Heartland Magazine Issue 35 by The Northern Rivers Times

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From the Publishers

Hello readers and welcome to the final free edition of Heartland Magazine. We have been working overtime on this issue, Issue 36 for December release and January’s edition #37, as well as other little projects we work on at this time of year for our community. We have had great feedback from readers since announcing that Heartland Magazine would be going on sale from December, actually it will be out from December 12th and you can see it now on page 61 of this edition. We have also been inundated with businesses from Melbourne to Cairns that want Heartland Magazine in their shops. As of December 12th, we will have over 900 outlets being newsagencies, rural outlets and select stores selling Heartland Magazines throughout Victoria, the ACT, New South Wales and Queensland. Needless to say, we are overwhelmed and flat out. On another note, we have been seeing one of the worst bushfire seasons on record, this with a drought that never seems to end and water is really becoming a problem for many, many communities. Whether you believe in global warming or not, our politicians really need to start putting things in place. We need to start looking at ways to build the infrastructure to dam water in the Northern Territory and pipe it to Queensland, New South Wales and other affected states. The arguments are that it would cost billions and billions, if not trillions of dollars but if we don’t look at doing it now, it will cost more in the future. We have no solution that I have heard other than move the water from one end to another. Sydney has a desalination plant that converts sea water to drinking water, it can, at full capacity produce 250 million litres a day. History shows that we have had some great men and women change this country to be a better place to live, we have been innovative and worked together, built infrastructure to get us from A to B, use technology so we can communicate with the world, we had pioneers that looked ahead and made it happen. Sadly, we don’t have that at the moment, not until we get a leader of our country that is interested in looking to the future and making it, Australia, a place that will prosper and look after its people and industries. I was once told by an old boss when I was an apprentice “There is no such word as cannot”, that comment changed me instantly and you know, it is true, anything can be accomplished, it just takes guts and determination. We are not the politicians servants, they are ours, remember that, we vote them in and pay their way so that they will perform. Enough of my “ranty” but listening to people is my livelyhood and we are all of the same thinking.

QUANTA LINES can help you with all your power needs large or small. Our friendly and experienced staff will assess your needs, and can design, construct and manage your project from start to finish. Whether it’s moving a pole, upgrading your power supply, or full electrical infrastructure and telecommunications pit & pipe for a new subdivision or development, QUANTA LINES will provide the whole package.

Can you help Heartland Magazine solve a mystery? On page 40 in the October edition of the Heartland, we shared a story titled, Who Am I? If anyone has any information or has any knowledge pertaining to this story, you are more than welcome to contact the Heartland office either in person or in writing. Call us on 02 6662 6222

Good friend and avid reader of Heartland Magazine. Andrew is shown here with Issue 34 at the Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix. Thank you Andrew, we hope you enjoyed the race as much as the magazine!

We hope you enjoy this issue of Heartland Magazine, it has been a pleasure bringing it to you and we are very, very excited to be bringing you Issue 36 which we promise will be our best and ultimate magazine you have ever seen. Before I finish, with this hot weather, please check on elderly neighbours and make sure they are ok during this extremely hot season ahead. Be good to each other and say Hi if you see us around Sharon and Jeff

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Heartland Magazine |

November/December edition 2019 PUBLISHED by Heartland Media 81 Walker Street, Casino NSW 2470 02 6662 6222 TO ADVERTISE in Heartland Magazine send your enquiry to Sharon Bateman at sharon@heartlandmedia.com.au or call our office on 02 6662 6222

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Helen Trustum

Farmer Sophie Adventures

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Profile

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Motoring History

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Truck History

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4WD News

Do you remember?

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CASPA and Foster Care

Lions - Carols by Candlelight

Kids Page

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Travel - Hobart

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Let’s Cook

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www.heartlandmagazine.com.au ISSN 2652-337X (Online) ISSN 2652-3361 (Print) Special thank you to Helen Trustum Thank you to Denise Alison - Humans of Lismore, Maclean Historical Society, Uki Historical Society and all of our contributors. Heartland Media welcomes stories that are submitted via writing however we will publish them in their entirety and will not edit them in any way...some stories have tried to recreate events, locales and conversations from personal memories of them. In order to maintain their anonymity in some instances people have changed the names of individuals and places, or may have changed some identifying characteristics and details such as physical properties, occupations and places of residence. We do not take responsibility for the way the story reads or grammatical errors. We are simply transferring them from the heart.

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Once you are gone, your memories are gone with you. Let us tell your story and leave your history with your family and future generations to show you were here and the life you left behind. Call Heartland and let us tell your story in quality Call us on 02 6662 6222 or Email: jeff@heartlandmedia.com.au

The Heartland Team

Jeff - Co Founder Graphic Design & Layout

Sharon - Co Founder Sales

Sophie Writer & Research

Bella Security

Contents

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Heartland Magazine |

Helen Trustum

BARRIE AND SANDRA PATCH – SPRING GROVE As you drive through the beautiful countryside of Spring Grove you may come across an amazing local family, Barrie and Sandra Patch. Barrie arrived in Spring Grove with his family at the age of eighteen months and has been there ever since, but my story starts with his parents.

Spring Grove School

To enable the children to have their weekly bath on Saturdays and their mother to wash on Monday’s water had to be carted in from a hundred gallon tank that was filled by the windmill to a smaller tank near the house. That was the boys job on Thursday’s to have the water in ready for the weekend.

Donald & Elsie Patch

Donald Ellis Patch was born in Coraki on 23rd September 1900 son of Charles and Laura Patch from Rosewood in Queensland. Donald married Elsie Elizabeth Collett in Rosewood on 23rd September 1925. Elsie was the daughter of Wallace and Harriet Collett. When they were first Donald & Elsie’s Wedding 23/09/1925 married, they lived in Rosewood where Donald was employed as a taxi driver. Later he worked on the building of the bridge in Tullebudgera then on to Coolgardie near Ballina, where they were on a dairy farm. After a few years, Donald and his wife Elsie purchased a dairy farm at Codrington. This property is now owned by Peter and Sue Graham. Donald, Richard & Silas Patch Three boys were born Athol, Graham and Barrie. On 18th August 1938 a new venture was ahead when they purchased 160 acres at Spring Grove. Barrie was only 18 months of age when they arrived. They set about milking cows where the cream was sent to Casino Co-op. The farm was purchased from Mr George Meldrum. Donald became a director of the Casino Butter Factory. The children went to Spring Grove Public School where at first, they walked then Barrie remembers riding his bike for the 6 years he attended the school. These years were under the one teacher Mr Jack Thompson. It was a one room school with an average of 14 children. The school was where Lance McGuinness lives now, next door to the Spring Grove Homestead.

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Donald and Elsie were deeply religious, and church was always on the card on Sundays. The family would walk each Sunday to the Methodist Church which was 1 and 1/2 miles away. They would have to clean their shoes before they entered the church. Elsie would put a baked dinner in the oven of the old wood fire plus Yorkshire pudding. This would be ready when they arrived home from church. Sunday lunch was a special event and one they all enjoyed. Barrie’s interest’s was the Junior Farmer movement which he loved. On one occasion he travelled to Sydney representing the North Coast and scoring a first and second with his judging. Upon leaving school he worked on the farm with his brother Barrie on his Fergie Graham. They grew nine acres of vegetables such as peas, beans and tomatoes. These were loaded on the train in Casino bound for Sydney Markets. One particular day the boys had 1/3 of the supply in Sydney. Barrie remembers a bus from the New England Bus Company, showing up with 85 workers to pick the vegetables. Athol learnt boxing. He would travel to Lismore for lessons. Paspalum (grass seed stripping) was taking place in the early 1960’s where 100 ton would be taken off and sold to Harry Williams in Murwillumbah. At many times Graham and Barrie would have 6 men working for them. Long days and through the nights they would work, drying the seed in the shed. A great time was had when the electricity was installed in the late 1940’s. This was a tremendous help to the district both for the house and on the land for milking machines and electric pumps. Donald Patch died in the Casino Hospital on 28th December 1969 and Elsie Patch died on 16th April 1971. Both buried in the Lawn Cemetery, Casino.

Barrie & Sandra’s Wedding 26/05/1962

Barrie Wallace Collett Patch married Sandra Mary James on 26th May 1962 in the Presbyterian Church, Casino. Sandra parents were Frank and Laura James from Doubtful Creek.

Barrie and Sandra have four children Wayne, Joanne, Christopher and Lindsay.

He also represented Norco on the Casino Beef Week Committee for 12 years and the Wollongbar Experimental Farm for 15 years.

Barrie and Sandra first lived in Casino for two years when they were married where Barrie began work at the Casino Co-op. They returned to the farm “Fairview” after his brother Graham had left and went to Lismore where he went into Real Estate.

Visiting Barrie and Sandra at Spring Grove and ponder over his collection of books, photographs, newspaper cuttings and photo albums plus an avid stamp collection where there are a quarter of a million stamps he has collected, one has to wonder at the precious life that Barrie and Sandra have created. I asked Barrie, any regrets; Barrie replied, “I would not have had it any other way, my life has been full but enjoyed it all”.

Barrie’s Grandfather, Charlie Patch, was a gifted “water diviner” passed the trait down to Barrie. This I would say that Barrie would be the best “water diviner” on the north coast. He has divined water and found water in over two thousand places where he has made a lot of farmers happy. A great gift to have is to be able to divine water.

Ref. Barrie and Sandra Patch 3/9/2019

Barrie and Sandra had a fine herd of Guernsey and Brown Swiss cattle, building the herd up to 200. The stud called “Fairview Guernsey Stud”. They showed these stud cattle around the local shows. Barrie remembers many functions in the Spring Grove Soldiers Memorial Hall where Snow Ellis, Sandra & Barrie divining water Hitchcock’s Orchestra often played. Buses would come out from Casino and Lismore loaded with revellers. The hall was opened on 11th October 1946 by Mr E. J. Eggins M.L.C.

Sandra with her horse “Larrakin” - 1980

Barrie with his memorabilia

Barrie served on the Casino Co-op for four years then the Norco Board for 21 years. It was during this time that Norco purchased Raleigh, Armidale, Tenterfield, Inverell and Beaudesert Factories. Barrie remembers a special time in early 1975 having lunch with other board members and the then Minister for Trade Mr Tim Fisher. Lunch was at the Casino Co-op and he remembers local Member Mr Ian Robinson attending. They were discussing selling “Pork Fat” to Russia as a severe winter was approaching. Barrie also served as a Councillor on the Tomki Shire Council, Foundation Member of the Richmond River Council which was an amalgamation of Woodburn and Tomki Shires. Barrie’s Grandfather Charlie Patch also served as Councillor on the Woodburn Shire.

Barrie & Sandra enjoying a cuppa - Sept 2019

Another wonderful adventure for Spring Grove Barrie at his retirement from Norco in 1989 was the naming of a low fat cheese after them from Norco. Barrie was a director at the time also Mr Ron Meldrum was the General Manager of Norco and resident of Spring Grove. The cheese was called “Spring Grove Reduced Fat Cheese”. Barrie acted as Bush Fire Captain for Spring Grove for 41 years. He was Treasurer for the Spring Grove Hall Committee for many years.

Athol, Graham & Barrie

Heartland Magazine Special Feature |

Thank You

With so many being affected by the recent fires, our community has pulled together to help and support one another in the face of this challenging and devastating time. Farmer Sophie As it turns out, shopping for farm equipment is a lot like shopping for the latest pair of pink and orange 100mm rampling Sarah Jessica Parker shoes. You choose a size and colour and hope for the best all the while pretending to listen to the salesperson, as you imagine yourself ridding on your new red ride on lawn mower, wearing the shoes with the breeze wafting your blonde locks through the air. Reality was fairly different, and it became obvious very early on that maybe instead of picturing myself as a lawn mowing goddess, I should have been listening to the salesman’s demo speech. Not to worry, I had the manual book which I didn’t need until midway through the first mowing session. While reversing, my new gizmo comes to a stop and as I turn the key again to start it, I hear nothing but complete silence and kookaburra laughing in a tree overhead. Assuming I had used all the petrol I jump off and fetch the ridiculously heavy metal jerry can which I knew I wouldn’t be able to lift when full but continued anyway as a fun new challenge for myself. Racing into town I fill the jerry can and somehow manhandle it into the boot. Thoughts of how I was going to get the petrol into the mower from the jerry can rushed through my head as I drove home, but the answer was clear…. she’ll be right! As I open the mower bonnet, I am surprised and annoyed to see the tank is still half full. The mystery continues and as I try to start the mower again, I remember that I have the instruction book which may be able to trouble shoot my issue. So, as I flick through the book, muttering to myself that the new mower is obviously a dud and how I will have to take it back to the shop, I decide to go and have one more go. Turning the blades off and turning the key again the mower starts and I’m off again. Blonde moments can strike at any time and quite frequently do to me. Deciding that I had done enough mowing for the day, its time to put her away next to the old grey Fergie in the shed. Returning home, I make sure I put the instruction book in a safe place, because let’s face it, I will most likely need it again. After a good night’s rest, I wake up to the sound of a loud crunching outside my bedroom window. Its Blondie my white Charolais cow and it seems she has gotten in the yard and is doing the mowing herself today. Raising the question…. How many blondes does it take to mow the lawn?! 10 | Heartland Magazine

Thank you to the fire fighters and rescue workers, the countless donations and charities who have contributed. Gratitude to the people and organisations helping with the re-build and clean-up process. A warm appreciation to everyone who has helped and show their continual support for the victims and their families. As a community we all look toward the future with better times ahead.

A very good friend of ours at Heartland Magazine, John Roy took his copy of Heartland Magazine on his outback adventure. He is seen here on the Birdsville Track.

Summerland Pumpkin and Water Melon Festival

Harwood and Broadwater Sugar Mills

It’s the time of year to be preparing for the Summer Pumpkin and Watermelon festival held on the 11th of January in Kyogle. Artists are preparing their work for the art competition and others are finalising their secret recipes for the pumpkin scone and pie competition with the chance to win $50 prize money and a perpetual trophy. There will be fun for all as there will be races and games for families to participate in as well as the Sugar Bowel Café’s beer tasting event for the over 18’s. Local businesses and houses are encouraged join in the fun by decorating their windows and will be put into a draw to win a prize as well as gaining valuable bragging rights. Presentations will be from 10.30am on the day with the winners drawn for the $100, $250 and $500 IGA vouchers. To be in the running to win $300, you need to view the monster pumpkin which will be on display at Kyogle Country Store before the festival. If you correctly guess the correct weight of the pumpkin the $300 will be yours. Competition is fierce to beat last years largest pumpkin at a whopping 743kgs, but each year with the help of generous sponsors the festival strengthens with every passing year. Festivities are on January 11th and Kyogle welcomes all to come and enjoy the day.

The Harwood and Broadwater Sugar Mills recently hosted a number of local schools for a Schools Open Day. With the sugar industry being a major local employer and contributor to the economy of northern NSW – Sunshine Sugar set about engaging the next generation of workers, thinkers and leaders to see and learn first-hand how this important local industry works and the value it creates for the people of the Northern Rivers. Around 250 students from across the Clarence Valley were welcomed by the Operations Manager before embarking on a tour through the site. The Harwood Sugar Mill is the oldest continuously operating sugar mill in Australia. Students were shown the sugar making process from the cane trucks tipping freshly harvested cane into the shredder, through the milling train and all the way to the raw sugar shed. With some 70,000 tonnes of sugar in storage at the Harwood raw sugar shed, the students were treated to a very ‘sweet’ tour. At Broadwater, some 120 students from schools across the Richmond Valley got to see their local sugar mill in action. Broadwater is the largest mill in NSW, crushing cane from around 15,000 Hectares of surrounding cane farms.

PRD Nationwide Real- estate Kyogle Dave’s Bakehouse Kyogle Gateway Real-estate Kyogle Kyogle Motorbike Shop Harley & Co Kyogle Tyre & More Kyogle Hogan’s Sawmill Kyogle Kyogle Real- estate East Coast Citrus Knockrow M J Smith Woodenbong David Meale Edenville Kyogle Gibbo’s Kyogle Stuart Butchery Kyogle The Saw Spot Kyogle Tyre Power Kyogle

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Cannapacific to create up to 100 jobs for Lismore Up to 100 new local jobs will be created at a multi-million dollar medicinal cannabis operation in the Lismore Local Government area.

CannaPacific Operations Manager Tim Ritchie said Stage 1 construction was nearing completion and it expects to commence cultivation by mid-2020. “With supply agreements in place in both domestic and international markets, we are well-positioned to create a sustainable local industry,” he said. The facility will also serve as an advanced Cannabis Plant Research and Development Unit in collaboration with the University of Newcastle. CannaPacific currently has products on the market for prescription available through the Department of Health Special Access Scheme.

Three-week TAFE NSW Taster Courses available from November 2019.

L to R: Lismore City Council Deputy Mayor Darlene Cook, CannaPacific Operations Manager Tim Ritchie and Lismore City General Manager Shelley Oldham.

Lismore City Council worked with Australian company Cannapacific over the last 12 months guiding the company through the approval process to establish a modern medicinal cannabis cultivation and research facility in the Northern Rivers. It is the only licenced medicinal cannabis facility in the Northern Rivers and one of the first in the country. Lismore’s Deputy Mayor Darlene Cook said Stage 1 of the development, which is about to go into production, will create an immediate economic boost to the local economy. “This is a huge facility that will create much-needed economic activity and jobs for our community,” she said. “It is a very significant investment and I would like to congratulate Council staff and local tradespeople who worked with the company to set-up this facility in our community. “It not only shows that Lismore is open for business but also that we can attract new industries to the area.” Stage 1 of the facility includes a 10,000 square metre high-tech glasshouse with fully-automated climate control to allow year-round production. It is estimated the site will produce approximately 10,000 kilograms of quality cannabis flower annually.

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TAFE NSW Ballina and Wollongbar have put together ‘taster’ courses to give people an opportunity to dip their toes into a new career. People can explore jobs and training pathways in • hospitality, hair and beauty, tourism at Wollongbar • construction, plumbing and metal fabrication at Wollongbar • maritime, events management and allied health and fitness at Ballina. TAFE NSW Head Teacher of Career Pathways, Lisa Weingarth said “The courses will cover safe work practices, and will help people develop basic skills and explore their interests.” “It’s a great chance for people who may want to change careers or have always thought of trying their hand in a certain job, to give it a go over three weeks and see what they think”. “TAFE NSW support people to work in the career they want and this is a pathway to help them do that”, said Lisa. The courses start 13 November 2019 at TAFE NSW Wollongbar and Ballina and at the end of the three weeks, participants will receive a Statement of Attainment in Education and Employment Pathways. For more details and to enrol phone 02 668 18924 or visit www.tafensw.edu.au

Dina’s Gifts & Photography The countdown is on, Christmas is right around the corner! If you’re stuck for gift ideas drop into our gift store, Dina’s Gifts & Photography and our lovely staff will help you to find the perfect gift. Whether you’re searching for something for your wife or partner, your grandma or cousin, even your workplace Secret Santa or that bonus gift you have under the tree as a ‘just in case’

We also offer a FREE mobile ordering app available on either your mobile phone or tablet, it’s called myPharmacyLink. This app makes engaging with us here at the pharmacy easy for you, the patient. With this app you can: View active medications and script history; Order medications; Access medication information and images; View Professional Services reports and results; Message our Pharmacists; Find out pharmacy information Drop in and see one of our pharmacy assistants and ask about how this app can benefit you!

In our full equipped photography lab, we can print images on just about anything, from your standard prints and canvases to coffee mugs, calendars, photobooks, coffee mugs, mouse pads and even jigsaw puzzles. Our talented staff are even able to help you to create personalised invitations for your Christmas parties and functions and Family Christmas cards! We’re exclusive stockists of many brands including, Glasshouse Fragrance candles and diffusers, In Essence essential oils and diffusers, Milk & Body pamper products, Rugged Hide and Oran Leather handbags and wallets, Splosh giftware and many more. Drop in and check out the store next time you’re down town, don’t forget we offer FREE luxury gift wrapping on all gifts bought instore. Medication Made Easier Our convenient services make organising medications easier. By utilizing our medication management service, you can: 1. Reduce the amount of paperwork you carry, by leaving your prescriptions safely and securely in your pharmacy 2. Skip the queue when ordering your medications ahead of time via your mobile phone or electronic device, and 3. Access your current medication list to assist with tracking the medications you are taking, from your mobile phone (myPharmacyLink) If you, or a loved one have difficulty remembering to take your medication, have a chat to one of our pharmacy assistants about the different options available and help to access these services. Here at Scrivener & Webb we offer Webster Packs as a convenient, compact and personalised service for those customers wanting or requiring assistance with their medications, these are also known as a DAA. A Dose Administration Aid (DAA) is defined as a well-sealed, tamper-evident device that allows individual medicine doses to be organised according to the dose schedule determined by the Patient’s prescriber. These convenient packs offer a sense of assurance and comfort to customers and their families, knowing that all their medications are packed correctly at the correct time and the correct dosage.

We have fully qualified nursing staff at Scrivener and Webb 4 days a week. Angela and Trish. If you have any medical questions come in and see our friendly staff as they would be more than happy to help you. They are specialised in many areas of the pharmacy including but not limited to: • Wound care • Compression stockings • Blood pressure • Blood glucose • Cholesterol • Diabetes Trish Doohan is a Registered Nurse as well as a midwife. She is at Scrivener and Webb Mondays and Thursdays 10-1pm and Saturday 9-12. She is available to answer any questions regarding baby issues plus weighing babies. We are also a registered NDIS Provider.

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History Kirkland’s Part 2

In 1952 Kirkland Bros purchased Clarrie Turner’s Ballina-Lismore operation. When Kirklands acquired Clarrie Turner’s business, they also purchased a travel agency run by Tom Walsh and amalgamated this with the Turner Travel Centre, thus laying the foundation for a string of agencies covering Casino, Lismore, Ballina, Murwillumbah and Sydney. Three years later (1956) Kirklands acquired Frank Coop’s Kyogle-Lismore service which ran via Bentley and over the next 10 years three new services were established: Lennox HeadLismore, Ballina-Uralba-Lismore and Ballina-Teven-Lismore. In 1960, with the commencement of the Bass Strait vehicular ferry services, Kirkland Bros moved into long distance tour work. This side of business was expanded to cover all states, offering accommodated, camping and charter tours. At the same time, it announced the inauguration of a daily coordinated rail and coach service to the Gold Coast and Brisbane. The overnight express train from Sydney was met at Casino and passengers were taken by coach and given a full complimentary through the Richmond and Tweed Valleys to Coolangatta, Surfers Paradise and intermediate towns. This operation continued for many years, in fact until the State Rail Authority in 1970 placed modern express trains (Motorail) on the Sydney-Gold Coast service which terminated at Murwillumbah. This discouraged people from changing modes of transport at Casino. In 1966 Clarrie Kirkland died at the age of 62. Following this, a company was formed known as Kirkland Bros Omnibus Services Pty Ltd with Jim Kirkland as Managing Director and Clarrie’s sons, Clarence Jnr, Kevin and Earl as Directors. Four years after Clarrie’s death the company acquired the famous New England Motor co. (NEMCo). Whereas NEMCo was big by any standard when Jim and Clarrie Kirkland made their hesitant

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entry into passenger transport in 1939, the Kirkland operation in the ensuing years had become bigger but both companies were in difference spheres of the business-New England Motor Co was a long distance regional and interstate operator: Kirklands stamp had been impressed on middle distance, local service and long distance tours and charters. New England Motor Co. had become renowned for its network of routes which virtually covered the north-eastern, corner of New South Wales, from Grafton in the south, Tenterfield in the West and Brisbane in the North. It had been serving the region since 1918. A total of 22 coaches were in the NEMCo fleet when Kirklands took it over. This move greatly increased Kirklands regional coverage and put the company into scheduled interstate operations-Lismore to Brisbane in a bigger way. The expansion which Kirkland Bros Omnibus Services Pty Ltd had begun, also involved the setting up of branch of offices and agencies in the Tweed-Gold Coast area, Murwillumbah Brunswick Heads, Byron Bay, Mullumbimby, Bangalow, Casino, Ballina, Alstonville, Kyogle, Grafton and later Sydney and Barry Parade in Brisbane (then to Roma Street). The combined operation now topped the “magic million” passengers per annum and was eventually to grow to 5,000,000. Undoubtedly the major move of the 1970’s for Kirklands was the granting of an interstate licence from the Department of Motor Transport to operate a schedule service from Ballina to Sydney. Although interstate express services could be operated without regulatory control since the late 1950’s, interstate operations were still closely controlled-in fact, prohibited is the more fitting word, in order to protect the government’s investment in rail services. The Ballina-Sydney licence was for three services to be provided in each direction per week. It commenced in November 1973 and was an immediate success. Connecting local services to and from Lismore and other major North Coast centres were, of course, a major source of passenger volume. The service had been running at a frequency of two trips daily in each direction, 28 per week, plus additional schedules in holiday periods. In 1985 Kirklands placed the first order for four Setra Double Deck couches to be imported from Germany. This move was to break the nexus on seating capacity that had prevailed in the industry for the previous 15 years. Later 15 Deluxe, one Landmark and two Pioneer Setra orders made up the first batch, but in 1986 with the sudden collapse of the Australian dollar in relation to the deutsche-mark all further deliveries were cancelled. In 1986 the bus industry learned with some surprise and concern that Kirklands had been taken over by Waugh & Josephson. Up until this stage it had seemed that

the industry had avoided the ‘age of greed’ as it was called when entrepreneurs with access to apparently unlimited funds were casting their nets as far and wide taking over businesses for which they had no real operating knowledge or expertise but they had the cash. The story of the careers of some of the moguls of the 80’s being reduced to minions have been told very extensively elsewhere, principally in the records of the stock exchanges and the securities watchdogs. Following Waugh & Josephson’s acquisition of Kirklands, ownership of the company changed hands in 1987 when it became a part of Robert Holmes A’Court’s Bell Group and in 1988 it was acquired by the Bond Group. But Bond did not hold it for long; Bond sold Kirklands to John A Gilbert Pty Ltd whose long association with bus operations and vehicle supply ensured that once more the company was in the hands of people who knew the intricacies of the industry. Other John A Gilbert operation include those at Berrima, Dubbo, Orange, Tamworth and Hornsby. Following the change of ownership, the John A Gilbert Group immediately began fleet rehabilitation with 50 new route buses plus a dozen coaches and this upgrading has continued. In 1992 Gilbert’s acquired other long established services-Simes Bros and Mike Maxwell’s South Lismore operation and Bruce’s East Lismore Base Hospital Service. These acquisitions were being forced on the industry to confirm to the 1990 Transport Act requirements of minimum services level and 12 year average bus age. The company has been proud to continue the pioneering spirit in transport which probably commenced with the introduction of the North Coast’s first semi-trailer bus in 1945.

Dad and Dave Written by Steele Rudd (Arthur Hoey Davis), Dad and Dave was a popular form of household entertainment. Growing up on a selection farm on Queensland’s Darling Downs, Steel Rudd wrote about his own experiences with added

inspiration from bush poets such as Adam Lyndsay Gorden and Henry Lawson. In December 1895, the Bulletin published ‘Starting The Selection’. By 1899 Steele Rudd had written numerous sketch stories and his first of 12 books was published. The stage rights were brought by Bert Bailey in 1912. Cartoons were made of the stories in the 1920’s and a silent movie was made followed by Australia’s first talkie in 1932. Times were tough through the depression and audiences were enjoying the light hearted comedy which broke the daily tensions of the hardships many families faced. It was a time for the family to come together and enjoy time together while listening to the radio Dad and Dave broadcast. The radio broadcast went from 1937 through to 1953. A film named Dad and Dave Come To Town, was released in 1938 and much later in 1995 Dad and Dave - Our Selection came out entertaining audiences once again with their Aussie sense of humour. Dad and Dave’s success has ushered many Australians through many tough times throughout our history, creating memories and comic relief when Australia needed it most.

Lemons float in water, but limes sink! Whilst limes are generally smaller in size and weight, their internal density with less air space makes them less buoyant.

To our many friends in the Rappville and surrounding communities, our heartfelt wishes are with you. To the families and friends of Bob & Gwen, our sincerest condolences. Andrew & the Parkview team “Hope rises like a phoenix from the ashes of shattered dreams” - S A Sachs

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BARYULGIL STORE, POST OFFICE, BUTCHER SHOP & BOARDING HOUSE

Proudly operated by the well-respected Parkinson Family from sometime in the 1870’s until about 1948. The Baryulgil Store was functioning way back in the days of the gold diggings at Lionsville & Solferino & operated by William Parkinson. The original store was built of timber slabs with a tin roof with and earthen floor on the banks of the Clarence River on Yulgilbar just up from the low-level bridge towards Yulgilbar Castle. It was later moved over near the main station house and later years into Baryulgil. William (Bill) supplied the local selectors, miners & Yulgilbar Station & distributed aboriginal rations & blankets he also Weighed in & paid for gold brought in from the digs. William Parkinson was born about 1852 in Bridlington York England. He arrived in Australia age 11 with his parents John & Mary Parkinson aboard the ship “British Trident” in 1963 as unassisted immigrants. The family settled at Upper Copmanhurst where William’s Dad John carried on his boot & shoe making business. When John died in 1896 his wife William Parkinson (Old Bill) Mary Parkinson nee White moved to Yulgilbar to be near William & his family. Mary died on 21st Aug 1908 & is buried on Yulgilbar.

driving the cart which delivered groceries - not just up & down the street but many miles to outlying parts of the district. Even if the Parkinson’s were away or unavailable the groceries like the mail had to go through, Harry made the runs just the same as if the boss was there. He also helped Jack slaughter the cattle for the butcher shop. I am not certain, but I think Harry Mundine’s son Harry may have also worked for Parkinson’s for a Wedding Photo while. After Parkinson’s sold the store it is said Harry Mundine then worked at the asbestos mine It was said by many of the old locals that “Old Bill” Mr Parkinson senior was a man oh high calibre & very staunch to his customers, he must have carried thousands of pounds of stock within the old slab store which also extended into a shed at the rear, it was surprising the things you could buy there & if it they didn’t have it in the store, it would be out back in a shed. Old Bill & Jack also had a Butcher shop in a shed beyond that again and was operated by them. The “Killers” were obtained from Yulgilbar Station and all the meat was sold at a flat rate of five pence per pound, only good Devon cattle were slaughtered. Jacks wife Ciss also operated a boarding house, there were always people travelling through & in later years the local Teacher was a permanent boarder. A good bush meal could be purchased for a shilling.

William married Sarah Jane Brown on the 13th Oct 1880 at Coaldale. Sarah was the daughter of Abraham & Sarah Brown a well-respected pioneering family of Coaldale. They had 4 children John (known as Jack) born 1882 he married Lucy Ann Farrell (known as Ciss) daughter of local pioneer’s Hugh & Lucy Farrell of Plain Station. Hugh is said to have worked for Olgilvie & Yulgilbar for about 35 years all 12 of their children were born on Plain Station. Jack & Ciss lived on Yulgilbar & then in Baryulgil. Mary born 1884 married Charles Morrow of Grafton Abraham (Abrah) born 1886 married Lillian Mary James in Sydney. Sarah Jane born 1887 married William Farrell brother of Ciss Parkinson. Children of William & Sarah Parkinson L-R Sarah & William Farrell are John (Jack) Mary, Abrah (Abraham) Sarah my Grandparents & lived in Mallanganee. William Parkinson’s wife Sarah suffer with post-natal depression & died in a home in 1918. Back to the store. William Parkinson in later years was known as old Bill, he ran the store with the help of his son Jack & when Jack married his wife Ciss also worked in the business. As Time moved on Jack operated the Post Office in a more up to date building constructed of sawn timber, a veranda at the front glass push up windows & a timber floor, a direct contrast to the old store. Mr Walter Klenk’s Parkinson Store L-R Unknown William (Old Bill), father Fred helped them build Jack Campbell son of Yulgilbar Manage,Lucy the PO. & later the Telephone (Ciss) Parkinson Rosie Farrell, Jack (John exchange was added. Parkinson). Harry Mundine was a trusted & faithful aboriginal employee of the Parkinson’s; Harry’s job was 18 | Heartland Magazine

William Parkinson’s Grave Yulgilbar Station. Died 16th April 1918, his final resting place chosen by him before his death

It was said “Old Bill” could tell some very interesting antidotes of the early gold-digging days in the Solferino & Lionsville district, being there when the great gold rush was booming. Another story goes like this, at one-point old man Olgilvie was on his death bed so a coffin was ordered but he rallied around, so the coffin had to be stored at the back of the shop until it was

needed. William Parkinson “Old Bill” died on 16th April 1918 after a long illness and was buried at Yulgilbar Station on the bank of the Clarence River under a large gum tree close to where his the original store was between the Castle & the low level bridge, this was the place chosen by him before his death. His grave is still there with a wrought iron headstone and fence although his name has long worn off the headstone.

Jack & his wife Ciss continued on their business in Baryulgil until Jack died suddenly on 28th April 1935, he is buried in Tabulam cemetery. Jack had been a keen worker for the advancement of the district. Through his happy disposition & good nature, he was held in high esteem by all. He was known far & near as a real good sport who always gave freely to charity & many a poor family benefited by his kind acts. Jack loved cricket & was a member of The Washpool Cricket Team. Having no children Ciss carried on alone until about 1948 when Ciss sold up due to ill health & moved to Kyogle to live with her sister Rosie and with her departure the great Parkinson tradition went from Baryulgil & Yulgilbar forever. Ciss died 13th August 1951 in Kyogle. Ciss in her younger days had worked at the Castle along with my Grandmother Sarah Farrell and many other Farrell family members & they had served the Tables of a many a fine dinner party.

Yulgilbar Castle

Story by Helen Cowan © Copyright Heartland Magazine

Lloyed Flack

Border Loop Tunnel Construction began in 1926 on the railway line between Kyogle and Brisbane.

North Coast Cyclists complete the loading of their machines for their trip. Saturday February 14th, 1953

Lloyed began cycling with the Casino Club. He also raced in Ballina, Lismore, Grafton, Inverell and Brisbane. At a young age he showed a lot of ability. He was a scratch rider at 18 years old. Also, a scratch rider in 40 mile races in Grafton. He later became 20 and 40 mile champion of the North Coast for 4 years straight. He then went on to represent NSW in the Australian championships for track racing in 1955.

Rex L - Loyd R 1952 June

Married with 5 children, Lloyed and Anetta moved to Brisbane to continue his working life where he also supported cycling at Commonwealth Games. Youngest son Steven began racing in Brisbane and Nerang. He raced

against Coll Caves games Campion. He competed at the like track at Owen Elizabeth Park in Casino. He also raced in the Tour Down Under and represented Australia in the veterans class overseas still racing at 59.

A special feature of this line is the spiral tunnel system which pushes through the mountainous terrain of the McPherson Range. Neville Bonner was the first person through the main tunnel on the track as he was passed through the hole after the men had broken through. Neville was often at the work site as he would take lunch to his stepfather who was working there. With the track complete and the tunnels in place the first train left Kyogle on the 27th of September .

We recently featured a story about Mark Green, who is an Environmental Scientists and Educator from Grafton and his new children’s book entitled The Little Lost Land Mullet. If you have children, grandchildren or looking for an ideal gift for that very special child, we at Heartland Magazine would highly recommend Marks first book. If you would like copies, we have signed copies by the Author available from the Heartland Magazine office at 81 Walker Street, Casino.

Right - Bill Gillet - Barker Street Casino Bike Shop

You can also order copies online of The Little Lost Land Mullett by visiting either: www.markedwardgreen. com OR www.amazon.com.au

Left - 15 Year reunion cyclists

20 | Heartland Magazine

Puchase a copy and follow the story

Kyogle Cordial Factory. William Samuel Walters had completed the building for the use of the cordial factory by the end of August 1904. The factory was situated on Kyogle Road, now Summerland Way, near the foot of the hill on the western side of the about 35 meters from the point where the street turns and continues north to Fawcett’s Creek Bridge. Later that year Philip Balzer of Casino, installed equipment to manufacture cordial in Kyogle. The Balzer family had a long history of cordial manufacturing and came to Casino from Nassau, Germany where they established a cordial factory in the lane behind the Tattersalls Hotel. Philip Henry Balzer conducted Kyogle cordial factory from 1904 to 1909 when it was sold to Henry Charles Scullin. A year after Henry bought the factory, he married Catherine Amelia Smith. In 1912 Henry built a new premises for the factory in Wiangaree Street and sold the business to the Casino firm who installed new updated machinery. Henry operated the factory until 1918 when the Exchange Hotel took over the operation of the factory. The licence of the Exchange was transferred to J.R Everette in 1920 and he took over the operation of the cordial factory as his own business. Charlie Scullin sold the factory to John McPherson who then sold the factory to Charlie Leverett in 1926. Charles Leverett started making cordial after he was discharged from the Army in WW1 with a leg wound. His business started in a shed in Armidale as he sold the cordial through a shop, he rented with his wife near to his factory. The trading name was C.E Leverett Aerated Water Manufacturer, Armidale. At this time the competition from 3 other cordial companies, in Armidale became too strong so Charles moved to Sydney to work in an office for a motor company. It was

in Sydney when he met Pat McMahon who told him about the cordial factory which was for sale in Kyogle. In 1926 Charles and his family made the move to Kyogle and took possession on May 1st. The factory was doing very well with boom time for Kyogle while the Kyogle to Brisbane railway was being constructed. With the completion of the railway, business stabilised, and Charles ran the factory with one employee, at first his brother-in-law, Bill Wright and later his son Mark, who after the outbreak of WW2, enlisted in the RAAF. The Army commandeered Charlie’s motor delivery truck so he replaced it with horse drawn four wheeled wagon. During this time two of his daughters helped him in the factory. After the war ended, Mark re-joined his father and they worked together with the new automatic machinery he installed. About 1948 he bought the business of Kyogle Cordials, which had been started by two young men, Milton Cork and Jim Follent who traded under the name C&F Cordials. Milton sold his interest to Jim, who changed the trading name to Kyogle Cordials. After Charlie Leverett’s death in 1952 his sons Mark and Allan with daughter Alice and Mark’s wife Gwen managed the business for their mother. In 1953 Mark took over the firm on his own account and continued to trade as Leverett’s Cordials, Kyogle. In the 1960’s Mark began bottling Cottee’s soft drinks is addition to his own brand. After the 1982 season Mark decided to retire and in August 1983, he leased the business to Denis Newton and his wife Jean who in the following year purchased the building and plant. They operated Leverett’s Cordials until June 1987 when they sold the business to Shane John Reeves. Shane married Alison Powell in 1990 and continued operating the business for 5 years and then sold it to Tony Arthur Moore and his wife Debbie.

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THE OLD FIG TREE - A Showground icon. In 1986, the grand old strangler fig, which proudly dominated the Maclean Showground and was the crest of the former Maclean Shire Council, was nearing its end. The tree was estimated to be over 400 years old and featured prominently in aboriginal legend. The council fenced the tree off and filled it with concrete to try to stabilise the movement. Mr Peter Flavell, the council gardener and qualified arborist, tried in vain to keep the tree alive. A strangler fig is a parasite which entwines The tree in former days around a healthy tree (in this case a red cedar tree) and eventually kills its host. It is a forest dweller and the open exposure at the showground was one of the reasons for its slow demise.

from the bees that made the tree its home, were all sought after by persons present, many of the orchids were saved to be used by Council.

Stump still visible behind goal posts as the dust rises from the fallen tree. High school children in foreground. (Report sourced from Lower Clarence Clarion, The Daily Examiner and MDHS records.) Story contributed by Ken Muller, Maclean Historical Society © 2019 Heartland Magazine

Other experts, such as Alex Floyd, a Master of Science specialising in rain forest trees; Mr John Wrigley, a botanist; other foresters from the Forestry Commission; as well as National Parks, were all consulted. Although the tree showed signs of recovery in its crown and new root systems, the crack in its trunk about 10 metres above the ground was growing steadily and spreading under the influence of strong winds. Shire President, Mr John Harvey along with other councillors, made the final decision that on Thursday April 10, 1986 at 10.30 am the historic Maclean Showground fig tree would be felled.

Celebrating Men of Yulgilbar at Grafton Regional Gallery Men of Yulgilbar exhibition will officially open at the Gallery on Friday 25th October. Following the successful Women of Yulgilbar exhibition in March 2017, this exhibition features some of the many men whose hard work and leadership skills ensured that Yulgilbar remains a successful and much-loved historic rural property of the Clarence Valley. Men of Yulgilbar explores the lives and contributions of the men whose work has shaped Yulgilbar’s history, including Bundjalung leader Toolbillibam, Edward Ogilvie, Allan Rogan, Sam Hordern, Baillieu Myer, Rob Sinnamon, Boxer Kroehnert and the Yulgilbar shepherds. This exhibition presents incredible historic photographs, as well as artefacts such as an original shepherd’s bed and portrait of Sam Hordern from the Royal Agricultural Society. These stories give us unique insights into these men’s lives, and the life of Yulgilbar station as an ever-evolving mainstay in Australia’s station history.

The tree is pulled by Caterpillar tractor (on right) near electric light pole.

Officially, the tree was 159 feet tall, the spread across the crown was 123 feet and it was 75 feet from the ground to the first limb. When the tree was felled there was estimated to be only four-square feet of healthy wood. “It was the choice between the tree and the potential loss of life,” said Charlie Ryan, President of the Showground Committee. The felling of the tree was witnessed by hosts of school children from local schools, who watched as a D8 Caterpillar tractor attempted to pull the tree, and loud cheers were heard from the children as the tree finally - fell. Orchids, mainly Dendrobium monophylum and honeycomb 22 | Heartland Magazine

This exhibition was curated by Jennifer Baldwin and Lianne Hart, of the Yulgilbar Archives. Gallery Director, Niomi Sands says “We are so privileged to be the host of this outstanding exhibition documenting an important part of the history of the Clarence Valley.” Men of Yulgilbar will be officially opened at an exclusive event at the Gallery on Friday 25th October by Mr Bill Ogilvie and will be on exhibition at the Gallery from October 24 to December 8, 2019

THE BUILDING OF THE MORORO BRIDGE The Official Opening of Mororo Bridge 1935

one meaning “blood” (1963-McCarthy has the meaning as “fighting ground”). This stemmed from the fact that it was the area of tribal judgement and punishment. He said that originally there were two rings – the smaller one was a place of judgement and the larger a place where punishment was carried out – either by being cut or having to fight a member

Taking soundings for the proposed Mororo Bridge.

The opening of the Mororo Bridge was performed by the then Deputy Premier of NSW, Col. Bruxner in the presence of Acting Prime Minister, Dr Earle Page along with the President of Harwood Shire, Cr D. K. Beckman. At the opening, one of the men “who had worked right loyally for the bridge” Cr J. Wiblen, said with pride that he was glad the name “Mororo” had been retained for the bridge. He then told the assembled crowd of his belief that the name was a local aboriginal

The Official Opening of Mororo Bridge 1935

of another tribe. “Much blood was spilled in the area”, Cr Wiblen said. Cr Wiblen had been part of the team lobbying for the bridge, lobbying which began much earlier in 1907. Older residents remembered the crossing before the first ferry was put into service. This was at first a private punt for foot passengers and horsemen conducted by Donald Fraser from 1876, who charged 1/- for horses and 6d for pedestrians. A government ferry replaced this. The Mororo Bridge was “another link connecting the highways of Australia” (The Daily Examiner June 1935) and it was hoped that before long there would be a bridge at Harwood. “We live in an age of speed,” said one speaker at the opening of the bridge. Contributed by Ken Muller, Maclean Historical Society © 2019

One of the Mororo Bridge pylons under construction.

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24 | Heartland Magazine

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WHILE EARLIER ON THE ROUTE TO YAMBA SELF HELP BY RESIDENTS.

used by local farmers to hold cattle in flood times. (The Sydney Morning Herald 9/12/1924)

Replacing the first Palmers Channel Bridge (see article below re first bridge). This one was built in 1948 to replace first built 1925. First bridge on left. The Opening of the Oyster Channel Bridge 1908

“Residents of Palmers Island and Palmers Channel are now engaged in a fine piece of self-help work in erecting a bridge over Palmers Channel. The structure will consist of five spans and have a total bridge length of 165ft. The movement has had many ups and downs but finally the Harwood Shire has agreed to expend £500 on the self-help principle.” The work was carried out by residents who agreed to do the approaches and others to give money to the project. The building work was carried out by Mr H. Walsh.

Kevin R Brady of Culburra Beach on the NSW beautiful South Coast with his copy of Heartland magazine. Thank you Kevin for sending this in and we hope you are enjoying your Heartland Magazines.

“The whole structure will represent in the vicinity of £1000 to the shire.” Timber was donated and one farmer gave up an eighth of an acre for the structure, which was planned to be

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St Brigid’s Primary School Kyogle For many the first day of school is a memorable time with a flurry of different emotions rushing around all at once. The nerves and excitement of the unknown and the confidence that builds knowing that it is the beginning of a wonderful adventure into education and personal growth. St Brigid’s Primary School in Kyogle has been preparing young kids for the world ahead, for many generations and has been able to continue this work through the dedication of their passionate teachers and enthusiastic staff. 2019 Canberra and Sydney Excursion October was an exciting month for the St Brigid’s school with the 2019 Canberra and Sydney Excursion which saw 38 pupils attending, with the help of 19 parents and 3 staff members. An early 5.15am start on the 21st began the adventure from Gold Coast airport as the group flew to Sydney. Celebrating the wonderful Catholic culture of the school, the group visited Mary Mackillop Place before travelling by bus to Canberra. The students are studying a civics unit in the classroom, so to have the opportunity to see Parliament House and the High Court of Australia amongst other iconic places, gave the group a better understanding and appreciation for Australian politics and essentially how our country is run. With a visit to the National Capital Exhibition, the students were able to clearly see how Canberra came to be our Capital City and the layout of one of the most unique cities in the country. The Australian Institute of Sport was a highlight, as the experience was very interactive and physical. A special moment was shared by the students when the group spent time at the War Memorial in Sydney as the school leaders, Karli Pratt, Jed Mulcahy, Ava Smith and Nate Walters laid a wreath in honour of our fallen soldiers. Gaining a taste for city life the group caught the ferry across the harbour to Taronga Zoo. New bonds and friendships were formed, and the group not only learnt a lot about Canberra and Sydney, but also themselves and each other. With so many new sites and experiences, it was a jammed packed week with a lot of practical and educational involvement giving the students a richer understanding of the world they are about to step into as a young adult. First Lego League In today’s ever-changing world of technology, and the need to find solutions

for the world’s modern day problems, St Brigid’s is striving to educate and encourage their students to think in a new way. 3 years ago, St Brigid’s participated, for the first time in FIRST LEGO LEAGUE. After receiving a Google Grant, the school was able to purchase the necessary materials and build a team to compete. The competition is about solving real world problems while exploring how the technology and robots are able to assist. St Brigid’s had 2 teams in this year’s competition with the students scoring their best scores so far. Each team had 10 students, giving the maximum opportunity to as many kids as possible. The teams meet in their own time, 1 after school session as well as 1 lunch time session a week. With the coaching and encouragement from their supportive teachers the teams worked on this year’s theme, City Shaper. Inclusivity is an important subject of the for the kids to explore with one team coming up with a solution for the improvement of ANZAC Park. Their idea of having a foot path around the entire park so that all prams, wheelchairs, bikes, elderly people and anyone who requires use of a path, are included is being presented to council by the Mayor in the coming weeks. St Brigid’s has a long tradition of providing the best opportunities for regional country kids, while giving them the tools and experiences that make for successful and respectful, contributing adults into their future. The school has modern amenities surrounded by serene gardens and a calm atmosphere which makes school an enjoyable place to be for all the students, parents and staff.

Do you want to know what is happening in your local area or even across the Country? Head on in to Higgins News and pick up a copy of today’s newspaper or even a magazine. While you are there check out the great range of 2020 Diaries and Calendars that are now available. Also, have a look at the great new range of toys in our new toy area that have arrived in store just in time for Christmas. You will find something for all ages. We also offer a large range of stationery, cook books, puzzle books, giftware, cards, gift wrapping paper and also jigsaw puzzles. You never know what you might find at Higgins News.

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TAMWORTH HISTORY THEY BROUGHT THE SHEEP It was pretty much the arrival of sheep that led to the start of Tamworth 185 years ago. It came about with around 6 000 breeding ewes plus lambs coming to Peel’s River (the original name for Tamworth) in 1834, brought here by the Australian Agricultural Company. This body had been formed in England 10 years earlier, and had the distinct advantage that many of its shareholders were members of the English parliament. After originally setting up with a grant of one million acres of Crown Land around Port Stephens, they were able to force the colonial government to exchange a large part of their coastal holding for a better inland sheep-raising area. NSW Governor Richard Bourke opposed the exchange, but was ultimately over-ruled by the English House of Commons, containing numerous AA Company shareholders. After a search by their Company surveyor Henry Dangar they eventually settled on Warrah (west of present Willow Tree) and the Peel Valley, which explorer (and later shareholder) John Oxley had praised 16 years prior. The Peel Estate, eventually named Goonoo Goonoo, comprised

The Rev. William Cowper, who rode each month from Stroud to provide Tamworth’s first church services. ‘Killala’ - the original AA Co. headquarters, located near the far end of today’s Graham Street in Calala.

123 138 hectares, with the original headquarters being at Killala (later renamed Calala), where the first Superintendent was Charles Hall. Only 50m through the fence at the far end of Graham Street in Calala is a Tamworth Historical Society plaque indicating where this first European building in Tamworth stood, constructed by Thomas Burke the AA Company carpenter, whose headstone is the 2nd oldest in the West Tamworth Cemetery. The Calala site will eventually be enclosed in a Heritage Park at the lower end of the current subdivision now in progress (fingers crossed!). The only other European presence known on the Peel River outside of Tamworth prior to the AA Company’s arrival were the squatters Joseph Brown at Wallamore, the triumvirate of William Warland/Edward Gostwyk Cory/William Dangar at Piallamore, with a Mr Cann further up the river towards Nundle. Being squatters and having no legal right to the land, all were forced off to relocate from the AA Company Peel Estate holding. Buildings to house the Company’s officials, stores and around 200 assigned convicts were erected along a bush track to what later became known as Ebsworth Street (named after the Company’s longserving bookkeeper James Ebsworth), which later became the centre of the Company town west of the river. As Tamworth developed, the other side of the river became known as the Government town. The going was tough in those early Peel Estate years for the AA Company. For the first 2 years there were no shearing facilities, with all sheep except some breeding ewes being driven across to the coast via Gloucester for shearing and back again, a practice that continued for several years. The original Surveyor James Ralfe track proved unsatisfactory and was soon replaced by the Peel Line, laid out by William Telfer in 1836. Eventually shearing facilities were established on the Peel, with a pre-shearing washpool initially upstream from Dungowan. Tough times continued during the 1840’s with drought conditions, reducing the market value of sheep, to the extent that it was much more profitable to “boil down” many sheep for the tallow, rather than raise them for their mutton or wool. 28 | Heartland Magazine

The Rev. William Cowper, based at Stroud, was the Company Chaplain, who from 1836 until 1848 made regular monthly 320 km round trips by horseback to provide services, initially at ‘Killala’. He later went on to become the Dean of Sydney. Our local Anglican school is named in his honour. During 1841 the AA Company headquarters were relocated from Killala to Goonoo Goonoo. Superintendent Charles Hall was succeeded by William Telfer (1842-44) and Richard Denne (1844-50). Much of the original AA Company infrastructure at Goonoo Goonoo is still in existence, with considerable money spent on restoration in recent years. Following the AA Company’s early profitable venture into

TAMWORTH HISTORY coal-mining in the Newcastle area, they had a bonus in eventually receiving the Title Deeds to their land in 1847, enabling the sale of some of their land. This led to the 1851 land sales in West Tamworth, with businesses opening up that eventually led to Tamworth’s integration into one town. In accordance with its establishment charter the Company needed to provide a hospital, policing, a gaol, a courthouse, a cemetery, a place of worship and a school, all centred around the Ebsworth Street area. It was also required to provide employment for a number of the Colony’s convicts, many of whom served as shepherds for the Company’s flocks. With no fences and the Company expanding its flocks and shearing facilities across its Peel Estate, about 30 stations were set up, averaging about 4 miles apart, with 2 shepherds and a hutkeeper controlling each area. The hutkeeper was required to guard the sheep in their yards at night, while the shepherds slept in the hut. The only hut remaining would appear to be the slab

The old store and Post Office at Goonoo Goonoo Station c 1870

In early days at Goonoo Goonoo the shearers’ hours were long, with the pay being one pound per hundred sheep and 4 glasses of rum per day. Shed-hands received 12 shillings per week plus the station food ration. In 1899 an incredible 215 000 sheep, including 43 000 lambs were put through the shed, resulting in 2 500 bales of wool being produced. Shearing went on for 3 months with 44 shearers employed. In 1925 ‘Big Jim’ Stafford set a shearing record with a personal best-day total of 305 heavy-woolled Merino sheep. After various Government resumptions over the years, the AA Company sold what remained of Goonoo Goonoo Station in 1985, and is now involved largely with cattle in norther Australia, with headquarters in Brisbane - the oldest Company in Australia still with its original name (2nd oldest to Westpac which was originally Bank of NSW - 1817). Today’s Tamworth grew from these early 1834 origins. Mike Cashman - Tamworth Historical Society

A shearing team at Goonoo Goonoo Station in the early 1890’s.

structure at Calala Cottage in Denison Street. Their standard ration for the week, delivered by the Goonoo Goonoo ration cart, was 8 pounds of meat, 10 pounds of flour, 2 pounds of sugar and a quarter pound of tea. After most of the early shepherds were convicts, during the 1840’s men were selected for the task from various countries in Europe, but only earned a meagre wage of 26 pounds per annum by the early 1850’s. Descendants of many of these imported shepherds reside in Tamworth today.

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The Development of Railways in Australia Part 4 By Brian Sullivan

PART FOUR: (OF FIVE) Celebrating the Arrival of the Railway. To understand the excitement that came to towns and cities when they were connected to the rail network one must realise that train transport was revolutionary. It allowed people to travel to distant cities in a couple of days. An expensive, slow and uncomfortable ride on a stagecoach was replaced by a safe, comfortable, affordable and speedy trip on a train. Prices dropped on all goods, be they food, clothing or furniture when they arrived by train. Trains opened up a worldwide market for locally produced goods such as wool or wheat. Shops were able to offer delicate items for sale. Builders had access to large sheets of glass and bricks. Mail could be delivered to the city within two days. Politicians, celebrities and sporting teams were able to travel quickly around the country. City newspapers were only one day old when delivered. It is little wonder that communities large and small celebrated when linked to the rail network. I have chosen just three towns to demonstrate the extravagant celebrations which accompanied the arrival of the railway. The line from Quirindi to Tamworth had been completed for a couple of months but Tuesday, the 15th September 1878 was set as the date of the official opening of the train service to Tamworth. Government offices and banks opened for a short time but closed at 10.00 am to allow employees to join in the celebration. The pubs didn’t close. The official train carrying the State Governor and politicians was due to arrive at 4.00 pm. Thousands gathered at the West Tamworth Station well before the train was due. Come four o’clock there was no train. The specially selected coach horses were getting restless, but the crowd was patient. Just after six the train came to a stop where six thousand people had assembled. The Maitland train or trains bearing two thousand people came in a little later. The State Governor, Sir Hercules Robinson, opened the station and climbed aboard a gleaming Cobb and Co Coach drawn by six grey horses. Immediately behind the Governor’s coach another Cobb and Co Coach, reserved for lesser officials, was drawn by six chestnut horses. The one-and-a-half-mile long procession was led by the Worth’s Circus Band. The band was followed by marching Oddfellows, members of the fire brigade and mounted troopers. After the street procession three hundred invited guests adjourned to the goods shed at West Tamworth where they enjoyed a sumptuous four course banquet. The remainder, including those on the late train from Maitland lined up for their share of two bullocks which had been cooking slowly on a spit throughout the day. The circus performed, street performers entertained the crowd and the pubs did a roaring trade. On Wednesday, September 16 celebrations continued. In the evening 30 | Heartland Magazine

many joined the official party at a Ball in the Goods Shed where they danced the night away to music provided by The Wolverines. On Thursday, the final day of the celebrations the official guests returned to Sydney on a ministerial train and visitors began leaving town on special trains. Just six years later on the 12th August 1884 the small town of Glen Innes celebrated the official opening of its railway station. The Acting Minister for Works and his ministerial party had arrived by train earlier in the day. About mid-morning a procession from the Railway Station to Grey St got under way. Two troopers took up their positions. Behind them the Glen Innes Band assembled. Behind the band were the Oddfellows in full regalia, followed by townspeople, magistrates and buggies. They entered Grey St by passing under a huge archway of golden wattle. The procession concluded at the Tattersall’s Hotel where the official party mounted the steps to the balcony. Speeches were made by the Oddfellows and the Mayor and the acting minister declared the Glen Innes extension open. The official party then returned to the goods shed for a banquet. The temperature hovered around freezing point and a nagging wind pierced the gloom in the ill lit shed. The three hundred guests were seated at three long makeshift tables. The chairs were made of bush timber. Mr Dibbs lowered his considerable weight into a chair which crumbled beneath him. The Sydney papers lead story the next day was “The Downfall of Dibbs,” but Mr Dibbs survived, became premier on NSW on three occasions and Glen Innes had the railway. Just one year earlier the opening of the direct service between Australia’s two largest cities was celebrated when Victoria’s broadgauge line and the NSW standard gauge line met on either side of a long platform in Albury. The celebrations were lavish but there was really nothing to celebrate. Every bag of wheat and every bottle of wine had to be physically taken from one train and carried onto the other after the payment of tax. Every passenger had to crawl from his or her sleeper and transfer to another train. Yet the celebrations were grand. One newspaper described the event as “the greatest intercolonial gathering ever witnessed.” Premiers from both states were in attendance as were the two governors, The Marquis of Normandy, Governor of Victoria and Lord Augustus Loftus, Governor of NSW. The obligatory banquet to honour the occasion was held in the Albury engineering shed. To mark the occasion the Edison Electric Light Company which had been hired to illuminate the venue switched on two hundred party lights revealing the NSW Official Party dressed in full evening dress and the Victorians in Lounge Suits. The thousand guests were each served ten courses. Whether the celebrations were of the rustic variety experienced in Glen Innes or the more elaborate experienced in Albury communities celebrated when joined to a rail network.

Girls on Tour At Girls On Tour we strive to provide a unique, small group experience to meet the needs of today’s women. A combination of the right amount of organised tours and activities, with enough leisure time and free time to do some exploring of your own. You may be a seasoned traveller or travelling for the first time but either way we hope it will give you the travel bug and you will keep coming back for more. Come on your own, bring your daughter, your Mum, a friend or lots of friends, but do something for you today. Book that trip that you have been waiting to do all your life.

Vilma Arnold gets her wish In the last Issue (#34) of Heartland Magazine, we profiled the amazine Vilma Arnold. Vilma came in to our office one day and we started talking to her and learnt that she was 90 years old and loved life and lived every minute to the maximum. Vilma at the age of 82 took on her first Skydiving in Wollongong, south of Sydney. At 83 she climbed the Harbour Bridge and at 85 she swam with Dolphins. Note: Vilma is a keen Line Dancer and instructs 3 days a week. Vilma decided long ago that she needed to keep active as she was getting older. We asked Vilma what was next in her quest for adventure, she said she would love to Skydive again! We spoke to Vilma and asked could we profile her life and write about it, a little shy at first, she agreed.

Since 2006, Girls On Tour has been creating memories for ladies who have succumbed to the ‘travel bug’ and toured with our women-only small group tours. Our aim is to create affordable, well organised, exciting and memorable tours to all parts of the world for women travelling with women. “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”, Confucius.

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Meanwhile, our Sharon got on the phone and called Skydive Byron Bay, told them the story and they offered Vilma a Skydive on them. We arranged a date and time and Vilma was all for it. AT first the wind was gusting and causing concern for the staff at Skydive Byron Bay, Vilmas safety was paramount and they asked if we could postpone untilt he winds subsided. All good, we were back a week later. I must really thank Skydive Byron Bay staff and management, they were the perfect hosts and made us all comfortable. Vimas family also came to watch. Below, you can see some of the mornings adventure that Vilma had, she loved every minute and getting to know Vilma over the past few weeks has truely blessed all of us. Vilma you are wonderful and a true inspiration.

SOLAR ADVICE Essentially, solar panels operate by allowing the natural light from the sun to ‘enter’ its solar cells. The more natural light that hits the panel, the more energy the panel will generate. Below are 5 good reasons why it is important to have clean solar panels. that will not only function optimally, but also protect and maintain your investment. 1. Get Rid of the Poop By way of their positioning, solar panels are exposed to the risk of bird droppings. And, despite what you may think, the droppings don’t wash away naturally from rain. This will decrease the amount of light reaching the solar cells, thus diminishing the overall output of energy generation. Further, according to most solar panel manufactures regarding the performance of solar panels, the build-up of these droppings will adversely affect the panels ability to meet projected performance.

Just about every house these days have solar panels or solar heating on their roof, they are so common that we don’t really take any notice of them and they blend in to the roof line as part of the home. As a home owner, we know they are there for our hot water or supplying to the grid but do we ever think about how efficient they are after a few month, even years. It was an eye opener to speak with Glen from Gold Solar Cleaning, and learning about the maintenance that our solar panels need to keep them working at there capacity. Gold Solar Cleaning offer as the name says, they clean your solar panels and or solar hot water panels and gets them working back to there full capacity.

2. Prevent the Build-up of Dust & Dirt There are natural elements of dust and dirt that will cloud the surface of a solar panel, decreasing its optimum performance. If solar panels are not cleaned regularly, they will not operate at the performance level you projected, thus negatively impacting your financial returns and energy savings. 3. Benefit from Your Warranty In our experience, many manufacturers of solar panels have made solar panel cleaning a condition of their warranty. So, if something goes wrong with your panels and you don’t have proof of a regular maintenance and cleaning plan in place, the damage to your panels may not be covered by the warranty you bought. 4. Improve the Overall Energy Efficiency The increase in efficiency of solar panels that are cleaned regularly speaks for itself. Studies show that sizable increases in the solar efficiency of sites, for instance, go up by 10 – 30% when they are maintained properly through the use of regular cleaning services. Our own clients, who we regularly clean solar panels for, have a 25% greater performance compared with similar clients who do not make use of this vital service. This finding is further confirmed by the World Academy of Science, Engineering & Technology who say “a drop in the efficiency of a solar PV panel is not desired. One of the contributing factors in the drop of efficiency in solar PV panels is the accumulated dust on the solar panel. In practice, dust must be removed from the surface of solar PV panels in order to ensure highest performance.” Bottom line, if you want your panels to work and last as long as possible, take care of them and keep them clean by calling Glen on 0400 287 298.

Thermal image before cleaning

Before & After

Glen will look at your panels through thermal imaging to check that the solar panels are working before he cleans them. Cleaning them is definitely a specialists job, special brushes are used so as not to scratch the surfaces, Chemical free pure de-ionized water is used, the advantage of this is there are no spots or streaks on the panels after cleaning, unlike tap or tank water and or chemicals. After cleaning Glen takes another thermo image of your solar panels and the difference is remarkable, you can actually see from before and after how the solar panels are actually collecting the suns solar rays.

Glen’s service is perfect for long term life of your panels, peak performance, maintain your manufacturer’s warranty and saving on your investment. Then there is the safety aspect, Glen is Certified Work safely at heights. Sweat equity has its downside, though, and manually cleaning solar panels can come with risks. First, you (or the person who is doing the cleaning) risk personal injury. If you’re not comfortable on your roof, consider your personal safety before ascending a ladder. Also, while soap and water won’t hurt your solar panels, you still run the risk of damaging them (remember this is an electrical system you’re cleaning) or even your roof if you don’t know what you’re doing. Leave it to Glen, solution and safety taken care of and a good investment and cheaper than you may think. Gold Solar Cleaning is available on 0400 287 298 and covers the northern rivers and any amount of solar panels.

5. Rain Won’t Do the Job Take a moment and look at your car windscreen. Ask yourself, when was the last time you cleaned your window screen? Considering if you didn’t have it cleaned, you’d have trouble seeing when you drive. Imagine the grime and dust that would’ve accumulated on the screen over 6 – 12 months of not having it cleaned. Even if it rained, the grime on your window screen would accumulate and create a green film, reducing your ability to see through it. Rain itself contains airborne dust particles that attach to the surface of the screen once the water evaporates. Your windshield wipers themselves don’t reach this film of grime and dirt. Solar panels are essentially the same. They are exposed the same elements as your car windshield, creating a loss efficiency due to a loss of light caused by dirt and dust. To maximise efficiency of your panels, you can’t rely on rain alone. To ensure our clients renewable system is performing optimally, we offer management services to suit the facility’s needs and internal resources. We offer monthly reporting, monthly cleaning, rapid response and regular site inspections. Advertorial

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Frank Hannigan in Profile Frank Hannigan The Hannigan Family have been a large part of the Casino business landscape for many generations, helping to improve our herd. Frank Hannigan and his family have built their empire over many years and a lot of hard work, carving out their place within our community and beyond. Born in 1951 at Casino Hospital to parents Francis Joseph Hannigan and Lyla Hannigan, maiden name Bracks, Frank Hannigan is the second last of 9 children. Growing up on the family dairy farm, Frank was used to early mornings and helping in the workload of running the family farm. From the age of 4, Frank was riding horses and driving tractors and trucks by the age of 10. Soon after he was ploughing paddocks and helping where he could to ensure the successful running of the family farm. Frank’s father would rise early to get the cattle in for milking and Lyla would prepare tea and toast and take it to Francis at

the dairy for morning tea. Meanwhile Frank and his sister, Helen would be saddling their horses, Toppa and Pinto to ride to school but not before having a last-minute check by Mum, Lyla. While Toppa and Pinto grazed in the school’s horse paddock Frank attended Woodview Public Primary School, which was a small school with 30 children learning from Mr Andy Costello. Like most country kids of that time riding home from school often included mustering the dairy cows on the way and sometimes riding with friends Kerry Handford and John Hyde. Completing grades 1 to 6 at Woodview, Frank then boarded at St John’s College Woodlawn Boarding School from 1964 to 1969. Frank enjoyed his time at St John’s College and was fully immersed into the proud rugby league culture which the school maintained a very high standard. The big disappointment came in 1968 when Frank played in his first losing match for the first time in the 5 years, he had been attending the school. During a conversation with Gary Bugden, Frank was asked what his future-plans were after completing high school. With the ambition and interest in business and potentially owning his own business one day, Gary suggested becoming a solicitor as this often involved advising business owners. From this conversation Frank was sold on the idea of becoming a solicitor and the wheels were set in motion for what was to become a very successful career decision. After completing his studies at St John’s College Woodlawn, Frank gained employment at T.E Rummery & Sons Solicitors in Lismore where he studied Law by correspondence through the Legal Admissions Board and Sydney University. Throughout this time Franks passion for rugby continued as he played for Brothers Rugby Union Club on Saturdays and 1st grade for Marist Brothers rugby league on Sundays. Between his weekend rugby commitments and his work and studies with law, Frank also worked nights at hotels. Wanting to push himself further Frank applied and successfully gained employment at Cassidy Gibson & Co Solicitors in Cronulla Sydney. Although Frank attended Sydney University at night, he still managed to have energy to play rugby union for St George and rugby league for Hurstville Catholic Club. While taking a break from his legal studies from 1973 to 1975, Frank met and married Lorena Yager in 1975 and continued to live in Cronulla. The studies began to pay off as in 1979 Frank was admitted to practice law. Soon after Frank and Lorena moved from Cronulla to Tumbi Umbi where Frank was a partner at a legal practice called Hannagan’s. Soon after in 1982, the couple left the Central Coast and moved to the Far North Coast to open up the Hannagan’s practice in Casino.

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Frank Hannigan in Profile Frank did not have the benefit of an existing loyal clientele, so he set out to be an advocate in the Court system to gain personal references from those who he represented. This was successful and at one stage Frank achieved 21 successive victories in defended matters in the Local Court. Mr Jacobson the Chamber Magistrate said it was a record for the Northern Rivers. Welcomed back to the community, Frank was appointed to the Board of St Vincent’s Hospital in Lismore. In 1985 Frank was appointed to Diocese Financial Counsel as well as Diocese Investment Fund and Diocese Superannuation Fund all of which he chaired for many years until he resigned in 2016. Through Frank’s law career, he has been to High Court on 5 occasions and to Full Federal Court, Federal Court, Family Court, Court of Appeal, Supreme Court, District Court, and of course Local Court. Extending the business and branching into other fields, Frank owned and conducted an accounting practice which was managed by his sister Helen Hannigan and Mr Bob McInnes. He also purchased a legal practice in Kyogle from Mr David Jones, and set up a legal practice in Woodburn and Evans Head. Frank’s daughter’s Monique and Renee assist to operate the legal practice.

chickens are grown over a 12 month period.

Frank Hannigan enjoys his success and is blessed to reside on the original farm of 335 acres purchased by his grandfather in 1905. Frank purchased this property from his father in 1986 and since that time Frank and his wife Lorena added to the original farm. The area is now about 3,500 acres. As well as this property, Frank has successfully purchased land on the Horton River west of Bingara (NSW) which totals about 4,500 acres. This land is used to feed and fatten cattle for sale. Lorena and Frank had 5 children, who have gone onto have 11 grandchildren between them. Unfortunately, Lorena has since passed away, however Hannigan’s many enterprises keep Frank and his family busy and connected. Frank and the Hannigan name has protected and improved our community for many years through their businesses. From the generations past, to the present and into the future, the success of Hannigan’s and their continued work within our community will continue to grow and flourish.

Farming and the love of cattle and the land has never left Frank Hannigan’s core and since the mid 1980’s he has conducted the Franco Hereford Stud, having an annual sale. The cattle stud consists of cattle who are registered with a breed society and the breeding details of each animal are recorded. This enables people within the industry to trace the families within the pedigree. Currently most animals are subject to D.N.A., are weighed constantly as well as being scanned to establish the fat cover, eye muscle area and the intramuscular fat. Franco’s has approximately 300 registered cows and 50 bulls at any one time as well as also boasting a commercial beef operation, having about 700 breeder cows and about 20 bulls. Including family is at the core of Frank’s various business decisions as Brett, his son, oversees the Franco Hereford Stud. Brett is also the manager of Frank’s broiler farm which grows out chickens for Ingham’s. There are 6 sheds, each are 137.5 metres long and 15 metres wide. Each shed holds approximately 35,000 chickens, being a total of about 210,000 chickens at any one time on the farm. The chickens are turned over about 6 times per year meaning about 1,200,000 Heartland Magazine | 35

AWE Engineering Nathan Myers started his apprenticeship under Ian Armstrong at AWE Engineering in September 2002 and stayed on after completion of his trade. In November 2018 Laurie Predeloon sold AWE Engineering to Nathan and Anne Myers. Nathan has grown from in his time at AWE from a tadpole in a big pond AWE Engineering as an apprentice to a full blown machinist, to owner of one of Lismore’s busiest machine and fabrication shops. AWE strives to provide quality repairs and fabrication from personal to horticultural to industrial projects. Repairs to farm equipment, fertiliser spreaders, excavators, hydraulics, trucks and more. They also repair bent and cracked rims. Workshop machining

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Batwing mower

Batwing slasher

The second world war, the largest in all of history, shaped nearly every aspect of our modern world. Our economy, our infrastructure, our politics; all were shaped by this single cataclysmic conflict. More so than any before it, World War 2 was a war not just of guns and soldiers, but one of innovation and production. The industrial might of every nation in the world was tested, to the point where many historians argue that the war was won as much by machine shops as by machine guns. A nation in shock was plunged suddenly into the greatest war it had ever partaken in, but the machine shops were ready to pick up the slack. War production ramped up fast, and thanks to the preparation of manufacturing companies, more lathes, mills, and grinders were produced in 1942 than in in any year prior. In fact, the years between 1940 and 1943 saw more machine tool production than the preceding forty combined. Many manufacturers instead focused on producing increasingly specialized tools that could quickly and efficiently manufacture the weapons and vehicles needed overseas. They manufactured over 300,000 planes, 100,000 tanks, and 2,000,000 machine guns. The titan of manufacturing that the US became was one of the key factors in the Allied victory, and none of it would’ve been possible without thousands of hard working machinists, fabricators, and manufacturers.

GRAFTON REGIONAL GALLERY

presents

Men of Yulgilbar Grafton Regional Gallery, October 24 to December 8, 2019 Following the successful Women of Yulgilbar exhibition in March 2017, this exhibition features some of the many men whose hard work and leadership skills ensured that Yulgilbar remains a successful and much-loved historic rural property of the Clarence Valley. Men of Yulgilbar explores the lives and contributions of the men whose work has shaped Yulgilbar’s history, including Bundjalung leader Toolbillibam, Edward Ogilvie, Allan Rogan, Sam Hordern, Baillieu Myer, Rob Sinnamon, Boxer Kroehnert and the Yulgilbar shepherds. This exhibition presents incredible historic photographs, as well as artifacts and stories that give us unique insights into these men’s lives, and the life of Yulgilbar station as an ever-evolving mainstay in Australia’s station history. This exhibition was curated by Jennifer Baldwin and Lianne Hart, of the Yulgilbar Archives.

Men of Yulgilbar

October 24 to December, 2019

Front: Tom Roberts, Edward D.S Ogilvie, 1894-1895. Oil painting. Image courtesy of the State Library of NSW. Inside leaf: Photographer unknown, Workers on Yulgilbar roof, date unknown. Photograph. Image courtesy of the Clarence River Historical Society. Inside from top left: Kathleen Ogilvie, Bundjalung men and women on the banks of the Clarence River, c1895. Photograph. Image courtesy of the State Library of NSW. Tom Roberts, Edward D.S Ogilvie, 1894-1895. Oil painting. Image courtesy of the State Library of NSW. Photographer unknown, Allan Rogan, date unknown. Photograph. Image courtesy of the Rogan family. Samuel Hordern CMG OBE. Sir William Alexander Dargie, 1960. Oil on canvas. Image courtesy of the Heritage Centre, Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales. Paul Fitzgerald, Sidney Baillieu Myer AC, c1985. Oil on canvas. Image courtesy of the artist and Myer family. Photographer unknown, Rob Sinnamon, date unknown. Photograph. Image courtesy of the Sinnamon family. Artist unknown, Shepherd and his dog, date unknown. Photograph. Image courtesy of Museum of English Rural Life. Photographer unknown, Cecil Frederick (Boxer) Kroehnert, date unknown. Photograph. Image courtesy of the Kroehnert family. Mary Ellen Bundock, Original Yulgilbar homestead, 1850-1852. Oil painting. Image courtesy of the National Library of Australia.

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Toolbillibam The leader of the local Bundjalung people at the time of Ogilvie’s arrival, Toolbillibam guided his people through the difficult period of European settlement. Under his leadership the traditional owners were able to continue to live on their country at a time when many other groups were being displaced. He forged a lasting friendship with Ogilvie and earned the respect of all who met him.

Yulgilbar Shepherds Yulgilbar made its fortune off the sheep’s back and those sheep were painstakingly cared for by a host of shepherds who lived at various Yulgilbar outstations. Many of them were ex-convicts and new immigrants looking for a new start in life. All sheep had to be accounted for, so the shepherds were required to give them 24-hour protection from predators. Sheep gave way to cattle after the wet years of the early 1860s and so this ancient occupation was consigned to history.

Baillieu Myer On the death of Bails’ father-in-law Sam Hordern in 1960, Bails and his wife Sarah became joint owners of Yulgilbar. Together they restored the crumbling Castle and Bails has applied his prodigious management skills to ensuring that Yulgilbar continues to thrive as one of Australia’s premier Santa Gertrudis studs and that it’s unique heritage is protected and shared.

Allan Rogan Allan Rogan was the last of the old-style cattlemen, starting work at Yulgilbar as a stockman in the 1950s before serving as manager between 1964 and 1987. He was a renowned horseman and bushman and could speak fluent Bundjalung. Many young cattlemen learned their skills and values working with Allan.

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Sam Hordern The owner of Yulgilbar from 1949 until his death in 1960, Sam Hordern and his wife June were well-loved by the Yulgilbar and Baryulgil communities. Sam introduced Santa Gertrudis cattle and Quarter Horses from King Ranch in the United States in the early 1950s and recognised the importance of protecting Yulgilbar’s unique wildlife.

Edward Ogilvie Taking advantage of the new opportunities becoming available in the Clarence Valley, Edward Ogilvie and his brother laid claim to Yulgilbar Station in 1840. Making his fortune in wool, Ogilvie travelled extensively before building the beautiful home that became known as Yulgilbar Castle. He replaced the sheep with cattle in the 1860s and set the foundation for the muchadmired cattle station that Yulgilbar remains today.

Boxer Kroehnert A master of his craft, Boxer Kroehnert was responsible for building many of the heritage structures seen on Yulgilbar today – wooden stockyards, post and rail fences, barns and even tank stands. He was a champion axeman and found a welcome home at Yulgilbar for many years. His work has stood the test of time and has given Yulgilbar its distinctive and timeless look.

Rob Sinnamon The current manager of Yulgilbar, Rob Sinnamon was born into the cattle industry and spent his childhood showing cattle and honing his skills as a cattle judge. He ran his family’s very successful Robenlea Santa Gertrudis stud for many years before becoming manager of Yulgilbar in 2002. Under his management Yulgilbar has diversified into cropping and pasture improvement to support its expanding grazing operation.

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Little Valley Farm

Little Valley Farm is an alpaca breeding farm located at Laguna in the Wollombi Valley (Lower Hunter Valley). They specialize in breeding Huacaya and Suri alpaca’s in white, fawn and have recently added some coloured alpacas to the herd. They carry up to 40 alpacas on their 50-acre property called Little Valley Farm. The owners, Daniela Riccio and Euan Wilcox, moved to Laguna back in 2012 after spending nearly fifteen years working and living across Europe and Asia. When living in Europe, Daniela and Euan would visit her father’s family farm just 40 minutes outside Naples. From there the interest grew in ‘one-day’ living on a farm. “Little did we know it would be off-grid with alpacas and growing garlic in the Hunter Valley.” Euan worked in digital marketing and product development world for nearly 30 years in 8 countries. Daniela was an editor for luxury travel and shopping guide in Asia and had her online business in Singapore. They sold up, moved back to Sydney and landed on an off-grid old lavender farm in Laguna after spending some time traveling around Australia. “The first thing we did was the endless weeding, then the fencing and quickly sourced a small herd of alpacas. We also ventured into the world of miniature Galloway cattle and Dorper sheep but soon realized how mischievous sheep are after they consumed our entire vegetable garden. The cattle we kept for a while until the drought-hit and the price of hay skyrocketed. In a positive fashion, the drought made us change a few things about running our farm and solely focus on breeding alpacas and growing garlic, so we sold the sheep and cows. One important factor for us is that alpacas are very gentle on the land, efficient eaters and easy to handle. They help us improve the soil and grass in each paddock as we rotate them from paddock to paddock.” 40 | Heartland Magazine

Little Valley Farm is a small family run business and they understand how hard it can be to set up a farm especially with such unique animals like alpacas and also not coming from a farming background and having to learn everything pretty quickly. For new alpaca owners, they offer handson training workshops that are stressfree for the animals. They also provide information on the correct shelters and pens, shearing and general alpaca maintenance and grooming as well as updates on animal healthcare and put them in touch with the correct shearers. They are now moving into a larger production of utilising the alpaca yarn via a mill based in Orange (Adagio) but most of the fleece is sold raw to spinners, knitters or used in-house. “We love how sustainable, long-lasting, warm and functional alpaca yarn is. We are part of the Australian Alpaca Association and it’s great to see what our networks is doing around Australia.” One good thing that did come out of the drought, after we sold our last cows due to the cost of feed was to think more about diversification. Daniela went back to her marketing & PR roots and started BOUTIQUE Public Relations, a digital engagement company focusing on Agritourism and rural-based businesses. She can run the farm and the online business from home working with small businesses and farmers in the Hunter and Sydney hinterlands. Euan recently joined her as the business expanded. Little Valley Farm also offers a unique farm stay experience with accommodation available in their vintage 1950’s red rattler train carriage and shepherds hut. They cater to couples and small groups through an off-grid glamping which has been highly successful for them.

Christmas Treats

Hansel and Gretel fairy-tale or the popular Christmas treat came first, but the making, decorating and eating of the gingerbread house is enjoyed by many children today.

Brandy Snaps Originating in England, Christopher Jon Thomas is believed to have introduced the tasty desert called Brandy Snaps. There are references to brandy snaps in recipes as early as 1802. Brandy snaps were actually unrelated to the alcoholic beverage, “branded” as in burnt-brand schnapps. Like so many of our Christmas traditions, brandy snaps were brought to Australia by English settlers and are still enjoyed today. Fruit Mince Pies Although today we know the mince pies and Christmas pudding to be fruity and spiced sweet treats, original puddings and mince pies were made with meet, traced back to crusaders from the 13th Century who brought the spices and meets back from the Middle East. Fruit mince pies became a status symbol in England, as the richer people showed off at parties with the treats showing they were able to afford the ingredients and best pastry chiefs. Oliver Cromwell made it illegal to have mince pies in order to curb gluttony. Luckily today this law doesn’t exist in Australia as many Aussies enjoy the spiced fruit mince pies. Gingerbread Houses Ginger being the main ingredient for the decorated houses, it is believed that the gingerbread house originated in Germany in the 16th Century. Crusaders were responsible with bring ginger to the West from the Middle East and the ingredient was not available which is why at Christmas time it was considered a delicacy. It is unclear if the

Christmas Lights The first Christmas lights were hand wired in 1882 by Edison Illumination Company. Carefully wiring 80 blue, red and white lights together, Edward H. Johnson had created a new modern way to carry on the long tradition of Christmas lights. Taken from Pagan yule rituals, Christmas candles were used to celebrate the return of the sun as the days grow longer after the solstice. The candles were placed on the tree and eventually were replaced by electrical lighting. Christmas lights evolved from there and made their way to other areas on the house as well as outdoors to what we see today as the impressive light displays, we enjoy now. Christians use the symbolism of light as a reminder to look toward a brighter tomorrow and to offer compassion and hope to those around them. Today Christmas lights spread cheer and happiness and attract all types of people to come together as one community to share in the festive.

4 Prize Draws to be Won

Every Saturday morning from 16th November to 21st December

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Casino Chamber of Commerce & Industry Ph: 0420 933 864 www. casinobusiness.net.au Heartland Magazine | 43

Editorial Glen Goldthorpe; Pristine Water Systems Northern Rivers

and well-being,” he said. “Tank cleaning is hugely important; the stuff I have pulled out of tanks you wouldn’t believe.

AFTER many successful years in the Trucking industry, Glen Goldthorpe said it was time to move to an industry that would really benefit his local community.

“Roofs pick up anything and when you’re in country areas there’s also crop spraying and pesticides washed into tanks, then there’re flying foxes, birds, rats, faeces - the list goes on.

Mr Goldthorpe is Pristine Water Systems Australia’s latest catch. He services the Northern Rivers, NSW area. Pristine Water Systems Australia offers a wide range of water purification products and replacement filters and cartridges for homes, businesses, caravans and restaurants. Using a revolutionary water tank cleaning process called QuadClean™ for cleaning and sanitising stored water supplies in a wide range of domestic, rural and commercial situations. This specialised cleaning process removes debris from the bottom of the tank, such as leaf mould, mud, animal faeces and carcasses and these are vacuumed and pumped out without the need to empty the entire tank. The self-professed down-to-earth operator he loves a chat and is committed to his customers’ needs. But Mr Goldthorpe stressed the often over-looked importance of clean tank water. “Our body relies heavily on clean, pure water for general good health

Glen; Tank Cleaning: Passionate about his work: Glen Goldthorpe of Pristine Water Systems knows the importance of regular water tank maintenance to provide clean and healthy drinking water.

getting their tanks checked annually.”

“It’s not high on people’s priority list but (tank cleaning) is a necessity and inexpensive. “People should probably be

Mr Goldthorpe enjoys a relaxed lifestyle that involves spending time with his family and therefore urges everyone to live life to their fullest with clean, healthy water. He said water conservation was one of the most important topics for the region. This has led to more water storage tanks being installed and a demand for pure drinking water that Mr Goldthorpe is committed to being at the forefront of for home, rural and commercial water purification in the region. If a customer drinks rainwater, Pristine Water Systems Australia also offers a range of rainwater filtration and disinfection systems tailormade to suit their needs. Mr Goldthorpe has worked for Pristine Water Systems Australia for few months now but said the franchise had been around since 2003. To get in contact phone Glen Goldthorpe on 0427 765 111.

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Cleaning water tanks regularly will help prevent algae from lining the interior and keep sediments from building up at the bottom of the tank. It will also limit disease-carrying insects and vermin from residing in the tank. A clean water tank will also allow it to maintain water quality, colour and smell. If a water tank is left uncleaned, the water it contains may be easily polluted with bacteria that can cause gastro-intestinal diseases, cholera, dysentery, and other water-borne infections. When a water tank has not been cleaned for a long period, it may become too harmful to use for water consumption or even for cleaning, hence, may need to be replaced.

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My Education - continued from Issue 34 p29 Year Six Our teacher in year six was Mr Hughes. He was very well liked and respected by the boys and, although strict, managed to make learning fun. We were the ‘big kids’ again. As seniors in primary we had special privileges. We took turns as ‘Road Safety Monitors’. At three-twenty two boys had the job of putting up the ‘Children Crossing’ flags at the marked crossing in front of the school. They then held ‘Stop’ flags to control the traffic for children who had to cross the road. The boy and girl school captains were appointed from year six by the principal. Their job was to represent the school at official functions. Anzac day, sports carnivals, Empire day (Cracker Night), were special days when the captains had to make a speech on behalf of the pupils of the school. They would also officially welcome important visitors that came to the school. Lessons now included long division and division of money. Before Decimal currency we had Pounds, Shillings and Pence. There were twenty shillings in a pound and twelve pence in a shilling. We also used halfpennies. Division of money was very difficult but by the end of year six most of us had mastered it. By the end of year six, the first part, my primary education, was complete. Year Seven (First Year) 1952 was the year when I began High School. There were three different courses offered for new pupils. The first, a two language commercial course included French and Latin together with Bookkeeping and Business Principals. It also had Maths 1 and Maths 2, Physics and Chemistry. Course two, a one language commercial course

46 | Heartland Magazine

was much the same but didn’t include Latin. Instead of Physics and Chemistry it had General Science. The third option was a non-language technical course. This had no languages and didn’t have Bookkeeping, Maths 1 and Maths 2, Business Principals, or Physics and Chemistry. These were replaced with Woodwork, Metalwork, Technical Drawing, for the boys, cooking and needlework for the girls, with English, General Maths and General Science. Much of the Maths now involved algebra and we were taught to learn, and apply formulas to solve equations.

School. All the children from the district country schools were brought to town by bus each day to complete their education. I met lots of new pupils and made many new friends.

With my parents guidance I undertook the nonlanguage technical course. This placed me in 1C. I didn’t have just one teacher any more. A different specialist teacher instructed each subject. Most written subjects were undertaken in our homeroom but specialised subjects required that the class move to the specialised room. There were special rooms for Science, Woodwork, Metalwork, Cooking, Needlework, Music, Library, etc. There were specialist teachers for Physical Education. They didn’t have a room and these activities were carried out in the playground.

Year Six

In High School girls and boys occupied the same room. Girls sat on one side of the room and boys on the other. We had separate playgrounds and were discouraged from communicating with each other over the fence. We had a school social each term, and the P. E. teachers brought the girls and boys together for dancing lessons for a week or two before each social. This was the only time girls and boys could officially get together at school. We had a wider selection of sport in High School. In summer I took swimming and tennis in winter. The number of pupils in my class doubled in High

At the end of Year Seven I came First in General Science and Second in Technical Drawing. I was in the top five or six in all the other subjects. This placed me fourth in 1C and nineteenth in Year Seven. There were about 120 pupils in year Seven. I was called up to the Principals office and scolded for not taking the two-language course.

Our teacher in year six was Mr Hughes. He was very well liked and respected by the boys and, although strict, managed to make learning fun. We were the ‘big kids’ again. As seniors in primary we had special privileges. We took turns as ‘Road Safety Monitors’. At three-twenty two boys had the job of putting up the ‘Children Crossing’ flags at the marked crossing in front of the school. They then held ‘Stop’ flags to control the traffic for children who had to cross the road. The boy and girl school captains were appointed from year six by the principal. Their job was to represent the school at official functions. Anzac day, sports carnivals, Empire day (Cracker Night), were special days when the captains had to make a speech on behalf of the pupils of the school. They would also officially welcome important visitors that came to the school. Lessons now included long division and division of money. Before Decimal currency we had Pounds, Shillings and Pence. There were twenty shillings in a pound and twelve pence in a shilling. We also used halfpennies. Division of money was very

difficult but by the end of year six most of us had mastered it. By the end of year six, the first part, my primary education, was complete. Year Seven (First Year) 1952 was the year when I began High School. There were three different courses offered for new pupils. The first, a two language commercial course included French and Latin together with Bookkeeping and Business Principals. It also had Maths 1 and Maths 2, Physics and Chemistry. Course two, a one language commercial course was much the same but didn’t include Latin. Instead of Physics and Chemistry it had General Science. The third option was a non-language technical course. This had no languages and didn’t have Bookkeeping, Maths 1 and Maths 2, Business Principals, or Physics and Chemistry. These were replaced with Woodwork, Metalwork, Technical Drawing, for the boys, cooking and needlework for the girls, with English, General Maths and General Science. Much of the Maths now involved algebra and we were taught to learn, and apply formulas to solve equations. With my parents guidance I undertook the nonlanguage technical course. This placed me in 1C. I didn’t have just one teacher any more. A different specialist teacher instructed each subject. Most written subjects were undertaken in our homeroom but specialised subjects required that the class move to the specialised room. There were special rooms for Science, Woodwork, Metalwork, Cooking, Needlework, Music, Library, etc. There were specialist teachers for Physical Education. They didn’t have a room and these activities were carried out in the playground. In High School girls and boys occupied the same

room. Girls sat on one side of the room and boys on the other. We had separate playgrounds and were discouraged from communicating with each other over the fence. We had a school social each term, and the P. E. teachers brought the girls and boys together for dancing lessons for a week or two before each social. This was the only time girls and boys could officially get together at school. We had a wider selection of sport in High School. In summer I took swimming and tennis in winter. The number of pupils in my class doubled in High School. All the children from the district country schools were brought to town by bus each day to complete their education. I met lots of new pupils and made many new friends. At the end of Year Seven I came First in General Science and Second in Technical Drawing. I was in the top five or six in all the other subjects. This placed me fourth in 1C and nineteenth in Year Seven. There were about 120 pupils in year Seven. I was called up to the Principals office and scolded for not taking the two-language course. My father had advised me to get in good with the cooks. I introduced myself to them as soon as I arrived at Singleton and asked if they needed any help. I peeled lots of potatoes with a peeling machine, helped fill the boilers and learned to make cocoa by the bucket full. In return I was able to help myself to anything in the mess hall. I got out of many other chores because the cooks ‘needed’ my help in the kitchen. My father’s advice turned out to be very good. While we were there we went out for a ‘mock battle’. We were all issued with five rounds of blank 303 ammunition, and marched out into the forest to shoot at pupils from some of the other schools.

They shot at us. When we were marched back to camp we had to give back the spent bullet shells and any live rounds we had left, but many shells had been lost in the long grass. Some unfired shells were simply hidden and kept as souvenirs. One of the boys from our school kept a live round and left it in his rifle. The rifles were all stacked pointing upward around the centre tent post and the boy had hung his beret over the barrel of his gun. During the night he pulled the trigger of his rifle and fired the blank cartridge. The blast woke everybody up and blew a hole through his beret. Nobody knew where the noise came from, except us eight in the same tent as him. The next morning he simply walked over to one of the tents, which housed pupils from another school, and swapped berets while they were having breakfast. I often wondered how the hole was explained to that poor kid’s teachers. His older brother was a member of the Citizens Military Forces – a part time soldier. He had given him a practice grenade. This was a large firecracker, which emitted a huge amount of smoke when it exploded. He exploded this in our officer’s tent at about four o’clock one morning. The teachers came out coughing and spitting from the smoke that they had inhaled. By the time the teachers had evacuated their tent he was back in his own tent. An immediate parade was called and we were all lined up in our pyjamas. Nobody would be going back to bed until the culprit came forward. After about fifteen minutes of total silence the teachers decided that the perpetrator must have been from another school. We returned to bed. Contributed by a unanimous reader © 2019 Heartland Magazine and will be continued in Issue 36 of Heartland Magazine

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Heartland Magazine | 47

AUSSIE MOTORING

The History of Holden

coupe and on the rear doors of the sedans.

The Holden Gemini

Gemini TC production totalled 17,257 units.

First generation TX (1975–1977)

TD (1977-1979)

The Holden Gemini is a compact car that was produced by Holden and sold in Australasia from 1975 to 1986. It was based on the Japanese Isuzu Gemini, one of the many models based on the GM T-car platform.

The TD series was introduced in April 1978, with the most major change over the TC being the introduction of “Radial Tuned Suspension” and the option of a five-speed manual transmission. The differential was replaced with a small Salisbury unit as used in the UC Torana; it used tapered Timken wheel bearings as found on all larger Holdens since mid-1971. In April 1979, the rear brakes were changed to Commodore leading-trailing rear drum assemblies.

The original Holden Gemini model, the TX series, was introduced in February 1975. It was available as a four-door sedan in S and SL specification levels, and as a two-door SL coupe. The TX Gemini was built at Holden’s factory at Acacia Ridge, Queensland, and contained a high percentage of Australian content. All TX models shared the same 1.6-litre SOHC Isuzu engine (coded the G161Z). The engine was chain-driven and incorporated a crossflow design, alloy head. A two-barrel “Nikki” Stromberg carburettor was used on Australian models. Early TX models used a cast-iron, free-flow exhaust manifold, with two outlets into a “Y” pipe (this item is commonly used by modifiers for later models). From November 1976, this was changed to a single-outlet exhaust header to comply with EPA regulations. Wheel size was 13” x 4.5”; rear brakes were duo-servo units, similar in design to those used in the six-cylinder Torana. Early models used the MSE-type four-speed manual transmission; reverse was positioned to the “left and back”. November 1975 had the introduction of the MSG-type four-speed; reverse on this transmission was to the right and back position. The TX SL sedan was voted Wheels Car of the Year for 1975, and was the most popular four-cylinder car on the Australian market.

Exterior appearance was changed with the introduction of a new grille, rectangular headlights (round on base models), wheels were now 13 in × 5 in (33 cm × 13 cm), and the rear number plate was relocated in place of the rear garnish panel. A panel van and three-door wagon were also added to the range, best car in the world bodywork pressings being from the British Vauxhall Chevette/Bedford Chevanne range. Also new was the SL/E version, which used many interior options from the TC “Sandpiper” series, such as the radio/cassette, fourspoke steering wheel, timber dash inserts, velour seat trim, loop-pile carpet, and timber (Hardboard) door-trim inserts. The SL/E also received the five-speed manual transmission as standard. Externally, appearance was further enhanced to include stainless steel headlight and grille surrounds, thick stainless steel door windowframe mouldings, and GM-H designed alloy wheels similar to Sunbird SL/E. Coupes and sedans had colour-coded side mirrors similar to those of Sunbird SL/E and HZ Sandman, door-trims were extended to cover the top of the doors. The SL/E was replaced by the SL/X in early 1979. It had a slightly lower equipment level, but a more competitive price. Also, a limitededition “Gypsy” package was optional on panel vans, which included extra instrumentation and identifying decals. Heated rear windscreens were now standard on all but base model sedans, panel vans, and wagons. Nylon plaid cloth inserts were available on SLs and wagons, and air conditioning was available as an optional accessory

TC (1977–1978) The TC Gemini was sold between March 1977 and April 1978. This model received a minor facelift from the TX, appearance was enhanced by a bolder vertical front grille, and at the rear, a silver garnish panel (as opposed to the TX’s black). A new Smiths-brand heater, demister, and ventilation system was used, and the two small vents at each end of the dash were removed on this model, except on vehicles fitted with air conditioning. A “Fashion Pack” interior was now available on both sedan and coupe models; this option was also upgraded to add steel-belted radials and a front stabilising bar. Door side-impact beams were introduced to improve safety, and SL coupes had a heated rear windscreen. In April 1977, a limited-edition “Sandpiper” model was also offered in both sedan and coupe bodiess. They were identified by a black grille with stainless steel top edge, gold pin stripes, chequered cloth seat inserts and door trims, wood-grain dash sections, radio/cassette player, a four-spoke steering wheel, and the A9R (Fashion Pack) suspension package. Externally, they were easily identified by the word “Sandpiper” and a bird decal on the side rear quarters of the 48 | Heartland Magazine

TE (1979-1982) The TE series Gemini was introduced in October 1979. It featured significant exterior changes with new front and rear styling, comparable with the Isuzu Gemini and Holden Commodore models of the same era. By this time, the Opel Kadett had been changed to front wheel drive and no longer resembled the original Kadett C. The TE was the most popular of all the Geminis, selling over 70,000 units. Initially only available as a sedan, in February 1980, the panel van and station wagon were added to the line-up, while the coupé version was no longer available. The luxury SL/E version was also removed from the line-up, replaced instead with an SL/X variant. In 1981, the TE was introduced to New Zealand, replacing the Britishsourced Vauxhall Chevette range.

AUSSIE MOTORING A limited-edition “Gypsy” van was made available in February 1980 and was offered with a tachometer and console gauges. Individual plaid cloth seats were available (a different plaid from other earlier Geminis). The Gypsy featured blacked-out grille treatment and door window surrounds, square headlights, full chrome bumpers, and full-length headlining and carpet (regular vans had vinyl flooring as standard). Gypsys are now a highly collectible Gemini model, with original examples estimated to be worth over A$20,000 to avid collectors. Engine options originally stayed the same. In early 1981, the option of a 1.8-litre Isuzu diesel model was introduced, fitted with an M76 five-speed gearbox. This one was also a strong seller in Indonesia, where it was popular as a taxi. In Australia, all diesel Geminis were only available as an SL/X five-speed manual. Rhone Green was a colour made available exclusively for the diesel, but other colours in the range could be ordered, also. Production of the diesel commenced in March 1981. TF (1982-1983) The facelifted TF series Gemini was released in March 1982. It was offered in four-door sedan, three-door wagon, and two-door van variants. All models gained new grille treatments, and the SL/X variant received flush headlamps. The interior received major revisions with a new dashboard (creating the impression of more space in the vehicle) and a relocated steering column that put the steering wheel in line with the driver, rather than angled towards the centre of the car. The styling is often compared to the then-current VH Commodore range, but in fact the styling was introduced on the Isuzu Gemini in 1981 and carried across to the Australian model. TG (1983-1985) The TG series was released in March 1983. The SL and SL/X versions of TG had an appearance exactly like the TF SL/X, with the flush head lamps, plastic bumpers, and tail lights very similar to that on a VH Commodore. However, the base model of the TG continued the TF theme, with many examples now confused for TF models. Base-model vehicles had vinyl seats, no clock or cigarette lighter, and no console around the shifter. The engine continued to be the 66 PS (49 kW) 1.6-litre as per previous versions, with the optional 54 PS (40 kW) 1.8 diesel also available. In 1983, a performance model, named the ZZ/Z (triple zed), was added. The ZZ/Z was always silver, with a body kit consisting of a front bar, wind splitters on top of the guards, a bobtail boot spoiler, alloy wheels, and blue and black ZZ/Z decals. The ZZ/Z was often thought to come with the twin-cam engine that was used in the Isuzu Gemini ZZ/R of the same era, but the ZZ/Z was strictly a cosmetic version and came with the standard running gear of other models. A five-speed manual gearbox was standard, with somewhat altered gearing; an automatic transmission was not available. The Gemini was built in Holden’s Acacia Ridge plant, which closed in October 1984 after all Gemini production had come to a halt. However, wagon and panel-van production came to a gradual halt in mid-1984, as Vauxhall had ended production of the roof and the tailgate used on these models. Sourcing the parts from General Motors’ Brazilian operation was considered, but was too complicated for the short time the model had left. Sales of the sedan continued into early 1985. Second generation RB (1985-1986)

In May 1985, the RB series Gemini was released. Based on the frontwheel drive GM R platform, it did not sell as well as previous rearwheel drive Geminis, with production totalling just 16,263 units. The RB Gemini was offered only in four-door sedan form, with SL/X and SL/E trim levels, as well as a fleet-only SL. Previous Gemini models had been built in the Holden facility at Acacia Ridge, but following that plant’s closure in 1984, the totally new RB series began production in the Holden plant at Elizabeth, South Australia. The RB Gemini was discontinued in 1987 (production had ended sometime during 1986) due to poorer sales than its predecessor. The Gemini was at first sold side-by-side with the first generation hatchonly Holden Astra—a rebadged Nissan Pulsar (N12)—which was introduced in 1984; ultimately, the Astra effectively replaced the Gemini when its second generation, offered as both hatch and sedan, was launched in 1987. The RB Gemini was notable for its 80-day, 200,000 km (120,000 mi) endurance run from a commercial in 1985, tested by a group of Australian racers including the late Peter Brock. Safety In Australia, the 1982–1984 Holden Gemini was assessed in the “Used Car Safety Ratings” 2006 as providing “significantly worse than average” protection for its occupants in the event of a crash.

Holden Apollo Break Out The Holden Apollo is a compact and later mid-size car that was distributed from 1989 to 1997 in Australia by Holden. As a successor to the GM-engineered Holden Camira, the Apollo was a rebadged version of the Toyota Camry, also sold in Australia. In paralleling two generations of the Camry—the V20 coded as the JK and facelifted JL series Apollo—and the XV10 recoded as the JM and updated JP—there were minor cosmetic differences in the grille, lights and trim. This model sharing occurred due to the United Australian Automobile Industries (UAAI) joint venture between Toyota Australia and Holden starting in 1987 that resulted in model sharing between both automakers from August 1989. UAAI was in turn a result of the Button car plan, which aimed to make the Australian motor business more efficient and eliminate import tariffs. Production ceased in late 1996, although enough cars remained until the replacement Holden Vectra arrived in mid-1997 In the next edition of Heartland Magazine we will continue the history of Holden small cars

Heartland Magazine | 49

TRUCKING HISTORY

The History of Bedford Bedford Vehicles, usually shortened to just Bedford, was a brand of vehicle manufactured by Vauxhall Motors. Established in April 1931 and constructing commercial vehicles, Bedford Vehicles was a leading international lorry brand, with substantial export sales of light, medium, and heavy lorries throughout the world. Bedford’s core heavy trucks business was divested by GM as AWD Trucks in 1987, whilst the Bedford brand continued to be used on light commercial vehicles and car-derived vans based on Vauxhall/Opel, Isuzu and Suzuki designs. The brand was retired in 1991. The History Until 1925, General Motors (GM) assembled trucks in Britain from parts manufactured at its Canadian works. This enabled them to import vehicles into Britain under Imperial Preference, which favoured products from the British Empire as far as import duties were concerned. Such trucks were marketed as “British Chevrolet”. In November 1925, GM purchased Vauxhall Motors with production transferred from Hendon to Luton, Vauxhall’s headquarters, production commencing there in 1929. 1930’s The AC and LQ models were produced at Luton from 1929 to 1931, and styled as the “Chevrolet Bedford”, taking the name from the county town of Bedfordshire, in which Luton is located. The AC was bodied as a light van (12 cwt), and the LQ in a wide variety of roles, including a lorry, ambulance, van and bus versions. The name “Chevrolet” was dropped, and the first Bedford was produced in April 1931. This vehicle, a 2-ton lorry, was virtually indistinguishable from its LQ Chevrolet predecessor, apart from detail styling of the radiator, and was available as the WHG with a 10 feet 11 inches (3,330 mm) wheelbase, or as the WLG with a longer wheelbase of 13 feet 1 inch (3,990 mm). However, the Chevrolet LQ and AC continued in production alongside the new product for a further year. In August 1931, a bus chassis was added to the range, and was designated WHB and WLB. A large part of Bedford’s original success in breaking into the UK and British Empire markets lay in the overhead-valve (OHV) six-cylinder Chevrolet engine, now known as Chevrolet Stove Bolt 6 – well ahead of its time, this smooth running inline six-cylinder engine formed the basis of Bedford and Vauxhall petrol engines almost until the marque ceased building trucks and buses. In April 1932, a 30 cwt lorry was introduced, together with a 12 cwt light delivery van, designated as the WS and VYC models respectively. Bedford continued to develop its share of the light transport market, with the introduction of the 8 cwt ASYC and ASXC vans, a close derivative of the Vauxhall Light Six car. The AS series of vans continued in production until 1939. Bedford introduced the 3 ton WT series in November 1933. Again, a short wheelbase WHT (9 feet 3 inches (2,820 mm)), or long wheelbase WLG (13 feet 1 inch (3,990 mm)) version was offered. A change 50 | Heartland Magazine

in design of the WLG produced the WTL, with its cab, internal combustion engine and radiator moved forward to allow a 14 feet (4.3 m) bodylength. In 1935, the WTB bus version appeared, and the WS and VYC models were updated – the latter being redesignated BYC as it was fitted with the engine and synchromesh gearbox of the Big Six Vauxhall cars. The 5–6 cwt HC light van was introduced in 1938, based on the Vauxhall Ten car, and the WT and WS acquired a newly styled grill. Mid -1939 saw a complete revamp of Bedfords, with only the HC van continuing in production. The new range consisted of the K (30–40 cwt), MS and ML (2–3 ton), OS and OL (3–4 ton), OS/40 and OL/40 (5 ton) series, and the OB bus. Also on offer was a new 10–12 cwt van, the JC, derived from the new J Model Vauxhall car. Many of the trucks sold by Bedford between June and September 1939 were requisitioned for military use on the outbreak of World War II; many were abandoned after the retreat from Dunkirk, rendered useless to the enemy by removing the engine oil drain plug and running the engine. Because the German armed forces in 1940 were, contrary to their popular image, desperately short of motor transport, many of these captured Bedfords were repaired and pressed into service alongside Opel Blitz (also part of GM) trucks by the German armed forces – although the Bedfords mainly filled second-line roles, including civil defence. Production of the new range ceased, apart from a few examples made for essential civilian duties, when Bedford went onto a war footing. Production resumed in 1945. World War 11 In 1935, Bedford began the development of a 15 cwt truck for the British War Office. This entered service as the MW in 1939, and 65,995 examples had been built by the end of the war in 1945. The MW appeared in a bewildering range of roles, as a water tanker, general duties truck, personnel carrier, petrol tanker, wireless truck and anti-aircraft gun tractor – among others. The War Office designated 15 cwt vehicles, such as the MW, as trucks, and larger vehicles as lorries.

The 1939 K-, M-, and O-series lorries were quickly redesigned for military use. This was largely a matter of styling, involving a sloping bonnet with a flat front with headlights incorporated and a crash bar to protect the radiator in a minor collision. The military versions were designated OX and OY series, and again were put to a wide range of tasks, including mobile canteens, tankers, general purpose lorries, and a version with a Tasker semi-trailer used by the Royal Air Force to transport dismantled or damaged aircraft. This variant was popularly known as the Queen Mary. A number of Bedford OXD 1.5 ton chassis were converted to make the Bedford OXA armoured vehicle. A total of 72,385 OY and 24,429 OX lorries were built. The Armadillo was an OY fitted for airfield defence with Lewis guns and an ex-aircraft COW 37 mm gun.

TRUCKING HISTORY Bedford supplied numerous trucks and tanks to the Soviet Union during World War II. A radical departure from Bedford’s design norms came in October 1939, with the development of a four-wheel drive, forward control lorry, which entered service in March 1941 as the QL, quickly nicknamed the “Queen Lizzie”. As with the MW and OY / OX models, the QL went on to serve in a large number of roles, such as artillery tractor, gun porter, command vehicle, wireless lorry and petrol tanker, as well as the troop-carrying QLD, the most common variant. An experimental version used the track unit of a bren gun carrier, or Universal Carrier, as an answer to the German half-track vehicles, which had superior cross-country capability. Production ran at around 12,000 units per year between 1942 and 1944. Many QLs and other Bedford World War II military vehicles served with the British Army, and other forces into the 1960s, and many others were purchased for civilian use after the war. After the evacuation of Dunkirk in June 1940, the British Army had around 100 tanks, most of which were obsolete and inferior to the German tanks of the day. Vauxhall Motors was given one year to design and produce a suitable heavy tank. In May 1941, the Churchill tank went into production at Luton, some 5,640 units and 2,000 spare engines being produced at Luton, and other sites under contract to Vauxhall. The resultant need to continue truck production brought about the development of the new Bedford Dunstable plant, which came online in 1942. For wartime production the OB was temporarily replaced by the “utility” OWB, with which Bedford became the only British manufacturer authorised to build single-deck buses during hostilities. Apart from vehicle manufacture during World War II, Vauxhall Motors produced steel helmets, rocket bodies, and top-secret components for Frank Whittle’s jet engine. 1950’s The HC 5–6 cwt van continued briefly after the war, and the JC 10–12 cwt was fitted with the column gear change; and engine from the Vauxhall L Model Wyvern in late 1948; and became the PC. 1952 saw the launch of the Bedford CA light commercial, signifying the end of the road for the outmoded HC and JC models. The CA was a range of vans and pick-ups similar in concept and size to (although pre-dating) the Ford Transit of 1965. These were semi-forward control, having a short bonnet with the rear of the engine protruding into the cab. Engines were the Vauxhall-based 1,508 cubic centimetres (92.0 cu in) OHV in-line four petrol engine, with the option of a Perkins 4/99 or 4/108 diesel engine later on. Performance was adequate for the time, a maximum speed of 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) being attainable with the petrol engine, and offering fuel economy of 25 miles per imperial gallon (11 L/100 km; 21 mpg‑US). The van initially featured a three-speed column gearchange, changing later on to a four-speed column change. The CA was a huge seller both at home and in various overseas markets. The standard panel van was available in short- and longwheelbase forms, and was also sold as chassis cab / chassis cowl, and became a popular basis for ice-cream vans, ambulances and camper vans. Known affectionately as “the Tilley”, the CA enjoyed a very long production span, with only minor tweaks throughout its life, including the replacement of the two piece windscreen of earlier models with a single sheet. Production ended in 1969.[citation needed]

Perhaps the major event of the 1950s, was the transfer of all noncar based commercial vehicle manufacture to the former Vauxhall shadow factory at Boscombe Road, Dunstable. Bedford Dunstable plant, dating originally from 1942, was extensively rebuilt and extended between 1955 and 1957, when all production lines were said to be over a mile long. Subsequently, all commercial vehicle manufacture would be concentrated there, with only vans and carbased commercials remaining at the Luton plant. Production of the Bedford commercial vehicle range remained there until production ceased in the 1980s. The 1950s also saw the launch of the popular S type trucks, the socalled Big Bedfords, which brought Bedford into the 7-ton range. The S series was immortalised in RL form – a four-wheel drive, high ground clearance version, as the Green Goddess emergency fire tender, used by the Auxiliary Fire Service until 1968, then until 2004 over 1,000 were held in reserve by the Home Office for use in the event of fire-service industrial action or other serious emergencies. They were disposed of by the Home Office in 2005. Several have found new homes in African countries that lack a developed firefighting service, such as Kenya. The C series of 1957 was a forwardcontrol derivative of the S series, and outwardly very similar to it. These vehicles were available in rigid and tractor units, with either petrol or diesel engines. The UK military were a huge customer for Bedford RLs using a 4.9-litre straight six petrol engine. Many RLs found their way into the armed forces of Commonwealth countries and later into civilian use. Alongside the S series trucks, the SB bus was released in 1950, and immediately became a big seller in India, Pakistan, Australia, New Zealand and Africa, as well as in the UK. The SB chassis was also used as a basis for specialised vehicles, such as mobile libraries, fire engines, and civil defence control units. The largest fleet of SB buses in the world belonged to New Zealand Railways Road Services, with 1,280 SB buses built between 1954 and 1981. The Bedford TK range replaced the S type in 1959, but the RL continued in production until 1969, when it was replaced by the M type, which used the basic cab of the TK and the mechanicals of the RL with minimal changes. The pre-war K, M and O types continued in production alongside the heavier S types until 1953. Vauxhall had already gone for a transatlantic styling with its E Model Wyvern and Velox saloons, and Bedford followed suit with its mid-range of trucks in 1953. Designated as the TA series, the new range were mechanically very similar to their predecessors, but featured a new Chevrolet-inspired cab. The ‘T’ designation meant “truck”, so the range is generally referred to as the A series. Numbers 2, 3, 4 and 5; as in A2, etc., identified the weight rating. A factory-fitted Perkins diesel engine was an option. The TA (A) series was updated in 1957, and became the TJ, or J series. The Bedford TJ normal control light truck was introduced in 1958, available with either petrol or diesel engines. Although never a big seller in the home market (with the exception of Post Office Telephones), it was a big export earner in developing countries, due to its basic layout and specification, and remained in production (for export markets only) until production of Bedford vehicles ceased.

We continue the History of Bedford in the next edition of Heartland Magazine

The CA was replaced by the CF, a completely unrelated vehicle using new overhead camshaft (OHC) engines, which was to have a much harder time proving itself thanks to the Ford Transit. Heartland Magazine | 51

4WD NEWS 2020 Isuzu D-Max New teaser shows pick-up set to get tougher styling, set to arrive next year. The next-generation Isuzu D-MAX has been teased by the Japanese car-maker on YouTube ahead of its Australian launch in 2020.

suspension but spy shots of Isuzu D-MAX mules testing suggest it will stick with the old truck’s leaf springs. Featuring a more toughened front styling than the current pick-up, the new 2020 Isuzu D-MAX model arrives next year and is set to be all-new. The 2020 Isuzu D-Max will enter the third generation and it will bring plenty of refreshments. We saw the prototype testing with plenty of camouflage recently, but now we’ve got some new images that show uncovered body of this pickup truck. The spy shots are showing a double cab body style with the LED headlights and the single exhaust system. Knowing the Japanese carmaker, a fourcylinder engine will be in the offer. The price will be very affordable for this off-road capable model. We can expect further interior refinement, which includes the updates of technology and systems. The exterior will get plenty of changes while the diesel powertrain will remain a standard option.

The D-MAX’s unusual big-pot 130kW/430Nm 3.0-litre turbo-diesel four-cylinder is likely to carry over with heavy revisions that could liberate more power. Another option is the 130kW/360Nm twin-turbo 1.9-litre turbodiesel available in other markets, which may finally venture in to Australia. A single exhaust system may suggest a new four-cylinder engine under the hood. The front grille is larger than before and the front end now sports a more angular design approach. The bumpers are also enlarged while the LED headlights are all-new. New tyres, more chrome details, and 21-inch aluminum wheels are present as well. Changes to the rear styling are also teased in the video, revealing new-look dual-element LED brake light clusters designed to give the car a more modern appearance. It’s rumoured the Isuzu pick-up would migrate to more sophisticated coil-sprung 52 | Heartland Magazine

The same spy shots also, tellingly, imply the next D-MAX will come with plenty of ground clearance with a jacked-up ride height. The all-new 2020 Isuzu D-Max comes with significant interior updates. This pickup will keep the overall interior layout and most of the design. The second row provides more comfort as well and the legroom is ample. The arriving pickup truck will arrive with two-bed sizes and the customers can choose between the two-door and four-door models. There is also a much rumoured High Powered model to follow

The New 2020 Nissan Patrol Nissan Patrol’s biggest facelift since this generation went on sale in 2013.

The 2020 Nissan Patrol was unveiled in the Middle East recently, which is it’s biggest market – and it will be in Australian showrooms by the end of this year. The Nissan Patrol has been given a major makeover with a bold new look, advanced safety technology, and Apple CarPlay and Android Auto the headline acts. The Nissan Patrol has a legacy of being a rugged and tough SUV, and with the newly unveiled major refresh for the 2020 model year, the machine gains more technology and luxury so that occupants can be safer and more comfortable. On the outside, the updated Patrol retains an upright, chiseled appearance. There’s a new take on the company’s V-shaped grille that uses a broad, flat section at the bottom. The running lights have a similar look but flip the shape on its side. The designers incorporate the bottom edge of the fascia into the rest of the front end by sculpting uprights that lead to the headlights. The tweaks are more

4WD NEWS minor at the rear where Nissan installs new taillights with sequential turn signals.

The Patrol’s interior looks more luxurious thanks to touches like available diamond-stitched, quilted leather seats. Nissan also touts that the cabin is quieter than before. There are now a pair of displays on the center stack with the map display on top and info like the HVAC on the bottom. The system gets support for Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, too. An expanded driver safety suite includes Intelligent Emergency Braking with pedestrian detection and an Intelligent Forward Collision Warning system. The 2020 Patrol comes standard with a 4.0-litre V6 making 275 horsepower (205 kilowatts) and 291 pound-feet (394 Newton-meters) of torque. Customers can upgrade to a 5.6-litre V8 offering 400 hp (298 kW) and 413 lb-ft (560 Nm) of torque. The V8-powered model is available with Nissan’s Hydraulic Body Motion Control adaptive suspension system. A 140-litre tank means the Nissan Patrol is capable of travelling more than 1000km between refills when not towing.

occupants more room in all three rows of seats. Wrapping this new platform is a fresh body design. We’ll let you be the final judge of this area but from a technical point-of-view, the curvier panels provide improved aerodynamic efficiency. This also helps the SUV cut through the air, assisting with stability and cabin quietness. Toyota claims the Klugers infotainment system’s 12.3-inch touchscreen will be the largest in the class, although it is unclear whether Apple Car Play and Android Auto will be available on Aussie models. Some variants will come with a 12.3-inch touch-screen system, which Toyota says is the largest screen in the class. An 8.0inch screen is featured on lower variants. There’s also a JBL 1200W sound system available, with up to 11 speakers. Head-up display, a panoramic roof, and a surround-view camera system will also be available on some variants.

Australian details for the 2020 Nissan Patrol are yet to be revealed however chances are prices will rise.

2020 Toyota Kluger unveiled, Australia to get hybrid power Australian families favourite seven seater SUV has had a major make over. Families can expect a choice of V6 or hybrid power when it goes on sale next year.

Power continues to come from a 3.5-litre petrol V6 engine that produces 220kW. It’s matched to an eight-speed auto transmission. Fuel economy figures haven’t been mentioned but even with a slight jump in power from 218kW in the outgoing model, the average consumption could drop.

The fourth generation Toyota Kluger not only promises better fuel economy from its powerful V6 engine but Australia is likely to get the option of hybrid power for the first time, A hybrid version of the Toyota Kluger has been available in the previous two generations in the US, with Toyota’s push to expand hybrid options across its passenger car range, a Kluger hybrid is now likely even though it has not been confirmed.

If it’s better fuel economy you want though, you’ll be happy to hear the new model will also be offered with a 2.5-litre four-cylinder hybrid package (not yet confirmed for Australia). This powertrain is essentially the same as the setup offered with the latest Camry, where it offers a combined output of 160kW and a fuel consumption average of 4.2L/100km. There will be FWD and AWD configurations to choose from at the showroom. If you opt for AWD, the latest model includes a clever torque delivery system that is able to send up to 50 per cent of the engine’s grunt to the rear wheels under certain demands.

The new Kluger will include a suite of advanced safety aids including autonomous emergency braking, radar cruise control, lane-keeping assistance, blind spot warning, rear cross-traffic alert and speed-sign recognition. The new model is slightly larger than the current version, to give

Heartland Magazine | 53

DO YOU REMEMBER?

Carnival Glass Recognisable by the bright colours and a lustrous iridescent glow, carnival glass was first produced by the Fenton glass manufacturer in 1907. The company first introduced this iridized glass and called this range of glass wear Venetian Art. The Northwood company produced their version using the same techniques in 1908, which became well known as Golden Iris. While Fenton was using the popular patterns of waterlily, cattails, vintage, butterfly, berries, peacock tail, ribbon tie, wreath of roses, thistles, diamond and rib vases, Northwood introduced cherry and cable amongst the 60 other patterns they were using. Other companies such as Dugan and Imperial were also making the press moulded glass as popularity for the ware grew. Each company would battle against each other trying to produce unique and different colours, which left consumers with a huge range of colours and patterns to choose from. Red glass is the rarest colour to have as only limited amounts were made by the Fenton and Imperial companies. Although beginning in America, Carnival Glass made its was to England and Australia and popped up in many forms. Items such as plates, vases, pitchers, butter dishes, glasses and bowls were popular in many households across the country. As the Art Deco era came in, the iridescent glassware declined in popularity. Many companies had produced so much that a lot of the glass ware was stock piled and in turn, given to people at fairs and public events which is how the glass would be known as Carnival Glass. Fenton stopped production of Carnival Glass in the 1920’s and Carnival Glass wasn’t popular again until a short revival of the glass came about in the 1960’s. In today’s times many people collect Carnival Glass and enjoy searching antique and op-shops for the rarer patterns and colours. Carnival Glass is easily confused with Depression Glass, but it is the iconic iridescent feature to the colour which uniquely sets it apart.

54 | Heartland Magazine

Supporting Local Farmers since 2011 Brads Butchery Gourmet Meats After carving up the competition at the Far North Coast Show, Brads Butchery was named BCU North Coast National Exhibition Small Goods Grand Champion. Celebrations continued with Brads Butchers taking out 1st place for their nitrate free leg ham and 8 other 1st places for their range of gourmet sausages along with 4 2nds and 1 3rd. Brad and his wife Tanya are expanding their success with the opening of their new store in Goonellabah Village Shopping Centre. The new premises will provide the same high-quality products at the best prices while supporting local farmers with grass fed yearling beef and local pork. With 2 in house chiefs, Brads Butchery offers gourmet gluten free products without compromising on taste or flavour. The Goonellabah premises will join the Lismore and Ballina shops with providing the best service and affordable quality meats. The convenience of this third location will allow more people to enjoy local award-winning meat products.

CASPA Educating children after trauma CASPA began as a small organisation with 30 staff whose sole purpose was to provide care for children who were unable to live at home. Since then, working under a new therapeutic care model, CASPA has grown to over 300 staff and diversified its services to offer complementary programs to support greater aspects of these young people’s lives and other disadvantaged families including: •

Early intervention and Family Preservation

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Foster Care, Guardianship, Adoption & Respite services

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NDIS Registered and Disability Care Services

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Family & Parenting support

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Family Contact Supervision services

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Mentoring and Education Services

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Therapeutic Clinical/Counselling Services

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Training & Professional Development

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Building, Maintenance & Repair Services

The CASPA Learning Centre, operating from our Lismore and Coffs Harbour offices, was developed in 2013 to deliver educational programs and support to Young People who are disengaged or unable to attend mainstream school due to complex needs and behaviours. CASPA staff work collaboratively with Young People to create an indivdualised learning program to suit the needs of each student. Many years ago, young people in Out-of-Home Care may have be seen as naughty or rebellious but science has now taught us that childhood trauma CASPA 2019 school holiday program hugely affects the way a brain develops. Studies have repeatedly demonstrated that childhood abuse and neglect results in permanent and measurable changes to a young person’s brain functions, impacting learning, causing behavioural problems, and igniting a cycle of violence. The human brain as a social organ, is shaped by experience in order to respond to experiences. Children who experience trauma can live in a nearconstant state of fight or flight, with stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline flowing, even with no there is no threat present. Meaning a student may be triggered by something non-threatening (like a loud noise, or not understanding an assignment) and feel the intense emotions and fear associated with a truly frightening event. Understanding trauma and its impacts on young learners helps educators better serve the emotional needs of their students, and help trauma-survivors thrive CASPA 2019 school holiday program in classrooms. CASPA’s team of educators supports complex school enrolments, distance education students, students on suspension and assists school leavers to pursue vocation and training opportunities beyond the secondary education setting. The educators will fulfil the role of teacher or tutor for some, whilst for others, that of a parent, guardian or advocate as they navigate the education system simultaneously providing them with a safe space to continue their learning. Our

staff are trauma-informed, qualified educators with vast qualifications and life experiences. The CASPA Education team continue to work in collaboration with a number of key organisations to improve the education outcomes for CASPA Young People. CASPA is currently exploring potential partnership with North Coast Community College to offer CASPA Young People work and life skills short courses CASPA 2019 school holiday program to complement the current Distance Education programs run by the CASPA Education team. These courses would provide the CASPA Young People with life skill development and potential pathways to the workforce. CASPA is also working with Future Feeders on the concept of building a community garden next to our education centre in Lismore which could be utilised and shared with neighbouring organisations. Our team regularly work closely with Department of Education, Distance Education, the Ngulingah Project, TAFE NSW and Novaskill. The CASPA Education team offer their support along with traumainformed advice to our enrolled schools which continues to strengthen our working relationships. During 2019, the Education team have also been involved in the following committees; Better Chances Forum Steering Group and the Community Drug Action Team (CDAT) in Coffs Harbour. Since 2016, CASPA has been coordinating a School Holiday Program to internal CASPA Young People in the Foster Care and Residential Care programs. This program offers Young People the space to socialize in healthy and safe ways with learning opportunities incorporated and also providing respite to carers. The Education team are currently applying for funding, that, if successful, will provide funding for a Work Readiness Program. This program will target 15-17 year olds who are disengaged or unable to attend mainstream school as well as early school leavers. The formalised program outcomes will provide opportunities to develop essential work skills to increase employability. In 2019, The CASPA Education program was successful in its application to be a Department of Education Provider of Choice for government schools in the Far & Mid North Coast regions. As a part of the Student Engagement Programs, CASPA will commence offering mainstream school students support in times of school refusal, suspension and additional tuition services which will open our vital services up to any and all disengaged young people

Jess Grace education manager IN FRONT OF STUDENT EXHIBITION IN Lismore Base Hospital

Our Education Program adds value to the work of the organisation through supporting CASPA’s Young People. CASPA’s education program is not eligible for state or federal government funding. We operate the program through attracting private philanthropic support and applications for public sector program funding that arises from time-totime.

If you would like to donate to support CASPA’s Education Program for Young People in Out-of-Home Care, please contact us today or visit us at www.caspa.asn.au/get-involved Advertorial

56 | Heartland Magazine

MY FATHER - Charles Ackland Whitney – as I remember him by Marion Whitney

dad, in a moment of worried inattention, became seriously injured in a car accident. For two weeks he lingered between life and death. The doctor declared he would never walk again, even if he did emerge from the coma. He did both, and resumed the burdens and heartbreak of his disintegrated life.

‘I had the best daddy in the whole world. He is my hero!’ announced Bindi to the millions sharing the (televised) memorial service for her recently deceased father, Steve Irwin.¹ The worthiness of Bindi’s accolades became apparent as details of Steve’s life, deeds, character and loves, gradually unfolded.

When mother realised her death was imminent, she called dad to her bedside and asked him to promise to keep the family together, and raise us girls himself. He promised. For the next twenty-seven years, he dedicated his life to fulfilling this promise, sustained by the love and devotion he held for mum. In the beginning, for a twelve months period, we three girls were ‘farmed out’ to various relatives, until dad recovered from his injuries and heartbreak. To my recollection this was the only ‘holiday’, or break, he ever had.

No fanfare, TV coverage, media eulogies or memorials, accompanied my father’s death (29.8.1973, aged 65 years). Yet, when I was eight years old, I too shared Bindi’s passion. Over the next twenty-six years that pure devotion, entwined, ebbed, flowed, changed and changed again, as life, time, circumstances and maturation, weathered our humanity. Eight years following dad’s death, the doctor said, ‘We’ve done all the tests, and still I can’t find an organic cause for the extrusion of lifepower seeping from you’. I left the clinic wrapped in the black cloud of depression that had shrouded me for all those years, and would continue for a further four. Then, through a changed perspective, I mentally resolved the grief and conflict within, and the depression subsided. In October, 2005 a tiny Danish prince and heir was born to proud parents. Pictures show Christian is developing just like every little boy. He is totally oblivious to his privileged heritage, yet one day, the crown of responsibility for a nation, will rest upon his brow. On the 29.1.1908, another son and heir was born to delighted parents. He likewise grew and developed as any little boy, totally unaware of his auspicious heritage, or to the future that would unfurl before him. This son, who became my father, inherited an unbroken line of sons from the noble Whitney family, and the multi-influential Somerville line. Both families trace back beyond the time of William the Conqueror of England. Charles was heir also, to the sterling character, respect and pioneering spirit of his ancestors, which ancestors, made him a fourth generation Australian. Through genetics, no gift or talent was withheld from him. Intelligence, musicality, humility and a dry sense of humour were his. His pleasant voice enabled him to sing, speak, and recite poetry well. He was quiet, polite, neat, tidy, had a good dress sense, and danced and socialised well, for he possessed all the character and personality qualities that elicit friendship, respect and trust. Physically dad was strong, of medium build and height, with olive complexion, tanned, dark haired, and strikingly handsome. He could do anything he set his mind to, and do it well, no matter how great or small. He never ceased to amaze me in the range of tasks he mastered – be it cooking, basic sewing, ironing, cutting hair, mending shoes, taking care of finances, skilled driving, fixing engines, making things, building buildings and other structures, and even professionally

turning a sedan into a utility. Then for an income, he performed all the farming, cultivation, piggery and animal husbandry duties. Never once did he fail in any task or challenge. Unfortunately, in his era, there was only primary school to sixth class, and an inherited career in farming. Despite his brief schooling, he was not handicapped in performing any mathematical, reading or other skill required of him. I believe, with fuller education and opportunity, he could have succeeded as a mechanic, carpenter, builder, inventor, engineer, architect, or whatever he desired – and gained deep satisfaction from his accomplishments. These were the years of the Great Depression. Money was hard earned. At first dad hauled heavy cans of cream from farmers and took them to Norco, for butter manufacture. When Grandfather retired, dad. now married, share-farmed on the homestead farm at South Gundurimba. He and mum worked long hours, saving every spare penny, so as to ‘get ahead’. Mum, who inherited executive and financial talent, even sold pumpkin seeds to help with austere finances. Mum and dad met through dancing – the young people’s social activity of that time. Then in January, 1932, just a few weeks prior to dad’s 24th birthday, they married. They loved, adored and were devoted to each other. He was a committed family man and totally dependable. In October 1934, Doris was born. Thus they added the role of parenting to their repertory of talents, and leading by example, did it exceedingly well. In time two more daughters were born, but in their fifteen years of marriage, the long desired male heir was never conceived, because mother became ill. Our perfect family unit and the best of parents, would soon be torn asunder. At the height of mother’s struggle for survival,

Within six months of mother’s death, Grandfather died (August, 1946), so Grandma joined us to make a substitute family unit. Grandma had no character defects, thus in many ways it worked, but in some ways it proved unsatisfactory, as Grandma had a number of attitudinal flaws, that caused prolonged detriments for me (and some other grandchildren also). Despite dad having now to be sole parent, to take on some domestic duties, to set aside his personal aspirations to travel, and needs of love and companionship, and, being burdened with earning a living for us all, he rose each morning, steadfastly setting his mind to performing his duty. Rarely did he complain, but a phrase now and then gave insight into his sense of personal frustration and sense of unfulfillment. Nevertheless, he never faltered, nor failed to be there whenever he was needed. His initial closeness to us children, and the nearest neighbours, made his role more bearable. Later, one serious opportunity for remarriage arose, but never progressed beyond his tentative consideration. In due course, Grandma died (April, 1959), and we three girls left home to marry and/ or pursue careers. The neighbours sold and moved away. Dad was left alone. His sense of loneliness and shattered dreams, must have been intolerable. It was then he realised that, having faithfully fulfilled his promises to mother, he needed to look to his own future. He sold the South Gundurimba properties and bought 37 acres at Richmond Hill. Two years before he died, he married a widow with four daughters, all still living at home. At first I was delighted, but as his situation deteriorated, I was sorry he had not pursued his earlier marriage opportunity to a quality woman, whose daughter I grew to deeply respect, when later she became my high school classmate. Mid-life problems came in the form of severe hepatitis, followed by the brain tumour, which claimed his life. He was hospitalised in Lismore, Brisbane and Sydney. The tumour was inoperable. Finally, continued page 60

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in a Sydney nursing home, his previously 76.2kg (12st) frame reduced to skin and bone, and despite heavy sedation, he suffered much pain. I visited him, and as I bent over his ‘cot’, tears streaming from my eyes, he whispered something in a laboured voice. He repeated it, but to my continuing regret, I couldn’t understand his words. Did he say, ‘I love you’, for the first (and only) time? My hero’s helplessness, pain, and terminal state, was more than I could bear. Pain as a knife pierced my heart, and lingering, slowly twisted. Returning home, the futility of mundane things (like replacing my coat in the wardrobe) was highlighted, as dad’s painful struggle against the demon of death, engulfed me. The rock from which I was hewn, and on which I had so long been grounded, was falling, and I, foundation less, became as a tiny cork, tossed and battered by the waves, adrift and alone, abandoned, in the midst of life’s submerging ocean. Within days, the phone rang, pronouncing dad’s final release from his pain and suffering. In contrast, my days of grief and depression intensified. How true it is that ‘Grief is the price we pay for having deeply loved.’² ‘For all who love must suffer, and even in our sleep, pain that does not rest falls, drop by drop, upon the heart. Then in our despair, against our will, comes wisdom, by the awesome grace of God.’³ Since my teens, I was not blind to my father’s flaws. But these seemed to manifest only after his prolonged, severe bout of Hepatitis, and later, increased with his brain tumour. But as I grow older, my understanding and tolerance grow too. As these deepen, so does my appreciation of dad’s true greatness. He began a life of infinite promise, only to have all he held dear, and all he hoped to be, snatched from him. In their place, he was saddled with uncongenial responsibility. Yet he went forth, day by day, like his Knightly ancestors before him, and with character, fulfilled the tasks assigned him, as his duty. And he did them all without fanfare, public recognition, or ultimate reward. Always I’ve been proud of him; every day I think of him. Truly, he is a seasoned, noble hero. © M. Whitney, October, 2006 ¹ Died, Sept. 2006, aged 44 years. ² Queen Elizabeth II. Condolence sent to New York victims memorial service following Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attack ³ Ancient Greek poet Escalus (sp?; altered) as quoted by Robert Kennedy, a short time before his assassination, 6/6/1968. He was shot by Sirhan Sirhan upon entering the kitchen of the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles.

Sunshine Sugar Sweet on Rum Sunshine Sugar is a step closer to realising a vision to join the rum market, having today entered into a Heads of Agreement with the Holey Dollar Rum Distilling Company. The Holey Dollar brand is owned by former Olympic Yachtsman and multiple World Windsurfing Champion, Stuart Gilbert. Stuart formerly owned the iconic Inner Circle Rum brand, which he successfully relaunched in 2002. The Inner Circle rum brand was officially launched by CSR back in 1968. Whilst the rum was made at their distillery in Pyrmont, Sydney, the beginnings of this infamous Australian alcohol hails from 95 years before, when CSR established its original and the first known distillery in Australia, at the Harwood Sugar Mill on the Clarence River in the NSW Northern Rivers. Since 2009, Stuart has been appointed as an International Spirit Panel Judge (specialising in Rum), at the International Wine and Spirit competition (IWSC) held in London each year. His Holey Dollar rum has won three Gold medals and “best in class” for each product, including World Wide Distiller of the Year, a feat no other rum company in the world has won in the 40-year history of the IWSC. Named after the coins made by Governor Macquarie in the earliest days of Australia’s colonial history in 1813 and the first official currency of Australia, Holey Dollar rum has been described by the judging panel as “rich and full on the nose and in the mouth with spice, exotic fruit, raisin and lots of oak. Clean in all respects. Lots of treacle with some bitter caramel giving some unexpected bite. Big and full bodied with woody, spicy finish.” CEO of Sunshine Sugar, Chris Connors said; “We are excited to have agreed to partner with Stuart Gilbert and his Holey Dollar Rum company, and look forward to working collaboratively to develop the business in providing Australians with an alternative, high-quality and world-class tasting rum that is highly awarded and locally made and owned in NSW.” It is anticipated that a pot still plant will be built at either the Harwood or Broadwater Sugar Mill site, as part of a graduated approach to developing the partnership over a period of time. Mr Connors went on to say; “This is another step in our strategic development program and will join our Low GI and Caster Sugar products in a suite of alternative income streams. We have a number of other projects that are close to announcement that are all targeted at our sustainability.”

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Issue 36 available from December 12th

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100 + pages

Australia’s most collectible quality monthly Magazine

The much anticipated Heartland Magazine Issue 36 will be available from Newsagencies and select resalers from December 12th, 2019.

Newsagencies and outlets, you and your family and friends will be able to get a copy each month.

Heartland Magazine has come along way since it’s first issue of 28 pages. Heartland Magazine will be a minimum of 100 pages per issue and feature all your favourites as well as new and exciting articles from all over Australia.

If you would like to know your nearest outlet, please call us on 02 6662 6222 and we will direct you to your nearest Heartland Magazine resaler.

From December, Heartland Magazine will be available throughout Victoria, New South Wales, ACT and Queensland, with over 800 Heartland Magazine | 61

62 | Heartland Magazine

THIS MONTH IN HISTORY November 20 1860 - Burke and Wills first reach Cooper Creek. 1926 - The 1926 Imperial Conference accords Australia the status of self-governing Dominion, of equal status to Great Britain. November 21 1789 - Convict James Ruse is provisionally granted land at Parramatta to establish a working farm. Thursday, November 21, 2019 Born on this day 1936 - Victor Chang, Australian heart surgeon and one of the pioneers of modern heart transplantation, is born. November 22 1952 - Lang Hancock claims to have discovered the iron ore deposits which change Australia from being an importer of iron ore to an exporter. 1956 - The opening ceremony for the Melbourne Olympics is held. November 23 1923 - Australia’s first public wireless broadcast begins. 1955 - The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are transferred to Australian control. 1961 - Sturt’s Desert pea is adopted as the floral emblem of South Australia. 2009 - Lucky, the world’s oldest sheep on record, dies. November 24 1642 - Dutch explorer Abel Tasman discovers Tasmania, naming it Van Diemen’s Land. November 25 1789 - Bennelong, the Aborigine, is captured, to be used as an intermediary between the Aboriginal and white cultures. November 26 1838 - A second trial finds some of the perpetrators of the Myall Creek massacre of Aborigines guilty. 1855 - The colony of Van Diemen’s Land becomes known as Tasmania. 1917 - A raid on the Queensland Government Printing Office is carried out, under the orders of Prime Minister Billy Hughes. November 27 1880 - Sir Ralph Freeman, designer of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, is born November 28 1829 - Captain Charles Sturt crosses the Murrumbidgee River on his way to solve the mystery of the inland rivers. 1932 - The ‘Dog on the Tuckerbox’ statue at Gundagai is unveiled. November 29 1823 - Oxley anchors off Pumicestone Channel to explore western Moreton Bay. 1876 - The Queensland flag is officially adopted. 1948 - Australian Prime minister Ben Chifley launches the first mass-produced Australian car, the Holden FX. 1970 - Recreated goldfields town, Sovereign Hill in Victoria, is officially opened. November 30 1831 - Sir Thomas Mitchell sets out to investigate rumours of a vast river allegedly flowing north from New South Wales. 1854 - Peter Lalor is elected to lead the gold-diggers in the movement that would become the Eureka Stockade. 1878 - Advance Australia Fair, the song that would become Australia’s National Anthem over a century later, is performed for the first time in public. 1920 - The first south to north transcontinental flight across Australia occurs. 1928 - Australian cricket icon Donald Bradman makes his Test debut. December 1 1876 - Aboriginal stockman Sam Isaacs and teenager Grace Bussell rescue about 40 people from a stricken steamship off Western Australia. 1987 - Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen is forced to resign as Queensland’s longest-serving Premier. 2004 - Two years after being destroyed by bushfires, Mount Stromlo Observatory in the ACT becomes fully operational again.

December 2 1823 - Oxley sights the entrance to the Brisbane River. 1911 - Douglas Mawson departs Hobart to commence his Antarctic exploration. 1642 - Members of Tasman’s crew become the first Europeans to set foot on Van Diemen’s Land (later renamed Tasmania). 1970 - The numbat is officially listed as endangered. December 3 1797 - Bass departs Sydney to determine whether Van Diemen’s Land is an island or part of the Australian continent. 1800 - James Grant discovers and names Mount Gambier in South Australia. 1824 - Hume and Hovell discover the Goulburn River, naming it the “Hovell River”. 1831 - Controversial reformer Major-General Sir Richard Bourke is appointed as Governor of New South Wales. 1854 - The Battle of the Eureka Stockade is held near Ballarat, Victoria. December 4 1953 - Oil is discovered in Exmouth Gulf off the coast of Western Australia. December 5 1909 - George Taylor, little-known pioneer in Australian aviation, achieves the first Australian flight of a heavier-than-air machine. December 6 1797 - George Bass discovers the Kiama blowhole, on the New South Wales coast. 1813 - George Evans discovers and names the fertile Macquarie Plains and the Macquarie River. 1784 - Transportation of convicts from England to Australia is first authorised. December 7 1800 - James Grant discovers and names Portland Bay and Cape Otway on the southern coast. 1846 - Leichhardt departs Jimbour Station on his second but unsuccessful expedition. December 8 1801 - Flinders explores and charts King George’s Sound (later Albany) in Western Australia. December 9 1882 - One of the earliest sightings of Australia’s mythical ‘yowie’ is recorded. 1941 - Australia formally declares war on Japan. December 10 1859 - Today is Proclamation Day, marking Queensland’s official separation from New South Wales. 1878 - Bushranger Ned Kelly robs the Euroa bank. 1919 - Brothers Ross and Keith Smith win the Australian air race to fly from England to Australia in under 30 days. December 11 1848 - Edmund Kennedy is killed by Aborigines just short of his destination of Cape York. 1792 - Captain Arthur Phillip, first Governor of the New South Wales colony, returns to England. 1931 - The Statute of Westminster gives complete legislative independence to countries of the British Commonwealth. 2015 - Australian naturalist and controversial conservationist Harry Butler dies. December 12 1815 - Explorer James Kelly begins his circumnavigation of Tasmania. 1882 - Australia’s worst gold mining disaster, to date, occurs in Creswick, Victoria. December 13 1802 - Charles Robbins successfully dissuades the French from making a claim on Van Diemen’s land (now Tasmania). 1955 - Australian housewife “superstar”, Dame Edna Everage, makes her stage debut. December 14 1840 - Governor Gipps appoints the first Government Printer. December 15 1810 - Governor Lachlan Macquarie introduces a building code into the New South Wales colony.

Heartland Magazine | 63

Salamanca, Highly recommend the carriage ride around Hobart

I’ve had many people ask me over the years, “What is Tasmaina like?, for that matter, what is Tasmania like?” The only way I can describe it, is that it is like Australia was back in the 1960-1970’s. For one the people are very obliging and friendly, the towns and cities are clean, the air is clean and the water in rivers and streams, as well as the ocean around are so clear you can see all matter of marine life in the unspoilt waters. Sometimes when travelling around, you quickly forget you are in fact still in Australia. You are only reminded by the Aussie accent and Kookaburra’s laughing. This is truely a beautiful part of the world for sightseeing, historians, food and wine and just relaxing. There is a reality about Tasmania which no one wants to talk about. Apart from a brief period when tin was successfully mined the island has never been truly self-sufficient. It relies on timber and hydro-electricity to keep the economy from stagnating but the reality is that when it finds a truly amazing tourist attraction the economy can be driven by mainlanders visiting and spending money. In 1973 the establishment of the Wrest Point Casino - the first legal gambling casino in Australia - gave the island economy an impressive boost and in recent times the remarkable success of David Walsh’s modern art gallery - known simply as MONA - has, so one source claims, accounted for a staggering 30% of all visits to the island. In a way this is a pity because unique among the state capitals, Hobart has a strong sense of its colonial, 19th-century heritage and the exploration of the city’s Georgian past should be seen as a major attraction in its own right. Named after Robert Hobart, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies at the time of its settlement, Hobart is Tasmania’s chief port. It is protected from the worst of the island’s weather, which courtesy of the Roaring Forties occurs on Tasmania’s rugged west coast. The city lies on either side of the Derwent River 64 | Heartland Magazine

and is protected by Mount Wellington in the west and Mount Nelson to the south. Hobart’s location on the Derwent, its straggling, irregular appearance, and the distinctive old-world charm of its docklands and port have often been written about in glowing terms. The dockside warehouses at Salamanca Place are fine examples of this. Mark Twain, in his book Following the Equator, sang the praises of the city’s charms: “How beautiful is the whole region, for form, and grouping, and opulence, and freshness of foliage, and variety of colour, and grace and shapeliness of the hills, the capes, the promontories; and then, the splendour of the sunlight, the dim, rich distances, the charm of the water-glimpses! And it was in this paradise that the yellow-liveried convicts were landed, and the Corps-bandits quartered, and the wanton slaughter of the kangaroo-chasing black innocents consummated on that autumn day in May, in the brutish old time. It was all out of keeping with the place, a sort of bringing of heaven and hell together.” In essence Hobart is about Georgian Australia, fine food and the charm of a small city. Try a Tassie Scallop Pie, they are to die for. Hobart is named after Robert Hobart who was British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies in 1804 at the time of its settlement. Things to see and do There honestly is so much to see and do, I will list what I can on these pages and what I have experienced here. Hobart’s Docks and Salamanca Place There is something pleasantly timeless about the Hobart waterfront and Salamanca Place. Every year, a few days after Boxing Day, the yachts which have sailed down the East Coast and across Bass Strait on the Sydney-Hobart yacht race moor and celebrate. Each Saturday Salamanca Place is crowded with over 300 stalls selling local produce and locals and visitors wander through the excellent Salamanca Markets.

Check out http://www.salamanca.com.au for details.

Hobart

The historic Georgian warehouses which were built between 183050 have been converted into excellent restaurants, galleries, craft and gift shops. Authorities acknowledge that the Salamanca Place warehouses are the finest dockside Georgian warehouses remaining in Australia. They form a coherent facade because of the consistent use of sandstone and a sense that they all fit together with a certain historic elegance. Mount Wellington Mount Wellington looms over Hobart. At 1270 m it has always been a popular place with panoramic views of Maria Island and the Derwent Valley. The mountain is an igneous intrusion known to geologists as a sill. Many visitors have assumed it was a dormant volcano. The dolerite rock which created the mountain was formed by ‘magma’ (molten rock) about 175 million years ago. It never reached the Earth’s surface. The molten magma reached a certain level during its upward movement through the Earth’s crust and spread out laterally in a sheet-like form. It lifted the horizontal sedimentary strata and then cooled slowly. This type of ‘igneous intrusion’ is called a ‘sill’, and the vertical columns which characterise the present Tasmanian dolerite landforms formed as a result of contraction during the cooling. In the case of Mt Wellington and many other Tasmanian peaks, the sedimentary strata which originally overlaid the dolerite have since been removed by erosion. Mount Wellington was first sighted by Captain Bligh in 1785 and named Table Hill. In Christmas Day 1798 George Bass became the first European to climb the mountain. Over the years it has become one of the major attractions of Hobart and has been climbed by such famous people as Charles Darwin and the novelist Anthony Trollope who, having climbed it in 1872, rather dismissively described it as ‘just enough of a mountain to give excitement to ladies and gentlemen’. Battery Point No other Australian city has an historic area to equal Battery Point. It is a very elegant ‘suburb’ which has managed to sidestep the vulgarity of tourism and consequently the visitor can experience an extraordinary concentration of beautifully preserved 19th-century buildings - both Georgian and Victorian. Theatre Royal The Theatre Royal at 29 Campbell Street was built in 1837 and is recognised as the oldest continuously operating theatre in Australia. The beautiful Georgian interior stands in sharp contrast to its early

uses which included boxing and cockfighting.

The Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens The Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens are located on the banks of the Derwent River just beyond Government House. In 1806 the 50 acres (20.2 ha) were granted to a farmer, John Hangan. In 1824 Van Diemen’s Land was declared a separate colony and it was agreed that Hobart Town should be its capital. Governor George Arthur had plans drawn up for Government House and an adjoining Botanic Gardens. The Gardens first superintendent, William Davidson, was appointed in 1828. He was paid £100 per year and given a house which was built in 1829. Over the next five years Davidson imported plants from England and collected over 150 native species from Mount Wellington. The garden grew progressively during the nineteenth century. Huonville is a small town located south-east of Hobart and only a short 38km drive. Today the Huon Valley is best known as one of Tasmania’s primary apple growing areas. Once enormous in its extent, the significance of the industry has declined steadily since the 1950s and today cherries and fish farming are the rising commercial stars of the district. The Huon River and the nearby d’Entrecasteaux Channel are popular fishing and boating areas. The Channel is sheltered from the wrath of the Southern Ocean by the bulk of Bruny Island to the east. Tourism is an important part of Huonville and the surrounding Huon Valley. The area is renowned for its scenic beauty and history as one of Australia’s biggest apple producers. Poised on the edge of the south-west wilderness, forestry has been an important economic driver to the area since colonisation and in recent decades controversial. A wood-based industrial park nearby was the subject of extensive community discussion but is now built and operating successfully. There have been several recent controversies over development in the region, particularly over logging at Recherche Bay and the development of a tourist resort inside the National Park at Cockle Creek. Huonville is a beautiful drive with scenery you wouldn’t imagine would be Australia. It is worth the drive for fresh fuit from the orchards and the wineries are a perfect spot to relax, eat and try the local wines and spirits from the region. We will look at Port Arthur in the coming issues of Heartland magazine.

Heartland Magazine | 65

SPRING FRESH

DEVILLED SAUSAGES

Serves 4 Preparation time: 15 minutes Cooking time: 30 minutes

Ingredients 30ml (2 tbsp) vegetable oil 2 onions, peeled and sliced 500g (1lb) chicken sausages 4 garlic cloves, peeled and crushed 15ml (1 tbsp) cornstarch 1 apple, washed and sliced

400g (1 can) chopped tomatoes 15ml (1 tbsp) Worcestershire sauce 15ml (1 tbsp) Dijon mustard 15ml (1 tbsp) soy sauce 5ml (1 tsp) smoked paprika 5ml (1 tsp) cayenne pepper 250ml (1 cup) chicken stock

Instructions • • • • • • •

Heat the oil in a large frying pan. Fry the onions at a high heat for 2 minutes then add the sausages and brown all over. Lower the heat to medium and add the garlic and cook for another 2 minutes. Stir in the cornstarch and add the apple wedges. Pour in the tomatoes, Worcestershire sauce, mustard, soy, paprika, pepper and stock. Give everything a stir until the ingredients are evenly distributed. Let the sausage stew bubble away gently for 10 to 15 minutes or until the meat is cooked through. (Use a meat thermometer if you have one.) Serve on a big pile of buttery mash.

66 | Heartland Magazine

HEARTLAND DESSERT The Best Chewy Brownies

Old-Fashioned Honey Baked Apples

Ingredients

• • • • • • • •

• • • • • •

125g unsalted butter, chopped 125g dark chocolate, chopped 3 eggs, lightly whisked 335g (1 1/2 cups) White Sugar 115g (3/4 cup) plain flour 30g (1/4 cup) Dutch cocoa powder 1 teaspoon vanilla extract Pinch of salt

Method Step 1 Preheat oven to 180C/160C fan forced. Grease a 20cm (base measurement) square cake pan and line with baking paper. Step 2 Place butter and chocolate in a heatproof bowl over a saucepan of simmering water (don’t let the bowl touch the water). Stir with a metal spoon until melted. Remove from heat. Quickly stir in egg, sugar, flour, cocoa powder, vanilla and salt until just combined. Pour into prepared pan. Bake for 30 minutes or until a skewer inserted in the centre comes out with moist crumbs clinging. Set aside to cool completely. Equipment needed 20cm (base measurement) square cake pan Notes Brownies freeze well due to their decadent, moist texture. Wrap the uncut brownie in 2 layers of foil and 1 layer of plastic wrap and freeze for up to 3 months.

2 medium tart apples 1/4 cup dried cranberries 2/3 cup water 1/4 cup packed brown sugar 1 tablespoon honey Vanilla ice cream or sweetened whipped cream, optional

Method Step 1 Preheat oven to 350°. Core apples, leaving bottoms intact; peel top third of each. Place in a greased 8x4-in. glass loaf pan; fill with cranberries. Dried Cranberries can be found in most super markets. Step 2 In a small saucepan, combine water, brown sugar and honey; cook and stir over medium heat until sugar is dissolved. Pour over apples. Step 3 Bake, uncovered, until apples are tender, 35-40 minutes, basting occasionally with juices. If desired, serve with ice cream.

Useful in improving digestion and increasing absorption of food, ginger tea can ease bloating after eating too much. Ginger contains antiinflammatory properties that make it an ideal home remedy for muscle and joint problems.

Heartland Magazine | 67

Natural Products - Onions 7 Impressive Health Benefits of Onions

contain over 25 different varieties of flavonoid antioxidants.

Though all vegetables are important for health, certain kinds offer unique benefits.

Red onions, in particular, contain anthocyanins — special plant pigments in the flavonoid family that give red onions their deep color.

Onions are members of the Allium genus of flowering plants that also includes garlic, shallots, leeks and chives. These vegetables contain various vitamins, minerals and potent plant compounds that have been shown to promote health in many ways. In fact, the medicinal properties of onions have been recognized since ancient times, when they were used to treat ailments like headaches, heart disease and mouth sores. Here are 9 impressive health benefits of onions. 1. Packed With Nutrients Onions are nutrient-dense, meaning they’re low in calories but high in vitamins and minerals. One medium onion has just 44 calories but delivers a considerable dose of vitamins, minerals and fiber . This vegetable is particularly high in vitamin C, a nutrient involved in regulating immune health, collagen production, tissue repair and iron absorption. Vitamin C also acts as a powerful antioxidant in your body, protecting your cells against damage caused by unstable molecules called free radicals. Onions are also rich in B vitamins, including folate (B9) and pyridoxine (B6) — which play key roles in metabolism, red blood cell production and nerve function. Lastly, they’re a good source of potassium, a mineral in which many people are lacking. Normal cellular function, fluid balance, nerve transmission, kidney function and muscle contraction all require potassium. 2. May Benefit Heart Health Onions contain antioxidants and compounds that fight inflammation, decrease triglycerides and reduce cholesterol levels — all of which may lower heart disease risk. Their potent anti-inflammatory properties may also help reduce high blood pressure and protect against blood clots. Quercetin is a flavonoid antioxidant that’s highly concentrated in onions. Since it’s a potent antiinflammatory, it may help decrease heart disease risk factors, such as high blood pressure.

Multiple population studies have found that people who consume more foods rich in anthocyanins have a reduced risk of heart disease. Additionally, anthocyanins have been found to protect against certain types of cancer and diabetes. 4. Contain Cancer-Fighting Compounds Eating vegetables of the Allium genus like garlic and onions has been linked to a lower risk of certain cancers, including stomach and colorectal. A review of 26 studies showed that people who consumed the highest amount of allium vegetables were 22% less likely to be diagnosed with stomach cancer than those who consumed the least amount. These cancer-fighting properties have been linked to the sulfur compounds and flavonoid antioxidants found in allium vegetables. For example, onions provide onionin A, a sulfur-containing compound that has been shown to decrease tumor development and slow the spread of ovarian and lung cancer in test-tube studies. Onions also contain fisetin and quercetin, flavonoid antioxidants that may inhibit tumor growth. 5. Help Control Blood Sugar Eating onions may help control blood sugar, which is especially significant for people with diabetes or prediabetes. For example, quercetin has been shown to interact with cells in the small intestine, pancreas, skeletal muscle, fat tissue and liver to control whole-body blood sugar regulation. Additionally, multiple animal studies have shown that onion consumption may benefit blood sugar control. 6. May Boost Bone Density Though dairy gets much of the credit for boosting bone health, many other foods, including onions, may help support strong bones. It’s believed that onions help reduce oxidative stress, boost antioxidant levels and decrease bone loss, which may prevent osteoporosis and boost bone density.

Onions have also been shown to decrease cholesterol levels.

7. Have Antibacterial Properties

Additionally, evidence from animal studies supports that onion consumption may reduce risk factors for heart disease, including inflammation, high triglyceride levels and blood clot formation.

Onions can fight potentially dangerous bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus cereus.

3. Loaded With Antioxidants Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation, a process that leads to cellular damage and contributes to diseases like cancer, diabetes and heart disease. Onions are an excellent source of antioxidants. In fact, they 68 | Heartland Magazine

Furthermore, onion extract has been shown to inhibit the growth of Vibrio cholerae, a bacteria that is a major public health concern in the developing world. Quercetin extracted from onions seems to be a particularly powerful way to fight bacteria. Onions have been shown to inhibit the growth of potentially harmful bacteria like E. coli and S. aureus.

Lip Care Tips for the Summer Sun Your eyes may be the window to your soul, but your lips do all the talking! Keep them looking healthy and luscious all year round by protecting them from the harsh summer sun. Here’s how:

jelly, or paraffin. These products will seal moisture and stay on your lips longer in comparison to thinner balms and glosses.

Drink Water

Why your lips need sun protection and what you can do about it.

Drink up! Drinking water is one of the most important actions you can take to keep your lips healthy and hydrated –not to mention the rest of your body too! You should have at least 8 to 9 glasses of water every day—even more if you’re super active and it’s super-hot.

The skin on the lips is much thinner than the body. Hence, it needs a shield from the sun at all times. Also, remember that a lipstick or gloss is not a protection, and the only formula that works is using a lip balm with at least a 30 SPF.

Exfoliate

Sebum, a natural oil which keeps our skin moisturised, is absent in our lips. So, they need hydration and moisture externally and at regular intervals. Be smart to always carry your sun protect lip balm, especially in summer.

Most people forget that your lips, just like your body and face, need to be exfoliated. Use an exfoliating product on your lips at least once a week. Don’t have an exfoliator handy? Not a problem. You can make one using granulated brown sugar and olive oil. Feel free to add pure essential oils to your mixture for a relaxing scent. If your lips are extra sensitive, irritated, or have open cracks, wait until they’re healed before you exfoliate as the exfoliator could tear your skin, causing painful and unpleasant cuts and blisters. Protect Do you know why your lips burn more easily than any other part of your body? Your lips have very little melanin—the pigment that helps shield your skin from the sun. To keep your lips protected, apply a layer of sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more. You can use zinc, or a lip balm with added sunscreen. Regardless whether the sun is out or not, you should always have your lips covered. If you are in direct sunlight make sure to re-apply throughout the day, every 2 hours or so!

Never lick or touch your lips, as we now know that lips do not have a layer of protection. When you lick our lips, soon the saliva evaporates, leaving them dry. Instead, use a lip balm every two hours without fail. Before calling it a day, remove all makeup from your lips. Just before sleeping, apply a lip balm that can provide the moisture they need through the night. Want soft lips? Apply a tea bag. This trick may sound a little odd, but scientists have shown that a tea bag can help revitalize skin. After you have steeped your tea in hot water, apply the bag directly to your lips for 3-5 minutes. You will notice softer lips.

Skip the Gloss

To do this, you can use any type of tea. Green tea is especially good because of its antioxidants. Squeeze the extra water out of the tea bag before apply it to your lips.

While high shine glosses promise to make your lips look fabulous, they actually may be doing more harm than good. Lip sticks and glosses with little color are harmful to your lips because they can direct UV rays to your lips, while offering no protection from the sun’s harmful rays. Look for a lip product that has a base of beeswax, petroleum

Disclaimer: Tips and suggestions mentioned in the article are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a professional healthcare provider if you have any specific questions about any medical matter. Heartland Magazine | 69

Hall of Fame - Kenny Rogers

Kenneth Ray Rogers (born August 21, 1938) is an American retired singer, songwriter, actor, record producer, and entrepreneur. He is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame. Though he has been most successful with country audiences, Rogers has charted more than 120 hit singles across various music genres, topped the country and pop album charts for more than 200 individual weeks in the United States alone, and has sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time. On September 25, 2015, Rogers announced on NBC’s Today Show that he was retiring from show business after a final tour to spend more time with his wife and twin sons. Two of his albums, The Gambler and Kenny, are featured in the About. com poll of “The 200 Most Influential Country Albums Ever”. He was voted the “Favorite Singer of All Time” in a 1986 joint poll by readers of both USA Today and People. He has received numerous awards such as the AMAs, Grammys, ACMs and CMAs, as well as a lifetime achievement award for a career spanning six decades in 2003. Later success includes the 2006 album release, Water & Bridges, an across the board hit, that hit the Top 5 in the Billboard Country Albums sales charts, also charting in the Top 15 of the Billboard 200. The first single from the album, “I Can’t Unlove You”, was also a sizable chart hit. Remaining a popular entertainer around the world, the following year he completed a tour of the United Kingdom and Ireland, telling BBC Radio 2 DJ Steve Wright his favorite hit was “The Gambler”. He has also acted in a variety of movies and television shows, most notably the title roles in Kenny Rogers as The Gambler and the MacShayne series as well as his appearance on The Muppet Show. He is also a co-founder of the restaurant chain Kenny Rogers Roasters in collaboration with former Kentucky Fried Chicken CEO John Y. Brown Jr.. Rogers was born the fourth of eight children on August 21, 1938, in Houston, Texas. His parents were Lucille Lois (née Hester; 1910–1991), a nurse’s assistant, and Edward Floyd Rogers (1904–1975), a carpenter. Rogers is of Irish and Native American ancestry. In 1976 Kenny Rogers launched his solo career. He soon developed a more middle-of-the-road sound that sold to both pop and country audiences. He has charted more than 60 top 40 hit singles (including two number ones— ”Lady” and “Islands in the Stream”). His music has also been featured in top-selling movie soundtracks, such as Convoy, Urban Cowboy, and The Big Lebowski. Rogers signed a solo deal with United Artists. Producer Larry Butler and Rogers began a partnership that would last four years. Rogers first outing for his new label was Love Lifted Me. The album charted and two singles, “Love Lifted Me” and “While the Feeling’s Good”, were minor hits. The song “Runaway Girl” was featured in the motion picture Trackdown. Later in 1976, Rogers issued his second album, the selftitled Kenny Rogers, whose first single, “Laura (What’s He Got That I Ain’t 70 | Heartland Magazine

Got)”, was another solo hit. The single “Lucille” (1977) was a major hit, reaching number one on the pop charts in 12 countries, selling over five million copies, and firmly establishing Rogers’ post-First Edition career. On the strength of “Lucille”, the album Kenny Rogers reached No. 1 in the Billboard Country Album Chart. More success was to follow, including the multi-platinum selling album The Gambler and another international Number 1 single, “Coward of the County”, taken from the equally successful album, Kenny. In 1980, a selection he recorded as a duet with Kim Carnes, “Don’t Fall In Love With A Dreamer”, became a major hit. Later in 1980 came his partnership with Lionel Richie who wrote and produced Rogers’ No. 1 hit “Lady”. In the 21st century, Rogers was back at No. 1 for the first time in more than a decade with the 2000 single “Buy Me a Rose”. In doing so, he broke a 26-year-old record held by Hank Snow (who, in April 1974, was aged 59 when he scored with “Hello Love”). Rogers held the record until 2003, when then 70-year-old Willie Nelson became the oldest artist to have a No. 1 on the country charts with his duet with Toby Keith, “Beer for My Horses”. Rogers has recorded 65 albums and sold over 165 million records. Kenny Rogers has been married five times (with each marriage lasting longer than the previous one) and has five children. He married Janice Gordon on May 15, 1958; they divorced in April 1960 with one child. Rogers married Jean Rogers in October 1960 and divorced her in 1963. He married Margo Anderson in October 1964 and divorced her in 1976 with one child. Rogers married Marianne Gordon on October 1, 1977, and divorced her in 1993 with one child. He married Wanda Miller on June 1, 1997; they have two children. In 2015, Rogers announced his farewell tour, titled The Gambler’s Last Deal. He stated his intention to retire from touring at its completion, although he is considering the possibility of recording another studio album. In announcing the tour, Rogers indicated at the time that his final tour appearance would be on NBC’s Today show. Concert dates were scheduled through 2018 and included visits to the United States, Australia, Scotland, Ireland, England, The Netherlands and Switzerland. On April 5, 2018, it was announced that Rogers canceled his remaining tour as advised by doctors due to a series of health challenges. At his estate in Colbert, Georgia, Rogers keeps a pet goat named Smitty, having originally acquired the animal from a friend in 2008. According to Rogers, the goat has been “(his) center”, providing a calming influence after long and stressful touring schedules

Kevin Hogan - MP

Chris Gulaptis - Member for Clarence I took the Prime Minister to Rappville and the Northern Rivers Fire Control Centre in Casino recently. He got to see first-hand the devastation and speak to our families and friends affected.

No words can properly reflect the devastation of the terrible bush fires we have been enduring in our region over the past few months. The Nationals in Government are doing everything we can to support affected communities in much the same way as we have significantly lifted financial support for the many local communities struggling with the impact of the drought.

This community has been through what can only be described as a nightmare. Thank you to our wonderful RFS volunteers and other first responders who are doing a great job.

It is not every day you bring a Prime Minister and a NSW Premier to a tiny community like Rappville, (population 169 at the 2016 census), but that is what happened last month when my friends Robert Mustow, Kevin Hogan and I welcomed Scott Morrison and Gladys Berejiklian to our community. They didn’t show up to make any big announcements or get a big run in the news; The PM and Premier came to offer their support to those residents impacted by the fires as well as thank the firies.

More information on disaster assistance is available at www. disasterassist.gov.au and www.emergency.nsw.gov.au. If you prefer, please phone my office and we can direct you to the right area (6621 4044).

It was great to announce recently that Kyogle Council will have access to up to $1 million to complete local infrastructure and drought-relief projects. Labor immediately questioned Kyogle’s need for this drought assistance. They obviously has not been on the ground anywhere near Tabulam, Bonalbo and West of the Range to see how desperately needed this drought assistance is.

In Parliament, we have introduced improvements to the Farm Household Allowance (FHA). This will help more farmers through periods of hardship. This is on top of over $7 billion worth of assistance to help support our drought-affected farmers and communities. The following link is a one stop shop for all drought assistance:

www.farmhub.org.au

Many are blaming what appear to be increasing natural disasters in our region on the effects of climate change. I have plenty of sympathy for that argument as does the government. However, our immediate priority is to offer maximum relief to the families and businesses affected right now. There is sympathy for our woes in our capital city and the Nationals are seeking to harness that to the benefit of locals. Small businesses in the Clarence and Richmond Valleys could have a better Christmas if they sign up to the Nationals in Government’s new online Buy Regional hub. Christmas is make or break time for many smaller family businesses, particularly in difficult years like 2019 with natural disasters stripping locals of much of their disposable income. That is why the Nationals’ Buy Regional campaign couldn’t come at a better time. We have some fantastic local retailers and I want as many as possible to register their wares, free of charge, at nsw.gov.au/buyregional in time for the Christmas shopping season. The Nationals in Government are already promoting the initiative in Sydney, encouraging our city cousins to browse six categories, Wine, Fashion, Food, Gifts for Kids, Art & Design and Christmas hampers, to find gifts for their friends and family and support regional NSW towns. As Nationals Leader John Barilaro puts it, we’re telling Sydneysiders to ‘favour the flavour’ of regional NSW and ask their butchers and greengrocers for meat, poultry and produce sourced from clean green regions like the Clarence and Richmond Valleys. The Buy Regional for Christmas hub is at:

www.nsw.gov.au/buyregional

Scott Morrison & Kevin Hogan meeting with locals and thanking the volunteers at Rappville

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Tamara Smith - Member for Ballina

Mayor David Wright - Ballina

Water – The New Gold on a warming Planet

One of the larger projects on the agenda at our October Council meeting was the River Street Duplication. The concept plans were presented to Council and they provide four lanes into Ballina CBD. This work extends from the Pacific Highway Roundabout (from Smith Street) through to Kerr Street.

The devastating effects of the current drought can be felt far and wide. One can scarcely look at the news or pick up a paper without feeling for the plight of the 98% of communities across the state who are affected. Coupled with the predictions that this will be one of the hottest summers on record, and the continued denial of State and Federal governments to acknowledge that we are in a climate emergency, it is difficult to see a way out of this situation. The blame-shifting within the government is dizzying, the proposed solutions are short-sighted. This week saw a huge win on water in our community – a proponent who had lodged a development application to mine vast quantities of water from an aquifer on the Alstonville Plateau formally withdrew their application. A development of this type could have seen water extraction from the aquifer for agricultural use sold to retail companies for industrial use and then sold back to us as bottled water or soft-drink! I am proud to have supported our farmers and community on this issue. This week their tireless efforts finally come to fruition. It was a great win for our community as there is no social license to export food growing water and drinking water for commercial exports like soft drink. But it was also a good reminder that we cannot become complacent when it comes to conserving our most precious resource. Every day it becomes more and more evident that we are in a climate emergency. The government’s continued denial of this does not make it any less true. We know that global warming is the defining challenge of our time and water security is crucial. We are at a critical crossroads, where people across NSW, not just those experiencing critical water supply, but increasingly those from metropolitan and coastal areas are focused on drought and water security. Now is the time to press ahead with ensuring our water security. So many towns are on critical water shortages, we shouldn’t wait for that to happen. We need to conserve water and be water smart now.

Ultimately, these works will double the capacity of River Street, and significantly improve traffic access and timeliness for road users. I encourage you to view the concept plans located on council’s website ballina.nsw.gov.au Council awarded a tender for renovation works to the Lennox Head Community Centre that includes installation of air conditioning and enhanced ventilation of Park Lane Theatre. There will also be works done on the external cladding. We can’t wait to have this facility air conditioned! Management of Lennox Head Community Markets was reviewed due to the Westpac Life Saver Rescue Helicopter withdrawing from the management of the market. At the meeting, Councillors agreed to continue with the current location of the markets at Williams Reserve, with the current site manager for six months. Council considered dog access at the Lake Ainsworth and Seven Mile Beach precinct in Lennox Head. We agreed to increase the dog off leash area on the beach, with a new no dog zone to be implemented at Lake Ainsworth. We will support this with community education. It is hoped that this will achieve a balance for the community who require areas to exercise their dogs, and for the sustainability of the new works at Lake Ainsworth. Council was presented with a draft Ballina Sport and Recreation Facilities Plan for the Ballina Shire, which was endorsed so it can now be exhibited for public comment. I encourage people to provide feedback on the plan that will be on Council’s website. I look forward to seeing you around our beautiful shire.

Throughout the years of opposition to water mining in Alstonville, we were told that the Alstonville aquifer basically contained an unlimited supply of water. As though that somehow justified using it for industrial extraction! There is simply no social or environmental licence to use underground aquifer water in food growing land for industrial extraction. In a climate emergency, water for food growing and drinking is the absolute priority and we have to protect it. This is a cautionary tale for our region, and now is the time to continue to put pressure on local governments to ensure our water security for the years to come. I am proud to stand with a community who says no to misuse of our precious resources

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Janelle Saffin - MP NSW Labor thanks Long Gully Road fire heroes It was my pleasure to host NSW Labor Opposition Leader Jodi McKay in Drake recently to thank Rural Fire Service volunteer firefighters and all other emergency service personnel who spent seven weeks fighting to contain the Long Gully Road bushfire. Joining us was NSW Shadow Minister for Emergency Services Trish Doyle and over lunch at Drake’s Lunatic Hotel we personally thanked volunteers for displaying the true Aussie spirit of helping mates during natural disasters. Before this major fire was declared out on Sunday October 27, it had claimed two lives, destroyed 44 homes, damaged another 22, and burnt more than 74,000 hectares of bush and farmland. Jodi acknowledged that it had been a harrowing early bushfire season for hundreds of residents in the Tenterfield Shire and Richmond Valley and Clarence Valley Local Government Areas. Trish, who is based in the Blue Mountains and no stranger to bushfires, said: “We know that the recovery of a regional community that has faced a bushfire disaster doesn’t just happen overnight. “It takes months and years as families rebuild their homes and restore their lives. The resilience and strength of tight-knit communities must be supported by our state and federal governments with financial and in-kind assistance.” Jodi and Trish have been in contact with me since the outbreak of the fires in early September, expressing their deep concern for local communities and seeking constant updates from me. They have supported my call for a Bushfire Community Recovery Fund and heard directly from senior Rural Fire Service and police officers, a Tenterfield Shire Council delegation and community members about their practical needs. SUPPORTING DRAKE: NSW Opposition Leader Jodi McKay, Lismore MP Janelle Saffin and NSW Shadow Minister for Emergency Services Trish Doyle donate to the Drake Community Fire Relief Fund. Looking on are Drake Village Resource Centre volunteers Lathan Gillies and Margaret Smith

Why the elderly are targets of Scams Why are the elderly frequent targets of fraud scams? Most victims who become the targets of fraud scams are considered to be in the naïve segments of the population. Unfortunately, elderly individuals are the most frequent targets of fraud scams. Fraudsters target the elderly, as they may be lonely, willing to listen and are more trusting than younger individuals. Many fraud schemes against the elderly are performed over the telephone, door-to-door or through advertisements. The elderly are prime targets to schemes attributed to credit cards, sweepstakes or contests, charities, health products, magazines, home improvements, equity skimming, investments, banking or wire transfers, and insurance. What tactics do fraudsters use to take advantage of the elderly? Fraudsters use different tactics to get the elderly to fall victim to their schemes. They can be friendly, sympathetic and willing to help in some cases or use fear tactics in others. The tactic used is generally dependent upon the type of situation the fraudster finds himself in with the elderly person. For example, a fraudster might focus on home ownership. The fraudster will recommend a “friend” that can perform necessary home repairs at a reasonable price. This friend may require the individual to sign a document upon completion confirming that the repairs have been completed. In some cases, the elderly victim later learns that he signed the title of his house over to the repairman. In other cases, not only is the person overcharged for the work, but the work is not performed properly. Which are the most common scams targeting seniors? 1.Medicare — In scams involving Medicare, fraudsters pose as Medicare representatives to get seniors to give them their personal information, such as their Medicare identification number. The fraudster uses this information to bill Medicare for fraudulent services and then pockets the money. 2.Counterfeit prescription drugs — As prices for prescription drugs increase, seniors look the internet to find cheaper prices for their medications. Unfortunately, fraudsters are aware of this and set up websites that advertise cheap prescription drugs which are usually counterfeit. Seniors who unknowingly purchase these counterfeit drugs soon realize they have been duped when the drugs do not provide any relief from their medical condition or even cause additional health problems. 3.Funerals — In one type of funeral scheme, fraudsters use obituaries to find out information about the deceased in attempts to extort money from family members or grieving spouses. They claim the deceased has an outstanding debt that must be paid immediately. Those close to the deceased are usually in a vulnerable state and are more likely to pay the fraudulent debt. In another scheme, dishonest funeral directors might try to deceive the elderly by capitalizing on their unfamiliarity of funeral costs and sell them unnecessary services, such as a casket when the deceased is going to be cremated. 4.Anti-aging products — With society putting so much emphasis on physical appearance, many individuals feel the need to find treatments or products that claim to help them conceal their age. Scammers advertise anti-aging products that are either worthless or harmful. Some products might contain materials that can be harmful, yet touted by scammers as being as effective as a brand name product, such as Botox. Scammers might also advertise products as being effective and natural, but in reality the product has no anti-aging effects.

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5.Telephones — Phone scams are the most common scams used against the elderly. Scammers might get seniors to wire or send them money by claiming to be a family member who is in trouble and needs money. They might also solicit money from the elderly by posing as a fake charity, especially after a natural disaster. 6.Internet — Since the elderly are usually not as savvy with handling emails and surfing the internet, they are easy targets for scammers. Victims have been tricked into downloading fake antivirus software that allows scammers access to personal information on their computers. Seniors might also respond to phishing emails sent by scammers asking them to update their bank or credit card information on a phony website. 7.Investments —Many seniors plan for retirement or manage their savings after they finish working, which makes them more vulnerable to become victims of investment schemes. Fraudsters can take advantage of victims by posing as financial advisors to get access to their retirement funds and savings. Once they have access to the funds, they take their money and run. 8.Mortgages — Elderly victims who own their homes can be valuable assets to a scammer. Scammers might send out fraudulent, yet official-looking, letters to victims that list the supposed assessed value of their home. For a fee, the scammers inform them that the value of their home can be reassessed. Scammers might also approach victims about providing home repairs and pressure them to take out equity to use as payment for the repairs. 9.Sweepstakes/lotteries —This scheme usually involves contacting elderly victims either by mail or telephone, and informing them that they have won a prize of some sort, but must pay a fee to obtain the prize. Scammers send a fake check to the senior to deposit in their bank account knowing it will take some time for the bank to reject the check. Meanwhile, the victim has sent the scammer money through wire transfer for fees or taxes on the prize. The victim soon realizes that he was scammed when the check doesn’t clear. 10.The grandparent scam — This scam is extremely deceptive because it plays on the elderly’s emotions. In a grandparent scam, a scammer calls an older person and pretends to be their grandchild. They ask them if they know who is calling, and when the grandparent guesses the name of one of their grandchildren, they pretend to be that grandchild. The scammer tells the grandparent that they are in some sort of financial bind and asks if they can send money using Western Union or MoneyGram to help them out. The scammer asks the grandparent not to tell anyone about their situation. Once the scammer receives the money, he continues to contact the grandparent and asks them to send more money.

MOTORISTS travelling through bushfire-affected areas and surrounding districts are advised to take care following reports of wandering cattle and wildlife in the wake of the recent bushfire. Motorists should also exercise caution when near emergency and utility services personnel. The Busby’s Flat bushfire has impacted almost 48,000 hectares from Busby’s Flat in the west to Bungawalbin in the east. Many kilometres of rural fencing were destroyed in the fire. Richmond Valley Council General Manager Vaughan Macdonald said Council rangers had received several reports of roaming cattle in the past 48 hours and advised motorists to be aware. “When travelling through areas affected by the recent bushfires, care and attention should be given to the potential of wandering stock in and around these areas due to the impact of fire on rural fencing,” Mr Macdonald said. “Stock are unpredictable and may move great distances over short periods of time. Motorists should report all stock on road to local police or Council rangers.” An area of particular concern is the section of the Summerland Way at Myrtle Creek between Main Camp Road and Selection Flat, which has a 100mkh speed limit. Motorists should also be aware of areas around Rappville, Coombell, Busby’s Flat and Wyan, and districts east of the Summerland Way including Ellangowan, Bungawalbin, Myrtle Creek, and surrounding districts. Mr Macdonald said the work to round up stray cattle roaming across these districts would take some time and Council asked the community for their patience. “It’s vital that motorists continue to exercise particular caution in these areas,” he said. Starting stock can be reported 24hours a day 7 days a week to Council on 66600300 or to local police.

Remember, if you have any doubt hang up or ignore the scammers. Report any scams no matter if you feel foolish or not sure. You can always go to www.scamwatch.gov.au and report a scammer or scam attempt. Call your bank if you feel your account is in jeopardy. Call your local police or 131 444 Tax related Scams call the ATO on 1800 008 540 Centrelink, Medicare or Child Support Scams call 1800 941 126

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Advertise to get noticed

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Casino Quota Club: Meeting 2nd Tuesday of every month. 6:30 pm for 7 pm start at the Baptist Church House Casino. Enquiries to Lenore on 0414 918 167 or email: casinoquota@gmail.com Grow Group: 1800 558 268 Lion’s Club Casino: Lion’s Club meeting is held on the 2nd and 4th Wednesday each month at RSM from 6:30- 7:00. Square Dancing: Square Dancing: a great way to meet new friends. Bright toe-tapping music. It’s fun and healthy too. Singles and couples welcome. Club dances Thursday afternoon and Friday nights. Contact Francis on 0407 663 017. Casino Vision Impaired: Support group for anyone who is blind or vision impaired e.g. Macular degeneration, glaucoma and cataracts. Meeting on the first Monday of each month at the Baptist Church hall at 10:00. Have an outing each month. Anyone can come who is there to support their partners, carers or family. For more details ring Denise Green on 0448 014 682. The Casino Community Men’s Shed: The Casino Community Men’s Shed is open Mondays to Wednesdays, 8:30am to 2:00pm. Membership is open to males and females. For more information contact us on phone No. 02 6662 6423 or email us on casmenshed@live.com.au or find us on Facebook. Kyogle Sunshine Club: Meets every Thursday at 9:30am. In the Supper Room. Come and enjoy a day of fun, morning tea and lunch. All welcome. For more detail contact 0499 824 274. Casino Richmond River Country Music Club Social Day: come on down for some country music. Counter meals also available. All singers and musician’s welcome! 3rd Sunday of every month at the RSM, 11am.Enquiries to Gloria New Ph 02 6662 2625 CWA Meeting Dates: CWA Meeting The CWA meeting will be held on the 3rd Thursday of the month at the Casino Community Cultural Centre at 9:00 am. For further information please contact Allison on Ph: 0400 956 404 Casino Mini Rail Every Sunday 10am to 4pm Weather permitting Casino View Club holds its monthly luncheon meeting at Casino RSM club 11 am on the second Thursday of the month. Any further inquiries or to book lunch please contact Barbara on 6661 2530 Casino Croquet Club members are reminded that play will be recommencing from Wednesday February 6th at 8.30am for play before 9am. New members (male or female) are invited to come along for some free trial lessons with our Captain Mary & newly qualified coach, Leonie . For further information contact Mary on 66621971 Casino Croquet Club Casino View Clubs luncheon meeting is held on the 2nd Thursday each month at Casino RSM 11am with guest speakers. For further information please contact Barbara 6661 2530 Richmond River Beef Produces Association Meet on the 2nd Wed of every month at Kyogle Showgrounds in the luncheon room at 7pm. For more details Phone Lyn on 0427 293 455. Tuncester Air Rifle Association The club is looking for new members. If you want something to do 78 | Heartland Magazine

on a Tuesday night from 6pm. For an hour or so why don’t you come along and have a look. The range is on Rifle Range Rd just outside Lismore on the Casino Road to Kyogle about 8km. We supply everything. If you have any questions, feel free to give Ollie a call on 0414 622 272. He’ll be only to pleased to talk to you, if you want to get a firearm licence they can assist you in that area as well all you have to do is ask. Social Dancing Want to put the beat back into your feet and great exercise come along to St Mark’s Dance Group in the Back-Hall Casino. Access via Simpsons Parade, every Tuesday 7-9pm. (Cost is $3) A Social is held on the first Saturday night 7.30-11pm. (Cost $5 and please bring a plate for supper) Lucky door Prizes & Raffles are held at these. All welcome, more information please phone Maggie on 6662 4060 or 0402 104 195 Casino Rotary Club Meets each Monday at Casino RSM Club 6.15pm starts at 6.30pm Contact secretaryrccasino@gmail.com St Marks Dance Group Saturday night social the 1st Saturday of the month. McKees Hill Bowls Club Indoor bowls every Sunday at McKees Hill Hall. Commencing at 1pm. $3 for the afternoon of bowls. Contact Frank 6683 2327 Yamba Farmers & Producers Market EVERY WEDNESDAY 7am - 11am Whiting Beach Car Park Yamba NSW M: 0402 404 606 Lions Club of Kyogle Fourth Lions Club in Australia ‘’ Proud of it ‘’ Lions Club meeting is held on the 1st & 3rd Tuesday each Month @ the Kyogle Bowling Club from 6.30 – 7.00. Visitor and New Members Most Welcome For more information contact Neville Moon 663 222 33 Casino Mixed Probus Club Meet on the 4th Thursday of the month at the Casino RSM Club at 10am.For information call the secretary on 0419 886 119 The Casino & District Historical Society Museum is open for visitors Sunday, Monday, Wednesday and Friday 10am to 2pm. Adults $5, Children and Students free. Bus trips are welcome. Yearly Membership $15, Couples $25 . General Meetings are held 2nd Saturday - March, June, Sept, November 10am in Museum. All welcome. Email casinohistorymuseum@outlook.com for further information. We are on facebook. Kyogle Community Market Our monthly community market has just changed our operating hours from the fourth Sunday to the fourth Sunday. For further details, call Sandra Davie on 0457 471 583

To have a notice in Save the Date, Call Sharon on 02 6662 6222

Weekly Markets Lismore Organic Market: Every Tuesday, 7:30am–11am Murwillumbah Farmers Market: Every Wednesday, 7am–11am Nimbin Farmers Market: Every Wednesday, 3pm–6pm Byron Farmers Market: Every Thursday, 8am–11am Lismore Produce Market: Every Thursday, 3:30pm–7pm Mullumbimby Farmers Market: Every Friday, 7am–11am Alstonville Farmers Market: Every Saturday, 8am–12pm Bangalow Farmers Market: Every Saturday, 8am–11am Blue Knob Farmers Market: Every Saturday, 8.30am–12pm Byron Bay Saturday Artisan Market: Every Saturday, 4pm–9pm Kyogle Farmers & Crafts Market: Every Saturday, 8am–12pm Lismore Farmers Market: Every Saturday, 8am–11am Uki Produce Market: Every Saturday, 8am–12pm Drake Hall Markets: Last Saturday of the month, 9am-2pm

Every FIRST Saturday Murwillumbah Cottage Market: 8am-1pm Every FIRST Sunday Lismore Car Boot Market: 7:30am-2pm Iluka Markets - Ken Leeson Oval: 8am-12midday Every SECOND Saturday Byron Flea Market: 8am-1pm Woodburn Markets: 8am-3pm Every SECOND Sunday The Channon Craft Market: 9am-3pm Lennox Community Market: 8am-2pm Casino Golf Club Markets every second month Tabulam Live Music Jam Session Second Sunday of the Month Behind the Co-op. 8:00 am to 3:00 pm Every THIRD Saturday Alstonville - Alstonville Showground 7.30am-2pm Lismore Recycled Market: 9am-2pm Mullumbimby Community Market: 7:30am-3pm Murwillumbah Cottage Market: 8am-1pm Every THIRD Sunday Ballina Market: 7am-1pm Lismore Car Boot Market: 7:30am-2pm Murwillumbah Market: 8am–1pm Uki Buttery Bazaar Market: 8am–2pm Every FOURTH Saturday Evans Head Riverside Market: 7:30am–1:30pm Every FOURTH Sunday Bangalow Market: 9am–3pm Casino Riverside Markets: 9am-2:30pm Kyogle Bazaar: 8am-2pm Nimbin Market: 8am–3pm Every FIFTH Sunday Lennox Community Market: 8am–2pm Nimbin Market: 8am–3pm

Tabulam Community Market Second Sunday of the month, 9am-2pm Ballina Missingham Farmers Market: Every Sunday, 6am–12pm Brunswick Heads Market Day: First Saturday of each Month.

All dates are correct at time of publication If we have forgotten your community’s market, please contact us and let us know so we can include it in our next edition!

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HEARTLAND CROSSWORD

Across 1 Set free or let out again? (8) 6 Be successful in swindle (3) 9 Publication for children? (5) 10 Titled Turk this month in opposition (7) 11 A bone can keep breaking! (7) 13 Gather in the morning on a steamship (5) 14 A hat for the country? (6) 15 The rest of Spain? (6) 19 A basket an Indian has left behind (5) 21 Stable men let Ross get upset (7) 22 Bizarre form of heater (7) 23 A Greek poet’s pigeon? (5) 24 Fellow coming back to give silent assent (3) 25 Royalist going crazy on his own? (8) Down 2 Oriental festival on the first of November (7) 3 The day before a girl is found (3) 4 Rascal going to island for prawns (6) 5 Playwright admits art involvement (9) 6 Stick with a fishy name? (5) 7 Paper money produced by musician (5) 8 Get to know a sort of small truck (4,2) 12 Lilacs Mae gathered - or some other flowers (9) 16 Fast bowler going round front of transatlantic ship (7) 17 Take in first two letters before brothers turn up (6) 18 Enclosure for fuel entered by Rolls-Royce (6) 19 Copper embargo for islander? (5) 20 Animal from eastern country (5) 23 A successful blow? (3) Answers will be published in Issue 36

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Across 1 Roman garb, so to speak (5) 4 Total number, we hear, who like it hot? (4) 7 How to produce good tarts in Derbyshire? (8) 8 Record held by piano teacher (4) 9 Long for a tree (4) 10 Care for very amusing person (7) 12 Sport scaring hero badly (5-6) 14 Yob diverted in funfair (7) 16 A long time for some wage slaves (4) 19 Taking part in protest against deer (4) 20 I hope it changed a country (8) 21 Granny, for example, taking some thick notepaper (4) 22 Policeman starts to search extremely small wood (5) Down 1 Long walk from public transport beginning to pall (5) 2 Good slimmer, one gathers (7) 3 Regard daughter as offspring (4) 4 Fruit as seen by a ruler (8) 5 Artist in a film one tried to see (5) 6 Lusty saint in error, ignoring leader (6) 11 After ten years leaders in Northern Territory degenerate (8) 12 Places frequently visited - by ghosts? (6) 13 Coterie pouring fluid (2-5) 15 Dickensian villain, female, with a drink (5) 17 Transparency of a bit of playground equipment (5) 18 Smart Conservative greeting another (4) Answers will be published in Issue 36

HEARTLAND CROSSWORD

Across 1 Show entertaining the Spanish is lacking propriety (10) 7 Old soldier or cadet, perhaps (7) 8 Fire container (4) 10 I fled this country (4) 11 Exclude one sound singer (8) 13 A news broadcast with right to reply (6) 15 Sweet sort of filter (6) 17 A savage who gets fed up with other people (8) 18 Skilful revolutionary island (4) 21 French cheese that is behind British (4) 22 Unusual setting for garnets (7) 23 Postmen I am rounding up for Christmas shows (10) Down 1 Land at the end of a passage? (5) 2 Doctor with little work in the fall (4) 3 All the mixture is deadly (6) 4 They take money sacks from the army (8) 5 Reprimand - for credit being cancelled? (4,3) 6 Big guns with one in command (9) 9 Last in pub always gets older drinks (9) 12 Grounds for having a coin sent out (8) 14 Grain as mashed in Spanish drink (7) 16 Managed to get some - but not all - money paid to kidnappers (6) 19 Connections made when wild cat is heard (5) 20 Instrument used in samba and rumba (4) Answers will be published in Issue 36

Across 1 Trees discovered in the Spanish manuscript (4) 3 A break for the kids when actors have to work? (8) 9 They pinch children (7) 10 It doesn’t matter if it’s dis or dat duck? (5) 11 Fish that may be amber (5) 12 Trial - or trade (6) 14 Asleep, but prepared to slip away (6) 16 Rub away a bread roll (6) 19 Endless oriental holiday in spring (6) 21 Feed the furnace in this town (5) 24 Anaesthetic used in some therapy (5) 25 King surrounded by menservants or knaves (7) 26 Discover the absence of our island state (8) 27 Post that once provided personal protection (4) Down 1 One blend - mixture given title? (8) 2 Some could help a man climbing a tree (5) 4 More off for instruction? (6) 5 Surrender return on investment (5) 6 U.S. state - or Asian one! (7) 7 Peer almost ahead of time (4) 8 Some other message for Olympian messenger (6) 13 Backing for last couple of actors in show (8) 15 Braves chase pa all over (7) 17 Ribs to order in a restaurant (6) 18 Herdsman finding river in port (6) 20 Trunk for the end of August or thereabouts (5) 22 A reporter beginning to turn up for music drama (5) 23 A number of sheets - about a thousand? (4) Answers will be published in Issue 36

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UPCOMING EVENTS

The Casino & District Family History Group (CDFHG) is located in Room 5, School of Arts Building, 78 Walker Street, Casino where you will find a large collection of resource materials to assist in searching for Australian and International family connections. Our Volunteer staff are more than happy to answer questions and provide help and direction. Meetings are held on the 2nd Wednesday of each month at 9.30 am followed by either a guest speaker or a workshop. Other information and training sessions are held throughout the year. Non-members pay a fee to use the facilities. Enquiries regarding membership can be made by either dropping in to our rooms, phoning or emailing for information. All visitors are welcome. Open Hours: Tuesdays, Thursdays & Fridays 10 am – 2 pm Wednesday 12noon – 4 pm Saturday 3rd Saturday of the month 9am11.30am Contact Details: Postal Address Phone: Email: Facebook: Group Inc.

P O Box 586, Casino Nsw 2470 (02) 6662 8114 casdfhg@australis.net Casino & District Family History

Our sales roles require strong organisation and determination to achieve by identifying opportunities in a number of new markets in order to increase sales. If you think you have strong personal sales abilities, are driven to achieve sales targets; have experience in building new business relationships and managing customers; are analytical and have strong reporting abilities; have broad knowledge of the advertising industry; ability to frequently travel domestically and work flexible working hours; and above all have drive, ambition and the tenacity to succeed, then this role will be hugely rewarding for you. To be considered for this role you will need to be able to demonstrate a proven track record in sales management in excess of 5 years and be highly commercial with sound strategic sales skills. We are looking for a motivated, inspiring individual to complement the company’s sales growth direction. If this sounds like you, please email

vacancies@heartlandmedia.com.au

PALLETS REVISITED The Casino Community Men Shed will be holding a SILENT AUCTION on the 17th of November. This event will be held at the main Pavilion on the Casino Showground. The main purpose will be to raise funds for the local cancer support group. Especially during the Movember month. All items will be made from recycled timber pallets and will be suitable for home and or garden. Further information is available by contacting CCMS on 02 66626423.

The Casino & District Historical Society Museum is open for visitors Sunday, Monday, Wednesday and Friday 10am to 2pm. Adults $5, Children and Students free. Bus trips are welcome. Yearly Membership $15, Couples $25 . General Meetings are held 2nd Saturday - March, June, Sept, November 10am in Museum. All welcome. Email casinohistorymuseum@outlook.com for further information. We are on facebook.

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attaching your CV and including a cover letter telling us why you believe you are the one we want for this role. We have a number of sales areas available which you would take ownership of. NSW Northern Rivers and Gold Coast NSW Coast Taree to Coffs Harbour NSW South Coast Illawarra to Batemans Bay Newcastle and Hunter Valley Country NSW - Dubbo, Orange, Parkes, Bathurst ACT, Wagga Wagga and Albury Bendigo and Country Victoria South and South West Queensland We appreciate your applications and only those candidates selected for interview will be contacted.

Casino – 02 6662 6222 Toowoomba - 07 4580 1122 Newcastle – 02 4044 5612 Dubbo – 02 6834 8955 Tamworth – 02 5733 4522 Canberra – 02 5104 5122 Bendigo – 03 5410 1222

Heartland Magazine Issue 35

Articles inside

Heartland Magazine Issue 35