Role Of Network Topologies In Data Transfer
types,features,benefits & shortcomings
Presented by:Activ Net Marketing
Topology Meaning & Types u
Specific arrangement of computers in a network is called topology
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Topology determines how data gets transmitted in the network and at what speed
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There are five main types of networking topologies viz: Bus, Ring, Tree, Star, Mesh and Hybrid
Bus Topology u
In the Bus topology every computer or nodes and the network peripherals are connected using a single cable
Features •
Supports unidirectional data flow.All the devices are connected using a single network cable
Advantages •
It is less expensive since few cables are required
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Best suitable for smaller networks, expandable, and is easy to understand
Dis-advantages •
Since the load is on a single cable, when the cable fails the entire network fails
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When network traffic is heavy or more nodes are connected performance deteriorate
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It is slower than the ring topology
Ring Topology u
It is named so since it forms a ring as each computer is connected to another computer, with the last one connected to the first
Features •
More number of repeaters must be used to prevent data loss
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Transmission can be uni or bidirectional
Advantages •
Supports more traffic and additional nodes
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It is cheaper to install and expand
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Bidirectional data transfer in dual ring, provides backup support from second ring
Dis-advantages •
Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology
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Any change in the network disturbs the entire network activity
Star Topology u
In star network, all the computers are connected to a single hub called central node through a cable
Features •
Every node has its own dedicated connection to the hub
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Hub acts as a repeater for data flow
Advantages •
Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic
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Easy to troubleshoot, setup, modify and upgrade
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Only the failed node gets affected, others aren’t hindered by it and work smoothly
Dis-advantages •
Cost of installation and usage is high
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When hub fails the entire network stops
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Performance is totally depended on the capacity of hub
Tree Topology u
It has a hierarchical structure in which there are at least three levels of hierarchy with a single root node at the top
Features •
It is often used in wide area network(WAN) and is ideal for situations when the workstations are located in groups
Advantages •
Expansion of nodes is possible and easy
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Could be easily managed and maintained
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Faults are easy to detect
Dis-advantages •
Uses more cables for connection and therefore is expensive
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When more nodes are added maintenance becomes difficult
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When the root node fails, network fails
Mesh Topology u
It is a PTP connection to all other nodes or devices. All the network nodes are connected to each other.Mesh has n(n-1)/2 physical channels to link n devices
Features •
All the nodes are fully connected providing a robust support
Advantages •
Each connection carry their own data load
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Network is robust
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Provides security and privacy
Dis-advantages •
Installation and configuration is difficult
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Networking of nodes isn’t flexible
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Cabling cost is more since bulk wiring are required
Hybrid Topology u
It is a mixture of two or more non identical topologies. Some of the combination can be of star and ring, bus and star or bus and tree
Features •
It is a combination of two or more topologies
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Inherits the advantages and disadvantages of the topologies included in its formation
Advantages •
Scalable as size can be increased easily and provides flexibility to add nodes in any one of the internal topologiesCould be easily managed and maintained
Dis-advantages •
Complex in design and is more expensive
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Eventhough the network bandwidth plays a vital role in transmission of data, networking topologies too have a significant role to play in providing speedy turn around time Quality of underlying cable channels also contributes to the network performance. For example opticle fibre are more faster than twisted pair and coaxial cables
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