LM-PREISTORIA E PROTOSTORIA A.A. 2012-2013
COSA VUOL DIRE ESSERE
UMANI LEZIONE 3 15 Ottobre 2012
LEONARDO DA VINCI E LA PERFEZIONE DEL CORPO UMANO
STRUTTURA PERFETTIBILE DEL CORPO UMANO
I PIU’ FORTI DEGLI UOMINI SAREBBERO VINTI DA……….
UNA SFIDA PER L’INDIVIDUO …. E’ UNA RISPOSTA PER I PIÚ
The most distinctive feature of his thought is his emphasis on group feeling and solidarity which he calls "asabiyah" from an Arabic root referring to paternal kinsmen. As its derivation suggests, asabiyah is found first and foremost among blood relatives. Nonetheless, its real cause is not blood but "social intercourse, friendly association, long familiarity, and the companionship that results from ... sharing the ... Circumstances of life and death." It is group feeling, Ibn Khaldun says, that makes possible all great social achievements, from religious reforms to the founding and defense of dynasties. Paradoxically, its necessity also ensures that social achievements never last, because successputs an end to group feeling by liberating desire and reducing the need for mutual responsibility. If fragmentation is the rule and community an exception, all human achievements become temporary deviations from chaos
ASABIYAH LA PRATICA QUOTIDIANA DELL’ALLEANZA E’ IL SEME DELLA GRANDEZZA
LA FAMIGLIA ESTESA: PARAMETRO DI OGNI SOCIALITA’
IDENTITA’ INDIVIDUALE E…
SOLIDARIETA’ DI GRUPPO
LEVELS OF LABOUR OF LABOUR FORCE MOBILIZATION
LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 5 LEVEL 6 LELEL 7 LEVEL 8 LEVEL 9
10 PERSONS 100 1000 10,000 THE GREAT PYRAMID AT GIZAH 35,000 WORKERS 100,000 1,000000 10,000,000 100,000,000 1,000,000,000
LA GRANDE PIRAMIDE (c.2450 a.C.) Un’ opera di 35,000 persone
PER COSTRUIRE L’ IMPORTANTE E’….. LAVORARE INSIEME
TRIBAL WORK AT NIYA, INDONESIA, 1944
JERICHO 7500 BC
Population
Resources
Territory
HIERARCHY
NUCLEATION
URBANISM
EXPANSION SEGMENTATION OR
DISPERSAL
HETERARCHY
?
CONFLUENCE AND NUCLEATION
TRANSFORMATION EXPANSION
THE SETTLEMENT SPECTRUM OF NUCLEATION AND DISPERSION
THE TERRAMARE IN BRONZE AGE PO VALLEY
NEOLITHIC VILLAGES IN NORTHERN APULIA
Population
Resources
Territory
I RESTI DI CIRCA 8.000 NURAGHE SONO ANCORA PRESENTI IN SARDEGNA
ESPANSIONE PER SEGMENTAZIONE DI GRUPPI DI LIGNAGGIO INDIPENDENTI
Evolutionary Pathways of Social Formations
THE MIDDLE ASIAN INTERCULTURAL SPACE
NORTH
WEST
CENTER
EAST
SOUTH
THE ARABIAN SEA INTERACTION SPHERE
PIEDMONT DELTAS SHALLOW IRRIGATION AREAS
BENEFITS OF COMPLEXITY
LEVEL OF COMPLEXITY
Standard Complexity Growth Curve MARGINAL PRODUCT OF INCREASING COMPLEXITY, WITH PROGRESSION OF DIMINISHING RETURNS
BENEFITS OF COMPLEXITY
LEVEL OF COMPLEXITY
INNOVATION AND SUBSIDY MARGINAL PRODUCT OF INCREASING COMPLEXITY, WITH INNOVATION OR ACQUISITION OF AN ENERGY SUBSIDY
INNOVATION & SUBSIDY
ROMAN-BYZANTINE EMPIRE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
EXPANSION & COLLAPSE OF MAIN PROTOURBAN CENTRES IN MIDDLE ASIA (c. 3500-2000 BCE)
GROWTH & EXPANSION
THE LAG-LOG S-CURVE OF GROWTH
The Lag-Log S-Curve
AGGREGATION
DISAGGREGATION
ASPETTI DEL PAESAGGIO CON RIFERIMENTO A TIPOLOGIA4 DI SITI PROTO STORICI DELL’ASIA MEDIA
CARATTERISTICHE STRUTTURE DEI DELTA ENDOREICI IN IRAN. NELL’ASIA MEDIA E NELLE REGIONI ARIDE SUBTROPICALI IN GENERALE
SHAHDAD
SHAHDAD AI MARGINI DEL DESERTO DI LUT
AREA DI SHAHDAD AI MARGINI DEL DESERTO DI LUT
IL DELTA DI SHAHDAD DA EST
RUD-I GUSHK, IRAN SUDOCCIDENTALE INSEDIAMENTI RRRAZI ED INPIANTI D’IRRIGAZIONE DELLA FINE DEL IV MILLENNIO A.C.