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Publisher | Uitgewer The Nongqai is compiled by S.A. Police Brigadier (Ret) Hennie Heymans (HBH) and this e-magazine is published on ISSUU. Hennie lives in Pretoria, RSA. He is passionate about our police-, military- and national security history and holds a MA Degree in National Strategic Studies. Any opinions expressed by him, are entirely his own.
Die Nongqai word saamgestel deur brigadier Hennie Heymans (HBH) (S.A. Polisie afgetree), en word as ‘n etydskrif op ISSUU gepubliseer. Hennie woon in Pretoria, RSA. Hy is passievol oor ons polisie-, militêre- en nasionale veiligheidsgeskiedenis en het 'n MAGraad in Nasionale Strategiese Studies verwerf. Enige menings wat hy uitspreek, is uitsluitlik sy eie.
Aim | Doel Our goal is to collect and record our national security history for publication in the Nongqai for future generations.
Ons doel is om die nasionale veiligheidsgeskiedenis in die Nongqai aan te teken en so vir die nageslagte bewaar.
We publish the articles and stories as we receive them from our correspondents; we only correct the spelling mistakes. It's important to publish the stories in the form and context as we receive them from our correspondents. Policemen and defence personnel have their own language and the have their own sub-culture. We are not a scientific or literary journal. We only work with historical building blocks.
Ons gebruik die artikels en stories soos ons dit van ons korrespondente ontvang; ons maak slegs die spelfoute reg. Dis belangrik om die stories te bewaar in die vorm en in die konteks soos ons dit ontvang. Lede van die veiligheidsmagte het hul eie taal en ons moet dit ook so aanteken. Ons is nie ‘n letterkundige of wetenskaplike joernaal nie. Ons werk slegs met die boustene van geskiedenis.
Policy | Beleid
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www.samirror.com/nongqai |
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FEATURE ARTICLE: The life and Times of Brig LK Knox
2 ADMINISTRASIE | ADMINISTRATION 4 FOREWORD | VOORWOORD MWO (Ret) Craig Brown 5 THE LIFE AND TIMES OF BRIG LK KNOX Lorita Bryden 65 AFTRERWORD HBH 66 ANNEXURE “A” HBH 68 STOP PRESS MWO (Ret) Craig Brown 69 INDEMNITY & COPY RIGHT | VRYWARING & KOPIEREG
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Master Warrant Officer (Ret) Craig Brown. Brigadier Louw Kruger Knox 1929 – 2020
adier with 37 years’ service. He brought great Honour and Pride to the family and was a living example of everything that was correct, good and noble - a Police Officer a Family Man and later a successful Farmer. Knox served much of his time in the Eastern Cape and some in Natal. As we all know a career Policeman moves around a lot, but his Wife and family stood behind him and got used to the transfers that go with promotions. His family was made up of three sons and one daughter - Frank the eldest, Derek who tragically passed away with cancer and Kirsten - all of whom served in the SAP, and lastly his youngest daughter Lorita also a family researcher. Knox was involved in every aspect of policing. He served in Rhodesia in 1973 as a Lieutenant Colonel and as the commander B Company stationed in Plumtree. He was very involved in the forming and building of the Transkei Police Force in 1976, for which he was awarded a medal. He later also helped to form and build the Ciskei Police Force (1981) and finished off as Police Commissioner of the Eastern Cape.
It was a great honour for me to have introduced Brigadier Louw Kruger Knox story to Nongqai - affectionately known to my generation of the greater Brown family as Uncle Knox. As the family Genealogist and Historian I was proud to know him and Uncle Knox will always have a special place in our Family, which is full of Frontiersmen, Soldiers and Policemen. Louw Knox was from the Afrikaans farming community of Steynsburg, He arrived in Elliot where he met my Aunt Lorna McGregor. They were married for 66 years when he passed away. On arrival in Elliot his future kinsmen refused to call him by his first names as they considered these surnames and thus he was for ever known as Knoxie or Uncle Knox.
Uncle Knox retired from the Police and went farming in Ida until his retirement to Beacon Bay with his wife Lorna, where they spent many happy years with their family. We lost Uncle Knox in 2020 and so the family Legend KNOX passed on to a higher Order. A big thank you must go to Brigadier Hennie Heymans for helping keep our heroes stories alive for the future generations.
MWO (Ret) Craig Brown
Cambridge West, East London
Uncle Knox was a career Policeman who attested in March of 1947 until he retired in 1984 as a BrigNONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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The life and Times of Brig LK Knox (SAP Ret) Compiled by Lorita Bryden Timeline for No 23958 Brigadier Louw Kruger Knox 4 January 1929 – 2 June 2020 Date/Year 1929
Location Born in Steynsburg
1947 - 18/11/1947
Police College - posted to Port Elizabeth
Constable
1947 - 1948
Port Elizabeth, Mount Road
Constable
1948
Queenstown
Constable
1949
Police College, Mounted Police
1949-1950
Bolo, Stutterheim District
1951-1953
Elliot District & Moshesh’s Ford (near Barkly East) Constable Perdekraal, Xuka Drift, Gubenxa, Xalanga (1st and 2nd sergeant rankings) Elliot – met Ms Lorna McGregor – local farm Crinan Sergeant
1953 1954
Rank
Constable
1954
Nsuze, Natal – Station Commander Married Ms Lorna McGregor, 22 May 1954 Rietvlei (near Greytown) Natal – Station Commander
Sergeant
1955
Burgersdorp – Station Commander
Sergeant
1956-1961
Cala – Station Commander Sergeant / Warrant Officer Birth of first child, son Frank,19 May 1956 Birth of second child, son Derick, 16 March 1958 - 9 July 2011 Birth of third child, son Kirsten, 12 October 1959
1962- part 1963
Cofimvaba – Station Commander Warrant Officer / Lieutenant Birth of 4th child, daughter Lorita, 23 November 1962
1963 - part 1964 1964 – end 1971
Queenstown – Staff in District Commandant Office Umtata, formation of Transkei Police Force Deputy Superintendent & Assistant Commissioner
1972 – 1975
Queenstown, District Commandant
1973
Sergeant
Lieutenant Lieutenant / Captain / Major
Major / Lieutenant Colonel
4 months at Plumtree, Rhodesian Bush-war
1976
Pietermaritzburg, Assistant District Commandant
Colonel
1977
King William’s Town, formation of Ciskei Police Force
Colonel
First Commissioner of the Ciskei Police 1978-1984
Port Elizabeth. Stationed at Divisional Commissioner Office Colonel
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Brigadier Louw Kruger Knox, of Scottish/Dutch lineage and the 3rd of 4 sons, was born in Steynsburg in the Karoo, on 6 January 1929. He had humble beginnings, living with his family on a farm where his father, once in the Boer Commando, was the farm overseer. Life was difficult for the family and his youth was hard, so at the age of 16, the end of standard 8, Brig Knox left school wanting to join the police force, to make a career for himself. After a medical examination, he was declined and so spent a year working at a Post Office in the Steynsburg district. However, one not to be deterred, and showing his determination to be a policeman, Brig Knox again applied to join the police force, and was accepted. He was always a keen learner, and this included teaching himself English so that he could become fully bilingual, which came in very handy over the years, especially as he married Lorna, of Scottish and English descent. Brig Knox was also able to converse quite effectively, in his own unique a style of Xhosa. An ambitious, disciplined and driven, yet fair man, Brigadier Knox, through hard work, study and dedication rose up through the ranks of the South African Police to retire as a Brigadier in January 1984. As it so happened, his police career began with him being stationed at Mount Road, Port Elizabeth as a constable, and it was from there he retired, as a Brigadier. He was always one to rise early in the morning, eager to get to the office and always set a high standard for those in his command. Brig Knox expected a high work ethic in return and wherever he was, he ‘ran a very tight ship’ and was widely known to spring an unexpected check on stations in his area, at any time of the night or day. Frequently transferred during his career in the Police Force, he was stationed in many towns and cities, but mainly in the Eastern Cape and around the Transkei/Ciskei area, with a stint in Natal. Wherever they found themselves, he and his wife, Lorna turned a house into a home as they would set out to restore and improve the property, inside and out. Brigadier Knox was also a keen gardener and would always establish a vegetable garden, a beautiful flower garden (roses his favourite) and wherever possible, also plant fruit trees. Lorna
was always involved in helping in the Police Force in any way she could and this included raising support for the Widows and Orphans Fund. The Knox children assisted by selling her home baked fudge, koeksisters and biscuits, in their local neighbourhood. As a keen and competitive athlete, Brig Knox took part in gymnastics, athletics (where he excelled in the mile), hockey, tennis and horse riding. As both he and Lorna were keen sports people, they continued to play tennis until shortly before their retirement and Brig Knox continued to ride horses on the farm, well into his sixties Whether at Police balls or family gatherings, Brig Knox, with his charismatic way, would happily interact with others and would entertain with his flair for dancing, together with his wife Lorna, just as light on her feet. Although he enjoyed the company of many, he was also very comfortable being on his own, and always nurtured the dream of owning his own farm to which he and Lorna could one day enjoy in their retirement. This farm was always spoken about and family and friends had no doubt, that the day would come when ‘Dream-Farm’ would become a reality. Brig Knox was a man of high morals and standards and a strict disciplinarian with a no-nonsense approach. There were times in the early years when he and Lorna did not have much, but they always took good care of the family and brought their children up with the same values that he and Lorna had been taught. As a family man, although strict, he was always full of life, sometimes mischievous and with a keen sense of humour. Brig Knox’s desire and determination to retire to his own farm was fulfilled, as in 1982, two years prior to his retirement, they purchased a farm at Ida, in the Indwe district, close to the farms of Lorna’s family. This was in the same district where he had once been stationed and so their retirement venture of farming together had begun. Not slowing down at all, Brig and Lorna worked at transforming the farm and it soon became very productive. While farming, he was also an active member of the Ida Farmers Association and served as its Chairman and on the Committee.
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(Continued from page 6)
They also took on two further smaller farms, which bordered on the main farm, Mount Shrosbree. Many happy years were spent on the farm as they both had a love for farm life and a gift for working with animals. Brig Knox also took delight in raising and training his own sheep dogs. They happily continued farming at Ida until 2001 when they decided to slow down a bit and move to East London, to finally retire. After moving to Beacon Bay in March 2001, where Brig Knox and Lorna lived (up to the date of his passing) Brig Knox was still not one to take it easy, and kept himself active up until a few months before his passing. His hobbies included woodwork, leatherwork, gardening and the breeding and selling of a wide variety of birds, which he had also done for many years early in his police career. Brig Knox always had to be busy with something, and this often included him helping others and many would bring him broken items for repair. He was a firm believer that something should always first be looked at to repair, rather than just discarding or randomly replacing.
As he had done earlier in his career in the Police Force, by studying to achieve his matric, Brig Knox never stopped studying and kept himself also up to date with politics, world affairs and other matters of interest and general knowledge. Having an astute brain, he never used a computer to google any information, yet was always knowledgeable of past and present local and world affairs, and so many interesting conversations were held, until shortly before his death. Brigadier Knox was always supported by his loyal, loving and understanding wife Lorna, and they had only recently celebrated their 66th wedding anniversary, a couple of weeks prior to his death. The family of Brig Knox and Lorna are; children Frank, the late Derick, Kirsten, Lorita, and their spouses, as well as 7 grandchildren and 11 great grandchildren. The Knox Family are extremely proud of Brigadier Knox, what he accomplished from his humble beginnings, the legacy he has left behind and the memories from all the years they had to share with him.
Photos for Biography/Info
As a teenager, after leaving school. Brigadier Knox’s medals together with those of his father, who was in the Boer Commando
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Parents of Brig LK Knox, Frans Knox (1884 -1952) and Maria van der Walt Knox (1896 - 1983) With three of their 4 children. c1930 Brig LK Knox, sitting on his mother’s lap, with older brothers, Frans and Peet. (Younger brother Andries, not yet born)
Brig Knox as a baby and as a young man NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Scrapbook From the Scrapbook kept by Brig LK Knox: Started at Police College in 1947, and filled with interesting articles and pictures until his retirement in 1984
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Port Elizabeth Upon leaving Police College, end of 1947, Brig Knox’s first posting was to Port Elizabeth. Having a love for horses and the outdoors, within a year he was back to do more training at the Mounted Police Section Police College, Pretoria.
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Brig LK Knox as a young constable in the Mounted Police Force. c1949
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A natural athlete, wherever he was stationed, Brig Knox enjoyed training the local children.c1951
He also competed in many athletics meetings and was regularly placed in the top 2, his favoured distance, the mile during the inter-district Police athletic competitions
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Brig Knox thrived being in nature and especially enjoyed the freedom of riding across the veld. Many nights were spent sleeping under the stars, whether on duty or off, with a brewed mug of ‘lekker moerkoffie’
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Dashingly dressed while courting Miss Lorna McGregor from a local farm, Crinan. Elliot c1953/4
Sgt Knox escorting Lorna, also a keen sports woman, to her local hockey game. c1953 NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Sgt Knox with Miss Lorna McGregor at Crinan, Elliot c1953/4
Time for some fun on Crinan, c 1953/4
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Wedding of Sgt LK Knox to Miss Lorna McGregor, 22 May 1954, Methodist Church in Elliot
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Sgt LK Knox, Station Commander at Nsuze, with staff. April 1954
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Due to limited vehicle availability, horse patrol continued up to c1960. However, there was also access to a police Harley Davidson, which was definitely enjoyed by both Sgt Knox and Mrs Knox, always happy to ride sidecar with her husband, c1955
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Sgt Knox later Warrant Officer, while Station Commander at Cala. 1956—1961 Due to limited vehicle availability, horses were still being used for patrol and early every morning, stable and horse inspections were done
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Young married couple, c1955
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With their firstborn son, Frank in 1956, Cala
With their second son, Derick, in 1958, Cala
The third son, Kirsten, joined the family in 1959 and then daughter, Lorita, was the last addition to the family, born in 1962
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Sgt Knox & Lorna enjoying a family holiday on the Transkei Wild Coast
Time for fun with his three sons, Frank, Derick and Kirsten, c1961
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Warrant Officer Knox while Station Commander at Cofimvaba. 1962
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Many happy holidays were enjoyed on Crinan, the family farm of Lorna and her home until her marriage to Brig Knox. The young family with the parents of Lorna; Mr ORJ McGregor & Mrs A McGregor and children; Derick, Kirsten, Lorita and Frank. c1965
Out visiting friends, with Lorita and Kirsten. Umtata c1967 NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Transkei Dept of Justice. The Formation of the Transkei Police Force
Lieutenant/Captain/Major, Deputy Superintendent & Assistant Commissioner, LK Knox 1964—1971
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Brig Knox was an accomplished and charismatic speaker, in both English and Afrikaans. Photos taken at various Police Functions, c1970—1975
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Rhodesian Bush War Brig Knox was the Commanding Officer at Plumtree October 1973 - January 1974
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10 September 1975
On Parade. Queenstown c1975
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1972 - 1975 Queenstown: Major, Lieutenant Colonel, Colonel - District Commandant 1976
Pietermaritzburg: Colonel, Assistant District Commandant
1977
King Williams Town: Colonel - Formation of Ciskei Police Force First Commissioner of the Ciskei Police Force
1978
Port Elizabeth: Colonel - Divisional Commissioner’s Office
1982
Divisional Commissioner—Brigadier NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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January 1978, appointed as District Commissioner for Port Elizabeth
Below Brig Knox with eldest son, Frank & his wife Gaile, with their sons Terence (eldest grandson), Dean & Christopher. PE c1979
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Brig Knox, combining his love for horses to raise funds for the Widows and Orphans Fund .1979
Colonel and Mrs LK Knox
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At a meeting to discuss the SABC TV-programme ‘Police File’ 1980
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Brig Knox and Lorna on a family holiday at Crinan with grandsons Terence, Dean, Christopher and Trevor, c1981
Brig Knox and Lorna at an event with their daughter Lorita, PE 1982
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Brig Knox, perfect timing to assist in an arrest. 1983
Brig LK Knox 1983 NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Pending retirement to farm. 1983
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Holding onto his childhood dream, shared just as passionately by his wife, Brig Knox and Lorna were able to retire to their own farm in 1984, Mount Shrosbree, which they had purchased in 1982
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True to character, ‘retirement’ was a continuation of dedication and hard work to ensure that Mt Shrosbree was soon transformed into a fully working and producing farm. A fruit orchard and vegetable garden were also established and water supplies were sourced and dug.
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Within a few years, Brig and Mrs Knox purchased 2 adjoining farms, taking the combined farming area to 700hectares. Lorna put her skills to work by managing the office administration of the farm, as well as making jams and preserves from the home grown produce and also using the fresh eggs, milk and cream for the tastiest baking, farm butter and authentic ice-cream
First family gathering in 1984 with sons, Kirsten, Derick and Frank taking spending time together with Brig Knox and Lorna. Easter weekend, Mt Shrobree 1984
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Brig Knox with his daughter Lorita on her wedding day. Brig and Mrs Knox at the wedding reception in Port Elizabeth. October 1986
Back row: Sons Frank and Derick (son Kirsten not present) Brig Knox with daughter Lorita and her husband Gary Bryden and Lorna Knox Front row: Grandsons Trevor, Dean, Terence, Christopher and Shane with his mom, Jeanette Knox. October 1986 NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Brig Knox and Mrs Knox were very active in the local farming community and Brig Knox was an active member of the Ida Farmers Association, serving as the chairman for a number of years
Frank, Derick, Kirsten, their spouses and children enjoying a family celebration at Mt Shrosbree. c1991
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Brig with son Derick and 4 of his 5 grandsons, born to Frank and Derick Terence, Trevor, Dean & Shane C1985
Brig and Lorna with granddaughters, Pamela and Megan (daughters of Kirsten) C1990
Brig and Lorna celebrating Christmas with family c 1995
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Brig Knox with his working sheepdog, ‘Bles’ whom he personally trained.
Time for a bath, being helped by son Kirsten and granddaughter Megan.c1995 Every activity was always used as an opportunity to teach NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Every walk across the veld or checking on the animals with Brig Knox, yielded a wealth of information while sharing ‘life’ with the younger generation
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Always an organiser and on the go, Brig Knox would enlist anyone available to lend a hand and those opportunities were always appreciated and beneficial to help learn more skills. c1998 Above: Overseeing repairs with son Derick Below: Organising transport of water with son Frank and grandson Dean
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Derick, Frank, Kirsten and Gaile (wife of Frank) celebrating the 45th wedding anniversary of Brig and Mrs Knox, held at Ida. May 1999.
After almost 20 years of successful and joyful farming, Brig Knox and Lorna finally decided to retire and moved to East London in March 2001
Brig Knox was still not one to take it easy, and kept himself active with woodwork, leatherwork, gardening and the breeding and selling of a wide variety of birds, which he had also done for many years earlier, in his police career.
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Brig Knox was a gifted craftsman, loved doing woodwork, and particularly enjoyed using original hand tools. Wherever they were transferred, one of the first things to be set up was his workshop with everything in its set place.
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Brig Knox would spend many hours creating and repairing in his workshop. His passion for woodwork kept him active until a few months before his death. Above and below: A kist crafted in 1970
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Lorita, on a visit to Brig Knox and Lorna, in East London to say farewell, just prior to her and Gary leaving to live in UK. January 2003 While enjoying retirement in East London, Brig Knox & Lorna continued to celebrate family occasions as well as welcoming the addition of spouses and great-grandchildren into the family
Derick with his sons Shane and Trevor at the marriage of Trevor to Renee. East London 2007
Brig Knox & Lorna with their first great-grandchild, Tyla Knox, son of Christopher Knox. c2008
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Brig and Lorna still enjoying dancing at the celebration of their 55th wedding anniversary. East London, May 2009.
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Brig Knox with second son Derick with great grand-son James. March 2011 (Sadly, the family lost their beloved Derick, to cancer in July 2011) Below: Kirsten, Lorita, Lorna, Brig and Frank. July 2011
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Gary Bryden officiating in his capacity as Reverend, at the wedding of Kirsten to Marcia. Port Elizabeth January 2012
Marcia with Pamela and Megan (daughters of Kirsten) Port Elizabeth. January 2012
Brig Knox & Lorna celebrating the wedding of Kirsten to Marcia. Port Elizabeth January 2012. With Megan, Gaile, Kirsten, Pamela, Frank, Lorita, Marcia & her son Anthony and daughter Ashley.
Gaile, Lorita Bryden, Kirsten, Brig Knox and Lorna, Frank and Gary. January 2012
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Brig and Lorna at the celebration of their 60th wedding anniversary. East London. May 2014
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Brig Knox and Lorna celebrating the marriage of grandson Christopher to Jenny East London. May 2015
Grandsons Dean, Christopher and Terrence, sons of Frank and Gaile. East London. May 2015
Kirsten with daughters Pamela and Megan, June 2016
Kirsten at the marriage of his daughter Pamela to Brett. June 2016 NONGQAI VOL 11 NO 11A SPECIAL EDITION 2020
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Left: Brig Knox with great – grandchildren James and Kayleigh. (children of Trevor and Renee) East London. c 2017. Below: Four Generations of the Knox family. Celebrating a family christening, with the family of Frank and Gaile. January 2017 Front: Sienna, Joyce, Terence with Coby, Lorna, Shana, Tatum and Gary Back: Dean with Kelly on shoulders, Brig Knox, Gaile, Frank, Lorita and Christopher
A special moment shared with Terence and Coby, January 2019. Four generations present. Terence (eldest grandson of Brig Knox) with his son Coby and Frank (eldest son of Brig Knox) in background
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Celebrating Brigadier Knox’s 90th birthday. Family gathered together on 6 January 2019. Below: Daughter Lorita and sons Kirsten and Frank with Brig Knox and Lorna
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Four generations: Brigadier Knox and Lorna with their eldest son Frank and Gaile with their grandsons and grandsons’ spouses and great grandchildren. Celebrating the 91st birthday of Brig Knox 6 January 2020
Brig Knox passed away within weeks of he and Lorna celebrating their 66th wedding anniversary.
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BRIGADIER LK KNOX 6 JANUARY 1929 - 2 JUNE 2020 In remembrance of Louw, husband to Lorna, Dad to his children and Oupa Knox to his grandchildren and great– grandchildren; a man of high morals and standards. Although a strict disciplinarian with a no-nonsense approach, he was always full of life and at times mischievous, with a dry and keen sense of humour. He was a strong and unwavering force who taught us many life lessons, and a committed father who took good care of his family. In the words of Kirsten ‘We may not
have had everything we wanted but we never wanted for anything’. The strong life and family values taught and learnt and many memories built up over the years when Dad and Mom lived in the various towns where he was stationed, whilst a policeman, and then latterly of farm life, will be carried on down through many generations. We appreciate all that he shared and we have a treasure of memories, which we shall hold dear forever.
Thank you to Brig Hennie, Frans Bedford-Visser and Nongqai for making this special edition possible in honour of Brig Knox, the family man, the farmer and the policeman.
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It has indeed been a great privilege to assist with the compilation of this Special Edition of the Nongqai with the focus on Brig LK Knox. It is necessary to document the life of a pioneering, police officer. The existence of the late Brig LK Knox as a ‘police personality’ was brought to my attention by RSM Craig Stuart Brown of the Eastern Cape. From a cultural historical viewpoint we have the life of a police officer documented and on record, one who started from humble beginnings and ended high-up in the echelons of the South African Police Force. He served as a true role model to many of the members of the Force and the Public. We have valuable photos depicting his life from the ‘cradle to the grave’. Some photos are
nearly a century old, so please excuse the quality of some of these photos. He is a typical ‘plaas-polisieman’ - a breed of policeman who could do anything! They investigated all crimes committed in their area with out the aid of a detective, they were specialists in rural crime like for example stock theft, ritual murders and tribal faction fights. They knew all the members of the public in their precinct. As a person who is passionate about history we have here the makings of an experienced, innovative and creative police officer. He was deeply involved in both the Transkei Police and the first commissioner of the Ciskei Police. He was indeed an innovator in the Police.
The Mounted Policeman and his kit ready for inspection
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Annexure “A”
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Stop Press MWO Craig Brown supplied the following photograph—I have to include it as it depicts another “Police Hero”, WO FWJ “Fred” Geldenhuis, MM, who after retirement from the SAP joined PAG as their RSM. (He was well known to me.)
All we can say is: “Lest we Forget! Salute!“
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SLOT | END Dear reader
Geagte leser
Please note that in this quasi-historical magazine we make use of various sources and consequently it is obvious that the document contains various diverse and personal opinions of different people and the author of the Nongqai cannot be held responsible or be liable in his personal capacity.
Vir hierdie kwasiehistoriese tydskrif maak ons van verskeie bronne gebruik en bevat die dokument uiteraard uiteenlopende en diverse persoonlike menings van verskillende persone en die opsteller van die Nongqai kan nie in sy persoonlike hoedanigheid daarvoor verantwoordelik of aanspreeklik gehou word nie.
Š 2020 Brig. HB Heymans (SAP Ret.)
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