram.
According to the American Cancer Society, the 5-year survival rate of breast cancer is as high as 99% when the cancer is detected early (and hasn’t spread yet to other areas of the body). This is why mammograms
as part of routine breast cancer screening may lower your odds of dying from breast cancer—because they can be used to identify cancer sooner. A mammogram is an X-ray of your breasts. Talk to your doctor about when and whether you should schedule one for yourself. In general, women should start considering breast cancer screening at age 40, with average-risk women recommended to obtain a mammogram every 1-2 years from age 50 to 74. Mammogram Mondays start in October here at SIU Medicine!
3. Practice breast self-awareness.
While breast exams and breast self-exams have not been shown to lower the risk of dying from breast cancer, becoming more familiar with the look and feel of your breasts can help you notice concerning symptoms, and seek appropriate workup. Concerning changes to your breast include: • Masses or lumps in the breast • Overall swelling of the breast • Skin dimpling or redness of the breast skin • Nipple retraction (turning inward) • Nipple discharge (especially bloody fluid) If you notice any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. Please remember that while breast exams are important, they cannot replace mammograms, which catch tumors long before they become large enough to feel.
4. Come to your doctor’s appointments prepared.
If you or someone you love is diagnosed with breast cancer, it can be overwhelming. The understandable emotions you feel can make it tough
to remember all the things you want to ask your doctor. Before visiting with your health care provider about a potential cancer diagnosis, write down your questions and concerns. Some great questions to ask your doctor about breast cancer include: • What type of breast cancer do I have? • What stage is my breast cancer? • What are my treatment options? • Should I get a second opinion? • If I’m concerned about the costs of my care, where can I go for help? If possible, bring a family member or a close friend with you to the appointment. They can provide emotional support and help you remember the key points from the visit.
5. Get involved.
Getting involved in breast cancer awareness can help you feel more in control of your well-being. Your involvement can also help other women, and is a great way to honor any loved ones you’ve lost to the disease. If you feel called to join the movement, consider volunteering with a favorite charity or organization, attending seminars and other learning opportunities or joining a local or online support group. Raise awareness, take action—so more breast cancer patients can become breast cancer survivors. Almost all of us know someone who has been diagnosed with breast cancer. If you have questions about your particular risk, contact SIU Medicine today at 217-545-8000 to schedule an appointment with a doctor. https://www.siumed.org/node/163301.
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October 2021
What To Expect At A Well Woman Exam
August 23, 2021 | Jongjin Martin Article & Photo Submitted By: SIU Medicine Annual well-woman visits provide an opportunity to speak with a knowledgeable physician about your health and lifestyle. There’s no need to be embarrassed discussing intimate topics like reproductive health or sexual activity with your doctor. These issues are hugely relevant to your overall well-being—and our Gynecologist/ Women’s health providers are highly trained professionals here to help you feel informed and at ease. In addition to helping you learn more about your health, gynecological exams are also beneficial because they can help identify early detection of treatable conditions and provide solutions for issues like painful sex, bloating, irregular periods and more. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that you see an OB-GYN (a doctor who specializes in pregnancy and female reproductive health) at least once a year. You can discuss with your provider the exact frequency of wellness visits based on your specific health situation. Here’s what to expect from these important visits.
The gynecological exam
Your well-woman exam will start off with a staff member (nurse or medical assistant) who will walk you to your own exam room. They may ask a few questions, such as whether you are currently taking any medications or supplements. A few measurements like your blood pressure and weight will be taken. After staff member leaves the exam room, you’ll remove all your clothes and undergarments and put on a gown then place a sheet across your lap. When your doctor arrives, the two of you will be able to discuss any questions or concerns you have about your reproductive and overall health. Topics could include menstruation, sexual activity, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), birth control, and family and personal health history. Depending on your age and health needs, your doctor will likely perform a number of tests or examination techniques that comprise the gynecological exam. With a chaperone present (usually a nurse or medical assistant) your doctor will likely perform the following: • A pelvic exam: the doctor uses a speculum to look at and check the vulva, vagina, and cervix; and then checks your internal reproductive organs (uterus and ovaries) with a
gloved hand. • A Pap test (Cervical Cancer screening): the doctor uses a small brush to collect cells from your cervix. This test usually begins at the age of 21 and is repeated based on your age and medical history. • STI screening (if indicated): the doctor swabs the vagina and cervix • A breast exam To ensure these tests go smoothly, it’s best to avoid sexual intercourse or the use of vaginal creams at least 48 hours prior to your exam. Also, try to schedule your annual exam when you’re not on your period. Your doctor may also request or recommend a variety of lab tests or testing to check on your health and ensure you are up to date with your health screenings. These tests may include the following: • Blood or urine tests
• Cholesterol screening • Diabetes screening • Breast cancer screening (Mammogram) • Osteoporosis screening (DEXA/bone scan) • Colorectal cancer screening (i.e. colonoscopy) SIU Medicine is an academic medical organization focusing on the education and training of future physicians. Sometimes our women’s health providers perform well-woman visits with medical students present. You’re welcome to decline having a medical student present if you prefer. SIU Medicine is now accepting new women’s health patients At SIU Medicine, our clinical and research staff works hard to create the best possible experience for our female patients while also contributing to ongoing scientific discoveries about the women’s health field. If you’re due for a gynecological exam or have questions about your reproductive health, contact SIU Medicine today at 217-545-8000.
October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
Breast Cancer Risks & Prevention
Article & Photo Submitted By: Culberston Memorial Hospital Are you aware of your risks? Breast cancer affects hundreds of thousands of Americans every year, but early detection and treatment can greatly reduce your risk of a life-threatening situation. In honor of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, get the facts and learn what you can do to ensure many more years.
Statistics
According to the Centers for Disease Control, breast cancer is the second most common cancer among
American women, excluding some forms of skin cancer. About 1 in 8 women will develop invasive breast cancer at some point in their lives. Breastcancer. org estimates 281,550 new cases of breast cancer in 2021 along with 49,290 cases of non-invasive breast cancer. In addition, an estimated 2,650 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in men.
Risks
Numerous factors can affect your odds of a breast cancer diagnosis, according to the CDC. Unfortunately, some breast cancer risks cannot be avoided. These
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can include any of the following: • Age — The CDC reports the risk for breast cancer increases as people age with most cases diagnosed after the age of 50. • Genetic mutations — Mutations to inherited genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 can result in a higher risk for breast cancer as well as ovarian cancer. • Reproductive history — According to the CDC, “Early menstrual periods before age 12 and starting menopause after age 55 expose women to hormones longer, raising their risk of getting breast cancer.” • Breast density — If breasts have more connective tissue than fatty tissue, early detection can be more difficult during a self-examination. Consequently, women with more dense breasts are at a higher risk of a breast cancer diagnosis. • Personal history of cancer or other breast diseases — Women who have already had breast cancer are at a higher risk to be diagnosed again. • Family history of breast or ovarian cancer — Women with a mother, sister, or other female relative who has been diagnosed with breast cancer are at a higher risk of being diagnosed themselves. Additionally, the CDC reports having a first-degree male relative with breast cancer also increases a woman’s risk of being diagnosed. • Previous radiation therapy — Women who have received radiation therapy to the breasts or chest before the age of 30 are at a higher risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer later in life. • Use of the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) — DES was a drug given to pregnant women from beginning in 1940 to prevent miscarriages until 1971 when scientists discovered DES use was linked to clear-cell carcinoma. Women who used this drug are at a higher risk of breast cancer, as are women whose mothers took DES while pregnant with them. Some risks can be controlled and even avoided, including any of the following: • Physical activity — As is common with some other forms of cancer, a lack of physical activity can increase your risk of a breast cancer diagnosis. • Post-menopause overweight or obesity — According to the CDC, older women who are
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overweight or obese have a greater chance of a breast cancer diagnosis. • Taking hormones — The CDC reports some forms of hormone replacement therapy taken during menopause such as estrogen and progesterone can increase the risk for breast cancer if taken for more than five years. Some oral contraceptives (i.e., birth control pills) can also increase a woman’s risk. • Reproductive history — Some risk factors associated with reproductive health include pregnancy after the age of 30, not breastfeeding, and never having a full-term pregnancy. • Drinking — According to the CDC, studies show a woman’s risk for breast cancer increases along with increased alcohol consumption.
Prevention
Though some risks can’t be changed — like family history or genetics — some risks like lifestyle choices can help decrease your risk of a diagnosis. Early detection of breast cancer can provide a five-year survival rate of 100%. Reduce your risk of breast cancer by making the following lifestyle changes: • Maintain a healthy weight with a healthy diet and plenty of exercise and physical activity. • Limit your alcohol consumption — or give up alcohol altogether. • Consult your physician about the use of hormone replacement therapies or oral contraceptives. • Breastfeed your children. • Talk to your healthcare provider if you have a family history of breast cancer or inherited changes to BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. • Schedule regular screenings. The CDC recommends women perform a monthly self-exam beginning at age 18 before scheduling annual mammograms beginning at age 40. The Culbertson Memorial Hospital Imaging department uses the Hologic Selenia Dimensions 3D Breast Tomosynthesis, a 3D mammography system that can detect breast cancer smaller than most people can feel.
9 HEALTH QUARTERLY
October 2021
SIU WOMEN’S HEALTH CENTER - JACKSONVILLE At SIU Medicine, we are moving women’s health care forward.
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SERVICES OFFERED Gynecology Annual exams STI testing Birth control Pelvic pain Menopause
Comprehensive pregnancy care Genetic testing Gestational diabetes management Sonography Minimally invasive surgery Urogynocological care
610 North Westgate, Jacksonville | To make an appointment, please call 217.243.8455
October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
10
Crustless Pie a Treat For Those With Gluten Intolerance
The holiday season is a popular time to entertain. Food is often a focal point of holiday season entertaining.
Individuals who navigate food allergies or intolerances may shy away from certain celebrations out of fear that a nibble of this or a bite of that may trigger an allergic response. In such instances, concern about ingredients can cast a pall over normally festive occasions. Those with Celiac disease or gluten intolerances must be mindful of the foods they consume. Meals or desserts containing gluten, a protein found in grains like wheat, semolina, rye, barley, graham, spelt, farina, and more, can trigger intestinal distress and other symptoms. With delicious pies, cakes and cookies on the holiday serving table, gluten is likely to make an appearance. However, with careful planning, people who cannot stomach foods that contain gluten can still indulge in their favorite holiday flavors. “Crustless Libby’s® Famous Pumpkin Pie” is a variation on traditional pumpkin pie served at Thanksgiving and Christmas gatherings. Without the crust, individuals who avoid gluten can still dive into that pumpkin-and-spice combination that’s so popular around the holiday season. Enjoy this recipe, courtesy of Libby’s® Pumpkin. Crustless Libby’s® Famous Pumpkin Pie Makes 8 servings 3/4 cup granulated sugar 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/2 teaspoon ground ginger 1/4 teaspoon ground cloves 2 large eggs 1 can (15 ounces) Libby’s® 100% Pure Pumpkin 1 can (12 fluid ounces) Nestlé® Carnation Evaporated Milk
stir in evaporated milk.
Nonstick cooking spray
4. Bake as directed below or until a knife inserted near center comes out clean.
8-inch-square baking pan: 350 F; bake for 45 to 50 minutes
5. Cool on wire rack for 2 hours. Serve immediately or refrigerate.
8-inch-square glass baking dish: 325 F; 50 to 60 minutes
Cooking times
9-inch-square baking dish: 350 F; bake for 35 to 40 minutes
9-inch-round glass pie dish: 325 F; bake for 55 to 60 minutes
11x7-inch glass baking dish: 325 F; bake for 45 to 50 minutes
10-inch-round glass pie dish: 325 F; bake for 45 to 50 minutes
13x9-inch baking pan: 350 F; bake for 35 to 40 minutes
8-inch-round cake pan: 350 F; bake for 45 to 50 minutes
13x9-inch glass baking dish: 325 F; bake for 40 to 45 minutes
Whipped cream (optional) 1. Preheat oven as directed below. Glass baking dishes without crust require a cooler oven, and in most cases, a longer baking time. 2. Spray baking dish with nonstick cooking spray or lightly grease bottom of baking pan or baking dish. 3. Mix sugar, cinnamon, salt, ginger and cloves in a small bowl. Beat eggs in a large bowl. Stir in pumpkin and sugar-spice mixture. Gradually
9-inch-round cake pan: 350 F; bake for 35 to 40 minutes
11 HEALTH QUARTERLY
October 2021
Avoid These Common Halloween Costume Dangers
Children and adults may spend weeks planning their Halloween costumes. Movie or television characters, political figures, horror icons, or everyday heroes are among the most popular costumes each year. Much thought goes into Halloween costumes, and equal consideration should be given to ensuring the costume is as safe as it is fun. The following are some common costume hazards and how to avoid them. · Flammable materials: According to the ASTM D1230-17 - Standard Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles, some combustible fabrics used in the design of clothing “are potentially dangerous to the wearer because of such factors as ease of ignition, flame spread time, amount of heat released, and design of the garment.” Quite often Halloween costumes fall under these dangerous classifications because they are not considered everyday apparel. Materials may not be sturdy and federal requirements for clothing to be flame-resistant may be skirted. Some costumes can ignite in seconds. Others also may cause “flaming drip,” which describes the melting of plastic material that leads to it separating from the rest of the costume. Flaming drip can cause secondary fires or burns to the skin. Look for costumes that list flame-resistance, even if they may be more expensive. · Invisible suits: Invisible suits are stretchy bodysuits that cover the entire frame and head. Newer incarnations that are all black without eyeholes can be dangerous to wear because they limit wearers’ ability to see clearly and be seen by others. · Dangerous makeup: Halloween makeup may not be created in adherence to the same standards as regular cosmetics. Check ingredients for hazards and warnings about where the makeup can be applied, as some products are not recommended for use around the mouth or eyes. Apply a small amount first to see if an allergic reaction occurs.
· Capes and flowing components: Costumes that have long, flowing parts, such as a costume for Ringwraith, a character from the “Lord of the Rings” trilogy, or even caped crusaders can be fire hazards. Parts of such costumes also can get caught underfoot in doors (such as rotating entrances to stores) and even the gears on bicycles. Strangulation or falls can occur in these instances. · Faulty footwear: Costumes that require the use of high heels, platform shoes or any other design that may impede the ability to walk safely should be discouraged. Not only can they cause foot discomfort that reduces time spent on the trick-or-treating circuit, but these costumes
also increase the risk of slips and falls and twisted or broken ankles. · Contact lenses: Colored or patterned contact lenses are popular components of some costumes. However, decorative contact lenses should not be used without a proper fitting by an eye care professional who sells reputable decorative contact brands. Also, never share contact lenses and always wash hands before putting in contacts or removing them from the eyes. Halloween is a festive holiday, and even more so when costumes don’t compromise celebrants’ safety
October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
Early Warning Signs of Alzheimer’s Disease
Article & Photo Submitted By: SIU Medicine Alzheimer’s disease is an insidious illness that slowly robs individuals of their memories, personalities and relationships. The Mayo Clinic says Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder that causes brain atrophy and cell death, which contributes to continuous decline in thinking, behavioral and social skills. This eventually affects a person’s ability to live independently. The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease, which is believed to affect approximately 5.8 million Americans age 65 and older. While there currently is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, there are strategies that can help mitigate symptoms. An ability to recognize dementia symptoms early can help millions take proactive steps to improve quality of life. Below are some early warning signs of Alzheimer’s disease, courtesy of notable health organizations, including MJHS® Health System, the
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Alzheimer’s Association, Alzheimer’s New Zealand, and the Mayo Clinic.
thoughts or identify objects.
· Recent memory loss that affects daily life. While it is normal to forget where you left keys, names or even telephone numbers from time to time, a person with dementia may have difficulty remembering recent events or where they live.
· Disorientation with time. Someone with Alzheimer’s disease may be confused about the time of day and what is appropriate for that time.
· Personality changes. Individuals may begin to show subtle differences in their personalities, including mood swings. For example, a person who is easygoing may become reluctant to interact with others. · Difficulty with familiar routes. A person with dementia may have regular difficulty driving familiar routes or finding the way home. · Trouble finding the right words. Finding words to converse freely can be difficult for people with Alzheimer’s. Such individuals may experience particular difficulty finding the right words to express their
· Decreased or poor judgement. Individuals with dementia may make consistently poor decisions and may start paying less attention to their physical appearance. · Difficulty following a plan. A person with Alzheimer’s disease may have challenges solving problems, such as working with numbers, following a recipe or keeping track of finances. Early signs of dementia may be confused as normal age-related changes. However, when such signs present themselves, it is critical to speak with medical professionals to get a clear diagnosis.
13 HEALTH QUARTERLY
October 2021
Life After Cancer | A Guide To Breast Reconstruction
July 24, 2019 | Nicole Sommer, MD, FACS Article & Photo Submitted By: SIU Medicine No one wants to hear the words, “you have cancer.” For women, receiving a diagnosis of breast cancer can be especially hard. The experienced doctors at SIU Medicine understand the deeply personal and complicated decisions breast cancer patients encounter. SIU Medicine’s physicians are experts in helping you through this process. If you choose breast reconstruction, you’ll receive the best collaborative care, based on scientific research.
with silicone gel or salt water—referred to as saline. Implants is an easier surgery, and you will recover faster. The flap method uses tissue taken from another part of your body, such as your thigh, stomach, or back. The flap option might also include an implant. You can choose whether you want to reconstruct your nipple or not. In some mastectomies, your nipple can be preserved. Flap surgeries are harder to do. They take more time and require a longer recovery.
What can you expect after breast reconstruction?
What are the benefits of breast reconstruction?
If you choose to have breast reconstruction surgery, your chest should look balanced when you wear a bra or swimsuit. Your breast mount is reconstructed, so you won’t need to wear a breast form that fits in your bra. This surgery does often leave scars. But, they tend to fade with time. After a mastectomy, breast reconstruction can also boost your self-confidence, helping you feel like yourself again. What are your breast reconstruction options? When choosing the right breast reconstruction surgery, you have options. To make the right choice for you, consult with your doctor about these factors: • Your overall health • Your breast size
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The size and location of your breast cancer Your desire to match the look of your other breast The extent of your breast cancer surgery The amount of tissue you have to use How soon you would like to recover Whether you will still need to be treated for cancer post-surgery • Your feelings about having more than one surgery as part of the process The two main types of breast reconstruction are implant and autologous, also known as flap. The implant type involves inserting an implant filled
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You may feel sore and tired for one to two weeks after implant surgery. With the flap method, you might experience these symptoms longer. Your doctor can give you medicine to help with pain. You may be discharged from the hospital with one or more drains. A drain is a small tube that is placed inside your wound. It takes out extra fluid from the surgery site while it heals. Your doctor decides when the drains will be removed based on how much fluid is collecting each day. You may be bruised and swollen for 4-6 weeks. The scars will fade for one or two years after surgery. Breast reconstruction does not typically return normal feeling to your breasts after a mastectomy. However, some feeling might come back in time. Recovering from breast cancer often requires many steps. Breast reconstruction surgery can be a vital step on the path to reclaiming your life.
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October 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
Dos And Don’ts When Someone Is Choking
Hosting a dinner party at home is a popular way to gather with family and friends. When hosts and hostesses plan such dinners, much of their focus is directed to food, ambiance and topics of conversation. Thoughts of someone choking may be far from hosts’ minds, but they must know what to do, and not do, in such instances. The National Safety Council says choking is the fourth leading cause of unintentional death. Food often is responsible for choking incidents in the elderly, but it can occur at any age. It’s also a leading cause of unintentional death in infants. Knowing how to handle choking incidents can save lives. · DO encourage the person to try to cough to dislodge the object causing the choking. · DON’T ask the person if he or she is alright. Instead, ask him or her if choking is occurring so you can take proper action. · DO look for inability to talk, difficulty breathing or noisy breathing. These often are signs of choking. · DON’T delay in calling for emergency services before you take action yourself, or have someone else call for first aid. · DO a “five-and-five” approach to deliver assistance, per the American Red Cross. This includes five back blows first. Stand to the side and just behind a choking adult. For a child, kneel down behind. Place one arm across the person’s chest for support. Bend the person over at the waist so that the upper body is parallel with the ground. Deliver five separate back blows between the person’s shoulder blades with the heel of your hand. Then follow with five abdominal thrusts, also known as the Heimlich Maneuver. Stand behind the person. Place one foot slightly in front of the other for balance. Wrap your arms around the waist. Tip the person forward slightly. If a child is choking, kneel down behind the child. Make a fist with one hand. Position it slightly above the person’s navel. Grasp the fist with the other hand. Press hard into the abdomen with a quick, upward thrust - as if trying to lift the person up. · DON’T engage in behaviors that may lead to choking. Avoid talking and laughing while eating. Serve foods that are bite-sized and don’t rush meals. Serve the elderly softer foods cut into smaller pieces, as dentures and dry mouths can impede a person’s ability to swallow. The risk of choking is present any time a person eats. Those who entertain at home can learn what to do when someone is choking to keep themselves and their guests safe.
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15 HEALTH QUARTERLY
October 2021
2 Key Questions For Advanced Care
Article Submitted By: Aperion Care You are out in your yard doing yard work. Suddenly you feel dizzy and world is spinning then you collapse and your rushed to the hospital. After the doctors stabilize you in the Emergency Room and you are in your hospital bed recovering what happens next? A hospital discharge planner will ask you where do you want to go for Rehab services. Do you know where you want to go? How will I pay for it? These are all great questions. We will break these down and explain what options you have. Do you know Where you Want to go? A discharge planner at the Hospital will ask this question of you. Do you know what options you even have? The first step before something happens is to be prepared. One can search Medicare.gov and type in Nursinghomecompare.gov. Also start by touring local Facilities before you need them. Ask the following questions, do you accept Medicare, Medicaid, Private Insurance, or payment arrangements. What type of rehabilitation services do you offer? Therapy is a key part of your recovery to return home. Ask what is the average return to home rate? Ask how many sessions of therapy will I receive? Who provides your pharmacy services? Drug therapy is very important to your return home. Also ask what other services you offer to help me return to home. Your care goals should be decided in advance of an accident or a major health decline. Most of us want to remain in our own home. Is home health an option for you with in home therapy and support services. Do you know what options you have? Start by googling local home health companies and
look at Medicare. Gov. Another good recommendation is to meet with local companies who provide this service before you need them. Ask what is covered for in home care. Ask how many times a week will somebody be in my house helping. Ask what support services they offer to help you recover at home. Another great question is what happens after hours if I need help do you have an on-call nurse to help me. How will I pay for these services? Medicare A covers everything right? WRONG!!!! Medicare A only covers 100 days of an illness, or trauma. The
first 20 days are paid at 100 % and days 21 -100 are only paid at 80 %. Who pays that 20% if I’m not better in 20 days? You can purchase ahead of time what is called Medicare Gap or Supplement Insurance to pay that part. This is best discussed with your local insurance agent. Medicaid could pay for parts of your stay. There are a lot of rules and you must file an application. For Illinois Medicaid you must be approved, and most people don’t qualify right away. Again, this is something that needs to be looked into in advance. Often when you apply for Medicaid it can take up to 120 days to get initial approval, or longer. Private Insurance is another option. Long Term Care Insurance with Home Health benefits is ideal situation. There are many options in the marketplace. There are some periods called elimination periods where you will pay out of pocket for 90 Days then your insurance kicks in. They may also be daily copays. Here is the key to sit down with your local insurance agent and discuss your options ahead of time. The average cost of Nursing Home Stay in the Jacksonville IL area would be around $200 a day or $6235 a month according to the 2020 Genworth Cost of Care Survey for a skilled nursing facility. This does not include Medicine, or Therapy. Most of us can not afford that for very long. A life changing event is not the time to be making these critical decisions for care. That’s why advanced planning is a key part of your retirement plan. Taking time out of our very busy lives before something happens is a key component of successfully recovering from an illness or trauma both health wise, and financially.
Home is the foundation of comforting support. More than end-of-life care, Memorial Home Hospice is dedicated to helping patients and loved ones treasure every moment. With the highest levels of compassion and dignified care, we strive to improve our patients’ quality of life, and that starts where they’re most comfortable—at home.
memorial.health/hospice • 800-582-8667
Memorial Health System is now
In 1897, we were a single Springfield hospital. Today, we are one of the leading healthcare organizations in Illinois with more than 10,000 colleagues and partners serving at five community hospitals and care locations across the region. And now we have united all of them under a single name—and a new symbol. Introducing “Memorial Health.” Healthcare has changed a lot in the past century, but our mission to deliver care to the community will never change. And as one united health system, we are ready for whatever tomorrow brings. Welcome to the new symbol of health.
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Connect with us online at memorial.health